81_FR_66805 81 FR 66617 - Reclassification of the Sheboygan, Wisconsin Area To Moderate Nonattainment for the 2008 Ozone NAAQS

81 FR 66617 - Reclassification of the Sheboygan, Wisconsin Area To Moderate Nonattainment for the 2008 Ozone NAAQS

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

Federal Register Volume 81, Issue 188 (September 28, 2016)

Page Range66617-66619
FR Document2016-23294

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is proposing to determine that the Sheboygan, Wisconsin area (Sheboygan County) has failed to attain the 2008 ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) by the applicable attainment date of July 20, 2016, and that this area is not eligible for an extension of the attainment date. EPA is proposing to reclassify this area as ``moderate'' nonattainment for the 2008 ozone NAAQS. Once reclassified as moderate, the State of Wisconsin must submit State Implementation Plan (SIP) revisions that meet the statutory and regulatory requirements that apply to areas classified as moderate nonattainment for the 2008 ozone NAAQS. EPA is proposing to require submission of the necessary moderate area SIP revisions as expeditiously as practicable, but no later than January 1, 2017.

Federal Register, Volume 81 Issue 188 (Wednesday, September 28, 2016)
[Federal Register Volume 81, Number 188 (Wednesday, September 28, 2016)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 66617-66619]
From the Federal Register Online  [www.thefederalregister.org]
[FR Doc No: 2016-23294]


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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

40 CFR Part 81

[EPA-R05-OAR-2016-0277; FRL-9953-09-Region 5]


Reclassification of the Sheboygan, Wisconsin Area To Moderate 
Nonattainment for the 2008 Ozone NAAQS

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

ACTION: Proposed rule.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

SUMMARY: The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is proposing to 
determine that the Sheboygan, Wisconsin area (Sheboygan County) has 
failed to attain the 2008 ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standards 
(NAAQS) by the applicable attainment date of July 20, 2016, and that 
this area is not eligible for an extension of the attainment date. EPA 
is proposing to reclassify this area as ``moderate'' nonattainment for 
the 2008 ozone NAAQS. Once reclassified as moderate, the State of 
Wisconsin must submit State Implementation Plan (SIP) revisions that 
meet the statutory and regulatory requirements that apply to areas 
classified as moderate nonattainment for the 2008 ozone NAAQS. EPA is 
proposing to require submission of the necessary moderate area SIP 
revisions as expeditiously as practicable, but no later than January 1, 
2017.

DATES: Comments must be received on or before October 28, 2016.

ADDRESSES: Submit your comments, identified by Docket ID No. EPA-R05-
OAR-2016-0277 at http://www.regulations.gov or via email to 
[email protected]. For comments submitted at Regulations.gov, 
follow the online instructions for submitting comments. Once submitted, 
comments cannot be edited or removed from Regulations.gov. For either 
manner of submission, EPA may publish any comment received to its 
public docket. Do not submit electronically any information you 
consider to be Confidential Business Information (CBI) or other 
information whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Multimedia 
submissions (audio, video, etc.) must be accompanied by a written 
comment. The written comment is considered the official comment and 
should include discussion of all points you wish to make. EPA will 
generally not consider comments or comment contents located outside of 
the primary submission (i.e. on the web, cloud, or other file sharing 
system). For additional submission methods, please contact the person 
identified in the For Further Information Contact section. For the full 
EPA public comment policy, information about CBI or multimedia 
submissions, and general guidance on making effective comments, please 
visit http://www2.epa.gov/dockets/commenting-epa-dockets.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Kathleen D'Agostino, Environmental 
Scientist, Attainment Planning and Maintenance Section, Air Programs 
Branch (AR-18J), Environmental Protection Agency, Region 5, 77 West 
Jackson Boulevard, Chicago, Illinois 60604, (312) 886-1767, 
[email protected].

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Throughout this document whenever ``we,'' 
``us,'' or ``our'' is used, we mean EPA. This supplementary information 
section is arranged as follows:

I. Background
II. How does EPA determine whether an area has attained the 2008 
ozone standard?
III. What is EPA proposing and what is the rationale?
IV. Summary of Proposed Actions
V. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

I. Background

    On April 30, 2012, the Sheboygan area was designated as 
nonattainment for the 2008 ozone NAAQS and was classified as marginal, 
effective July 20, 2012 (77 FR 30088, May 21, 2012). On March 6, 2015 
(80 FR 12264), in the implementation rule for the 2008 ozone

[[Page 66618]]

NAAQS, EPA established an attainment deadline of July 20, 2015, for 
marginal areas.
    Clean Air Act (CAA) section 181(b)(2) requires EPA to determine, 
based on an area's ozone design value \1\ as of the area's attainment 
deadline, whether the area has attained the ozone standard by that 
date. The statute provides a mechanism by which states that meet 
certain criteria may request and be granted by the EPA Administrator a 
one-year extension of an area's attainment deadline. The CAA also 
requires that areas that have not attained the standard by their 
attainment deadlines be reclassified to either the next ``highest'' 
classification (e.g., marginal to moderate, moderate to serious, etc.) 
or to the classifications applicable to the areas' design values.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \1\ An area's ozone design value for the eight-hour ozone NAAQS 
is the highest three-year average of the annual fourth-highest daily 
maximum eight-hour average concentrations of all monitors in the 
area. To determine whether an area has attained the ozone NAAQS 
prior to the attainment date, EPA considers the monitor-specific 
ozone design values in the area for the most recent three years with 
complete, quality-assured monitored ozone data prior to the 
attainment deadline.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On May 4, 2016 (81 FR 26697), based on EPA's evaluation and 
determination that the area met the attainment date extension criteria 
of CAA section 181(8)(5), EPA granted the Sheboygan area a one-year 
extension of the marginal area attainment date to July 20, 2016.

II. How does EPA determine whether an area has attained the 2008 ozone 
standard?

    Under EPA regulations at 40 CFR part 50, appendix P, the 2008 ozone 
NAAQS is attained at a site when the three-year average of the annual 
fourth-highest daily maximum eight-hour average ambient air quality 
ozone concentration is less than or equal to 0.075 parts per million 
(ppm). This three-year average is referred to as the design value. When 
the design value is less than or equal to 0.075 ppm at each ambient air 
quality monitoring site within the area, then the area is deemed to be 
meeting the NAAQS. The rounding convention under 40 CFR part 50, 
appendix P, dictates that concentrations shall be reported in ppm to 
the third decimal place, with additional digits to the right being 
truncated. Thus, a computed three-year average ozone concentration of 
0.076 ppm is greater than 0.075 ppm and, therefore, over the standard.
    EPA's determination is based upon data that have been collected and 
quality-assured in accordance with 40 CFR part 58 and recorded in EPA's 
Air Quality System database (formerly known as the Aerometric 
Information Retrieval System). Ambient air quality monitoring data for 
the three-year period must meet a data completeness requirement. The 
ambient air quality monitoring data completeness requirement is met 
when the average percent of required monitoring days with valid ambient 
monitoring data is greater than 90 percent, and no single year has less 
than 75 percent data completeness as determined according to appendix P 
of part 50.

III. What is EPA proposing and what is the rationale?

A. Determination of Failure To Attain and Reclassification

    EPA is issuing this proposal pursuant to the agency's statutory 
obligation under CAA section 181(b)(2) to determine whether the 
Sheboygan nonattainment area has attained the 2008 ozone NAAQS by the 
applicable attainment date of July 20, 2016. In this action, EPA is 
proposing to determine that the Sheboygan area failed to attain the 
2008 ozone NAAQS by the applicable attainment date of July 20, 2016. 
This area is not eligible for an additional one-year attainment date 
extension because, at 0.076 ppm, the average of the 2014 and 2015 
annual fourth highest daily maximum eight-hour average ozone 
concentrations for the monitor in the area is greater than 0.075 ppm. 
(2014 and 2015 are the last two full years of complete air quality data 
prior to the July 20, 2016, attainment date.) Table 2 shows the 
relevant monitoring data for the Sheboygan area.

                                                                         Table 2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                                                            2013-2015
                Area                          County                  Monitor          2013  4th high   2014  4th high   2015  4th high      Average
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sheboygan, WI.......................  Sheboygan.............  Kohler Andre Park                0.078            0.072            0.081            0.077
                                                               551170006.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    CAA section 181(b)(2)(A) provides that a marginal nonattainment 
area shall be reclassified by operation of law upon a determination by 
the EPA that such area failed to attain the relevant NAAQS by the 
applicable attainment date. Based on quality-assured ozone monitoring 
data from 2013-2015, as shown in Table 2, the new classification 
applicable to the Sheboygan area would be the next higher 
classification of ``moderate'' under the CAA statutory scheme.\2\
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    \2\ The 2013-2015 design value the Sheboygan area does not 
exceed 0.100 ppm, which is the threshold for reclassifying an area 
to serious per CAA section 181(b)(2)(A)(ii) and 40 CFR 51.1103.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Moderate nonattainment areas are required to attain the standard 
``as expeditiously as practicable'' but no later than six years after 
the initial designation as nonattainment (which, in the case of the 
Sheboygan area, is July 20, 2018). The attainment deadlines associated 
with each classification are prescribed by the CAA and codified at 40 
CFR 51.1103.

B. Moderate Area SIP Revision Submission Deadline

    Wisconsin will be required to submit a revised SIP that addresses 
the CAA's moderate nonattainment area requirements, as interpreted and 
described in the final ozone NAAQS. See 40 CFR 51.1100 et seq. Those 
requirements include: (1) An attainment demonstration (CAA section 
182(b) and 40 CFR 51.1108); (2) provisions for volatile organic 
compounds (VOC) and nitrogen oxides (NOX) reasonably 
available control technology (RACT) (CAA section 182(b)(2) and 40 CFR 
51.1112(a)-(b)) and reasonably available control measures (RACM) (CAA 
section 172(c)(1) and 40 CFR 51.1112(c)); (3) reasonable further 
progress (RFP) reductions in VOC and/or NOx emissions in the area (CAA 
sections 172(c)(2) and 182(b)(1) and 40 CFR 51.1110); (4) contingency 
measures to be implemented in the event of failure to meet a milestone 
or to attain the standard (CAA section 172(c)(9)); (5) a vehicle 
inspection and maintenance program, if applicable (CAA section 
181(b)(4) and 40 CFR 51.350); and, (6) NOX and VOC emission 
offsets at a ratio of 1.15 to 1 for major source permits (CAA section 
182(b)(5) and 40 CFR 51.165(a)). See also the requirements for moderate 
ozone nonattainment areas set

[[Page 66619]]

forth in CAA section 182(b) and the general nonattainment plan 
provisions required under CAA section 172(c).
    When an area is reclassified under CAA section 181(b)(2), CAA 
section 182(i) requires the state to meet the new requirements 
according to the schedules prescribed in those requirements. It 
provides, however, ``that the Administrator may adjust any applicable 
deadlines (other than attainment dates) to the extent such adjustment 
is necessary or appropriate to assure consistency among the required 
submissions.'' CAA section 182(b), as interpreted by 40 CFR 51.1100 et 
seq., describes the required SIP revisions and associated deadlines for 
a nonattainment area classified as moderate at the time of the initial 
designations. However, these SIP submission deadlines (e.g., three 
years after the effective date of designation for submission of an 
attainment plan and attainment demonstration) have already passed. 
Accordingly, EPA is proposing to exercise its discretion under CAA 
section 182(i) to adjust the SIP submittal deadlines for the Sheboygan 
area.
    In determining an appropriate deadline for the moderate area SIP 
revisions for the Sheboygan area, EPA notes that, pursuant to 40 CFR 
51.1108(d), the state must provide for implementation of all control 
measures needed for attainment no later than the beginning of the 
attainment year ozone season. The attainment year ozone season is the 
ozone season immediately preceding a nonattainment area's attainment 
date. In the case of nonattainment areas classified as moderate for the 
2008 ozone NAAQS, the attainment year ozone season is the 2017 ozone 
season (40 CFR 51.1100(h)).
    Further, in the implementation rule for the 2008 ozone NAAQS, EPA 
established the requirement for areas to implement RACT measures as 
expeditiously as practicable, but no later than January 1 of the fifth 
year after the effective date of a nonattainment designation. (81 FR 
12280) For the nonattainment designations that were effective July 20, 
2012, this would require RACT measures (for areas where they are 
required) to be implemented by January 1, 2017. This implementation 
deadline ensured that RACT measures would be required to be in place no 
later than the last ozone season prior to the moderate area attainment 
date of July 20, 2018.
    The January 1, 2017, SIP submission deadline is consistent with the 
SIP submission deadline established for all other Marginal 
nonattainment areas in the country that were recently reclassified to 
Moderate for the 2008 ozone NAAQS,\3\ and is consistent with the 
timeframes in the CAA as codified in the EPA's implementing 
regulations. Accordingly, EPA is proposing to require Wisconsin to 
submit the required SIP revisions no later than January 1, 2017.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \3\ See 81 FR 26697 (May 4, 2016).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

IV. Summary of Proposed Actions

    EPA is proposing to determine that the Sheboygan area failed to 
attain the 2008 ozone NAAQS by the applicable attainment date of July 
20, 2016, is not eligible for an additional one-year attainment date 
extension, and must be reclassified as moderate. EPA is also proposing 
to require Wisconsin to submit SIP revisions to address moderate area 
requirements as expeditiously as practicable, but no later than January 
1, 2017.

V. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

    Under section 181(b)(2) of the CAA, a determination of 
nonattainment is a factual determination based upon air quality 
considerations and the resulting reclassification must occur by 
operation of law. A determination of nonattainment and the resulting 
reclassification of a nonattainment area by operation of law under 
section 181(b)(2) does not in and of itself create any new 
requirements, but rather applies the requirements contained in the CAA. 
For these reasons, this action:
     Is not a significant regulatory action subject to review 
by the Office of Management and Budget under Executive Orders 12866 (58 
FR 51735, October 4, 1993) and 13563 (76 FR 3821, January 21, 2011);
     Does not impose an information collection burden under the 
provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.);
     Is certified as not having a significant economic impact 
on a substantial number of small entities under the Regulatory 
Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.);
     Does not contain any unfunded mandate or significantly or 
uniquely affect small governments, as described in the Unfunded 
Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (Pub. L. 104-4);
     Does not have Federalism implications as specified in 
Executive Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10, 1999);
     Is not an economically significant regulatory action based 
on health or safety risks subject to Executive Order 13045 (62 FR 
19885, April 23, 1997);
     Is not a significant regulatory action subject to 
Executive Order 13211 (66 FR 28355, May 22, 2001);
     Is not subject to requirements of Section 12(d) of the 
National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272 
note) because application of those requirements would be inconsistent 
with the CAA; and
     Does not provide EPA with the discretionary authority to 
address, as appropriate, disproportionate human health or environmental 
effects, using practicable and legally permissible methods, under 
Executive Order 12898 (59 FR 7629, February 16, 1994).
    In addition, the SIP is not approved to apply on any Indian 
reservation land or in any other area where EPA or an Indian tribe has 
demonstrated that a tribe has jurisdiction. In those areas of Indian 
country, the rule does not have tribal implications and will not impose 
substantial direct costs on tribal governments or preempt tribal law as 
specified by Executive Order 13175 (65 FR 67249, November 9, 2000).

List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 81

    Environmental protection, Administrative practice and procedure, 
Air pollution control, Designations and classifications, 
Intergovernmental relations, Nitrogen oxides, Ozone, Reporting and 
recordkeeping requirements, Volatile organic compounds.

    Dated: September 14, 2016.
Robert A. Kaplan,
Acting Regional Administrator, Region 5.
[FR Doc. 2016-23294 Filed 9-27-16; 8:45 am]
 BILLING CODE 6560-50-P



                                                                    Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 188 / Wednesday, September 28, 2016 / Proposed Rules                                           66617

                                                  status of a geographical area and do not                or in any other area where EPA or an                  DATES:   Comments must be received on
                                                  impose any additional regulatory                        Indian tribe has demonstrated that a                  or before October 28, 2016.
                                                  requirements on sources beyond those                    tribe has jurisdiction. In those areas of             ADDRESSES: Submit your comments,
                                                  imposed by state law. A redesignation to                Indian country, this rule does not have               identified by Docket ID No. EPA–R05–
                                                  attainment does not in and of itself                    tribal implications as specified by                   OAR–2016–0277 at http://
                                                  create any new requirements, but rather                 Executive Order 13175 (65 FR 67249,                   www.regulations.gov or via email to
                                                  results in the applicability of                         November 9, 2000), because                            Aburano.Douglas@epa.gov. For
                                                  requirements contained in the CAA for                   redesignation is an action that affects               comments submitted at Regulations.gov,
                                                  areas that have been redesignated to                    the status of a geographical area and                 follow the online instructions for
                                                  attainment. Moreover, the Administrator                 does not impose any new regulatory                    submitting comments. Once submitted,
                                                  is required to approve a SIP submission                 requirements on tribes, impact any                    comments cannot be edited or removed
                                                  that complies with the provisions of the                existing sources of air pollution on                  from Regulations.gov. For either manner
                                                  CAA and applicable Federal regulations.                 tribal lands, nor impair the maintenance              of submission, EPA may publish any
                                                  42 U.S.C. 7410(k); 40 CFR 52.02(a).                     of ozone national ambient air quality                 comment received to its public docket.
                                                  Thus, in reviewing SIP submissions,                     standards in tribal lands.                            Do not submit electronically any
                                                  EPA’s role is to approve state choices,                                                                       information you consider to be
                                                                                                          List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52
                                                  provided that they meet the criteria of                                                                       Confidential Business Information (CBI)
                                                  the CAA. Accordingly, this action                         Environmental protection, Air                       or other information whose disclosure is
                                                  merely approves state law as meeting                    pollution control, Incorporation by                   restricted by statute. Multimedia
                                                  Federal requirements and does not                       reference, Intergovernmental relations,               submissions (audio, video, etc.) must be
                                                  impose additional requirements beyond                   Oxides of nitrogen, Ozone, Volatile                   accompanied by a written comment.
                                                  those imposed by state law. For that                    organic compounds.                                    The written comment is considered the
                                                  reason, this action:                                      Dated: September 19, 2016.                          official comment and should include
                                                     • Is not a significant regulatory action             Robert A. Kaplan,                                     discussion of all points you wish to
                                                  subject to review by the Office of                                                                            make. EPA will generally not consider
                                                                                                          Acting Regional Administrator, Region 5.
                                                  Management and Budget under                                                                                   comments or comment contents located
                                                                                                          [FR Doc. 2016–23301 Filed 9–27–16; 8:45 am]
                                                  Executive Orders 12866 (58 FR 51735,                                                                          outside of the primary submission (i.e.
                                                                                                          BILLING CODE 6560–50–P
                                                  October 4, 1993) and 13563 (76 FR 3821,                                                                       on the web, cloud, or other file sharing
                                                  January 21, 2011);                                                                                            system). For additional submission
                                                     • Does not impose an information                                                                           methods, please contact the person
                                                  collection burden under the provisions                  ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
                                                                                                          AGENCY                                                identified in the FOR FURTHER
                                                  of the Paperwork Reduction Act (44                                                                            INFORMATION CONTACT section. For the
                                                  U.S.C. 3501 et seq.);                                   40 CFR Part 81                                        full EPA public comment policy,
                                                     • Is certified as not having a                                                                             information about CBI or multimedia
                                                  significant economic impact on a                        [EPA–R05–OAR–2016–0277; FRL–9953–09–                  submissions, and general guidance on
                                                  substantial number of small entities                    Region 5]                                             making effective comments, please visit
                                                  under the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5                                                                       http://www2.epa.gov/dockets/
                                                  U.S.C. 601 et seq.);                                    Reclassification of the Sheboygan,
                                                                                                                                                                commenting-epa-dockets.
                                                     • Does not contain any unfunded                      Wisconsin Area To Moderate
                                                  mandate or significantly or uniquely                    Nonattainment for the 2008 Ozone                      FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
                                                  affect small governments, as described                  NAAQS                                                 Kathleen D’Agostino, Environmental
                                                  in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act                                                                           Scientist, Attainment Planning and
                                                  of 1995 (Pub. L. 104–4);                                AGENCY:  Environmental Protection                     Maintenance Section, Air Programs
                                                     • Does not have Federalism                           Agency (EPA).                                         Branch (AR–18J), Environmental
                                                  implications as specified in Executive                  ACTION: Proposed rule.                                Protection Agency, Region 5, 77 West
                                                  Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10,                                                                          Jackson Boulevard, Chicago, Illinois
                                                  1999);                                                  SUMMARY:   The Environmental Protection               60604, (312) 886–1767,
                                                     • Is not an economically significant                 Agency (EPA) is proposing to determine                dagostino.kathleen@epa.gov.
                                                  regulatory action based on health or                    that the Sheboygan, Wisconsin area                    SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
                                                  safety risks subject to Executive Order                 (Sheboygan County) has failed to attain               Throughout this document whenever
                                                  13045 (62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997);                    the 2008 ozone National Ambient Air                   ‘‘we,’’ ‘‘us,’’ or ‘‘our’’ is used, we mean
                                                     • Is not a significant regulatory action             Quality Standards (NAAQS) by the                      EPA. This SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
                                                  subject to Executive Order 13211 (66 FR                 applicable attainment date of July 20,                section is arranged as follows:
                                                  28355, May 22, 2001);                                   2016, and that this area is not eligible
                                                                                                                                                                I. Background
                                                     • Is not subject to requirements of                  for an extension of the attainment date.
                                                                                                                                                                II. How does EPA determine whether an area
                                                  Section 12(d) of the National                           EPA is proposing to reclassify this area
                                                                                                                                                                     has attained the 2008 ozone standard?
                                                  Technology Transfer and Advancement                     as ‘‘moderate’’ nonattainment for the                 III. What is EPA proposing and what is the
                                                  Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272 note) because                2008 ozone NAAQS. Once reclassified                        rationale?
                                                  application of those requirements would                 as moderate, the State of Wisconsin                   IV. Summary of Proposed Actions
                                                  be inconsistent with the CAA; and                       must submit State Implementation Plan                 V. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews
                                                     • Does not provide EPA with the                      (SIP) revisions that meet the statutory
sradovich on DSK3GMQ082PROD with PROPOSALS




                                                                                                          and regulatory requirements that apply                I. Background
                                                  discretionary authority to address, as
                                                  appropriate, disproportionate human                     to areas classified as moderate                         On April 30, 2012, the Sheboygan
                                                  health or environmental effects, using                  nonattainment for the 2008 ozone                      area was designated as nonattainment
                                                  practicable and legally permissible                     NAAQS. EPA is proposing to require                    for the 2008 ozone NAAQS and was
                                                  methods, under Executive Order 12898                    submission of the necessary moderate                  classified as marginal, effective July 20,
                                                  (59 FR 7629, February 16, 1994).                        area SIP revisions as expeditiously as                2012 (77 FR 30088, May 21, 2012). On
                                                     In addition, the SIP is not approved                 practicable, but no later than January 1,             March 6, 2015 (80 FR 12264), in the
                                                  to apply on any Indian reservation land                 2017.                                                 implementation rule for the 2008 ozone


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                                                  66618             Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 188 / Wednesday, September 28, 2016 / Proposed Rules

                                                  NAAQS, EPA established an attainment                    is attained at a site when the three-year               greater than 90 percent, and no single
                                                  deadline of July 20, 2015, for marginal                 average of the annual fourth-highest                    year has less than 75 percent data
                                                  areas.                                                  daily maximum eight-hour average                        completeness as determined according
                                                    Clean Air Act (CAA) section 181(b)(2)                 ambient air quality ozone concentration                 to appendix P of part 50.
                                                  requires EPA to determine, based on an                  is less than or equal to 0.075 parts per
                                                  area’s ozone design value 1 as of the                   million (ppm). This three-year average                  III. What is EPA proposing and what is
                                                  area’s attainment deadline, whether the                 is referred to as the design value. When                the rationale?
                                                  area has attained the ozone standard by                 the design value is less than or equal to               A. Determination of Failure To Attain
                                                  that date. The statute provides a                       0.075 ppm at each ambient air quality                   and Reclassification
                                                  mechanism by which states that meet                     monitoring site within the area, then the
                                                  certain criteria may request and be                     area is deemed to be meeting the                           EPA is issuing this proposal pursuant
                                                  granted by the EPA Administrator a one-                 NAAQS. The rounding convention                          to the agency’s statutory obligation
                                                  year extension of an area’s attainment                  under 40 CFR part 50, appendix P,                       under CAA section 181(b)(2) to
                                                  deadline. The CAA also requires that                    dictates that concentrations shall be                   determine whether the Sheboygan
                                                  areas that have not attained the standard               reported in ppm to the third decimal                    nonattainment area has attained the
                                                  by their attainment deadlines be                        place, with additional digits to the right              2008 ozone NAAQS by the applicable
                                                  reclassified to either the next ‘‘highest’’             being truncated. Thus, a computed                       attainment date of July 20, 2016. In this
                                                  classification (e.g., marginal to                       three-year average ozone concentration                  action, EPA is proposing to determine
                                                  moderate, moderate to serious, etc.) or                 of 0.076 ppm is greater than 0.075 ppm                  that the Sheboygan area failed to attain
                                                  to the classifications applicable to the                and, therefore, over the standard.                      the 2008 ozone NAAQS by the
                                                  areas’ design values.                                                                                           applicable attainment date of July 20,
                                                    On May 4, 2016 (81 FR 26697), based                      EPA’s determination is based upon
                                                  on EPA’s evaluation and determination                   data that have been collected and                       2016. This area is not eligible for an
                                                  that the area met the attainment date                   quality-assured in accordance with 40                   additional one-year attainment date
                                                  extension criteria of CAA section                       CFR part 58 and recorded in EPA’s Air                   extension because, at 0.076 ppm, the
                                                  181(8)(5), EPA granted the Sheboygan                    Quality System database (formerly                       average of the 2014 and 2015 annual
                                                  area a one-year extension of the                        known as the Aerometric Information                     fourth highest daily maximum eight-
                                                  marginal area attainment date to July 20,               Retrieval System). Ambient air quality                  hour average ozone concentrations for
                                                  2016.                                                   monitoring data for the three-year                      the monitor in the area is greater than
                                                                                                          period must meet a data completeness                    0.075 ppm. (2014 and 2015 are the last
                                                  II. How does EPA determine whether                      requirement. The ambient air quality                    two full years of complete air quality
                                                  an area has attained the 2008 ozone                     monitoring data completeness                            data prior to the July 20, 2016,
                                                  standard?                                               requirement is met when the average                     attainment date.) Table 2 shows the
                                                     Under EPA regulations at 40 CFR part                 percent of required monitoring days                     relevant monitoring data for the
                                                  50, appendix P, the 2008 ozone NAAQS                    with valid ambient monitoring data is                   Sheboygan area.

                                                                                                                                TABLE 2
                                                                                                                                                  2013               2014               2015           2013–2015
                                                            Area                          County                       Monitor                  4th high           4th high           4th high          Average

                                                  Sheboygan, WI .............   Sheboygan ..................    Kohler Andre Park                   0.078           0.072              0.081              0.077
                                                                                                                  551170006.



                                                     CAA section 181(b)(2)(A) provides                    associated with each classification are                 51.1112(a)–(b)) and reasonably available
                                                  that a marginal nonattainment area shall                prescribed by the CAA and codified at                   control measures (RACM) (CAA section
                                                  be reclassified by operation of law upon                40 CFR 51.1103.                                         172(c)(1) and 40 CFR 51.1112(c)); (3)
                                                  a determination by the EPA that such                                                                            reasonable further progress (RFP)
                                                  area failed to attain the relevant NAAQS                B. Moderate Area SIP Revision
                                                                                                                                                                  reductions in VOC and/or NOx
                                                  by the applicable attainment date. Based                Submission Deadline
                                                                                                                                                                  emissions in the area (CAA sections
                                                  on quality-assured ozone monitoring                        Wisconsin will be required to submit                 172(c)(2) and 182(b)(1) and 40 CFR
                                                  data from 2013–2015, as shown in Table                  a revised SIP that addresses the CAA’s                  51.1110); (4) contingency measures to be
                                                  2, the new classification applicable to                 moderate nonattainment area                             implemented in the event of failure to
                                                  the Sheboygan area would be the next                    requirements, as interpreted and                        meet a milestone or to attain the
                                                  higher classification of ‘‘moderate’’                   described in the final ozone NAAQS.                     standard (CAA section 172(c)(9)); (5) a
                                                  under the CAA statutory scheme.2                        See 40 CFR 51.1100 et seq. Those                        vehicle inspection and maintenance
                                                     Moderate nonattainment areas are                     requirements include: (1) An attainment                 program, if applicable (CAA section
                                                  required to attain the standard ‘‘as                    demonstration (CAA section 182(b) and                   181(b)(4) and 40 CFR 51.350); and, (6)
                                                  expeditiously as practicable’’ but no                   40 CFR 51.1108); (2) provisions for                     NOX and VOC emission offsets at a ratio
                                                  later than six years after the initial                  volatile organic compounds (VOC) and                    of 1.15 to 1 for major source permits
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                                                  designation as nonattainment (which, in                 nitrogen oxides (NOX) reasonably                        (CAA section 182(b)(5) and 40 CFR
                                                  the case of the Sheboygan area, is July                 available control technology (RACT)                     51.165(a)). See also the requirements for
                                                  20, 2018). The attainment deadlines                     (CAA section 182(b)(2) and 40 CFR                       moderate ozone nonattainment areas set
                                                    1 An area’s ozone design value for the eight-hour     ozone NAAQS prior to the attainment date, EPA             2 The 2013–2015 design value the Sheboygan area

                                                  ozone NAAQS is the highest three-year average of        considers the monitor-specific ozone design values      does not exceed 0.100 ppm, which is the threshold
                                                  the annual fourth-highest daily maximum eight-          in the area for the most recent three years with        for reclassifying an area to serious per CAA section
                                                  hour average concentrations of all monitors in the      complete, quality-assured monitored ozone data          181(b)(2)(A)(ii) and 40 CFR 51.1103.
                                                  area. To determine whether an area has attained the     prior to the attainment deadline.



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                                                                    Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 188 / Wednesday, September 28, 2016 / Proposed Rules                                                 66619

                                                  forth in CAA section 182(b) and the                     than the last ozone season prior to the                substantial number of small entities
                                                  general nonattainment plan provisions                   moderate area attainment date of July                  under the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5
                                                  required under CAA section 172(c).                      20, 2018.                                              U.S.C. 601 et seq.);
                                                     When an area is reclassified under                     The January 1, 2017, SIP submission                     • Does not contain any unfunded
                                                  CAA section 181(b)(2), CAA section                      deadline is consistent with the SIP                    mandate or significantly or uniquely
                                                  182(i) requires the state to meet the new               submission deadline established for all                affect small governments, as described
                                                  requirements according to the schedules                 other Marginal nonattainment areas in                  in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act
                                                  prescribed in those requirements. It                    the country that were recently                         of 1995 (Pub. L. 104–4);
                                                  provides, however, ‘‘that the                           reclassified to Moderate for the 2008                     • Does not have Federalism
                                                  Administrator may adjust any                            ozone NAAQS,3 and is consistent with                   implications as specified in Executive
                                                  applicable deadlines (other than                        the timeframes in the CAA as codified                  Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10,
                                                  attainment dates) to the extent such                    in the EPA’s implementing regulations.                 1999);
                                                  adjustment is necessary or appropriate                  Accordingly, EPA is proposing to                          • Is not an economically significant
                                                  to assure consistency among the                         require Wisconsin to submit the                        regulatory action based on health or
                                                  required submissions.’’ CAA section                     required SIP revisions no later than                   safety risks subject to Executive Order
                                                  182(b), as interpreted by 40 CFR 51.1100                January 1, 2017.
                                                  et seq., describes the required SIP                                                                            13045 (62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997);
                                                  revisions and associated deadlines for a                IV. Summary of Proposed Actions                           • Is not a significant regulatory action
                                                  nonattainment area classified as                           EPA is proposing to determine that                  subject to Executive Order 13211 (66 FR
                                                  moderate at the time of the initial                     the Sheboygan area failed to attain the                28355, May 22, 2001);
                                                  designations. However, these SIP                        2008 ozone NAAQS by the applicable                        • Is not subject to requirements of
                                                  submission deadlines (e.g., three years                 attainment date of July 20, 2016, is not               Section 12(d) of the National
                                                  after the effective date of designation for             eligible for an additional one-year                    Technology Transfer and Advancement
                                                  submission of an attainment plan and                    attainment date extension, and must be                 Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272 note) because
                                                  attainment demonstration) have already                  reclassified as moderate. EPA is also                  application of those requirements would
                                                  passed. Accordingly, EPA is proposing                   proposing to require Wisconsin to                      be inconsistent with the CAA; and
                                                  to exercise its discretion under CAA                    submit SIP revisions to address                           • Does not provide EPA with the
                                                  section 182(i) to adjust the SIP submittal              moderate area requirements as                          discretionary authority to address, as
                                                  deadlines for the Sheboygan area.                       expeditiously as practicable, but no later             appropriate, disproportionate human
                                                     In determining an appropriate                        than January 1, 2017.                                  health or environmental effects, using
                                                  deadline for the moderate area SIP                                                                             practicable and legally permissible
                                                  revisions for the Sheboygan area, EPA                   V. Statutory and Executive Order                       methods, under Executive Order 12898
                                                  notes that, pursuant to 40 CFR                          Reviews                                                (59 FR 7629, February 16, 1994).
                                                  51.1108(d), the state must provide for                    Under section 181(b)(2) of the CAA, a                   In addition, the SIP is not approved
                                                  implementation of all control measures                  determination of nonattainment is a                    to apply on any Indian reservation land
                                                  needed for attainment no later than the                 factual determination based upon air                   or in any other area where EPA or an
                                                  beginning of the attainment year ozone                  quality considerations and the resulting               Indian tribe has demonstrated that a
                                                  season. The attainment year ozone                       reclassification must occur by operation               tribe has jurisdiction. In those areas of
                                                  season is the ozone season immediately                  of law. A determination of                             Indian country, the rule does not have
                                                  preceding a nonattainment area’s                        nonattainment and the resulting                        tribal implications and will not impose
                                                  attainment date. In the case of                         reclassification of a nonattainment area               substantial direct costs on tribal
                                                  nonattainment areas classified as                       by operation of law under section                      governments or preempt tribal law as
                                                  moderate for the 2008 ozone NAAQS,                      181(b)(2) does not in and of itself create             specified by Executive Order 13175 (65
                                                  the attainment year ozone season is the                 any new requirements, but rather                       FR 67249, November 9, 2000).
                                                  2017 ozone season (40 CFR 51.1100(h)).                  applies the requirements contained in
                                                     Further, in the implementation rule                  the CAA. For these reasons, this action:               List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 81
                                                  for the 2008 ozone NAAQS, EPA                             • Is not a significant regulatory action               Environmental protection,
                                                  established the requirement for areas to                subject to review by the Office of                     Administrative practice and procedure,
                                                  implement RACT measures as                              Management and Budget under                            Air pollution control, Designations and
                                                  expeditiously as practicable, but no later              Executive Orders 12866 (58 FR 51735,                   classifications, Intergovernmental
                                                  than January 1 of the fifth year after the              October 4, 1993) and 13563 (76 FR 3821,                relations, Nitrogen oxides, Ozone,
                                                  effective date of a nonattainment                       January 21, 2011);                                     Reporting and recordkeeping
                                                  designation. (81 FR 12280) For the                        • Does not impose an information                     requirements, Volatile organic
                                                  nonattainment designations that were                    collection burden under the provisions                 compounds.
                                                  effective July 20, 2012, this would                     of the Paperwork Reduction Act (44
                                                  require RACT measures (for areas where                                                                           Dated: September 14, 2016.
                                                                                                          U.S.C. 3501 et seq.);
                                                  they are required) to be implemented by                   • Is certified as not having a                       Robert A. Kaplan,
                                                  January 1, 2017. This implementation                    significant economic impact on a                       Acting Regional Administrator, Region 5.
                                                  deadline ensured that RACT measures                                                                            [FR Doc. 2016–23294 Filed 9–27–16; 8:45 am]
                                                  would be required to be in place no later                 3 See   81 FR 26697 (May 4, 2016).                   BILLING CODE 6560–50–P
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Document Created: 2016-09-28 01:08:34
Document Modified: 2016-09-28 01:08:34
CategoryRegulatory Information
CollectionFederal Register
sudoc ClassAE 2.7:
GS 4.107:
AE 2.106:
PublisherOffice of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Administration
SectionProposed Rules
ActionProposed rule.
DatesComments must be received on or before October 28, 2016.
ContactKathleen D'Agostino, Environmental Scientist, Attainment Planning and Maintenance Section, Air Programs Branch (AR-18J), Environmental Protection Agency, Region 5, 77 West Jackson Boulevard, Chicago, Illinois 60604, (312) 886-1767, [email protected]
FR Citation81 FR 66617 
CFR AssociatedEnvironmental Protection; Administrative Practice and Procedure; Air Pollution Control; Designations and Classifications; Intergovernmental Relations; Nitrogen Oxides; Ozone; Reporting and Recordkeeping Requirements and Volatile Organic Compounds

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