83 FR 13104 - Regulation D: Reserve Requirements of Depository Institutions

FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM

Federal Register Volume 83, Issue 59 (March 27, 2018)

The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (``Board'') is amending Regulation D (Reserve Requirements of Depository Institutions) to revise the rate of interest paid on balances maintained to satisfy reserve balance requirements (``IORR'') and the rate of interest paid on excess balances (``IOER'') maintained at Federal Reserve Banks by or on behalf of eligible institutions. The final amendments specify that IORR is 1.75 percent and IOER is 1.75 percent, a 0.25 percentage point increase from their prior levels. The amendments are intended to enhance the role of such rates of interest in moving the Federal funds rate into the target range established by the Federal Open Market Committee (``FOMC'' or ``Committee'').

[Federal Register Volume 83, Number 59 (Tuesday, March 27, 2018)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 13104-13105]
From the Federal Register Online  [www.thefederalregister.org]
[FR Doc No: 2018-06124]


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FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM

12 CFR Part 204

[Docket No. R-1602]
RIN 7100 AF 01


Regulation D: Reserve Requirements of Depository Institutions

AGENCY: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

ACTION: Final rule.

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SUMMARY: The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System 
(``Board'') is amending Regulation D (Reserve Requirements of 
Depository Institutions) to revise the rate of interest paid on 
balances maintained to satisfy reserve balance requirements (``IORR'') 
and the rate of interest paid on excess balances (``IOER'') maintained 
at Federal Reserve Banks by or on behalf of eligible institutions. The 
final amendments specify that IORR is 1.75 percent and IOER is 1.75 
percent, a 0.25 percentage point increase from their prior levels. The 
amendments are intended to enhance the role of such rates of interest 
in moving the Federal funds rate into the target range established by 
the Federal Open Market Committee (``FOMC'' or ``Committee'').

DATES: The amendments to part 204 (Regulation D) are effective March 
27, 2018. The IORR and IOER rate changes are applicable on March 22, 
2018.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Sophia Allison, Special Counsel (202-
452-3565), or Clinton Chen, Senior Attorney (202-452-3952), Legal 
Division, or Kristen Payne, Financial Analyst (202-452-2872), or 
Heather Wiggins, Section Chief (202-452-3674), Division of Monetary 
Affairs; for users of Telecommunications Device for the Deaf (TDD) 
only, contact 202-263-4869; Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve 
System, 20th and C Streets NW, Washington, DC 20551.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

I. Statutory and Regulatory Background

    For monetary policy purposes, section 19 of the Federal Reserve Act 
(``the Act'') imposes reserve requirements on certain types of deposits 
and other liabilities of depository institutions.\1\ Regulation D, 
which implements section 19 of the Act, requires that a depository 
institution meet reserve requirements by holding cash in its vault, or 
if vault cash is insufficient, by maintaining a balance in an account 
at a Federal Reserve Bank (``Reserve Bank'').\2\ Section 19 also 
provides that balances maintained by or on behalf of certain 
institutions in an account at a Reserve Bank may receive earnings to be 
paid by the Reserve Bank at least once each quarter, at a rate or rates 
not to exceed the general level of short-term interest rates.\3\ 
Institutions that are eligible to receive earnings on their balances 
held at Reserve Banks (``eligible institutions'') include depository 
institutions and certain other institutions.\4\ Section 19 also 
provides that the Board may prescribe regulations concerning the 
payment of earnings on balances at a Reserve Bank.\5\ Prior to these 
amendments, Regulation D specified a rate of 1.50 percent for both IORR 
and IOER.\6\
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    \1\ 12 U.S.C. 461(b).
    \2\ 12 CFR 204.5(a)(1).
    \3\ 12 U.S.C. 461(b)(1)(A) and (b)(12)(A).
    \4\ See 12 U.S.C. 461(b)(1)(A) and (b)(12)(C); see also 12 CFR 
204.2(y).
    \5\ See 12 U.S.C. 461(b)(12)(B).
    \6\ See 12 CFR 204.10(b)(5).
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II. Amendments to IORR and IOER

    The Board is amending Sec.  204.10(b)(5) of Regulation D to specify 
that IORR is 1.75 percent and IOER is 1.75 percent. This 0.25 
percentage point increase in the IORR and IOER was associated with an 
increase in the target range for the federal funds rate, from a target 
range of 1\1/4\ to 1\1/2\ percent to a target range of 1\1/2\ to 1\3/4\ 
percent, announced by the FOMC on March 21, 2018, with an effective 
date of March 22, 2018. The FOMC's press release on the same day as the 
announcement noted that:
    Information received since the Federal Open Market Committee met in 
January indicates that the labor market has continued to strengthen and 
that economic activity has been rising at a moderate rate. Job gains 
have been strong in recent months, and the unemployment rate has stayed 
low. Recent data suggest that growth rates of household spending and 
business fixed investment have moderated from their strong fourth-
quarter readings. On a 12-month basis, both overall inflation and 
inflation for items other than food and energy have continued to run 
below 2 percent. Market-based measures of inflation compensation have 
increased in recent months but remain low; survey-based measures of 
longer-term inflation expectations are little changed, on balance.
    Consistent with its statutory mandate, the Committee seeks to 
foster maximum employment and price stability. The economic outlook has 
strengthened in recent months. The Committee expects that, with further 
gradual adjustments in the stance of monetary policy, economic activity 
will expand at a moderate pace in the medium term and labor market

[[Page 13105]]

conditions will remain strong. Inflation on a 12-month basis is 
expected to move up in coming months and to stabilize around the 
Committee's 2 percent objective over the medium term. Near-term risks 
to the economic outlook appear roughly balanced, but the Committee is 
monitoring inflation developments closely.
    In view of realized and expected labor market conditions and 
inflation, the Committee decided to raise the target range for the 
federal funds rate to 1\1/2\ to 1\3/4\ percent. The stance of monetary 
policy remains accommodative, thereby supporting strong labor market 
conditions and a sustained return to 2 percent inflation. A Federal 
Reserve Implementation note released simultaneously with the 
announcement stated that:

    The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System voted 
unanimously to raise the interest rate paid on required and excess 
reserve balances to 1.75 percent, effective March 22, 2018.

    As a result, the Board is amending Sec.  204.10(b)(5) of Regulation 
D to change IORR to 1.75 percent and IOER to 1.75 percent.

III. Administrative Procedure Act

    In general, the Administrative Procedure Act (``APA'') \7\ imposes 
three principal requirements when an agency promulgates legislative 
rules (rules made pursuant to congressionally delegated authority): (1) 
Publication with adequate notice of a proposed rule; (2) followed by a 
meaningful opportunity for the public to comment on the rule's content; 
and (3) publication of the final rule not less than 30 days before its 
effective date. The APA provides that notice and comment procedures do 
not apply if the agency for good cause finds them to be ``unnecessary, 
impracticable, or contrary to the public interest.'' \8\ Section 553(d) 
of the APA also provides that publication at least 30 days prior to a 
rule's effective date is not required for (1) a substantive rule which 
grants or recognizes an exemption or relieves a restriction; (2) 
interpretive rules and statements of policy; or (3) a rule for which 
the agency finds of good cause for shortened notice and publishes its 
reasoning with the rule.\9\
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    \7\ 5 U.S.C. 551 et seq.
    \8\ 5 U.S.C. 553(b)(3)(A).
    \9\ 5 U.S.C. 553(d).
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    The Board has determined that good cause exists for finding that 
the notice, public comment, and delayed effective date provisions of 
the APA are unnecessary, impracticable, or contrary to the public 
interest with respect to these final amendments to Regulation D. The 
rate increases for IORR and IOER that are reflected in the final 
amendments to Regulation D were made with a view towards accommodating 
commerce and business and with regard to their bearing upon the general 
credit situation of the country. Notice and public comment would 
prevent the Board's action from being effective as promptly as 
necessary in the public interest, and would not otherwise serve any 
useful purpose. Notice, public comment, and a delayed effective date 
would create uncertainty about the finality and effectiveness of the 
Board's action and undermine the effectiveness of that action. 
Accordingly, the Board has determined that good cause exists to 
dispense with the notice, public comment, and delayed effective date 
procedures of the APA with respect to these final amendments to 
Regulation D.

IV. Regulatory Flexibility Analysis

    The Regulatory Flexibility Act (``RFA'') does not apply to a 
rulemaking where a general notice of proposed rulemaking is not 
required.\10\ As noted previously, the Board has determined that it is 
unnecessary and contrary to the public interest to publish a general 
notice of proposed rulemaking for this final rule. Accordingly, the 
RFA's requirements relating to an initial and final regulatory 
flexibility analysis do not apply.
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    \10\ 5 U.S.C. 603 and 604.
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V. Paperwork Reduction Act

    In accordance with the Paperwork Reduction Act (``PRA'') of 
1995,\11\ the Board reviewed the final rule under the authority 
delegated to the Board by the Office of Management and Budget. The 
final rule contains no requirements subject to the PRA.
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    \11\ 44 U.S.C. 3506; see 5 CFR part 1320, appendix A.1.
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List of Subjects in 12 CFR Part 204

    Banks, Banking, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.

    For the reasons set forth in the preamble, the Board amends 12 CFR 
part 204 as follows:

PART 204--RESERVE REQUIREMENTS OF DEPOSITORY INSTITUTIONS 
(REGULATION D)

0
1. The authority citation for part 204 continues to read as follows:

    Authority:  12 U.S.C. 248(a), 248(c), 461, 601, 611, and 3105.

0
2. Section 204.10 is amended by revising paragraph (b)(5) to read as 
follows:


Sec.  204.10   Payment of interest on balances.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (5) The rates for IORR and IOER are:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                             Rate (%)
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IORR....................................................            1.75
IOER....................................................            1.75
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* * * * *


    By order of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve 
System, March 22, 2018.
Ann E. Misback,
Secretary of the Board.
[FR Doc. 2018-06124 Filed 3-26-18; 8:45 am]
 BILLING CODE 6210-01-P