82 FR 21284 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; Fixed Income Clearing Corporation; Order Approving a Proposed Rule Change, as Modified by Amendment No. 1, To Expand the Types of Entities That Are Eligible To Participate in Fixed Income Clearing Corporation as Sponsored Members and Make Other Changes
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Federal Register Volume 82, Issue 86 (May 5, 2017)
Federal Register Volume 82, Issue 86 (May 5, 2017)
| Page Range | 21284-21287 | |
| FR Document | 2017-09059 |
[Federal Register Volume 82, Number 86 (Friday, May 5, 2017)] [Notices] [Pages 21284-21287] From the Federal Register Online [www.thefederalregister.org] [FR Doc No: 2017-09059] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION [Release No. 34-80563; File No. SR-FICC-2017-003] Self-Regulatory Organizations; Fixed Income Clearing Corporation; Order Approving a Proposed Rule Change, as Modified by Amendment No. 1, To Expand the Types of Entities That Are Eligible To Participate in Fixed Income Clearing Corporation as Sponsored Members and Make Other Changes May 1, 2017. I. Introduction On March 1, 2017, Fixed Income Clearing Corporation (``FICC'') filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (``Commission'') proposed rule change SR-FICC-2017-003, pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (``Act'') \1\ and Rule 19b-4 thereunder.\2\ On March 13, 2017, FICC filed Amendment No. 1 to the proposed rule change, which amended and replaced the original filing in its entirety (hereinafter, ``Proposed Rule Change''). The Proposed Rule Change was published for comment in the Federal Register on March 17, 2017.\3\ The Commission received four comment letters \4\ to the Proposed Rule Change, including a response letter from FICC. For the reasons discussed below, the Commission is approving the Proposed Rule Change. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1). \2\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4. \3\ Securities Exchange Act Release No. 80236 (March 14, 2017), 82 FR 14265 (March 17, 2017) (SR-FICC-2017-003) (``Notice''). \4\ See letter from Stefan M. Gavell, Executive Vice President and Head of Regulatory, Industry and Government Affairs, State Street Corporation (``State Street''), dated April 7, 2017, to Brent J. Fields, Secretary, Commission (``State Street Letter''); letter from Robert E. Pooler Jr., Chief Financial Officer, Ronin Capital, LLC (``Ronin''), dated April 7, 2017, to Robert W. Errett, Deputy Secretary, Commission (``Ronin Letter I''); letter from Murray Pozmanter, Managing Director, FICC, dated April 17, 2017, to Robert W. Errett, Deputy Secretary, Commission (``FICC Letter''); letter from Robert E. Pooler Jr., Chief Financial Officer, Ronin, dated April 20, 2017, to Robert W. Errett, Deputy Secretary, Commission (``Ronin Letter II'') available at https://www.sec.gov/comments/sr-ficc-2017-003/ficc2017003.htm. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- II. Description of the Proposed Rule Change The Proposed Rule Change consists of changes to the Government Securities Division (``GSD'') Rulebook (``Rules'') \5\ in order to (i) expand the types of entities that are eligible to participate in FICC's Sponsored Membership program as Sponsored Members, and (ii) make amendments and clarifications to the Rules relating to the Sponsored Membership service in general. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \5\ Capitalized terms not defined herein are defined in the Rules, available at http://www.dtcc.com/legal/rules-and-procedures. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- A. The Proposed Expansion of Sponsored Member Eligibility Currently, GSD Bank Netting Members that are well-capitalized with at least $5 billion in equity capital are permitted to serve as Sponsoring Members and sponsor certain institutional firms into GSD membership as Sponsored Members.\6\ A Sponsoring Member is permitted to submit to FICC for comparison, novation, and netting certain types of eligible transactions between itself and its Sponsored Members (``Sponsored Member Trades'').\7\ For operational and administrative purposes, FICC interacts solely with the Sponsoring Member as agent for purposes of the day-to-day satisfaction of its Sponsored Members' obligations to FICC, including the Sponsored Members' securities and funds-only settlement obligations.\8\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \6\ Rule 3A, Section 2, supra note 5. \7\ The Sponsoring Member is required to establish an omnibus account at FICC for all of its Sponsored Members' FICC-cleared activity (``Sponsoring Member Omnibus Account''), which is separate from the Sponsoring Member's regular netting account. Rule 1; Rule 3A, Section 10, supra note 5. \8\ See Rule 3A, Sections 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9, supra note 5. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Currently, eligibility to become a Sponsored Member is limited to investment companies that are registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 \9\ (each, a ``Registered Investment Company'' or ``RIC'') and that meet the definition of a qualified institutional buyer (``QIB''), as defined in Rule 144A \10\ under the Securities Act of 1933.\11\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \9\ 15 U.S.C. 80a-1 et. seq. \10\ 17 CFR 230.144A. \11\ 15 U.S.C. 77a et. seq. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- The Proposed Rule Change would eliminate the RIC requirement. However, in order to ensure that Sponsored Members are financially sophisticated, FICC would retain the QIB requirement to the extent that the Sponsored Member's legal entity type falls under one of the enumerated categories of Rule 144A's QIB definition.\12\ For institutional firms whose entity types do not clearly fall into one of the enumerated categories in Rule 144A's QIB definition, FICC proposes to require that such Sponsored Members satisfy the financial requirements that an entity specifically listed in paragraph (a)(1)(i) of Rule 144A must satisfy in order to be a QIB.\13\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \12\ 17 CFR 230.144A(a)(1)(i) defines a qualified institutional buyer as an entity ``. . . acting for its own account or the accounts of other qualified institutional buyers, that in the aggregate owns and invests on a discretionary basis at least $100 million in securities of issuers that are not affiliated with the entity. . . .'' \13\ See Notice, 82 FR at 14266. Because conceptions of financial sophistication may change over time, FICC's proposal ties this requirement to the QIB definition in Rule 144A, as such definition may be amended from time to time. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Because the proposal would newly permit non-U.S. entities to become Sponsored Members, FICC proposes to amend the GSD Rules to provide that such entities would be considered FFI Members \14\ subject to FATCA compliance obligations.\15\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \14\ See Notice, 82 FR at 14267. Pursuant to Rule 1, the term ``FFI Member'' means ``any Person that is treated as a non-U.S. entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes.'' Rules, supra note 5. For the avoidance of doubt, the term FFI Member also includes ``any Member that is a U.S. branch of an entity that is treated as a non- U.S. entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes.'' Id. \15\ FATCA is the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act, 26 U.S.C. 1471 et seq. The Rules define FATCA Compliant to mean that an ``. . . FFI Member has qualified under such procedures promulgated by the Internal Revenue Service . . . to establish exemption from withholding under FATCA such that [FICC] would not be required to withhold [anything] under FATCA . . . .'' Rules, supra note 5. Although GSD has Members, including certain Bank Netting Members, which are non-U.S. entities, currently there are no Sponsoring Members that are non-U.S. entities. See Notice, 82 FR at 14267. Any future Sponsoring Member or Sponsored Member that is an FFI Member will be subject to the same FATCA Compliance screening as any other Member that is a non-U.S. entity. Proposed Rule 3A, Section 3. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- The proposal would also clarify that the existing requirement on all Sponsored Members and their Sponsoring Members to comply with all applicable laws includes the requirement to comply with global sanctions laws. [[Page 21285]] B. Other Proposed Rule Changes The Proposed Rule Change also contains proposed changes that are unrelated to the proposed expansion of entity types eligible to be Sponsored Members, but that relate to FICC's Sponsored Membership program in general. FICC states that these proposed changes are designed to provide specificity, clarity, and additional transparency to the Rules.\16\ Specifically FICC proposes to: --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \16\ See Notice, 82 FR at 14266-68. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------Clarify that the Sponsoring Member Omnibus Account refers to an Account, as defined in Rule 1; amend Section 7 of Rule 3A to reference the application of fails charges \17\ to a Sponsoring Member Omnibus Account in the same manner as such charges are applied to Netting Members pursuant to Rule 11 and to correct certain typographical errors; \18\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \17\ The term ``fails charge'' refers to the charge imposed by FICC on Netting Members for a delivery failure in Treasury Securities or debentures issued by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac or the Federal Home Loan Banks, pursuant to Section 14 of Rule 11. Rules, supra note 5. \18\ FICC states that it has imposed fails charges, if applicable, on Sponsoring Members for their Sponsoring Member Omnibus Accounts since the implementation of the charges in 2009, Securities Exchange Act Release No. 59802 (April 20, 2009), 74 FR 19248 (April 28, 2009) (SR-FICC-2009-03), and that this proposed change would clarify the application of the fails charges to a Sponsoring Member's Sponsoring Member Omnibus Account in Rule 3A. See Notice, 82 FR at 14267. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- amend Section 9 of Rule 3A to correct an out-of-date cross-reference to Rule 13; amend Section 10 of Rule 3A to reflect the current Clearing Fund calculation procedures applicable to a Sponsoring Member Omnibus Account; \19\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \19\ Specifically, FICC would amend Section 10 of Rule 3A to specify that the Required Fund Deposit of a Sponsoring Member Omnibus Account would be equal to the sum of (1) the VaR Charges for all of the Sponsored Members whose activity is represented in the Sponsoring Member Omnibus Account as derived pursuant to Section 1b(a)(i) of Rule 4, and (2) all amounts derived pursuant to the provisions of Rule 4 other than pursuant to Section 1b(a)(i) of Rule 4 computed at the level of the Sponsoring Member Omnibus Account. FICC states that the proposed changes maintain the substance of the calculation of the Required Fund Deposit for a Sponsoring Member Omnibus Account, but update the rules provisions to reflect the current Clearing Fund calculation terminology and delete references to terms that are no longer used in the Rules. See Notice, 82 FR at 14267-68. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- amend Section 10 of Rule 3A to specify that, for purposes of calculating the Unadjusted GSD Margin Portfolio Amount applicable to a Sponsoring Member Omnibus Account, FICC would apply the higher of the Required Fund Deposit calculation as of the beginning of the current Business Day and intraday on the current Business Day; amend Section 10 of Rule 3A to correct certain out-of-date cross-references to Rule 4; amend Section 12 of Rule 3A to reflect the current loss allocation process applicable to Sponsored Member Trades in the event that the Sponsoring Member is insolvent or otherwise in default to FICC; \20\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \20\ Specifically, FICC would amend Section 12 of Rule 3A to specify that any Remaining Loss incurred by FICC would be allocated to the Tier One Netting Members in accordance with the principles set forth in Section 7(d) of Rule 4 (Clearing Fund and Loss Allocation). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- amend Section 12 of Rule 3A to correct certain out-of-date cross-references to Rule 4 and to correct certain typographical errors; amend Sections 13 and 14 of Rule 3A to correct certain out-of-date cross-references to Rule 21; and amend Section 15 of Rule 3A to specify the standard with respect to which a Sponsoring Member is deemed by FICC to have knowledge that one of its Sponsored Members is insolvent or is otherwise unable to perform on any of its material contracts, obligations, or agreements for purposes of the Sponsoring Member's obligation to inform FICC of such matter.\21\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \21\ Specifically, FICC would specify that if one or more duly authorized representatives of a Sponsoring Member, in its capacity as such, has knowledge that one of its Sponsored Members is insolvent or otherwise unable to perform on any of its material contracts, obligations or agreements, that such knowledge triggers the Sponsoring Member's obligation to inform FICC of such matter. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- III. Summary of Comments Received The Commission received four comment letters in response to the proposal: One from State Street supporting the proposal, one from Ronin opposing the proposal, one from FICC in response to Ronin, and a second from Ronin in response to FICC. State Street raises a number of points in support of the proposal. Specifically, State Street argues that, if adopted, the proposal would (i) provide institutional investors with access to central clearing services through FICC, without material changes to FICC's operational or risk management practice; (ii) permit greater use of netting to offset Sponsored Member transactions against a direct GSD member's other eligible transactions, thereby substantially reducing required amounts of leveraged capital; (iii) better enable global systemically important banks to meet supplementary leverage ratio requirements; and (iv) enhance the liquidity and efficiency of collateral and financing markets.\22\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \22\ See State Street Letter at 1-3. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Ronin raises a number of points in opposition to the proposal. Specifically, Ronin argues that the proposal would increase risks and have an anti-competitive impact. FICC's letter responds to the concerns raised by Ronin. A. Comments Regarding the Proposal's Potential To Increase Risks Ronin notes that the proposed expansion would allow certain entities such as hedge funds and other types of counterparties that Ronin believes are risk-taking and leveraged to participate in FICC as Sponsored Members. Ronin argues that by allowing such entities to participate in GSD as Sponsored Members, the proposal would (i) increase concentration risk in Sponsoring Members because the proposal would encourage entities to become Sponsored Members rather than full Netting Members that could then gravitate to one or just a few Sponsoring Members; (ii) increase settlement risk for Sponsoring Members who take on Sponsored Members; and (iii) increase the amount of leverage used by Sponsored Members, which would increase the risk of liquidity drain and fire sales in the event of a Sponsoring Member default.\23\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \23\ See Ronin Letter I at 1-6; Ronin Letter II at 2. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- In response to Ronin's concerns regarding concentration risk, FICC states that the Rules already incorporate risk management practices into the Sponsored Membership program (e.g., capital requirements,\24\ Sponsoring Member Guaranty,\25\ and Clearing Fund deposits \26\), which the proposal would not change.\27\ Moreover, FICC notes that because Sponsoring Members are banks, they are subject to extensive prudential supervision and regulation,\28\ which further mitigates the risk that a Sponsoring Member would be unable to meet its obligations associated with the default of a Sponsored Member.\29\ FICC also notes that neither the Sponsoring Member Guaranty nor the Sponsoring [[Page 21286]] Member's Clearing Fund deposits would be available to FICC to cover potential default losses if hedge funds were permitted to become full Netting Members.\30\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \24\ As noted above, FICC requires a Sponsoring Member to be a well-capitalized GSD Bank Netting Member with at least $5 billion in equity capital. FICC Letter at 2; see also Rule 3A, Section 2(a), supra note 5. \25\ FICC requires a Sponsoring Member to provide FICC a guaranty regarding the payment and performance of each of its Sponsored Member's obligations to FICC. FICC Letter at 2; see also Rule 1 (definition of Sponsoring Member Guaranty) and Rule 3A, Section 2(c), supra note 5. \26\ FICC requires a Sponsoring Member to post all of the Clearing Fund deposits associated with the activity of its Sponsoring Member Omnibus Account. FICC Letter at 2; see also Rule 3A, Section 10, supra note 5. \27\ See FICC Letter at 2-3; Rule 1 definition of ``Sponsoring Member Guaranty'' and Rule 3A, Sections 2 and 10. Rules, supra note 5. \28\ See Rule 2A, Section 2. Rules, supra note 5. \29\ FICC Letter at 3. \30\ Id. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- In response to Ronin's concerns regarding settlement risk, FICC argues that the proposal would reduce settlement risk because Sponsoring Members would be able to take advantage of additional netting that results from increased participation in FICC, and as discussed more fully below, FICC would have access to additional margin in connection with Sponsored Member accounts.\31\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \31\ FICC Letter at 4. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Finally, in response to Ronin's concerns regarding increased leverage, FICC states that it is unlikely that the proposal would cause an increase in Sponsored Members' leverage because the prudential regulation of the Sponsoring Member and the Sponsoring Member Guaranty incentivize the Sponsoring Member to monitor and manage Sponsored Member activity to ensure that inappropriate risks are not presented.\32\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \32\ Id. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- B. Comments Regarding the Proposal's Potential To Burden Competition Ronin argues that the proposed expansion of the Sponsored Membership program would unfairly burden non-participating Netting Members by (i) allowing Sponsored Members to benefit from centralized clearing without bearing the risk or cost (e.g., the cost associated with FICC's proposed capped contingency liquidity facility (``CCLF'')) \33\ of loss mutualization that is borne by full Netting Members; and (ii) favoring only GSD Bank Netting Members with balance sheet offsets and reduced capital charges afforded through Sponsored Member trading activity.\34\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \33\ On March 1, 2017, FICC filed with the Commission an advance notice and proposed rule change that would establish CCLF to provide FICC with additional liquid financial resources to meet its cash settlement obligations in the event of a default of the largest family of affiliated Netting Members. See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 80191 (March 9, 2017), 82 FR 13876 (March 15, 2017) (SR- FICC-2017-802); Securities Exchange Act Release No. 80234 (March 14, 2017), 82 FR 14401(March 20, 2017) (SR-FICC-2017-002). The proposed CCLF would be sized based on the trading activity of the largest family of affiliated Netting Members. Ronin argues that the Sponsored Members of an entity within the largest family of affiliated Netting Members could increase the size of the CCLF obligations for other GSD Netting Members. Ronin Letter I at 4; Ronin Letter II at 1-2. \34\ Ronin Letter I at 1-6. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- In response to Ronin's concerns regarding loss mutualization, FICC acknowledges that the proposal would not make Sponsored Members responsible for default loss mutualization or CCLF contributions, but emphasizes that such responsibilities would be borne by the Sponsoring Member.\35\ Moreover, FICC states that the risk of potential losses resulting from Sponsored Membership activity would be adequately mitigated without placing undue burdens on non-participating Netting Members for a number of reasons.\36\ First, a Sponsoring Member is required to post all of the Clearing Fund associated with the activity of its Sponsored Members, calculated on a gross basis (i.e., Sponsored Member activity is not netted for margin purposes).\37\ Second, FICC has the right to apply all of the Sponsoring Member's Clearing Fund deposits (i.e., both the deposits of the Sponsoring Member Omnibus Account and the Sponsoring Member's own netting account) against any obligations owed to FICC by the Sponsoring Member. Third, loss mutualization would only occur after FICC had exhausted all Clearing Fund deposits of the defaulting Sponsoring Member and other applicable resources.\38\ Finally, FICC notes that while an increase in the CCLF size would affect the CCLF contribution amounts of Netting Members that present the highest liquidity needs to FICC (i.e., those Netting Members whose liquidity needs over a 6-month look-back period exceed $15 billion), it would not affect the CCLF contribution amounts of approximately 80 percent of Netting Members, whose liquidity needs over a 6-month look-back period are less than $15 billion.\39\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \35\ FICC Letter at 2-3. \36\ Id. \37\ Id. \38\ Id. \39\ FICC Letter at 4-5; see also Securities Exchange Act Release No. 80191 (March 9, 2017), 82 FR 13876 (March 15, 2017) (SR- FICC-2017-802). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- In response to Ronin's concerns that balance sheet offsets and reduced capital charges would only accrue to Sponsoring Members, FICC argues that all Netting Members would benefit from additional balance sheet and capital efficiencies to the extent that such members are counterparties to Sponsoring Members in new Sponsored Member activity cleared through FICC.\40\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \40\ FICC Letter at 3-4. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- IV. Discussion and Commission Findings Section 19(b)(2)(C) of the Act \41\ directs the Commission to approve a proposed rule change of a self-regulatory organization if it finds that such proposed rule change is consistent with the requirements of the Act and rules and regulations thereunder applicable to such organization. After carefully considering the Proposed Rule Change, the comments received, and FICC's responses thereto, the Commission finds that the Proposed Rule Change is consistent with the requirements of the Act and the rules and regulations thereunder applicable to FICC. In particular, the Commission finds that the Proposed Rule Change is consistent with Section 17A(b)(3)(F) of the Act.\42\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \41\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(2)(C). \42\ 15 U.S.C. 78q-1(b)(3)(F). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Section 17A(b)(3)(F) of the Act requires, in part, that the Rules be designed to remove impediments to and perfect the mechanism of a national system for the prompt and accurate clearance and settlement of securities transactions.\43\ As described above, eligibility to be a Sponsored Member currently is limited to RICs that are QIBs and that have a Sponsoring Member. Entities other than RICs that otherwise meet the Sponsored Member eligibility requirements and engage in the same type of eligible trading activity outside of a central counterparty are unable to avail themselves of the guaranteed settlement, novation, and independent risk management offered by FICC through the Sponsored Membership program. To address this issue, the proposal would remove the RIC requirement and modify the QIB requirement such that an entity not described in Rule 144A would still be able to become a Sponsored Member if it met the financial requirements listed in paragraph (a)(1)(i) of Rule 144A. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \43\ Id. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- As described above, Ronin argues that such an expansion of the Sponsored Membership program would create a competitive burden because Sponsored Members would not bear the risk or cost of loss mutualization in the event of GSD member default, as full Netting Members do,\44\ and any increased balance sheet offsets and reduced capital charges afforded by the expansion would only benefit bank Netting Members.\45\ The Commission does not find that the proposed expansion of the Sponsored Membership program would create a competitive burden. Although it is true that Sponsored Members would not directly bear the risk and cost of loss mutualization, Sponsoring Members [[Page 21287]] would, and the Commission believes that Sponsoring Members are fully aware of this outcome and are capable of addressing it by passing on any risk and cost to their Sponsored Members. The Commission also believes that benefits from the expansion would not necessarily fall solely to bank Netting Members, but, as FICC explains,\46\ to all GSD members, where such members are counterparties to Sponsoring Members with new Sponsored Member Trades. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \44\ Ronin Letter I at 4-5; see also Ronin Letter II at 1-2. \45\ Ronin Letter I at 1-6. \46\ FICC Letter at 3-4. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- In addition, the Commission believes that the proposal's expansion of the Sponsored Membership program would make the risk-reducing benefits of central clearing available to a wider range of entity types. In turn, increased trading activity through the expanded Sponsored Membership program would likely (1) lower the risk of diminished liquidity in the U.S. repo market caused by a large scale exit of participants from the market in a stress scenario (through FICC's guaranty of completion of settlement for a greater number of eligible transactions); (2) protect against fire sale risk (through FICC's ability to centralize and control the liquidation of a greater portion of a failed counterparty's portfolio); and (3) decrease settlement and operational risk (by making a greater number of transactions eligible to be netted and subject to guaranteed settlement, novation, and independent risk management through FICC). Therefore, the Commission believes that by removing the RIC requirement and adjusting the QIB requirement, the Proposed Rule Change would remove an impediment to and help perfect the mechanism of a national system for the prompt and accurate clearance and settlement of securities transactions, consistent with Section 17A(b)(3)(F) of the Act, cited above. Section 17A(b)(3)(F) of the Act requires, in part, that the Rules also be designed to, in general, to protect investors and the public interest.\47\ As described above, the proposal would expand the types of entities eligible to participate in the Sponsored Membership program as Sponsored Members. As discussed above, Ronin argues that such expansion would increase concentration, settlement, and leverage risks.\48\ The Commission does not find that the proposed expansion would increase such risks. First, Sponsoring Members are bank Netting Members that are subject to extensive risk management practices and oversight by their prudential regulators and FICC, which helps mitigate risk posed by such entities, including the addition of new Sponsored Members. Second, by expanding the types of entities that are eligible to participate and thereby benefit from FICC's guaranteed settlement, novation, and independent risk management, the proposal would help mitigate the risk of a large scale exit by such firms from the U.S. repo market in a stress scenario and, thus, lower the risk of a liquidity drain in such a scenario. Third, by providing central clearing to a greater number of Sponsored Member Trades, the proposal would enable FICC to centralize and control the liquidation of a greater number of such positions in the event of a Sponsored Member or Sponsoring Member's default. Doing so would help protect against the risk that an uncoordinated liquidation of the positions by multiple counterparties to the defaulting member would cause a fire sale of positions that negatively impacts the counterparties, FICC, and potentially the broader financial system. Therefore, the Commission believes that the proposed changes related to the proposed expansion of Sponsored Membership eligibility would help protect investors and the public interest, in accordance with Section 17A(b)(3)(F) of the Act.\49\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \47\ 15 U.S.C. 78q-1(b)(3)(F). \48\ Ronin Letter I at 1-6; see also Ronin Letter II at 2. \49\ Id. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Section 17A(b)(3)(F) of the Act requires, in part, that the Rules also be designed to promote the prompt and accurate clearance and settlement of securities transactions.\50\ In addition to the proposed changes related specifically to the proposed expansion of entity types eligible to be Sponsored Members, the Proposed Rule Change also would make a number of changes to the Rules that relate to Sponsored Membership in general, as described above. These changes are designed to provide specificity, clarity, and additional transparency to the Rules by (i) removing ambiguities in definitions and other Rule provisions to provide greater clarity regarding how such definitions and provisions apply to the Sponsored Membership program; (ii) updating Rule provisions to correct outdated terminology; and (iii) correcting typographical errors and out-of-date cross-references. Collectively, these changes would ensure that the relevant Rules remain transparent, accurate, and clear, which would enable all stakeholders to better understand their rights and obligations in connection with the Sponsored Membership program. Therefore, the Commission believes these changes would promote the prompt and accurate clearance and settlement of securities transactions by FICC, consistent with Section 17A(b)(3)(F) of the Act.\51\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \50\ Id. \51\ Id. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- V. Conclusion On the basis of the foregoing, the Commission finds that the Proposed Rule Change is consistent with the requirements of the Act and in particular with the requirements of Section 17A of the Act \52\ and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \52\ 15 U.S.C. 78q-1. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- It Is Therefore Ordered, pursuant to Section 19(b)(2) of the Act \53\ that proposed rule change SR-FICC-2017-003, as modified by Amendment No. 1, be, and hereby is, Approved.\54\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \53\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(2). \54\ In approving the proposed rule change, the Commission considered the proposals' impact on efficiency, competition, and capital formation. 15 U.S.C. 78c(f). For the Commission, by the Division of Trading and Markets, pursuant to delegated authority.\55\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \55\ 17 CFR 200.30-3(a)(12). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Eduardo A. Aleman, Assistant Secretary. [FR Doc. 2017-09059 Filed 5-4-17; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 8011-01-P
![21284 Federal Register / Vol. 82, No. 86 / Friday, May 5, 2017 / Notices
exemption is consistent with the public including a response letter from FICC. a qualified institutional buyer (‘‘QIB’’),
interest and the protection of investors. For the reasons discussed below, the as defined in Rule 144A 10 under the
Section 17(b) of the Act authorizes the Commission is approving the Proposed Securities Act of 1933.11
Commission to grant an order Rule Change. The Proposed Rule Change would
permitting a transaction otherwise eliminate the RIC requirement.
II. Description of the Proposed Rule
prohibited by section 17(a) if it finds However, in order to ensure that
Change
that (a) the terms of the proposed Sponsored Members are financially
transaction are fair and reasonable and The Proposed Rule Change consists of sophisticated, FICC would retain the
do not involve overreaching on the part changes to the Government Securities QIB requirement to the extent that the
of any person concerned; (b) the Division (‘‘GSD’’) Rulebook (‘‘Rules’’) 5 Sponsored Member’s legal entity type
proposed transaction is consistent with in order to (i) expand the types of falls under one of the enumerated
the policies of each registered entities that are eligible to participate in categories of Rule 144A’s QIB
investment company involved; and (c) FICC’s Sponsored Membership program definition.12 For institutional firms
the proposed transaction is consistent as Sponsored Members, and (ii) make whose entity types do not clearly fall
with the general purposes of the Act. amendments and clarifications to the into one of the enumerated categories in
Rules relating to the Sponsored Rule 144A’s QIB definition, FICC
For the Commission, by the Division of
Investment Management, under delegated Membership service in general. proposes to require that such Sponsored
authority. A. The Proposed Expansion of Members satisfy the financial
Eduardo A. Aleman, Sponsored Member Eligibility requirements that an entity specifically
Assistant Secretary. listed in paragraph (a)(1)(i) of Rule 144A
Currently, GSD Bank Netting must satisfy in order to be a QIB.13
[FR Doc. 2017–09065 Filed 5–4–17; 8:45 am] Members that are well-capitalized with
Because the proposal would newly
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P at least $5 billion in equity capital are
permit non-U.S. entities to become
permitted to serve as Sponsoring
Sponsored Members, FICC proposes to
Members and sponsor certain
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE amend the GSD Rules to provide that
institutional firms into GSD
COMMISSION such entities would be considered FFI
membership as Sponsored Members.6 A
Members 14 subject to FATCA
[Release No. 34–80563; File No. SR–FICC– Sponsoring Member is permitted to
compliance obligations.15
2017–003] submit to FICC for comparison,
novation, and netting certain types of The proposal would also clarify that
Self-Regulatory Organizations; Fixed eligible transactions between itself and the existing requirement on all
Income Clearing Corporation; Order its Sponsored Members (‘‘Sponsored Sponsored Members and their
Approving a Proposed Rule Change, Member Trades’’).7 For operational and Sponsoring Members to comply with all
as Modified by Amendment No. 1, To administrative purposes, FICC interacts applicable laws includes the
Expand the Types of Entities That Are solely with the Sponsoring Member as requirement to comply with global
Eligible To Participate in Fixed Income agent for purposes of the day-to-day sanctions laws.
Clearing Corporation as Sponsored satisfaction of its Sponsored Members’
Members and Make Other Changes obligations to FICC, including the
10 17 CFR 230.144A.
11 15 U.S.C. 77a et. seq.
May 1, 2017. Sponsored Members’ securities and 12 17 CFR 230.144A(a)(1)(i) defines a qualified
funds-only settlement obligations.8 institutional buyer as an entity ‘‘. . . acting for its
I. Introduction Currently, eligibility to become a own account or the accounts of other qualified
On March 1, 2017, Fixed Income Sponsored Member is limited to institutional buyers, that in the aggregate owns and
investment companies that are invests on a discretionary basis at least $100 million
Clearing Corporation (‘‘FICC’’) filed in securities of issuers that are not affiliated with
with the Securities and Exchange registered under the Investment the entity. . . .’’
Commission (‘‘Commission’’) proposed Company Act of 1940 9 (each, a 13 See Notice, 82 FR at 14266. Because
rule change SR–FICC–2017–003, ‘‘Registered Investment Company’’ or conceptions of financial sophistication may change
‘‘RIC’’) and that meet the definition of over time, FICC’s proposal ties this requirement to
pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the the QIB definition in Rule 144A, as such definition
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 may be amended from time to time.
(‘‘Act’’) 1 and Rule 19b–4 thereunder.2 Letter’’); letter from Robert E. Pooler Jr., Chief 14 See Notice, 82 FR at 14267. Pursuant to Rule
Financial Officer, Ronin Capital, LLC (‘‘Ronin’’),
On March 13, 2017, FICC filed dated April 7, 2017, to Robert W. Errett, Deputy
1, the term ‘‘FFI Member’’ means ‘‘any Person that
Amendment No. 1 to the proposed rule is treated as a non-U.S. entity for U.S. federal
Secretary, Commission (‘‘Ronin Letter I’’); letter
income tax purposes.’’ Rules, supra note 5. For the
change, which amended and replaced from Murray Pozmanter, Managing Director, FICC,
avoidance of doubt, the term FFI Member also
the original filing in its entirety dated April 17, 2017, to Robert W. Errett, Deputy
includes ‘‘any Member that is a U.S. branch of an
Secretary, Commission (‘‘FICC Letter’’); letter from
(hereinafter, ‘‘Proposed Rule Change’’). Robert E. Pooler Jr., Chief Financial Officer, Ronin,
entity that is treated as a non-U.S. entity for U.S.
The Proposed Rule Change was federal income tax purposes.’’ Id.
dated April 20, 2017, to Robert W. Errett, Deputy 15 FATCA is the Foreign Account Tax
published for comment in the Federal Secretary, Commission (‘‘Ronin Letter II’’) available
Compliance Act, 26 U.S.C. 1471 et seq. The Rules
Register on March 17, 2017.3 The at https://www.sec.gov/comments/sr-ficc-2017-003/
ficc2017003.htm. define FATCA Compliant to mean that an ‘‘. . . FFI
Commission received four comment 5 Capitalized terms not defined herein are defined Member has qualified under such procedures
letters 4 to the Proposed Rule Change, promulgated by the Internal Revenue Service . . .
in the Rules, available at http://www.dtcc.com/
to establish exemption from withholding under
legal/rules-and-procedures.
FATCA such that [FICC] would not be required to
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1 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1). 6 Rule 3A, Section 2, supra note 5.
withhold [anything] under FATCA . . . .’’ Rules,
2 17 CFR 240.19b–4. 7 The Sponsoring Member is required to establish
supra note 5. Although GSD has Members,
3 Securities Exchange Act Release No. 80236 an omnibus account at FICC for all of its Sponsored including certain Bank Netting Members, which are
(March 14, 2017), 82 FR 14265 (March 17, 2017) Members’ FICC-cleared activity (‘‘Sponsoring non-U.S. entities, currently there are no Sponsoring
(SR–FICC–2017–003) (‘‘Notice’’). Member Omnibus Account’’), which is separate Members that are non-U.S. entities. See Notice, 82
4 See letter from Stefan M. Gavell, Executive Vice from the Sponsoring Member’s regular netting FR at 14267. Any future Sponsoring Member or
President and Head of Regulatory, Industry and account. Rule 1; Rule 3A, Section 10, supra note 5. Sponsored Member that is an FFI Member will be
8 See Rule 3A, Sections 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9, supra
Government Affairs, State Street Corporation subject to the same FATCA Compliance screening
(‘‘State Street’’), dated April 7, 2017, to Brent J. note 5. as any other Member that is a non-U.S. entity.
Fields, Secretary, Commission (‘‘State Street 9 15 U.S.C. 80a–1 et. seq. Proposed Rule 3A, Section 3.
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![Federal Register / Vol. 82, No. 86 / Friday, May 5, 2017 / Notices 21287
would, and the Commission believes oversight by their prudential regulators Commission believes these changes
that Sponsoring Members are fully and FICC, which helps mitigate risk would promote the prompt and accurate
aware of this outcome and are capable posed by such entities, including the clearance and settlement of securities
of addressing it by passing on any risk addition of new Sponsored Members. transactions by FICC, consistent with
and cost to their Sponsored Members. Second, by expanding the types of Section 17A(b)(3)(F) of the Act.51
The Commission also believes that entities that are eligible to participate
benefits from the expansion would not and thereby benefit from FICC’s V. Conclusion
necessarily fall solely to bank Netting guaranteed settlement, novation, and On the basis of the foregoing, the
Members, but, as FICC explains,46 to all independent risk management, the Commission finds that the Proposed
GSD members, where such members are proposal would help mitigate the risk of Rule Change is consistent with the
counterparties to Sponsoring Members a large scale exit by such firms from the requirements of the Act and in
with new Sponsored Member Trades. U.S. repo market in a stress scenario particular with the requirements of
In addition, the Commission believes and, thus, lower the risk of a liquidity Section 17A of the Act 52 and the rules
that the proposal’s expansion of the drain in such a scenario. Third, by and regulations promulgated
Sponsored Membership program would providing central clearing to a greater thereunder.
make the risk-reducing benefits of number of Sponsored Member Trades, It Is Therefore Ordered, pursuant to
central clearing available to a wider the proposal would enable FICC to Section 19(b)(2) of the Act 53 that
range of entity types. In turn, increased centralize and control the liquidation of proposed rule change SR–FICC–2017–
trading activity through the expanded a greater number of such positions in 003, as modified by Amendment No. 1,
Sponsored Membership program would the event of a Sponsored Member or be, and hereby is, Approved.54
likely (1) lower the risk of diminished Sponsoring Member’s default. Doing so For the Commission, by the Division of
liquidity in the U.S. repo market caused would help protect against the risk that Trading and Markets, pursuant to delegated
by a large scale exit of participants from an uncoordinated liquidation of the authority.55
the market in a stress scenario (through positions by multiple counterparties to Eduardo A. Aleman,
FICC’s guaranty of completion of the defaulting member would cause a Assistant Secretary.
settlement for a greater number of fire sale of positions that negatively
[FR Doc. 2017–09059 Filed 5–4–17; 8:45 am]
eligible transactions); (2) protect against impacts the counterparties, FICC, and
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
fire sale risk (through FICC’s ability to potentially the broader financial system.
centralize and control the liquidation of Therefore, the Commission believes that
a greater portion of a failed the proposed changes related to the
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
counterparty’s portfolio); and (3) proposed expansion of Sponsored
COMMISSION
decrease settlement and operational risk Membership eligibility would help
(by making a greater number of protect investors and the public interest, [Release No. 34–80566; File No. SR–ICEEU–
transactions eligible to be netted and in accordance with Section 17A(b)(3)(F) 2017–003]
subject to guaranteed settlement, of the Act.49
novation, and independent risk Section 17A(b)(3)(F) of the Act Self-Regulatory Organizations; ICE
management through FICC). requires, in part, that the Rules also be Clear Europe Limited; Notice of
Therefore, the Commission believes designed to promote the prompt and Designation of Longer Period for
that by removing the RIC requirement accurate clearance and settlement of Commission Action on Proposed Rule
and adjusting the QIB requirement, the securities transactions.50 In addition to Change, Security-Based Swap
Proposed Rule Change would remove an the proposed changes related Submission, or Advance Notice
impediment to and help perfect the specifically to the proposed expansion Relating to the CDS End-of-Day Price
mechanism of a national system for the of entity types eligible to be Sponsored Discovery Policy
prompt and accurate clearance and Members, the Proposed Rule Change
also would make a number of changes May 1, 2017.
settlement of securities transactions,
consistent with Section 17A(b)(3)(F) of to the Rules that relate to Sponsored On March 10, 2017, ICE Clear Europe
the Act, cited above. Membership in general, as described Limited (‘‘ICE Clear Europe’’) filed with
Section 17A(b)(3)(F) of the Act above. These changes are designed to the Securities and Exchange
requires, in part, that the Rules also be provide specificity, clarity, and Commission (‘‘Commission’’), pursuant
designed to, in general, to protect additional transparency to the Rules by to Section 19(b)(1) of the Securities
investors and the public interest.47 As (i) removing ambiguities in definitions Exchange Act of 1934 (‘‘Act’’) 1 and Rule
described above, the proposal would and other Rule provisions to provide 19b–4 thereunder,2 a proposed rule
expand the types of entities eligible to greater clarity regarding how such change (SR–ICEEU–2017–003) to amend
participate in the Sponsored definitions and provisions apply to the ICE Clear Europe’s CDS End-of-Day
Membership program as Sponsored Sponsored Membership program; (ii) Price Discovery Policy to implement a
Members. As discussed above, Ronin updating Rule provisions to correct new price submission process for
argues that such expansion would outdated terminology; and (iii) Clearing Members. The proposed rule
increase concentration, settlement, and correcting typographical errors and out- change was published for comment in
leverage risks.48 The Commission does of-date cross-references. Collectively, the Federal Register on March 23,
not find that the proposed expansion these changes would ensure that the
relevant Rules remain transparent,
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51 Id.
would increase such risks. First,
Sponsoring Members are bank Netting accurate, and clear, which would enable 52 15 U.S.C. 78q–1.
53 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(2).
Members that are subject to extensive all stakeholders to better understand
54 In approving the proposed rule change, the
risk management practices and their rights and obligations in
Commission considered the proposals’ impact on
connection with the Sponsored efficiency, competition, and capital formation. 15
46 FICC Letter at 3–4. Membership program. Therefore, the U.S.C. 78c(f).
47 15 55 17 CFR 200.30–3(a)(12).
U.S.C. 78q–1(b)(3)(F).
48 Ronin Letter I at 1–6; see also Ronin Letter II 49 Id. 1 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
at 2. 50 Id. 2 17 CFR 240.19b–4.
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Document Created: 2018-11-08 08:39:34
Document Modified: 2018-11-08 08:39:34
| Category | Regulatory Information | |
| Collection | Federal Register | |
| sudoc Class | AE 2.7: GS 4.107: AE 2.106: | |
| Publisher | Office of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Administration | |
| Section | Notices | |
| FR Citation | 82 FR 21284 |
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