80_FR_68582 80 FR 68369 - U.S. Bank National Association; Notice of Application

80 FR 68369 - U.S. Bank National Association; Notice of Application

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Federal Register Volume 80, Issue 213 (November 4, 2015)

Page Range68369-68371
FR Document2015-28069

Federal Register, Volume 80 Issue 213 (Wednesday, November 4, 2015)
[Federal Register Volume 80, Number 213 (Wednesday, November 4, 2015)]
[Notices]
[Pages 68369-68371]
From the Federal Register Online  [www.thefederalregister.org]
[FR Doc No: 2015-28069]


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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

[Investment Company Act Release No. 31886; File No. 812-14404]


U.S. Bank National Association; Notice of Application

October 29, 2015.
AGENCY: Securities and Exchange Commission (``Commission'').

ACTION: Notice of an application under Section 6(c) of the Investment 
Company Act of 1940 (``Act'') for an exemption from certain 
requirements of Rule 3a-7(a)(4)(i) under the Act.

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    Summary of Application: Applicant requests an order that would 
permit an issuer of asset-backed securities (``ABS'') that is not 
registered as an investment company under the Act in reliance on Rule 
3a-7 under the Act (an ``Issuer'') to appoint the applicant as a 
trustee in connection with the Issuer's ABS when the applicant is 
affiliated with an underwriter for the Issuer's ABS.
    Applicant: U.S. Bank National Association.
    Filing Dates: The application was filed on December 19, 2014 and 
amended on June 4, 2015, and September 29, 2015.
    Hearing or Notification of Hearing: An order granting the 
application will be issued unless the Commission orders a hearing. 
Interested persons may request a hearing by writing to the Commission's 
Secretary and serving applicant with a copy of the request, personally 
or by mail. Hearing requests should be received by the Commission by 
5:30 p.m. on November 23, 2015 and should be accompanied by proof of 
service on the applicant, in the form of an affidavit or, for lawyers, 
a certificate of service. Pursuant to Rule 0-5 under the Act, hearing 
requests should state the nature of the writer's interest, any facts 
bearing upon the desirability of a hearing on the matter, the reason 
for the request, and the issues contested. Persons who wish to be 
notified of a hearing may request notification by writing to the 
Commission's Secretary.

ADDRESSES: The Commission: Brent J. Fields, Secretary, U.S. Securities 
and Exchange Commission, 100 F Street NE., Washington, DC 20549-1090. 
Applicant: U.S. Bank National Association, 101 East 5th Street, Saint 
Paul, MN 55101.

For Further Information Contact: Jean E. Minarick, Senior Counsel, at 
(202) 551-6811, or Daniele Marchesani at (202) 551-6821 (Division of 
Investment Management, Chief Counsel's Office).

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The following is a summary of the 
application. The complete application may be obtained via the 
Commission's Web site by searching for the file number, or for an 
applicant using the Company name box, at http://www.sec.gov/search/search.htm or by calling (202) 551-8090.
    Applicant's Representations:
    1. The applicant is a subsidiary of U.S. Bancorp.\1\ The applicant 
is frequently selected to act as trustee in connection with ABS issued 
by Issuers.
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    \1\ The applicant also requests that the order apply to an 
Issuer's future appointment of any other entity controlling, 
controlled by, or under common control (as defined in Section 
2(a)(9) of the Act) with the applicant as a trustee in connection 
with an Issuer's ABS. The applicant represents that any other entity 
intending to rely on this relief will comply with the terms and 
conditions of the application. Any existing entity currently 
intending to rely on the requested order has been named as an 
applicant.
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    2. An ABS transaction typically involves the transfer of assets by 
a seller, usually by a ``sponsor,'' to a bankruptcy remote special 
purpose corporate or trust entity that is established for the sole 
purpose of holding the assets and issuing ABS to investors (an ``ABS 
Transaction''). Payments of interest and principal on the ABS depend 
primarily on the cash flow generated by the pool of assets owned by the 
Issuer.
    3. The parties to an ABS Transaction enter into several transaction 
agreements that provide for the holding of the assets by the Issuer and 
define the rights and responsibilities of the parties to the 
transaction (``Transaction Documents''). The operative Transaction 
Document governing the trustee is referred to herein as the 
``Agreement.''
    4. The sponsor of an ABS Transaction assembles the pool of assets 
by purchasing or funding them, describes them in the offering 
materials, and retains the underwriter to sell interests in the assets 
to investors. The sponsor determines the structure of the ABS 
Transaction and drafts the Transaction Documents. The sponsor selects 
the other parties to the ABS Transaction, including the underwriter, 
the servicer, and the trustee.
    5. The servicer, either directly or through subservicers, manages 
the assets held by the Issuer. The servicer typically collects the 
income from the assets and remits the income to the trustee. The 
trustee uses the income, as instructed by the servicer and as provided 
by the Agreement, to pay interest and principal on the ABS, to fund 
reserve accounts and purchases of additional assets, and to make other 
payments including fees owed to the

[[Page 68370]]

trustee and other parties to the ABS Transaction.
    6. The sponsor of an ABS Transaction selects the trustee and other 
participants in the transaction. In selecting a trustee, the sponsor 
generally seeks to obtain customary trust administrative and related 
services for the Issuer at minimal cost. In some instances, other 
parties to an ABS Transaction may provide recommendations to a sponsor 
about potential trustees. An underwriter for an ABS Transaction also 
may provide advice to the sponsor about trustee selection based on the 
underwriter's knowledge of the pricing and expertise offered by a 
particular trustee in light of the contemplated transaction.
    7. If an underwriter affiliated with the applicant recommends a 
trustee to a sponsor, both the underwriter's recommendation and any 
selection of the applicant by the sponsor will be based upon customary 
market considerations of pricing and expertise, among other things, and 
the selection will result from an arms-length negotiation between the 
sponsor and the applicant. The applicant will not price its services as 
trustee in a manner designed to facilitate its affiliate being named 
underwriter.
    8. The trustee's role in an ABS Transaction is specifically defined 
by the Agreement, and under the Agreement the trustee is not expected 
or required to perform discretionary functions. The responsibilities of 
the trustee as set forth in the Agreement are narrowly circumscribed 
and limited to those expressly accepted by the trustee. The trustee 
negotiates the provisions applicable to it directly with the sponsor 
and is then appointed by, and enters into the Agreement with, the 
Issuer.
    9. The trustee usually becomes involved in an ABS Transaction after 
the substantive economic terms have been negotiated between the sponsor 
and the underwriters. The trustee does not monitor any service 
performed by, or obligation of, an underwriter, whether or not the 
underwriter is affiliated with the trustee. In the unlikely event that 
the applicant, in acting as trustee to an Issuer for which an affiliate 
acts as underwriter, becomes obligated to enforce any of the affiliated 
underwriter's obligations to the Issuer, the applicant will resign as 
trustee for the Issuer consistent with the requirements of Rule 3a-
7(a)(4)(i). In such an event, the applicant will incur the costs 
associated with the Issuer's procurement of a successor trustee.
    10. The sponsor selects one or more underwriters to purchase the 
Issuer's ABS and resell them or to privately place them with buyers 
obtained by the underwriter. The sponsor, the Issuer and/or one of 
their affiliates enters into an underwriting agreement with the 
underwriter that sets forth the responsibilities of the underwriter 
with respect to the distribution of the ABS and includes 
representations and warranties regarding, among other things, the 
underwriter and the quality of the Issuer's assets. The obligations of 
the underwriter under the underwriting agreement are enforceable 
against the underwriter only by the sponsor, the Issuer and/or one of 
their affiliates.
    11. The underwriter may assist the sponsor in the organization of 
an Issuer by providing advice, based on its expertise in ABS 
Transactions, on the structuring and marketing of the ABS. This advice 
may relate to the risk tolerance of investors, the type of collateral, 
the predictability of the payment stream, the process by which payments 
are allocated and down-streamed to investors, the way that credit 
losses may affect the trust and the return to investors, whether the 
collateral represents a fixed set of specific assets or accounts, and 
the use of forms of credit enhancements to transform the risk-return 
profile of the underlying collateral. Any involvement of an underwriter 
in the organization of an Issuer that occurs is limited to helping 
determine the assets to be pooled, helping establish the terms of the 
ABS to be underwritten, and providing the sponsor with a line of credit 
for the assets to be transferred to the Issuer in connection with, and 
prior to, the related securitization.
    12. An underwriter may provide advice to a sponsor regarding the 
sponsor's selection of a trustee for the Issuer. However, an 
underwriter's role in structuring a transaction would not extend to 
determining the obligations of a trustee, and the underwriter is not a 
party to the Agreement or to any of the Transaction Documents. Except 
for arrangements involving credit or credit enhancement for an Issuer 
or remarketing agent activities, the underwriter typically has no role 
in the operation of the Issuer after its issuance of securities. The 
applicant represents that although an underwriter typically may provide 
credit or credit enhancement for an Issuer or engage in remarketing 
agent activities, an underwriter affiliated with the applicant will not 
provide or engage in such activities.
    Applicant's Legal Analysis:
    1. Rule 3a-7 excludes from the definition of investment company 
under Section 3(a) of the Act an Issuer that meets the conditions of 
the rule. One of Rule 3a-7's conditions, set forth in paragraph 
(a)(4)(i), requires that the Issuer appoint a trustee that is not 
affiliated with the Issuer or with any person involved in the 
organization or operation of the Issuer (the ``Independent Trustee 
Requirement''). Rule 3a-7(a)(4)(i) therefore prohibits an Issuer from 
appointing a trustee that is affiliated with an underwriter.
    2. Section 6(c) of the Act provides that the Commission may exempt 
any person, security or transaction or any class or classes of persons, 
securities or transactions from any provision of the Act, or from any 
rule thereunder, if and to the extent such exemption is necessary or 
appropriate in the public interest and consistent with the protection 
of investors and the purposes fairly intended by the policy and 
provisions of the Act.
    3. Applicant requests exemptive relief under Section 6(c) of the 
Act from Rule 3a-7(a)(4)(i) under the Act to the extent necessary to 
permit an Issuer to appoint the applicant as a trustee to the Issuer 
when the applicant is affiliated with an underwriter involved in the 
organization of the Issuer. Applicant submits that the requested 
exemptive relief from the Independent Trustee Requirement is necessary 
and appropriate in the public interest and is consistent with the 
protection of investors and the purposes fairly intended by the policy 
and provisions of the Act due to changes in the banking industry, due 
to the timing and nature of the roles of the trustee and the 
underwriter in ABS Transactions, and because the requested relief is 
consistent with the policies and purposes underlying the Independent 
Trustee Requirement and Rule 3a-7 in general.
    4. Applicant states that when Rule 3a-7 was proposed in 1992, 
virtually all trustees were unaffiliated with the other parties 
involved in an ABS Transaction. Applicant states that consolidation 
within the banking industry, as well as economic and other business 
factors, has resulted in a significant decrease in the number of bank 
trustees providing services to Issuers. Applicant also states that bank 
consolidation has been accompanied by the expansion of banks into 
investment banking, including the underwriting of ABS Transactions. 
Applicant further states that due to these banking industry changes, 
most trustees that provide services to Issuers, including the 
applicant, have affiliations with underwriters to Issuers. Applicant 
states that, as a result, when an affiliate of the applicant is 
selected to underwrite ABS in an ABS Transaction, Rule 3a-7(a)(4)(i)'s

[[Page 68371]]

Independent Trustee Requirement generally prevents applicant from 
serving as trustee for the Issuer. Applicant states that the 
Independent Trustee Requirement imposes an unnecessary regulatory 
limitation on trustee selection and causes market distortions by 
leading to the selection of trustees for reasons other than customary 
market considerations of pricing and expertise. This result is 
disadvantageous to the ABS market and to ABS investors.
    5. Applicant submits that due to the nature and timing of the roles 
of the trustee and the underwriter, applicant's affiliation with an 
underwriter would not result in a conflict of interest or possibility 
of overreaching that could harm investors. Applicant states that the 
trustee's role begins with the Issuer's issuance of its securities, and 
the trustee performs its role over the life of the Issuer. Applicant 
states that, in contrast, the underwriter is chosen early in the ABS 
Transaction process, may help to structure the ABS Transaction, 
distributes the Issuer's securities to investors, and generally has no 
role subsequent to the distribution of the Issuer's securities. 
Applicant further states that an ABS trustee does not monitor the 
distribution of securities or any other activity performed by 
underwriters and there is no opportunity for a trustee and an 
affiliated underwriter to act in concert to benefit themselves at the 
expense of holders of the ABS either prior to or after the closing of 
the ABS Transaction.
    6. Applicant states that the trustee's role is narrowly defined, 
and that the trustee is neither expected nor required to exercise 
discretion or judgment except after a default in the ABS transaction, 
which rarely occurs. Applicant states that the duties of a trustee 
after a default are limited to enforcing the terms of the Agreement for 
the benefit of debt holders as a ``prudent person'' would enforce such 
interests for his own benefit. Applicant further states that the 
trustee of the Issuer has virtually no discretion to pursue anyone in 
any regard other than preserving and realizing on the assets. In any 
event, Applicant states that any role taken by the Trustee in the event 
of a default would occur after the underwriter has terminated its role 
in the transaction.
    7. Applicant submits that the concerns underlying the Independent 
Trustee Requirement are not implicated if the trustee for an Issuer is 
independent of the sponsor, servicer, and credit enhancer for the 
Issuer, but is affiliated with an underwriter for the Issuer, because 
in that situation no single entity would act in all capacities in the 
issuance of the ABS and the operation of an Issuer. Applicant states 
that applicant would continue to act as an independent party 
safeguarding the assets of any Issuer regardless of an affiliation with 
an underwriter of the ABS. Applicant submits that the concern that 
affiliation could lead to a trustee monitoring the activities of an 
affiliate also is not implicated by a trustee's affiliation with an 
underwriter, because, in practice, a trustee for an Issuer does not 
monitor the distribution of securities or any other activity performed 
by underwriters. Applicant further states that the requested relief 
would be consistent with the broader purpose of Rule 3a-7 of not 
hampering the growth and development of the ABS market, to the extent 
consistent with investor protection.
    8. Applicant states that the conditions set forth below provide 
additional protections against conflicts and overreaching. For example, 
the conditions ensure that the Applicant will continue to act as an 
independent party safeguarding the assets of an Issuer regardless of an 
affiliation with the underwriter of the ABS and would not allow the 
underwriter any greater access to the assets, or cash flows derived 
from the assets, of the Issuer than if there were no affiliation.
    Applicant's Conditions:
    The applicant agrees that any order granting the requested relief 
will be subject to the following conditions:
    1. The applicant will not be affiliated with any person involved in 
the organization or operation of the Issuer in an ABS Transaction other 
than the underwriter.
    2. The applicant's relationship to an affiliated underwriter will 
be disclosed in writing to all parties involved in an ABS Transaction, 
including the rating agencies and the ABS holders.
    3. An underwriter affiliated with the applicant will not be 
involved in the operation of an Issuer, and its involvement in the 
organization of an Issuer will extend only to determining the assets to 
be pooled, assisting in establishing the terms of the ABS to be 
underwritten, and/or providing the sponsor with a line of credit for 
the assets to be transferred to the Issuer in connection with, and 
prior to, the related securitization.
    4. An affiliated person of the applicant, including an affiliated 
underwriter, will not provide credit or credit enhancement to an Issuer 
if the applicant serves as trustee to the Issuer.
    5. An underwriter affiliated with the applicant will not engage in 
any remarketing agent activities, including involvement in any auction 
process in which ABS interest rates, yields, or dividends are reset at 
designated intervals in any ABS Transaction for which the applicant 
serves as trustee to the Issuer.
    6. All of an affiliated underwriter's contractual obligations 
pursuant to the underwriting agreement will be enforceable by the 
sponsor, the Issuer and/or one of their affiliates.
    7. Consistent with the requirements of Rule 3a-7(a)(4)(i), the 
applicant will resign as trustee for the Issuer if applicant becomes 
obligated to enforce any of an affiliated underwriter's obligations to 
the Issuer.
    8. The applicant will not price its services as trustee in a manner 
designed to facilitate its affiliate being named underwriter.

    For the Commission, by the Division of Investment Management, 
under delegated authority.
Jill M. Peterson,
Assistant Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2015-28069 Filed 11-3-15; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011-01-P



                                                                               Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 213 / Wednesday, November 4, 2015 / Notices                                            68369

                                                    arguments concerning the foregoing,                       SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE                               SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:    The
                                                    including whether the proposed rule                       COMMISSION                                  following is a summary of the
                                                    change is consistent with the Act.                                                                    application. The complete application
                                                                                                              [Investment Company Act Release No.
                                                    Comments may be submitted by any of                                                                   may be obtained via the Commission’s
                                                                                                              31886; File No. 812–14404]
                                                    the following methods:                                                                                Web site by searching for the file
                                                    Electronic Comments                                       U.S. Bank National Association; Notice number, or for an applicant using the
                                                                                                              of Application                              Company name box, at http://
                                                      • Use the Commission’s Internet                                                                     www.sec.gov/search/search.htm or by
                                                    comment form (http://www.sec.gov/                         October 29, 2015.                           calling (202) 551–8090.
                                                    rules/sro.shtml); or                                      AGENCY: Securities and Exchange                Applicant’s Representations:
                                                      • Send an email to rule-comments@                       Commission (‘‘Commission’’).                   1. The applicant is a subsidiary of
                                                    sec.gov. Please include File Number SR–                   ACTION: Notice of an application under      U.S. Bancorp.1 The applicant is
                                                    NYSE–2015–47 on the subject line.                         Section 6(c) of the Investment Company frequently selected to act as trustee in
                                                                                                              Act of 1940 (‘‘Act’’) for an exemption      connection with ABS issued by Issuers.
                                                    Paper Comments                                                                                           2. An ABS transaction typically
                                                                                                              from certain requirements of Rule 3a–
                                                       • Send paper comments in triplicate                                                                involves the transfer of assets by a
                                                                                                              7(a)(4)(i) under the Act.
                                                    to Brent J. Fields, Secretary, Securities                                                             seller, usually by a ‘‘sponsor,’’ to a
                                                    and Exchange Commission, 100 F Street                        Summary of Application: Applicant        bankruptcy remote special purpose
                                                    NE., Washington, DC 20549–1090.                           requests an order that would permit an      corporate or trust entity that is
                                                    All submissions should refer to File                      issuer of asset-backed securities           established for the sole purpose of
                                                    Number SR–NYSE–2015–47. This file                         (‘‘ABS’’) that is not registered as an      holding the assets and issuing ABS to
                                                    number should be included on the                          investment company under the Act in         investors (an ‘‘ABS Transaction’’).
                                                    subject line if email is used. To help the                reliance on Rule 3a–7 under the Act (an Payments of interest and principal on
                                                    Commission process and review your                        ‘‘Issuer’’) to appoint the applicant as a   the ABS depend primarily on the cash
                                                    comments more efficiently, please use                     trustee in connection with the Issuer’s     flow generated by the pool of assets
                                                    only one method. The Commission will                      ABS when the applicant is affiliated        owned by the Issuer.
                                                    post all comments on the Commission’s                     with an underwriter for the Issuer’s           3. The parties to an ABS Transaction
                                                    Internet Web site (http://www.sec.gov/                    ABS.                                        enter into several transaction
                                                    rules/sro.shtml). Copies of the                              Applicant: U.S. Bank National            agreements that provide for the holding
                                                    submission, all subsequent                                Association.                                of the assets by the Issuer and define the
                                                    amendments, all written statements                           Filing Dates: The application was        rights and responsibilities of the parties
                                                    with respect to the proposed rule                         filed on December 19, 2014 and              to the transaction (‘‘Transaction
                                                    change that are filed with the                            amended on June 4, 2015, and                Documents’’). The operative Transaction
                                                    Commission, and all written                               September 29, 2015.                         Document governing the trustee is
                                                    communications relating to the                               Hearing or Notification of Hearing: An referred to herein as the ‘‘Agreement.’’
                                                    proposed rule change between the                                                                         4. The sponsor of an ABS Transaction
                                                                                                              order granting the application will be
                                                    Commission and any person, other than                                                                 assembles the pool of assets by
                                                                                                              issued unless the Commission orders a
                                                    those that may be withheld from the                                                                   purchasing or funding them, describes
                                                                                                              hearing. Interested persons may request
                                                    public in accordance with the                                                                         them in the offering materials, and
                                                                                                              a hearing by writing to the
                                                    provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be                                                                   retains the underwriter to sell interests
                                                                                                              Commission’s Secretary and serving
                                                    available for Web site viewing and                                                                    in the assets to investors. The sponsor
                                                                                                              applicant with a copy of the request,
                                                    printing in the Commission’s Public                                                                   determines the structure of the ABS
                                                                                                              personally or by mail. Hearing requests
                                                    Reference Room, 100 F Street NE.,                                                                     Transaction and drafts the Transaction
                                                                                                              should be received by the Commission
                                                    Washington, DC 20549, on official                                                                     Documents. The sponsor selects the
                                                                                                              by 5:30 p.m. on November 23, 2015 and
                                                    business days between the hours of                                                                    other parties to the ABS Transaction,
                                                                                                              should be accompanied by proof of
                                                    10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. Copies of the                                                                including the underwriter, the servicer,
                                                                                                              service on the applicant, in the form of
                                                    filing will also be available for                                                                     and the trustee.
                                                                                                              an affidavit or, for lawyers, a certificate    5. The servicer, either directly or
                                                    inspection and copying at the NYSE’s                      of service. Pursuant to Rule 0–5 under      through subservicers, manages the
                                                    principal office and on its Internet Web                  the Act, hearing requests should state      assets held by the Issuer. The servicer
                                                    site at www.nyse.com. All comments                        the nature of the writer’s interest, any    typically collects the income from the
                                                    received will be posted without change;                   facts bearing upon the desirability of a    assets and remits the income to the
                                                    the Commission does not edit personal                     hearing on the matter, the reason for the trustee. The trustee uses the income, as
                                                    identifying information from                              request, and the issues contested.          instructed by the servicer and as
                                                    submissions. You should submit only                       Persons who wish to be notified of a        provided by the Agreement, to pay
                                                    information that you wish to make                         hearing may request notification by         interest and principal on the ABS, to
                                                    available publicly. All submissions                       writing to the Commission’s Secretary.      fund reserve accounts and purchases of
                                                    should refer to File Number SR–NYSE–                      ADDRESSES: The Commission: Brent J.         additional assets, and to make other
                                                    2015–47 and should be submitted on or                     Fields, Secretary, U.S. Securities and      payments including fees owed to the
                                                    before November 25, 2015.                                 Exchange Commission, 100 F Street NE.,
                                                      For the Commission, by the Division of                  Washington, DC 20549–1090.
asabaliauskas on DSK5VPTVN1PROD with NOTICES




                                                                                                                                                            1 The applicant also requests that the order apply

                                                    Trading and Markets, pursuant to delegated                Applicant: U.S. Bank National               to an Issuer’s future appointment of any other entity
                                                    authority.17                                              Association, 101 East 5th Street, Saint     controlling, controlled by, or under common
                                                                                                                                                          control (as defined in Section 2(a)(9) of the Act)
                                                    Robert W. Errett,                                         Paul, MN 55101.                             with the applicant as a trustee in connection with
                                                    Deputy Secretary.                                         FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Jean an Issuer’s ABS. The applicant represents that any
                                                    [FR Doc. 2015–28033 Filed 11–3–15; 8:45 am]               E. Minarick, Senior Counsel, at (202)       other entity intending to rely on this relief will
                                                                                                                                                          comply with the terms and conditions of the
                                                    BILLING CODE 8011–01–P                                    551–6811, or Daniele Marchesani at          application. Any existing entity currently intending
                                                                                                              (202) 551–6821 (Division of Investment      to rely on the requested order has been named as
                                                      17 17   CFR 200.30–3(a)(12).                            Management, Chief Counsel’s Office).        an applicant.



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                                                    68370                    Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 213 / Wednesday, November 4, 2015 / Notices

                                                    trustee and other parties to the ABS                    place them with buyers obtained by the                Rule 3a–7’s conditions, set forth in
                                                    Transaction.                                            underwriter. The sponsor, the Issuer                  paragraph (a)(4)(i), requires that the
                                                       6. The sponsor of an ABS Transaction                 and/or one of their affiliates enters into            Issuer appoint a trustee that is not
                                                    selects the trustee and other participants              an underwriting agreement with the                    affiliated with the Issuer or with any
                                                    in the transaction. In selecting a trustee,             underwriter that sets forth the                       person involved in the organization or
                                                    the sponsor generally seeks to obtain                   responsibilities of the underwriter with              operation of the Issuer (the
                                                    customary trust administrative and                      respect to the distribution of the ABS                ‘‘Independent Trustee Requirement’’).
                                                    related services for the Issuer at minimal              and includes representations and                      Rule 3a–7(a)(4)(i) therefore prohibits an
                                                    cost. In some instances, other parties to               warranties regarding, among other                     Issuer from appointing a trustee that is
                                                    an ABS Transaction may provide                          things, the underwriter and the quality               affiliated with an underwriter.
                                                    recommendations to a sponsor about                      of the Issuer’s assets. The obligations of               2. Section 6(c) of the Act provides that
                                                    potential trustees. An underwriter for an               the underwriter under the underwriting                the Commission may exempt any
                                                    ABS Transaction also may provide                        agreement are enforceable against the                 person, security or transaction or any
                                                    advice to the sponsor about trustee                     underwriter only by the sponsor, the                  class or classes of persons, securities or
                                                    selection based on the underwriter’s                    Issuer and/or one of their affiliates.                transactions from any provision of the
                                                    knowledge of the pricing and expertise                     11. The underwriter may assist the                 Act, or from any rule thereunder, if and
                                                    offered by a particular trustee in light of             sponsor in the organization of an Issuer              to the extent such exemption is
                                                    the contemplated transaction.                           by providing advice, based on its                     necessary or appropriate in the public
                                                       7. If an underwriter affiliated with the             expertise in ABS Transactions, on the                 interest and consistent with the
                                                    applicant recommends a trustee to a                     structuring and marketing of the ABS.                 protection of investors and the purposes
                                                    sponsor, both the underwriter’s                         This advice may relate to the risk                    fairly intended by the policy and
                                                    recommendation and any selection of                     tolerance of investors, the type of                   provisions of the Act.
                                                    the applicant by the sponsor will be                    collateral, the predictability of the                    3. Applicant requests exemptive relief
                                                    based upon customary market                             payment stream, the process by which                  under Section 6(c) of the Act from Rule
                                                    considerations of pricing and expertise,                payments are allocated and down-                      3a–7(a)(4)(i) under the Act to the extent
                                                    among other things, and the selection                   streamed to investors, the way that                   necessary to permit an Issuer to appoint
                                                    will result from an arms-length                         credit losses may affect the trust and the            the applicant as a trustee to the Issuer
                                                    negotiation between the sponsor and the                 return to investors, whether the                      when the applicant is affiliated with an
                                                    applicant. The applicant will not price                 collateral represents a fixed set of                  underwriter involved in the
                                                    its services as trustee in a manner                     specific assets or accounts, and the use              organization of the Issuer. Applicant
                                                    designed to facilitate its affiliate being              of forms of credit enhancements to                    submits that the requested exemptive
                                                    named underwriter.                                      transform the risk-return profile of the              relief from the Independent Trustee
                                                       8. The trustee’s role in an ABS                      underlying collateral. Any involvement                Requirement is necessary and
                                                    Transaction is specifically defined by                  of an underwriter in the organization of              appropriate in the public interest and is
                                                    the Agreement, and under the                            an Issuer that occurs is limited to                   consistent with the protection of
                                                    Agreement the trustee is not expected or                helping determine the assets to be                    investors and the purposes fairly
                                                    required to perform discretionary                       pooled, helping establish the terms of                intended by the policy and provisions of
                                                    functions. The responsibilities of the                  the ABS to be underwritten, and                       the Act due to changes in the banking
                                                    trustee as set forth in the Agreement are               providing the sponsor with a line of                  industry, due to the timing and nature
                                                    narrowly circumscribed and limited to                   credit for the assets to be transferred to            of the roles of the trustee and the
                                                    those expressly accepted by the trustee.                the Issuer in connection with, and prior              underwriter in ABS Transactions, and
                                                    The trustee negotiates the provisions                   to, the related securitization.                       because the requested relief is
                                                    applicable to it directly with the                         12. An underwriter may provide                     consistent with the policies and
                                                    sponsor and is then appointed by, and                   advice to a sponsor regarding the                     purposes underlying the Independent
                                                    enters into the Agreement with, the                     sponsor’s selection of a trustee for the              Trustee Requirement and Rule 3a–7 in
                                                    Issuer.                                                 Issuer. However, an underwriter’s role                general.
                                                       9. The trustee usually becomes                       in structuring a transaction would not                   4. Applicant states that when Rule
                                                    involved in an ABS Transaction after                    extend to determining the obligations of              3a–7 was proposed in 1992, virtually all
                                                    the substantive economic terms have                     a trustee, and the underwriter is not a               trustees were unaffiliated with the other
                                                    been negotiated between the sponsor                     party to the Agreement or to any of the               parties involved in an ABS Transaction.
                                                    and the underwriters. The trustee does                  Transaction Documents. Except for                     Applicant states that consolidation
                                                    not monitor any service performed by,                   arrangements involving credit or credit               within the banking industry, as well as
                                                    or obligation of, an underwriter,                       enhancement for an Issuer or                          economic and other business factors,
                                                    whether or not the underwriter is                       remarketing agent activities, the                     has resulted in a significant decrease in
                                                    affiliated with the trustee. In the                     underwriter typically has no role in the              the number of bank trustees providing
                                                    unlikely event that the applicant, in                   operation of the Issuer after its issuance            services to Issuers. Applicant also states
                                                    acting as trustee to an Issuer for which                of securities. The applicant represents               that bank consolidation has been
                                                    an affiliate acts as underwriter, becomes               that although an underwriter typically                accompanied by the expansion of banks
                                                    obligated to enforce any of the affiliated              may provide credit or credit                          into investment banking, including the
                                                    underwriter’s obligations to the Issuer,                enhancement for an Issuer or engage in                underwriting of ABS Transactions.
                                                    the applicant will resign as trustee for                                                                      Applicant further states that due to
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                                                                                                            remarketing agent activities, an
                                                    the Issuer consistent with the                          underwriter affiliated with the applicant             these banking industry changes, most
                                                    requirements of Rule 3a–7(a)(4)(i). In                  will not provide or engage in such                    trustees that provide services to Issuers,
                                                    such an event, the applicant will incur                 activities.                                           including the applicant, have
                                                    the costs associated with the Issuer’s                     Applicant’s Legal Analysis:                        affiliations with underwriters to Issuers.
                                                    procurement of a successor trustee.                        1. Rule 3a–7 excludes from the                     Applicant states that, as a result, when
                                                       10. The sponsor selects one or more                  definition of investment company under                an affiliate of the applicant is selected
                                                    underwriters to purchase the Issuer’s                   Section 3(a) of the Act an Issuer that                to underwrite ABS in an ABS
                                                    ABS and resell them or to privately                     meets the conditions of the rule. One of              Transaction, Rule 3a–7(a)(4)(i)’s


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                                                                             Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 213 / Wednesday, November 4, 2015 / Notices                                                  68371

                                                    Independent Trustee Requirement                         in the issuance of the ABS and the                    which ABS interest rates, yields, or
                                                    generally prevents applicant from                       operation of an Issuer. Applicant states              dividends are reset at designated
                                                    serving as trustee for the Issuer.                      that applicant would continue to act as               intervals in any ABS Transaction for
                                                    Applicant states that the Independent                   an independent party safeguarding the                 which the applicant serves as trustee to
                                                    Trustee Requirement imposes an                          assets of any Issuer regardless of an                 the Issuer.
                                                    unnecessary regulatory limitation on                    affiliation with an underwriter of the                  6. All of an affiliated underwriter’s
                                                    trustee selection and causes market                     ABS. Applicant submits that the                       contractual obligations pursuant to the
                                                    distortions by leading to the selection of              concern that affiliation could lead to a              underwriting agreement will be
                                                    trustees for reasons other than                         trustee monitoring the activities of an               enforceable by the sponsor, the Issuer
                                                    customary market considerations of                      affiliate also is not implicated by a                 and/or one of their affiliates.
                                                    pricing and expertise. This result is                   trustee’s affiliation with an underwriter,
                                                    disadvantageous to the ABS market and                   because, in practice, a trustee for an                  7. Consistent with the requirements of
                                                    to ABS investors.                                       Issuer does not monitor the distribution              Rule 3a–7(a)(4)(i), the applicant will
                                                       5. Applicant submits that due to the                 of securities or any other activity                   resign as trustee for the Issuer if
                                                    nature and timing of the roles of the                   performed by underwriters. Applicant                  applicant becomes obligated to enforce
                                                    trustee and the underwriter, applicant’s                further states that the requested relief              any of an affiliated underwriter’s
                                                    affiliation with an underwriter would                   would be consistent with the broader                  obligations to the Issuer.
                                                    not result in a conflict of interest or                 purpose of Rule 3a–7 of not hampering                   8. The applicant will not price its
                                                    possibility of overreaching that could                  the growth and development of the ABS                 services as trustee in a manner designed
                                                    harm investors. Applicant states that the               market, to the extent consistent with                 to facilitate its affiliate being named
                                                    trustee’s role begins with the Issuer’s                 investor protection.                                  underwriter.
                                                    issuance of its securities, and the trustee                8. Applicant states that the conditions
                                                                                                                                                                     For the Commission, by the Division of
                                                    performs its role over the life of the                  set forth below provide additional                    Investment Management, under delegated
                                                    Issuer. Applicant states that, in contrast,             protections against conflicts and                     authority.
                                                    the underwriter is chosen early in the                  overreaching. For example, the
                                                                                                                                                                  Jill M. Peterson,
                                                    ABS Transaction process, may help to                    conditions ensure that the Applicant
                                                    structure the ABS Transaction,                          will continue to act as an independent                Assistant Secretary.
                                                    distributes the Issuer’s securities to                  party safeguarding the assets of an                   [FR Doc. 2015–28069 Filed 11–3–15; 8:45 am]
                                                    investors, and generally has no role                    Issuer regardless of an affiliation with              BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
                                                    subsequent to the distribution of the                   the underwriter of the ABS and would
                                                    Issuer’s securities. Applicant further                  not allow the underwriter any greater
                                                    states that an ABS trustee does not                     access to the assets, or cash flows                   SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
                                                    monitor the distribution of securities or               derived from the assets, of the Issuer                COMMISSION
                                                    any other activity performed by                         than if there were no affiliation.
                                                    underwriters and there is no                               Applicant’s Conditions:                            [Release No. 34–76302 ; File No. SR–EDGX–
                                                    opportunity for a trustee and an                           The applicant agrees that any order                2015–52]
                                                    affiliated underwriter to act in concert                granting the requested relief will be
                                                    to benefit themselves at the expense of                 subject to the following conditions:                  Self-Regulatory Organizations; EDGX
                                                    holders of the ABS either prior to or                      1. The applicant will not be affiliated            Exchange, Inc.; Notice of Filing and
                                                    after the closing of the ABS Transaction.               with any person involved in the                       Immediate Effectiveness of a Proposed
                                                       6. Applicant states that the trustee’s               organization or operation of the Issuer               Rule Change to Rule 21.8, Order
                                                    role is narrowly defined, and that the                  in an ABS Transaction other than the                  Display and Book Processing
                                                    trustee is neither expected nor required                underwriter.
                                                                                                                                                                  October 29, 2015.
                                                    to exercise discretion or judgment                         2. The applicant’s relationship to an
                                                    except after a default in the ABS                       affiliated underwriter will be disclosed                 Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the
                                                    transaction, which rarely occurs.                       in writing to all parties involved in an              Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the
                                                    Applicant states that the duties of a                   ABS Transaction, including the rating                 ‘‘Act’’),1 and Rule 19b–4 thereunder,2
                                                    trustee after a default are limited to                  agencies and the ABS holders.                         notice is hereby given that on October
                                                    enforcing the terms of the Agreement for                   3. An underwriter affiliated with the              28, 2015, EDGX Exchange, Inc. (the
                                                    the benefit of debt holders as a ‘‘prudent              applicant will not be involved in the                 ‘‘Exchange’’ or ‘‘EDGX’’) filed with the
                                                    person’’ would enforce such interests                   operation of an Issuer, and its                       Securities and Exchange Commission
                                                    for his own benefit. Applicant further                  involvement in the organization of an                 (‘‘Commission’’) the proposed rule
                                                    states that the trustee of the Issuer has               Issuer will extend only to determining                change as described in Items I and II
                                                    virtually no discretion to pursue anyone                the assets to be pooled, assisting in                 below, which Items have been prepared
                                                    in any regard other than preserving and                 establishing the terms of the ABS to be               by the Exchange. The Exchange has
                                                    realizing on the assets. In any event,                  underwritten, and/or providing the                    designated this proposal as a ‘‘non-
                                                    Applicant states that any role taken by                 sponsor with a line of credit for the                 controversial’’ proposed rule change
                                                    the Trustee in the event of a default                   assets to be transferred to the Issuer in             pursuant to Section 19(b)(3)(A) of the
                                                    would occur after the underwriter has                   connection with, and prior to, the                    Act 3 and Rule 19b–4(f)(6) thereunder,4
                                                    terminated its role in the transaction.                 related securitization.                               which renders it effective upon filing
                                                       7. Applicant submits that the                           4. An affiliated person of the
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                                                                                                                                                                  with the Commission. The Commission
                                                    concerns underlying the Independent                     applicant, including an affiliated                    is publishing this notice to solicit
                                                    Trustee Requirement are not implicated                  underwriter, will not provide credit or               comments on the proposed rule change
                                                    if the trustee for an Issuer is                         credit enhancement to an Issuer if the                from interested persons.
                                                    independent of the sponsor, servicer,                   applicant serves as trustee to the Issuer.
                                                    and credit enhancer for the Issuer, but                    5. An underwriter affiliated with the                1 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
                                                    is affiliated with an underwriter for the               applicant will not engage in any                        2 17 CFR 240.19b–4.
                                                    Issuer, because in that situation no                    remarketing agent activities, including                 3 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(3)(A).

                                                    single entity would act in all capacities               involvement in any auction process in                   4 17 CFR 240.19b–4(f)(6).




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Document Created: 2018-03-01 11:27:34
Document Modified: 2018-03-01 11:27:34
CategoryRegulatory Information
CollectionFederal Register
sudoc ClassAE 2.7:
GS 4.107:
AE 2.106:
PublisherOffice of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Administration
SectionNotices
ActionNotice of an application under Section 6(c) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 (``Act'') for an exemption from certain requirements of Rule 3a-7(a)(4)(i) under the Act.
DatesThe application was filed on December 19, 2014 and amended on June 4, 2015, and September 29, 2015.
ContactJean E. Minarick, Senior Counsel, at (202) 551-6811, or Daniele Marchesani at (202) 551-6821 (Division of Investment Management, Chief Counsel's Office).
FR Citation80 FR 68369 

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