80_FR_50832 80 FR 50671 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX BX, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of Proposed Rule Change Regarding NASDAQ Last Sale Plus

80 FR 50671 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX BX, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of Proposed Rule Change Regarding NASDAQ Last Sale Plus

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Federal Register Volume 80, Issue 161 (August 20, 2015)

Page Range50671-50677
FR Document2015-20549

Federal Register, Volume 80 Issue 161 (Thursday, August 20, 2015)
[Federal Register Volume 80, Number 161 (Thursday, August 20, 2015)]
[Notices]
[Pages 50671-50677]
From the Federal Register Online  [www.thefederalregister.org]
[FR Doc No: 2015-20549]


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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

[Release No. 34-75709; File No. SR-BX-2015-047]


Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX BX, Inc.; Notice of 
Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of Proposed Rule Change Regarding 
NASDAQ Last Sale Plus

August 14, 2015.
    Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 
(``Act''),\1\ and Rule 19b-4 thereunder,\2\ notice is hereby given that 
on, August 5, 2015, NASDAQ OMX BX, Inc. (``BX'' or ``Exchange'') filed 
with the Securities and Exchange Commission (``SEC'' or ``Commission'') 
the proposed rule change as described in Items I, II, and III, below, 
which Items have been prepared by the Exchange. The Commission is 
publishing this notice to solicit comments on the proposed rule change 
from interested persons.
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    \1\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
    \2\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4.
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I. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Terms of Substance 
of the Proposed Rule Change

    The Exchange proposes to amend BX Rule 7039 (BX Last Sale Data 
Feeds) with language regarding NASDAQ Last Sale Plus (``NLS Plus''), a 
comprehensive data feed offered by NASDAQ OMX Information LLC.\3\
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    \3\ NASDAQ OMX Information LLC is a subsidiary of The NASDAQ OMX 
Group, Inc. (``NASDAQ OMX'').
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    The text of the proposed rule change is available on the Exchange's 
Web site at http://nasdaqomxbx.cchwallstreet.com, at the principal 
office of the Exchange, and at the Commission's Public Reference Room.

II. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Purpose of, and 
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule Change

    In its filing with the Commission, the Exchange included statements 
concerning the purpose of and basis for the proposed rule change and 
discussed any comments it received on the proposed rule change. The 
text of these statements may be examined at the places specified in 
Item IV below. The Exchange has prepared summaries, set forth in 
sections A, B, and C below, of the most significant aspects of such 
statements.

A. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Purpose of, and 
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule Change

1. Purpose
    The purpose of this proposal is to amend BX Rule 7039 by adding new 
section (b) regarding NLS Plus.
    This proposal is based on the recent approval order regarding the 
codification of NLS Plus in NASDAQ Rule 7039,\4\ in a manner similar to 
products of other markets.\5\
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    \4\ See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 75257 (June 22, 
2015), 80 FR 36862 (June 26, 2015) (SR-NASDAQ-2015-055) (order 
approving proposed rule change regarding NASDAQ Last Sale Plus in 
NASDAQ Rule 7039(d)) (the ``NLS Plus Approval Order''). See also 
Securities Exchange Act Release No. 74972 (May 15, 2015), 80 FR 
29370 (May 21, 2015) (SR-NASDAQ-2015-055) (notice of filing of 
proposed rule change regarding NASDAQ Last Sale Plus) (the ``NLS 
Plus notice'').
    \5\ See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 73918 (December 23, 
2014), 79 FR 78920 (December 31, 2014) (SR-BATS-2014-055; SR-BYX-
2014-030; SR-EDGA-2014-25; SR-EDGX-2014-25) (order approving market 
data product called BATS One Feed being offered by four affiliated 
exchanges). See also Securities Exchange Act Release No. 73553 
(November 6, 2014), 79 FR 67491 (November 13, 2014) (SR-NYSE-2014-
40) (order granting approval to establish the NYSE Best Quote & 
Trades (``BQT'') Data Feed). These exchanges have likewise 
instituted fees for their products.
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    NLS Plus allows data distributors to access the three last sale 
products offered by each of NASDAQ OMX's three U.S. equity markets.\6\ 
NLS Plus also reflects cumulative consolidated volume (``consolidated 
volume'') of real-time trading activity across all U.S. exchanges for 
Tape C securities and 15-minute delayed information for Tape A and Tape 
B securities.\7\ In offering NLS Plus, NASDAQ OMX Information LLC is, 
as discussed below, acting as a redistributor of last sale products 
already offered by NASDAQ, BX, and PSX and volume information provided 
by the securities information processors (``SIPs'') for Tape A, B, and 
C.
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    \6\ The NASDAQ OMX U.S. equity markets include The NASDAQ Stock 
Market (``NASDAQ''), ``BX, and NASDAQ OMX PSX (``PSX'') (together 
known as the ``NASDAQ OMX equity markets''). PSX will shortly file a 
similar companion proposal regarding NLS Plus. NASDAQ's last sale 
product, NASDAQ Last Sale, includes last sale information from the 
FINRA/NASDAQ Trade Reporting Facility (``FINRA/NASDAQ TRF''), which 
is jointly operated by NASDAQ and the Financial Industry Regulatory 
Authority (``FINRA''). For proposed rule changes submitted with 
respect to NASDAQ Last Sale, BX Last Sale, and PSX Last Sale, see, 
e.g., Securities Exchange Act Release Nos. 57965 (June 16, 2008), 73 
FR 35178, (June 20, 2008) (SR-NASDAQ-2006-060) (order approving 
NASDAQ Last Sale data feeds pilot); 61112 (December 4, 2009), 74 FR 
65569, (December 10, 2009) (SR-BX-2009-077) (notice of filing and 
immediate effectiveness regarding BX Last Sale data feeds); and 
62876 (September 9, 2010), 75 FR 56624, (September 16, 2010) (SR-
Phlx-2010-120) (notice of filing and immediate effectiveness 
regarding PSX Last Sale data feeds).
    \7\ Tape A and Tape B securities are disseminated pursuant to 
the Security Industry Automation Corporation's (``SIAC'') 
Consolidated Tape Association Plan/Consolidated Quotation System, or 
CTA/CQS (``CTA''). Tape C securities are disseminated pursuant to 
the NASDAQ Unlisted Trading Privileges (``UTP'') Plan.
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    NLS Plus, which is proposed to be codified in BX Rule 7039(b) in 
the same form as in NASDAQ Rule 7039(d), allows data distributors to 
access last sale products offered by each of NASDAQ OMX's three equity 
exchanges. Thus, NLS Plus includes all transactions from all of NASDAQ 
OMX's equity markets, as well as FINRA/NASDAQ TRF data that is included 
in the current NLS product. In addition, NLS Plus features total cross-
market volume information at the issue level, thereby providing 
redistribution of consolidated volume information from SIPs for Tape A, 
B, and C securities. Thus, NLS Plus covers all securities listed on 
NASDAQ and New York Stock Exchange (``NYSE'') (now under the 
Intercontinental Exchange (``ICE'') umbrella), as well as U.S. 
``regional'' exchanges such as NYSE MKT, NYSE Arca, and BATS (also

[[Page 50672]]

known as BATS/Direct Edge).\8\ The Exchange will, as discussed below, 
file a separate proposal regarding the NLS Plus fee structure.
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    \8\ Registered U.S. exchanges are listed at http://www.sec.gov/divisions/marketreg/mrexchanges.shtml.
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    NLS Plus has been offered since 2010 via NASDAQ OMX Information 
LLC.\9\ NASDAQ OMX Information LLC is a subsidiary of NASDAQ OMX Group, 
Inc., separate and apart from The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC and the 
Exchange. As such, NASDAQ OMX Information LLC redistributes last sale 
data that has been the subject of a proposed rule change filed with the 
Commission at prices that also have been the subject of a proposed rule 
change filed with the Commission. As discussed below, NASDAQ OMX 
Information LLC distributes no data that is not equally available to 
all market data vendors.
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    \9\ While NLS Plus is described in the NLS Plus notice and NLS 
Plus Approval Order, NLS Plus is also described online at http://nasdaqtrader.com/content/technicalsupport/specifications/dataproducts/NLSPlusSpecification.pdf. In addition, the annual 
administrative and other fees for NLS Plus are currently described 
in NASDAQ Rule 7039(d) and noted at http://nasdaqtrader.com/Trader.aspx?id=DPUSdata#ls.
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The Proposal
    The Exchange proposes to add NLS Plus to BX Rule 7039, which 
currently describes the BX Last Sale data feed offering, to fully 
reflect NLS Plus. NLS Plus as proposed to be codified in BX Rule 
7039(b) is exactly the same as NLS Plus in NASDAQ Rule 7039(d).
    Similar to NLS, NLS Plus offers data for all U.S. equities via two 
separate data channels: the first data channel reflects NASDAQ, BX, and 
PSX trades with real-time consolidated volume for NASDAQ-listed 
securities; and the second data channel reflects trades with delayed 
consolidated volume for NYSE, NYSE MKT, NYSE Arca and BATS-listed 
securities.\10\ NLS Plus, like NLS, is used by industry professionals 
and retail investors looking for a cost effective, easy-to-administer, 
high quality market data product with the characteristics of NLS Plus. 
The provision of multiple options for investors to receive market data 
was a primary goal of the market data amendments adopted by Regulation 
NMS.\11\ Finally, NLS Plus provides investors with options for 
receiving market data that parallel products currently offered by BATS 
and BATS Y, EDGA, and EDGX and NYSE equity exchanges.\12\
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    \10\ These NLS Plus channels are each made up of a series of 
sequenced messages so that each message is variable in length based 
on the message type and is typically delivered using a higher level 
protocol.
    \11\ However, the Exchange notes that under Rule 603 of 
Regulation NMS, see 17 CFR 242.603(c), NLS Plus cannot be 
substituted for consolidated data in all instances in which 
consolidated data is used and certain subscribers are still required 
to purchase consolidated data for trading and order-routing 
purposes. See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 51808 (June 9, 
2005), 70 FR 37496, at 37503 (June 29, 2005) (Regulation NMS 
Adopting Release).
    \12\ See supra note 5.
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    In addition to last sale information, NLS Plus also disseminates 
the following data elements: Trade Price, Trade Size, Sale Condition 
Modifiers, Cumulative Consolidated Market Volume, End of Day Trade 
Summary, Adjusted Closing Price, IPO Information, and Bloomberg ID 
(together the ``data elements''). NLS Plus also features and 
disseminates the following messages: Market Wide Circuit Breaker, Reg 
SHO Short Sale Price Test Restricted Indicator, Trading Action, Symbol 
Directory, Adjusted Closing Price, and End of Day Trade Summary 
(together the ``messages'').\13\ The overwhelming majority of these 
data elements and messages are exactly the same as, and in fact are 
sourced from, NLS, BX Last Sale, and PSX Last Sale. Only two data 
elements (consolidated volume and Bloomberg ID) are, as discussed 
below, sourced from other publicly accessible or obtainable resources.
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    \13\ The Reg SHO Short Sale Price Test Restricted Indicator 
message is disseminated intra-day when a security has a price drop 
of 10% or more from the adjusted prior day's NASDAQ Official Closing 
Price. Trading Action indicates the current trading status of a 
security to the trading community, and indicates when a security is 
halted, paused, released for quotation, and released for trading. 
Symbol Directory is disseminated at the start of each trading day 
for all active NASDAQ and non-NASDAQ-listed security symbols. 
Adjusted Closing Price is disseminated at the start of each trading 
day for all active symbols in the NASDAQ system, and reflects the 
previous trading day's official closing price adjusted for any 
applicable corporate actions; if there were no corporate actions, 
however, the previous day's official closing price is used. End of 
Day Trade Summary is disseminated at the close of each trading day, 
as a summary for all active NASDAQ- and non-NASDAQ-listed 
securities. IPO Information reflects IPO general administrative 
messages from the UTP and CTA Level 1 feeds for Initial Public 
Offerings for all NASDAQ- and non-NASDAQ-listed securities.
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    Consolidated volume reflects the consolidated volume at the time 
that the NLS Plus trade message is generated, and includes the volume 
for the issue symbol as reported on the consolidated market data feed. 
The consolidated volume is based on the real-time trades reported via 
the UTP Trade Data Feed (``UTDF'') and delayed trades reported via CTA. 
NASDAQ OMX calculates the real-time trading volume for its trading 
venues, and then adds the real-time trading volume for the other (non-
NASDAQ OMX) trading venues as reported via the UTDF data feed. For non-
NASDAQ-listed issues, the consolidated volume is based on trades 
reported via SIAC's Consolidated Tape System (``CTS'') for the issue 
symbol. The Exchange calculates the real-time trading volume for its 
trading venues, and then adds the 15-minute delayed trading volume for 
the other (non-NASDAQ OMX) trading venues as reported via the CTS data 
feed.\14\ The second data point that is not sourced from NLS, BX Last 
Sale, and PSX Last Sale is Bloomberg ID. This composite ID is a 
component of Bloomberg's Open Symbology and acts as a global security 
identifier that Bloomberg assigns to securities, and is available free 
of charge.\15\
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    \14\ In order to distribute data derived from UTDF and CTA, 
NASDAQ OMX must pay monthly redistributor fees. However, because 
these fees are paid on an enterprise-wide basis and NASDAQ OMX 
includes such derived data in other data products, the use of the 
data in NLS Plus does not result in an additional incremental cost.
    \15\ See http://bsym.bloomberg.com/sym/pages/bbgid-fact-sheet.pdf; http://bsym.bloomberg.com/sym/pages/NASDAQ_Adopts_BSYM.pdf.
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    NLS Plus may be received by itself or in combination with NASDAQ 
Basic.\16\ In the latter case, the subscriber receives all of the 
elements contained in NLS Plus as well as the best bid and best offer 
information provided by NASDAQ Basic.
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    \16\ As provided in NASDAQ Rule 7047, NASDAQ Basic provides the 
information contained in NLS, together with NASDAQ's best bid and 
best offer.
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    The Exchange believes that market data distributors may use the NLS 
Plus data feed to feed stock tickers, portfolio trackers, trade alert 
programs, time and sale graphs, and other display systems.
    The Exchange proposes one housekeeping change. The Exchange adds 
the phrase ``BX Last Sale'' in BX Rule 7039(a) to make it clear that 
section (a) refers to BX Last Sale (whereas proposed section (b) refers 
to NLS Plus). This change is non-substantive.
    With respect to latency, the path for distribution of NLS Plus is 
not faster than the path for distribution that would be used by a 
market data vendor to distribute an independently created NLS Plus-like 
product. As such, the NLS Plus data feed is a data product that a 
competing market data vendor could create and sell without being in a 
disadvantaged position relative to the Exchange. In recognition that 
the Exchange is the source of its own market data and with NASDAQ and 
PSX being equity markets owned by NASDAQ OMX, the Exchange represents 
that the source of the market data it would use to create proposed NLS 
Plus is available to other vendors. In fact, the overwhelming majority 
of

[[Page 50673]]

the data elements and messages \17\ in NLS Plus are exactly the same 
as, and in fact are sourced from, NLS, BX Last Sale, and PSX Last Sale, 
each of which is available to other market data vendors.\18\ The 
Exchange, NASDAQ, and PSX will continue to make available these 
individual underlying data elements, and thus, the source of the market 
data that would be used to create the proposed NLS Plus is the same as 
what is available to other market data vendors.
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    \17\ See text related to notes 14 and 15 supra.
    \18\ Only two data elements are, as discussed above, sourced 
from other publicly accessible or obtainable resources.
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    In order to create NLS Plus, the system creating and supporting NLS 
Plus receives the individual data feeds from each of the NASDAQ OMX 
equity markets and, in turn, aggregates and summarizes that data to 
create NLS Plus and then distribute it to end users. This is the same 
process that a competing market data vendor would undergo should it 
want to create a market data product similar to NLS Plus to distribute 
to its end users. A competing market data vendor could receive the 
individual data feeds from each of the NASDAQ OMX equity markets at the 
same time the system creating and supporting NLS Plus would for it to 
create NLS Plus. Therefore, a competing market data vendor could, as 
discussed, obtain the underlying data elements from the NASDAQ OMX 
equity markets on the same latency basis as the system that would be 
performing the aggregation and consolidation of proposed NLS Plus, and 
provide a similar product to its customers with the same latency they 
could achieve by purchasing NLS Plus from the Exchange. As such, the 
Exchange would not have any unfair advantage over competing market data 
vendors with respect to NLS Plus. Moreover, in terms of NLS itself, the 
Exchange would access the underlying feed from the same point as would 
a market data vendor; as discussed, the Exchange would not have a speed 
advantage. Likewise, NLS Plus would not have any speed advantage vis-
[agrave]-vis competing market data vendors with respect to access to 
end user customers.
    With regard to cost, the Exchange will file a separate proposal 
with the Commission regarding fees that will be similar in nature to 
NASDAQ Rule 7039(d). The proposal would be designed to ensure that 
vendors could compete with the Exchange by creating a similar product 
as NLS Plus. The Exchange expects that the pricing will reflect the 
incremental cost of the aggregation and consolidation function for NLS 
Plus, and would not be lower than the cost to a vendor creating a 
competing product, including the cost of receiving the underlying data 
feeds. The pricing the Exchange would charge clients for NLS Plus would 
enable a vendor to receive the underlying data feeds and offer a 
similar product on a competitive basis and with no greater cost than 
the Exchange. For these reasons, the Exchange believes that vendors 
could readily offer a product similar to NLS Plus on a competitive 
basis at a similar cost.
    As described in more detail below, the Exchange believes that the 
NLS Plus data offering benefits the public and investors and that the 
proposal is consistent with the Act.
2. Statutory Basis
    The Exchange believes that the proposed rule change is consistent 
with the provisions of Section 6 of the Act,\19\ in general, and with 
Section 6(b)(5) of the Act,\20\ in particular, in that the proposal is 
designed to prevent fraudulent and manipulative acts and practices, to 
promote just and equitable principles of trade, to foster cooperation 
and coordination with persons engaged in regulating, clearing, 
settling, processing information with respect to, and facilitating 
transactions in securities, to remove impediments to and perfect the 
mechanism of a free and open market and a national market system, and, 
in general, to protect investors and the public interest.
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    \19\ 15 U.S.C. 78f.
    \20\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(5).
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    The proposal is to add section (b) to BX Rule 7039 regarding the 
NLS Plus data offering. The Exchange believes that the proposal 
facilitates transactions in securities, removes impediments to and 
perfects the mechanism of a free and open market and a national market 
system, and, in general, protects investors and the public interest by 
making permanent the availability of an additional means by which 
investors may access information about securities transactions, thereby 
providing investors with additional options for accessing information 
that may help to inform their trading decisions. Given that Section 11A 
the Act \21\ requires the dissemination of last sale reports in core 
data, the Exchange believes that the inclusion of the same data in NLS 
Plus is also consistent with the Act.
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    \21\ 15 U.S.C. 78k-1.
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    The Exchange notes that the Commission has determined that the 
inclusion of NLS Plus in NASDAQ Rule 7039(d), upon which proposed BX 
Rule 7039(b) is modelled, was consistent with the Act.\22\ The 
Commission has also recently approved data products on several 
exchanges that are similar to NLS Plus, and specifically determined 
that the approved data products were consistent with the Act.\23\ NLS 
Plus provides market participants with an additional option for 
receiving market data that has already been the subject of a proposed 
rule change and that is available from many market data vendors.
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    \22\ See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 75257 (June 22, 
2015), 80 FR 36862 (June 26, 2015) (SR-NASDAQ-2015-055).
    \23\ See supra note 5.
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    In adopting Regulation NMS, the Commission granted SROs and broker-
dealers (``BDs'') increased authority and flexibility to offer new and 
unique market data to the public. It was believed that this authority 
would expand the amount of data available to consumers, and also spur 
innovation and competition for the provision of market data. The 
Exchange believes that the NLS Plus market data product is precisely 
the sort of market data product that the Commission envisioned when it 
adopted Regulation NMS. The Commission concluded that Regulation NMS--
by deregulating the market in proprietary data--would itself further 
the Act's goals of facilitating efficiency and competition:

[E]fficiency is promoted when broker-dealers who do not need the 
data beyond the prices, sizes, market center identifications of the 
NBBO and consolidated last sale information are not required to 
receive (and pay for) such data. The Commission also believes that 
efficiency is promoted when broker-dealers may choose to receive 
(and pay for) additional market data based on their own internal 
analysis of the need for such data.\24\
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    \24\ See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 51808 (June 9, 
2005), 70 FR 37496 (June 29, 2005).

By removing unnecessary regulatory restrictions on the ability of 
exchanges to sell their own data, Regulation NMS advanced the goals of 
the Act and the principles reflected in its legislative history. If the 
free market should determine whether proprietary data is sold to BDs at 
all, it follows that the price at which such data is sold should be set 
by the market as well.
    The Exchange will file a separate proposal regarding NLS Plus 
fees.\25\ The decision of the United States Court of Appeals for the 
District of Columbia Circuit in NetCoalition v. SEC, 615 F.3d 525 (D.C. 
Cir. 2010) (``NetCoalition I''),

[[Page 50674]]

upheld the Commission's reliance upon competitive markets to set 
reasonable and equitably allocated fees for market data. ``In fact, the 
legislative history indicates that the Congress intended that the 
market system `evolve through the interplay of competitive forces as 
unnecessary regulatory restrictions are removed' and that the SEC wield 
its regulatory power `in those situations where competition may not be 
sufficient,' such as in the creation of a `consolidated transactional 
reporting system.' NetCoalition I, at 535 (quoting H.R. Rep. No. 94-
229, at 92 (1975), as reprinted in 1975 U.S.C.C.A.N. 321, 323). The 
court agreed with the Commission's conclusion that ``Congress intended 
that `competitive forces should dictate the services and practices that 
constitute the U.S. national market system for trading equity 
securities.' '' \26\
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    \25\ The Exchange expects that the fee structure for NLS Plus 
will reflect an amount that is no less than the cost to a market 
data vendor to obtain all the underlying feeds, plus an amount to be 
determined that would reflect the value of the aggregation and 
consolidation function.
    \26\ NetCoalition I, at 535.
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    The Court in NetCoalition I, while upholding the Commission's 
conclusion that competitive forces may be relied upon to establish the 
fairness of prices, nevertheless concluded that the record in that case 
did not adequately support the Commission's conclusions as to the 
competitive nature of the market for NYSE Arca's data product at issue 
in that case. As explained below in the Exchange's Statement on Burden 
on Competition, however, the Exchange believes that there is 
substantial evidence of competition in the marketplace for data that 
was not in the record in the NetCoalition I case, and that the 
Commission is entitled to rely upon such evidence in concluding fees 
are the product of competition, and therefore in accordance with the 
relevant statutory standards.\27\ Moreover, the Exchange further notes 
that the product at issue in this filing--a last sale data product that 
replicates a subset of the information available through ``core'' data 
products whose fees have been reviewed and approved by the SEC--is 
quite different from the NYSE Arca depth-of-book data product at issue 
in NetCoalition I. Accordingly, any findings of the court with respect 
to that product may not be relevant to the product at issue in this 
filing.
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    \27\ It should also be noted that Section 916 of the Dodd-Frank 
Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 (``Dodd-Frank 
Act'') has amended paragraph (A) of Section 19(b)(3) of the Act, 15 
U.S.C. 78s(b)(3), to make it clear that all exchange fees, including 
fees for market data, may be filed by exchanges on an immediately 
effective basis. See also NetCoalition v. SEC, 715 F.3d 342 (D.C. 
Cir. 2013) (``NetCoalition II'') (finding no jurisdiction to review 
Commission's non-suspension of immediately effective fee changes).
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    Moreover, data products such as NLS Plus are a means by which 
exchanges compete to attract order flow. To the extent that exchanges 
are successful in such competition, they earn trading revenues and also 
enhance the value of their data products by increasing the amount of 
data they are able to provide. Conversely, to the extent that exchanges 
are unsuccessful, the inputs needed to add value to data products are 
diminished. Accordingly, the need to compete for order flow places 
substantial pressure upon exchanges to keep their fees for both 
executions and data reasonable.

B. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement on Burden on Competition

    The Exchange does not believe that the proposed rule change will 
result in any burden on competition that is not necessary or 
appropriate in furtherance of the purposes of the Act, as amended. As 
is true of all NASDAQ's non-core data products, NASDAQ's ability to 
offer and price NLS Plus is constrained by: (1) Competition between 
exchanges and other trading platforms that compete with each other in a 
variety of dimensions; (2) the existence of inexpensive real-time 
consolidated data and market-specific data and free delayed 
consolidated data; and (3) the inherent contestability of the market 
for proprietary last sale data.
    In addition, as described in detail above, NLS Plus competes 
directly with a myriad of similar products and potential products of 
market data vendors. NASDAQ OMX Information LLC was constructed 
specifically to establish a level playing field with market data 
vendors and to preserve fair competition between them. Therefore, 
NASDAQ OMX Information LLC receives NLS, BX Last Sale, and PSX Last 
Sale from each NASDAQ-operated exchange in the same manner, at the same 
speed, and reflecting the same fees as for all market data vendors. 
Therefore, NASDAQ Information LLC has no competitive advantage with 
respect to these last sale products and NASDAQ commits to maintaining 
this level playing field in the future. In other words, NASDAQ will 
continue to disseminate separately the underlying last sale products to 
avoid creating a latency differential between NASDAQ OMX Information 
LLC and other market data vendors, and to avoid creating a pricing 
advantage for NASDAQ OMX Information LLC.
    NLS Plus joins the existing market for proprietary last sale data 
products that is currently competitive and inherently contestable 
because there is fierce competition for the inputs necessary to the 
creation of proprietary data and strict pricing discipline for the 
proprietary products themselves. Numerous exchanges compete with each 
other for listings, trades, and market data itself, providing virtually 
limitless opportunities for entrepreneurs who wish to produce and 
distribute their own market data. This proprietary data is produced by 
each individual exchange, as well as other entities, in a vigorously 
competitive market. Similarly, with respect to the FINRA/NASDAQ TRF 
data that is a component of NLS and NLS Plus, allowing exchanges to 
operate TRFs has permitted them to earn revenues by providing 
technology and data in support of the non-exchange segment of the 
market. This revenue opportunity has also resulted in fierce 
competition between the two current TRF operators, with both TRFs 
charging extremely low trade reporting fees and rebating the majority 
of the revenues they receive from core market data to the parties 
reporting trades.
    Transaction execution and proprietary data products are 
complementary in that market data is both an input and a byproduct of 
the execution service. In fact, market data and trade execution are a 
paradigmatic example of joint products with joint costs. The decision 
whether and on which platform to post an order will depend on the 
attributes of the platform where the order can be posted, including the 
execution fees, data quality and price, and distribution of its data 
products. Without trade executions, exchange data products cannot 
exist. Moreover, data products are valuable to many end users only 
insofar as they provide information that end users expect will assist 
them or their customers in making trading decisions.
    The costs of producing market data include not only the costs of 
the data distribution infrastructure, but also the costs of designing, 
maintaining, and operating the exchange's transaction execution 
platform and the cost of regulating the exchange to ensure its fair 
operation and maintain investor confidence. The total return that a 
trading platform earns reflects the revenues it receives from both 
products and the joint costs it incurs. Moreover, the operation of the 
exchange is characterized by high fixed costs and low marginal costs. 
This cost structure is common in content and content distribution 
industries such as software, where developing new software typically 
requires a large initial investment (and continuing large investments 
to upgrade the software), but once the software is developed, the 
incremental cost of providing that software to an additional user is

[[Page 50675]]

typically small, or even zero (e.g., if the software can be downloaded 
over the internet after being purchased).\28\ In the Exchange's case, 
it is costly to build and maintain a trading platform, but the 
incremental cost of trading each additional share on an existing 
platform, or distributing an additional instance of data, is very low. 
Market information and executions are each produced jointly (in the 
sense that the activities of trading and placing orders are the source 
of the information that is distributed) and are each subject to 
significant scale economies. In such cases, marginal cost pricing is 
not feasible because if all sales were priced at the margin, the 
Exchange would be unable to defray its platform costs of providing the 
joint products. Similarly, data products cannot make use of TRF trade 
reports without the raw material of the trade reports themselves, and 
therefore necessitate the costs of operating, regulating,\29\ and 
maintaining a trade reporting system, costs that must be covered 
through the fees charged for use of the facility and sales of 
associated data.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \28\ See William J. Baumol and Daniel G. Swanson, ``The New 
Economy and Ubiquitous Competitive Price Discrimination: Identifying 
Defensible Criteria of Market Power,'' Antitrust Law Journal, Vol. 
70, No. 3 (2003).
    \29\ It should be noted that the costs of operating the FINRA/
NASDAQ TRF borne by NASDAQ include regulatory charges paid by NASDAQ 
to FINRA.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    An exchange's BD customers view the costs of transaction executions 
and of data as a unified cost of doing business with the exchange. A BD 
will direct orders to a particular exchange only if the expected 
revenues from executing trades on the exchange exceed net transaction 
execution costs and the cost of data that the BD chooses to buy to 
support its trading decisions (or those of its customers). The choice 
of data products is, in turn, a product of the value of the products in 
making profitable trading decisions. If the cost of the product exceeds 
its expected value, the BD will choose not to buy it. Moreover, as a BD 
chooses to direct fewer orders to a particular exchange, the value of 
the product to that BD decreases, for two reasons. First, the product 
will contain less information, because executions of the BD's trading 
activity will not be reflected in it. Second, and perhaps more 
important, the product will be less valuable to that BD because it does 
not provide information about the venue to which it is directing its 
orders. Data from the competing venue to which the BD is directing 
orders will become correspondingly more valuable.
    Similarly, in the case of products such as NLS Plus that are 
distributed through market data vendors, the vendors provide price 
discipline for proprietary data products because they control the 
primary means of access to end users. Vendors impose price restraints 
based upon their business models. For example, vendors such as 
Bloomberg and Reuters that assess a surcharge on data they sell may 
refuse to offer proprietary products that end users will not purchase 
in sufficient numbers. Internet portals, such as Google, impose a 
discipline by providing only data that will enable them to attract 
``eyeballs'' that contribute to their advertising revenue. Retail BDs, 
such as Schwab and Fidelity, offer their customers proprietary data 
only if it promotes trading and generates sufficient commission 
revenue. Although the business models may differ, these vendors' 
pricing discipline is the same: They can simply refuse to purchase any 
proprietary data product that fails to provide sufficient value. 
Exchanges, TRFs, and other producers of proprietary data products must 
understand and respond to these varying business models and pricing 
disciplines in order to market proprietary data products successfully. 
Moreover, the Exchange believes that products such as NLS Plus can 
enhance order flow to the Exchange by providing more widespread 
distribution of information about transactions in real time, thereby 
encouraging wider participation in the market by investors with access 
to the internet or television. Conversely, the value of such products 
to distributors and investors decreases if order flow falls, because 
the products contain less content.
    Competition among trading platforms can be expected to constrain 
the aggregate return each platform earns from the sale of its joint 
products, but different platforms may choose from a range of possible, 
and equally reasonable, pricing strategies as the means of recovering 
total costs. The Exchange pays rebates for orders that access 
liquidity, charges relatively low prices for market information and 
charges relatively low prices for orders providing liquidity. Other 
platforms may choose a strategy of paying rebates to attract liquidity, 
and setting relatively higher prices for market information. Still 
others may provide most data free of charge and rely exclusively on 
transaction fees to recover their costs. Finally, some platforms may 
incentivize use by providing opportunities for equity ownership, which 
may allow them to charge lower direct fees for executions and data.
    In this environment, there is no economic basis for regulating 
maximum prices for one of the joint products in an industry in which 
suppliers face competitive constraints with regard to the joint 
offering. Such regulation is unnecessary because an ``excessive'' price 
for one of the joint products will ultimately have to be reflected in 
lower prices for other products sold by the firm, or otherwise the firm 
will experience a loss in the volume of its sales that will be adverse 
to its overall profitability. In other words, an increase in the price 
of data will ultimately have to be accompanied by a decrease in the 
cost of executions, or the volume of both data and executions will 
fall.
    The level of competition and contestability in the market is 
evident in the numerous alternative venues that compete for order flow, 
including eleven SRO markets, as well as internalizing BDs and various 
forms of alternative trading systems (``ATSs''), including dark pools 
and electronic communication networks (``ECNs''). Each SRO market 
competes to produce transaction reports via trade executions, and two 
FINRA-regulated TRFs compete to attract internalized transaction 
reports. It is common for BDs to further and exploit this competition 
by sending their order flow and transaction reports to multiple 
markets, rather than providing them all to a single market. Competitive 
markets for order flow, executions, and transaction reports provide 
pricing discipline for the inputs of proprietary data products.
    The large number of SROs, TRFs, BDs, and ATSs that currently 
produce proprietary data or are currently capable of producing it 
provides further pricing discipline for proprietary data products. Each 
SRO, TRF, ATS, and BD is currently permitted to produce proprietary 
data products, and many currently do or have announced plans to do so, 
including NASDAQ, NYSE, NYSE MKT, NYSE Arca, and BATS/Direct Edge.
    Any ATS or BD can combine with any other ATS, BD, or multiple ATSs 
or BDs to produce joint proprietary data products. Additionally, order 
routers and market data vendors can facilitate single or multiple BDs' 
production of proprietary data products. The potential sources of 
proprietary products are virtually limitless. Notably, the potential 
sources of data include the BDs that submit trade reports to TRFs and 
that have the ability to consolidate and distribute their data without 
the involvement of FINRA or an exchange-operated TRF.

[[Page 50676]]

    The fact that proprietary data from ATSs, BDs, and vendors can by-
pass SROs is significant in two respects. First, non-SROs can compete 
directly with SROs for the production and sale of proprietary data 
products, as BATS and NYSE Arca did before registering as exchanges by 
publishing proprietary book data on the internet. Second, because a 
single order or transaction report can appear in a core data product, 
an SRO proprietary product, and/or a non-SRO proprietary product, the 
data available in proprietary products is exponentially greater than 
the actual number of orders and transaction reports that exist in the 
marketplace. Indeed, in the case of NLS Plus, the data provided through 
that product appears both in (i) real-time core data products offered 
by the SIPs for a fee, (ii) free SIP data products with a 15-minute 
time delay, and (iii) individual exchange data products, and finds a 
close substitute in last-sale products of competing venues.
    In addition to the competition and price discipline described 
above, the market for proprietary data products is also highly 
contestable because market entry is rapid, inexpensive, and profitable. 
The history of electronic trading is replete with examples of entrants 
that swiftly grew into some of the largest electronic trading platforms 
and proprietary data producers: Archipelago, Bloomberg Tradebook, 
Island, RediBook, Attain, TracECN, BATS Trading and BATS/Direct Edge. A 
proliferation of dark pools and other ATSs operate profitably with 
fragmentary shares of consolidated market volume.
    Regulation NMS, by deregulating the market for proprietary data, 
has increased the contestability of that market. While BDs have 
previously published their proprietary data individually, Regulation 
NMS encourages market data vendors and BDs to produce proprietary 
products cooperatively in a manner never before possible. Multiple 
market data vendors already have the capability to aggregate data and 
disseminate it on a profitable scale, including Bloomberg and Thomson 
Reuters. In Europe, Cinnober aggregates and disseminates data from over 
40 brokers and multilateral trading facilities.\30\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \30\ See http://www.cinnober.com/boat-trade-reporting.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    In the case of TRFs, the rapid entry of several exchanges into this 
space in 2006-2007 following the development and Commission approval of 
the TRF structure demonstrates the contestability of this aspect of the 
market.\31\ Given the demand for trade reporting services that is 
itself a by-product of the fierce competition for transaction 
executions--characterized notably by a proliferation of ATSs and BDs 
offering internalization--any supra-competitive increase in the fees 
associated with trade reporting or TRF data would shift trade report 
volumes from one of the existing TRFs to the other \32\ and create 
incentives for other TRF operators to enter the space. Alternatively, 
because BDs reporting to TRFs are themselves free to consolidate the 
market data that they report, the market for over-the-counter data 
itself, separate and apart from the markets for execution and trade 
reporting services--is fully contestable.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \31\ The low cost exit of two TRFs from the market is also 
evidence of a contestable market, because new entrants are reluctant 
to enter a market where exit may involve substantial shut-down 
costs.
    \32\ It should be noted that the FINRA/NYSE TRF has, in recent 
weeks, received reports for almost 10% of all over-the-counter 
volume in NMS stocks.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Moreover, consolidated data provides two additional measures of 
pricing discipline for proprietary data products that are a subset of 
the consolidated data stream. First, the consolidated data is widely 
available in real-time at $1 per month for non-professional users. 
Second, consolidated data is also available at no cost with a 15- or 
20-minute delay. Because consolidated data contains marketwide 
information, it effectively places a cap on the fees assessed for 
proprietary data (such as last sale data) that is simply a subset of 
the consolidated data. The mere availability of low-cost or free 
consolidated data provides a powerful form of pricing discipline for 
proprietary data products that contain data elements that are a subset 
of the consolidated data, by highlighting the optional nature of 
proprietary products.
    In this environment, a super-competitive increase in the fees 
charged for either transactions or data has the potential to impair 
revenues from both products. ``No one disputes that competition for 
order flow is `fierce'.'' NetCoalition I at 539. The existence of 
fierce competition for order flow implies a high degree of price 
sensitivity on the part of BDs with order flow, since they may readily 
reduce costs by directing orders toward the lowest-cost trading venues. 
A BD that shifted its order flow from one platform to another in 
response to order execution price differentials would both reduce the 
value of that platform's market data and reduce its own need to consume 
data from the disfavored platform. If a platform increases its market 
data fees, the change will affect the overall cost of doing business 
with the platform, and affected BDs will assess whether they can lower 
their trading costs by directing orders elsewhere and thereby lessening 
the need for the more expensive data. Similarly, increases in the cost 
of NLS Plus would impair the willingness of distributors to take a 
product for which there are numerous alternatives, impacting NLS Plus 
data revenues, the value of NLS Plus as a tool for attracting order 
flow, and ultimately, the volume of orders routed to the Exchange and 
the value of its other data products.

C. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement on Comments on the Proposed 
Rule Change Received From Members, Participants, or Others

    No written comments were either solicited or received.

III. Date of Effectiveness of the Proposed Rule Change and Timing for 
Commission Action

    Because the foregoing proposed rule change does not: (i) 
Significantly affect the protection of investors or the public 
interest; (ii) impose any significant burden on competition; and (iii) 
become operative for 30 days from the date on which it was filed, or 
such shorter time as the Commission may designate, it has become 
effective pursuant to Section 19(b)(3)(A) \33\ of the Act and 
subparagraph (f)(6) of Rule 19b-4 thereunder.\34\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \33\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(3)(A).
    \34\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4(f)(6).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    At any time within 60 days of the filing of the proposed rule 
change, the Commission summarily may temporarily suspend such rule 
change if it appears to the Commission that such action is: (i) 
Necessary or appropriate in the public interest; (ii) for the 
protection of investors; or (iii) otherwise in furtherance of the 
purposes of the Act. If the Commission takes such action, the 
Commission shall institute proceedings to determine whether the 
proposed rule change should be approved or disapproved.

IV. Solicitation of Comments

    Interested persons are invited to submit written data, views, and 
arguments concerning the foregoing, including whether the proposed rule 
change is consistent with the Act. Comments may be submitted by any of 
the following methods:

Electronic Comments

     Use the Commission's Internet comment form (http://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml); or

[[Page 50677]]

     Send an email to [email protected]. Please include 
File Number SR-BX-2015-047 on the subject line.

Paper Comments

     Send paper comments in triplicate to Secretary, Securities 
and Exchange Commission, 100 F Street NE., Washington, DC 20549-1090.

All submissions should refer to File Number SR-BX-2015-047. This file 
number should be included on the subject line if email is used. To help 
the Commission process and review your comments more efficiently, 
please use only one method. The Commission will post all comments on 
the Commission's Internet Web site (http://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml).
    Copies of the submission, all subsequent amendments, all written 
statements with respect to the proposed rule change that are filed with 
the Commission, and all written communications relating to the proposed 
rule change between the Commission and any person, other than those 
that may be withheld from the public in accordance with the provisions 
of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be available for Web site viewing and printing in 
the Commission's Public Reference Room, 100 F Street NE., Washington, 
DC 20549, on official business days between the hours of 10:00 a.m. and 
3:00 p.m. Copies of the filing also will be available for inspection 
and copying at the principal office of the Exchange. All comments 
received will be posted without change; the Commission does not edit 
personal identifying information from submissions. You should submit 
only information that you wish to make available publicly.
    All submissions should refer to File Number SR-BX-2015-047 and 
should be submitted on or before September 10, 2015.

    For the Commission, by the Division of Trading and Markets, 
pursuant to delegated authority.\35\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \35\ 17 CFR 200.30-3(a)(12).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Robert W. Errett,
Deputy Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2015-20549 Filed 8-19-15; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011-01-P



                                                                             Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 161 / Thursday, August 20, 2015 / Notices                                                    50671

                                              Institute, 1201 Ralston Avenue, San                        I. Self-Regulatory Organization’s                          NLS Plus allows data distributors to
                                              Francisco, CA 94129–0052, or via email                     Statement of the Terms of Substance of                  access the three last sale products
                                              to institute@presidiotrust.gov. If                         the Proposed Rule Change                                offered by each of NASDAQ OMX’s
                                              individuals submitting written                                The Exchange proposes to amend BX                    three U.S. equity markets.6 NLS Plus
                                              comments request that their address or                     Rule 7039 (BX Last Sale Data Feeds)                     also reflects cumulative consolidated
                                              other contact information be withheld                      with language regarding NASDAQ Last                     volume (‘‘consolidated volume’’) of real-
                                              from public disclosure, it will be                         Sale Plus (‘‘NLS Plus’’), a                             time trading activity across all U.S.
                                              honored to the extent allowable by law.                    comprehensive data feed offered by                      exchanges for Tape C securities and 15-
                                              Such requests must be stated                               NASDAQ OMX Information LLC.3                            minute delayed information for Tape A
                                              prominently at the beginning of the                           The text of the proposed rule change                 and Tape B securities.7 In offering NLS
                                              comments. The Trust will make                              is available on the Exchange’s Web site                 Plus, NASDAQ OMX Information LLC
                                              available for public inspection all                        at http://                                              is, as discussed below, acting as a
                                              submissions from organizations or                          nasdaqomxbx.cchwallstreet.com, at the                   redistributor of last sale products
                                              businesses and from persons identifying                    principal office of the Exchange, and at                already offered by NASDAQ, BX, and
                                              themselves as representatives or                           the Commission’s Public Reference
                                              officials of organizations and                                                                                     PSX and volume information provided
                                                                                                         Room.
                                              businesses.                                                                                                        by the securities information processors
                                                                                                         II. Self-Regulatory Organization’s                      (‘‘SIPs’’) for Tape A, B, and C.
                                                 Time: The meeting will be held from                     Statement of the Purpose of, and
                                              12:30 p.m. to 2:00 p.m. on Monday,                                                                                    NLS Plus, which is proposed to be
                                                                                                         Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule                  codified in BX Rule 7039(b) in the same
                                              September 21, 2015.                                        Change
                                                                                                                                                                 form as in NASDAQ Rule 7039(d),
                                                 Location: The meeting will be held at                      In its filing with the Commission, the               allows data distributors to access last
                                              the Presidio Institute, Building 1202                      Exchange included statements                            sale products offered by each of
                                              Ralston Avenue, San Francisco, CA                          concerning the purpose of and basis for                 NASDAQ OMX’s three equity
                                              94129.                                                     the proposed rule change and discussed                  exchanges. Thus, NLS Plus includes all
                                                                                                         any comments it received on the                         transactions from all of NASDAQ
                                              FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
                                                                                                         proposed rule change. The text of these
                                              Additional information is available                                                                                OMX’s equity markets, as well as
                                                                                                         statements may be examined at the
                                              online at http://www.presidio.gov/                                                                                 FINRA/NASDAQ TRF data that is
                                                                                                         places specified in Item IV below. The
                                              explore/Pages/fort-scott-council.aspx.                     Exchange has prepared summaries, set                    included in the current NLS product. In
                                               Dated: August 13, 2015.                                   forth in sections A, B, and C below, of                 addition, NLS Plus features total cross-
                                              Andrea Andersen,                                           the most significant aspects of such                    market volume information at the issue
                                                                                                         statements.                                             level, thereby providing redistribution
                                              Acting General Counsel.
                                                                                                                                                                 of consolidated volume information
                                              [FR Doc. 2015–20560 Filed 8–19–15; 8:45 am]                A. Self-Regulatory Organization’s                       from SIPs for Tape A, B, and C
                                              BILLING CODE 4310–4R–P                                     Statement of the Purpose of, and                        securities. Thus, NLS Plus covers all
                                                                                                         Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule                  securities listed on NASDAQ and New
                                                                                                         Change
                                                                                                                                                                 York Stock Exchange (‘‘NYSE’’) (now
                                                                                                         1. Purpose                                              under the Intercontinental Exchange
                                              SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
                                              COMMISSION                                                    The purpose of this proposal is to                   (‘‘ICE’’) umbrella), as well as U.S.
                                                                                                         amend BX Rule 7039 by adding new                        ‘‘regional’’ exchanges such as NYSE
                                                                                                         section (b) regarding NLS Plus.                         MKT, NYSE Arca, and BATS (also
                                              [Release No. 34–75709; File No. SR–BX–
                                              2015–047]
                                                                                                            This proposal is based on the recent
                                                                                                         approval order regarding the                               6 The NASDAQ OMX U.S. equity markets include

                                                                                                         codification of NLS Plus in NASDAQ                      The NASDAQ Stock Market (‘‘NASDAQ’’), ‘‘BX,
                                              Self-Regulatory Organizations;                                                                                     and NASDAQ OMX PSX (‘‘PSX’’) (together known
                                              NASDAQ OMX BX, Inc.; Notice of Filing                      Rule 7039,4 in a manner similar to
                                                                                                                                                                 as the ‘‘NASDAQ OMX equity markets’’). PSX will
                                              and Immediate Effectiveness of                             products of other markets.5                             shortly file a similar companion proposal regarding
                                              Proposed Rule Change Regarding                                                                                     NLS Plus. NASDAQ’s last sale product, NASDAQ
                                                                                                            3 NASDAQ OMX Information LLC is a subsidiary         Last Sale, includes last sale information from the
                                              NASDAQ Last Sale Plus                                                                                              FINRA/NASDAQ Trade Reporting Facility
                                                                                                         of The NASDAQ OMX Group, Inc. (‘‘NASDAQ
                                                                                                         OMX’’).                                                 (‘‘FINRA/NASDAQ TRF’’), which is jointly
                                              August 14, 2015.                                              4 See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 75257      operated by NASDAQ and the Financial Industry
                                                 Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the                     (June 22, 2015), 80 FR 36862 (June 26, 2015) (SR–       Regulatory Authority (‘‘FINRA’’). For proposed rule
                                                                                                         NASDAQ–2015–055) (order approving proposed              changes submitted with respect to NASDAQ Last
                                              Securities Exchange Act of 1934                                                                                    Sale, BX Last Sale, and PSX Last Sale, see, e.g.,
                                                                                                         rule change regarding NASDAQ Last Sale Plus in
                                              (‘‘Act’’),1 and Rule 19b–4 thereunder,2                    NASDAQ Rule 7039(d)) (the ‘‘NLS Plus Approval           Securities Exchange Act Release Nos. 57965 (June
                                              notice is hereby given that on, August                     Order’’). See also Securities Exchange Act Release      16, 2008), 73 FR 35178, (June 20, 2008) (SR–
                                              5, 2015, NASDAQ OMX BX, Inc. (‘‘BX’’                       No. 74972 (May 15, 2015), 80 FR 29370 (May 21,          NASDAQ–2006–060) (order approving NASDAQ
                                              or ‘‘Exchange’’) filed with the Securities                 2015) (SR–NASDAQ–2015–055) (notice of filing of         Last Sale data feeds pilot); 61112 (December 4,
                                                                                                         proposed rule change regarding NASDAQ Last Sale         2009), 74 FR 65569, (December 10, 2009) (SR–BX–
                                              and Exchange Commission (‘‘SEC’’ or                        Plus) (the ‘‘NLS Plus notice’’).                        2009–077) (notice of filing and immediate
                                              ‘‘Commission’’) the proposed rule                             5 See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 73918      effectiveness regarding BX Last Sale data feeds);
                                              change as described in Items I, II, and                    (December 23, 2014), 79 FR 78920 (December 31,          and 62876 (September 9, 2010), 75 FR 56624,
                                              III, below, which Items have been                          2014) (SR–BATS–2014–055; SR–BYX–2014–030;               (September 16, 2010) (SR–Phlx–2010–120) (notice
                                                                                                         SR–EDGA–2014–25; SR–EDGX–2014–25) (order                of filing and immediate effectiveness regarding PSX
tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with NOTICES




                                              prepared by the Exchange. The                              approving market data product called BATS One           Last Sale data feeds).
                                              Commission is publishing this notice to                    Feed being offered by four affiliated exchanges). See      7 Tape A and Tape B securities are disseminated

                                              solicit comments on the proposed rule                      also Securities Exchange Act Release No. 73553          pursuant to the Security Industry Automation
                                              change from interested persons.                            (November 6, 2014), 79 FR 67491 (November 13,           Corporation’s (‘‘SIAC’’) Consolidated Tape
                                                                                                         2014) (SR–NYSE–2014–40) (order granting approval        Association Plan/Consolidated Quotation System,
                                                                                                         to establish the NYSE Best Quote & Trades (‘‘BQT’’)     or CTA/CQS (‘‘CTA’’). Tape C securities are
                                                1 15   U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).                                 Data Feed). These exchanges have likewise               disseminated pursuant to the NASDAQ Unlisted
                                                2 17   CFR 240.19b–4.                                    instituted fees for their products.                     Trading Privileges (‘‘UTP’’) Plan.



                                         VerDate Sep<11>2014      17:31 Aug 19, 2015   Jkt 235001   PO 00000   Frm 00077   Fmt 4703   Sfmt 4703   E:\FR\FM\20AUN1.SGM    20AUN1


                                              50672                       Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 161 / Thursday, August 20, 2015 / Notices

                                              known as BATS/Direct Edge).8 The                        investors with options for receiving                     non-NASDAQ-listed issues, the
                                              Exchange will, as discussed below, file                 market data that parallel products                       consolidated volume is based on trades
                                              a separate proposal regarding the NLS                   currently offered by BATS and BATS Y,                    reported via SIAC’s Consolidated Tape
                                              Plus fee structure.                                     EDGA, and EDGX and NYSE equity                           System (‘‘CTS’’) for the issue symbol.
                                                 NLS Plus has been offered since 2010                 exchanges.12                                             The Exchange calculates the real-time
                                              via NASDAQ OMX Information LLC.9                           In addition to last sale information,                 trading volume for its trading venues,
                                              NASDAQ OMX Information LLC is a                         NLS Plus also disseminates the                           and then adds the 15-minute delayed
                                              subsidiary of NASDAQ OMX Group,                         following data elements: Trade Price,                    trading volume for the other (non-
                                              Inc., separate and apart from The                       Trade Size, Sale Condition Modifiers,                    NASDAQ OMX) trading venues as
                                              NASDAQ Stock Market LLC and the                         Cumulative Consolidated Market                           reported via the CTS data feed.14 The
                                              Exchange. As such, NASDAQ OMX                           Volume, End of Day Trade Summary,                        second data point that is not sourced
                                              Information LLC redistributes last sale                 Adjusted Closing Price, IPO                              from NLS, BX Last Sale, and PSX Last
                                              data that has been the subject of a                     Information, and Bloomberg ID (together                  Sale is Bloomberg ID. This composite ID
                                              proposed rule change filed with the                     the ‘‘data elements’’). NLS Plus also                    is a component of Bloomberg’s Open
                                              Commission at prices that also have                     features and disseminates the following                  Symbology and acts as a global security
                                              been the subject of a proposed rule                     messages: Market Wide Circuit Breaker,                   identifier that Bloomberg assigns to
                                              change filed with the Commission. As                    Reg SHO Short Sale Price Test                            securities, and is available free of
                                              discussed below, NASDAQ OMX                             Restricted Indicator, Trading Action,                    charge.15
                                              Information LLC distributes no data that                Symbol Directory, Adjusted Closing                          NLS Plus may be received by itself or
                                              is not equally available to all market                  Price, and End of Day Trade Summary                      in combination with NASDAQ Basic.16
                                              data vendors.                                           (together the ‘‘messages’’).13 The                       In the latter case, the subscriber receives
                                                                                                      overwhelming majority of these data                      all of the elements contained in NLS
                                              The Proposal
                                                                                                      elements and messages are exactly the                    Plus as well as the best bid and best
                                                 The Exchange proposes to add NLS                     same as, and in fact are sourced from,                   offer information provided by NASDAQ
                                              Plus to BX Rule 7039, which currently                   NLS, BX Last Sale, and PSX Last Sale.                    Basic.
                                              describes the BX Last Sale data feed                    Only two data elements (consolidated                        The Exchange believes that market
                                              offering, to fully reflect NLS Plus. NLS                volume and Bloomberg ID) are, as                         data distributors may use the NLS Plus
                                              Plus as proposed to be codified in BX                   discussed below, sourced from other                      data feed to feed stock tickers, portfolio
                                              Rule 7039(b) is exactly the same as NLS                 publicly accessible or obtainable                        trackers, trade alert programs, time and
                                              Plus in NASDAQ Rule 7039(d).                            resources.                                               sale graphs, and other display systems.
                                                 Similar to NLS, NLS Plus offers data                    Consolidated volume reflects the                         The Exchange proposes one
                                              for all U.S. equities via two separate                  consolidated volume at the time that the                 housekeeping change. The Exchange
                                              data channels: the first data channel                   NLS Plus trade message is generated,                     adds the phrase ‘‘BX Last Sale’’ in BX
                                              reflects NASDAQ, BX, and PSX trades                     and includes the volume for the issue                    Rule 7039(a) to make it clear that
                                              with real-time consolidated volume for                  symbol as reported on the consolidated                   section (a) refers to BX Last Sale
                                              NASDAQ-listed securities; and the                       market data feed. The consolidated                       (whereas proposed section (b) refers to
                                              second data channel reflects trades with                volume is based on the real-time trades                  NLS Plus). This change is non-
                                              delayed consolidated volume for NYSE,                   reported via the UTP Trade Data Feed                     substantive.
                                              NYSE MKT, NYSE Arca and BATS-                           (‘‘UTDF’’) and delayed trades reported                      With respect to latency, the path for
                                              listed securities.10 NLS Plus, like NLS,                via CTA. NASDAQ OMX calculates the                       distribution of NLS Plus is not faster
                                              is used by industry professionals and                   real-time trading volume for its trading                 than the path for distribution that would
                                              retail investors looking for a cost                     venues, and then adds the real-time                      be used by a market data vendor to
                                              effective, easy-to-administer, high                     trading volume for the other (non-                       distribute an independently created
                                              quality market data product with the                    NASDAQ OMX) trading venues as                            NLS Plus-like product. As such, the
                                              characteristics of NLS Plus. The                        reported via the UTDF data feed. For                     NLS Plus data feed is a data product
                                              provision of multiple options for                                                                                that a competing market data vendor
                                              investors to receive market data was a                  purposes. See Securities Exchange Act Release No.        could create and sell without being in
                                              primary goal of the market data                         51808 (June 9, 2005), 70 FR 37496, at 37503 (June        a disadvantaged position relative to the
                                              amendments adopted by Regulation                        29, 2005) (Regulation NMS Adopting Release).
                                                                                                         12 See supra note 5.
                                                                                                                                                               Exchange. In recognition that the
                                              NMS.11 Finally, NLS Plus provides                          13 The Reg SHO Short Sale Price Test Restricted       Exchange is the source of its own
                                                                                                      Indicator message is disseminated intra-day when         market data and with NASDAQ and
                                                 8 Registered U.S. exchanges are listed at http://
                                                                                                      a security has a price drop of 10% or more from          PSX being equity markets owned by
                                              www.sec.gov/divisions/marketreg/                        the adjusted prior day’s NASDAQ Official Closing
                                              mrexchanges.shtml.                                                                                               NASDAQ OMX, the Exchange
                                                                                                      Price. Trading Action indicates the current trading
                                                 9 While NLS Plus is described in the NLS Plus
                                                                                                      status of a security to the trading community, and       represents that the source of the market
                                              notice and NLS Plus Approval Order, NLS Plus is         indicates when a security is halted, paused,             data it would use to create proposed
                                              also described online at http://nasdaqtrader.com/       released for quotation, and released for trading.        NLS Plus is available to other vendors.
                                              content/technicalsupport/specifications/                Symbol Directory is disseminated at the start of
                                              dataproducts/NLSPlusSpecification.pdf. In                                                                        In fact, the overwhelming majority of
                                                                                                      each trading day for all active NASDAQ and non-
                                              addition, the annual administrative and other fees      NASDAQ-listed security symbols. Adjusted Closing
                                              for NLS Plus are currently described in NASDAQ          Price is disseminated at the start of each trading day
                                                                                                                                                                 14 In order to distribute data derived from UTDF

                                              Rule 7039(d) and noted at http://nasdaqtrader.com/      for all active symbols in the NASDAQ system, and         and CTA, NASDAQ OMX must pay monthly
                                              Trader.aspx?id=DPUSdata#ls.                             reflects the previous trading day’s official closing     redistributor fees. However, because these fees are
                                                 10 These NLS Plus channels are each made up of
                                                                                                      price adjusted for any applicable corporate actions;     paid on an enterprise-wide basis and NASDAQ
                                              a series of sequenced messages so that each message     if there were no corporate actions, however, the         OMX includes such derived data in other data
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                                              is variable in length based on the message type and     previous day’s official closing price is used. End of    products, the use of the data in NLS Plus does not
                                              is typically delivered using a higher level protocol.   Day Trade Summary is disseminated at the close of        result in an additional incremental cost.
                                                 11 However, the Exchange notes that under Rule                                                                  15 See http://bsym.bloomberg.com/sym/pages/
                                                                                                      each trading day, as a summary for all active
                                              603 of Regulation NMS, see 17 CFR 242.603(c), NLS       NASDAQ- and non-NASDAQ-listed securities. IPO            bbgid-fact-sheet.pdf; http://bsym.bloomberg.com/
                                              Plus cannot be substituted for consolidated data in     Information reflects IPO general administrative          sym/pages/NASDAQ_Adopts_BSYM.pdf.
                                              all instances in which consolidated data is used and    messages from the UTP and CTA Level 1 feeds for            16 As provided in NASDAQ Rule 7047, NASDAQ

                                              certain subscribers are still required to purchase      Initial Public Offerings for all NASDAQ- and non-        Basic provides the information contained in NLS,
                                              consolidated data for trading and order-routing         NASDAQ-listed securities.                                together with NASDAQ’s best bid and best offer.



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                                                                          Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 161 / Thursday, August 20, 2015 / Notices                                                    50673

                                              the data elements and messages 17 in                    aggregation and consolidation function                7039(b) is modelled, was consistent
                                              NLS Plus are exactly the same as, and                   for NLS Plus, and would not be lower                  with the Act.22 The Commission has
                                              in fact are sourced from, NLS, BX Last                  than the cost to a vendor creating a                  also recently approved data products on
                                              Sale, and PSX Last Sale, each of which                  competing product, including the cost                 several exchanges that are similar to
                                              is available to other market data                       of receiving the underlying data feeds.               NLS Plus, and specifically determined
                                              vendors.18 The Exchange, NASDAQ,                        The pricing the Exchange would charge                 that the approved data products were
                                              and PSX will continue to make available                 clients for NLS Plus would enable a                   consistent with the Act.23 NLS Plus
                                              these individual underlying data                        vendor to receive the underlying data                 provides market participants with an
                                              elements, and thus, the source of the                   feeds and offer a similar product on a                additional option for receiving market
                                              market data that would be used to create                competitive basis and with no greater                 data that has already been the subject of
                                              the proposed NLS Plus is the same as                    cost than the Exchange. For these                     a proposed rule change and that is
                                              what is available to other market data                  reasons, the Exchange believes that                   available from many market data
                                              vendors.                                                vendors could readily offer a product                 vendors.
                                                 In order to create NLS Plus, the                     similar to NLS Plus on a competitive                     In adopting Regulation NMS, the
                                              system creating and supporting NLS                      basis at a similar cost.                              Commission granted SROs and broker-
                                              Plus receives the individual data feeds                    As described in more detail below,                 dealers (‘‘BDs’’) increased authority and
                                              from each of the NASDAQ OMX equity                      the Exchange believes that the NLS Plus               flexibility to offer new and unique
                                              markets and, in turn, aggregates and                    data offering benefits the public and                 market data to the public. It was
                                              summarizes that data to create NLS Plus                 investors and that the proposal is                    believed that this authority would
                                              and then distribute it to end users. This               consistent with the Act.                              expand the amount of data available to
                                              is the same process that a competing                                                                          consumers, and also spur innovation
                                                                                                      2. Statutory Basis                                    and competition for the provision of
                                              market data vendor would undergo
                                              should it want to create a market data                     The Exchange believes that the                     market data. The Exchange believes that
                                              product similar to NLS Plus to                          proposed rule change is consistent with               the NLS Plus market data product is
                                              distribute to its end users. A competing                the provisions of Section 6 of the Act,19             precisely the sort of market data product
                                              market data vendor could receive the                    in general, and with Section 6(b)(5) of               that the Commission envisioned when it
                                              individual data feeds from each of the                  the Act,20 in particular, in that the                 adopted Regulation NMS. The
                                              NASDAQ OMX equity markets at the                        proposal is designed to prevent                       Commission concluded that Regulation
                                              same time the system creating and                       fraudulent and manipulative acts and                  NMS—by deregulating the market in
                                              supporting NLS Plus would for it to                     practices, to promote just and equitable              proprietary data—would itself further
                                              create NLS Plus. Therefore, a competing                 principles of trade, to foster cooperation            the Act’s goals of facilitating efficiency
                                              market data vendor could, as discussed,                 and coordination with persons engaged                 and competition:
                                              obtain the underlying data elements                     in regulating, clearing, settling,                    [E]fficiency is promoted when broker-dealers
                                              from the NASDAQ OMX equity markets                      processing information with respect to,               who do not need the data beyond the prices,
                                              on the same latency basis as the system                 and facilitating transactions in                      sizes, market center identifications of the
                                              that would be performing the                            securities, to remove impediments to                  NBBO and consolidated last sale information
                                              aggregation and consolidation of                        and perfect the mechanism of a free and               are not required to receive (and pay for) such
                                                                                                      open market and a national market                     data. The Commission also believes that
                                              proposed NLS Plus, and provide a                                                                              efficiency is promoted when broker-dealers
                                              similar product to its customers with                   system, and, in general, to protect
                                                                                                                                                            may choose to receive (and pay for)
                                              the same latency they could achieve by                  investors and the public interest.                    additional market data based on their own
                                              purchasing NLS Plus from the                               The proposal is to add section (b) to              internal analysis of the need for such data.24
                                              Exchange. As such, the Exchange would                   BX Rule 7039 regarding the NLS Plus
                                                                                                      data offering. The Exchange believes                  By removing unnecessary regulatory
                                              not have any unfair advantage over                                                                            restrictions on the ability of exchanges
                                              competing market data vendors with                      that the proposal facilitates transactions
                                                                                                      in securities, removes impediments to                 to sell their own data, Regulation NMS
                                              respect to NLS Plus. Moreover, in terms                                                                       advanced the goals of the Act and the
                                              of NLS itself, the Exchange would                       and perfects the mechanism of a free
                                                                                                      and open market and a national market                 principles reflected in its legislative
                                              access the underlying feed from the                                                                           history. If the free market should
                                              same point as would a market data                       system, and, in general, protects
                                                                                                      investors and the public interest by                  determine whether proprietary data is
                                              vendor; as discussed, the Exchange                                                                            sold to BDs at all, it follows that the
                                              would not have a speed advantage.                       making permanent the availability of an
                                                                                                      additional means by which investors                   price at which such data is sold should
                                              Likewise, NLS Plus would not have any                                                                         be set by the market as well.
                                              speed advantage vis-à-vis competing                    may access information about securities
                                                                                                      transactions, thereby providing                         The Exchange will file a separate
                                              market data vendors with respect to                                                                           proposal regarding NLS Plus fees.25 The
                                              access to end user customers.                           investors with additional options for
                                                                                                      accessing information that may help to                decision of the United States Court of
                                                 With regard to cost, the Exchange will                                                                     Appeals for the District of Columbia
                                              file a separate proposal with the                       inform their trading decisions. Given
                                                                                                      that Section 11A the Act 21 requires the              Circuit in NetCoalition v. SEC, 615 F.3d
                                              Commission regarding fees that will be                                                                        525 (D.C. Cir. 2010) (‘‘NetCoalition I’’),
                                              similar in nature to NASDAQ Rule                        dissemination of last sale reports in core
                                              7039(d). The proposal would be                          data, the Exchange believes that the                     22 See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 75257
                                              designed to ensure that vendors could                   inclusion of the same data in NLS Plus                (June 22, 2015), 80 FR 36862 (June 26, 2015) (SR–
                                              compete with the Exchange by creating                   is also consistent with the Act.                      NASDAQ–2015–055).
                                              a similar product as NLS Plus. The                         The Exchange notes that the                           23 See supra note 5.
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                                              Exchange expects that the pricing will                  Commission has determined that the                       24 See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 51808

                                                                                                      inclusion of NLS Plus in NASDAQ Rule                  (June 9, 2005), 70 FR 37496 (June 29, 2005).
                                              reflect the incremental cost of the                                                                              25 The Exchange expects that the fee structure for
                                                                                                      7039(d), upon which proposed BX Rule
                                                                                                                                                            NLS Plus will reflect an amount that is no less than
                                                17 Seetext related to notes 14 and 15 supra.                                                                the cost to a market data vendor to obtain all the
                                                18 Only                                                 19 15 U.S.C. 78f.
                                                        two data elements are, as discussed                                                                 underlying feeds, plus an amount to be determined
                                                                                                        20 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(5).
                                              above, sourced from other publicly accessible or                                                              that would reflect the value of the aggregation and
                                              obtainable resources.                                     21 15 U.S.C. 78k–1.                                 consolidation function.



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                                              50674                          Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 161 / Thursday, August 20, 2015 / Notices

                                              upheld the Commission’s reliance upon                      compete to attract order flow. To the                 proprietary products themselves.
                                              competitive markets to set reasonable                      extent that exchanges are successful in               Numerous exchanges compete with
                                              and equitably allocated fees for market                    such competition, they earn trading                   each other for listings, trades, and
                                              data. ‘‘In fact, the legislative history                   revenues and also enhance the value of                market data itself, providing virtually
                                              indicates that the Congress intended                       their data products by increasing the                 limitless opportunities for entrepreneurs
                                              that the market system ‘evolve through                     amount of data they are able to provide.              who wish to produce and distribute
                                              the interplay of competitive forces as                     Conversely, to the extent that exchanges              their own market data. This proprietary
                                              unnecessary regulatory restrictions are                    are unsuccessful, the inputs needed to                data is produced by each individual
                                              removed’ and that the SEC wield its                        add value to data products are                        exchange, as well as other entities, in a
                                              regulatory power ‘in those situations                      diminished. Accordingly, the need to                  vigorously competitive market.
                                              where competition may not be                               compete for order flow places                         Similarly, with respect to the FINRA/
                                              sufficient,’ such as in the creation of a                  substantial pressure upon exchanges to                NASDAQ TRF data that is a component
                                              ‘consolidated transactional reporting                      keep their fees for both executions and               of NLS and NLS Plus, allowing
                                              system.’ NetCoalition I, at 535 (quoting                   data reasonable.                                      exchanges to operate TRFs has
                                              H.R. Rep. No. 94–229, at 92 (1975), as                                                                           permitted them to earn revenues by
                                                                                                         B. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
                                              reprinted in 1975 U.S.C.C.A.N. 321,                                                                              providing technology and data in
                                                                                                         Statement on Burden on Competition
                                              323). The court agreed with the                                                                                  support of the non-exchange segment of
                                              Commission’s conclusion that                                  The Exchange does not believe that                 the market. This revenue opportunity
                                              ‘‘Congress intended that ‘competitive                      the proposed rule change will result in               has also resulted in fierce competition
                                              forces should dictate the services and                     any burden on competition that is not                 between the two current TRF operators,
                                              practices that constitute the U.S.                         necessary or appropriate in furtherance               with both TRFs charging extremely low
                                              national market system for trading                         of the purposes of the Act, as amended.               trade reporting fees and rebating the
                                              equity securities.’ ’’ 26                                  As is true of all NASDAQ’s non-core                   majority of the revenues they receive
                                                 The Court in NetCoalition I, while                      data products, NASDAQ’s ability to                    from core market data to the parties
                                              upholding the Commission’s conclusion                      offer and price NLS Plus is constrained               reporting trades.
                                              that competitive forces may be relied                      by: (1) Competition between exchanges                    Transaction execution and proprietary
                                              upon to establish the fairness of prices,                  and other trading platforms that                      data products are complementary in that
                                              nevertheless concluded that the record                     compete with each other in a variety of               market data is both an input and a
                                              in that case did not adequately support                    dimensions; (2) the existence of                      byproduct of the execution service. In
                                              the Commission’s conclusions as to the                     inexpensive real-time consolidated data               fact, market data and trade execution are
                                              competitive nature of the market for                       and market-specific data and free                     a paradigmatic example of joint
                                              NYSE Arca’s data product at issue in                       delayed consolidated data; and (3) the                products with joint costs. The decision
                                              that case. As explained below in the                       inherent contestability of the market for             whether and on which platform to post
                                              Exchange’s Statement on Burden on                          proprietary last sale data.                           an order will depend on the attributes
                                              Competition, however, the Exchange                            In addition, as described in detail                of the platform where the order can be
                                              believes that there is substantial                         above, NLS Plus competes directly with                posted, including the execution fees,
                                              evidence of competition in the                             a myriad of similar products and                      data quality and price, and distribution
                                              marketplace for data that was not in the                   potential products of market data                     of its data products. Without trade
                                              record in the NetCoalition I case, and                     vendors. NASDAQ OMX Information                       executions, exchange data products
                                              that the Commission is entitled to rely                    LLC was constructed specifically to                   cannot exist. Moreover, data products
                                              upon such evidence in concluding fees                      establish a level playing field with                  are valuable to many end users only
                                              are the product of competition, and                        market data vendors and to preserve fair              insofar as they provide information that
                                              therefore in accordance with the                           competition between them. Therefore,                  end users expect will assist them or
                                              relevant statutory standards.27                            NASDAQ OMX Information LLC                            their customers in making trading
                                              Moreover, the Exchange further notes                       receives NLS, BX Last Sale, and PSX                   decisions.
                                              that the product at issue in this filing—                  Last Sale from each NASDAQ-operated                      The costs of producing market data
                                              a last sale data product that replicates a                 exchange in the same manner, at the                   include not only the costs of the data
                                              subset of the information available                        same speed, and reflecting the same fees              distribution infrastructure, but also the
                                              through ‘‘core’’ data products whose                       as for all market data vendors.                       costs of designing, maintaining, and
                                              fees have been reviewed and approved                       Therefore, NASDAQ Information LLC                     operating the exchange’s transaction
                                              by the SEC—is quite different from the                     has no competitive advantage with                     execution platform and the cost of
                                              NYSE Arca depth-of-book data product                       respect to these last sale products and               regulating the exchange to ensure its fair
                                              at issue in NetCoalition I. Accordingly,                   NASDAQ commits to maintaining this                    operation and maintain investor
                                              any findings of the court with respect to                  level playing field in the future. In other           confidence. The total return that a
                                              that product may not be relevant to the                    words, NASDAQ will continue to                        trading platform earns reflects the
                                              product at issue in this filing.                           disseminate separately the underlying                 revenues it receives from both products
                                                 Moreover, data products such as NLS                     last sale products to avoid creating a                and the joint costs it incurs. Moreover,
                                              Plus are a means by which exchanges                        latency differential between NASDAQ                   the operation of the exchange is
                                                                                                         OMX Information LLC and other market                  characterized by high fixed costs and
                                                26 NetCoalition   I, at 535.                             data vendors, and to avoid creating a                 low marginal costs. This cost structure
                                                27 Itshould also be noted that Section 916 of the        pricing advantage for NASDAQ OMX                      is common in content and content
                                              Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer                 Information LLC.                                      distribution industries such as software,
                                              Protection Act of 2010 (‘‘Dodd-Frank Act’’) has
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                                              amended paragraph (A) of Section 19(b)(3) of the
                                                                                                            NLS Plus joins the existing market for             where developing new software
                                              Act, 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(3), to make it clear that all        proprietary last sale data products that              typically requires a large initial
                                              exchange fees, including fees for market data, may         is currently competitive and inherently               investment (and continuing large
                                              be filed by exchanges on an immediately effective          contestable because there is fierce                   investments to upgrade the software),
                                              basis. See also NetCoalition v. SEC, 715 F.3d 342
                                              (D.C. Cir. 2013) (‘‘NetCoalition II’’) (finding no
                                                                                                         competition for the inputs necessary to               but once the software is developed, the
                                              jurisdiction to review Commission’s non-                   the creation of proprietary data and                  incremental cost of providing that
                                              suspension of immediately effective fee changes).          strict pricing discipline for the                     software to an additional user is


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                                                                          Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 161 / Thursday, August 20, 2015 / Notices                                           50675

                                              typically small, or even zero (e.g., if the                Similarly, in the case of products such            them to charge lower direct fees for
                                              software can be downloaded over the                     as NLS Plus that are distributed through              executions and data.
                                              internet after being purchased).28 In the               market data vendors, the vendors                         In this environment, there is no
                                              Exchange’s case, it is costly to build and              provide price discipline for proprietary              economic basis for regulating maximum
                                              maintain a trading platform, but the                    data products because they control the                prices for one of the joint products in an
                                              incremental cost of trading each                        primary means of access to end users.                 industry in which suppliers face
                                              additional share on an existing platform,               Vendors impose price restraints based                 competitive constraints with regard to
                                              or distributing an additional instance of               upon their business models. For                       the joint offering. Such regulation is
                                              data, is very low. Market information                   example, vendors such as Bloomberg                    unnecessary because an ‘‘excessive’’
                                              and executions are each produced                        and Reuters that assess a surcharge on                price for one of the joint products will
                                              jointly (in the sense that the activities of            data they sell may refuse to offer                    ultimately have to be reflected in lower
                                              trading and placing orders are the                      proprietary products that end users will              prices for other products sold by the
                                              source of the information that is                       not purchase in sufficient numbers.                   firm, or otherwise the firm will
                                              distributed) and are each subject to                                                                          experience a loss in the volume of its
                                                                                                      Internet portals, such as Google, impose
                                              significant scale economies. In such                                                                          sales that will be adverse to its overall
                                                                                                      a discipline by providing only data that
                                              cases, marginal cost pricing is not                                                                           profitability. In other words, an increase
                                                                                                      will enable them to attract ‘‘eyeballs’’
                                              feasible because if all sales were priced                                                                     in the price of data will ultimately have
                                                                                                      that contribute to their advertising                  to be accompanied by a decrease in the
                                              at the margin, the Exchange would be
                                                                                                      revenue. Retail BDs, such as Schwab                   cost of executions, or the volume of both
                                              unable to defray its platform costs of
                                                                                                      and Fidelity, offer their customers                   data and executions will fall.
                                              providing the joint products. Similarly,
                                                                                                      proprietary data only if it promotes                     The level of competition and
                                              data products cannot make use of TRF
                                              trade reports without the raw material of               trading and generates sufficient                      contestability in the market is evident in
                                              the trade reports themselves, and                       commission revenue. Although the                      the numerous alternative venues that
                                              therefore necessitate the costs of                      business models may differ, these                     compete for order flow, including
                                              operating, regulating,29 and maintaining                vendors’ pricing discipline is the same:              eleven SRO markets, as well as
                                              a trade reporting system, costs that must               They can simply refuse to purchase any                internalizing BDs and various forms of
                                              be covered through the fees charged for                 proprietary data product that fails to                alternative trading systems (‘‘ATSs’’),
                                              use of the facility and sales of associated             provide sufficient value. Exchanges,                  including dark pools and electronic
                                              data.                                                   TRFs, and other producers of                          communication networks (‘‘ECNs’’).
                                                 An exchange’s BD customers view the                  proprietary data products must                        Each SRO market competes to produce
                                              costs of transaction executions and of                  understand and respond to these                       transaction reports via trade executions,
                                              data as a unified cost of doing business                varying business models and pricing                   and two FINRA-regulated TRFs compete
                                              with the exchange. A BD will direct                     disciplines in order to market                        to attract internalized transaction
                                              orders to a particular exchange only if                 proprietary data products successfully.               reports. It is common for BDs to further
                                              the expected revenues from executing                    Moreover, the Exchange believes that                  and exploit this competition by sending
                                              trades on the exchange exceed net                       products such as NLS Plus can enhance                 their order flow and transaction reports
                                              transaction execution costs and the cost                order flow to the Exchange by providing               to multiple markets, rather than
                                              of data that the BD chooses to buy to                   more widespread distribution of                       providing them all to a single market.
                                              support its trading decisions (or those of              information about transactions in real                Competitive markets for order flow,
                                              its customers). The choice of data                      time, thereby encouraging wider                       executions, and transaction reports
                                              products is, in turn, a product of the                  participation in the market by investors              provide pricing discipline for the inputs
                                              value of the products in making                         with access to the internet or television.            of proprietary data products.
                                              profitable trading decisions. If the cost               Conversely, the value of such products                   The large number of SROs, TRFs, BDs,
                                              of the product exceeds its expected                     to distributors and investors decreases if            and ATSs that currently produce
                                              value, the BD will choose not to buy it.                order flow falls, because the products                proprietary data or are currently capable
                                              Moreover, as a BD chooses to direct                     contain less content.                                 of producing it provides further pricing
                                              fewer orders to a particular exchange,                                                                        discipline for proprietary data products.
                                                                                                         Competition among trading platforms                Each SRO, TRF, ATS, and BD is
                                              the value of the product to that BD                     can be expected to constrain the                      currently permitted to produce
                                              decreases, for two reasons. First, the                  aggregate return each platform earns                  proprietary data products, and many
                                              product will contain less information,                  from the sale of its joint products, but              currently do or have announced plans to
                                              because executions of the BD’s trading                  different platforms may choose from a                 do so, including NASDAQ, NYSE,
                                              activity will not be reflected in it.                   range of possible, and equally                        NYSE MKT, NYSE Arca, and BATS/
                                              Second, and perhaps more important,                     reasonable, pricing strategies as the                 Direct Edge.
                                              the product will be less valuable to that               means of recovering total costs. The                     Any ATS or BD can combine with any
                                              BD because it does not provide                          Exchange pays rebates for orders that                 other ATS, BD, or multiple ATSs or BDs
                                              information about the venue to which it                 access liquidity, charges relatively low              to produce joint proprietary data
                                              is directing its orders. Data from the                  prices for market information and                     products. Additionally, order routers
                                              competing venue to which the BD is                      charges relatively low prices for orders              and market data vendors can facilitate
                                              directing orders will become                            providing liquidity. Other platforms                  single or multiple BDs’ production of
                                              correspondingly more valuable.                          may choose a strategy of paying rebates               proprietary data products. The potential
                                                 28 See William J. Baumol and Daniel G. Swanson,
                                                                                                      to attract liquidity, and setting relatively          sources of proprietary products are
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                                              ‘‘The New Economy and Ubiquitous Competitive
                                                                                                      higher prices for market information.                 virtually limitless. Notably, the
                                              Price Discrimination: Identifying Defensible Criteria   Still others may provide most data free               potential sources of data include the
                                              of Market Power,’’ Antitrust Law Journal, Vol. 70,      of charge and rely exclusively on                     BDs that submit trade reports to TRFs
                                              No. 3 (2003).                                           transaction fees to recover their costs.              and that have the ability to consolidate
                                                 29 It should be noted that the costs of operating

                                              the FINRA/NASDAQ TRF borne by NASDAQ
                                                                                                      Finally, some platforms may incentivize               and distribute their data without the
                                              include regulatory charges paid by NASDAQ to            use by providing opportunities for                    involvement of FINRA or an exchange-
                                              FINRA.                                                  equity ownership, which may allow                     operated TRF.


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                                              50676                       Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 161 / Thursday, August 20, 2015 / Notices

                                                 The fact that proprietary data from                  market.31 Given the demand for trade                   doing business with the platform, and
                                              ATSs, BDs, and vendors can by-pass                      reporting services that is itself a by-                affected BDs will assess whether they
                                              SROs is significant in two respects.                    product of the fierce competition for                  can lower their trading costs by
                                              First, non-SROs can compete directly                    transaction executions—characterized                   directing orders elsewhere and thereby
                                              with SROs for the production and sale                   notably by a proliferation of ATSs and                 lessening the need for the more
                                              of proprietary data products, as BATS                   BDs offering internalization—any supra-                expensive data. Similarly, increases in
                                              and NYSE Arca did before registering as                 competitive increase in the fees                       the cost of NLS Plus would impair the
                                              exchanges by publishing proprietary                     associated with trade reporting or TRF                 willingness of distributors to take a
                                              book data on the internet. Second,                      data would shift trade report volumes                  product for which there are numerous
                                              because a single order or transaction                   from one of the existing TRFs to the                   alternatives, impacting NLS Plus data
                                              report can appear in a core data product,               other 32 and create incentives for other               revenues, the value of NLS Plus as a tool
                                              an SRO proprietary product, and/or a                    TRF operators to enter the space.                      for attracting order flow, and ultimately,
                                              non-SRO proprietary product, the data                   Alternatively, because BDs reporting to                the volume of orders routed to the
                                              available in proprietary products is                    TRFs are themselves free to consolidate                Exchange and the value of its other data
                                              exponentially greater than the actual                   the market data that they report, the                  products.
                                              number of orders and transaction                        market for over-the-counter data itself,
                                                                                                      separate and apart from the markets for                C. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
                                              reports that exist in the marketplace.
                                                                                                      execution and trade reporting services—                Statement on Comments on the
                                              Indeed, in the case of NLS Plus, the data
                                                                                                      is fully contestable.                                  Proposed Rule Change Received From
                                              provided through that product appears
                                                                                                         Moreover, consolidated data provides                Members, Participants, or Others
                                              both in (i) real-time core data products
                                              offered by the SIPs for a fee, (ii) free SIP            two additional measures of pricing                       No written comments were either
                                              data products with a 15-minute time                     discipline for proprietary data products               solicited or received.
                                              delay, and (iii) individual exchange data               that are a subset of the consolidated data
                                                                                                      stream. First, the consolidated data is                III. Date of Effectiveness of the
                                              products, and finds a close substitute in                                                                      Proposed Rule Change and Timing for
                                              last-sale products of competing venues.                 widely available in real-time at $1 per
                                                                                                      month for non-professional users.                      Commission Action
                                                 In addition to the competition and
                                              price discipline described above, the                   Second, consolidated data is also                         Because the foregoing proposed rule
                                              market for proprietary data products is                 available at no cost with a 15- or 20-                 change does not: (i) Significantly affect
                                              also highly contestable because market                  minute delay. Because consolidated                     the protection of investors or the public
                                                                                                      data contains marketwide information,                  interest; (ii) impose any significant
                                              entry is rapid, inexpensive, and
                                                                                                      it effectively places a cap on the fees                burden on competition; and (iii) become
                                              profitable. The history of electronic
                                                                                                      assessed for proprietary data (such as                 operative for 30 days from the date on
                                              trading is replete with examples of
                                                                                                      last sale data) that is simply a subset of             which it was filed, or such shorter time
                                              entrants that swiftly grew into some of
                                                                                                      the consolidated data. The mere                        as the Commission may designate, it has
                                              the largest electronic trading platforms
                                                                                                      availability of low-cost or free                       become effective pursuant to Section
                                              and proprietary data producers:
                                                                                                      consolidated data provides a powerful                  19(b)(3)(A) 33 of the Act and
                                              Archipelago, Bloomberg Tradebook,
                                                                                                      form of pricing discipline for                         subparagraph (f)(6) of Rule 19b–4
                                              Island, RediBook, Attain, TracECN,
                                                                                                      proprietary data products that contain                 thereunder.34
                                              BATS Trading and BATS/Direct Edge. A
                                                                                                      data elements that are a subset of the                    At any time within 60 days of the
                                              proliferation of dark pools and other                   consolidated data, by highlighting the
                                              ATSs operate profitably with                                                                                   filing of the proposed rule change, the
                                                                                                      optional nature of proprietary products.               Commission summarily may
                                              fragmentary shares of consolidated                         In this environment, a super-
                                              market volume.                                                                                                 temporarily suspend such rule change if
                                                                                                      competitive increase in the fees charged               it appears to the Commission that such
                                                 Regulation NMS, by deregulating the                  for either transactions or data has the                action is: (i) Necessary or appropriate in
                                              market for proprietary data, has                        potential to impair revenues from both                 the public interest; (ii) for the protection
                                              increased the contestability of that                    products. ‘‘No one disputes that                       of investors; or (iii) otherwise in
                                              market. While BDs have previously                       competition for order flow is ‘fierce’.’’              furtherance of the purposes of the Act.
                                              published their proprietary data                        NetCoalition I at 539. The existence of                If the Commission takes such action, the
                                              individually, Regulation NMS                            fierce competition for order flow                      Commission shall institute proceedings
                                              encourages market data vendors and                      implies a high degree of price sensitivity             to determine whether the proposed rule
                                              BDs to produce proprietary products                     on the part of BDs with order flow, since              change should be approved or
                                              cooperatively in a manner never before                  they may readily reduce costs by                       disapproved.
                                              possible. Multiple market data vendors                  directing orders toward the lowest-cost
                                              already have the capability to aggregate                trading venues. A BD that shifted its                  IV. Solicitation of Comments
                                              data and disseminate it on a profitable                 order flow from one platform to another                  Interested persons are invited to
                                              scale, including Bloomberg and                          in response to order execution price                   submit written data, views, and
                                              Thomson Reuters. In Europe, Cinnober                    differentials would both reduce the                    arguments concerning the foregoing,
                                              aggregates and disseminates data from                   value of that platform’s market data and               including whether the proposed rule
                                              over 40 brokers and multilateral trading                reduce its own need to consume data                    change is consistent with the Act.
                                              facilities.30                                           from the disfavored platform. If a                     Comments may be submitted by any of
                                                 In the case of TRFs, the rapid entry of              platform increases its market data fees,               the following methods:
                                              several exchanges into this space in                    the change will affect the overall cost of
                                                                                                                                                             Electronic Comments
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                                              2006–2007 following the development
                                              and Commission approval of the TRF                        31 The   low cost exit of two TRFs from the market     • Use the Commission’s Internet
                                              structure demonstrates the                              is also evidence of a contestable market, because      comment form (http://www.sec.gov/
                                                                                                      new entrants are reluctant to enter a market where
                                              contestability of this aspect of the                    exit may involve substantial shut-down costs.          rules/sro.shtml); or
                                                                                                         32 It should be noted that the FINRA/NYSE TRF
                                                30 See http://www.cinnober.com/boat-trade-                                                                    33 15   U.S.C. 78s(b)(3)(A).
                                                                                                      has, in recent weeks, received reports for almost
                                              reporting.                                              10% of all over-the-counter volume in NMS stocks.       34 17   CFR 240.19b–4(f)(6).



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                                                                               Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 161 / Thursday, August 20, 2015 / Notices                                               50677

                                                • Send an email to rule-comments@                       SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE                                any comments it received on the
                                              sec.gov. Please include File Number SR–                   COMMISSION                                             proposed rule change. The text of these
                                              BX–2015–047 on the subject line.                                                                                 statements may be examined at the
                                                                                                        [Release No. 34–75699; File No. SR–CBOE–
                                                                                                                                                               places specified in Item IV below. The
                                              Paper Comments                                            2015–069]
                                                                                                                                                               Exchange has prepared summaries, set
                                                • Send paper comments in triplicate                     Self-Regulatory Organizations;                         forth in sections A, B, and C below, of
                                                                                                        Chicago Board Options Exchange,                        the most significant aspects of such
                                              to Secretary, Securities and Exchange
                                                                                                        Incorporated; Notice of Filing and                     statements.
                                              Commission, 100 F Street NE.,
                                              Washington, DC 20549–1090.                                Immediate Effectiveness of a Proposed                  A. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
                                                                                                        Rule Change To Delay the                               Statement of the Purpose of, and
                                              All submissions should refer to File                      Implementation Date of the Rule                        Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule
                                              Number SR–BX–2015–047. This file                          Change To Allow Market Orders To                       Change
                                              number should be included on the                          Sell in No-Bid Series To Be Entered
                                              subject line if email is used. To help the                Into the Electronic Order Book From a                  1. Purpose
                                              Commission process and review your                        PAR Workstation                                           On October 22, 2014, rule change SR–
                                              comments more efficiently, please use                                                                            CBOE–2014–067 5 became effective. The
                                                                                                        August 14, 2015.                                       filing amended Rule 6.13(b)(vi) to
                                              only one method. The Commission will
                                              post all comments on the Commission’s                        Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the                 increase the $0.30 parameter to $0.50.
                                                                                                        Securities Exchange Act of 1934                        Although not contained in the amended
                                              Internet Web site (http://www.sec.gov/
                                                                                                        (‘‘Act’’),1 and Rule 19b–4 thereunder,2                rule text, the filing also amended Rule
                                              rules/sro.shtml).
                                                                                                        notice is hereby given that, on August                 6.13(b)(vi) to allow market orders to sell
                                                 Copies of the submission, all                          3, 2015, Chicago Board Options                         in no-bid series that get routed to a PAR
                                              subsequent amendments, all written                        Exchange, Incorporated (the ‘‘Exchange’’               workstation of a TPH User to be entered
                                              statements with respect to the proposed                   or ‘‘CBOE’’) filed with the Securities                 into the electronic order book at the
                                              rule change that are filed with the                       and Exchange Commission (the                           minimum increment.6 The filing
                                              Commission, and all written                               ‘‘Commission’’) the proposed rule                      indicated that the implementation date
                                              communications relating to the                            change as described in Items I, II, and                of the amendments would be no later
                                              proposed rule change between the                          III below, which Items have been                       than 180 days following the effective
                                              Commission and any person, other than                     prepared by the Exchange. The                          date of the filing (i.e., no later than April
                                              those that may be withheld from the                       Exchange filed the proposal as a ‘‘non-                28, 2015). Although the parameter
                                              public in accordance with the                             controversial’’ proposed rule change                   change from $0.30 to $0.50 was
                                              provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be                       pursuant to Section 19(b)(3)(A)(iii) of                implemented,7 the Exchange filed SR–
                                              available for Web site viewing and                        the Act 3 and Rule 19b–4(f)(6)                         CBOE–2015–034 in order to delay the
                                              printing in the Commission’s Public                       thereunder.4 The Commission is                         implementation date of the change to
                                              Reference Room, 100 F Street NE.,                         publishing this notice to solicit                      allow market orders to sell in no-bid
                                              Washington, DC 20549, on official                         comments on the proposed rule change                   series to be entered into the electronic
                                              business days between the hours of                        from interested persons.                               order book from a PAR workstation.8
                                              10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. Copies of the                    I. Self-Regulatory Organization’s                      The Exchange is still in the process of
                                                                                                        Statement of the Terms of Substance of                 making the necessary modifications to
                                              filing also will be available for
                                                                                                        the Proposed Rule Change                               the CBOE Hybrid System (the ‘‘System’’)
                                              inspection and copying at the principal
                                                                                                                                                               to allow market orders to sell in no-bid
                                              office of the Exchange. All comments                         The Exchange proposes to delay the                  series that get routed to a PAR
                                              received will be posted without change;                   implementation date of the rule change                 workstation to be entered into the
                                              the Commission does not edit personal                     to allow market orders to sell in no-bid               electronic order book at the minimum
                                              identifying information from                              series to be entered into the electronic               increment.
                                              submissions. You should submit only                       book from a PAR workstation. There is                     The Exchange does not believe the
                                              information that you wish to make                         no proposed change to the rule                         modifications to the System will be
                                              available publicly.                                       language. The text of the proposed rule                completed prior to the current
                                                 All submissions should refer to File                   change is available on the Exchange’s                  September deadline; therefore, the
                                              Number SR–BX–2015–047 and should                          Web site (http://www.cboe.com/                         Exchange seeks to delay the
                                              be submitted on or before September 10,                   AboutCBOE/                                             implementation date deadline for the
                                              2015.                                                     CBOELegalRegulatoryHome.aspx), at                      portion of SR–CBOE–2014–067 related
                                                                                                        the Exchange’s Office of the Secretary,                to allowing market orders to sell in no-
                                                For the Commission, by the Division of                  and at the Commission’s Public                         bid series that were routed to a PAR
                                              Trading and Markets, pursuant to delegated                Reference Room.                                        workstation to be entered into the
                                              authority.35                                                                                                     electronic order book. The Exchange
                                                                                                        II. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
                                              Robert W. Errett,                                                                                                will announce the implementation date
                                                                                                        Statement of the Purpose of, and
                                              Deputy Secretary.                                                                                                in a Regulatory Circular to be published
                                                                                                        Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule
                                              [FR Doc. 2015–20549 Filed 8–19–15; 8:45 am]                                                                      at least 60 days prior to the
                                                                                                        Change
                                              BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
                                                                                                           In its filing with the Commission, the                 5 Securities Exchange Act Release No. 34–73487

                                                                                                        Exchange included statements                           (October 31, 2014), 79 FR 66016 (November 6, 2014)
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                                                                                                        concerning the purpose of and basis for                (SR–CBOE–2014–067).
                                                                                                                                                                  6 Id. at 66017.
                                                                                                        the proposed rule change and discussed                    7 See CBOE Regulatory Circular RG15–002—

                                                                                                                                                               Automatic Order Handling Process in No-bid Series
                                                                                                          1 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).                               (January 2, 2015).
                                                                                                          2 17 CFR 240.19b–4.                                     8 Securities Exchange Act Release No. 74654
                                                                                                          3 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(3)(A)(iii).
                                                                                                                                                               (April 6, 2015), 80 FR 19388 (April 10, 2015) (SR–
                                                35 17   CFR 200.30–3(a)(12).                              4 17 CFR 240.19b–4(f)(6).                            CBOE–2015–034).



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Document Created: 2015-12-15 11:08:29
Document Modified: 2015-12-15 11:08:29
CategoryRegulatory Information
CollectionFederal Register
sudoc ClassAE 2.7:
GS 4.107:
AE 2.106:
PublisherOffice of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Administration
SectionNotices
FR Citation80 FR 50671 

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