82_FR_48194 82 FR 47996 - Fenpicoxamid; Pesticide Tolerances

82 FR 47996 - Fenpicoxamid; Pesticide Tolerances

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

Federal Register Volume 82, Issue 198 (October 16, 2017)

Page Range47996-48000
FR Document2017-22357

This regulation establishes tolerances for residues of fenpicoxamid (XDE 777) in or on banana, rye, and wheat. Dow AgroSciences LLC requested these tolerances under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA).

Federal Register, Volume 82 Issue 198 (Monday, October 16, 2017)
[Federal Register Volume 82, Number 198 (Monday, October 16, 2017)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 47996-48000]
From the Federal Register Online  [www.thefederalregister.org]
[FR Doc No: 2017-22357]


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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

40 CFR Part 180

[EPA-HQ-OPP-2016-0392; FRL-9966-73]


Fenpicoxamid; Pesticide Tolerances

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

ACTION: Final rule.

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SUMMARY: This regulation establishes tolerances for residues of 
fenpicoxamid (XDE 777) in or on banana, rye, and wheat. Dow 
AgroSciences LLC requested these tolerances under the Federal Food, 
Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA).

DATES: This regulation is effective October 16, 2017. Objections and 
requests for hearings must be received on or before December 15, 2017, 
and must be filed in accordance with the instructions provided in 40 
CFR part 178 (see also Unit I.C. of the SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION).

ADDRESSES: The docket for this action, identified by docket 
identification (ID) number EPA-HQ-OPP-2016-0392, is available at http://www.regulations.gov or at the Office of Pesticide Programs Regulatory 
Public Docket (OPP Docket) in the Environmental Protection Agency 
Docket Center (EPA/DC), West William Jefferson Clinton Bldg., Rm. 3334, 
1301 Constitution Ave. NW., Washington, DC 20460-0001. The Public 
Reading Room is open from 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Monday through 
Friday, excluding legal holidays. The telephone number for the Public 
Reading Room is (202) 566-1744, and the telephone number for the OPP 
Docket is (703) 305-5805. Please review the visitor instructions and 
additional information about the docket available at http://www.epa.gov/dockets.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:  Michael L. Goodis, Registration 
Division (7505P), Office of Pesticide Programs, Environmental 
Protection Agency, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave. NW., Washington, DC 20460-
0001; main telephone number: (703) 305-7090; email address: 
[email protected].

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

I. General Information

A. Does this action apply to me?

    You may be potentially affected by this action if you are an 
agricultural producer, food manufacturer, or pesticide manufacturer. 
The following list of North American Industrial Classification System 
(NAICS) codes is not intended to be exhaustive, but rather provides a 
guide to help readers determine whether this document applies to them. 
Potentially affected entities may include:
     Crop production (NAICS code 111).
     Animal production (NAICS code 112).
     Food manufacturing (NAICS code 311).
     Pesticide manufacturing (NAICS code 32532).

B. How can I get electronic access to other related information?

    You may access a frequently updated electronic version of EPA's 
tolerance regulations at 40 CFR part 180 through the Government 
Printing Office's e-CFR site at http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?&c=ecfr&tpl=/ecfrbrowse/Title40/40tab_02.tpl.

C. How can I file an objection or hearing request?

    Under FFDCA section 408(g), 21 U.S.C. 346a, any person may file an 
objection to any aspect of this regulation and may also request a 
hearing on those objections. You must file your objection or request a 
hearing on this regulation in accordance with the instructions provided 
in 40 CFR part 178. To ensure proper receipt by EPA, you must identify 
docket ID number EPA-HQ-OPP-2016-0392 in the subject line on the first 
page of your submission. All objections and requests for a hearing must 
be in writing, and must be received by the Hearing Clerk on or before 
December 15, 2017. Addresses for mail and hand delivery of objections 
and hearing requests are provided in 40 CFR 178.25(b).
    In addition to filing an objection or hearing request with the 
Hearing Clerk as described in 40 CFR part 178, please submit a copy of 
the filing (excluding any Confidential Business Information (CBI)) for 
inclusion in the public docket. Information not marked confidential 
pursuant to 40 CFR part 2 may be disclosed publicly by EPA without 
prior notice. Submit the non-CBI copy of your objection or hearing 
request, identified by docket ID number EPA-HQ-OPP-2016-0392, by one of 
the following methods:
     Federal eRulemaking Portal: http://www.regulations.gov. 
Follow the online instructions for submitting comments. Do not submit 
electronically any information you consider to be CBI or other 
information whose disclosure is restricted by statute.
     Mail: OPP Docket, Environmental Protection Agency Docket 
Center (EPA/DC), (28221T), 1200 Pennsylvania Ave. NW., Washington, DC 
20460-0001.
     Hand Delivery: To make special arrangements for hand 
delivery or delivery of boxed information, please follow the 
instructions at http://www.epa.gov/dockets/contacts.html.
    Additional instructions on commenting or visiting the docket, along 
with more information about dockets generally, is available at http://www.epa.gov/dockets.

II. Summary of Petitioned-For Tolerance

    In the Federal Register of December 20, 2016 (81 FR 92758) (FRL-
9956-04), EPA issued a document pursuant to FFDCA section 408(d)(3), 21 
U.S.C. 346a(d)(3), announcing the filing of a pesticide petition (PP 
5E8440) by Dow AgroSciences LLC, 9330 Zionsville Rd, Indianapolis, IN 
46268. The petition requested that 40 CFR part 180 be amended by 
establishing tolerances for residues of the fungicide fenpicoxamid 
(XDE- 777) in or on banana at 0.1 parts per million (ppm), rye, grain 
and wheat, grain at 0.7 ppm; and residues of fenpicoxamid and its 
metabolite X12326349 expressed as fenpicoxamid

[[Page 47997]]

equivalents in or on meat and fat from cattle, goats, and sheep at 0.01 
ppm; and meat byproducts of cattle, goats, and sheep at 0.02 ppm. That 
document referenced a summary of the petition prepared by Dow 
AgroSciences LLC, the registrant, which is available in the docket, 
http://www.regulations.gov. There were no comments received in response 
to the notice of filing. Based upon review of the data supporting the 
petition, EPA is establishing tolerances as follows: 0.15 ppm for 
banana and 0.60 ppm for rye, grain and wheat, grain. In addition, EPA 
has concluded that no tolerances are needed for livestock commodities 
at this time. The reason for these changes are explained in Unit IV.C.

III. Aggregate Risk Assessment and Determination of Safety

    Section 408(b)(2)(A)(i) of FFDCA allows EPA to establish a 
tolerance (the legal limit for a pesticide chemical residue in or on a 
food) only if EPA determines that the tolerance is ``safe.'' Section 
408(b)(2)(A)(ii) of FFDCA defines ``safe'' to mean that ``there is a 
reasonable certainty that no harm will result from aggregate exposure 
to the pesticide chemical residue, including all anticipated dietary 
exposures and all other exposures for which there is reliable 
information.'' This includes exposure through drinking water and in 
residential settings, but does not include occupational exposure. 
Section 408(b)(2)(C) of FFDCA requires EPA to give special 
consideration to exposure of infants and children to the pesticide 
chemical residue in establishing a tolerance and to ``ensure that there 
is a reasonable certainty that no harm will result to infants and 
children from aggregate exposure to the pesticide chemical residue. . . 
.''
    Consistent with FFDCA section 408(b)(2)(D), and the factors 
specified in FFDCA section 408(b)(2)(D), EPA has reviewed the available 
scientific data and other relevant information in support of this 
action. EPA has sufficient data to assess the hazards of and to make a 
determination on aggregate exposure for fenpicoxamid including exposure 
resulting from the tolerances established by this action. EPA's 
assessment of exposures and risks associated with fenpicoxamid follows.

A. Toxicological Profile

    EPA has evaluated the available toxicity data and considered its 
validity, completeness, and reliability as well as the relationship of 
the results of the studies to human risk. EPA has also considered 
available information concerning the variability of the sensitivities 
of major identifiable subgroups of consumers, including infants and 
children. Fenpicoxamid has no significant acute toxicity via oral, 
dermal or inhalation route of exposure. Moreover, it is not a skin 
irritant and does not cause skin sensitization.
    Liver effects were consistently observed in mice regardless of 
duration; however, the severity, magnitude, and diversity of the liver 
response progressed from adaptive in subchronic exposures to adverse in 
chronic exposures. Mice exposed to fenpicoxamid in the diet for 80 
weeks experienced liver weight increase accompanied by microscopic 
changes including very slight to moderate centrilobular/midzonal 
hepatocellular hypertrophy with altered tinctorial properties 
(increased cytoplasmic eosinophilia), vacuolization consistent with 
fatty change, and very slight hepatocyte necrosis. These liver effects 
also coincided with an increased incidence of microscopic calculi 
within the gallbladder in both sexes. A treatment-related increase in 
liver tumors were seen in male mice and is the basis for the Agency's 
classification of the chemical as ``Suggestive Evidence of Carcinogenic 
Potential''. The Agency determined that a non-linear approach 
adequately accounted for all chronic toxicity, including 
carcinogenicity, that could result from chronic exposure to 
fenpicoxamid and, therefore, quantification of carcinogenic potential 
was not required. This decision was based on the following 
considerations: (1) There was limited evidence of carcinogenicity in 
the fenpicoxamid toxicity database; (2) the concern for mutagenicity 
and genotoxicity is low; and (3) there was no evidence of 
carcinogenicity at doses at or below the chronic reference dose.
    Rats were likewise only adversely affected by treatment following 
chronic exposures. Chronic dietary exposure elicited treatment-related 
changes in the kidneys (increased severity of chronic progressive 
glomerulonephropathy) that were considered detrimental to the rat's 
health. However, unlike mice, chronic exposure did not elicit an 
increase in neoplasms in any tissue. Rabbits and dogs tolerated oral 
exposure up to doses of 495 and 1,115 milligrams/kilogram/day (mg/kg/
day), respectively, without any signs of deteriorating health. There 
was no evidence of fetal susceptibility in rats or rabbits, or 
offspring susceptibility in rats. None of the available studies 
produced evidence of treatment-induced immunotoxicity or neurotoxicity.
    Specific information on the studies received and the nature of the 
adverse effects caused by fenpicoxamid as well as the no-observed-
adverse-effect-level (NOAEL) and the lowest-observed-adverse-effect-
level (LOAEL) from the toxicity studies can be found at http://www.regulations.gov in document ``Fenpicoxamid (XDE-777): Human Health 
Risk Assessment to Establish Tolerances for Bananas, Wheat, and Rye 
Commodities Without U.S. Registration'' at pages 10 through 20 in 
docket ID number EPA-HQ-OPP-2016-0392.

B. Toxicological Points of Departure/Levels of Concern

    Once a pesticide's toxicological profile is determined, EPA 
identifies toxicological points of departure (POD) and levels of 
concern to use in evaluating the risk posed by human exposure to the 
pesticide. For hazards that have a threshold below which there is no 
appreciable risk, the toxicological POD is used as the basis for 
derivation of reference values for risk assessment. PODs are developed 
based on a careful analysis of the doses in each toxicological study to 
determine the dose at which no adverse effects are observed (the NOAEL) 
and the lowest dose at which adverse effects of concern are identified 
(the LOAEL). Uncertainty/safety factors are used in conjunction with 
the POD to calculate a safe exposure level--generally referred to as a 
population-adjusted dose (PAD) or a reference dose (RfD)--and a safe 
margin of exposure (MOE). For non-threshold risks, the Agency assumes 
that any amount of exposure will lead to some degree of risk. Thus, the 
Agency estimates risk in terms of the probability of an occurrence of 
the adverse effect expected in a lifetime. For more information on the 
general principles EPA uses in risk characterization and a complete 
description of the risk assessment process, see http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/factsheets/riskassess.htm.
    A summary of the toxicological endpoints for fenpicoxamid used for 
human risk assessment is shown in the Table of this unit.

[[Page 47998]]



  Table--Summary of Toxicological Doses and Endpoints for Fenpicoxamid for Use in Human Health Risk Assessments
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                        RfD, PAD, level
       Exposure/scenario              Point of       Uncertainty/FQPA    of concern for          Study and
                                     departure        safety factors    risk assessment    toxicological effects
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Acute Dietary (General           There were no effects in the toxicity database that could be attributed to a
 Population, including Infants    single dose; therefore, an acute POD was not identified.
 and Children).
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chronic Dietary (All             NOAEL = 40 mg/kg/  UFA = 10x UFH =    cRfD = 0.40 mg/kg/ Carcinogenicity study--
 Populations).                    day.               10x FQPA SF = 1x.  day cPAD = 0.40    mouse. MRID 49731126.
                                                                        mg/kg/day.         LOAEL = 156 and 388
                                                                                           mg/kg/day for males
                                                                                           and females,
                                                                                           respectively, based
                                                                                           on treatment-related
                                                                                           adverse liver effects
                                                                                           in males (increased
                                                                                           liver weight,
                                                                                           hypertrophy,
                                                                                           hepatocyte necrosis
                                                                                           and fatty change) and
                                                                                           females (increased
                                                                                           liver weight,
                                                                                           hypertrophy and fatty
                                                                                           change) and gall
                                                                                           bladder calculi.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cancer (oral, dermal,            ``Suggestive Evidence of Carcinogenic Potential'' based on the presence of
 inhalation).                     liver tumors in male mice only. The cRfD is protective of carcinogenic
                                  effects.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Point of Departure (POD) = A data point or an estimated point that is derived from observed dose-response data
  and used to mark the beginning of extrapolation to determine risk associated with lower environmentally
  relevant human exposures. NOAEL = no observed adverse effect level. LOAEL = lowest observed adverse effect
  level. UF = uncertainty factor. UFA = extrapolation from animal to human (interspecies). UFH = potential
  variation in sensitivity among members of the human population (intraspecies). FQPA SF = FQPA Safety Factor.
  PAD = population adjusted dose (a = acute, c = chronic). RfD = reference dose.

C. Exposure Assessment

    1. Dietary exposure from food and feed uses. In evaluating dietary 
exposure to fenpicoxamid, EPA assessed dietary exposures from 
fenpicoxamid in food as follows:
    i. Acute exposure. Quantitative acute dietary exposure and risk 
assessments are performed for a food-use pesticide, if a toxicological 
study has indicated the possibility of an effect of concern occurring 
as a result of a 1-day or single exposure. No such effects were 
identified in the toxicological studies for fenpicoxamid; therefore, a 
quantitative acute dietary exposure assessment is unnecessary.
    ii. Chronic exposure. In conducting the chronic dietary exposure 
assessment, EPA used the food consumption data from the U.S. Department 
of Agriculture's (USDA's) 2003-2008 food consumption data from the 
USDA's National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, What We Eat in 
America, (NHANES/WWEIA). As to residue levels in food, EPA used 
tolerance-level residues and 100% crop treated.
    iii. Cancer. As discussed in Unit III.A., EPA has concluded that a 
nonlinear RfD approach is appropriate for assessing cancer risk to 
fenpicoxamid.
    iv. Anticipated residue and percent crop treated (PCT) information. 
EPA did not use anticipated residues and/or PCT information in the 
dietary assessment for fenpicoxamid. Tolerance-level residues and 100% 
CT were assumed for all food commodities.
    2. Dietary exposure from drinking water. Because there are no 
domestic uses of fenpicoxamid registered in the United States, there 
will not be residues of fenpicoxamid in drinking water. Therefore, a 
drinking water assessment is not required.
    3. From non-dietary exposure. The term ``residential exposure'' is 
used in this document to refer to non-occupational, non-dietary 
exposure (e.g., for lawn and garden pest control, indoor pest control, 
termiticides, and flea and tick control on pets). Fenpicoxamid is not 
registered for any specific use patterns that would result in 
residential exposure.
    4. Cumulative effects from substances with a common mechanism of 
toxicity. Section 408(b)(2)(D)(v) of FFDCA requires that, when 
considering whether to establish, modify, or revoke a tolerance, the 
Agency consider ``available information'' concerning the cumulative 
effects of a particular pesticide's residues and ``other substances 
that have a common mechanism of toxicity.''
    EPA has not found fenpicoxamid to share a common mechanism of 
toxicity with any other substances, and fenpicoxamid does not appear to 
produce a toxic metabolite produced by other substances. For the 
purposes of this tolerance action, therefore, EPA has assumed that 
fenpicoxamid does not have a common mechanism of toxicity with other 
substances. For information regarding EPA's efforts to determine which 
chemicals have a common mechanism of toxicity and to evaluate the 
cumulative effects of such chemicals, see EPA's Web site at http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/cumulative.

D. Safety Factor for Infants and Children

    1. In general. Section 408(b)(2)(C) of FFDCA provides that EPA 
shall apply an additional tenfold (10X) margin of safety for infants 
and children in the case of threshold effects to account for prenatal 
and postnatal toxicity and the completeness of the database on toxicity 
and exposure unless EPA determines based on reliable data that a 
different margin of safety will be safe for infants and children. This 
additional margin of safety is commonly referred to as the Food Quality 
Protection Act Safety Factor (FQPA SF). In applying this provision, EPA 
either retains the default value of 10X, or uses a different additional 
safety factor when reliable data available to EPA support the choice of 
a different factor.
    2. Prenatal and postnatal sensitivity. Developmental toxicity was 
not observed in the rat or rabbit developmental studies and, no 
reproductive or offspring effects were observed in the reproduction 
toxicity study. As a result, EPA concluded there is low concern for 
prenatal or postnatal sensitivity from fenpicoxamid exposure.
    3. Conclusion. EPA has determined that reliable data show the 
safety of infants and children would be

[[Page 47999]]

adequately protected if the FQPA SF were reduced to 1X for all exposure 
scenarios. That decision is based on the following findings:
    i. The toxicity database for fenpicoxamid is complete.
    ii. There is no indication that fenpicoxamid is a neurotoxic 
chemical and there is no need for a developmental neurotoxicity study 
or additional UFs to account for neurotoxicity.
    iii. There is no evidence that fenpicoxamid results in increased 
susceptibility in in utero rats or rabbits in the prenatal 
developmental studies or in young rats in the 2-generation reproduction 
study.
    iv. There are no residual uncertainties identified in the exposure 
databases.

E. Aggregate Risks and Determination of Safety

    EPA determines whether acute and chronic dietary pesticide 
exposures are safe by comparing aggregate exposure estimates to the 
acute PAD (aPAD) and chronic PAD (cPAD). For linear cancer risks, EPA 
calculates the lifetime probability of acquiring cancer given the 
estimated aggregate exposure. Short-, intermediate-, and chronic-term 
risks are evaluated by comparing the estimated aggregate food, water, 
and residential exposure to the appropriate PODs to ensure that an 
adequate MOE exists.
    1. Acute risk. An acute aggregate risk assessment takes into 
account acute exposure estimates from dietary consumption of food and 
drinking water. No adverse effect resulting from a single oral exposure 
was identified and no acute dietary endpoint was selected. Therefore, 
fenpicoxamid is not expected to pose an acute risk.
    2. Chronic risk. Using the exposure assumptions described in this 
unit for chronic exposure, EPA has concluded that chronic exposure to 
fenpicoxamid from food for the highest exposed population subgroup, 
children 1-2 years of age, is 0.002737 mg/kg/day or <1.0% of the cPAD. 
The chronic dietary exposure estimate for the general population is 
0.001022 mg/kg/day or <1.0% of the cPAD.
    3. Short-term and intermediate-term risk. Because fenpicoxamid is 
not registered for any uses that may result in residential exposure, 
fenpicoxamid is not expected to cause any short-term or intermediate-
term risk not already accounted for in the Agency's assessment of 
chronic risk.
    4. Aggregate cancer risk for U.S. population. Based on the Agency's 
assessment of chronic risk, the Agency concludes that fenpicoxamid is 
not expected to pose a cancer risk.
    5. Determination of safety. Based on these risk assessments, EPA 
concludes that there is a reasonable certainty that no harm will result 
to the general population, or to infants and children from aggregate 
exposure to fenpicoxamid residues.

IV. Other Considerations

A. Analytical Enforcement Methodology

    Adequate enforcement methodology (high-performance liquid 
chromatography method with tandem mass spectrometry detection (LC/MS/
MS), Method No. 120615) is available to enforce the tolerance 
expression.

B. International Residue Limits

    In making its tolerance decisions, EPA seeks to harmonize U.S. 
tolerances with international standards whenever possible, consistent 
with U.S. food safety standards and agricultural practices. EPA 
considers the international maximum residue limits (MRLs) established 
by the Codex Alimentarius Commission (Codex), as required by FFDCA 
section 408(b)(4). The Codex Alimentarius is a joint United Nations 
Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization food 
standards program, and it is recognized as an international food safety 
standards-setting organization in trade agreements to which the United 
States is a party. EPA may establish a tolerance that is different from 
a Codex MRL; however, FFDCA section 408(b)(4) requires that EPA explain 
the reasons for departing from the Codex level.
    Codex has not established any MRLs for residues of fenpicoxamid.

C. Revisions to Petitioned-For Tolerances

    EPA is establishing tolerances for wheat, grain and rye, grain (at 
0.60 ppm) that differ from what the petition requested (0.7 ppm). The 
petitioner included only wheat grain residues for individual growing 
season/area combinations. Including all residues for wheat grain in the 
OECD MRL calculator in accordance with Agency policy results in a 
tolerance level of 0.60 ppm. Because the wheat grain data can be used 
to assess residues in rye grain, the Agency is establishing a tolerance 
at 0.60 ppm for rye grain as well. Finally, although the notice of 
filing and the petition summary indicate that the petitioner was 
seeking tolerances for wheat and rye, the section of the petition that 
listed actual requested tolerances more narrowly sought only ``wheat, 
grain'' and ``rye, grain'' tolerances because those are the forms in 
which the wheat and rye will be imported. Accordingly, EPA is 
establishing tolerances for the commodities ``wheat, grain'' and ``rye, 
grain''.
    EPA is establishing a different tolerance level for banana than 
what was requested based on available residue data and the OECD 
calculator, and in order to harmonize with Canada's MRL.
    EPA is not establishing any of the petitioned-for tolerances for 
livestock commodities. Based on the results of the livestock feeding 
studies, the residues of concern for livestock commodities 
(fenpicoxamid and X12326349) would be below the limit of quantification 
(LOQ) of the enforcement analytical method. Therefore, the Agency 
concludes, as indicated in 40 CFR 180.6(a)(3), that there is no 
reasonable expectation of finite residues and no tolerances are needed 
for livestock commodities at this time.

V. Conclusion

    Therefore, tolerances are established for residues of fenpicoxamid 
and its metabolites and degradates, in or on banana at 0.15 ppm, and 
rye and wheat grain at 0.60 ppm.

VI. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

    This action establishes tolerances under FFDCA section 408(d) in 
response to a petition submitted to the Agency. The Office of 
Management and Budget (OMB) has exempted these types of actions from 
review under Executive Order 12866, entitled ``Regulatory Planning and 
Review'' (58 FR 51735, October 4, 1993). Because this action has been 
exempted from review under Executive Order 12866, this action is not 
subject to Executive Order 13211, entitled ``Actions Concerning 
Regulations That Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution, or 
Use'' (66 FR 28355, May 22, 2001) or Executive Order 13045, entitled 
``Protection of Children from Environmental Health Risks and Safety 
Risks'' (62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997). This action does not contain any 
information collections subject to OMB approval under the Paperwork 
Reduction Act (PRA) (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.), nor does it require any 
special considerations under Executive Order 12898, entitled ``Federal 
Actions to Address Environmental Justice in Minority Populations and 
Low-Income Populations'' (59 FR 7629, February 16, 1994).

[[Page 48000]]

    Since tolerances and exemptions that are established on the basis 
of a petition under FFDCA section 408(d), such as the tolerance in this 
final rule, do not require the issuance of a proposed rule, the 
requirements of the Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA) (5 U.S.C. 601 et 
seq.), do not apply.
    This action directly regulates growers, food processors, food 
handlers, and food retailers, not States or tribes, nor does this 
action alter the relationships or distribution of power and 
responsibilities established by Congress in the preemption provisions 
of FFDCA section 408(n)(4). As such, the Agency has determined that 
this action will not have a substantial direct effect on States or 
tribal governments, on the relationship between the national government 
and the States or tribal governments, or on the distribution of power 
and responsibilities among the various levels of government or between 
the Federal Government and Indian tribes. Thus, the Agency has 
determined that Executive Order 13132, entitled ``Federalism'' (64 FR 
43255, August 10, 1999) and Executive Order 13175, entitled 
``Consultation and Coordination with Indian Tribal Governments'' (65 FR 
67249, November 9, 2000) do not apply to this action. In addition, this 
action does not impose any enforceable duty or contain any unfunded 
mandate as described under Title II of the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act 
(UMRA) (2 U.S.C. 1501 et seq.).
    This action does not involve any technical standards that would 
require Agency consideration of voluntary consensus standards pursuant 
to section 12(d) of the National Technology Transfer and Advancement 
Act (NTTAA) (15 U.S.C. 272 note).

VII. Congressional Review Act

    Pursuant to the Congressional Review Act (5 U.S.C. 801 et seq.), 
EPA will submit a report containing this rule and other required 
information to the U.S. Senate, the U.S. House of Representatives, and 
the Comptroller General of the United States prior to publication of 
the rule in the Federal Register. This action is not a ``major rule'' 
as defined by 5 U.S.C. 804(2).

List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 180

    Environmental protection, Administrative practice and procedure, 
Agricultural commodities, Pesticides and pests, Reporting and 
recordkeeping requirements.

    Dated: September 6, 2017.
Richard P. Keigwin, Jr.,
Acting Director, Office of Pesticide Programs.

    Therefore, 40 CFR chapter I is amended as follows:

PART 180--[AMENDED]

0
1. The authority citation for part 180 continues to read as follows:

    Authority:  21 U.S.C. 321(q), 346a and 371.


0
2. Add Sec.  180.109 to subpart C to read as follows:


Sec.  [emsp14]180.109   Fenpicoxamid; Tolerances for residues.

    (a) General. Tolerances are established for residues of 
fenpicoxamid including its metabolites and degradates, in or on the 
commodities in the table below. Compliance with the tolerance levels 
for fenpicoxamid is to be determined by measuring only fenpicoxamid 
([[4-methoxy-2-[[[(3S,7R,8R,9S)-9-methyl-8-(2-methyl-1-oxopropoxy)-2,6-
dioxo-7-(phenylmethyl)-1,5-dioxonan-3-yl]amino]carbonyl]-3-
pyridinyl]oxy]methyl 2-methylpropanoate) in or on the commodity.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                             Parts per
                        Commodity                             million
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Banana*.................................................            0.15
Wheat, grain*...........................................            0.60
Rye, grain*.............................................            0.60
------------------------------------------------------------------------
*There are no U.S. registrations for use of fenpicoxamid on this
  commodity.

    (b) Section 18 emergency exemptions. [Reserved]
    (c) Tolerances with regional registrations. [Reserved]
    (d) Indirect or inadvertent residues. [Reserved]

[FR Doc. 2017-22357 Filed 10-13-17; 8:45 am]
 BILLING CODE 6560-50-P



                                                47996              Federal Register / Vol. 82, No. 198 / Monday, October 16, 2017 / Rules and Regulations

                                                                                                       EPA-APPROVED GEORGIA REGULATIONS—Continued
                                                                                                                          State effective
                                                       State citation                        Title/subject                                           EPA approval date                              Explanation
                                                                                                                               date

                                                        *                              *                              *                       *                       *                       *                   *
                                                391–3–1–.03 ..................       Permits .........................          8/1/2013     10/16/2017, [Insert cita-       Changes specifically to (8)—Permit Require-
                                                                                                                                                tion of publication].          ments at (d) (state effective August 1, 2013)
                                                                                                                                                                               and (g) (state effective September 13, 2011).

                                                           *                            *                            *                           *                       *                      *                 *



                                                *      *       *       *         *                                Pennsylvania Ave. NW., Washington,                          and hearing requests are provided in 40
                                                [FR Doc. 2017–22250 Filed 10–13–17; 8:45 am]                      DC 20460–0001; main telephone                               CFR 178.25(b).
                                                BILLING CODE 6560–50–P                                            number: (703) 305–7090; email address:                        In addition to filing an objection or
                                                                                                                  RDFRNotices@epa.gov.                                        hearing request with the Hearing Clerk
                                                                                                                  SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:                                  as described in 40 CFR part 178, please
                                                ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION                                                                                                      submit a copy of the filing (excluding
                                                AGENCY                                                            I. General Information                                      any Confidential Business Information
                                                                                                                  A. Does this action apply to me?                            (CBI)) for inclusion in the public docket.
                                                40 CFR Part 180                                                                                                               Information not marked confidential
                                                                                                                     You may be potentially affected by
                                                [EPA–HQ–OPP–2016–0392; FRL–9966–73]                                                                                           pursuant to 40 CFR part 2 may be
                                                                                                                  this action if you are an agricultural
                                                                                                                                                                              disclosed publicly by EPA without prior
                                                Fenpicoxamid; Pesticide Tolerances                                producer, food manufacturer, or
                                                                                                                                                                              notice. Submit the non-CBI copy of your
                                                                                                                  pesticide manufacturer. The following
                                                AGENCY:  Environmental Protection                                                                                             objection or hearing request, identified
                                                                                                                  list of North American Industrial
                                                Agency (EPA).                                                                                                                 by docket ID number EPA–HQ–OPP–
                                                                                                                  Classification System (NAICS) codes is
                                                                                                                                                                              2016–0392, by one of the following
                                                ACTION: Final rule.                                               not intended to be exhaustive, but rather
                                                                                                                                                                              methods:
                                                                                                                  provides a guide to help readers
                                                SUMMARY:  This regulation establishes                                                                                           • Federal eRulemaking Portal: http://
                                                                                                                  determine whether this document
                                                tolerances for residues of fenpicoxamid                                                                                       www.regulations.gov. Follow the online
                                                                                                                  applies to them. Potentially affected
                                                (XDE 777) in or on banana, rye, and                                                                                           instructions for submitting comments.
                                                                                                                  entities may include:
                                                wheat. Dow AgroSciences LLC                                          • Crop production (NAICS code 111).                      Do not submit electronically any
                                                requested these tolerances under the                                 • Animal production (NAICS code                          information you consider to be CBI or
                                                Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act                              112).                                                       other information whose disclosure is
                                                (FFDCA).                                                             • Food manufacturing (NAICS code                         restricted by statute.
                                                                                                                  311).                                                         • Mail: OPP Docket, Environmental
                                                DATES:  This regulation is effective
                                                October 16, 2017. Objections and                                     • Pesticide manufacturing (NAICS                         Protection Agency Docket Center (EPA/
                                                                                                                  code 32532).                                                DC), (28221T), 1200 Pennsylvania Ave.
                                                requests for hearings must be received                                                                                        NW., Washington, DC 20460–0001.
                                                on or before December 15, 2017, and                               B. How can I get electronic access to                         • Hand Delivery: To make special
                                                must be filed in accordance with the                              other related information?                                  arrangements for hand delivery or
                                                instructions provided in 40 CFR part                                                                                          delivery of boxed information, please
                                                                                                                     You may access a frequently updated
                                                178 (see also Unit I.C. of the                                                                                                follow the instructions at http://
                                                                                                                  electronic version of EPA’s tolerance
                                                SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION).
                                                                                                                  regulations at 40 CFR part 180 through                      www.epa.gov/dockets/contacts.html.
                                                ADDRESSES: The docket for this action,                            the Government Printing Office’s e-CFR                        Additional instructions on
                                                identified by docket identification (ID)                          site at http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-                   commenting or visiting the docket,
                                                number EPA–HQ–OPP–2016–0392, is                                   idx?&c=ecfr&tpl=/ecfrbrowse/Title40/                        along with more information about
                                                available at http://www.regulations.gov                           40tab_02.tpl.                                               dockets generally, is available at http://
                                                or at the Office of Pesticide Programs                                                                                        www.epa.gov/dockets.
                                                Regulatory Public Docket (OPP Docket)                             C. How can I file an objection or hearing
                                                in the Environmental Protection Agency                            request?                                                    II. Summary of Petitioned-For
                                                Docket Center (EPA/DC), West William                                Under FFDCA section 408(g), 21                            Tolerance
                                                Jefferson Clinton Bldg., Rm. 3334, 1301                           U.S.C. 346a, any person may file an                           In the Federal Register of December
                                                Constitution Ave. NW., Washington, DC                             objection to any aspect of this regulation                  20, 2016 (81 FR 92758) (FRL–9956–04),
                                                20460–0001. The Public Reading Room                               and may also request a hearing on those                     EPA issued a document pursuant to
                                                is open from 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m.,                              objections. You must file your objection                    FFDCA section 408(d)(3), 21 U.S.C.
                                                Monday through Friday, excluding legal                            or request a hearing on this regulation                     346a(d)(3), announcing the filing of a
                                                holidays. The telephone number for the                            in accordance with the instructions                         pesticide petition (PP 5E8440) by Dow
                                                Public Reading Room is (202) 566–1744,                            provided in 40 CFR part 178. To ensure                      AgroSciences LLC, 9330 Zionsville Rd,
                                                and the telephone number for the OPP                              proper receipt by EPA, you must                             Indianapolis, IN 46268. The petition
                                                Docket is (703) 305–5805. Please review                           identify docket ID number EPA–HQ–                           requested that 40 CFR part 180 be
jstallworth on DSKBBY8HB2PROD with RULES




                                                the visitor instructions and additional                           OPP–2016–0392 in the subject line on                        amended by establishing tolerances for
                                                information about the docket available                            the first page of your submission. All                      residues of the fungicide fenpicoxamid
                                                at http://www.epa.gov/dockets.                                    objections and requests for a hearing                       (XDE- 777) in or on banana at 0.1 parts
                                                FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:                                  must be in writing, and must be                             per million (ppm), rye, grain and wheat,
                                                Michael L. Goodis, Registration Division                          received by the Hearing Clerk on or                         grain at 0.7 ppm; and residues of
                                                (7505P), Office of Pesticide Programs,                            before December 15, 2017. Addresses for                     fenpicoxamid and its metabolite
                                                Environmental Protection Agency, 1200                             mail and hand delivery of objections                        X12326349 expressed as fenpicoxamid


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                                                                 Federal Register / Vol. 82, No. 198 / Monday, October 16, 2017 / Rules and Regulations                                         47997

                                                equivalents in or on meat and fat from                  the relationship of the results of the                was no evidence of fetal susceptibility
                                                cattle, goats, and sheep at 0.01 ppm; and               studies to human risk. EPA has also                   in rats or rabbits, or offspring
                                                meat byproducts of cattle, goats, and                   considered available information                      susceptibility in rats. None of the
                                                sheep at 0.02 ppm. That document                        concerning the variability of the                     available studies produced evidence of
                                                referenced a summary of the petition                    sensitivities of major identifiable                   treatment-induced immunotoxicity or
                                                prepared by Dow AgroSciences LLC, the                   subgroups of consumers, including                     neurotoxicity.
                                                registrant, which is available in the                   infants and children. Fenpicoxamid has                   Specific information on the studies
                                                docket, http://www.regulations.gov.                     no significant acute toxicity via oral,               received and the nature of the adverse
                                                There were no comments received in                      dermal or inhalation route of exposure.
                                                                                                                                                              effects caused by fenpicoxamid as well
                                                response to the notice of filing. Based                 Moreover, it is not a skin irritant and
                                                                                                                                                              as the no-observed-adverse-effect-level
                                                upon review of the data supporting the                  does not cause skin sensitization.
                                                                                                           Liver effects were consistently                    (NOAEL) and the lowest-observed-
                                                petition, EPA is establishing tolerances
                                                                                                        observed in mice regardless of duration;              adverse-effect-level (LOAEL) from the
                                                as follows: 0.15 ppm for banana and
                                                0.60 ppm for rye, grain and wheat,                      however, the severity, magnitude, and                 toxicity studies can be found at http://
                                                grain. In addition, EPA has concluded                   diversity of the liver response                       www.regulations.gov in document
                                                that no tolerances are needed for                       progressed from adaptive in subchronic                ‘‘Fenpicoxamid (XDE–777): Human
                                                livestock commodities at this time. The                 exposures to adverse in chronic                       Health Risk Assessment to Establish
                                                reason for these changes are explained                  exposures. Mice exposed to                            Tolerances for Bananas, Wheat, and Rye
                                                in Unit IV.C.                                           fenpicoxamid in the diet for 80 weeks                 Commodities Without U.S.
                                                                                                        experienced liver weight increase                     Registration’’ at pages 10 through 20 in
                                                III. Aggregate Risk Assessment and                      accompanied by microscopic changes                    docket ID number EPA–HQ–OPP–2016–
                                                Determination of Safety                                 including very slight to moderate                     0392.
                                                   Section 408(b)(2)(A)(i) of FFDCA                     centrilobular/midzonal hepatocellular                 B. Toxicological Points of Departure/
                                                allows EPA to establish a tolerance (the                hypertrophy with altered tinctorial                   Levels of Concern
                                                legal limit for a pesticide chemical                    properties (increased cytoplasmic
                                                residue in or on a food) only if EPA                    eosinophilia), vacuolization consistent                  Once a pesticide’s toxicological
                                                determines that the tolerance is ‘‘safe.’’              with fatty change, and very slight                    profile is determined, EPA identifies
                                                Section 408(b)(2)(A)(ii) of FFDCA                       hepatocyte necrosis. These liver effects              toxicological points of departure (POD)
                                                defines ‘‘safe’’ to mean that ‘‘there is a              also coincided with an increased                      and levels of concern to use in
                                                reasonable certainty that no harm will                  incidence of microscopic calculi within               evaluating the risk posed by human
                                                result from aggregate exposure to the                   the gallbladder in both sexes. A                      exposure to the pesticide. For hazards
                                                pesticide chemical residue, including                   treatment-related increase in liver                   that have a threshold below which there
                                                all anticipated dietary exposures and all               tumors were seen in male mice and is                  is no appreciable risk, the toxicological
                                                other exposures for which there is                      the basis for the Agency’s classification             POD is used as the basis for derivation
                                                reliable information.’’ This includes                   of the chemical as ‘‘Suggestive Evidence              of reference values for risk assessment.
                                                exposure through drinking water and in                  of Carcinogenic Potential’’. The Agency               PODs are developed based on a careful
                                                residential settings, but does not include              determined that a non-linear approach                 analysis of the doses in each
                                                occupational exposure. Section                          adequately accounted for all chronic                  toxicological study to determine the
                                                408(b)(2)(C) of FFDCA requires EPA to                   toxicity, including carcinogenicity, that             dose at which no adverse effects are
                                                give special consideration to exposure                  could result from chronic exposure to                 observed (the NOAEL) and the lowest
                                                of infants and children to the pesticide                fenpicoxamid and, therefore,                          dose at which adverse effects of concern
                                                chemical residue in establishing a                      quantification of carcinogenic potential              are identified (the LOAEL). Uncertainty/
                                                tolerance and to ‘‘ensure that there is a               was not required. This decision was                   safety factors are used in conjunction
                                                reasonable certainty that no harm will                  based on the following considerations:                with the POD to calculate a safe
                                                result to infants and children from                     (1) There was limited evidence of                     exposure level—generally referred to as
                                                aggregate exposure to the pesticide                     carcinogenicity in the fenpicoxamid                   a population-adjusted dose (PAD) or a
                                                chemical residue. . . .’’                               toxicity database; (2) the concern for                reference dose (RfD)—and a safe margin
                                                   Consistent with FFDCA section                        mutagenicity and genotoxicity is low;                 of exposure (MOE). For non-threshold
                                                408(b)(2)(D), and the factors specified in              and (3) there was no evidence of
                                                                                                                                                              risks, the Agency assumes that any
                                                FFDCA section 408(b)(2)(D), EPA has                     carcinogenicity at doses at or below the
                                                                                                                                                              amount of exposure will lead to some
                                                reviewed the available scientific data                  chronic reference dose.
                                                                                                           Rats were likewise only adversely                  degree of risk. Thus, the Agency
                                                and other relevant information in
                                                                                                        affected by treatment following chronic               estimates risk in terms of the probability
                                                support of this action. EPA has
                                                                                                        exposures. Chronic dietary exposure                   of an occurrence of the adverse effect
                                                sufficient data to assess the hazards of
                                                                                                        elicited treatment-related changes in the             expected in a lifetime. For more
                                                and to make a determination on
                                                                                                        kidneys (increased severity of chronic                information on the general principles
                                                aggregate exposure for fenpicoxamid
                                                                                                        progressive glomerulonephropathy) that                EPA uses in risk characterization and a
                                                including exposure resulting from the
                                                                                                        were considered detrimental to the rat’s              complete description of the risk
                                                tolerances established by this action.
                                                                                                        health. However, unlike mice, chronic                 assessment process, see http://
                                                EPA’s assessment of exposures and risks
                                                                                                        exposure did not elicit an increase in                www.epa.gov/pesticides/factsheets/
                                                associated with fenpicoxamid follows.
                                                                                                        neoplasms in any tissue. Rabbits and                  riskassess.htm.
                                                A. Toxicological Profile                                dogs tolerated oral exposure up to doses                 A summary of the toxicological
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                                                  EPA has evaluated the available                       of 495 and 1,115 milligrams/kilogram/                 endpoints for fenpicoxamid used for
                                                toxicity data and considered its validity,              day (mg/kg/day), respectively, without                human risk assessment is shown in the
                                                completeness, and reliability as well as                any signs of deteriorating health. There              Table of this unit.




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                                                47998            Federal Register / Vol. 82, No. 198 / Monday, October 16, 2017 / Rules and Regulations

                                                   TABLE—SUMMARY OF TOXICOLOGICAL DOSES AND ENDPOINTS FOR FENPICOXAMID FOR USE IN HUMAN HEALTH RISK
                                                                                            ASSESSMENTS
                                                                                                                                         RfD, PAD, level of
                                                                                                              Uncertainty/FQPA
                                                  Exposure/scenario            Point of departure                                        concern for risk as-            Study and toxicological effects
                                                                                                                safety factors               sessment

                                                Acute Dietary (Gen-         There were no effects in the toxicity database that could be attributed to a single dose; therefore, an acute POD was
                                                  eral Population, in-      not identified.
                                                  cluding Infants and
                                                  Children).

                                                Chronic Dietary (All        NOAEL = 40 mg/kg/            UFA = 10x UFH = 10x           cRfD = 0.40 mg/kg/        Carcinogenicity     study—mouse.      MRID
                                                  Populations).              day.                         FQPA SF = 1x.                  day cPAD = 0.40           49731126. LOAEL = 156 and 388 mg/kg/
                                                                                                                                         mg/kg/day.                day for males and females, respectively,
                                                                                                                                                                   based on treatment-related adverse liver
                                                                                                                                                                   effects in males (increased liver weight,
                                                                                                                                                                   hypertrophy, hepatocyte necrosis and fatty
                                                                                                                                                                   change) and females (increased liver
                                                                                                                                                                   weight, hypertrophy and fatty change) and
                                                                                                                                                                   gall bladder calculi.

                                                Cancer (oral, dermal,       ‘‘Suggestive Evidence of Carcinogenic Potential’’ based on the presence of liver tumors in male mice only. The cRfD is
                                                  inhalation).              protective of carcinogenic effects.
                                                  Point of Departure (POD) = A data point or an estimated point that is derived from observed dose-response data and used to mark the begin-
                                                ning of extrapolation to determine risk associated with lower environmentally relevant human exposures. NOAEL = no observed adverse effect
                                                level. LOAEL = lowest observed adverse effect level. UF = uncertainty factor. UFA = extrapolation from animal to human (interspecies). UFH =
                                                potential variation in sensitivity among members of the human population (intraspecies). FQPA SF = FQPA Safety Factor. PAD = population ad-
                                                justed dose (a = acute, c = chronic). RfD = reference dose.


                                                C. Exposure Assessment                                  residues and 100% CT were assumed                       regarding EPA’s efforts to determine
                                                                                                        for all food commodities.                               which chemicals have a common
                                                   1. Dietary exposure from food and
                                                                                                           2. Dietary exposure from drinking                    mechanism of toxicity and to evaluate
                                                feed uses. In evaluating dietary
                                                                                                        water. Because there are no domestic                    the cumulative effects of such
                                                exposure to fenpicoxamid, EPA assessed
                                                                                                        uses of fenpicoxamid registered in the                  chemicals, see EPA’s Web site at http://
                                                dietary exposures from fenpicoxamid in
                                                                                                        United States, there will not be residues               www.epa.gov/pesticides/cumulative.
                                                food as follows:
                                                                                                        of fenpicoxamid in drinking water.
                                                   i. Acute exposure. Quantitative acute                                                                        D. Safety Factor for Infants and
                                                                                                        Therefore, a drinking water assessment
                                                dietary exposure and risk assessments                                                                           Children
                                                                                                        is not required.
                                                are performed for a food-use pesticide,                    3. From non-dietary exposure. The                       1. In general. Section 408(b)(2)(C) of
                                                if a toxicological study has indicated the              term ‘‘residential exposure’’ is used in                FFDCA provides that EPA shall apply
                                                possibility of an effect of concern                     this document to refer to non-                          an additional tenfold (10X) margin of
                                                occurring as a result of a 1-day or single              occupational, non-dietary exposure                      safety for infants and children in the
                                                exposure. No such effects were                          (e.g., for lawn and garden pest control,                case of threshold effects to account for
                                                identified in the toxicological studies                 indoor pest control, termiticides, and                  prenatal and postnatal toxicity and the
                                                for fenpicoxamid; therefore, a                          flea and tick control on pets).                         completeness of the database on toxicity
                                                quantitative acute dietary exposure                     Fenpicoxamid is not registered for any                  and exposure unless EPA determines
                                                assessment is unnecessary.                              specific use patterns that would result                 based on reliable data that a different
                                                   ii. Chronic exposure. In conducting                  in residential exposure.                                margin of safety will be safe for infants
                                                the chronic dietary exposure                               4. Cumulative effects from substances                and children. This additional margin of
                                                assessment, EPA used the food                           with a common mechanism of toxicity.                    safety is commonly referred to as the
                                                consumption data from the U.S.                          Section 408(b)(2)(D)(v) of FFDCA                        Food Quality Protection Act Safety
                                                Department of Agriculture’s (USDA’s)                    requires that, when considering whether                 Factor (FQPA SF). In applying this
                                                2003–2008 food consumption data from                    to establish, modify, or revoke a                       provision, EPA either retains the default
                                                the USDA’s National Health and                          tolerance, the Agency consider                          value of 10X, or uses a different
                                                Nutrition Examination Survey, What We                   ‘‘available information’’ concerning the                additional safety factor when reliable
                                                Eat in America, (NHANES/WWEIA). As                      cumulative effects of a particular                      data available to EPA support the choice
                                                to residue levels in food, EPA used                     pesticide’s residues and ‘‘other                        of a different factor.
                                                tolerance-level residues and 100% crop                  substances that have a common                              2. Prenatal and postnatal sensitivity.
                                                treated.                                                mechanism of toxicity.’’                                Developmental toxicity was not
                                                   iii. Cancer. As discussed in Unit                       EPA has not found fenpicoxamid to                    observed in the rat or rabbit
                                                III.A., EPA has concluded that a                        share a common mechanism of toxicity                    developmental studies and, no
                                                nonlinear RfD approach is appropriate                   with any other substances, and                          reproductive or offspring effects were
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                                                for assessing cancer risk to                            fenpicoxamid does not appear to                         observed in the reproduction toxicity
                                                fenpicoxamid.                                           produce a toxic metabolite produced by                  study. As a result, EPA concluded there
                                                   iv. Anticipated residue and percent                  other substances. For the purposes of                   is low concern for prenatal or postnatal
                                                crop treated (PCT) information. EPA did                 this tolerance action, therefore, EPA has               sensitivity from fenpicoxamid exposure.
                                                not use anticipated residues and/or PCT                 assumed that fenpicoxamid does not                         3. Conclusion. EPA has determined
                                                information in the dietary assessment                   have a common mechanism of toxicity                     that reliable data show the safety of
                                                for fenpicoxamid. Tolerance-level                       with other substances. For information                  infants and children would be


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                                                                 Federal Register / Vol. 82, No. 198 / Monday, October 16, 2017 / Rules and Regulations                                         47999

                                                adequately protected if the FQPA SF                     concludes that fenpicoxamid is not                    ‘‘wheat, grain’’ and ‘‘rye, grain’’
                                                were reduced to 1X for all exposure                     expected to pose a cancer risk.                       tolerances because those are the forms
                                                scenarios. That decision is based on the                  5. Determination of safety. Based on                in which the wheat and rye will be
                                                following findings:                                     these risk assessments, EPA concludes                 imported. Accordingly, EPA is
                                                  i. The toxicity database for                          that there is a reasonable certainty that             establishing tolerances for the
                                                fenpicoxamid is complete.                               no harm will result to the general                    commodities ‘‘wheat, grain’’ and ‘‘rye,
                                                  ii. There is no indication that                       population, or to infants and children                grain’’.
                                                fenpicoxamid is a neurotoxic chemical                   from aggregate exposure to                               EPA is establishing a different
                                                and there is no need for a                              fenpicoxamid residues.                                tolerance level for banana than what
                                                developmental neurotoxicity study or                    IV. Other Considerations                              was requested based on available
                                                additional UFs to account for                                                                                 residue data and the OECD calculator,
                                                neurotoxicity.                                          A. Analytical Enforcement Methodology                 and in order to harmonize with
                                                  iii. There is no evidence that                          Adequate enforcement methodology                    Canada’s MRL.
                                                fenpicoxamid results in increased                       (high-performance liquid                                 EPA is not establishing any of the
                                                susceptibility in in utero rats or rabbits              chromatography method with tandem                     petitioned-for tolerances for livestock
                                                in the prenatal developmental studies or                mass spectrometry detection (LC/MS/                   commodities. Based on the results of the
                                                in young rats in the 2-generation                       MS), Method No. 120615) is available to               livestock feeding studies, the residues of
                                                reproduction study.                                     enforce the tolerance expression.                     concern for livestock commodities
                                                  iv. There are no residual uncertainties                                                                     (fenpicoxamid and X12326349) would
                                                identified in the exposure databases.                   B. International Residue Limits                       be below the limit of quantification
                                                                                                          In making its tolerance decisions, EPA              (LOQ) of the enforcement analytical
                                                E. Aggregate Risks and Determination of
                                                                                                        seeks to harmonize U.S. tolerances with               method. Therefore, the Agency
                                                Safety
                                                                                                        international standards whenever                      concludes, as indicated in 40 CFR
                                                   EPA determines whether acute and                     possible, consistent with U.S. food                   180.6(a)(3), that there is no reasonable
                                                chronic dietary pesticide exposures are                 safety standards and agricultural                     expectation of finite residues and no
                                                safe by comparing aggregate exposure                    practices. EPA considers the                          tolerances are needed for livestock
                                                estimates to the acute PAD (aPAD) and                   international maximum residue limits                  commodities at this time.
                                                chronic PAD (cPAD). For linear cancer                   (MRLs) established by the Codex
                                                risks, EPA calculates the lifetime                                                                            V. Conclusion
                                                                                                        Alimentarius Commission (Codex), as
                                                probability of acquiring cancer given the               required by FFDCA section 408(b)(4).                    Therefore, tolerances are established
                                                estimated aggregate exposure. Short-,                   The Codex Alimentarius is a joint                     for residues of fenpicoxamid and its
                                                intermediate-, and chronic-term risks                   United Nations Food and Agriculture                   metabolites and degradates, in or on
                                                are evaluated by comparing the                          Organization/World Health                             banana at 0.15 ppm, and rye and wheat
                                                estimated aggregate food, water, and                    Organization food standards program,                  grain at 0.60 ppm.
                                                residential exposure to the appropriate                 and it is recognized as an international
                                                PODs to ensure that an adequate MOE                                                                           VI. Statutory and Executive Order
                                                                                                        food safety standards-setting                         Reviews
                                                exists.                                                 organization in trade agreements to
                                                   1. Acute risk. An acute aggregate risk               which the United States is a party. EPA                  This action establishes tolerances
                                                assessment takes into account acute                     may establish a tolerance that is                     under FFDCA section 408(d) in
                                                exposure estimates from dietary                         different from a Codex MRL; however,                  response to a petition submitted to the
                                                consumption of food and drinking                        FFDCA section 408(b)(4) requires that                 Agency. The Office of Management and
                                                water. No adverse effect resulting from                 EPA explain the reasons for departing                 Budget (OMB) has exempted these types
                                                a single oral exposure was identified                   from the Codex level.                                 of actions from review under Executive
                                                and no acute dietary endpoint was                         Codex has not established any MRLs                  Order 12866, entitled ‘‘Regulatory
                                                selected. Therefore, fenpicoxamid is not                for residues of fenpicoxamid.                         Planning and Review’’ (58 FR 51735,
                                                expected to pose an acute risk.                                                                               October 4, 1993). Because this action
                                                   2. Chronic risk. Using the exposure                  C. Revisions to Petitioned-For                        has been exempted from review under
                                                assumptions described in this unit for                  Tolerances                                            Executive Order 12866, this action is
                                                chronic exposure, EPA has concluded                        EPA is establishing tolerances for                 not subject to Executive Order 13211,
                                                that chronic exposure to fenpicoxamid                   wheat, grain and rye, grain (at 0.60 ppm)             entitled ‘‘Actions Concerning
                                                from food for the highest exposed                       that differ from what the petition                    Regulations That Significantly Affect
                                                population subgroup, children 1–2 years                 requested (0.7 ppm). The petitioner                   Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use’’ (66
                                                of age, is 0.002737 mg/kg/day or <1.0%                  included only wheat grain residues for                FR 28355, May 22, 2001) or Executive
                                                of the cPAD. The chronic dietary                        individual growing season/area                        Order 13045, entitled ‘‘Protection of
                                                exposure estimate for the general                       combinations. Including all residues for              Children from Environmental Health
                                                population is 0.001022 mg/kg/day or                     wheat grain in the OECD MRL                           Risks and Safety Risks’’ (62 FR 19885,
                                                <1.0% of the cPAD.                                      calculator in accordance with Agency                  April 23, 1997). This action does not
                                                   3. Short-term and intermediate-term                  policy results in a tolerance level of 0.60           contain any information collections
                                                risk. Because fenpicoxamid is not                       ppm. Because the wheat grain data can                 subject to OMB approval under the
                                                registered for any uses that may result                 be used to assess residues in rye grain,              Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA) (44
                                                in residential exposure, fenpicoxamid is                the Agency is establishing a tolerance at             U.S.C. 3501 et seq.), nor does it require
jstallworth on DSKBBY8HB2PROD with RULES




                                                not expected to cause any short-term or                 0.60 ppm for rye grain as well. Finally,              any special considerations under
                                                intermediate-term risk not already                      although the notice of filing and the                 Executive Order 12898, entitled
                                                accounted for in the Agency’s                           petition summary indicate that the                    ‘‘Federal Actions to Address
                                                assessment of chronic risk.                             petitioner was seeking tolerances for                 Environmental Justice in Minority
                                                   4. Aggregate cancer risk for U.S.                    wheat and rye, the section of the                     Populations and Low-Income
                                                population. Based on the Agency’s                       petition that listed actual requested                 Populations’’ (59 FR 7629, February 16,
                                                assessment of chronic risk, the Agency                  tolerances more narrowly sought only                  1994).


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                                                48000            Federal Register / Vol. 82, No. 198 / Monday, October 16, 2017 / Rules and Regulations

                                                   Since tolerances and exemptions that                   Dated: September 6, 2017.                           DATES:   This regulation is effective
                                                are established on the basis of a petition              Richard P. Keigwin, Jr.,                               October 16, 2017. Objections and
                                                under FFDCA section 408(d), such as                     Acting Director, Office of Pesticide Programs.         requests for hearings must be received
                                                the tolerance in this final rule, do not                   Therefore, 40 CFR chapter I is                      on or before December 15, 2017, and
                                                require the issuance of a proposed rule,                amended as follows:                                    must be filed in accordance with the
                                                the requirements of the Regulatory                                                                             instructions provided in 40 CFR part
                                                Flexibility Act (RFA) (5 U.S.C. 601 et                  PART 180—[AMENDED]                                     178 (see also Unit I.C. of the
                                                seq.), do not apply.                                                                                           SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION).
                                                                                                        ■ 1. The authority citation for part 180               ADDRESSES: The docket for this action,
                                                   This action directly regulates growers,              continues to read as follows:                          identified by docket identification (ID)
                                                food processors, food handlers, and food
                                                                                                           Authority: 21 U.S.C. 321(q), 346a and 371.          number EPA–HQ–OPP–2016–0142, is
                                                retailers, not States or tribes, nor does                                                                      available at http://www.regulations.gov
                                                this action alter the relationships or                  ■ 2. Add § 180.109 to subpart C to read
                                                                                                        as follows:                                            or at the Office of Pesticide Programs
                                                distribution of power and                                                                                      Regulatory Public Docket (OPP Docket)
                                                responsibilities established by Congress                § 180.109 Fenpicoxamid; Tolerances for                 in the Environmental Protection Agency
                                                in the preemption provisions of FFDCA                   residues.                                              Docket Center (EPA/DC), West William
                                                section 408(n)(4). As such, the Agency                     (a) General. Tolerances are                         Jefferson Clinton Bldg., Rm. 3334, 1301
                                                has determined that this action will not                established for residues of fenpicoxamid Constitution Ave. NW., Washington, DC
                                                have a substantial direct effect on States              including its metabolites and                          20460–0001. The Public Reading Room
                                                or tribal governments, on the                           degradates, in or on the commodities in is open from 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m.,
                                                relationship between the national                       the table below. Compliance with the                   Monday through Friday, excluding legal
                                                government and the States or tribal                     tolerance levels for fenpicoxamid is to                holidays. The telephone number for the
                                                governments, or on the distribution of                  be determined by measuring only                        Public Reading Room is (202) 566–1744,
                                                power and responsibilities among the                    fenpicoxamid ([[4-methoxy-2-                           and the telephone number for the OPP
                                                various levels of government or between                 [[[(3S,7R,8R,9S)-9-methyl-8-(2-methyl-1- Docket is (703) 305–5805. Please review
                                                the Federal Government and Indian                       oxopropoxy)-2,6-dioxo-7-                               the visitor instructions and additional
                                                tribes. Thus, the Agency has determined                 (phenylmethyl)-1,5-dioxonan-3-                         information about the docket available
                                                that Executive Order 13132, entitled                    yl]amino]carbonyl]-3-                                  at http://www.epa.gov/dockets.
                                                ‘‘Federalism’’ (64 FR 43255, August 10,                 pyridinyl]oxy]methyl 2-                                FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
                                                1999) and Executive Order 13175,                        methylpropanoate) in or on the                         Michael L. Goodis, Registration Division
                                                entitled ‘‘Consultation and Coordination                commodity.                                             (7505P), Office of Pesticide Programs,
                                                with Indian Tribal Governments’’ (65 FR                                                                        Environmental Protection Agency, 1200
                                                                                                                                                 Parts per     Pennsylvania Ave. NW., Washington,
                                                67249, November 9, 2000) do not apply                            Commodity                        million
                                                to this action. In addition, this action                                                                       DC 20460–0001; main telephone
                                                does not impose any enforceable duty or                 Banana* ................................          0.15 number: (703) 305–7090; email address:
                                                contain any unfunded mandate as                         Wheat, grain* ........................            0.60 RDFRNotices@epa.gov.
                                                described under Title II of the Unfunded                Rye, grain* ............................          0.60 SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
                                                Mandates Reform Act (UMRA) (2 U.S.C.                      *There are no U.S. registrations for use of         I. General Information
                                                1501 et seq.).                                          fenpicoxamid on this commodity.
                                                                                                                                                              A. Does this action apply to me?
                                                   This action does not involve any                       (b) Section 18 emergency exemptions.
                                                                                                        [Reserved]                                               You may be potentially affected by
                                                technical standards that would require
                                                                                                          (c) Tolerances with regional                        this action if you are an agricultural
                                                Agency consideration of voluntary
                                                                                                        registrations. [Reserved]                             producer, food manufacturer, or
                                                consensus standards pursuant to section
                                                                                                          (d) Indirect or inadvertent residues.               pesticide manufacturer. The following
                                                12(d) of the National Technology                                                                              list of North American Industrial
                                                                                                        [Reserved]
                                                Transfer and Advancement Act                                                                                  Classification System (NAICS) codes is
                                                                                                        [FR Doc. 2017–22357 Filed 10–13–17; 8:45 am]
                                                (NTTAA) (15 U.S.C. 272 note).                                                                                 not intended to be exhaustive, but rather
                                                                                                        BILLING CODE 6560–50–P
                                                VII. Congressional Review Act                                                                                 provides a guide to help readers
                                                                                                                                                              determine whether this document
                                                  Pursuant to the Congressional Review                  ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION                              applies to them. Potentially affected
                                                Act (5 U.S.C. 801 et seq.), EPA will                    AGENCY                                                entities may include:
                                                submit a report containing this rule and                                                                         • Crop production (NAICS code 111).
                                                other required information to the U.S.                  40 CFR Part 180                                          • Animal production (NAICS code
                                                Senate, the U.S. House of                                                                                     112).
                                                                                                        [EPA–HQ–OPP–2016–0142; FRL–9966–13]                      • Food manufacturing (NAICS code
                                                Representatives, and the Comptroller
                                                General of the United States prior to                   Triflumezopyrim; Pesticide Tolerances                 311).
                                                                                                                                                                 • Pesticide manufacturing (NAICS
                                                publication of the rule in the Federal                  AGENCY:  Environmental Protection                     code 32532).
                                                Register. This action is not a ‘‘major                  Agency (EPA).
                                                rule’’ as defined by 5 U.S.C. 804(2).                                                                         B. How can I get electronic access to
                                                                                                        ACTION: Final rule.                                   other related information?
                                                List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 180
jstallworth on DSKBBY8HB2PROD with RULES




                                                                                                        SUMMARY:   This regulation establishes                   You may access a frequently updated
                                                  Environmental protection,                             tolerances for residues of                            electronic version of EPA’s tolerance
                                                Administrative practice and procedure,                  triflumezopyrim in or on rice, grain and              regulations at 40 CFR part 180 through
                                                Agricultural commodities, Pesticides                    rice, hulls. E.I. Dupont de Nemours and               the Government Printing Office’s e-CFR
                                                and pests, Reporting and recordkeeping                  Company requested these tolerances                    site at http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-
                                                requirements.                                           under the Federal Food, Drug, and                     idx?&c=ecfr&tpl=/ecfrbrowse/Title40/
                                                                                                        Cosmetic Act (FFDCA).                                 40tab_02.tpl. To access the OCSPP test


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Document Created: 2017-10-14 01:42:59
Document Modified: 2017-10-14 01:42:59
CategoryRegulatory Information
CollectionFederal Register
sudoc ClassAE 2.7:
GS 4.107:
AE 2.106:
PublisherOffice of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Administration
SectionRules and Regulations
ActionFinal rule.
DatesThis regulation is effective October 16, 2017. Objections and requests for hearings must be received on or before December 15, 2017, and must be filed in accordance with the instructions provided in 40 CFR part 178 (see also Unit I.C. of the SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION).
ContactMichael L. Goodis, Registration Division (7505P), Office of Pesticide Programs, Environmental Protection Agency, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave. NW., Washington, DC 20460-
FR Citation82 FR 47996 
CFR AssociatedEnvironmental Protection; Administrative Practice and Procedure; Agricultural Commodities; Pesticides and Pests and Reporting and Recordkeeping Requirements

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