83_FR_2561 83 FR 2549 - National Priorities List

83 FR 2549 - National Priorities List

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

Federal Register Volume 83, Issue 12 (January 18, 2018)

Page Range2549-2554
FR Document2018-00619

The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (``CERCLA'' or ``the Act''), as amended, requires that the National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency Plan (``NCP'') include a list of national priorities among the known releases or threatened releases of hazardous substances, pollutants or contaminants throughout the United States. The National Priorities List (``NPL'') constitutes this list. The NPL is intended primarily to guide the Environmental Protection Agency (``the EPA'' or ``the agency'') in determining which sites warrant further investigation. These further investigations will allow the EPA to assess the nature and extent of public health and environmental risks associated with the site and to determine what CERCLA-financed remedial action(s), if any, may be appropriate. This rule adds four sites to the General Superfund section of the NPL.

Federal Register, Volume 83 Issue 12 (Thursday, January 18, 2018)
[Federal Register Volume 83, Number 12 (Thursday, January 18, 2018)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 2549-2554]
From the Federal Register Online  [www.thefederalregister.org]
[FR Doc No: 2018-00619]


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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

40 CFR Part 300

[EPA-HQ-OLEM-2017-0073, 0074, 0075 and 0076; FRL-9973-00-OLEM]


National Priorities List

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

ACTION: Final rule.

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SUMMARY: The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and 
Liability Act of 1980 (``CERCLA'' or ``the Act''), as amended, requires 
that the National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency 
Plan (``NCP'') include a list of national priorities among the known 
releases or threatened releases of hazardous substances, pollutants or 
contaminants throughout the United States. The National Priorities List 
(``NPL'') constitutes this list. The NPL is intended primarily to guide 
the Environmental Protection Agency (``the EPA'' or ``the agency'') in 
determining which sites warrant further investigation. These further 
investigations will allow the EPA to assess the nature and extent of 
public health and environmental risks associated with the site and to 
determine what CERCLA-financed remedial action(s), if any, may be 
appropriate. This rule adds four sites to the General Superfund section 
of the NPL.

DATES: The document is effective on February 20, 2018.

ADDRESSES: Contact information for the EPA Headquarters:
     Docket Coordinator, Headquarters; U.S. Environmental 
Protection Agency; CERCLA Docket Office, 1301 Constitution Avenue NW, 
William Jefferson Clinton Building West, Room 3334, Washington, DC 
20004, 202-566-0276.
    The contact information for the regional dockets is as follows:
     Holly Inglis, Region 1 (CT, ME, MA, NH, RI, VT), U.S. EPA, 
Superfund Records and Information Center, 5 Post Office Square, Suite 
100, Boston, MA 02109-3912; 617-918-1413.
     Ildefonso Acosta, Region 2 (NJ, NY, PR, VI), U.S. EPA, 290 
Broadway, New York, NY 10007-1866; 212-637-4344.
     Lorie Baker (ASRC), Region 3 (DE, DC, MD, PA, VA, WV), 
U.S. EPA, Library, 1650 Arch Street, Mailcode 3HS12, Philadelphia, PA 
19103; 215-814-3355.
     Cathy Amoroso, Region 4 (AL, FL, GA, KY, MS, NC, SC, TN), 
U.S. EPA, 61 Forsyth Street SW, Mailcode 9T25, Atlanta, GA 30303; 404-
562-8637.
     Todd Quesada, Region 5 (IL, IN, MI, MN, OH, WI), U.S. EPA 
Superfund Division Librarian/SFD Records Manager SRC-7J, Metcalfe 
Federal Building, 77 West Jackson Boulevard, Chicago, IL 60604; 312-
886-4465.
     Brenda Cook, Region 6 (AR, LA, NM, OK, TX), U.S. EPA, 1445 
Ross Avenue, Suite 1200, Mailcode 6SFTS, Dallas, TX 75202-2733; 214-
665-7436.
     Kumud Pyakuryal, Region 7 (IA, KS, MO, NE), U.S. EPA, 
11201 Renner Blvd., Mailcode SUPRSTAR, Lenexa, KS 66219; 913-551-7956.
     Victor Ketellapper, Region 8 (CO, MT, ND, SD, UT, WY), 
U.S. EPA, 1595 Wynkoop Street, Mailcode 8EPR-B, Denver, CO 80202-1129; 
303-312-6578.
     Sharon Murray, Region 9 (AZ, CA, HI, NV, AS, GU, MP), U.S. 
EPA, 75 Hawthorne Street, Mailcode SFD 6-1, San Francisco, CA 94105; 
415-947-4250.
     Ken Marcy, Region 10 (AK, ID, OR, WA), U.S. EPA, 1200 6th 
Avenue, Mailcode ECL-112, Seattle, WA 98101; 206-463-1349.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Terry Jeng, phone: (703) 603-8852, 
email: [email protected] Site Assessment and Remedy Decisions Branch, 
Assessment and Remediation Division, Office of Superfund Remediation 
and Technology Innovation (Mailcode 5204P), U.S. Environmental 
Protection Agency; 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20460; 
or the Superfund Hotline, phone (800) 424-9346 or (703) 412-9810 in the 
Washington, DC, metropolitan area.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

Table of Contents

I. Background
    A. What are CERCLA and SARA?
    B. What is the NCP?
    C. What is the National Priorities List (NPL)?
    D. How are sites listed on the NPL?
    E. What happens to sites on the NPL?
    F. Does the NPL define the boundaries of sites?
    G. How are sites removed from the NPL?
    H. May the EPA delete portions of sites from the NPL as they are 
cleaned up?
    I. What is the Construction Completion List (CCL)?
    J. What is the Sitewide Ready for Anticipated Use measure?
    K. What is state/tribal correspondence concerning NPL Listing?
II. Availability of Information to the Public
    A. May I review the documents relevant to this final rule?
    B. What documents are available for review at the EPA 
headquarters docket?
    C. What documents are available for review at the EPA regional 
dockets?
    D. How do I access the documents?
    E. How may I obtain a current list of NPL sites?
III. Contents of This Final Rule
    A. Additions to the NPL
    B. What did the EPA do with the public comments it received?
IV. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews
    A. Executive Order 12866: Regulatory Planning and Review and 
Executive Order 13563: Improving Regulation and Regulatory Review
    B. Executive Order 13771: Reducing Regulation and Controlling 
Regulatory Costs
    C. Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA)
    D. Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA)
    E. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act (UMRA)
    F. Executive Order 13132: Federalism
    G. Executive Order 13175: Consultation and Coordination With 
Indian Tribal Governments

[[Page 2550]]

    H. Executive Order 13045: Protection of Children From 
Environmental Health and Safety Risks
    I. Executive Order 13211: Actions That Significantly Affect 
Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use
    J. National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act (NTTAA)
    K. Executive Order 12898: Federal Actions To Address 
Environmental Justice in Minority Populations and Low-Income 
Populations
    L. Congressional Review Act

I. Background

A. What are CERCLA and SARA?

    In 1980, Congress enacted the Comprehensive Environmental Response, 
Compensation, and Liability Act, 42 U.S.C. 9601-9675 (``CERCLA'' or 
``the Act''), in response to the dangers of uncontrolled releases or 
threatened releases of hazardous substances, and releases or 
substantial threats of releases into the environment of any pollutant 
or contaminant that may present an imminent or substantial danger to 
the public health or welfare. CERCLA was amended on October 17, 1986, 
by the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (``SARA''), Public 
Law 99-499, 100 Stat. 1613 et seq.

B. What is the NCP?

    To implement CERCLA, the EPA promulgated the revised National Oil 
and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency Plan (``NCP''), 40 CFR 
part 300, on July 16, 1982 (47 FR 31180), pursuant to CERCLA section 
105 and Executive Order 12316 (46 FR 42237, August 20, 1981). The NCP 
sets guidelines and procedures for responding to releases and 
threatened releases of hazardous substances, or releases or substantial 
threats of releases into the environment of any pollutant or 
contaminant that may present an imminent or substantial danger to the 
public health or welfare. The EPA has revised the NCP on several 
occasions. The most recent comprehensive revision was on March 8, 1990 
(55 FR 8666).
    As required under section 105(a)(8)(A) of CERCLA, the NCP also 
includes ``criteria for determining priorities among releases or 
threatened releases throughout the United States for the purpose of 
taking remedial action and, to the extent practicable, taking into 
account the potential urgency of such action, for the purpose of taking 
removal action.'' ``Removal'' actions are defined broadly and include a 
wide range of actions taken to study, clean up, prevent or otherwise 
address releases and threatened releases of hazardous substances, 
pollutants or contaminants (42 U.S.C. 9601(23)).

C. What is the National Priorities List (NPL)?

    The NPL is a list of national priorities among the known or 
threatened releases of hazardous substances, pollutants or contaminants 
throughout the United States. The list, which is appendix B of the NCP 
(40 CFR part 300), was required under section 105(a)(8)(B) of CERCLA, 
as amended. Section 105(a)(8)(B) defines the NPL as a list of 
``releases'' and the highest priority ``facilities'' and requires that 
the NPL be revised at least annually. The NPL is intended primarily to 
guide the EPA in determining which sites warrant further investigation 
to assess the nature and extent of public health and environmental 
risks associated with a release of hazardous substances, pollutants or 
contaminants. The NPL is of only limited significance, however, as it 
does not assign liability to any party or to the owner of any specific 
property. Also, placing a site on the NPL does not mean that any 
remedial or removal action necessarily need be taken.
    For purposes of listing, the NPL includes two sections, one of 
sites that are generally evaluated and cleaned up by the EPA (the 
``General Superfund section'') and one of sites that are owned or 
operated by other federal agencies (the ``Federal Facilities 
section''). With respect to sites in the Federal Facilities section, 
these sites are generally being addressed by other federal agencies. 
Under Executive Order 12580 (52 FR 2923, January 29, 1987) and CERCLA 
section 120, each federal agency is responsible for carrying out most 
response actions at facilities under its own jurisdiction, custody or 
control, although the EPA is responsible for preparing a Hazard Ranking 
System (``HRS'') score and determining whether the facility is placed 
on the NPL.

D. How are sites listed on the NPL?

    There are three mechanisms for placing sites on the NPL for 
possible remedial action (see 40 CFR 300.425(c) of the NCP): (1) A site 
may be included on the NPL if it scores sufficiently high on the HRS, 
which the EPA promulgated as appendix A of the NCP (40 CFR part 300). 
The HRS serves as a screening tool to evaluate the relative potential 
of uncontrolled hazardous substances, pollutants or contaminants to 
pose a threat to human health or the environment. On December 14, 1990 
(55 FR 51532), the EPA promulgated revisions to the HRS partly in 
response to CERCLA section 105(c), added by SARA. The revised HRS 
evaluates four pathways: ground water, surface water, soil exposure and 
air. As a matter of agency policy, those sites that score 28.50 or 
greater on the HRS are eligible for the NPL. (2) Each state may 
designate a single site as its top priority to be listed on the NPL, 
without any HRS score. This provision of CERCLA requires that, to the 
extent practicable, the NPL include one facility designated by each 
state as the greatest danger to public health, welfare or the 
environment among known facilities in the state. This mechanism for 
listing is set out in the NCP at 40 CFR 300.425(c)(2). (3) The third 
mechanism for listing, included in the NCP at 40 CFR 300.425(c)(3), 
allows certain sites to be listed without any HRS score, if all of the 
following conditions are met:
     The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry 
(ATSDR) of the U.S. Public Health Service has issued a health advisory 
that recommends dissociation of individuals from the release.
     The EPA determines that the release poses a significant 
threat to public health.
     The EPA anticipates that it will be more cost-effective to 
use its remedial authority than to use its removal authority to respond 
to the release.
    The EPA promulgated an original NPL of 406 sites on September 8, 
1983 (48 FR 40658) and generally has updated it at least annually.

E. What happens to sites on the NPL?

    A site may undergo remedial action financed by the Trust Fund 
established under CERCLA (commonly referred to as the ``Superfund'') 
only after it is placed on the NPL, as provided in the NCP at 40 CFR 
300.425(b)(1). (``Remedial actions'' are those ``consistent with a 
permanent remedy, taken instead of or in addition to removal actions'' 
(40 CFR 300.5). However, under 40 CFR 300.425(b)(2), placing a site on 
the NPL ``does not imply that monies will be expended.'' The EPA may 
pursue other appropriate authorities to respond to the releases, 
including enforcement action under CERCLA and other laws.

F. Does the NPL define the boundaries of sites?

    The NPL does not describe releases in precise geographical terms; 
it would be neither feasible nor consistent with the limited purpose of 
the NPL (to identify releases that are priorities for further 
evaluation), for it to do so. Indeed, the precise nature and extent of 
the site are typically not known at the time of listing.
    Although a CERCLA ``facility'' is broadly defined to include any 
area where a hazardous substance has ``come

[[Page 2551]]

to be located'' (CERCLA section 101(9)), the listing process itself is 
not intended to define or reflect the boundaries of such facilities or 
releases. Of course, HRS data (if the HRS is used to list a site) upon 
which the NPL placement was based will, to some extent, describe the 
release(s) at issue. That is, the NPL site would include all releases 
evaluated as part of that HRS analysis.
    When a site is listed, the approach generally used to describe the 
relevant release(s) is to delineate a geographical area (usually the 
area within an installation or plant boundaries) and identify the site 
by reference to that area. However, the NPL site is not necessarily 
coextensive with the boundaries of the installation or plant, and the 
boundaries of the installation or plant are not necessarily the 
``boundaries'' of the site. Rather, the site consists of all 
contaminated areas within the area used to identify the site, as well 
as any other location where that contamination has come to be located, 
or from where that contamination came.
    In other words, while geographic terms are often used to designate 
the site (e.g., the ``Jones Co. Plant site'') in terms of the property 
owned by a particular party, the site, properly understood, is not 
limited to that property (e.g., it may extend beyond the property due 
to contaminant migration), and conversely may not occupy the full 
extent of the property (e.g., where there are uncontaminated parts of 
the identified property, they may not be, strictly speaking, part of 
the ``site''). The ``site'' is thus neither equal to, nor confined by, 
the boundaries of any specific property that may give the site its 
name, and the name itself should not be read to imply that this site is 
coextensive with the entire area within the property boundary of the 
installation or plant. In addition, the site name is merely used to 
help identify the geographic location of the contamination, and is not 
meant to constitute any determination of liability at a site. For 
example, the name ``Jones Co. plant site,'' does not imply that the 
Jones Company is responsible for the contamination located on the plant 
site.
    EPA regulations provide that the remedial investigation (``RI'') 
``is a process undertaken . . . to determine the nature and extent of 
the problem presented by the release'' as more information is developed 
on site contamination, and which is generally performed in an 
interactive fashion with the feasibility study (``FS'') (40 CFR 300.5). 
During the RI/FS process, the release may be found to be larger or 
smaller than was originally thought, as more is learned about the 
source(s) and the migration of the contamination. However, the HRS 
inquiry focuses on an evaluation of the threat posed and therefore the 
boundaries of the release need not be exactly defined. Moreover, it 
generally is impossible to discover the full extent of where the 
contamination ``has come to be located'' before all necessary studies 
and remedial work are completed at a site. Indeed, the known boundaries 
of the contamination can be expected to change over time. Thus, in most 
cases, it may be impossible to describe the boundaries of a release 
with absolute certainty.
    Further, as noted previously, NPL listing does not assign liability 
to any party or to the owner of any specific property. Thus, if a party 
does not believe it is liable for releases on discrete parcels of 
property, it can submit supporting information to the agency at any 
time after it receives notice it is a potentially responsible party.
    For these reasons, the NPL need not be amended as further research 
reveals more information about the location of the contamination or 
release.

G. How are sites removed from the NPL?

    The EPA may delete sites from the NPL where no further response is 
appropriate under Superfund, as explained in the NCP at 40 CFR 
300.425(e). This section also provides that the EPA shall consult with 
states on proposed deletions and shall consider whether any of the 
following criteria have been met:
    (i) Responsible parties or other persons have implemented all 
appropriate response actions required;
    (ii) All appropriate Superfund-financed response has been 
implemented and no further response action is required; or
    (iii) The remedial investigation has shown the release poses no 
significant threat to public health or the environment, and taking of 
remedial measures is not appropriate.

H. May the EPA delete portions of sites from the NPL as they are 
cleaned up?

    In November 1995, the EPA initiated a policy to delete portions of 
NPL sites where cleanup is complete (60 FR 55465, November 1, 1995). 
Total site cleanup may take many years, while portions of the site may 
have been cleaned up and made available for productive use.

I. What is the Construction Completion List (CCL)?

    The EPA also has developed an NPL construction completion list 
(``CCL'') to simplify its system of categorizing sites and to better 
communicate the successful completion of cleanup activities (58 FR 
12142, March 2, 1993). Inclusion of a site on the CCL has no legal 
significance.
    Sites qualify for the CCL when: (1) Any necessary physical 
construction is complete, whether or not final cleanup levels or other 
requirements have been achieved; (2) the EPA has determined that the 
response action should be limited to measures that do not involve 
construction (e.g., institutional controls); or (3) the site qualifies 
for deletion from the NPL. For more information on the CCL, see the 
EPA's internet site at https://www.epa.gov/superfund/construction-completions-national-priorities-list-npl-sites-number.

J. What is the Sitewide Ready for Anticipated Use measure?

    The Sitewide Ready for Anticipated Use measure represents important 
Superfund accomplishments and the measure reflects the high priority 
the EPA places on considering anticipated future land use as part of 
the remedy selection process. See Guidance for Implementing the 
Sitewide Ready-for-Reuse Measure, May 24, 2006, OSWER 9365.0-36. This 
measure applies to final and deleted sites where construction is 
complete, all cleanup goals have been achieved, and all institutional 
or other controls are in place. The EPA has been successful on many 
occasions in carrying out remedial actions that ensure protectiveness 
of human health and the environment for current and future land uses, 
in a manner that allows contaminated properties to be restored to 
environmental and economic vitality. For further information, please go 
to https://www.epa.gov/superfund/about-superfund-cleanup-process#tab-9.

K. What is state/tribal correspondence concerning NPL listing?

    In order to maintain close coordination with states and tribes in 
the NPL listing decision process, the EPA's policy is to determine the 
position of the states and tribes regarding sites that the EPA is 
considering for listing. This consultation process is outlined in two 
memoranda that can be found at the following website: https://www.epa.gov/superfund/statetribal-correspondence-concerning-npl-site-listing.
    The EPA has improved the transparency of the process by which state 
and tribal input is solicited. The EPA is using the Web and where 
appropriate more structured state and tribal correspondence that (1) 
explains the concerns at the site and the EPA's rationale for 
proceeding; (2) requests an

[[Page 2552]]

explanation of how the state intends to address the site if placement 
on the NPL is not favored; and (3) emphasizes the transparent nature of 
the process by informing states that information on their responses 
will be publicly available.
    A model letter and correspondence between the EPA and states and 
tribes where applicable, is available on the EPA's website at http://semspub.epa.gov/src/document/HQ/174024.

II. Availability of Information to the Public

A. May I review the documents relevant to this final rule?

    Yes, documents relating to the evaluation and scoring of the sites 
in this final rule are contained in dockets located both at the EPA 
headquarters and in the EPA regional offices. An electronic version of 
the public docket is available through https://www.regulations.gov (see 
table below for docket identification numbers). Although not all docket 
materials may be available electronically, you may still access any of 
the publicly available docket materials through the docket facilities 
identified in section II.D.

                                      Docket Identification Numbers by Site
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               Site name                    City/county, state                     Docket ID No.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Newark South Ground Water Plume.......  Newark, DE...............  EPA-HQ-OLEM-2017-0073
American Creosote DeRidder............  DeRidder, LA.............  EPA-HQ-OLEM-2017-0074
Mississippi Phosphates Corporation....  Pascagoula, MS...........  EPA-HQ-OLEM-2017-0075
Eagle Industries......................  Midwest City, OK.........  EPA-HQ-OLEM-2017-0076
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

B. What documents are available for review at the EPA headquarters 
docket?

    The headquarters docket for this rule contains the HRS score 
sheets, the documentation record describing the information used to 
compute the score and a list of documents referenced in the 
documentation record for each site.

C. What documents are available for review at the EPA regional dockets?

    The EPA regional dockets contain all the information in the 
headquarters docket, plus the actual reference documents containing the 
data principally relied upon by the EPA in calculating or evaluating 
the HRS score. These reference documents are available only in the 
regional dockets.

D. How do I access the documents?

    You may view the documents, by appointment only, after the 
publication of this rule. The hours of operation for the headquarters 
docket are from 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Monday through Friday, 
excluding federal holidays. Please contact the regional dockets for 
hours. For addresses for the headquarters and regional dockets, see 
ADDRESSES section in the beginning portion of this preamble.

E. How may I obtain a current list of NPL sites?

    You may obtain a current list of NPL sites via the internet at 
https://www.epa.gov/superfund/national-priorities-list-npl-sites-site-name or by contacting the Superfund docket (see contact information in 
the beginning portion of this document).

III. Contents of This Final Rule

A. Additions to the NPL

    This final rule adds the following four sites to the General 
Superfund section of the NPL. These sites are being added to the NPL 
based on HRS score.

                        General Superfund Section
------------------------------------------------------------------------
          State                 Site name              City/county
------------------------------------------------------------------------
DE.......................  Newark South Ground  Newark.
                            Water Plume.
LA.......................  American Creosote    DeRidder.
                            DeRidder.
MS.......................  Mississippi          Pascagoula.
                            Phosphates
                            Corporation.
OK.......................  Eagle Industries...  Midwest City.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

B. What did the EPA do with the public comments it received?

    The EPA is adding four sites to the NPL in this final rule. All 
four sites were proposed for NPL addition on August 3, 2017 (82 FR 
36106). The sites are: Newark South Ground Water Plume in Newark, DE; 
American Creosote DeRidder in DeRidder, LA; Mississippi Phosphates 
Corporation in Pascagoula, MS; and, Eagle Industries in Midwest City, 
OK.
    The EPA received no comments on the American Creosote DeRidder 
site. One comment was submitted to the Eagle Industries site docket, 
but that comment was unrelated to the site.
    Two comments were received in support of the Newark South Ground 
Water Plume site. One resident that lives in Newark supported the EPA's 
efforts to clean up the site. The other comment was a resolution passed 
by the Newark City Council in support of NPL listing. The Newark South 
Ground Water Plume docket also received one comment that was unrelated 
to the proposed NPL listing.
    The EPA received nine comments in support of the Mississippi 
Phosphates Corporation site. Seven of those comments were submitted 
from local citizens. Two comments that were submitted by local 
environmental groups expressed support for the addition of the site to 
the NPL and requested responses from the EPA on questions that did not 
pertain to the proposed NPL addition. The EPA will be communicating 
with those groups directly to answer their questions.

IV. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

    Additional information about these statutes and Executive Orders 
can be found at https://www.epa.gov/laws-regulations/laws-and-executive-orders.

A. Executive Order 12866: Regulatory Planning and Review and Executive 
Order 13563: Improving Regulation and Regulatory Review

    This action is not a significant regulatory action and was 
therefore not submitted to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) 
for review.

[[Page 2553]]

B. Executive Order 13771: Reducing Regulation and Controlling 
Regulatory Costs

    This action is not an Executive Order 13771 regulatory action 
because this action is not significant under Executive Order 12866.

C. Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA)

    This action does not impose an information collection burden under 
the PRA. This rule does not contain any information collection 
requirements that require approval of the OMB.

D. Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA)

    I certify that this action will not have a significant economic 
impact on a substantial number of small entities under the RFA. This 
action will not impose any requirements on small entities. This rule 
listing sites on the NPL does not impose any obligations on any group, 
including small entities. This rule also does not establish standards 
or requirements that any small entity must meet, and imposes no direct 
costs on any small entity. Whether an entity, small or otherwise, is 
liable for response costs for a release of hazardous substances depends 
on whether that entity is liable under CERCLA 107(a). Any such 
liability exists regardless of whether the site is listed on the NPL 
through this rulemaking.

E. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act (UMRA)

    This action does not contain any unfunded mandate as described in 
UMRA, 2 U.S.C. 1531-1538, and does not significantly or uniquely affect 
small governments. This action imposes no enforceable duty on any 
state, local or tribal governments or the private sector. Listing a 
site on the NPL does not itself impose any costs. Listing does not mean 
that the EPA necessarily will undertake remedial action. Nor does 
listing require any action by a private party, state, local or tribal 
governments or determine liability for response costs. Costs that arise 
out of site responses result from future site-specific decisions 
regarding what actions to take, not directly from the act of placing a 
site on the NPL.

F. Executive Order 13132: Federalism

    This final rule does not have federalism implications. It will not 
have substantial direct effects on the states, on the relationship 
between the national government and the states, or on the distribution 
of power and responsibilities among the various levels of government.

G. Executive Order 13175: Consultation and Coordination With Indian 
Tribal Governments

    This action does not have tribal implications as specified in 
Executive Order 13175. Listing a site on the NPL does not impose any 
costs on a tribe or require a tribe to take remedial action. Thus, 
Executive Order 13175 does not apply to this action.

H. Executive Order 13045: Protection of Children From Environmental 
Health and Safety Risks

    The EPA interprets Executive Order 13045 as applying only to those 
regulatory actions that concern environmental health or safety risks 
that the EPA has reason to believe may disproportionately affect 
children, per the definition of ``covered regulatory action'' in 
section 2-202 of the Executive Order. This action is not subject to 
Executive Order 13045 because this action itself is procedural in 
nature (adds sites to a list) and does not, in and of itself, provide 
protection from environmental health and safety risks. Separate future 
regulatory actions are required for mitigation of environmental health 
and safety risks.

I. Executive Order 13211: Actions That Significantly Affect Energy 
Supply, Distribution, or Use

    This action is not subject to Executive Order 13211, because it is 
not a significant regulatory action under Executive Order 12866.

J. National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act (NTTAA)

    This rulemaking does not involve technical standards.

K. Executive Order 12898: Federal Actions To Address Environmental 
Justice in Minority Populations and Low-Income Populations

    The EPA believes the human health or environmental risk addressed 
by this action will not have potential disproportionately high and 
adverse human health or environmental effects on minority, low-income 
or indigenous populations because it does not affect the level of 
protection provided to human health or the environment. As discussed in 
Section I.C. of the preamble to this action, the NPL is a list of 
national priorities. The NPL is intended primarily to guide the EPA in 
determining which sites warrant further investigation to assess the 
nature and extent of public health and environmental risks associated 
with a release of hazardous substances, pollutants or contaminants. The 
NPL is of only limited significance as it does not assign liability to 
any party. Also, placing a site on the NPL does not mean that any 
remedial or removal action necessarily need be taken.

L. Congressional Review Act

    This action is subject to the CRA, and the EPA will submit a rule 
report to each House of the Congress and to the Comptroller General of 
the United States. This action is not a ``major rule'' as defined by 5 
U.S.C. 804(2).
    Provisions of the Congressional Review Act (CRA) or section 305 of 
CERCLA may alter the effective date of this regulation. Under 5 U.S.C. 
801(b)(1), a rule shall not take effect, or continue in effect, if 
Congress enacts (and the President signs) a joint resolution of 
disapproval, described under section 802. Another statutory provision 
that may affect this rule is CERCLA section 305, which provides for a 
legislative veto of regulations promulgated under CERCLA. Although INS 
v. Chadha, 462 U.S. 919,103 S. Ct. 2764 (1983), and Bd. of Regents of 
the University of Washington v. EPA, 86 F.3d 1214,1222 (DC Cir. 1996), 
cast the validity of the legislative veto into question, the EPA has 
transmitted a copy of this regulation to the Secretary of the Senate 
and the Clerk of the House of Representatives.
    If action by Congress under either the CRA or CERCLA section 305 
calls the effective date of this regulation into question, the EPA will 
publish a document of clarification in the Federal Register.

List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 300

    Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Chemicals, 
Hazardous substances, Hazardous waste, Intergovernmental relations, 
Natural resources, Oil pollution, Penalties, Reporting and 
recordkeeping requirements, Superfund, Water pollution control, Water 
supply.

    Dated: January 9, 2018.
Barry N. Breen,
Principal Deputy Assistant Administrator, Office of Land and Emergency 
Management.

    40 CFR part 300 is amended as follows:

PART 300--NATIONAL OIL AND HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES POLLUTION 
CONTINGENCY PLAN

0
1. The authority citation for part 300 continues to read as follows:

    Authority:  33 U.S.C. 1321(d); 42 U.S.C. 9601-9657; E.O. 13626, 
77 FR 56749, 3 CFR, 2013 Comp., p. 306; E.O. 12777, 56 FR 54757, 3 
CFR, 1991 Comp., p.351; E.O. 12580, 52 FR 2923, 3 CFR, 1987 Comp., 
p. 193.

[[Page 2554]]


0
2. Table 1 of appendix B to part 300 is amended by adding the entries 
``Newark South Ground Water Plume'', ``American Creosote DeRidder'', 
``Mississippi Phosphates Corporation'', and ``Eagle Industries'' in 
alphabetical order by state to read as follows:

Appendix B to Part 300--National Priorities List

                                       Table 1--General Superfund Section
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            State                       Site name                 City/county                 Notes \a\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                  * * * * * * *
DE..........................  Newark South Ground Water     Newark.................
                               Plume.
 
                                                  * * * * * * *
LA..........................  American Creosote DeRidder..  DeRidder...............
 
                                                  * * * * * * *
MS..........................  Mississippi Phosphates        Pascagoula.............
                               Corporation.
 
                                                  * * * * * * *
OK..........................  Eagle Industries............  Midwest City...........
 
                                                  * * * * * * *
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\a\ = Based on issuance of health advisory by Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (if scored, HRS
  score need not be greater than or equal to 28.50).

* * * * *
[FR Doc. 2018-00619 Filed 1-17-18; 8:45 am]
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                                                               Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 12 / Thursday, January 18, 2018 / Rules and Regulations                                              2549

                                              the title and file name—and if the                      Contingency Plan (‘‘NCP’’) include a list                • Sharon Murray, Region 9 (AZ, CA,
                                              photographs have been published, the                    of national priorities among the known                 HI, NV, AS, GU, MP), U.S. EPA, 75
                                              month and year of publication—for each                  releases or threatened releases of                     Hawthorne Street, Mailcode SFD 6–1,
                                              photograph in the group. The title and                  hazardous substances, pollutants or                    San Francisco, CA 94105; 415–947–
                                              file name for a particular photograph                   contaminants throughout the United                     4250.
                                              may be the same and may consist of                      States. The National Priorities List                     • Ken Marcy, Region 10 (AK, ID, OR,
                                              letters, numbers, and spaces, but the file              (‘‘NPL’’) constitutes this list. The NPL is            WA), U.S. EPA, 1200 6th Avenue,
                                              name should not contain any other form                  intended primarily to guide the                        Mailcode ECL–112, Seattle, WA 98101;
                                              of punctuation. The numbered list must                  Environmental Protection Agency (‘‘the                 206–463–1349.
                                              be contained in an electronic file in                   EPA’’ or ‘‘the agency’’) in determining                FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
                                              Excel format (.xls), Portable Document                  which sites warrant further                            Terry Jeng, phone: (703) 603–8852,
                                              Format (PDF), or other electronic format                investigation. These further                           email: jeng.terry@epa.gov Site
                                              approved by the Office. The file name                   investigations will allow the EPA to                   Assessment and Remedy Decisions
                                              for the list must contain the title of the              assess the nature and extent of public                 Branch, Assessment and Remediation
                                              database, and the case number assigned                  health and environmental risks                         Division, Office of Superfund
                                              to the application by the electronic                    associated with the site and to                        Remediation and Technology
                                              registration system, if any (e.g., ‘‘Title Of           determine what CERCLA-financed                         Innovation (Mailcode 5204P), U.S.
                                              Database Case Number                                    remedial action(s), if any, may be                     Environmental Protection Agency; 1200
                                              162883927239.xls’’). The photographs                    appropriate. This rule adds four sites to              Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington,
                                              and the numbered list may be uploaded                   the General Superfund section of the                   DC 20460; or the Superfund Hotline,
                                              to the electronic registration system                   NPL.                                                   phone (800) 424–9346 or (703) 412–
                                              with the permission and under the                       DATES: The document is effective on                    9810 in the Washington, DC,
                                              direction of the Visual Arts Division,                  February 20, 2018.                                     metropolitan area.
                                              preferably in a .zip file containing these              ADDRESSES: Contact information for the                 SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
                                              materials. The file size for each                       EPA Headquarters:                                      Table of Contents
                                              uploaded file must not exceed 500                          • Docket Coordinator, Headquarters;
                                              megabytes; the photographs may be                       U.S. Environmental Protection Agency;                  I. Background
                                              compressed to comply with this                          CERCLA Docket Office, 1301                                A. What are CERCLA and SARA?
                                              requirement. Alternatively, the                                                                                   B. What is the NCP?
                                                                                                      Constitution Avenue NW, William                           C. What is the National Priorities List
                                              photographs and the numbered list may                   Jefferson Clinton Building West, Room                        (NPL)?
                                              be saved on a physical storage device,                  3334, Washington, DC 20004, 202–566–                      D. How are sites listed on the NPL?
                                              such as a flash drive, CD–R, or DVD–R,                  0276.                                                     E. What happens to sites on the NPL?
                                              and delivered to the Copyright Office                      The contact information for the                        F. Does the NPL define the boundaries of
                                              together with the required shipping slip                regional dockets is as follows:                              sites?
                                              generated by the electronic registration                   • Holly Inglis, Region 1 (CT, ME, MA,                  G. How are sites removed from the NPL?
                                              system or with a paper application                      NH, RI, VT), U.S. EPA, Superfund                          H. May the EPA delete portions of sites
                                                                                                      Records and Information Center, 5 Post                       from the NPL as they are cleaned up?
                                              submitted on Form VA.                                                                                             I. What is the Construction Completion List
                                              *     *      *     *    *                               Office Square, Suite 100, Boston, MA                         (CCL)?
                                                                                                      02109–3912; 617–918–1413.                                 J. What is the Sitewide Ready for
                                                 Dated: December 19, 2017.                               • Ildefonso Acosta, Region 2 (NJ, NY,                     Anticipated Use measure?
                                              Karyn Temple Claggett,                                  PR, VI), U.S. EPA, 290 Broadway, New                      K. What is state/tribal correspondence
                                              Acting Register of Copyrights and Director              York, NY 10007–1866; 212–637–4344.                           concerning NPL Listing?
                                              of the U.S. Copyright Office.                              • Lorie Baker (ASRC), Region 3 (DE,                 II. Availability of Information to the Public
                                              Approved by:                                            DC, MD, PA, VA, WV), U.S. EPA,                            A. May I review the documents relevant to
                                              Carla D. Hayden,                                        Library, 1650 Arch Street, Mailcode                          this final rule?
                                                                                                      3HS12, Philadelphia, PA 19103; 215–                       B. What documents are available for review
                                              Librarian of Congress.
                                                                                                                                                                   at the EPA headquarters docket?
                                              [FR Doc. 2018–00687 Filed 1–17–18; 8:45 am]             814–3355.                                                 C. What documents are available for review
                                              BILLING CODE 1410–30–P
                                                                                                         • Cathy Amoroso, Region 4 (AL, FL,                        at the EPA regional dockets?
                                                                                                      GA, KY, MS, NC, SC, TN), U.S. EPA, 61                     D. How do I access the documents?
                                                                                                      Forsyth Street SW, Mailcode 9T25,                         E. How may I obtain a current list of NPL
                                                                                                      Atlanta, GA 30303; 404–562–8637.                             sites?
                                              ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION                                   • Todd Quesada, Region 5 (IL, IN, MI,               III. Contents of This Final Rule
                                              AGENCY                                                  MN, OH, WI), U.S. EPA Superfund                           A. Additions to the NPL
                                                                                                      Division Librarian/SFD Records                            B. What did the EPA do with the public
                                              40 CFR Part 300                                                                                                      comments it received?
                                                                                                      Manager SRC–7J, Metcalfe Federal
                                              [EPA–HQ–OLEM–2017–0073, 0074, 0075                                                                             IV. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews
                                                                                                      Building, 77 West Jackson Boulevard,                      A. Executive Order 12866: Regulatory
                                              and 0076; FRL–9973–00–OLEM]                             Chicago, IL 60604; 312–886–4465.                             Planning and Review and Executive
                                                                                                         • Brenda Cook, Region 6 (AR, LA,                          Order 13563: Improving Regulation and
                                              National Priorities List                                NM, OK, TX), U.S. EPA, 1445 Ross                             Regulatory Review
                                              AGENCY:  Environmental Protection                       Avenue, Suite 1200, Mailcode 6SFTS,                       B. Executive Order 13771: Reducing
                                              Agency (EPA).                                           Dallas, TX 75202–2733; 214–665–7436.                         Regulation and Controlling Regulatory
                                              ACTION: Final rule.                                        • Kumud Pyakuryal, Region 7 (IA,                          Costs
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                                                                                                      KS, MO, NE), U.S. EPA, 11201 Renner                       C. Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA)
                                              SUMMARY:   The Comprehensive                            Blvd., Mailcode SUPRSTAR, Lenexa, KS                      D. Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA)
                                              Environmental Response,                                                                                           E. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act
                                                                                                      66219; 913–551–7956.                                         (UMRA)
                                              Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980                    • Victor Ketellapper, Region 8 (CO,                    F. Executive Order 13132: Federalism
                                              (‘‘CERCLA’’ or ‘‘the Act’’), as amended,                MT, ND, SD, UT, WY), U.S. EPA, 1595                       G. Executive Order 13175: Consultation
                                              requires that the National Oil and                      Wynkoop Street, Mailcode 8EPR–B,                             and Coordination With Indian Tribal
                                              Hazardous Substances Pollution                          Denver, CO 80202–1129; 303–312–6578.                         Governments



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                                              2550             Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 12 / Thursday, January 18, 2018 / Rules and Regulations

                                                 H. Executive Order 13045: Protection of              C. What is the National Priorities List                agency policy, those sites that score
                                                    Children From Environmental Health                (NPL)?                                                 28.50 or greater on the HRS are eligible
                                                    and Safety Risks                                                                                         for the NPL. (2) Each state may
                                                 I. Executive Order 13211: Actions That                  The NPL is a list of national priorities
                                                                                                      among the known or threatened releases                 designate a single site as its top priority
                                                    Significantly Affect Energy Supply,
                                                    Distribution, or Use                              of hazardous substances, pollutants or                 to be listed on the NPL, without any
                                                 J. National Technology Transfer and                  contaminants throughout the United                     HRS score. This provision of CERCLA
                                                    Advancement Act (NTTAA)                           States. The list, which is appendix B of               requires that, to the extent practicable,
                                                 K. Executive Order 12898: Federal Actions            the NCP (40 CFR part 300), was required                the NPL include one facility designated
                                                    To Address Environmental Justice in               under section 105(a)(8)(B) of CERCLA,                  by each state as the greatest danger to
                                                    Minority Populations and Low-Income                                                                      public health, welfare or the
                                                    Populations
                                                                                                      as amended. Section 105(a)(8)(B)
                                                                                                      defines the NPL as a list of ‘‘releases’’              environment among known facilities in
                                                 L. Congressional Review Act                                                                                 the state. This mechanism for listing is
                                                                                                      and the highest priority ‘‘facilities’’ and
                                              I. Background                                           requires that the NPL be revised at least              set out in the NCP at 40 CFR
                                                                                                      annually. The NPL is intended                          300.425(c)(2). (3) The third mechanism
                                              A. What are CERCLA and SARA?                                                                                   for listing, included in the NCP at 40
                                                                                                      primarily to guide the EPA in
                                                 In 1980, Congress enacted the                        determining which sites warrant further                CFR 300.425(c)(3), allows certain sites
                                              Comprehensive Environmental                             investigation to assess the nature and                 to be listed without any HRS score, if all
                                              Response, Compensation, and Liability                   extent of public health and                            of the following conditions are met:
                                              Act, 42 U.S.C. 9601–9675 (‘‘CERCLA’’ or                 environmental risks associated with a                    • The Agency for Toxic Substances
                                              ‘‘the Act’’), in response to the dangers of             release of hazardous substances,                       and Disease Registry (ATSDR) of the
                                              uncontrolled releases or threatened                     pollutants or contaminants. The NPL is                 U.S. Public Health Service has issued a
                                              releases of hazardous substances, and                   of only limited significance, however, as              health advisory that recommends
                                              releases or substantial threats of releases             it does not assign liability to any party              dissociation of individuals from the
                                              into the environment of any pollutant or                or to the owner of any specific property.              release.
                                              contaminant that may present an                                                                                  • The EPA determines that the release
                                                                                                      Also, placing a site on the NPL does not
                                              imminent or substantial danger to the                                                                          poses a significant threat to public
                                                                                                      mean that any remedial or removal
                                              public health or welfare. CERCLA was                                                                           health.
                                                                                                      action necessarily need be taken.                        • The EPA anticipates that it will be
                                              amended on October 17, 1986, by the                        For purposes of listing, the NPL
                                              Superfund Amendments and                                                                                       more cost-effective to use its remedial
                                                                                                      includes two sections, one of sites that               authority than to use its removal
                                              Reauthorization Act (‘‘SARA’’), Public                  are generally evaluated and cleaned up
                                              Law 99–499, 100 Stat. 1613 et seq.                                                                             authority to respond to the release.
                                                                                                      by the EPA (the ‘‘General Superfund                      The EPA promulgated an original NPL
                                              B. What is the NCP?                                     section’’) and one of sites that are                   of 406 sites on September 8, 1983 (48 FR
                                                                                                      owned or operated by other federal                     40658) and generally has updated it at
                                                To implement CERCLA, the EPA                          agencies (the ‘‘Federal Facilities                     least annually.
                                              promulgated the revised National Oil                    section’’). With respect to sites in the
                                              and Hazardous Substances Pollution                      Federal Facilities section, these sites are            E. What happens to sites on the NPL?
                                              Contingency Plan (‘‘NCP’’), 40 CFR part                 generally being addressed by other                        A site may undergo remedial action
                                              300, on July 16, 1982 (47 FR 31180),                    federal agencies. Under Executive Order                financed by the Trust Fund established
                                              pursuant to CERCLA section 105 and                      12580 (52 FR 2923, January 29, 1987)                   under CERCLA (commonly referred to
                                              Executive Order 12316 (46 FR 42237,                     and CERCLA section 120, each federal                   as the ‘‘Superfund’’) only after it is
                                              August 20, 1981). The NCP sets                          agency is responsible for carrying out                 placed on the NPL, as provided in the
                                              guidelines and procedures for                           most response actions at facilities under              NCP at 40 CFR 300.425(b)(1).
                                              responding to releases and threatened                   its own jurisdiction, custody or control,              (‘‘Remedial actions’’ are those
                                              releases of hazardous substances, or                    although the EPA is responsible for                    ‘‘consistent with a permanent remedy,
                                              releases or substantial threats of releases             preparing a Hazard Ranking System                      taken instead of or in addition to
                                              into the environment of any pollutant or                (‘‘HRS’’) score and determining whether                removal actions’’ (40 CFR 300.5).
                                              contaminant that may present an                         the facility is placed on the NPL.                     However, under 40 CFR 300.425(b)(2),
                                              imminent or substantial danger to the                                                                          placing a site on the NPL ‘‘does not
                                              public health or welfare. The EPA has                   D. How are sites listed on the NPL?
                                                                                                                                                             imply that monies will be expended.’’
                                              revised the NCP on several occasions.                     There are three mechanisms for                       The EPA may pursue other appropriate
                                              The most recent comprehensive revision                  placing sites on the NPL for possible                  authorities to respond to the releases,
                                              was on March 8, 1990 (55 FR 8666).                      remedial action (see 40 CFR 300.425(c)                 including enforcement action under
                                                As required under section                             of the NCP): (1) A site may be included                CERCLA and other laws.
                                              105(a)(8)(A) of CERCLA, the NCP also                    on the NPL if it scores sufficiently high
                                              includes ‘‘criteria for determining                     on the HRS, which the EPA                              F. Does the NPL define the boundaries
                                              priorities among releases or threatened                 promulgated as appendix A of the NCP                   of sites?
                                              releases throughout the United States                   (40 CFR part 300). The HRS serves as a                    The NPL does not describe releases in
                                              for the purpose of taking remedial                      screening tool to evaluate the relative                precise geographical terms; it would be
                                              action and, to the extent practicable,                  potential of uncontrolled hazardous                    neither feasible nor consistent with the
                                              taking into account the potential                       substances, pollutants or contaminants                 limited purpose of the NPL (to identify
                                              urgency of such action, for the purpose                 to pose a threat to human health or the                releases that are priorities for further
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                                              of taking removal action.’’ ‘‘Removal’’                 environment. On December 14, 1990 (55                  evaluation), for it to do so. Indeed, the
                                              actions are defined broadly and include                 FR 51532), the EPA promulgated                         precise nature and extent of the site are
                                              a wide range of actions taken to study,                 revisions to the HRS partly in response                typically not known at the time of
                                              clean up, prevent or otherwise address                  to CERCLA section 105(c), added by                     listing.
                                              releases and threatened releases of                     SARA. The revised HRS evaluates four                      Although a CERCLA ‘‘facility’’ is
                                              hazardous substances, pollutants or                     pathways: ground water, surface water,                 broadly defined to include any area
                                              contaminants (42 U.S.C. 9601(23)).                      soil exposure and air. As a matter of                  where a hazardous substance has ‘‘come


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                                                               Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 12 / Thursday, January 18, 2018 / Rules and Regulations                                           2551

                                              to be located’’ (CERCLA section 101(9)),                the migration of the contamination.                    and to better communicate the
                                              the listing process itself is not intended              However, the HRS inquiry focuses on an                 successful completion of cleanup
                                              to define or reflect the boundaries of                  evaluation of the threat posed and                     activities (58 FR 12142, March 2, 1993).
                                              such facilities or releases. Of course,                 therefore the boundaries of the release                Inclusion of a site on the CCL has no
                                              HRS data (if the HRS is used to list a                  need not be exactly defined. Moreover,                 legal significance.
                                              site) upon which the NPL placement                      it generally is impossible to discover the               Sites qualify for the CCL when: (1)
                                              was based will, to some extent, describe                full extent of where the contamination                 Any necessary physical construction is
                                              the release(s) at issue. That is, the NPL               ‘‘has come to be located’’ before all                  complete, whether or not final cleanup
                                              site would include all releases evaluated               necessary studies and remedial work are                levels or other requirements have been
                                              as part of that HRS analysis.                           completed at a site. Indeed, the known                 achieved; (2) the EPA has determined
                                                 When a site is listed, the approach                  boundaries of the contamination can be                 that the response action should be
                                              generally used to describe the relevant                 expected to change over time. Thus, in                 limited to measures that do not involve
                                              release(s) is to delineate a geographical               most cases, it may be impossible to                    construction (e.g., institutional
                                              area (usually the area within an                        describe the boundaries of a release                   controls); or (3) the site qualifies for
                                              installation or plant boundaries) and                   with absolute certainty.                               deletion from the NPL. For more
                                              identify the site by reference to that                     Further, as noted previously, NPL                   information on the CCL, see the EPA’s
                                              area. However, the NPL site is not                      listing does not assign liability to any               internet site at https://www.epa.gov/
                                              necessarily coextensive with the                        party or to the owner of any specific                  superfund/construction-completions-
                                              boundaries of the installation or plant,                property. Thus, if a party does not                    national-priorities-list-npl-sites-number.
                                              and the boundaries of the installation or               believe it is liable for releases on                   J. What is the Sitewide Ready for
                                              plant are not necessarily the                           discrete parcels of property, it can                   Anticipated Use measure?
                                              ‘‘boundaries’’ of the site. Rather, the site            submit supporting information to the
                                              consists of all contaminated areas                      agency at any time after it receives                      The Sitewide Ready for Anticipated
                                              within the area used to identify the site,              notice it is a potentially responsible                 Use measure represents important
                                              as well as any other location where that                party.                                                 Superfund accomplishments and the
                                              contamination has come to be located,                      For these reasons, the NPL need not                 measure reflects the high priority the
                                              or from where that contamination came.                  be amended as further research reveals                 EPA places on considering anticipated
                                                 In other words, while geographic                     more information about the location of                 future land use as part of the remedy
                                              terms are often used to designate the site              the contamination or release.                          selection process. See Guidance for
                                              (e.g., the ‘‘Jones Co. Plant site’’) in terms                                                                  Implementing the Sitewide Ready-for-
                                              of the property owned by a particular                   G. How are sites removed from the NPL?                 Reuse Measure, May 24, 2006, OSWER
                                              party, the site, properly understood, is                   The EPA may delete sites from the                   9365.0–36. This measure applies to final
                                              not limited to that property (e.g., it may              NPL where no further response is                       and deleted sites where construction is
                                              extend beyond the property due to                       appropriate under Superfund, as                        complete, all cleanup goals have been
                                              contaminant migration), and conversely                  explained in the NCP at 40 CFR                         achieved, and all institutional or other
                                              may not occupy the full extent of the                   300.425(e). This section also provides                 controls are in place. The EPA has been
                                              property (e.g., where there are                         that the EPA shall consult with states on              successful on many occasions in
                                              uncontaminated parts of the identified                  proposed deletions and shall consider                  carrying out remedial actions that
                                              property, they may not be, strictly                     whether any of the following criteria                  ensure protectiveness of human health
                                              speaking, part of the ‘‘site’’). The ‘‘site’’           have been met:                                         and the environment for current and
                                              is thus neither equal to, nor confined by,                 (i) Responsible parties or other                    future land uses, in a manner that
                                              the boundaries of any specific property                 persons have implemented all                           allows contaminated properties to be
                                              that may give the site its name, and the                appropriate response actions required;                 restored to environmental and economic
                                              name itself should not be read to imply                    (ii) All appropriate Superfund-                     vitality. For further information, please
                                              that this site is coextensive with the                  financed response has been                             go to https://www.epa.gov/superfund/
                                              entire area within the property                         implemented and no further response                    about-superfund-cleanup-process#tab-9.
                                              boundary of the installation or plant. In               action is required; or
                                              addition, the site name is merely used                                                                         K. What is state/tribal correspondence
                                                                                                         (iii) The remedial investigation has                concerning NPL listing?
                                              to help identify the geographic location                shown the release poses no significant
                                              of the contamination, and is not meant                  threat to public health or the                            In order to maintain close
                                              to constitute any determination of                      environment, and taking of remedial                    coordination with states and tribes in
                                              liability at a site. For example, the name              measures is not appropriate.                           the NPL listing decision process, the
                                              ‘‘Jones Co. plant site,’’ does not imply                                                                       EPA’s policy is to determine the
                                              that the Jones Company is responsible                   H. May the EPA delete portions of sites                position of the states and tribes
                                              for the contamination located on the                    from the NPL as they are cleaned up?                   regarding sites that the EPA is
                                              plant site.                                               In November 1995, the EPA initiated                  considering for listing. This
                                                 EPA regulations provide that the                     a policy to delete portions of NPL sites               consultation process is outlined in two
                                              remedial investigation (‘‘RI’’) ‘‘is a                  where cleanup is complete (60 FR                       memoranda that can be found at the
                                              process undertaken . . . to determine                   55465, November 1, 1995). Total site                   following website: https://www.epa.gov/
                                              the nature and extent of the problem                    cleanup may take many years, while                     superfund/statetribal-correspondence-
                                              presented by the release’’ as more                      portions of the site may have been                     concerning-npl-site-listing.
                                              information is developed on site                        cleaned up and made available for                         The EPA has improved the
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                                              contamination, and which is generally                   productive use.                                        transparency of the process by which
                                              performed in an interactive fashion with                                                                       state and tribal input is solicited. The
                                              the feasibility study (‘‘FS’’) (40 CFR                  I. What is the Construction Completion                 EPA is using the Web and where
                                              300.5). During the RI/FS process, the                   List (CCL)?                                            appropriate more structured state and
                                              release may be found to be larger or                       The EPA also has developed an NPL                   tribal correspondence that (1) explains
                                              smaller than was originally thought, as                 construction completion list (‘‘CCL’’) to              the concerns at the site and the EPA’s
                                              more is learned about the source(s) and                 simplify its system of categorizing sites              rationale for proceeding; (2) requests an


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                                              2552                  Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 12 / Thursday, January 18, 2018 / Rules and Regulations

                                              explanation of how the state intends to                                 semspub.epa.gov/src/document/HQ/                                           located both at the EPA headquarters
                                              address the site if placement on the NPL                                174024.                                                                    and in the EPA regional offices. An
                                              is not favored; and (3) emphasizes the                                                                                                             electronic version of the public docket
                                              transparent nature of the process by                                    II. Availability of Information to the                                     is available through https://
                                              informing states that information on                                    Public                                                                     www.regulations.gov (see table below
                                              their responses will be publicly                                        A. May I review the documents relevant                                     for docket identification numbers).
                                              available.                                                              to this final rule?                                                        Although not all docket materials may
                                                 A model letter and correspondence                                                                                                               be available electronically, you may still
                                              between the EPA and states and tribes                                     Yes, documents relating to the                                           access any of the publicly available
                                              where applicable, is available on the                                   evaluation and scoring of the sites in                                     docket materials through the docket
                                              EPA’s website at http://                                                this final rule are contained in dockets                                   facilities identified in section II.D.

                                                                                                                   DOCKET IDENTIFICATION NUMBERS BY SITE
                                                                             Site name                                                                         City/county, state                                                     Docket ID No.

                                              Newark South Ground Water Plume .............................                       Newark, DE ...................................................................         EPA–HQ–OLEM–2017–0073
                                              American Creosote DeRidder ........................................                 DeRidder, LA .................................................................         EPA–HQ–OLEM–2017–0074
                                              Mississippi Phosphates Corporation ..............................                   Pascagoula, MS ............................................................            EPA–HQ–OLEM–2017–0075
                                              Eagle Industries .............................................................      Midwest City, OK ...........................................................           EPA–HQ–OLEM–2017–0076



                                              B. What documents are available for                                     calculating or evaluating the HRS score.                                   E. How may I obtain a current list of
                                              review at the EPA headquarters docket?                                  These reference documents are available                                    NPL sites?
                                                                                                                      only in the regional dockets.                                                 You may obtain a current list of NPL
                                                The headquarters docket for this rule
                                              contains the HRS score sheets, the                                      D. How do I access the documents?                                          sites via the internet at https://
                                              documentation record describing the                                                                                                                www.epa.gov/superfund/national-
                                              information used to compute the score                                     You may view the documents, by                                           priorities-list-npl-sites-site-name or by
                                              and a list of documents referenced in                                   appointment only, after the publication                                    contacting the Superfund docket (see
                                              the documentation record for each site.                                 of this rule. The hours of operation for                                   contact information in the beginning
                                                                                                                      the headquarters docket are from 8:30                                      portion of this document).
                                              C. What documents are available for                                     a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Monday through
                                              review at the EPA regional dockets?                                                                                                                III. Contents of This Final Rule
                                                                                                                      Friday, excluding federal holidays.
                                                The EPA regional dockets contain all                                  Please contact the regional dockets for                                    A. Additions to the NPL
                                              the information in the headquarters                                     hours. For addresses for the                                                  This final rule adds the following four
                                              docket, plus the actual reference                                       headquarters and regional dockets, see                                     sites to the General Superfund section of
                                              documents containing the data                                           ADDRESSES section in the beginning                                         the NPL. These sites are being added to
                                              principally relied upon by the EPA in                                   portion of this preamble.                                                  the NPL based on HRS score.
                                                                                                                             GENERAL SUPERFUND SECTION
                                                      State                                                                                       Site name                                                                                     City/county

                                              DE .....................   Newark South Ground Water Plume .................................................................................................................                    Newark.
                                              LA .....................   American Creosote DeRidder ...........................................................................................................................               DeRidder.
                                              MS ....................    Mississippi Phosphates Corporation .................................................................................................................                 Pascagoula.
                                              OK .....................   Eagle Industries .................................................................................................................................................   Midwest City.



                                              B. What did the EPA do with the public                                  Water Plume site. One resident that                                        proposed NPL addition. The EPA will
                                              comments it received?                                                   lives in Newark supported the EPA’s                                        be communicating with those groups
                                                                                                                      efforts to clean up the site. The other                                    directly to answer their questions.
                                                The EPA is adding four sites to the
                                              NPL in this final rule. All four sites                                  comment was a resolution passed by the
                                                                                                                                                                                                 IV. Statutory and Executive Order
                                              were proposed for NPL addition on                                       Newark City Council in support of NPL
                                                                                                                                                                                                 Reviews
                                              August 3, 2017 (82 FR 36106). The sites                                 listing. The Newark South Ground
                                              are: Newark South Ground Water Plume                                    Water Plume docket also received one                                         Additional information about these
                                              in Newark, DE; American Creosote                                        comment that was unrelated to the                                          statutes and Executive Orders can be
                                              DeRidder in DeRidder, LA; Mississippi                                   proposed NPL listing.                                                      found at https://www.epa.gov/laws-
                                              Phosphates Corporation in Pascagoula,                                      The EPA received nine comments in                                       regulations/laws-and-executive-orders.
                                              MS; and, Eagle Industries in Midwest                                    support of the Mississippi Phosphates                                      A. Executive Order 12866: Regulatory
                                              City, OK.                                                               Corporation site. Seven of those                                           Planning and Review and Executive
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                                                The EPA received no comments on                                       comments were submitted from local                                         Order 13563: Improving Regulation and
                                              the American Creosote DeRidder site.                                    citizens. Two comments that were                                           Regulatory Review
                                              One comment was submitted to the                                        submitted by local environmental
                                              Eagle Industries site docket, but that                                  groups expressed support for the                                             This action is not a significant
                                              comment was unrelated to the site.                                      addition of the site to the NPL and                                        regulatory action and was therefore not
                                                Two comments were received in                                         requested responses from the EPA on                                        submitted to the Office of Management
                                              support of the Newark South Ground                                      questions that did not pertain to the                                      and Budget (OMB) for review.


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                                                               Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 12 / Thursday, January 18, 2018 / Rules and Regulations                                            2553

                                              B. Executive Order 13771: Reducing                      G. Executive Order 13175: Consultation                 not assign liability to any party. Also,
                                              Regulation and Controlling Regulatory                   and Coordination With Indian Tribal                    placing a site on the NPL does not mean
                                              Costs                                                   Governments                                            that any remedial or removal action
                                                                                                        This action does not have tribal                     necessarily need be taken.
                                                This action is not an Executive Order
                                                                                                      implications as specified in Executive                 L. Congressional Review Act
                                              13771 regulatory action because this
                                                                                                      Order 13175. Listing a site on the NPL
                                              action is not significant under Executive                                                                        This action is subject to the CRA, and
                                                                                                      does not impose any costs on a tribe or
                                              Order 12866.                                                                                                   the EPA will submit a rule report to
                                                                                                      require a tribe to take remedial action.
                                              C. Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA)                        Thus, Executive Order 13175 does not                   each House of the Congress and to the
                                                                                                      apply to this action.                                  Comptroller General of the United
                                                This action does not impose an                                                                               States. This action is not a ‘‘major rule’’
                                              information collection burden under the                 H. Executive Order 13045: Protection of                as defined by 5 U.S.C. 804(2).
                                              PRA. This rule does not contain any                     Children From Environmental Health                       Provisions of the Congressional
                                              information collection requirements that                and Safety Risks                                       Review Act (CRA) or section 305 of
                                              require approval of the OMB.                               The EPA interprets Executive Order                  CERCLA may alter the effective date of
                                                                                                      13045 as applying only to those                        this regulation. Under 5 U.S.C.
                                              D. Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA)                     regulatory actions that concern                        801(b)(1), a rule shall not take effect, or
                                                                                                      environmental health or safety risks that              continue in effect, if Congress enacts
                                                 I certify that this action will not have
                                                                                                      the EPA has reason to believe may                      (and the President signs) a joint
                                              a significant economic impact on a
                                                                                                      disproportionately affect children, per                resolution of disapproval, described
                                              substantial number of small entities
                                                                                                      the definition of ‘‘covered regulatory                 under section 802. Another statutory
                                              under the RFA. This action will not
                                                                                                      action’’ in section 2–202 of the                       provision that may affect this rule is
                                              impose any requirements on small
                                                                                                      Executive Order. This action is not                    CERCLA section 305, which provides
                                              entities. This rule listing sites on the
                                                                                                      subject to Executive Order 13045                       for a legislative veto of regulations
                                              NPL does not impose any obligations on                  because this action itself is procedural               promulgated under CERCLA. Although
                                              any group, including small entities. This               in nature (adds sites to a list) and does              INS v. Chadha, 462 U.S. 919,103 S. Ct.
                                              rule also does not establish standards or               not, in and of itself, provide protection              2764 (1983), and Bd. of Regents of the
                                              requirements that any small entity must                 from environmental health and safety                   University of Washington v. EPA, 86
                                              meet, and imposes no direct costs on                    risks. Separate future regulatory actions              F.3d 1214,1222 (DC Cir. 1996), cast the
                                              any small entity. Whether an entity,                    are required for mitigation of                         validity of the legislative veto into
                                              small or otherwise, is liable for response              environmental health and safety risks.                 question, the EPA has transmitted a
                                              costs for a release of hazardous                                                                               copy of this regulation to the Secretary
                                              substances depends on whether that                      I. Executive Order 13211: Actions That
                                                                                                      Significantly Affect Energy Supply,                    of the Senate and the Clerk of the House
                                              entity is liable under CERCLA 107(a).                                                                          of Representatives.
                                              Any such liability exists regardless of                 Distribution, or Use
                                                                                                                                                                If action by Congress under either the
                                              whether the site is listed on the NPL                      This action is not subject to Executive             CRA or CERCLA section 305 calls the
                                              through this rulemaking.                                Order 13211, because it is not a                       effective date of this regulation into
                                                                                                      significant regulatory action under                    question, the EPA will publish a
                                              E. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act                         Executive Order 12866.
                                              (UMRA)                                                                                                         document of clarification in the Federal
                                                                                                      J. National Technology Transfer and                    Register.
                                                 This action does not contain any                     Advancement Act (NTTAA)
                                              unfunded mandate as described in                                                                               List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 300
                                                                                                         This rulemaking does not involve
                                              UMRA, 2 U.S.C. 1531–1538, and does                                                                               Environmental protection, Air
                                                                                                      technical standards.
                                              not significantly or uniquely affect small                                                                     pollution control, Chemicals, Hazardous
                                              governments. This action imposes no                     K. Executive Order 12898: Federal                      substances, Hazardous waste,
                                              enforceable duty on any state, local or                 Actions To Address Environmental                       Intergovernmental relations, Natural
                                              tribal governments or the private sector.               Justice in Minority Populations and                    resources, Oil pollution, Penalties,
                                              Listing a site on the NPL does not itself               Low-Income Populations                                 Reporting and recordkeeping
                                              impose any costs. Listing does not mean                   The EPA believes the human health or                 requirements, Superfund, Water
                                              that the EPA necessarily will undertake                 environmental risk addressed by this                   pollution control, Water supply.
                                              remedial action. Nor does listing require               action will not have potential                           Dated: January 9, 2018.
                                              any action by a private party, state, local             disproportionately high and adverse                    Barry N. Breen,
                                              or tribal governments or determine                      human health or environmental effects                  Principal Deputy Assistant Administrator,
                                              liability for response costs. Costs that                on minority, low-income or indigenous                  Office of Land and Emergency Management.
                                              arise out of site responses result from                 populations because it does not affect
                                              future site-specific decisions regarding                                                                         40 CFR part 300 is amended as
                                                                                                      the level of protection provided to
                                              what actions to take, not directly from                                                                        follows:
                                                                                                      human health or the environment. As
                                              the act of placing a site on the NPL.                   discussed in Section I.C. of the                       PART 300—NATIONAL OIL AND
                                              F. Executive Order 13132: Federalism                    preamble to this action, the NPL is a list             HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES
                                                                                                      of national priorities. The NPL is                     POLLUTION CONTINGENCY PLAN
                                                This final rule does not have                         intended primarily to guide the EPA in
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                                              federalism implications. It will not have               determining which sites warrant further                ■ 1. The authority citation for part 300
                                              substantial direct effects on the states,               investigation to assess the nature and                 continues to read as follows:
                                              on the relationship between the national                extent of public health and                              Authority: 33 U.S.C. 1321(d); 42 U.S.C.
                                              government and the states, or on the                    environmental risks associated with a                  9601–9657; E.O. 13626, 77 FR 56749, 3 CFR,
                                              distribution of power and                               release of hazardous substances,                       2013 Comp., p. 306; E.O. 12777, 56 FR 54757,
                                              responsibilities among the various                      pollutants or contaminants. The NPL is                 3 CFR, 1991 Comp., p.351; E.O. 12580, 52 FR
                                              levels of government.                                   of only limited significance as it does                2923, 3 CFR, 1987 Comp., p. 193.



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                                              2554                  Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 12 / Thursday, January 18, 2018 / Rules and Regulations

                                              ■ 2. Table 1 of appendix B to part 300                                ‘‘Mississippi Phosphates Corporation’’,                             Appendix B to Part 300—National
                                              is amended by adding the entries                                      and ‘‘Eagle Industries’’ in alphabetical                            Priorities List
                                              ‘‘Newark South Ground Water Plume’’,                                  order by state to read as follows:
                                              ‘‘American Creosote DeRidder’’,

                                                                                                                  TABLE 1—GENERAL SUPERFUND SECTION
                                                      State                                                         Site name                                                                 City/county                      Notes a


                                                          *                       *                  *                             *                                               *                       *                     *
                                              DE .....................   Newark South Ground Water Plume .....................................................                    Newark.

                                                          *                        *                  *                                 *                                          *                       *                     *
                                              LA .....................   American Creosote DeRidder ...............................................................               DeRidder.

                                                         *                          *                  *                              *                                            *                       *                     *
                                              MS ....................    Mississippi Phosphates Corporation .....................................................                 Pascagoula.

                                                          *                        *                              *                                 *                              *                       *                     *
                                              OK .....................   Eagle Industries .....................................................................................   Midwest City.

                                                           *                             *                             *                              *                            *                       *                     *
                                                  a
                                                  = Based on issuance of health advisory by Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (if scored, HRS score need not be greater
                                              than or equal to 28.50).


                                              *       *        *         *       *                                  transition.fcc.gov/Daily_Releases/Daily_                            II. Introduction
                                              [FR Doc. 2018–00619 Filed 1–17–18; 8:45 am]                           Business/2017/db0906/FCC-17-                                          4. In the Order, we reduce
                                              BILLING CODE 6560–50–P                                                111A1.pdf.                                                          expenditures by the Commission and
                                                                                                                    I. Administrative Matters                                           modernize procedures by amending
                                                                                                                                                                                        section 1.1105 of our rules, 47 CFR
                                              FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS                                                A. Final Regulatory Flexibility Analysis                            1.1105, which sets forth the application
                                              COMMISSION                                                                                                                                fee for petitions filed with the FCC’s
                                                                                                                      1. Section 603 of the Regulatory
                                                                                                                                                                                        Wireline Competition Bureau (WCB), to
                                              47 CFR Parts 0, 1, 51, and 61                                         Flexibility Act, as amended, requires a                             reflect the closure of the post office
                                              [MD Docket No. 17–357; FCC 17–159]                                    regulatory flexibility analysis in notice                           (P.O.) Box 1 used for manual filings with
                                                                                                                    and comment rulemaking proceedings.                                 WCB. We require the use of an
                                              Closure of FCC Lockbox 979091 Used                                    See 5 U.S.C. 603(a). As we are adopting                             electronic payment system and,
                                              To File Fees, Tariffs, Petitions, and                                 these rules without notice and                                      wherever possible, electronic filing.
                                              Applications for Services Related to                                  comment, no regulatory flexibility                                  Consistent with this change, we also
                                              the Wireline Competition Bureau                                       analysis is required.                                               make conforming revisions to sections
                                              AGENCY:  Federal Communications                                       B. Final Paperwork Reduction Act of                                 0.401, 1.49, 1.51, 1.52, 1.742, 1.1105,
                                              Commission.                                                                                                                               1.1111–1.1113, 1.1119, 51.329(c)(2),
                                                                                                                    1995 Analysis
                                                                                                                                                                                        61.13, 61.14, 61.17(d), and 61.20(b) of
                                              ACTION: Final rule.
                                                                                                                      2. This document does not contain                                 the Commission’s rules, to account for
                                              SUMMARY:    In this document, the Federal                             new or modified information collection                              electronic filing of fees, tariffs, petitions,
                                              Communications Commission (FCC or                                     requirements subject to the Paperwork                               and applications with the WCB, as
                                              Commission) adopted an Order that                                     Reduction Act of 1995 (PRA), Public                                 described more fully below.
                                              closes Lockbox 979091 and modifies the                                Law 104–13. In addition, therefore, it                                5. Section 1.1105 of the Commission’s
                                              relevant rule provisions of filing and                                does not contain any new or modified                                rules, 47 CFR 1.1105, has provided a
                                              making fee payments in lieu of closing                                information collection burden for small                             schedule of processing fees for
                                              the lockbox.                                                                                                                              applications, tariffs, and petitions
                                                                                                                    business concerns with fewer than 25
                                              DATES: Effective on February 20, 2018.                                                                                                    processed by the WCB. The rule had
                                                                                                                    employees, pursuant to the Small
                                                                                                                                                                                        also directed filers, who do not utilize
                                              FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:                                      Business Paperwork Relief Act of 2002,
                                                                                                                                                                                        the Commission’s on-line filing and fee
                                              Roland Helvajian, Office of Managing                                  Public Law 107–198, see 44 U.S.C.                                   payment systems, to send manual filings
                                              Director at (202) 418–0444.                                           3506(c)(4).                                                         and payments to P.O. Box 979091 at
                                              SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: This is a                                                                                                      U.S. Bank in St. Louis, Missouri.
                                                                                                                    C. Congressional Review Act
                                              summary of the Commission’s Order,                                                                                                          6. The Commission has reduced its
                                              FCC 17–159, MD Docket No. 17–357,                                        3. The Commission will not send a                                use of P.O. Boxes for the collection of
                                              adopted on December 1, 2017 and                                       copy of the Order pursuant to the                                   fees and encouraged the use of
                                              released on December 18, 2017. The full                               Congressional Review Act, see 5 U.S.C.
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                                              text of this document is available for                                801(a)(1)(A), because the adopted rules                               1 A P.O. Box used for the collection of fees is
                                              public inspection and copying during                                  are rules of agency organization,                                   referred to as a ‘‘lockbox’’ in our rules and other
                                              normal business hours in the FCC                                                                                                          Commission documents. The FCC collects
                                                                                                                    procedure, or practice that do not                                  application processing fees using a series of P.O.
                                              Reference Center (Room CY–A257), 445
                                                                                                                    ‘‘substantially affect the rights or                                Boxes located at U.S. Bank in St. Louis, Missouri.
                                              12th Street SW, Washington, DC 20554,                                                                                                     See 47 CFR 1.1101–1.1109 (setting forth the fee
                                              or by downloading the text from the                                   obligations of non-agency parties. See 5
                                                                                                                                                                                        schedule for each type of application remittable to
                                              Commission’s website at http://                                       U.S.C. 804(3)(C).                                                   the Commission along with the correct lockbox).



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Document Created: 2018-01-18 00:42:24
Document Modified: 2018-01-18 00:42:24
CategoryRegulatory Information
CollectionFederal Register
sudoc ClassAE 2.7:
GS 4.107:
AE 2.106:
PublisherOffice of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Administration
SectionRules and Regulations
ActionFinal rule.
DatesThe document is effective on February 20, 2018.
ContactTerry Jeng, phone: (703) 603-8852, email: [email protected] Site Assessment and Remedy Decisions Branch, Assessment and Remediation Division, Office of Superfund Remediation and Technology Innovation (Mailcode 5204P), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20460; or the Superfund Hotline, phone (800) 424-9346 or (703) 412-9810 in the Washington, DC, metropolitan area.
FR Citation83 FR 2549 

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