80_FR_9290 80 FR 9256 - Petition To Initiate Rulemaking; Use of Explosives on Surface Coal Mining Operations

80 FR 9256 - Petition To Initiate Rulemaking; Use of Explosives on Surface Coal Mining Operations

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement

Federal Register Volume 80, Issue 34 (February 20, 2015)

Page Range9256-9258
FR Document2015-03407

We, the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement (OSMRE or OSM), are announcing our final decision on a petition for rulemaking that was submitted by WildEarth Guardians. The petition requested that we revise our current regulations to prohibit visible nitrogen oxide clouds during blasting. The Director has decided to grant the petition in principle, and although we do not intend to propose the specific rule changes requested in the petition, will instead initiate a rulemaking to address this issue as discussed more fully below.

Federal Register, Volume 80 Issue 34 (Friday, February 20, 2015)
[Federal Register Volume 80, Number 34 (Friday, February 20, 2015)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 9256-9258]
From the Federal Register Online  [www.thefederalregister.org]
[FR Doc No: 2015-03407]


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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement

30 CFR Parts 816 and 817

[Docket ID: OSM-2014-0003; S1D1S SS08011000 SX066A00067F 134S180110; 
S2D2S SS08011000 SX066A00 33F 13XS501520]


Petition To Initiate Rulemaking; Use of Explosives on Surface 
Coal Mining Operations

AGENCY: Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, Interior.

ACTION: Decision on petition for rulemaking.

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SUMMARY: We, the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement 
(OSMRE or OSM), are announcing our final decision on a petition for 
rulemaking that was submitted by WildEarth Guardians. The petition 
requested that we revise our current regulations to prohibit visible 
nitrogen oxide clouds during blasting. The Director has decided to 
grant the petition in principle, and although we do not intend to 
propose the specific rule changes requested in the petition, will 
instead initiate a rulemaking to address this issue as discussed more 
fully below.

DATES: February 20, 2015.

ADDRESSES: Copies of the petition and other relevant materials 
comprising the administrative record of this petition are available for 
public review and copying at the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation 
and Enforcement, Administrative Record, Room 252 SIB, 1951 Constitution 
Avenue NW., Washington, DC 20240.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Joshua Rockwell, Division of 
Regulatory Support, 1951 Constitution Ave. NW., Washington, DC 20240; 
Telephone: 202-208-2633; Email: jrockwell@osmre.gov.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

Table of Contents

I. How does the petition process operate?
II. What is the substance of the petition?
III. What do our current regulations regarding the use of explosives 
require?
IV. What comments did we receive and how did we address them?
V. What is the Director's decision?
VI. Procedural Matters and Determinations

I. How does the petition process operate?

    On April 18, 2014, we received a petition from WildEarth Guardians 
(petitioner) requesting that OSMRE promulgate rules to prohibit the 
production of visible nitrogen oxides (NOX) emissions 
(including nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide) during blasting at 
surface coal mining operations in order to protect the health, welfare, 
and safety of the public and of mine workers and to prevent injury to 
persons. WildEarth Guardians submitted this petition pursuant to 
section 201(g) of the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 
1977 (SMCRA), 30 U.S.C. 1201(g), which provides that any person may 
petition the Director of OSMRE to initiate a proceeding for the 
issuance, amendment, or repeal of any regulation adopted under SMCRA. 
OSMRE adopted regulations at 30 CFR 700.12 to implement this statutory 
provision.
    In accordance with our regulation at 30 CFR 700.12(c), we 
determined that WildEarth Guardians' petition set forth ``facts, 
technical justification and law'' establishing a ``reasonable basis'' 
for amending our regulations. Therefore, on

[[Page 9257]]

July 25, 2014, we published a notice in the Federal Register (79 FR 
43326) seeking comments on whether we should grant or deny the 
petition. The comment period closed on September 25, 2014. One hundred 
nineteen persons submitted comments during the public comment period.
    After reviewing the petition and public comments, the Director has 
decided to grant WildEarth Guardians' petition. Pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 
553(e) and section 201(c)(2) of SMCRA, 30 U.S.C. 1211(c)(2), we plan to 
initiate rulemaking and publish a notice of proposed rulemaking with an 
appropriate public comment period. Although we are still considering 
the content of the proposed rule, we expect that it will contain 
clarifications to our regulations to ensure that operators and surface 
coal mining regulatory authorities protect people and property from 
toxic gases and fumes generated by blasting at surface mine sites. 
However, OSMRE does not intend to propose the petitioner's suggested 
rule language because the petitioner's language focused solely on 
nitrogen oxide emissions, instead of all blast-generated fumes and 
toxic gases.

II. What is the substance of the petition?

    WildEarth Guardians' petition states: ``Too often, blasting at coal 
mines leads to the production of dangerous levels of nitrogen dioxide 
emissions, which are seen as orange to red clouds. These clouds of 
toxic gas represent significant threats to public health and welfare 
and must be curtailed to prevent injuries to persons as required by 
SMCRA.'' The petition requests that OSMRE amend our regulations at 30 
CFR 816.67 (surface mining) and 817.67 (underground mining) to prohibit 
visible NOX emissions during blasting and to require that 
the operator visually monitor all blasting activities and report all 
instances of visible emissions of NOX to the regulatory 
authority. The petitioner asserts that exposure to low levels of 
NOX gases may cause ``irritation of eyes, nose, throat, and 
lungs.'' According to the petitioner, exposure to high levels of 
NOX gases may cause ``rapid burning, spasms, and swelling of 
the throat and upper respiratory tract issues, as well as death.''
    In support of its petition, petitioner cites SMCRA section 102(a), 
30 U.S.C. 1202(a), which lists one of SMCRA's goals as ``protect[ing] 
society and the environment from the adverse effects of surface coal 
mining operations,'' as well as SMCRA section 515(b)(15)(C)(i)-(ii), 30 
U.S.C. 1265(b)(15)(C)(i)-(ii), which states that blasting activities 
should be limited in order to ``prevent injury to persons. . . and 
damage to public and private property outside the permit area.''
    The petitioner asserts that revisions to our existing regulations 
are necessary to close a gap with regard to regulation of 
NOX emissions. The petitioner requested that we ``remedy 
this regulatory gap and promulgate explicit and enforceable standards 
to ensure that when explosives are used at coal mining operations, 
emissions of nitrogen oxides are controlled to prevent injury to 
persons and to protect the general health, welfare, and safety of the 
public and mine workers.''
    The petitioner suggested that we revise 30 CFR 816.67 and 817.67 by 
adding a new paragraph (f) to read:

(1) Blasting shall be conducted so as to prevent visible emissions 
of nitrogen oxides, including nitrogen dioxide, and (2) The operator 
shall visually monitor all blasting activities (through the use of 
remote surveillance or other acceptable methods for detecting 
visible emissions) and within 24-hours report in writing any 
instances of visible emissions of nitrogen oxides to the regulatory 
authority.

III. What do our current regulations regarding the use of explosives 
require?

    Our current regulations at 30 CFR 816.67 and 817.67 establish a 
framework for addressing the adverse effects associated with the use of 
explosives. Paragraph (a) of both sections mirrors the language in 
SMCRA section 515(b)(15)(C)(i)-(ii), 30 U.S.C. 1265(b)(15)(C)(i)-(ii). 
It states that blasting shall be conducted to prevent injury to 
persons, damage to public or private property outside the permit area. 
The remaining paragraphs in 30 CFR 816.67 and 817.67 contain specific 
performance standards for airblast, flyrock, and ground vibration.
    In addition, our regulation 30 CFR 843.11(a)(1)(i) requires that an 
inspector order the cessation of any surface coal mining and 
reclamation operations if an imminent danger to the health or safety of 
the public exists.

IV. What comments did we receive and how did we address them?

    We received 119 comments on the petition for rulemaking. These 
comments can be divided into two major groups: Those in favor of the 
rulemaking (over two-thirds) and those opposed (less than one-third). 
The comments in favor of the petition generally came from citizens and 
groups that seek to protect the public and environment. In contrast, 
those comments opposed generally came from citizens, state regulatory 
authorities, and organizations related to the explosives, 
manufacturing, and mining industries.
    Those in support of the petition were primarily concerned that our 
current regulations do not provide for adequate protection from fumes 
generated by blasting, including, but not limited to, NOX 
fumes. Additionally, some of these commenters alleged that not all of 
the state regulatory authorities are willing to regulate toxic gases 
produced during blasting. These commenters contend that the lack of 
regulation by some state regulatory authorities is due to OSMRE's 
regulatory silence on the specific issue of NOX emissions.
    The comments received from those opposed to the rulemaking 
expressed concern that the petitioner's suggested rule language would 
create, ``an unlawful, unnecessary, and unattainable emissions standard 
under OSMRE's federal regulatory program'' that would effectively 
prevent operators from coal mining altogether. Several of the comments 
opposing the petition referred to In re Permanent Surface Min. 
Regulation Litig. I, Round II, 1980 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 17660 at *43-44 
(D.D.C., May 16, 1980), which held that we could not regulate fugitive 
dust from blasting. These commenters contend that this precedent 
prevents OSMRE from regulating visible NOX clouds produced 
by blasting. In addition, the commenters opposing the petition noted 
that SMCRA and the implementing regulations already contain adequate 
protection from the effects of blasting; as support for this position, 
they cite primarily to section 515 of SMCRA, 30 CFR 780.13, 816.61-
816.68, 817.61-817.68, part 842, and part 850, as well as the 
equivalent provisions in the state regulatory programs.

V. What is the Director's decision?

    After reviewing the petition and supporting materials, and after 
careful consideration of all comments received, the Director has 
decided to grant the petition. However, we do not plan to propose 
adoption of the specific regulatory changes suggested by the 
petitioner. Instead, we intend to propose regulatory changes to ensure 
that operators and regulatory authorities prevent injury to people and 
damage to property from any harm that could result from all toxic gases 
generated by blasting at coal mines, including NOX and 
carbon monoxide (CO).
    It is undisputed that when blasting is not properly conducted, it 
can cause damage to property and injury to people. Despite this fact, 
during our evaluation of the petition and the comments, we discovered 
that there is a difference in how the state regulatory

[[Page 9258]]

authorities are addressing toxic fumes generated by blasting. Some, but 
not all, state regulatory authorities have taken permitting or 
enforcement actions in response to toxic fumes released during 
blasting. Others, however, are hesitant to act because they believe our 
regulations, as currently written, are ambiguous as to whether and how 
toxic gases should be controlled. Likewise, while a number of mine 
operators and blasters recognize the dangers posed by toxic gases from 
blasting and take precautions to manage the risks, many do not. We have 
concluded that the current silence in our regulations on toxic gases 
released during blasting is no longer acceptable and only perpetuates 
the disparities between the various practices of the state regulatory 
authorities. In light of these findings, OSMRE intends to propose a 
number of changes to our regulations. We plan to propose a definition 
of ``blasting area'' to help ensure that the areas affected by blasting 
are properly secured and that the public is adequately protected. We 
also intend to specify that toxic gases are one of the dangers posed by 
blasting. We anticipate clarifying that 30 CFR 816.67(a) and 817.67(a) 
require the proper management of toxic blasting gases in order to 
protect people and property from the adverse effects of coal mining. 
Lastly, we expect to propose amendments to the training and testing 
requirements for certified blasters at 30 CFR 850.13 to ensure that 
blasters can identify and mitigate the impacts of blast fumes.
    We believe that revisions to our regulations, such as those 
described above, will better (1) ensure a level playing field as 
described in section 101(g) of SMCRA, 30 U.S.C. 1201(g), which 
specifies that national standards are essential in order to ensure 
``that competition in interstate commerce among sellers of coal 
produced in different States will not be used to undermine the ability 
of the several States to improve and maintain adequate standards on 
coal mining operations within their borders;'' and, most importantly, 
(2) prevent harm to people and property from blasting associated with 
surface coal mining operations.

VI. Procedural Matters and Required Determinations

    This notice is not a proposed or final rule, policy, or guidance. 
Therefore, it is not subject to the Regulatory Flexibility Act, the 
Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act, the Paperwork 
Reduction Act, the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act, or Executive Orders 
12866, 13563, 12630, 13132, 12988, 13175, and 13211. We will conduct 
the analyses required by these laws and executive orders when we 
develop a proposed rule.
    In developing this notice, we did not conduct or use a study, 
experiment, or survey requiring peer review under the Information 
Quality Act (Pub. L. 106-554, section 15).
    This notice is not subject to the requirement to prepare an 
Environmental Assessment or Environmental Impact Statement under the 
National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), 42 U.S.C. 4332(2)(C), because 
no proposed action, as described in 40 CFR 1508.18(a) and (b), yet 
exists. This notice only announces the Director's decision to grant the 
petition and initiate rulemaking. We will prepare the appropriate NEPA 
compliance documents as part of the rulemaking process.

    Dated: February 3, 2015.
Joseph G. Pizarchik,
Director, Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement.
[FR Doc. 2015-03407 Filed 2-19-15; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4310-05-P



                                                 9256                    Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 34 / Friday, February 20, 2015 / Proposed Rules

                                                 PART 221—LOW COST AND                                   PART 241—SUPPLEMENTARY                                requested that we revise our current
                                                 MODERATE INCOME MORTGAGE                                FINANCING FOR INSURED PROJECT                         regulations to prohibit visible nitrogen
                                                 INSURANCE—SAVINGS CLAUSE                                MORTGAGES                                             oxide clouds during blasting. The
                                                                                                                                                               Director has decided to grant the
                                                 ■  11. The authority citation for part 221              ■  19. The authority citation for part 241            petition in principle, and although we
                                                 is revised to read as follows:                          is revised to read as follows:                        do not intend to propose the specific
                                                   Authority: 12 U.S.C. 1715b, 1715l and                   Authority: 12 U.S.C. 1715b, 1715z–6 and             rule changes requested in the petition,
                                                 1735d; 42 U.S.C. 3535(d).                               1735d; 42 U.S.C. 3535(d).                             will instead initiate a rulemaking to
                                                                                                         ■ 20. Revise § 241.261, to read as                    address this issue as discussed more
                                                 § 221.762   [Amended].
                                                                                                         follows:                                              fully below.
                                                 ■ 12. In § 221.762, remove and reserve
                                                                                                                                                               DATES: February 20, 2015.
                                                 paragraph (a).                                          § 241.261    Payment of insurance benefits.
                                                                                                           All of the provisions of § 207.259 of               ADDRESSES: Copies of the petition and
                                                 PART 232—MORTGAGE INSURANCE                             this chapter relating to insurance                    other relevant materials comprising the
                                                 FOR NURSING HOMES,                                      benefits shall apply to multifamily loans             administrative record of this petition are
                                                 INTERMEDIATE CARE FACILITIES,                           insured under this subpart.                           available for public review and copying
                                                 BOARD AND CARE HOMES, AND                               ■ 21. Revise § 241.885(a), to read as                 at the Office of Surface Mining
                                                 ASSISTED LIVING FACILITIES                              follows:                                              Reclamation and Enforcement,
                                                                                                                                                               Administrative Record, Room 252 SIB,
                                                 ■  13. The authority citation for part 232              § 241.885    Insurance benefits.                      1951 Constitution Avenue NW.,
                                                 is revised to read as follows:                            (a) Method of payment. Payment of                   Washington, DC 20240.
                                                   Authority: 12 U.S.C. 1715b, 1715w, 1735d              insurance claims shall be made in cash,               FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
                                                 and 1735f–19; 42 U.S.C. 3535(d).                        in debentures, or in a combination of                 Joshua Rockwell, Division of Regulatory
                                                 ■ 14. Revise § 232.885(a), to read as                   both, as determined by the                            Support, 1951 Constitution Ave. NW.,
                                                 follows:                                                Commissioner either at, or prior to, the              Washington, DC 20240; Telephone:
                                                                                                         time of payment.                                      202–208–2633; Email: jrockwell@
                                                 § 232.885   Insurance benefits.                         *     *    *     *     *                              osmre.gov.
                                                   (a) Method of payment. Payment of an                  ■ 22. Revise § 241.1205, to read as
                                                 insurance claim shall be made in cash,                  follows:                                              SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
                                                 in debentures, or in a combination of                   § 241.1205    Payment of insurance benefits.          Table of Contents
                                                 both, as determined by the
                                                                                                           All the provisions of § 207.259 of this             I. How does the petition process operate?
                                                 Commissioner either at, or prior to, the                                                                      II. What is the substance of the petition?
                                                                                                         chapter relating to insurance benefits
                                                 time of payment.                                                                                              III. What do our current regulations regarding
                                                                                                         shall apply to an equity or acquisition
                                                 *     *    *     *     *                                loan insured under subpart F of this                       the use of explosives require?
                                                                                                                                                               IV. What comments did we receive and how
                                                 PART 235—MORTGAGE INSURANCE                             part.                                                      did we address them?
                                                 AND ASSISTANCE PAYMENTS FOR                               Dated: January 15, 2015.                            V. What is the Director’s decision?
                                                 HOME OWNERSHIP AND PROJECT                              Biniam Gebre,                                         VI. Procedural Matters and Determinations
                                                 REHABILITATION                                          Acting Assistant Secretary for Housing—               I. How does the petition process
                                                                                                         Federal Housing Commissioner.                         operate?
                                                 ■  15. The authority citation for part 235              [FR Doc. 2015–03457 Filed 2–19–15; 8:45 am]
                                                 is revised to read as follows:                                                                                   On April 18, 2014, we received a
                                                                                                         BILLING CODE 4210–67–P
                                                   Authority: 12 U.S.C. 1715b, 1715z and                                                                       petition from WildEarth Guardians
                                                 1735d; 42 U.S.C. 3535(d).                                                                                     (petitioner) requesting that OSMRE
                                                                                                         DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR                            promulgate rules to prohibit the
                                                 ■ 16. Revise § 235.215, to read as
                                                                                                                                                               production of visible nitrogen oxides
                                                 follows:
                                                                                                         Office of Surface Mining Reclamation                  (NOX) emissions (including nitric oxide
                                                 § 235.215   Method of paying insurance                  and Enforcement                                       and nitrogen dioxide) during blasting at
                                                 benefits.                                                                                                     surface coal mining operations in order
                                                   If the application for insurance                      30 CFR Parts 816 and 817                              to protect the health, welfare, and safety
                                                 benefits is acceptable to the Secretary,                [Docket ID: OSM–2014–0003; S1D1S                      of the public and of mine workers and
                                                 the insurance claim shall be paid in                    SS08011000 SX066A00067F 134S180110;                   to prevent injury to persons. WildEarth
                                                 cash, in debentures, or in a combination                S2D2S SS08011000 SX066A00 33F                         Guardians submitted this petition
                                                 of both, as determined by the                           13XS501520]                                           pursuant to section 201(g) of the Surface
                                                 Commissioner either at, or prior to, the                                                                      Mining Control and Reclamation Act of
                                                 time of payment.                                        Petition To Initiate Rulemaking; Use of               1977 (SMCRA), 30 U.S.C. 1201(g),
                                                                                                         Explosives on Surface Coal Mining                     which provides that any person may
                                                 PART 236—MORTGAGE INSURANCE                             Operations                                            petition the Director of OSMRE to
                                                 AND INTEREST REDUCTION                                  AGENCY: Office of Surface Mining                      initiate a proceeding for the issuance,
                                                 PAYMENT FOR RENTAL PROJECTS                             Reclamation and Enforcement, Interior.                amendment, or repeal of any regulation
                                                                                                                                                               adopted under SMCRA. OSMRE
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                                                 ■  17. The authority citation for part 236              ACTION: Decision on petition for
                                                                                                                                                               adopted regulations at 30 CFR 700.12 to
                                                 is revised to read as follows:                          rulemaking.
                                                                                                                                                               implement this statutory provision.
                                                   Authority: 12 U.S.C. 1715b, 1715z–1 and               SUMMARY:   We, the Office of Surface                     In accordance with our regulation at
                                                 1735d; 42 U.S.C. 3535(d).                               Mining Reclamation and Enforcement                    30 CFR 700.12(c), we determined that
                                                                                                         (OSMRE or OSM), are announcing our                    WildEarth Guardians’ petition set forth
                                                 § 236.265   [Amended].                                  final decision on a petition for                      ‘‘facts, technical justification and law’’
                                                 ■ 18. In § 236.265, remove and reserve                  rulemaking that was submitted by                      establishing a ‘‘reasonable basis’’ for
                                                 paragraph (a).                                          WildEarth Guardians. The petition                     amending our regulations. Therefore, on


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                                                                         Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 34 / Friday, February 20, 2015 / Proposed Rules                                           9257

                                                 July 25, 2014, we published a notice in                 limited in order to ‘‘prevent injury to               organizations related to the explosives,
                                                 the Federal Register (79 FR 43326)                      persons. . . and damage to public and                 manufacturing, and mining industries.
                                                 seeking comments on whether we                          private property outside the permit                      Those in support of the petition were
                                                 should grant or deny the petition. The                  area.’’                                               primarily concerned that our current
                                                 comment period closed on September                        The petitioner asserts that revisions to            regulations do not provide for adequate
                                                 25, 2014. One hundred nineteen persons                  our existing regulations are necessary to             protection from fumes generated by
                                                 submitted comments during the public                    close a gap with regard to regulation of              blasting, including, but not limited to,
                                                 comment period.                                         NOX emissions. The petitioner                         NOX fumes. Additionally, some of these
                                                    After reviewing the petition and                     requested that we ‘‘remedy this                       commenters alleged that not all of the
                                                 public comments, the Director has                       regulatory gap and promulgate explicit                state regulatory authorities are willing to
                                                 decided to grant WildEarth Guardians’                   and enforceable standards to ensure that              regulate toxic gases produced during
                                                 petition. Pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 553(e) and               when explosives are used at coal mining               blasting. These commenters contend
                                                 section 201(c)(2) of SMCRA, 30 U.S.C.                   operations, emissions of nitrogen oxides              that the lack of regulation by some state
                                                 1211(c)(2), we plan to initiate                         are controlled to prevent injury to                   regulatory authorities is due to
                                                 rulemaking and publish a notice of                      persons and to protect the general                    OSMRE’s regulatory silence on the
                                                 proposed rulemaking with an                             health, welfare, and safety of the public             specific issue of NOX emissions.
                                                 appropriate public comment period.                      and mine workers.’’                                      The comments received from those
                                                 Although we are still considering the                     The petitioner suggested that we                    opposed to the rulemaking expressed
                                                 content of the proposed rule, we expect                 revise 30 CFR 816.67 and 817.67 by                    concern that the petitioner’s suggested
                                                 that it will contain clarifications to our              adding a new paragraph (f) to read:                   rule language would create, ‘‘an
                                                 regulations to ensure that operators and                                                                      unlawful, unnecessary, and unattainable
                                                                                                         (1) Blasting shall be conducted so as to
                                                 surface coal mining regulatory                          prevent visible emissions of nitrogen oxides,         emissions standard under OSMRE’s
                                                 authorities protect people and property                 including nitrogen dioxide, and (2) The               federal regulatory program’’ that would
                                                 from toxic gases and fumes generated by                 operator shall visually monitor all blasting          effectively prevent operators from coal
                                                 blasting at surface mine sites. However,                activities (through the use of remote                 mining altogether. Several of the
                                                 OSMRE does not intend to propose the                    surveillance or other acceptable methods for          comments opposing the petition
                                                 petitioner’s suggested rule language                    detecting visible emissions) and within 24-           referred to In re Permanent Surface Min.
                                                 because the petitioner’s language                       hours report in writing any instances of              Regulation Litig. I, Round II, 1980 U.S.
                                                 focused solely on nitrogen oxide                        visible emissions of nitrogen oxides to the           Dist. LEXIS 17660 at *43–44 (D.D.C.,
                                                 emissions, instead of all blast-generated               regulatory authority.                                 May 16, 1980), which held that we
                                                 fumes and toxic gases.                                                                                        could not regulate fugitive dust from
                                                                                                         III. What do our current regulations                  blasting. These commenters contend
                                                 II. What is the substance of the petition?              regarding the use of explosives require?              that this precedent prevents OSMRE
                                                    WildEarth Guardians’ petition states:                   Our current regulations at 30 CFR                  from regulating visible NOX clouds
                                                 ‘‘Too often, blasting at coal mines leads               816.67 and 817.67 establish a                         produced by blasting. In addition, the
                                                 to the production of dangerous levels of                framework for addressing the adverse                  commenters opposing the petition noted
                                                 nitrogen dioxide emissions, which are                   effects associated with the use of                    that SMCRA and the implementing
                                                 seen as orange to red clouds. These                     explosives. Paragraph (a) of both                     regulations already contain adequate
                                                 clouds of toxic gas represent significant               sections mirrors the language in SMCRA                protection from the effects of blasting; as
                                                 threats to public health and welfare and                section 515(b)(15)(C)(i)–(ii), 30 U.S.C.              support for this position, they cite
                                                 must be curtailed to prevent injuries to                1265(b)(15)(C)(i)–(ii). It states that                primarily to section 515 of SMCRA, 30
                                                 persons as required by SMCRA.’’ The                     blasting shall be conducted to prevent                CFR 780.13, 816.61–816.68, 817.61–
                                                 petition requests that OSMRE amend                      injury to persons, damage to public or                817.68, part 842, and part 850, as well
                                                 our regulations at 30 CFR 816.67                        private property outside the permit area.             as the equivalent provisions in the state
                                                 (surface mining) and 817.67                             The remaining paragraphs in 30 CFR                    regulatory programs.
                                                 (underground mining) to prohibit                        816.67 and 817.67 contain specific
                                                 visible NOX emissions during blasting                                                                         V. What is the Director’s decision?
                                                                                                         performance standards for airblast,
                                                 and to require that the operator visually               flyrock, and ground vibration.                          After reviewing the petition and
                                                 monitor all blasting activities and report                 In addition, our regulation 30 CFR                 supporting materials, and after careful
                                                 all instances of visible emissions of NOX               843.11(a)(1)(i) requires that an inspector            consideration of all comments received,
                                                 to the regulatory authority. The                        order the cessation of any surface coal               the Director has decided to grant the
                                                 petitioner asserts that exposure to low                 mining and reclamation operations if an               petition. However, we do not plan to
                                                 levels of NOX gases may cause                           imminent danger to the health or safety               propose adoption of the specific
                                                 ‘‘irritation of eyes, nose, throat, and                 of the public exists.                                 regulatory changes suggested by the
                                                 lungs.’’ According to the petitioner,                                                                         petitioner. Instead, we intend to propose
                                                 exposure to high levels of NOX gases                    IV. What comments did we receive and                  regulatory changes to ensure that
                                                 may cause ‘‘rapid burning, spasms, and                  how did we address them?                              operators and regulatory authorities
                                                 swelling of the throat and upper                           We received 119 comments on the                    prevent injury to people and damage to
                                                 respiratory tract issues, as well as                    petition for rulemaking. These                        property from any harm that could
                                                 death.’’                                                comments can be divided into two                      result from all toxic gases generated by
                                                    In support of its petition, petitioner               major groups: Those in favor of the                   blasting at coal mines, including NOX
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                                                 cites SMCRA section 102(a), 30 U.S.C.                   rulemaking (over two-thirds) and those                and carbon monoxide (CO).
                                                 1202(a), which lists one of SMCRA’s                     opposed (less than one-third). The                      It is undisputed that when blasting is
                                                 goals as ‘‘protect[ing] society and the                 comments in favor of the petition                     not properly conducted, it can cause
                                                 environment from the adverse effects of                 generally came from citizens and groups               damage to property and injury to
                                                 surface coal mining operations,’’ as well               that seek to protect the public and                   people. Despite this fact, during our
                                                 as SMCRA section 515(b)(15)(C)(i)–(ii),                 environment. In contrast, those                       evaluation of the petition and the
                                                 30 U.S.C. 1265(b)(15)(C)(i)–(ii), which                 comments opposed generally came from                  comments, we discovered that there is
                                                 states that blasting activities should be               citizens, state regulatory authorities, and           a difference in how the state regulatory


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                                                 9258                    Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 34 / Friday, February 20, 2015 / Proposed Rules

                                                 authorities are addressing toxic fumes                  13132, 12988, 13175, and 13211. We                       1. www.regulations.gov: Follow the
                                                 generated by blasting. Some, but not all,               will conduct the analyses required by                 on-line instructions for submitting
                                                 state regulatory authorities have taken                 these laws and executive orders when                  comments.
                                                 permitting or enforcement actions in                    we develop a proposed rule.                              2. Email: Aburano.Douglas@epa.gov.
                                                 response to toxic fumes released during                   In developing this notice, we did not                  3. Fax: (312) 408–2279.
                                                 blasting. Others, however, are hesitant                 conduct or use a study, experiment, or                   4. Mail: Douglas Aburano, Chief,
                                                 to act because they believe our                         survey requiring peer review under the                Attainment Planning and Maintenance
                                                 regulations, as currently written, are                  Information Quality Act (Pub. L. 106–                 Section, Air Programs Branch (AR–18J),
                                                 ambiguous as to whether and how toxic                   554, section 15).                                     U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
                                                 gases should be controlled. Likewise,                     This notice is not subject to the                   77 West Jackson Boulevard, Chicago,
                                                 while a number of mine operators and                    requirement to prepare an                             Illinois 60604.
                                                 blasters recognize the dangers posed by                 Environmental Assessment or                              5. Hand Delivery: Douglas Aburano,
                                                 toxic gases from blasting and take                      Environmental Impact Statement under                  Chief, Attainment Planning and
                                                 precautions to manage the risks, many                   the National Environmental Policy Act                 Maintenance Section, Air Programs
                                                 do not. We have concluded that the                      (NEPA), 42 U.S.C. 4332(2)(C), because                 Branch (AR–18J), U.S. Environmental
                                                 current silence in our regulations on                   no proposed action, as described in 40                Protection Agency, 77 West Jackson
                                                 toxic gases released during blasting is                 CFR 1508.18(a) and (b), yet exists. This              Boulevard, Chicago, Illinois 60604.
                                                 no longer acceptable and only                           notice only announces the Director’s                  Such deliveries are only accepted
                                                 perpetuates the disparities between the                 decision to grant the petition and                    during the Regional Office normal hours
                                                 various practices of the state regulatory               initiate rulemaking. We will prepare the              of operation, and special arrangements
                                                 authorities. In light of these findings,                appropriate NEPA compliance                           should be made for deliveries of boxed
                                                 OSMRE intends to propose a number of                    documents as part of the rulemaking                   information. The Regional Office official
                                                 changes to our regulations. We plan to                  process.                                              hours of business are Monday through
                                                 propose a definition of ‘‘blasting area’’                 Dated: February 3, 2015.                            Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., excluding
                                                 to help ensure that the areas affected by
                                                                                                         Joseph G. Pizarchik,                                  Federal holidays.
                                                 blasting are properly secured and that
                                                 the public is adequately protected. We                  Director, Office of Surface Mining                    Please see the direct final rule which is
                                                                                                         Reclamation and Enforcement.                          located in the Rules section of this
                                                 also intend to specify that toxic gases
                                                 are one of the dangers posed by blasting.               [FR Doc. 2015–03407 Filed 2–19–15; 8:45 am]           Federal Register for detailed
                                                 We anticipate clarifying that 30 CFR                    BILLING CODE 4310–05–P                                instructions on how to submit
                                                 816.67(a) and 817.67(a) require the                                                                           comments.
                                                 proper management of toxic blasting                                                                           FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
                                                 gases in order to protect people and                    ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION                              Douglas Aburano, Section Chief,
                                                 property from the adverse effects of coal               AGENCY                                                Attainment Planning and Maintenance
                                                 mining. Lastly, we expect to propose                                                                          Section, Air Programs Branch (AR–18J),
                                                 amendments to the training and testing                  40 CFR Part 52
                                                                                                                                                               Environmental Protection Agency,
                                                 requirements for certified blasters at 30               [EPA–R05–OAR–2014–0504; FRL–9921–43–                  Region 5, 77 West Jackson Boulevard,
                                                 CFR 850.13 to ensure that blasters can                  Region 5]                                             Chicago, Illinois 60604, (312) 353–6960,
                                                 identify and mitigate the impacts of                                                                          Aburano.Douglas@epa.gov.
                                                 blast fumes.                                            Approval and Promulgation of Air
                                                   We believe that revisions to our                      Quality Implementation Plans; Illinois;               SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: In the
                                                 regulations, such as those described                    VOM Definition                                        Final Rules section of this Federal
                                                 above, will better (1) ensure a level                                                                         Register, EPA is approving the State’s
                                                 playing field as described in section                   AGENCY:  Environmental Protection                     SIP submittal as a direct final rule
                                                 101(g) of SMCRA, 30 U.S.C. 1201(g),                     Agency.                                               without prior proposal because the
                                                 which specifies that national standards                 ACTION: Proposed rule.                                Agency views this as a noncontroversial
                                                 are essential in order to ensure ‘‘that                                                                       submittal and anticipates no adverse
                                                                                                         SUMMARY:   The Environmental Protection               comments. A detailed rationale for the
                                                 competition in interstate commerce                      Agency (EPA) is proposing to approve a
                                                 among sellers of coal produced in                                                                             approval is set forth in the direct final
                                                                                                         revision to the Illinois State                        rule. If no adverse comments are
                                                 different States will not be used to
                                                                                                         Implementation Plan. The revision                     received in response to this rule, no
                                                 undermine the ability of the several
                                                                                                         amends the Illinois Administrative Code               further activity is contemplated. If EPA
                                                 States to improve and maintain
                                                                                                         by updating the definition of volatile                receives adverse comments, the direct
                                                 adequate standards on coal mining
                                                                                                         organic material or volatile organic                  final rule will be withdrawn and all
                                                 operations within their borders;’’ and,
                                                                                                         compound to exclude additional                        public comments received will be
                                                 most importantly, (2) prevent harm to
                                                                                                         compounds. This revision is in response               addressed in a subsequent final rule
                                                 people and property from blasting
                                                                                                         to EPA rulemakings in 2013 which                      based on this proposed rule. EPA will
                                                 associated with surface coal mining
                                                                                                         exempted these chemical compounds                     not institute a second comment period.
                                                 operations.
                                                                                                         from the Federal definition of volatile               Any parties interested in commenting
                                                 VI. Procedural Matters and Required                     organic compounds because, in their                   on this action should do so at this time.
                                                 Determinations                                          intended uses, the compounds have a                   Please note that if EPA receives adverse
Rmajette on DSK2VPTVN1PROD with PROPOSALS




                                                   This notice is not a proposed or final                negligible contribution to tropospheric               comment on an amendment, paragraph,
                                                 rule, policy, or guidance. Therefore, it is             ozone formation.                                      or section of this rule and if that
                                                 not subject to the Regulatory Flexibility               DATES: Comments must be received on                   provision may be severed from the
                                                 Act, the Small Business Regulatory                      or before March 23, 2015.                             remainder of the rule, EPA may adopt
                                                 Enforcement Fairness Act, the                           ADDRESSES: Submit your comments,                      as final those provisions of the rule that
                                                 Paperwork Reduction Act, the                            identified by Docket ID No. EPA–R05–                  are not the subject of an adverse
                                                 Unfunded Mandates Reform Act, or                        OAR–2014–0504, by one of the                          comment. For additional information,
                                                 Executive Orders 12866, 13563, 12630,                   following methods:                                    see the direct final rule which is located


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Document Created: 2015-12-18 13:02:02
Document Modified: 2015-12-18 13:02:02
CategoryRegulatory Information
CollectionFederal Register
sudoc ClassAE 2.7:
GS 4.107:
AE 2.106:
PublisherOffice of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Administration
SectionProposed Rules
ActionDecision on petition for rulemaking.
DatesFebruary 20, 2015.
ContactJoshua Rockwell, Division of Regulatory Support, 1951 Constitution Ave. NW., Washington, DC 20240; Telephone: 202-208-2633; Email: [email protected]
FR Citation80 FR 9256 
CFR Citation30 CFR 816
30 CFR 817

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