83_FR_17563 83 FR 17486 - Schedules of Controlled Substances: Placement of Butyryl Fentanyl and U-47700 Into Schedule I

83 FR 17486 - Schedules of Controlled Substances: Placement of Butyryl Fentanyl and U-47700 Into Schedule I

DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE
Drug Enforcement Administration

Federal Register Volume 83, Issue 77 (April 20, 2018)

Page Range17486-17488
FR Document2018-08280

With the issuance of this final order, the Administrator of the Drug Enforcement Administration maintains the placement of the substances butyryl fentanyl (N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N- phenylbutanamide) and U-47700 (3,4-dichloro-N-[2- (dimethylamino)cyclohexyl]-N-methylbenzamide), including their isomers, esters, ethers, salts, and salts of isomers, esters and ethers, in schedule I of the Controlled Substances Act. This scheduling action discharges the United States obligations under the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs (1961). This action continues to impose the regulatory controls and administrative, civil, and criminal sanctions applicable to schedule I controlled substances on persons who handle (manufacture, distribute, import, export, engage in research or conduct instructional activities with, or possess), or propose to handle, butyryl fentanyl and U-47700.

Federal Register, Volume 83 Issue 77 (Friday, April 20, 2018)
[Federal Register Volume 83, Number 77 (Friday, April 20, 2018)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 17486-17488]
From the Federal Register Online  [www.thefederalregister.org]
[FR Doc No: 2018-08280]


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DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE

Drug Enforcement Administration

21 CFR Part 1308

[Docket No. DEA-478]


Schedules of Controlled Substances: Placement of Butyryl Fentanyl 
and U-47700 Into Schedule I

AGENCY: Drug Enforcement Administration, Department of Justice.

ACTION: Final order.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

SUMMARY: With the issuance of this final order, the Administrator of 
the Drug Enforcement Administration maintains the placement of the 
substances butyryl fentanyl (N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N-
phenylbutanamide) and U-47700 (3,4-dichloro-N-[2-
(dimethylamino)cyclohexyl]-N-methylbenzamide), including their isomers, 
esters, ethers, salts, and salts of isomers, esters and ethers, in 
schedule I of the Controlled Substances Act. This scheduling action 
discharges the United States obligations under the Single Convention on 
Narcotic Drugs (1961). This action continues to impose the regulatory 
controls and administrative, civil, and criminal sanctions applicable 
to schedule I controlled substances on persons who handle (manufacture, 
distribute, import, export, engage in research or conduct instructional 
activities with, or possess), or propose to handle, butyryl fentanyl 
and U-47700.

DATES: Effective April 20, 2018.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Michael J. Lewis, Diversion Control 
Division, Drug Enforcement Administration; Mailing Address: 8701 
Morrissette Drive, Springfield, Virginia 22152; Telephone: (202) 598-
6812.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

Legal Authority

    Section 201(d)(1) of the Controlled Substances Act (CSA) (21 U.S.C. 
811(d)(1)) states that, if control of a substance is required ``by 
United States obligations under international treaties, conventions, or 
protocols in effect on October 27, 1970, the Attorney General shall 
issue an order controlling such drug under the schedule he deems most 
appropriate to carry out such obligations, without regard to the 
findings required by section 201 (a) (21 U.S.C. 811 (a) or section 
202(b) (21 U.S.C. 812(b)) of the Act and without regard to the 
procedures prescribed by section 201 (a) and (b) (21 U.S.C. 811(a) and 
(b).'' If a substance is added to one of the schedules of the Single 
Convention on Narcotic Drugs (1961), then, in accordance with article 
3, paragraph 7 of the Convention, as a signatory Member State, the 
United States is obligated to control the substance under its national 
drug control legislation, the CSA. The Attorney General has delegated 
scheduling authority under 21 U.S.C. 811 to the Administrator of the 
Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) (Administrator). 28 CFR 0.100.

Background

    On April 21, 2017, the Secretary-General of the United Nations 
advised the Secretary of State of the United States, that during the 
60th session of the Commission on Narcotic Drugs, butyryl fentanyl and 
U-47700 were added to schedule I of the Single Convention on Narcotic 
Drugs, 1961. This letter was prompted by a decision at the 60th session 
of the Commission on Narcotic Drugs in March 2017 to schedule butyryl 
fentanyl and U-47700 under schedule I of the Single Convention on 
Narcotic Drugs. As a signatory Member State to the Single Convention on 
Narcotic Drugs, the United States is obligated to control butyryl 
fentanyl and U-47700 under its national drug control legislation, the 
CSA, in the schedule deemed most appropriate to carry out its 
international obligations. 21 U.S.C. 811(d)(1).

Butyryl Fentanyl and U-47700

    On May 12, 2016, and November 14, 2016, butyryl fentanyl and U-
47700, respectively, were temporarily placed in schedule I of the CSA 
by the Administrator in order to avoid an imminent hazard to the public 
safety ((81 FR 29492-butyryl fentanyl) and (81 FR 79389-U-47700)). 
Butyryl fentanyl and U-47700 share a pharmacological profile similar to 
fentanyl, morphine, and other synthetic opioids. Law enforcement and 
public health reports demonstrate the illicit use and distribution of 
these substances, which are available on the internet. Both butyryl 
fentanyl and U-47700 are abused for their opioid-like effects. Evidence 
suggests the pattern of abuse of butyryl fentanyl and U-47700 parallels 
that of heroin and prescription opioid analgesics. Because both butyryl 
fentanyl and U-47700 can be obtained through illicit sources, 
information on their purity and potency is often unknown, thus posing 
significant adverse health risks to the users.
    Similar to morphine and fentanyl, both butyryl fentanyl and U-47700 
act as [micro]-opioid receptor agonists. Data obtained from preclinical 
studies (in vitro and in vivo) demonstrate that

[[Page 17487]]

butyryl fentanyl and U-47700 produce pharmacological effects similar to 
fentanyl and morphine. Specifically, in a drug discrimination study in 
animals, a behavioral test used to determine subjective effect and 
pharmacological similarity between a test substance and a known drug of 
abuse, butyryl fentanyl substituted fully for morphine. Further, data 
obtained from a drug dependency study showed that butyryl fentanyl 
completely suppressed signs of withdrawal in morphine-dependent 
monkeys. Data obtained from in vivo (in animal) studies demonstrated 
that U-47700, similar to fentanyl and morphine, produced analgesic 
effect and functioned as a [mu] opioid receptor agonist. Specifically, 
analgesic activity of U-47700 was attenuated by naltrexone, an opioid 
receptor antagonist.
    Since 2014, butyryl fentanyl has been associated with numerous 
incidences of adverse health effects in humans. The DEA is aware of at 
least 40 confirmed fatalities associated with the misuse and/or abuse 
of butyryl fentanyl in the United States. Similarly, U-47700 has been 
associated with numerous cases of overdoses and overdose deaths.
    The DEA is not aware of any claims or any medical or scientific 
literature suggesting that butyryl fentanyl and U-47700 have a 
currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States. In 
addition, HHS advised the DEA, by letters dated January 13, 2016, and 
April 28, 2016, that there were no investigational new drug 
applications or approved new drug applications for butyryl fentanyl and 
U-47700.
    By letters dated December 8, 2016, and March 1, 2017, the DEA 
requested that HHS conduct a scientific and medical evaluation of and a 
scheduling recommendation for butyryl fentanyl and U-47700, 
respectively. The DEA is not required under 21 U.S.C. 811(d)(1) to make 
any findings required by 21 U.S.C. 811(a) or 812(b), and is not 
required to follow the procedures prescribed by 21 U.S.C. 811(a) and 
(b). By letter dated November 1, 2017, the Acting Administrator advised 
HHS that the DEA no longer requires scientific and medical evaluations 
and scheduling recommendations for butyryl fentanyl and U-47700. 
Therefore, consistent with the framework of 21 U.S.C. 811(d), the DEA 
concludes that butyryl fentanyl and U-47700 have no currently accepted 
medical use in treatment in the United States and are most 
appropriately placed (as they have been since May 2016 and November 
2016, respectively) in schedule I of the CSA. Further, while the DEA 
temporarily scheduled these substances under 21 CFR 1308.11(h), a 
subsection reserved for the temporary listing of substances subject to 
emergency scheduling, this order moves both substances to 21 CFR 
1308.11(b). As explained above, since control is required under the 
Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs (1961), the DEA will not be 
initiating regular rulemaking proceedings to schedule these substances 
pursuant to 21 U.S.C. 811(a).

Conclusion

    In order to meet the United States' obligations under the Single 
Convention on Narcotic Drugs (1961), and because butyryl fentanyl and 
U-47700 have no currently accepted medical use in treatment in the 
United States, the Administrator has determined that these substances 
should remain in schedule I of the CSA.

Requirements for Handling

    Butyryl fentanyl and U-47700 have been controlled as schedule I 
controlled substances since May 12, 2016, and November 14, 2016, 
respectively. With publication of this final order, butyryl fentanyl 
and U-47700 remain subject to the CSA's schedule I regulatory controls 
and administrative, civil, and criminal sanctions applicable to the 
manufacture, distribution, importation, exportation, engagement in 
research, and conduct of instructional activities with, and possession 
of schedule I controlled substances including the following:
    1. Registration. Any person who handles (manufactures, distributes, 
imports, exports, engages in research or conducts instructional 
activities with, or possesses), or who desires to handle, butyryl 
fentanyl and U-47700 must be registered with the DEA to conduct such 
activities pursuant to 21 U.S.C. 822, 823, 957, and 958 and in 
accordance with 21 CFR parts 1301 and 1312.
    2. Disposal of stocks. Butyryl fentanyl and U-47700 must be 
disposed of in accordance with 21 CFR part 1317, in addition to all 
other applicable federal, state, local, and tribal laws.
    3. Security. Butyryl fentanyl and U-47700 are subject to schedule I 
security requirements and must be handled and stored pursuant to 21 
U.S.C. 821, 823, 871(b), and in accordance with 21 CFR 1301.71-1301.93.
    4. Labeling and packaging. All labels, labeling, and packaging for 
commercial containers of butyryl fentanyl and U-47700 must be in 
compliance with 21 U.S.C. 825, 958(e), and be in accordance with 21 CFR 
part 1302.
    5. Quota. A quota assigned pursuant to 21 U.S.C. 826 and in 
accordance with 21 CFR part 1303 is required in order to manufacture 
butyryl fentanyl and U-47700.
    6. Inventory. Every DEA registrant who possesses any quantity of 
butyryl fentanyl and U-47700 were required to keep an inventory of all 
stocks of these substances on hand as of May 12, 2016, and November 14, 
2016, respectively, pursuant to 21 U.S.C. 827 and 958, and in 
accordance with 21 CFR 1304.03, 1304.04, and 1304.11.
    7. Records and Reports. Every DEA registrant must maintain records 
and submit reports with respect to butyryl fentanyl and U-47700 
pursuant to 21 U.S.C. 827 and 958, and in accordance with 21 CFR parts 
1304 and 1312.
    8. Order Forms. All DEA registrants who distribute butyryl fentanyl 
and U-47700 must comply with order form requirements pursuant to 21 
U.S.C. 828 and in accordance with 21 CFR part 1305.
    9. Importation and Exportation. All importation and exportation of 
butyryl fentanyl and U-47700 must be in compliance with 21 U.S.C. 952, 
953, 957, 958, and in accordance with 21 CFR part 1312.
    10. Liability. Any activity involving butyryl fentanyl and U-47700 
not authorized by, or in violation of, the CSA, is unlawful, and may 
subject the person to administrative, civil, and/or criminal sanctions.

Regulatory Analyses

Executive Order 12866

    This action is not a significant regulatory action as defined by 
Executive Order 12866 (Regulatory Planning and Review), section 3(f), 
and, accordingly, this action has not been reviewed by the Office of 
Management and Budget (OMB).

Executive Order 13132

    This action does not have federalism implications warranting the 
application of Executive Order 13132. This action does not have 
substantial direct effects on the States, on the relationship between 
the national government and the States, or on the distribution of power 
and responsibilities among the various levels of government.

Executive Order 13175

    This action does not have tribal implications warranting the 
application of Executive Order 13175. The action does not have 
substantial direct effects on one or more Indian tribes, on the 
relationship between the Federal government and Indian tribes, or on 
the distribution of power and responsibilities between the Federal 
government and Indian tribes.

[[Page 17488]]

Administrative Procedure Act

    The CSA provides for an expedited scheduling action where control 
is required by the United States obligations under international 
treaties, conventions, or protocols. 21 U.S.C. 811(d)(1). If control is 
required pursuant to such international treaty, convention, or 
protocol, the Attorney General must issue an order controlling such 
drug under the schedule he deems most appropriate to carry out such 
obligations, without regard to the findings or procedures otherwise 
required for scheduling actions. Id.
    To the extent that 21 U.S.C. 811(d)(1) directs that if control is 
required by the United States obligations under international treaties, 
conventions, or protocols in effect on October 27, 1970, scheduling 
actions shall be issued by order (as compared to scheduling pursuant to 
21 U.S.C. 811(a) by rule), the DEA believes that the notice and comment 
requirements of section 553 of the Administrative Procedure Act (APA), 
5 U.S.C. 553, do not apply to this scheduling action. In the 
alternative, even if this action does constitute ``rule making'' under 
5 U.S.C. 551(5), this action is exempt from the notice and comment 
requirements of 5 U.S.C. 553 pursuant to 21 U.S.C. 553(a)(1) as an 
action involving a foreign affairs function of the United States given 
that this action is being done in accordance with 21 U.S.C. 811(d)(1)'s 
requirement that the United States comply with its obligations under 
the specified international agreements.

Regulatory Flexibility Act

    The Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA) (5 U.S.C. 601-612) applies to 
rules that are subject to notice and comment under section 553(b) of 
the APA or any other law. As explained above, the CSA exempts this 
final order from notice and comment. Consequently, the RFA does not 
apply to this action.

Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995

    This action does not impose a new collection of information 
requirement under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995. 44 U.S.C. 3501-
3521. An agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not 
required to respond to, a collection of information unless it displays 
a currently valid OMB control number.

Congressional Review Act

    This action is not a major rule as defined by section 804 of the 
Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act of 1996 
(Congressional Review Act (CRA)). This order will not result in: ``an 
annual effect on the economy of $100,000,000 or more; a major increase 
in costs or prices for consumers, individual industries, Federal, 
State, or local government agencies, or geographic regions; or 
significant adverse effects on competition, employment, investment, 
productivity, innovation, or on the ability of United States-based 
enterprises to compete with foreign-based enterprises in domestic and 
export markets.'' However, pursuant to the CRA, the DEA has submitted a 
copy of this final order to both Houses of Congress and to the 
Comptroller General.

List of Subjects in 21 CFR Part 1308

    Administrative practice and procedure, Drug traffic control, 
Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.

    For the reasons set out above, the DEA amends 21 CFR part 1308 as 
follows:

PART 1308--SCHEDULES OF CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES

0
1. The authority citation for part 1308 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 21 U.S.C. 811, 812, 871(b), 956(b), unless otherwise 
noted.

0
2. In Sec.  1308.11:
0
a. Redesignate paragraphs (b)(18) through (58) as (b)(19) through (59) 
and add a new paragraph (b)(18);
0
b. Add paragraph (b)(60); and
0
c. Remove and reserve paragraphs (h)(2) and (4).
    The additions read as follows:


Sec.  1308.11  Schedule I.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *

------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(18) Butyryl fentanyl (N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N-             9822
 phenylbutyramide)......................................
------------------------------------------------------------------------

* * * * *

------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(60) U-47700 (3,4-Dichloro-N-[2-                                    9547
 (dimethylamino)cyclohexyl]-N-methylbenzamide)..........
------------------------------------------------------------------------

* * * * *

    Dated: April 11, 2018.
Robert W. Patterson,
Acting Administrator.
[FR Doc. 2018-08280 Filed 4-19-18; 8:45 am]
 BILLING CODE 4410-09-P



                                              17486                      Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 77 / Friday, April 20, 2018 / Rules and Regulations

                                                 AIRAC date              State                  City                                  Airport                  FDC No.      FDC date                 Subject

                                              24–May–18 .......          WI      Clintonville .....................       Clintonville Muni ............          8/3775        3/22/18   Takeoff Minimums and Obstacle
                                                                                                                                                                                            DP, Amdt 2.
                                              24–May–18 .......          PA      Philadelphia ...................         Philadelphia Intl .............         8/4432        3/22/18   RNAV (GPS) RWY 27L, Amdt
                                                                                                                                                                                            3A.
                                              24–May–18        .......   IN      Griffith ............................    Griffith-Merrillville ...........       8/4530        3/22/18   RNAV (GPS) RWY 8, Orig.
                                              24–May–18        .......   IN      Griffith ............................    Griffith-Merrillville ...........       8/4532        3/22/18   VOR RWY 8, Amdt 8A.
                                              24–May–18        .......   IN      Griffith ............................    Griffith-Merrillville ...........       8/4534        3/22/18   RNAV (GPS) RWY 26, Orig.
                                              24–May–18        .......   RI      Newport .........................        Newport State ................          8/4781        3/29/18   VOR/DME RWY 16, Amdt 1B.
                                              24–May–18        .......   RI      Newport .........................        Newport State ................          8/4782        3/29/18   RNAV (GPS) RWY 16, Orig-B.
                                              24–May–18        .......   IA      Denison .........................        Denison Muni ................           8/4938        3/29/18   RNAV (GPS) RWY 12, Amdt 1.
                                              24–May–18        .......   KS      Concordia ......................         Blosser Muni ..................         8/6132        3/29/18   Takeoff Minimums and Obstacle
                                                                                                                                                                                            DP, Amdt 1.
                                              24–May–18        .......   ID      Salmon ..........................        Lemhi County ................           8/6800        3/29/18   RNAV (GPS)-D, Amdt 2.
                                              24–May–18        .......   MI      Sturgis ...........................      Kirsch Muni ....................        8/6813        3/29/18   NDB RWY 18, Amdt 5D.
                                              24–May–18        .......   NJ      Teterboro .......................        Teterboro .......................       8/8120        3/22/18   RNAV (GPS) Y RWY 19, Orig.
                                              24–May–18        .......   CT      Windsor Locks ...............            Bradley Intl ....................       8/8445        3/23/18   Takeoff Minimums and Obstacle
                                                                                                                                                                                            DP, Amdt 3.
                                              24–May–18 .......          TN      Memphis ........................         Memphis Intl ..................         8/9753        3/29/18   RNAV (GPS) Z RWY 18R, Amdt
                                                                                                                                                                                            2E.



                                              [FR Doc. 2018–08138 Filed 4–19–18; 8:45 am]                        Division, Drug Enforcement                                 This letter was prompted by a decision
                                              BILLING CODE 4910–13–P                                             Administration; Mailing Address: 8701                      at the 60th session of the Commission
                                                                                                                 Morrissette Drive, Springfield, Virginia                   on Narcotic Drugs in March 2017 to
                                                                                                                 22152; Telephone: (202) 598–6812.                          schedule butyryl fentanyl and U–47700
                                              DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE                                              SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:                                 under schedule I of the Single
                                                                                                                                                                            Convention on Narcotic Drugs. As a
                                              Drug Enforcement Administration                                    Legal Authority                                            signatory Member State to the Single
                                                                                                                    Section 201(d)(1) of the Controlled                     Convention on Narcotic Drugs, the
                                              21 CFR Part 1308                                                   Substances Act (CSA) (21 U.S.C.                            United States is obligated to control
                                              [Docket No. DEA–478]                                               811(d)(1)) states that, if control of a                    butyryl fentanyl and U–47700 under its
                                                                                                                 substance is required ‘‘by United States                   national drug control legislation, the
                                              Schedules of Controlled Substances:                                obligations under international treaties,                  CSA, in the schedule deemed most
                                              Placement of Butyryl Fentanyl and                                  conventions, or protocols in effect on                     appropriate to carry out its international
                                              U–47700 Into Schedule I                                            October 27, 1970, the Attorney General                     obligations. 21 U.S.C. 811(d)(1).
                                                                                                                 shall issue an order controlling such
                                              AGENCY:  Drug Enforcement                                                                                                     Butyryl Fentanyl and U–47700
                                                                                                                 drug under the schedule he deems most
                                              Administration, Department of Justice.                             appropriate to carry out such                                 On May 12, 2016, and November 14,
                                              ACTION: Final order.                                               obligations, without regard to the                         2016, butyryl fentanyl and U–47700,
                                                                                                                 findings required by section 201 (a) (21                   respectively, were temporarily placed in
                                              SUMMARY:   With the issuance of this final
                                                                                                                 U.S.C. 811 (a) or section 202(b) (21                       schedule I of the CSA by the
                                              order, the Administrator of the Drug
                                                                                                                 U.S.C. 812(b)) of the Act and without                      Administrator in order to avoid an
                                              Enforcement Administration maintains
                                                                                                                 regard to the procedures prescribed by                     imminent hazard to the public safety
                                              the placement of the substances butyryl
                                                                                                                 section 201 (a) and (b) (21 U.S.C. 811(a)                  ((81 FR 29492-butyryl fentanyl) and (81
                                              fentanyl (N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)-
                                                                                                                 and (b).’’ If a substance is added to one                  FR 79389–U–47700)). Butyryl fentanyl
                                              N-phenylbutanamide) and U–47700
                                                                                                                 of the schedules of the Single                             and U–47700 share a pharmacological
                                              (3,4-dichloro-N-[2-
                                                                                                                 Convention on Narcotic Drugs (1961),                       profile similar to fentanyl, morphine,
                                              (dimethylamino)cyclohexyl]-N-
                                                                                                                 then, in accordance with article 3,                        and other synthetic opioids. Law
                                              methylbenzamide), including their
                                                                                                                 paragraph 7 of the Convention, as a                        enforcement and public health reports
                                              isomers, esters, ethers, salts, and salts of
                                                                                                                 signatory Member State, the United                         demonstrate the illicit use and
                                              isomers, esters and ethers, in schedule
                                                                                                                 States is obligated to control the                         distribution of these substances, which
                                              I of the Controlled Substances Act. This
                                                                                                                 substance under its national drug                          are available on the internet. Both
                                              scheduling action discharges the United
                                                                                                                 control legislation, the CSA. The                          butyryl fentanyl and U–47700 are
                                              States obligations under the Single
                                                                                                                 Attorney General has delegated                             abused for their opioid-like effects.
                                              Convention on Narcotic Drugs (1961).
                                                                                                                 scheduling authority under 21 U.S.C.                       Evidence suggests the pattern of abuse
                                              This action continues to impose the
                                                                                                                 811 to the Administrator of the Drug                       of butyryl fentanyl and U–47700
                                              regulatory controls and administrative,
                                                                                                                 Enforcement Administration (DEA)                           parallels that of heroin and prescription
                                              civil, and criminal sanctions applicable
                                                                                                                 (Administrator). 28 CFR 0.100.                             opioid analgesics. Because both butyryl
                                              to schedule I controlled substances on
                                                                                                                                                                            fentanyl and U–47700 can be obtained
                                              persons who handle (manufacture,                                   Background                                                 through illicit sources, information on
                                              distribute, import, export, engage in                                On April 21, 2017, the Secretary-                        their purity and potency is often
                                              research or conduct instructional
sradovich on DSK3GMQ082PROD with RULES




                                                                                                                 General of the United Nations advised                      unknown, thus posing significant
                                              activities with, or possess), or propose                           the Secretary of State of the United                       adverse health risks to the users.
                                              to handle, butyryl fentanyl and U–                                 States, that during the 60th session of                       Similar to morphine and fentanyl,
                                              47700.                                                             the Commission on Narcotic Drugs,                          both butyryl fentanyl and U–47700 act
                                              DATES: Effective April 20, 2018.                                   butyryl fentanyl and U–47700 were                          as m-opioid receptor agonists. Data
                                              FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:                                   added to schedule I of the Single                          obtained from preclinical studies (in
                                              Michael J. Lewis, Diversion Control                                Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961.                        vitro and in vivo) demonstrate that


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                                                                   Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 77 / Friday, April 20, 2018 / Rules and Regulations                                       17487

                                              butyryl fentanyl and U–47700 produce                    CFR 1308.11(h), a subsection reserved                 manufacture butyryl fentanyl and U–
                                              pharmacological effects similar to                      for the temporary listing of substances               47700.
                                              fentanyl and morphine. Specifically, in                 subject to emergency scheduling, this                   6. Inventory. Every DEA registrant
                                              a drug discrimination study in animals,                 order moves both substances to 21 CFR                 who possesses any quantity of butyryl
                                              a behavioral test used to determine                     1308.11(b). As explained above, since                 fentanyl and U–47700 were required to
                                              subjective effect and pharmacological                   control is required under the Single                  keep an inventory of all stocks of these
                                              similarity between a test substance and                 Convention on Narcotic Drugs (1961),                  substances on hand as of May 12, 2016,
                                              a known drug of abuse, butyryl fentanyl                 the DEA will not be initiating regular                and November 14, 2016, respectively,
                                              substituted fully for morphine. Further,                rulemaking proceedings to schedule                    pursuant to 21 U.S.C. 827 and 958, and
                                              data obtained from a drug dependency                    these substances pursuant to 21 U.S.C.                in accordance with 21 CFR 1304.03,
                                              study showed that butyryl fentanyl                      811(a).                                               1304.04, and 1304.11.
                                              completely suppressed signs of                                                                                  7. Records and Reports. Every DEA
                                              withdrawal in morphine-dependent                        Conclusion
                                                                                                                                                            registrant must maintain records and
                                              monkeys. Data obtained from in vivo (in                    In order to meet the United States’                submit reports with respect to butyryl
                                              animal) studies demonstrated that U–                    obligations under the Single Convention               fentanyl and U–47700 pursuant to 21
                                              47700, similar to fentanyl and                          on Narcotic Drugs (1961), and because                 U.S.C. 827 and 958, and in accordance
                                              morphine, produced analgesic effect                     butyryl fentanyl and U–47700 have no                  with 21 CFR parts 1304 and 1312.
                                              and functioned as a m opioid receptor                   currently accepted medical use in                       8. Order Forms. All DEA registrants
                                              agonist. Specifically, analgesic activity               treatment in the United States, the                   who distribute butyryl fentanyl and U–
                                              of U–47700 was attenuated by                            Administrator has determined that these               47700 must comply with order form
                                              naltrexone, an opioid receptor                          substances should remain in schedule I                requirements pursuant to 21 U.S.C. 828
                                              antagonist.                                             of the CSA.                                           and in accordance with 21 CFR part
                                                 Since 2014, butyryl fentanyl has been                                                                      1305.
                                              associated with numerous incidences of                  Requirements for Handling
                                                                                                                                                              9. Importation and Exportation. All
                                              adverse health effects in humans. The                     Butyryl fentanyl and U–47700 have                   importation and exportation of butyryl
                                              DEA is aware of at least 40 confirmed                   been controlled as schedule I controlled              fentanyl and U–47700 must be in
                                              fatalities associated with the misuse                   substances since May 12, 2016, and                    compliance with 21 U.S.C. 952, 953,
                                              and/or abuse of butyryl fentanyl in the                 November 14, 2016, respectively. With                 957, 958, and in accordance with 21
                                              United States. Similarly, U–47700 has                   publication of this final order, butyryl              CFR part 1312.
                                              been associated with numerous cases of                  fentanyl and U–47700 remain subject to                  10. Liability. Any activity involving
                                              overdoses and overdose deaths.                          the CSA’s schedule I regulatory controls              butyryl fentanyl and U–47700 not
                                                 The DEA is not aware of any claims                   and administrative, civil, and criminal               authorized by, or in violation of, the
                                              or any medical or scientific literature                 sanctions applicable to the manufacture,              CSA, is unlawful, and may subject the
                                              suggesting that butyryl fentanyl and U–                 distribution, importation, exportation,               person to administrative, civil, and/or
                                              47700 have a currently accepted                         engagement in research, and conduct of                criminal sanctions.
                                              medical use in treatment in the United                  instructional activities with, and
                                              States. In addition, HHS advised the                    possession of schedule I controlled                   Regulatory Analyses
                                              DEA, by letters dated January 13, 2016,                 substances including the following:                   Executive Order 12866
                                              and April 28, 2016, that there were no
                                                                                                        1. Registration. Any person who                       This action is not a significant
                                              investigational new drug applications or
                                                                                                      handles (manufactures, distributes,                   regulatory action as defined by
                                              approved new drug applications for
                                                                                                      imports, exports, engages in research or              Executive Order 12866 (Regulatory
                                              butyryl fentanyl and U–47700.
                                                 By letters dated December 8, 2016,                   conducts instructional activities with, or            Planning and Review), section 3(f), and,
                                              and March 1, 2017, the DEA requested                    possesses), or who desires to handle,                 accordingly, this action has not been
                                              that HHS conduct a scientific and                       butyryl fentanyl and U–47700 must be                  reviewed by the Office of Management
                                              medical evaluation of and a scheduling                  registered with the DEA to conduct such               and Budget (OMB).
                                              recommendation for butyryl fentanyl                     activities pursuant to 21 U.S.C. 822,
                                              and U–47700, respectively. The DEA is                   823, 957, and 958 and in accordance                   Executive Order 13132
                                              not required under 21 U.S.C. 811(d)(1)                  with 21 CFR parts 1301 and 1312.                        This action does not have federalism
                                              to make any findings required by 21                       2. Disposal of stocks. Butyryl fentanyl             implications warranting the application
                                              U.S.C. 811(a) or 812(b), and is not                     and U–47700 must be disposed of in                    of Executive Order 13132. This action
                                              required to follow the procedures                       accordance with 21 CFR part 1317, in                  does not have substantial direct effects
                                              prescribed by 21 U.S.C. 811(a) and (b).                 addition to all other applicable federal,             on the States, on the relationship
                                              By letter dated November 1, 2017, the                   state, local, and tribal laws.                        between the national government and
                                              Acting Administrator advised HHS that                     3. Security. Butyryl fentanyl and U–                the States, or on the distribution of
                                              the DEA no longer requires scientific                   47700 are subject to schedule I security              power and responsibilities among the
                                              and medical evaluations and scheduling                  requirements and must be handled and                  various levels of government.
                                              recommendations for butyryl fentanyl                    stored pursuant to 21 U.S.C. 821, 823,
                                              and U–47700. Therefore, consistent                      871(b), and in accordance with 21 CFR                 Executive Order 13175
                                              with the framework of 21 U.S.C. 811(d),                 1301.71–1301.93.                                        This action does not have tribal
                                              the DEA concludes that butyryl fentanyl                   4. Labeling and packaging. All labels,              implications warranting the application
                                              and U–47700 have no currently                           labeling, and packaging for commercial                of Executive Order 13175. The action
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                                              accepted medical use in treatment in the                containers of butyryl fentanyl and U–                 does not have substantial direct effects
                                              United States and are most                              47700 must be in compliance with 21                   on one or more Indian tribes, on the
                                              appropriately placed (as they have been                 U.S.C. 825, 958(e), and be in accordance              relationship between the Federal
                                              since May 2016 and November 2016,                       with 21 CFR part 1302.                                government and Indian tribes, or on the
                                              respectively) in schedule I of the CSA.                   5. Quota. A quota assigned pursuant                 distribution of power and
                                              Further, while the DEA temporarily                      to 21 U.S.C. 826 and in accordance with               responsibilities between the Federal
                                              scheduled these substances under 21                     21 CFR part 1303 is required in order to              government and Indian tribes.


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                                              17488                Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 77 / Friday, April 20, 2018 / Rules and Regulations

                                              Administrative Procedure Act                            economy of $100,000,000 or more; a                          DEPARTMENT OF STATE
                                                 The CSA provides for an expedited                    major increase in costs or prices for
                                              scheduling action where control is                      consumers, individual industries,                           22 CFR Part 172
                                              required by the United States                           Federal, State, or local government                         [Public Notice: 10248]
                                              obligations under international treaties,               agencies, or geographic regions; or
                                                                                                                                                                  RIN 1400–AE49
                                              conventions, or protocols. 21 U.S.C.                    significant adverse effects on
                                              811(d)(1). If control is required pursuant              competition, employment, investment,                        Service of Process; Production or
                                              to such international treaty, convention,               productivity, innovation, or on the                         Disclosure of Official Information in
                                              or protocol, the Attorney General must                  ability of United States-based                              Response to Court Orders,
                                              issue an order controlling such drug                    enterprises to compete with foreign-                        Subpoenas, Notices of Depositions,
                                              under the schedule he deems most                        based enterprises in domestic and                           Requests for Admissions,
                                              appropriate to carry out such                           export markets.’’ However, pursuant to                      Interrogatories, or Similar Requests or
                                              obligations, without regard to the                      the CRA, the DEA has submitted a copy                       Demands in Connection With Federal
                                              findings or procedures otherwise                        of this final order to both Houses of                       or State Litigation; Expert Testimony
                                              required for scheduling actions. Id.                    Congress and to the Comptroller
                                                 To the extent that 21 U.S.C. 811(d)(1)                                                                           AGENCY:    Department of State.
                                                                                                      General.
                                              directs that if control is required by the                                                                          ACTION:   Final rule.
                                              United States obligations under                         List of Subjects in 21 CFR Part 1308
                                              international treaties, conventions, or                                                                             SUMMARY:    The Department of State
                                              protocols in effect on October 27, 1970,                  Administrative practice and                               corrects erroneous citations and
                                              scheduling actions shall be issued by                   procedure, Drug traffic control,                            typographical errors within part 172 by
                                              order (as compared to scheduling                        Reporting and recordkeeping                                 correcting or removing them.
                                              pursuant to 21 U.S.C. 811(a) by rule),                  requirements.                                               DATES: This rule is effective on May 21,
                                              the DEA believes that the notice and                                                                                2018.
                                                                                                        For the reasons set out above, the DEA
                                              comment requirements of section 553 of                                                                              FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
                                              the Administrative Procedure Act                        amends 21 CFR part 1308 as follows:
                                                                                                                                                                  Alice Kottmyer, Attorney-Adviser, 202–
                                              (APA), 5 U.S.C. 553, do not apply to this                                                                           647–2318, kottmyeram@state.gov.
                                                                                                      PART 1308—SCHEDULES OF
                                              scheduling action. In the alternative,                                                                              SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Section
                                                                                                      CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES
                                              even if this action does constitute ‘‘rule                                                                          172 of Title 22, Code of Federal
                                              making’’ under 5 U.S.C. 551(5), this                                                                                Regulations, describes procedures for
                                              action is exempt from the notice and                    ■ 1. The authority citation for part 1308
                                                                                                      continues to read as follows:                               the public to follow to request testimony
                                              comment requirements of 5 U.S.C. 553                                                                                or production of documents for
                                              pursuant to 21 U.S.C. 553(a)(1) as an                     Authority: 21 U.S.C. 811, 812, 871(b),                    litigation (so-called ‘‘Touhy requests’’).
                                              action involving a foreign affairs                      956(b), unless otherwise noted.                             See United States ex rel. Touhy v.
                                              function of the United States given that                                                                            Ragen, 340 U.S. 462 (1951).
                                              this action is being done in accordance                 ■ 2. In § 1308.11:
                                                                                                                                                                     In this rulemaking, the Department is
                                              with 21 U.S.C. 811(d)(1)’s requirement                  ■ a. Redesignate paragraphs (b)(18)                         replacing the reference to Executive
                                              that the United States comply with its                  through (58) as (b)(19) through (59) and                    Order 12356 in the first sentence of
                                              obligations under the specified                         add a new paragraph (b)(18);                                § 172.1(e) to instead reference Executive
                                              international agreements.                               ■ b. Add paragraph (b)(60); and                             Order 13526 (75 FR 707), the most
                                              Regulatory Flexibility Act                              ■ c. Remove and reserve paragraphs                          recent executive order relating to
                                                The Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA)                  (h)(2) and (4).                                             classified national security information.
                                              (5 U.S.C. 601–612) applies to rules that                                                                            Executive Order 12356 was revoked by
                                                                                                        The additions read as follows:                            Executive Order 12958, which in turn
                                              are subject to notice and comment
                                              under section 553(b) of the APA or any                  § 1308.11       Schedule I.                                 was revoked by Executive Order 13526.
                                              other law. As explained above, the CSA                                                                                 The Department also corrects a
                                                                                                      *         *    *         *        *                         typographical error in § 172.2(c) so that
                                              exempts this final order from notice and
                                              comment. Consequently, the RFA does                           (b) * * *                                             the first sentence references § 172.3(c)
                                              not apply to this action.                                                                                           instead of § 173.3(c). Section 173.3(c)
                                                                                                      (18)   Butyryl    fentanyl        (N-(1-                    has no connection to service of process,
                                              Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995                           phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N-
                                                                                                        phenylbutyramide) .......................          9822
                                                                                                                                                                  whereas § 172.3(c) relates directly to
                                                This action does not impose a new                                                                                 service of process.
                                              collection of information requirement                   *        *       *       *        *                            The Department deletes the following
                                              under the Paperwork Reduction Act of                                                                                sentence in § 172.5(a): ‘‘Where
                                              1995. 44 U.S.C. 3501–3521. An agency                    (60) U–47700 (3,4-Dichloro-N-[2-                            documents or other materials are
                                              may not conduct or sponsor, and a                         (dimethylamino)cyclohexyl]-N-                             sought, the party should provide a
                                              person is not required to respond to, a                   methylbenzamide) .......................           9547   description using the types of
                                              collection of information unless it                                                                                 identifying information suggested in 22
                                              displays a currently valid OMB control                  *        *       *       *        *                         CFR 171.10(a) and 171.31.’’ The two
                                              number.                                                   Dated: April 11, 2018.                                    citations are not valid, and are likely
                                                                                                      Robert W. Patterson,
                                                                                                                                                                  artifacts from Part 172 as it existed in
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                                              Congressional Review Act                                                                                            the past. The Department does not
                                                                                                      Acting Administrator.
                                                This action is not a major rule as                                                                                believe it is necessary to provide
                                              defined by section 804 of the Small                     [FR Doc. 2018–08280 Filed 4–19–18; 8:45 am]                 alternative citations. First, there are no
                                              Business Regulatory Enforcement                         BILLING CODE 4410–09–P                                      analogs in the current regulation for the
                                              Fairness Act of 1996 (Congressional                                                                                 old §§ 171.10(a) or 171.31. Second,
                                              Review Act (CRA)). This order will not                                                                              since the sentence immediately
                                              result in: ‘‘an annual effect on the                                                                                preceding the eliminated sentence calls


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Document Created: 2018-04-20 00:03:35
Document Modified: 2018-04-20 00:03:35
CategoryRegulatory Information
CollectionFederal Register
sudoc ClassAE 2.7:
GS 4.107:
AE 2.106:
PublisherOffice of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Administration
SectionRules and Regulations
ActionFinal order.
DatesEffective April 20, 2018.
ContactMichael J. Lewis, Diversion Control
FR Citation83 FR 17486 
CFR AssociatedAdministrative Practice and Procedure; Drug Traffic Control and Reporting and Recordkeeping Requirements

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