82_FR_8271 82 FR 8257 - Hazardous Materials: Oregon Hazardous Waste Management Regulation

82 FR 8257 - Hazardous Materials: Oregon Hazardous Waste Management Regulation

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration

Federal Register Volume 82, Issue 14 (January 24, 2017)

Page Range8257-8259
FR Document2017-00788

Interested parties are invited to comment on an application by NORA, An Association of Responsible Recyclers (NORA) for an administrative determination as to whether Federal hazardous material transportation law preempts a hazardous waste regulation of the State of Oregon that imposes a strict liability standard on transporters.

Federal Register, Volume 82 Issue 14 (Tuesday, January 24, 2017)
[Federal Register Volume 82, Number 14 (Tuesday, January 24, 2017)]
[Notices]
[Pages 8257-8259]
From the Federal Register Online  [www.thefederalregister.org]
[FR Doc No: 2017-00788]


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DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration

[Docket No. PHMSA-2016-0163; PDA-39(R)]


Hazardous Materials: Oregon Hazardous Waste Management Regulation

AGENCY: Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA), 
DOT.

ACTION: Public Notice and Invitation to comment.

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SUMMARY: Interested parties are invited to comment on an application by 
NORA, An Association of Responsible Recyclers (NORA) for an 
administrative determination as to whether Federal hazardous material 
transportation law preempts a hazardous waste regulation of the State 
of Oregon that imposes a strict liability standard on transporters.

DATES: Comments received on or before March 10, 2017 and rebuttal 
comments received on or before April 24, 2017 will be considered before 
an administrative determination is issued by PHMSA's Chief Counsel. 
Rebuttal comments may discuss only those issues raised by comments 
received during the initial comment period and may not discuss new 
issues.

ADDRESSES: NORA's application and all comments received may be reviewed 
in the Docket Operations Facility (M-30), U.S. Department of 
Transportation, West Building Ground Floor, Room W12-140, 1200 New 
Jersey Avenue SE., Washington, DC 20590. The application and all 
comments are available on the U.S. Government Regulations.gov Web site: 
http://www.regulations.gov.
    Comments must refer to Docket No. PHMSA-2016-0163 and may be 
submitted by any of the following methods:
     Federal eRulemaking Portal: Go to http://www.regulations.gov. Follow the online instructions for submitting 
comments.
     Fax: 1-202-493-2251.
     Mail: Docket Operations Facility (M-30), U.S. Department 
of Transportation, West Building Ground Floor, Room W12-140, 1200 New 
Jersey Avenue SE., Washington, DC 20590.
     Hand Delivery: Docket Operations Facility (M-30), U.S. 
Department of Transportation, West Building Ground Floor, Room W12-140, 
1200 New Jersey Avenue SE., Washington, DC 20590, between 9:00 a.m. and 
5:00 p.m., Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays.
    A copy of each comment must also be sent to (1) Scott D. Parker, 
Executive Director, NORA, An Association of Responsible Recyclers, 7250 
Heritage Village Plaza, Suite 201, Gainesville, VA 20155, and (2) Ellen 
Rosenblum, Attorney General, Justice Building, 1162 Court Street NE., 
Salem OR 97301. A certification that a copy has been sent to these 
persons must also be included with the comment. (The following format 
is suggested: ``I certify that copies of this comment have been sent to 
Mr. Parker and Ms. Rosenblum at the addresses specified in the Federal 
Register.'')
    Anyone is able to search the electronic form of all comments 
received into any of our dockets by the name of the individual 
submitting the comment (or signing a comment submitted on behalf of an 
association, business, labor union, etc.). You may review DOT's 
complete Privacy Act Statement in the Federal Register published on 
April 11, 2000 (65 FR 19477-78), or you may visit http://www.regulations.gov.
    A subject matter index of hazardous materials preemption cases, 
including a listing of all inconsistency rulings and preemption 
determinations, is available through PHMSA's home page at http://phmsa.dot.gov. From the home page, click on ``Hazardous Materials 
Safety,'' then on ``Standards & Rulemaking,'' then on ``Preemption 
Determinations'' located on the right side of the page. A paper copy of 
the index will be provided at no cost upon request to Mr. Lopez, at the 
address and telephone number set forth in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION 
CONTACT section below.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Vincent Lopez, Office of Chief Counsel 
(PHC-10), Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, U.S. 
Department of Transportation, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE., Washington, 
DC 20590; telephone No. 202-366-4400; facsimile No. 202-366-7041.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

I. Application for a Preemption Determination

    NORA has applied to PHMSA for a determination whether Federal 
hazardous material transportation law, 49 U.S.C. 5101 et seq., preempts 
the State of Oregon's Administrative Rule (OAR), OAR 340-100-0002(1) 
\1\, as it is applied to transporters. Specifically, NORA states that 
the Oregon Environmental Quality Commission (OEQC) interprets the 
Oregon regulation, which adopts the United States Environmental 
Protection Agency's regulation, 40 CFR 263.20(a)(1), as imposing a 
strict liability standard on transporters of hazardous waste.\2\ 
According to NORA, under Oregon law, ``the transporter exercising 
reasonable care may not rely on the information provided by the 
generator and instead must be held to a strict liability standard.'' 
(emphasis omitted).
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    \1\ The Oregon regulation adopts by reference the United States 
Environmental Protection Agency's rules and regulations governing 
the management of hazardous waste, including its generation, 
transportation, treatment, storage, recycling and disposal, as 
prescribed in 40 CFR parts 260 to 268, 270, and 273, and subparts A 
and B of part 124. See OAR 340-100-0002(1).
    \2\ NORA states that this issue is being litigated and is 
presently under consideration by the Oregon Supreme Court.
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    NORA presents three main arguments for why it believes Oregon's 
hazardous waste regulation should be preempted. First, NORA contends 
that it is not possible to comply with both the Oregon rule and the 
federal requirements because the ``HMTA regulation requires the 
transporter to exercise reasonable care'' while Oregon's strict 
liability interpretation does not. Next, NORA argues that

[[Page 8258]]

Oregon's strict liability standard creates an obstacle for interstate 
transporters. Furthermore, NORA opines that the State's inconsistent 
strict liability standard will encourage the misclassification of 
hazardous material. Last, NORA states ``a strict liability standard is 
not `substantively the same' as a reasonable care liability standard.'' 
NORA notes that ``under Oregon's interpretation, a transporter who 
satisfies the reasonable care standard in section 171.2(f) would 
nonetheless be strictly liable for the generator's waste 
mischaracterization.''
    In summary, NORA contends the State of Oregon's Administrative 
Rule, OAR 340-100-0002(1), should be preempted because:
     It is not possible to comply with both the Oregon rule and 
the federal requirements;
     It creates an obstacle to carrying out the federal 
requirements; and
     A strict liability standard is not substantively the same 
as the federal requirements.

II. Federal Preemption

    Section 5125 of 49 U.S.C. contains express preemption provisions 
relevant to this proceeding. As amended by Section 1711(b) of the 
Homeland Security Act of 2002 (Pub. L. 107-296, 116 Stat. 2319), 49 
U.S.C. 5125(a) provides that a requirement of a State, political 
subdivision of a State, or Indian tribe is preempted--unless the non-
Federal requirement is authorized by another Federal law or DOT grants 
a waiver of preemption under section 5125(e)--if (1) complying with the 
non-Federal requirement and the Federal requirement is not possible; or 
(2) the non-Federal requirement, as applied and enforced, is an 
obstacle to accomplishing and carrying out the Federal requirement.
    These two sentences set forth the ``dual compliance'' and 
``obstacle'' criteria that PHMSA's predecessor agency, the Research and 
Special Programs Administration, had applied in issuing inconsistency 
rulings prior to 1990, under the original preemption provision in the 
Hazardous Materials Transportation Act (HMTA). Public Law 93-633 Sec.  
112(a), 88 Stat. 2161 (1975). The dual compliance and obstacle criteria 
are based on U.S. Supreme Court decisions on preemption. Hines v. 
Davidowitz, 312 U.S. 52 (1941); Florida Lime & Avocado Growers, Inc. v. 
Paul, 373 U.S. 132 (1963); Ray v. Atlantic Richfield, Inc., 435 U.S. 
151 (1978).
    Subsection (b)(1) of 49 U.S.C. 5125 provides that a non-Federal 
requirement concerning any of the following subjects is preempted--
unless authorized by another Federal law or DOT grants a waiver of 
preemption--when the non-Federal requirement is not ``substantively the 
same as'' a provision of Federal hazardous material transportation law, 
a regulation prescribed under that law, or a hazardous materials 
security regulation or directive issued by the Department of Homeland 
Security. The five subject areas include: The designation, description, 
and classification of hazardous material; the packing, repacking, 
handling, labeling, marking, and placarding of hazardous material; the 
preparation, execution, and use of shipping documents related to 
hazardous material and requirements related to the number, contents, 
and placement of those documents; the written notification, recording, 
and reporting of the unintentional release in transportation of 
hazardous material and other written hazardous materials transportation 
incident reporting involving State or local emergency responders in the 
initial response to the incident; and the designing, manufacturing, 
fabricating, inspecting, marking, maintaining, reconditioning, 
repairing, or testing a package, container, or packaging component that 
is represented, marked, certified, or sold as qualified for use in 
transporting hazardous material in commerce.
    To be ``substantively the same,'' the non-Federal requirement must 
conform ``in every significant respect to the Federal requirement. 
Editorial and other similar de minimis changes are permitted.'' 49 CFR 
107.202(d).\3\
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    \3\ Additional standards apply to preemption of non-Federal 
requirements on highway routes over which hazardous materials may or 
may not be transported and fees related to transporting hazardous 
material. See 49 U.S.C. 5125(c) and (f). See also 49 CFR 171.1(f) 
which explains that a ``facility at which functions regulated under 
the HMR are performed may be subject to applicable laws and 
regulations of state and local governments and Indian tribes.''
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    The 2002 amendments and 2005 reenactment of the preemption 
provisions in 49 U.S.C. 5125 reaffirmed Congress's long-standing view 
that a single body of uniform Federal regulations promotes safety 
(including security) in the transportation of hazardous materials. More 
than thirty years ago, when it was considering the HMTA, the Senate 
Commerce Committee ``endorse[d] the principle of preemption in order to 
preclude a multiplicity of State and local regulations and the 
potential for varying as well as conflicting regulations in the area of 
hazardous materials transportation.'' S. Rep. No. 1102, 93rd Cong. 2nd 
Sess. 37 (1974). When Congress expanded the preemption provisions in 
1990, it specifically found that many States and localities have 
enacted laws and regulations which vary from Federal laws and 
regulations pertaining to the transportation of hazardous materials, 
thereby creating the potential for unreasonable hazards in other 
jurisdictions and confounding shippers and carriers which attempt to 
comply with multiple and conflicting registration, permitting, routing, 
notification, and other regulatory requirements. And because of the 
potential risks to life, property, and the environment posed by 
unintentional releases of hazardous materials, consistency in laws and 
regulations governing the transportation of hazardous materials is 
necessary and desirable. Therefore, in order to achieve greater 
uniformity and to promote the public health, welfare, and safety at all 
levels, Federal standards for regulating the transportation of 
hazardous materials in intrastate, interstate, and foreign commerce are 
necessary and desirable.\4\
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    \4\ Public Law 101-615 Sec.  2, 104 Stat. 3244. (In 1994, 
Congress revised, codified and enacted the HMTA ``without 
substantive change,'' at 49 U.S.C. Chapter 51. Public Law 103-272, 
108 Stat. 745 (July 5, 1994).)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    A United States Court of Appeals has found uniformity was the 
``linchpin'' in the design of the Federal laws governing the 
transportation of hazardous materials. Colorado Pub. Util. Comm'n v. 
Harmon, 951 F.2d 1571, 1575 (10th Cir. 1991).

III. Preemption Determinations

    Under 49 U.S.C. 5125(d)(1), any person (including a State, 
political subdivision of a State, or Indian tribe) directly affected by 
a requirement of a State, political subdivision or tribe may apply to 
the Secretary of Transportation for a determination whether the 
requirement is preempted. The Secretary of Transportation has delegated 
authority to PHMSA to make determinations of preemption, except for 
those concerning highway routing (which have been delegated to the 
Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration). 49 CFR 1.97(b).
    Section 5125(d)(1) requires notice of an application for a 
preemption determination to be published in the Federal Register. 
Following the receipt and consideration of written comments, PHMSA 
publishes its determination in the Federal Register. See 49 CFR 
107.209(c). A short period of time is allowed for filing of petitions 
for reconsideration. 49 CFR 107.211. A petition for judicial review of 
a final preemption determination must be filed in the United States 
Court of Appeals

[[Page 8259]]

for the District of Columbia or in the Court of Appeals for the United 
States for the circuit in which the petitioner resides or has its 
principal place of business, within 60 days after the determination 
becomes final. 49 U.S.C. 5127(a).
    Preemption determinations do not address issues of preemption 
arising under the Commerce Clause, the Fifth Amendment or other 
provisions of the Constitution, or statutes other than the Federal 
hazardous material transportation law unless it is necessary to do so 
in order to determine whether a requirement is authorized by another 
Federal law, or whether a fee is ``fair'' within the meaning of 49 
U.S.C. 5125(f)(1). A State, local or Indian tribe requirement is not 
authorized by another Federal law merely because it is not preempted by 
another Federal statute. Colorado Pub. Util. Comm'n v. Harmon, above, 
951 F.2d at 1581 n.10.
    In making preemption determinations under 49 U.S.C. 5125(d), PHMSA 
is guided by the principles and policies set forth in Executive Order 
No. 13132, entitled ``Federalism'' (64 FR 43255 (Aug. 10, 1999)), and 
the President's May 20, 2009 memorandum on ``Preemption'' (74 FR 24693 
(May 22, 2009)). Section 4(a) of that Executive Order authorizes 
preemption of State laws only when a statute contains an express 
preemption provision, there is other clear evidence Congress intended 
to preempt State law, or the exercise of State authority directly 
conflicts with the exercise of Federal authority. The President's May 
20, 2009 memorandum sets forth the policy ``that preemption of State 
law by executive departments and agencies should be undertaken only 
with full consideration of the legitimate prerogatives of the States 
and with a sufficient legal basis for preemption.'' Section 5125 
contains express preemption provisions, which PHMSA has implemented 
through its regulations.

IV. Public Comments

    All comments should be directed to whether 49 U.S.C. 5125 preempts 
a hazardous waste regulation of the State of Oregon that imposes a 
strict liability standard on transporters. Comments should specifically 
address the preemption criteria discussed in Part II above.

    Issued in Washington, DC, on January 10, 2017.
Vasiliki Tsaganos,
Acting Chief Counsel.
[FR Doc. 2017-00788 Filed 1-23-17; 8:45 am]
 BILLING CODE 4910-60-P



                                                                              Federal Register / Vol. 82, No. 14 / Tuesday, January 24, 2017 / Notices                                                        8257

                                                Memorandum of Agreement, dated                          determination is issued by PHMSA’s                     listing of all inconsistency rulings and
                                                January 3, 2017; project-level air quality              Chief Counsel. Rebuttal comments may                   preemption determinations, is available
                                                conformity; and a Finding of No                         discuss only those issues raised by                    through PHMSA’s home page at http://
                                                Significant Impact, dated January 6,                    comments received during the initial                   phmsa.dot.gov. From the home page,
                                                2017. Supporting Documentation:                         comment period and may not discuss                     click on ‘‘Hazardous Materials Safety,’’
                                                Environmental Assessment, dated May                     new issues.                                            then on ‘‘Standards & Rulemaking,’’
                                                2016.                                                   ADDRESSES: NORA’s application and all                  then on ‘‘Preemption Determinations’’
                                                   2. Project name and location: 68th                   comments received may be reviewed in                   located on the right side of the page. A
                                                Street/Hunter College Station                           the Docket Operations Facility (M–30),                 paper copy of the index will be
                                                Improvement Project, New York, NY.                      U.S. Department of Transportation,                     provided at no cost upon request to Mr.
                                                Project sponsor: Metropolitan                           West Building Ground Floor, Room                       Lopez, at the address and telephone
                                                Transportation Authority (MTA). Project                 W12–140, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE.,                   number set forth in the FOR FURTHER
                                                description: The proposed project                       Washington, DC 20590. The application                  INFORMATION CONTACT section below.
                                                would reconfigure the 68th Street/                      and all comments are available on the                  FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
                                                Hunter College Subway Station located                   U.S. Government Regulations.gov Web                    Vincent Lopez, Office of Chief Counsel
                                                at Lexington Avenue and East 68th                       site: http://www.regulations.gov.                      (PHC–10), Pipeline and Hazardous
                                                Street in Manhattan to provide                             Comments must refer to Docket No.                   Materials Safety Administration, U.S.
                                                Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)                   PHMSA–2016–0163 and may be                             Department of Transportation, 1200
                                                accessibility and improve passenger                     submitted by any of the following                      New Jersey Avenue SE., Washington,
                                                circulation. The project would make                     methods:                                               DC 20590; telephone No. 202–366–4400;
                                                changes at the street, mezzanine, and                      • Federal eRulemaking Portal: Go to                 facsimile No. 202–366–7041.
                                                platform levels, including new street                   http://www.regulations.gov. Follow the                 SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
                                                stairs, new mezzanines, and new                         online instructions for submitting
                                                platform stairs near the north end of the               comments.                                              I. Application for a Preemption
                                                station. Final agency actions: Section                     • Fax: 1–202–493–2251.                              Determination
                                                4(f) de minimis impact determination;                      • Mail: Docket Operations Facility                     NORA has applied to PHMSA for a
                                                Section 106 finding of no adverse effect;               (M–30), U.S. Department of                             determination whether Federal
                                                and a Finding of No Significant Impact,                 Transportation, West Building Ground                   hazardous material transportation law,
                                                dated July 28, 2016. Supporting                         Floor, Room W12–140, 1200 New Jersey                   49 U.S.C. 5101 et seq., preempts the
                                                Documentation: Environmental                            Avenue SE., Washington, DC 20590.                      State of Oregon’s Administrative Rule
                                                Assessment, dated February 2016.                           • Hand Delivery: Docket Operations                  (OAR), OAR 340–100–0002(1) 1, as it is
                                                Lucy Garliauskas,                                       Facility (M–30), U.S. Department of                    applied to transporters. Specifically,
                                                Associate Administrator Planning and
                                                                                                        Transportation, West Building Ground                   NORA states that the Oregon
                                                Environment.                                            Floor, Room W12–140, 1200 New Jersey                   Environmental Quality Commission
                                                [FR Doc. 2017–01449 Filed 1–23–17; 8:45 am]
                                                                                                        Avenue SE., Washington, DC 20590,                      (OEQC) interprets the Oregon
                                                                                                        between 9:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m.,                       regulation, which adopts the United
                                                BILLING CODE P
                                                                                                        Monday through Friday, except Federal                  States Environmental Protection
                                                                                                        holidays.                                              Agency’s regulation, 40 CFR
                                                DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION                               A copy of each comment must also be                 263.20(a)(1), as imposing a strict
                                                                                                        sent to (1) Scott D. Parker, Executive                 liability standard on transporters of
                                                Pipeline and Hazardous Materials                        Director, NORA, An Association of                      hazardous waste.2 According to NORA,
                                                Safety Administration                                   Responsible Recyclers, 7250 Heritage                   under Oregon law, ‘‘the transporter
                                                                                                        Village Plaza, Suite 201, Gainesville, VA              exercising reasonable care may not rely
                                                [Docket No. PHMSA–2016–0163; PDA–
                                                                                                        20155, and (2) Ellen Rosenblum,                        on the information provided by the
                                                39(R)]
                                                                                                        Attorney General, Justice Building, 1162               generator and instead must be held to a
                                                Hazardous Materials: Oregon                             Court Street NE., Salem OR 97301. A                    strict liability standard.’’ (emphasis
                                                Hazardous Waste Management                              certification that a copy has been sent to             omitted).
                                                Regulation                                              these persons must also be included                       NORA presents three main arguments
                                                                                                        with the comment. (The following                       for why it believes Oregon’s hazardous
                                                AGENCY:  Pipeline and Hazardous                         format is suggested: ‘‘I certify that                  waste regulation should be preempted.
                                                Materials Safety Administration                         copies of this comment have been sent                  First, NORA contends that it is not
                                                (PHMSA), DOT.                                           to Mr. Parker and Ms. Rosenblum at the                 possible to comply with both the
                                                ACTION: Public Notice and Invitation to                 addresses specified in the Federal                     Oregon rule and the federal
                                                comment.                                                Register.’’)                                           requirements because the ‘‘HMTA
                                                                                                           Anyone is able to search the                        regulation requires the transporter to
                                                SUMMARY:    Interested parties are invited              electronic form of all comments                        exercise reasonable care’’ while
                                                to comment on an application by                         received into any of our dockets by the                Oregon’s strict liability interpretation
                                                NORA, An Association of Responsible                     name of the individual submitting the                  does not. Next, NORA argues that
                                                Recyclers (NORA) for an administrative                  comment (or signing a comment
                                                determination as to whether Federal                     submitted on behalf of an association,                    1 The Oregon regulation adopts by reference the

                                                hazardous material transportation law                   business, labor union, etc.). You may                  United States Environmental Protection Agency’s
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                                                preempts a hazardous waste regulation                                                                          rules and regulations governing the management of
                                                                                                        review DOT’s complete Privacy Act                      hazardous waste, including its generation,
                                                of the State of Oregon that imposes a                   Statement in the Federal Register                      transportation, treatment, storage, recycling and
                                                strict liability standard on transporters.              published on April 11, 2000 (65 FR                     disposal, as prescribed in 40 CFR parts 260 to 268,
                                                DATES: Comments received on or before                   19477–78), or you may visit http://                    270, and 273, and subparts A and B of part 124. See
                                                                                                                                                               OAR 340–100–0002(1).
                                                March 10, 2017 and rebuttal comments                    www.regulations.gov.                                      2 NORA states that this issue is being litigated and
                                                received on or before April 24, 2017 will                  A subject matter index of hazardous                 is presently under consideration by the Oregon
                                                be considered before an administrative                  materials preemption cases, including a                Supreme Court.



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                                                8258                          Federal Register / Vol. 82, No. 14 / Tuesday, January 24, 2017 / Notices

                                                Oregon’s strict liability standard creates              another Federal law or DOT grants a                    provisions in 1990, it specifically found
                                                an obstacle for interstate transporters.                waiver of preemption—when the non-                     that many States and localities have
                                                Furthermore, NORA opines that the                       Federal requirement is not                             enacted laws and regulations which
                                                State’s inconsistent strict liability                   ‘‘substantively the same as’’ a provision              vary from Federal laws and regulations
                                                standard will encourage the                             of Federal hazardous material                          pertaining to the transportation of
                                                misclassification of hazardous material.                transportation law, a regulation                       hazardous materials, thereby creating
                                                Last, NORA states ‘‘a strict liability                  prescribed under that law, or a                        the potential for unreasonable hazards
                                                standard is not ‘substantively the same’                hazardous materials security regulation                in other jurisdictions and confounding
                                                as a reasonable care liability standard.’’              or directive issued by the Department of               shippers and carriers which attempt to
                                                NORA notes that ‘‘under Oregon’s                        Homeland Security. The five subject                    comply with multiple and conflicting
                                                interpretation, a transporter who                       areas include: The designation,                        registration, permitting, routing,
                                                satisfies the reasonable care standard in               description, and classification of                     notification, and other regulatory
                                                section 171.2(f) would nonetheless be                   hazardous material; the packing,                       requirements. And because of the
                                                strictly liable for the generator’s waste               repacking, handling, labeling, marking,                potential risks to life, property, and the
                                                mischaracterization.’’                                  and placarding of hazardous material;                  environment posed by unintentional
                                                   In summary, NORA contends the                        the preparation, execution, and use of                 releases of hazardous materials,
                                                State of Oregon’s Administrative Rule,                  shipping documents related to                          consistency in laws and regulations
                                                OAR 340–100–0002(1), should be                          hazardous material and requirements                    governing the transportation of
                                                preempted because:                                      related to the number, contents, and                   hazardous materials is necessary and
                                                   • It is not possible to comply with                  placement of those documents; the                      desirable. Therefore, in order to achieve
                                                both the Oregon rule and the federal                    written notification, recording, and                   greater uniformity and to promote the
                                                requirements;                                           reporting of the unintentional release in              public health, welfare, and safety at all
                                                   • It creates an obstacle to carrying out             transportation of hazardous material                   levels, Federal standards for regulating
                                                the federal requirements; and                           and other written hazardous materials                  the transportation of hazardous
                                                   • A strict liability standard is not                 transportation incident reporting                      materials in intrastate, interstate, and
                                                substantively the same as the federal                   involving State or local emergency                     foreign commerce are necessary and
                                                requirements.                                           responders in the initial response to the              desirable.4
                                                II. Federal Preemption                                  incident; and the designing,                              A United States Court of Appeals has
                                                                                                        manufacturing, fabricating, inspecting,                found uniformity was the ‘‘linchpin’’ in
                                                   Section 5125 of 49 U.S.C. contains                   marking, maintaining, reconditioning,                  the design of the Federal laws governing
                                                express preemption provisions relevant                  repairing, or testing a package,                       the transportation of hazardous
                                                to this proceeding. As amended by                       container, or packaging component that                 materials. Colorado Pub. Util. Comm’n
                                                Section 1711(b) of the Homeland                         is represented, marked, certified, or sold             v. Harmon, 951 F.2d 1571, 1575 (10th
                                                Security Act of 2002 (Pub. L. 107–296,                  as qualified for use in transporting                   Cir. 1991).
                                                116 Stat. 2319), 49 U.S.C. 5125(a)                      hazardous material in commerce.
                                                provides that a requirement of a State,                                                                        III. Preemption Determinations
                                                                                                           To be ‘‘substantively the same,’’ the
                                                political subdivision of a State, or                    non-Federal requirement must conform                      Under 49 U.S.C. 5125(d)(1), any
                                                Indian tribe is preempted—unless the                    ‘‘in every significant respect to the                  person (including a State, political
                                                non-Federal requirement is authorized                   Federal requirement. Editorial and other               subdivision of a State, or Indian tribe)
                                                by another Federal law or DOT grants a                  similar de minimis changes are                         directly affected by a requirement of a
                                                waiver of preemption under section                      permitted.’’ 49 CFR 107.202(d).3                       State, political subdivision or tribe may
                                                5125(e)—if (1) complying with the non-                     The 2002 amendments and 2005                        apply to the Secretary of Transportation
                                                Federal requirement and the Federal                     reenactment of the preemption                          for a determination whether the
                                                requirement is not possible; or (2) the                 provisions in 49 U.S.C. 5125 reaffirmed                requirement is preempted. The
                                                non-Federal requirement, as applied                     Congress’s long-standing view that a                   Secretary of Transportation has
                                                and enforced, is an obstacle to                         single body of uniform Federal                         delegated authority to PHMSA to make
                                                accomplishing and carrying out the                      regulations promotes safety (including                 determinations of preemption, except
                                                Federal requirement.                                    security) in the transportation of                     for those concerning highway routing
                                                   These two sentences set forth the                    hazardous materials. More than thirty                  (which have been delegated to the
                                                ‘‘dual compliance’’ and ‘‘obstacle’’                    years ago, when it was considering the                 Federal Motor Carrier Safety
                                                criteria that PHMSA’s predecessor                       HMTA, the Senate Commerce                              Administration). 49 CFR 1.97(b).
                                                agency, the Research and Special                        Committee ‘‘endorse[d] the principle of                   Section 5125(d)(1) requires notice of
                                                Programs Administration, had applied                    preemption in order to preclude a                      an application for a preemption
                                                in issuing inconsistency rulings prior to               multiplicity of State and local                        determination to be published in the
                                                1990, under the original preemption                     regulations and the potential for varying              Federal Register. Following the receipt
                                                provision in the Hazardous Materials                    as well as conflicting regulations in the              and consideration of written comments,
                                                Transportation Act (HMTA). Public Law                   area of hazardous materials                            PHMSA publishes its determination in
                                                93–633 § 112(a), 88 Stat. 2161 (1975).                  transportation.’’ S. Rep. No. 1102, 93rd               the Federal Register. See 49 CFR
                                                The dual compliance and obstacle                        Cong. 2nd Sess. 37 (1974). When                        107.209(c). A short period of time is
                                                criteria are based on U.S. Supreme                      Congress expanded the preemption                       allowed for filing of petitions for
                                                Court decisions on preemption. Hines v.                                                                        reconsideration. 49 CFR 107.211. A
                                                                                                                                                               petition for judicial review of a final
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                                                Davidowitz, 312 U.S. 52 (1941); Florida                    3 Additional standards apply to preemption of

                                                Lime & Avocado Growers, Inc. v. Paul,                   non-Federal requirements on highway routes over        preemption determination must be filed
                                                                                                        which hazardous materials may or may not be            in the United States Court of Appeals
                                                373 U.S. 132 (1963); Ray v. Atlantic                    transported and fees related to transporting
                                                Richfield, Inc., 435 U.S. 151 (1978).                   hazardous material. See 49 U.S.C. 5125(c) and (f).
                                                                                                                                                                  4 Public Law 101–615 § 2, 104 Stat. 3244. (In
                                                   Subsection (b)(1) of 49 U.S.C. 5125                  See also 49 CFR 171.1(f) which explains that a
                                                                                                        ‘‘facility at which functions regulated under the      1994, Congress revised, codified and enacted the
                                                provides that a non-Federal requirement                 HMR are performed may be subject to applicable         HMTA ‘‘without substantive change,’’ at 49 U.S.C.
                                                concerning any of the following subjects                laws and regulations of state and local governments    Chapter 51. Public Law 103–272, 108 Stat. 745 (July
                                                is preempted—unless authorized by                       and Indian tribes.’’                                   5, 1994).)



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                                                                              Federal Register / Vol. 82, No. 14 / Tuesday, January 24, 2017 / Notices                                            8259

                                                for the District of Columbia or in the                  DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY                             and subject to public disclosure. Do not
                                                Court of Appeals for the United States                                                                         include any information in your
                                                for the circuit in which the petitioner                 Office of the Comptroller of the                       comment or supporting materials that
                                                resides or has its principal place of                   Currency                                               you consider confidential or
                                                business, within 60 days after the                                                                             inappropriate for public disclosure.
                                                determination becomes final. 49 U.S.C.                  Agency Information Collection
                                                                                                                                                                 Additionally, please send a copy of
                                                5127(a).                                                Activities: Information Collection
                                                                                                                                                               your comments by mail to: OCC Desk
                                                                                                        Renewal; Submission for OMB Review;
                                                   Preemption determinations do not                                                                            Officer, 1557–0313, U.S. Office of
                                                                                                        Appraisals for Higher-Priced Mortgage
                                                address issues of preemption arising                                                                           Management and Budget, 725 17th
                                                                                                        Loans
                                                under the Commerce Clause, the Fifth                                                                           Street NW., #10235, Washington, DC
                                                Amendment or other provisions of the                    AGENCY: Office of the Comptroller of the               20503 or by email to: oira submission@
                                                Constitution, or statutes other than the                Currency (OCC), Treasury.                              omb.eop.gov.
                                                Federal hazardous material                              ACTION: Notice and request for comment.                FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
                                                transportation law unless it is necessary                                                                      Shaquita Merritt, OCC Clearance
                                                to do so in order to determine whether                  SUMMARY:    The OCC, as part of its
                                                                                                        continuing effort to reduce paperwork                  Officer, (202) 649–5490 or, for persons
                                                a requirement is authorized by another                                                                         who are deaf or hard of hearing, TTY,
                                                Federal law, or whether a fee is ‘‘fair’’               and respondent burden, invites the
                                                                                                        general public and other Federal                       (202) 649–5597, Legislative and
                                                within the meaning of 49 U.S.C.                                                                                Regulatory Activities Division, Office of
                                                5125(f)(1). A State, local or Indian tribe              agencies to take this opportunity to
                                                                                                        comment on a continuing information                    the Comptroller of the Currency, 400 7th
                                                requirement is not authorized by                                                                               Street SW., Suite 3E–218, Mail Stop
                                                another Federal law merely because it is                collection as required by the Paperwork
                                                                                                        Reduction Act of 1995 (PRA).                           9W–11, Washington, DC 20219.
                                                not preempted by another Federal
                                                statute. Colorado Pub. Util. Comm’n v.                     In accordance with the requirements                 SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:      Under the
                                                Harmon, above, 951 F.2d at 1581 n.10.                   of the PRA, the OCC may not conduct                    PRA (44 U.S.C. 3501–3520), Federal
                                                                                                        or sponsor, and the respondent is not                  agencies must obtain approval from the
                                                   In making preemption determinations
                                                                                                        required to respond to, an information                 OMB for each collection of information
                                                under 49 U.S.C. 5125(d), PHMSA is
                                                                                                        collection unless it displays a currently              that they conduct or sponsor.
                                                guided by the principles and policies set
                                                                                                        valid Office of Management and Budget                  ‘‘Collection of information’’ is defined
                                                forth in Executive Order No. 13132,
                                                                                                        (OMB) control number.                                  in 44 U.S.C. 3502(3) and 5 CFR
                                                entitled ‘‘Federalism’’ (64 FR 43255
                                                                                                           The OCC is soliciting comment                       1320.3(c) to include agency requests or
                                                (Aug. 10, 1999)), and the President’s
                                                                                                        concerning the renewal of its                          requirements that members of the public
                                                May 20, 2009 memorandum on
                                                                                                        information collection titled                          submit reports, keep records, or provide
                                                ‘‘Preemption’’ (74 FR 24693 (May 22,
                                                                                                        ‘‘Appraisals for Higher-Priced Mortgage                information to a third party. The OCC
                                                2009)). Section 4(a) of that Executive
                                                                                                        Loans.’’ The OCC also is giving notice                 requests that OMB extend its approval
                                                Order authorizes preemption of State
                                                                                                        that it has sent the collection to OMB for             of the following collection:
                                                laws only when a statute contains an
                                                                                                        review.                                                   Title: Appraisals for Higher-Priced
                                                express preemption provision, there is
                                                other clear evidence Congress intended                  DATES: Comments must be submitted on                   Mortgage Loans.
                                                to preempt State law, or the exercise of                or before February 23, 2017.                              OMB Control No.: 1557–0313.
                                                State authority directly conflicts with                 ADDRESSES: Because paper mail in the
                                                                                                                                                                  Type of Review: Regular.
                                                the exercise of Federal authority. The                  Washington, DC area and at the OCC is
                                                                                                        subject to delay, commenters are                          Frequency of Response: On occasion.
                                                President’s May 20, 2009 memorandum
                                                sets forth the policy ‘‘that preemption of              encouraged to submit comments by                          Affected Public: Businesses or other
                                                State law by executive departments and                  email, if possible. Comments may be                    for-profit.
                                                agencies should be undertaken only                      sent to: Legislative and Regulatory                       Estimated Number of Respondents:
                                                with full consideration of the legitimate               Activities Division, Office of the                     1,399.
                                                prerogatives of the States and with a                   Comptroller of the Currency, Attention:                   Estimated Total Annual Burden:
                                                sufficient legal basis for preemption.’’                1557–0313, 400 7th Street SW., Suite                   19,946 hours.
                                                Section 5125 contains express                           3E–218, Mail Stop 9W–11, Washington,
                                                                                                                                                                  Description:
                                                preemption provisions, which PHMSA                      DC 20219. In addition, comments may
                                                                                                        be sent by fax to (571) 465–4326 or by                    This information collection relates to
                                                has implemented through its
                                                                                                        electronic mail to prainfo@occ.treas.gov.              section 1471 of the Dodd-Frank Act,
                                                regulations.
                                                                                                        You may personally inspect and                         which added a new section 129H to the
                                                IV. Public Comments                                     photocopy comments at the OCC, 400                     Truth in Lending Act (TILA)
                                                                                                        7th Street SW., Washington, DC 20219.                  establishing special appraisal
                                                  All comments should be directed to                                                                           requirements for ‘‘higher-risk
                                                whether 49 U.S.C. 5125 preempts a                       For security reasons, the OCC requires
                                                                                                        that visitors make an appointment to                   mortgages.’’ For certain mortgages with
                                                hazardous waste regulation of the State                                                                        an annual percentage rate that exceeds
                                                of Oregon that imposes a strict liability               inspect comments. You may do so by
                                                                                                        calling (202) 649–6700 or, for persons                 the average prime offer rate by a
                                                standard on transporters. Comments                                                                             specified percentage, creditors must
                                                should specifically address the                         who are deaf or hard of hearing, TTY,
                                                                                                        (202) 649–5597. Upon arrival, visitors                 obtain an appraisal or appraisals
                                                preemption criteria discussed in Part II                                                                       meeting certain specified standards,
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                                                above.                                                  will be required to present valid
                                                                                                        government-issued photo identification                 provide applicants with a notification
                                                  Issued in Washington, DC, on January 10,              and submit to security screening in                    regarding the use of the appraisals, and
                                                2017.                                                                                                          give applicants a copy of the written
                                                                                                        order to inspect and photocopy
                                                Vasiliki Tsaganos,                                      comments.                                              appraisals used. The statute permits the
                                                Acting Chief Counsel.                                      All comments received, including                    OCC to issue a rule to include
                                                [FR Doc. 2017–00788 Filed 1–23–17; 8:45 am]             attachments and other supporting                       exemptions from these requirements.
                                                BILLING CODE 4910–60–P                                  materials, are part of the public record               The OCC implemented these


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Document Created: 2018-02-01 15:12:11
Document Modified: 2018-02-01 15:12:11
CategoryRegulatory Information
CollectionFederal Register
sudoc ClassAE 2.7:
GS 4.107:
AE 2.106:
PublisherOffice of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Administration
SectionNotices
ActionPublic Notice and Invitation to comment.
DatesComments received on or before March 10, 2017 and rebuttal comments received on or before April 24, 2017 will be considered before an administrative determination is issued by PHMSA's Chief Counsel. Rebuttal comments may discuss only those issues raised by comments received during the initial comment period and may not discuss new issues.
ContactVincent Lopez, Office of Chief Counsel (PHC-10), Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE., Washington, DC 20590; telephone No. 202-366-4400; facsimile No. 202-366-7041.
FR Citation82 FR 8257 

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