83_FR_28642 83 FR 28523 - Almonds Grown in California; Revision to the Adjusted Kernel Weight Computation

83 FR 28523 - Almonds Grown in California; Revision to the Adjusted Kernel Weight Computation

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
Agricultural Marketing Service

Federal Register Volume 83, Issue 119 (June 20, 2018)

Page Range28523-28526
FR Document2018-13272

This final rule implements a recommendation from the Almond Board of California (Board) to revise the adjusted kernel weight computation currently prescribed under the Marketing Order for almonds grown in California. In addition, this action allows adjustments to the calculated percentages for foreign material, excess moisture, or inedible kernels so that the sum of the percentages for the specified measurements equals 100 percent.

Federal Register, Volume 83 Issue 119 (Wednesday, June 20, 2018)
[Federal Register Volume 83, Number 119 (Wednesday, June 20, 2018)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 28523-28526]
From the Federal Register Online  [www.thefederalregister.org]
[FR Doc No: 2018-13272]


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DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

Agricultural Marketing Service

7 CFR Part 981

[Doc. No. AMS-SC-17-0084; SC18-981-1 FR]


Almonds Grown in California; Revision to the Adjusted Kernel 
Weight Computation

AGENCY: Agricultural Marketing Service, USDA.

ACTION: Final rule.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

SUMMARY: This final rule implements a recommendation from the Almond 
Board of California (Board) to revise the adjusted kernel weight 
computation currently prescribed under the Marketing Order for almonds 
grown in California. In addition, this action allows adjustments to the 
calculated percentages for foreign material, excess moisture, or 
inedible kernels so that the sum of the percentages for the specified 
measurements equals 100 percent.

DATES: Effective July 20, 2018.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Andrea Ricci, Marketing Specialist, or 
Jeffrey Smutny, Regional Director, California Marketing Field Office, 
Marketing Order and Agreement Division, Specialty Crops Program, AMS, 
USDA; Telephone: (559) 487-5901, Fax: (559) 487-5906, or Email: 
[email protected] or [email protected].
    Small businesses may request information on complying with this 
regulation by contacting Richard Lower, Marketing Order and Agreement 
Division, Specialty Crops Program, AMS, USDA, 1400 Independence Avenue 
SW, STOP 0237, Washington, DC 20250-0237; Telephone: (202) 720-2491, 
Fax: (202) 720-8938, or Email: [email protected].

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: This final rule, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 553, 
amends regulations issued to carry out a marketing order as defined in 
7 CFR 900.2(j). This final rule is issued under Marketing Order No. 
981, as amended (7 CFR part 981), regulating the handling of almonds 
grown in California. Part 981 (referred to as the ``Order'') is 
effective under the Agricultural Marketing Agreement Act of 1937, as 
amended (7 U.S.C. 601-674), hereinafter referred to as the ``Act.'' The 
Board locally administers the Order and is comprised of growers and 
handlers operating within California.
    The Department of Agriculture (USDA) is issuing this final rule in 
conformance with Executive Orders 13563 and 13175. This action falls 
within a category of regulatory actions that the Office of Management 
and Budget (OMB) exempted from Executive Order 12866 review. 
Additionally, because this final rule does not meet the definition of a 
significant regulatory action, it does not trigger the requirements 
contained in Executive Order 13771. See OMB's Memorandum titled 
``Interim Guidance Implementing Section 2 of the Executive Order of 
January 30, 2017, titled `Reducing Regulation and Controlling 
Regulatory Costs' '' (February 2, 2017).
    This final rule has been reviewed under Executive Order 12988, 
Civil Justice Reform. This final rule is not intended to have 
retroactive effect.
    The Act provides that administrative proceedings must be exhausted 
before parties may file suit in court. Under section 608c(15)(A) of the 
Act, any handler subject to an order may file with USDA a petition 
stating that the order, any provision of the order, or any obligation 
imposed in connection with the order is not in accordance with law and 
request a modification of the order or to be exempted therefrom. A 
handler is afforded the opportunity for a hearing on the petition. 
After the hearing, USDA would rule on the petition. The Act provides 
that the district court of the United States in any district in which 
the handler is an inhabitant, or has his or her principal place of 
business, has jurisdiction to review USDA's ruling on the petition, 
provided an action is filed not later than 20 days after the date of 
the entry of the ruling.
    This final rule changes the way adjusted kernel weight is expressed 
by requiring calculation of percentages for specified measurements to 
round the decimal to the nearest thousandth rather than the current 
hundredth. In addition, this final rule allows adjustments to the 
calculated percentages for foreign material, excess moisture, or 
inedible kernels so that the sum of the percentages for the specified 
measurements equals 100 percent. The Board unanimously recommended 
these

[[Page 28524]]

changes at its December 4, 2017, meeting.
    Section 981.42 provides authority for quality control regulations. 
Paragraph (a) of that section requires that each handler shall have the 
inspection agency determine the percentage of inedible kernels received 
by that handler and report such determination to the Board.
    Section 981.442(a)(1) prescribes that each handler shall have a 
representative sample drawn from each lot of any variety of incoming 
almonds that the handler receives. Section 981.442(a)(3) prescribes 
that each such sample shall be analyzed by or under surveillance of the 
Federal-State Inspection Service (or, when specifically designated, the 
Federal Inspection Service) to determine the kernel content and the 
portion of inedible kernels in the sample. The inspection agency 
prepares a report showing, among other things, the total adjusted 
kernel weight. This report is submitted by the inspection agency to the 
Board and the handler.
    Section 981.401(a) defines adjusted kernel weight. Section 
981.401(b) provides examples of the computation that is used to 
determine adjusted kernel weight. This computation includes a 
calculation of percentages for specified measurements of edible 
kernels, inedible kernels, foreign material, and excess moisture. The 
table of examples contained in Sec.  981.401(b) shows percentages 
rounded to the nearest tenth and the nearest hundredth decimal place. 
However, in practice, the calculated percentages are currently being 
rounded to the nearest hundredth decimal place.
    Currently, the inspection agency utilizes a computer-based database 
program that computes and totals the percentages for the specified 
measurements. As part of the program's computation process, it 
automatically makes adjustments, when needed, so that the total of the 
percentages equals 100 percent. This program has been used for several 
years, and the industry is accustomed to receiving reports from the 
inspection agency that show the 100-percent summed total.
    In early 2017, the USDA inspection service began testing a new web-
based program that will replace the computer-based program described 
above. During this testing, USDA discovered that, due to the rounding 
method used by the new program, the sum of the percentages occasionally 
did not equal 100 percent. It was further determined during testing 
that having the new program round the decimal to the nearest 
thousandth, rather than the nearest hundredth as currently provided in 
the Order, would produce more accurate results.
    The new program also makes automatic minor adjustments to the 
percentage computations for foreign material, excess moisture, or 
inedible kernels so that the sum of the percentages always equals 100 
percent. This allowance for automatic adjustments of these specified 
measurements aligns with industry practice that has existed for many 
years.
    As a result of these test results, the Board determined that 
rounding the decimal to the nearest thousandth rather than the current 
hundredth provides a more accurate computed percentage. In addition, 
allowing the program to make adjustments to the calculated percentages 
for foreign material, excess moisture, or inedible kernels aligns the 
requirements under the Order with current industry practices, ensuring 
the continuance of longstanding reporting practices and transparency in 
the program.

Final Regulatory Flexibility Analysis

    Pursuant to requirements set forth in the Regulatory Flexibility 
Act (RFA) (5 U.S.C. 601-612), the Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS) 
has considered the economic impact of this rule on small entities. 
Accordingly, AMS has prepared this final regulatory flexibility 
analysis.
    The purpose of the RFA is to fit regulatory actions to the scale of 
businesses subject to such actions in order that small businesses will 
not be unduly or disproportionately burdened. Marketing orders issued 
pursuant to the Act, and rules issued thereunder, are unique in that 
they are brought about through group action of essentially small 
entities acting on their own behalf.
    There are approximately 6,800 almond growers in the production area 
and approximately 100 almond handlers subject to regulation under the 
Order. Small agricultural service firms are defined by the Small 
Business Administration (SBA) as those having annual receipts of less 
than $7,500,000, and small agricultural producers are defined as those 
having annual receipts of less than $750,000 (13 CFR 121.201).
    The National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) reported in its 
most recent (2012) Agricultural Census that there were 6,841 almond 
farms in the production area (California), of which 6,204 had bearing 
acres. The following computation provides an estimate of the proportion 
of agricultural producers (farms) and agricultural service firms 
(handlers) that would be considered small under the SBA definitions.
    The NASS Census data indicates that out of the 6,204 California 
farms with bearing acres of almonds, 4,471 (72 percent) have fewer than 
100 bearing acres.
    For the almond industry's most recently reported crop year (2016), 
NASS reported an average yield of 2,280 pounds per acre and a season 
average grower price of $2.44 per pound. A 100-acre farm with an 
average yield of 2,280 pounds per acre would produce about 228,000 
pounds of almonds. At $2.44 per pound, that farm's production would be 
valued at $556,320. The Census of Agriculture indicates that the 
majority of California's almond farms are smaller than 100 acres; 
therefore, it could be concluded that the majority of growers had 
annual receipts from the sale of almonds in 2016-17 of less than 
$556,320, which is below the SBA threshold of $750,000. Thus, over 70 
percent of California's almond growers would be classified as small 
growers according to SBA's definition.
    To estimate the proportion of almond handlers that would be 
considered small businesses, it was assumed that the unit value per 
shelled pound of almonds exported in a particular year could serve as a 
representative almond price at the handler level. A unit value for a 
commodity is the value of exports divided by the quantity. Data from 
the Global Agricultural Trade System database of USDA's Foreign 
Agricultural Service showed that the value of almond exports from 
August 2016 to July 2017 (combining shelled and inshell almonds) was 
$4.072 billion. The quantity of almond exports over that time period 
was 1.406 billion pounds, combining shelled exports and the shelled 
equivalent of inshell exports. Dividing the export value by the 
quantity yields a unit value of $2.90 per pound. Subtracting this 
figure from the NASS 2016 estimate of season average grower price per 
pound ($2.44) yields $0.46 per pound as a representative grower-handler 
margin. Applying the $2.90 representative handler price per pound to 
2016-17 handler shipment quantities provided by the Board showed that 
approximately 40 percent of California's almond handlers shipped 
almonds valued under $7,500,000 during the 2016-17 crop year and would 
therefore be considered small handlers according to the SBA definition.
    This final rule revises the adjusted kernel weight computation in 
Sec.  981.401 by requiring calculation of the percentages for specified 
measurements to round the decimal to the nearest thousandth rather than 
the current hundredth. In addition, this action

[[Page 28525]]

allows adjustments to the calculated percentages for foreign material, 
excess moisture, or inedible kernels so that the sum of the percentages 
for the specified measurements equals 100 percent. Requiring rounding 
of the decimal to the nearest thousandth provides for a more accurate 
computed percentage. In addition, allowing adjustments to the foreign 
material, excess moisture, or inedible kernel measurements aligns the 
Order with current industry practices, ensuring the continuance of 
longstanding reporting practices and transparency in the program. 
Authority for this action is provided in Sec.  981.42(a). The Board 
recommended this action at a meeting on December 4, 2017.
    It is not anticipated that this action would impose additional 
costs on handlers or growers, regardless of size. The changes are 
intended to align provisions of the Order with current industry 
practices. This final rule is not expected to change handler inspection 
costs, as handlers are currently required to have all lots inspected to 
determine kernel content.
    The Board considered alternatives to this action, including not 
changing the current computation procedures. Prior to this 
recommendation, the Board's Almond Quality, Food Safety and Services 
Committee (Committee) reviewed the program, surveyed handlers, and 
determined that not changing the computation procedures to align with 
current industry practices would cause disruption in the industry. 
Therefore, the Committee unanimously recommended this action to the 
Board at a meeting on November 16, 2017.
    In accordance with the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C. 
Chapter 35), the Order's information collection requirements have been 
previously approved by OMB and assigned OMB No. 0581-0178 (Vegetable 
and Specialty Crops). No changes are necessary in those requirements as 
a result of this action. Should any changes become necessary, they 
would be submitted to OMB for approval.
    This final rule imposes no additional reporting or recordkeeping 
requirements on either small or large almond handlers. As with all 
Federal marketing order programs, reports and forms are periodically 
reviewed to reduce information requirements and duplication by industry 
and public sector agencies.
    AMS is committed to complying with the E-Government Act, to promote 
the use of the internet and other information technologies to provide 
increased opportunities for citizen access to Government information 
and services, and for other purposes.
    USDA has not identified any relevant Federal rules that duplicate, 
overlap or conflict with this final rule.
    Further, the Board's meeting was widely publicized throughout the 
almond industry, and all interested persons were invited to attend the 
meeting and participate in Board deliberations. Like all Board 
meetings, the December 4, 2017, meeting was a public meeting, and all 
entities, both large and small, were able to express their views on 
this issue.
    Also, the Board has a number of appointed committees to review 
certain issues and make recommendations to the Board. The Committee met 
on November 16, 2017, and discussed this issue in detail. That meeting 
was also a public meeting, and both large and small entities were able 
to participate and express their views.
    A proposed rule concerning this action was published in the Federal 
Register on April 20, 2018 (83 FR 17506). Copies of the rule were made 
available to all members of the Board and all California almond growers 
and handlers. Finally, the rule was made available through the internet 
by USDA and the Office of the Federal Register. A 30-day comment period 
ending May 21, 2018, was provided to allow interested persons to 
respond to the proposal. No comments were received. Accordingly, no 
changes will be made to the rule as proposed.
    A small business guide on complying with fruit, vegetable, and 
specialty crop marketing agreements and orders may be viewed at: http://www.ams.usda.gov/rules-regulations/moa/small-businesses. Any questions 
about the compliance guide should be sent to Richard Lower at the 
previously mentioned address in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT 
section.
    After consideration of all relevant matters presented, including 
the information and recommendation submitted by the Board and other 
available information, it is hereby found that this rule, as 
hereinafter set forth, will tend to effectuate the declared policy of 
the Act.

List of Subjects in 7 CFR Part 981

    Almonds, Marketing agreements, Nuts, Reporting and recordkeeping 
requirements.

    For the reasons set forth in the preamble, 7 CFR part 981 is 
amended as follows:

PART 981--ALMONDS GROWN IN CALIFORNIA

0
1. The authority citation for 7 CFR part 981 continues to read as 
follows:

    Authority: 7 U.S.C. 601-674.


0
2. In Sec.  981.401, revise the table in paragraph (b) and add 
paragraph (c) to read as follows:


Sec.  981.401  Adjusted kernel weight.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Computation number 1            Computation number 2
                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------
                                                   Deliveries with less than  95  Deliveries with 95 percent  or
                                                          percent kernels                  more kernels
                                                 ---------------------------------------------------------------
                                                    Percent of        Weight        Percent of        Weight
                                                      sample         (pounds)         sample         (pounds)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. Actual gross weight of delivery..............  ..............          10,000  ..............          10,000
2. Percent of edible kernel weight..............          53.000  ..............          84.000  ..............
3. Less weight loss in processing \1\...........           1.000  ..............           0.000  ..............
4. Less excess moisture of edible kernels                  1.060  ..............           1.680  ..............
 (excess moisture x line 2).....................
5. Net percent shell out (line 2-lines 3 and 4).          50.940  ..............          82.320  ..............
6. Net edible kernels (line 5 x line 1).........  ..............           5,094  ..............           8,232
7. Percent of inedible kernels (from sample)....          12.000  ..............          12.000  ..............
8. Less excess moisture of inedible kernels                0.240  ..............           0.240  ..............
 (excess moisture from sample x line 7).........
9. Net percent inedible kernels (line 7-line 8).          11.760  ..............          11.760  ..............
10. Total inedible kernels (line 9 x line 1)....  ..............           1,176  ..............           1,176

[[Page 28526]]

 
11. Adjusted kernel weight (line 6 + line 10)...  ..............           6,270  ..............           9,408
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Only applies to deliveries with less than 95 percent kernels.

    (c) Computation adjustments. If applicable, adjustments shall be 
made by rounding such that the sample computation percentages total 
equals 100 percent. Rounding adjustments shall be made as follows: 
First adjust the foreign material percentage; if there is no foreign 
material in the sample, then adjust the excess moisture percentage; or 
if there is no foreign material or excess moisture in the sample, 
adjust the inedible kernels percentage.

    Dated: June 15, 2018.
Bruce Summers,
Administrator, Agricultural Marketing Service.
[FR Doc. 2018-13272 Filed 6-19-18; 8:45 am]
 BILLING CODE 3410-02-P



                                                               Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 119 / Wednesday, June 20, 2018 / Rules and Regulations                                           28523

                                              sector agencies. As mentioned in the                    ■ 2. Section 932.230 is revised to read                900.2(j). This final rule is issued under
                                              initial regulatory flexibility analysis,                as follows:                                            Marketing Order No. 981, as amended (7
                                              USDA has not identified any relevant                                                                           CFR part 981), regulating the handling
                                              Federal rules that duplicate, overlap, or               § 932.230    Assessment rate.                          of almonds grown in California. Part 981
                                              conflict with this final rule.                            On and after January 1, 2018, an                     (referred to as the ‘‘Order’’) is effective
                                                 AMS is committed to complying with                   assessment rate of $24.00 per ton is                   under the Agricultural Marketing
                                              the E-Government Act, to promote the                    established for California olives.                     Agreement Act of 1937, as amended (7
                                              use of the internet and other                             Dated: June 15, 2018.                                U.S.C. 601–674), hereinafter referred to
                                              information technologies to provide                     Bruce Summers,                                         as the ‘‘Act.’’ The Board locally
                                              increased opportunities for citizen                     Administrator, Agricultural Marketing                  administers the Order and is comprised
                                              access to Government information and                    Service.                                               of growers and handlers operating
                                              services, and for other purposes.                                                                              within California.
                                                                                                      [FR Doc. 2018–13271 Filed 6–19–18; 8:45 am]
                                                 USDA has not identified any relevant                                                                           The Department of Agriculture
                                                                                                      BILLING CODE 3410–02–P
                                              Federal rules that duplicate, overlap, or                                                                      (USDA) is issuing this final rule in
                                              conflict with this action.                                                                                     conformance with Executive Orders
                                                 A proposed rule concerning this                                                                             13563 and 13175. This action falls
                                              action was published in the Federal                     DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
                                                                                                                                                             within a category of regulatory actions
                                              Register on April 4, 2018 (83 FR 14379).                Agricultural Marketing Service                         that the Office of Management and
                                              A copy of the proposed rule was                                                                                Budget (OMB) exempted from Executive
                                              provided to the handlers by the                         7 CFR Part 981                                         Order 12866 review. Additionally,
                                              Committee. Finally, the proposal was                                                                           because this final rule does not meet the
                                              made available through the internet by                  [Doc. No. AMS–SC–17–0084; SC18–981–1                   definition of a significant regulatory
                                              USDA and the Office of the Federal                      FR]                                                    action, it does not trigger the
                                              Register. A 30-day comment period                                                                              requirements contained in Executive
                                                                                                      Almonds Grown in California; Revision
                                              ending May 4, 2018, was provided for                                                                           Order 13771. See OMB’s Memorandum
                                                                                                      to the Adjusted Kernel Weight
                                              interested persons to respond to the                                                                           titled ‘‘Interim Guidance Implementing
                                                                                                      Computation
                                              proposal. No comments were received.                                                                           Section 2 of the Executive Order of
                                              The proposal also contained                             AGENCY:  Agricultural Marketing Service,               January 30, 2017, titled ‘Reducing
                                              administrative revisions to the Order’s                 USDA.                                                  Regulation and Controlling Regulatory
                                              subpart headings to bring the language                  ACTION: Final rule.                                    Costs’ ’’ (February 2, 2017).
                                              into conformance with the Office of                                                                               This final rule has been reviewed
                                              Federal Register requirements. Those                    SUMMARY:   This final rule implements a                under Executive Order 12988, Civil
                                              revisions are not included in this rule as              recommendation from the Almond                         Justice Reform. This final rule is not
                                              they were included in a technical                       Board of California (Board) to revise the              intended to have retroactive effect.
                                              amendment final rule published in the                   adjusted kernel weight computation                        The Act provides that administrative
                                              Federal Register on April 6, 2018 (83 FR                currently prescribed under the                         proceedings must be exhausted before
                                              14736).                                                 Marketing Order for almonds grown in                   parties may file suit in court. Under
                                                 A small business guide on complying                  California. In addition, this action                   section 608c(15)(A) of the Act, any
                                              with fruit, vegetable, and specialty crop               allows adjustments to the calculated                   handler subject to an order may file
                                              marketing agreements and orders may                     percentages for foreign material, excess               with USDA a petition stating that the
                                              be viewed at: http://www.ams.usda.gov/                  moisture, or inedible kernels so that the              order, any provision of the order, or any
                                              rules-regulations/moa/small-businesses.                 sum of the percentages for the specified               obligation imposed in connection with
                                              Any questions about the compliance                      measurements equals 100 percent.                       the order is not in accordance with law
                                              guide should be sent to Richard Lower                                                                          and request a modification of the order
                                                                                                      DATES: Effective July 20, 2018.
                                              at the previously-mentioned address in                                                                         or to be exempted therefrom. A handler
                                                                                                      FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:                       is afforded the opportunity for a hearing
                                              the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT                     Andrea Ricci, Marketing Specialist, or
                                              section.                                                                                                       on the petition. After the hearing, USDA
                                                                                                      Jeffrey Smutny, Regional Director,                     would rule on the petition. The Act
                                                 After consideration of all relevant
                                                                                                      California Marketing Field Office,                     provides that the district court of the
                                              material presented, including the
                                                                                                      Marketing Order and Agreement                          United States in any district in which
                                              information and recommendation
                                                                                                      Division, Specialty Crops Program,                     the handler is an inhabitant, or has his
                                              submitted by the Committee and other
                                                                                                      AMS, USDA; Telephone: (559) 487–                       or her principal place of business, has
                                              available information, it is hereby found
                                                                                                      5901, Fax: (559) 487–5906, or Email:                   jurisdiction to review USDA’s ruling on
                                              that this rule will tend to effectuate the
                                                                                                      Andrea.Ricci@ams.usda.gov or                           the petition, provided an action is filed
                                              declared policy of the Act.
                                                                                                      Jeffrey.Smutny@ams.usda.gov.                           not later than 20 days after the date of
                                              List of Subjects in 7 CFR Part 932                         Small businesses may request                        the entry of the ruling.
                                                Marketing agreements, Olives,                         information on complying with this                        This final rule changes the way
                                              Reporting and recordkeeping                             regulation by contacting Richard Lower,                adjusted kernel weight is expressed by
                                              requirements.                                           Marketing Order and Agreement                          requiring calculation of percentages for
                                                For the reasons set forth in the                      Division, Specialty Crops Program,                     specified measurements to round the
                                              preamble, 7 CFR part 932 is amended as                  AMS, USDA, 1400 Independence                           decimal to the nearest thousandth rather
                                              follows:                                                Avenue SW, STOP 0237, Washington,                      than the current hundredth. In addition,
sradovich on DSK3GMQ082PROD with RULES




                                                                                                      DC 20250–0237; Telephone: (202) 720–                   this final rule allows adjustments to the
                                              PART 932—OLIVES GROWN IN                                2491, Fax: (202) 720–8938, or Email:                   calculated percentages for foreign
                                              CALIFORNIA                                              Richard.Lower@ams.usda.gov.                            material, excess moisture, or inedible
                                                                                                      SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: This final                  kernels so that the sum of the
                                              ■ 1. The authority citation for part 932                rule, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 553, amends                 percentages for the specified
                                              continues to read as follows:                           regulations issued to carry out a                      measurements equals 100 percent. The
                                                  Authority: 7 U.S.C. 601–674.                        marketing order as defined in 7 CFR                    Board unanimously recommended these


                                         VerDate Sep<11>2014   16:19 Jun 19, 2018   Jkt 244001   PO 00000   Frm 00003   Fmt 4700   Sfmt 4700   E:\FR\FM\20JNR1.SGM   20JNR1


                                              28524            Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 119 / Wednesday, June 20, 2018 / Rules and Regulations

                                              changes at its December 4, 2017,                        currently provided in the Order, would                   The NASS Census data indicates that
                                              meeting.                                                produce more accurate results.                         out of the 6,204 California farms with
                                                 Section 981.42 provides authority for                  The new program also makes                           bearing acres of almonds, 4,471 (72
                                              quality control regulations. Paragraph                  automatic minor adjustments to the                     percent) have fewer than 100 bearing
                                              (a) of that section requires that each                  percentage computations for foreign                    acres.
                                              handler shall have the inspection                       material, excess moisture, or inedible                   For the almond industry’s most
                                              agency determine the percentage of                      kernels so that the sum of the                         recently reported crop year (2016),
                                              inedible kernels received by that                       percentages always equals 100 percent.                 NASS reported an average yield of 2,280
                                              handler and report such determination                   This allowance for automatic                           pounds per acre and a season average
                                              to the Board.                                           adjustments of these specified                         grower price of $2.44 per pound. A 100-
                                                 Section 981.442(a)(1) prescribes that                measurements aligns with industry                      acre farm with an average yield of 2,280
                                              each handler shall have a representative                practice that has existed for many years.              pounds per acre would produce about
                                              sample drawn from each lot of any                         As a result of these test results, the               228,000 pounds of almonds. At $2.44
                                              variety of incoming almonds that the                    Board determined that rounding the                     per pound, that farm’s production
                                              handler receives. Section 981.442(a)(3)                 decimal to the nearest thousandth rather               would be valued at $556,320. The
                                              prescribes that each such sample shall                  than the current hundredth provides a                  Census of Agriculture indicates that the
                                              be analyzed by or under surveillance of                 more accurate computed percentage. In                  majority of California’s almond farms
                                              the Federal-State Inspection Service (or,               addition, allowing the program to make                 are smaller than 100 acres; therefore, it
                                              when specifically designated, the                       adjustments to the calculated                          could be concluded that the majority of
                                              Federal Inspection Service) to determine                percentages for foreign material, excess               growers had annual receipts from the
                                              the kernel content and the portion of                   moisture, or inedible kernels aligns the               sale of almonds in 2016–17 of less than
                                              inedible kernels in the sample. The                     requirements under the Order with                      $556,320, which is below the SBA
                                              inspection agency prepares a report                     current industry practices, ensuring the               threshold of $750,000. Thus, over 70
                                              showing, among other things, the total                  continuance of longstanding reporting                  percent of California’s almond growers
                                              adjusted kernel weight. This report is                  practices and transparency in the                      would be classified as small growers
                                              submitted by the inspection agency to                   program.                                               according to SBA’s definition.
                                                                                                                                                               To estimate the proportion of almond
                                              the Board and the handler.                              Final Regulatory Flexibility Analysis
                                                                                                                                                             handlers that would be considered
                                                 Section 981.401(a) defines adjusted                     Pursuant to requirements set forth in               small businesses, it was assumed that
                                              kernel weight. Section 981.401(b)                       the Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA) (5                the unit value per shelled pound of
                                              provides examples of the computation                    U.S.C. 601–612), the Agricultural                      almonds exported in a particular year
                                              that is used to determine adjusted                      Marketing Service (AMS) has                            could serve as a representative almond
                                              kernel weight. This computation                         considered the economic impact of this                 price at the handler level. A unit value
                                              includes a calculation of percentages for               rule on small entities. Accordingly,                   for a commodity is the value of exports
                                              specified measurements of edible                        AMS has prepared this final regulatory                 divided by the quantity. Data from the
                                              kernels, inedible kernels, foreign                      flexibility analysis.                                  Global Agricultural Trade System
                                              material, and excess moisture. The table                   The purpose of the RFA is to fit                    database of USDA’s Foreign Agricultural
                                              of examples contained in § 981.401(b)                   regulatory actions to the scale of                     Service showed that the value of
                                              shows percentages rounded to the                        businesses subject to such actions in                  almond exports from August 2016 to
                                              nearest tenth and the nearest hundredth                 order that small businesses will not be                July 2017 (combining shelled and
                                              decimal place. However, in practice, the                unduly or disproportionately burdened.                 inshell almonds) was $4.072 billion.
                                              calculated percentages are currently                    Marketing orders issued pursuant to the                The quantity of almond exports over
                                              being rounded to the nearest hundredth                  Act, and rules issued thereunder, are                  that time period was 1.406 billion
                                              decimal place.                                          unique in that they are brought about                  pounds, combining shelled exports and
                                                 Currently, the inspection agency                     through group action of essentially                    the shelled equivalent of inshell
                                              utilizes a computer-based database                      small entities acting on their own                     exports. Dividing the export value by
                                              program that computes and totals the                    behalf.                                                the quantity yields a unit value of $2.90
                                              percentages for the specified                              There are approximately 6,800                       per pound. Subtracting this figure from
                                              measurements. As part of the program’s                  almond growers in the production area                  the NASS 2016 estimate of season
                                              computation process, it automatically                   and approximately 100 almond handlers                  average grower price per pound ($2.44)
                                              makes adjustments, when needed, so                      subject to regulation under the Order.                 yields $0.46 per pound as a
                                              that the total of the percentages equals                Small agricultural service firms are                   representative grower-handler margin.
                                              100 percent. This program has been                      defined by the Small Business                          Applying the $2.90 representative
                                              used for several years, and the industry                Administration (SBA) as those having                   handler price per pound to 2016–17
                                              is accustomed to receiving reports from                 annual receipts of less than $7,500,000,               handler shipment quantities provided
                                              the inspection agency that show the                     and small agricultural producers are                   by the Board showed that approximately
                                              100-percent summed total.                               defined as those having annual receipts                40 percent of California’s almond
                                                 In early 2017, the USDA inspection                   of less than $750,000 (13 CFR 121.201).                handlers shipped almonds valued under
                                              service began testing a new web-based                      The National Agricultural Statistics                $7,500,000 during the 2016–17 crop
                                              program that will replace the computer-                 Service (NASS) reported in its most                    year and would therefore be considered
                                              based program described above. During                   recent (2012) Agricultural Census that                 small handlers according to the SBA
                                              this testing, USDA discovered that, due                 there were 6,841 almond farms in the                   definition.
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                                              to the rounding method used by the new                  production area (California), of which                   This final rule revises the adjusted
                                              program, the sum of the percentages                     6,204 had bearing acres. The following                 kernel weight computation in § 981.401
                                              occasionally did not equal 100 percent.                 computation provides an estimate of the                by requiring calculation of the
                                              It was further determined during testing                proportion of agricultural producers                   percentages for specified measurements
                                              that having the new program round the                   (farms) and agricultural service firms                 to round the decimal to the nearest
                                              decimal to the nearest thousandth,                      (handlers) that would be considered                    thousandth rather than the current
                                              rather than the nearest hundredth as                    small under the SBA definitions.                       hundredth. In addition, this action


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                                                                      Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 119 / Wednesday, June 20, 2018 / Rules and Regulations                                                                                                     28525

                                              allows adjustments to the calculated                                       changes are necessary in those                                              available through the internet by USDA
                                              percentages for foreign material, excess                                   requirements as a result of this action.                                    and the Office of the Federal Register. A
                                              moisture, or inedible kernels so that the                                  Should any changes become necessary,                                        30-day comment period ending May 21,
                                              sum of the percentages for the specified                                   they would be submitted to OMB for                                          2018, was provided to allow interested
                                              measurements equals 100 percent.                                           approval.                                                                   persons to respond to the proposal. No
                                              Requiring rounding of the decimal to                                          This final rule imposes no additional                                    comments were received. Accordingly,
                                              the nearest thousandth provides for a                                      reporting or recordkeeping requirements                                     no changes will be made to the rule as
                                              more accurate computed percentage. In                                      on either small or large almond                                             proposed.
                                              addition, allowing adjustments to the                                      handlers. As with all Federal marketing                                        A small business guide on complying
                                              foreign material, excess moisture, or                                      order programs, reports and forms are                                       with fruit, vegetable, and specialty crop
                                              inedible kernel measurements aligns the                                    periodically reviewed to reduce                                             marketing agreements and orders may
                                              Order with current industry practices,                                     information requirements and                                                be viewed at: http://www.ams.usda.gov/
                                              ensuring the continuance of                                                duplication by industry and public                                          rules-regulations/moa/small-businesses.
                                              longstanding reporting practices and                                       sector agencies.                                                            Any questions about the compliance
                                              transparency in the program. Authority                                        AMS is committed to complying with                                       guide should be sent to Richard Lower
                                              for this action is provided in § 981.42(a).                                the E-Government Act, to promote the                                        at the previously mentioned address in
                                              The Board recommended this action at                                       use of the internet and other                                               the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT
                                              a meeting on December 4, 2017.                                             information technologies to provide
                                                                                                                                                                                                     section.
                                                 It is not anticipated that this action                                  increased opportunities for citizen
                                                                                                                         access to Government information and                                           After consideration of all relevant
                                              would impose additional costs on                                                                                                                       matters presented, including the
                                              handlers or growers, regardless of size.                                   services, and for other purposes.
                                                                                                                            USDA has not identified any relevant                                     information and recommendation
                                              The changes are intended to align                                                                                                                      submitted by the Board and other
                                                                                                                         Federal rules that duplicate, overlap or
                                              provisions of the Order with current                                                                                                                   available information, it is hereby found
                                                                                                                         conflict with this final rule.
                                              industry practices. This final rule is not                                    Further, the Board’s meeting was                                         that this rule, as hereinafter set forth,
                                              expected to change handler inspection                                      widely publicized throughout the                                            will tend to effectuate the declared
                                              costs, as handlers are currently required                                  almond industry, and all interested                                         policy of the Act.
                                              to have all lots inspected to determine                                    persons were invited to attend the
                                              kernel content.                                                                                                                                        List of Subjects in 7 CFR Part 981
                                                                                                                         meeting and participate in Board
                                                 The Board considered alternatives to                                    deliberations. Like all Board meetings,                                       Almonds, Marketing agreements,
                                              this action, including not changing the                                    the December 4, 2017, meeting was a                                         Nuts, Reporting and recordkeeping
                                              current computation procedures. Prior                                      public meeting, and all entities, both                                      requirements.
                                              to this recommendation, the Board’s                                        large and small, were able to express
                                              Almond Quality, Food Safety and                                                                                                                          For the reasons set forth in the
                                                                                                                         their views on this issue.                                                  preamble, 7 CFR part 981 is amended as
                                              Services Committee (Committee)                                                Also, the Board has a number of
                                              reviewed the program, surveyed                                                                                                                         follows:
                                                                                                                         appointed committees to review certain
                                              handlers, and determined that not                                          issues and make recommendations to                                          PART 981—ALMONDS GROWN IN
                                              changing the computation procedures to                                     the Board. The Committee met on                                             CALIFORNIA
                                              align with current industry practices                                      November 16, 2017, and discussed this
                                              would cause disruption in the industry.                                    issue in detail. That meeting was also a                                    ■ 1. The authority citation for 7 CFR
                                              Therefore, the Committee unanimously                                       public meeting, and both large and                                          part 981 continues to read as follows:
                                              recommended this action to the Board at                                    small entities were able to participate                                         Authority: 7 U.S.C. 601–674.
                                              a meeting on November 16, 2017.                                            and express their views.
                                                 In accordance with the Paperwork                                           A proposed rule concerning this                                          ■ 2. In § 981.401, revise the table in
                                              Reduction Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C.                                           action was published in the Federal                                         paragraph (b) and add paragraph (c) to
                                              Chapter 35), the Order’s information                                       Register on April 20, 2018 (83 FR                                           read as follows:
                                              collection requirements have been                                          17506). Copies of the rule were made
                                              previously approved by OMB and                                             available to all members of the Board                                       § 981.401          Adjusted kernel weight.
                                              assigned OMB No. 0581–0178                                                 and all California almond growers and                                       *       *    *                *         *
                                              (Vegetable and Specialty Crops). No                                        handlers. Finally, the rule was made                                            (b) * * *

                                                                                                                                                                             Computation number 1                                 Computation number 2

                                                                                                                                                                            Deliveries with less than                           Deliveries with 95 percent
                                                                                                                                                                              95 percent kernels                                     or more kernels

                                                                                                                                                                         Percent of                   Weight                   Percent of                   Weight
                                                                                                                                                                          sample                     (pounds)                   sample                     (pounds)

                                              1. Actual gross weight of delivery ....................................................................                 ........................                10,000        ........................                10,000
                                              2. Percent of edible kernel weight ...................................................................                               53.000        ........................                84.000        ........................
                                              3. Less weight loss in processing 1 .................................................................                                  1.000       ........................                  0.000       ........................
                                              4. Less excess moisture of edible kernels (excess moisture × line 2) ...........                                                       1.060       ........................                  1.680       ........................
                                              5. Net percent shell out (line 2¥lines 3 and 4) ..............................................                                       50.940        ........................                82.320        ........................
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                                              6. Net edible kernels (line 5 × line 1) ..............................................................                  ........................                  5,094       ........................                  8,232
                                              7. Percent of inedible kernels (from sample) ..................................................                                      12.000        ........................                12.000        ........................
                                              8. Less excess moisture of inedible kernels (excess moisture from sample ×
                                                line 7) ...........................................................................................................                  0.240       ........................                  0.240       ........................
                                              9. Net percent inedible kernels (line 7¥line 8) ...............................................                                      11.760        ........................                11.760        ........................
                                              10. Total inedible kernels (line 9 × line 1) .......................................................                    ........................                  1,176       ........................                  1,176




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                                              28526               Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 119 / Wednesday, June 20, 2018 / Rules and Regulations

                                                                                                                                                         Computation number 1                     Computation number 2

                                                                                                                                                        Deliveries with less than               Deliveries with 95 percent
                                                                                                                                                          95 percent kernels                         or more kernels

                                                                                                                                                     Percent of               Weight           Percent of               Weight
                                                                                                                                                      sample                 (pounds)           sample                 (pounds)

                                              11. Adjusted kernel weight (line 6 + line 10) ...................................................   ........................         6,270    ........................        9,408
                                                 1 Only   applies to deliveries with less than 95 percent kernels.


                                                (c) Computation adjustments. If                             Thomas Keating, Financial Analyst                                Administrative Procedure Act
                                              applicable, adjustments shall be made                         (202–973–7401), Division of Monetary                                In general, the Administrative
                                              by rounding such that the sample                              Affairs; for the hearing impaired,                               Procedure Act (‘‘APA’’) 1 imposes three
                                              computation percentages total equals                          Telecommunications Device for the Deaf                           principal requirements when an agency
                                              100 percent. Rounding adjustments                             (TDD) 202–263–4869; Board of                                     promulgates legislative rules (rules
                                              shall be made as follows: First adjust the                    Governors of the Federal Reserve                                 made pursuant to congressionally
                                              foreign material percentage; if there is                      System, 20th and C Streets NW,                                   delegated authority): (1) Publication
                                              no foreign material in the sample, then                       Washington, DC 20551.                                            with adequate notice of a proposed rule;
                                              adjust the excess moisture percentage;                        SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The                                   (2) followed by a meaningful
                                              or if there is no foreign material or                         Federal Reserve Banks make primary                               opportunity for the public to comment
                                              excess moisture in the sample, adjust                         and secondary credit available to                                on the rule’s content; and (3)
                                              the inedible kernels percentage.                              depository institutions as a backup                              publication of the final rule not less
                                                Dated: June 15, 2018.                                       source of funding on a short-term basis,                         than 30 days before its effective date.
                                              Bruce Summers,                                                usually overnight. The primary and                               The APA provides that notice and
                                              Administrator, Agricultural Marketing                         secondary credit rates are the interest                          comment procedures do not apply if the
                                              Service.                                                      rates that the twelve Federal Reserve                            agency for good cause finds them to be
                                              [FR Doc. 2018–13272 Filed 6–19–18; 8:45 am]                   Banks charge for extensions of credit                            ‘‘unnecessary, impracticable, or contrary
                                              BILLING CODE 3410–02–P
                                                                                                            under these programs. In accordance                              to the public interest.’’ 2 Section 553(d)
                                                                                                            with the Federal Reserve Act, the                                of the APA also provides that
                                                                                                            primary and secondary credit rates are                           publication at least 30 days prior to a
                                                                                                            established by the boards of directors of                        rule’s effective date is not required for
                                              FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM                                                                                                         (1) a substantive rule which grants or
                                                                                                            the Federal Reserve Banks, subject to
                                              12 CFR Part 201                                               the review and determination of the                              recognizes an exemption or relieves a
                                                                                                            Board.                                                           restriction; (2) interpretive rules and
                                              [Docket No. R–1611]                                              On June 13, 2018, the Board voted to                          statements of policy; or (3) a rule for
                                                                                                            approve a 1⁄4 percentage point increase                          which the agency finds good cause for
                                              RIN 7100–AF 07
                                                                                                            in the primary credit rate in effect at                          shortened notice and publishes its
                                              Regulation A: Extensions of Credit by                         each of the twelve Federal Reserve                               reasoning with the rule.3 The APA
                                              Federal Reserve Banks                                         Banks, thereby increasing from 2.25                              further provides that the notice, public
                                                                                                            percent to 2.50 percent the rate that                            comment, and delayed effective date
                                              AGENCY:  Board of Governors of the                            each Reserve Bank charges for                                    requirements of 5 U.S.C. 553 do not
                                              Federal Reserve System.                                       extensions of primary credit. In                                 apply ‘‘to the extent that there is
                                              ACTION: Final rule.                                           addition, the Board had previously                               involved . . . a matter relating to agency
                                                                                                            approved the renewal of the secondary                            management or personnel or to public
                                              SUMMARY:   The Board of Governors of the                      credit rate formula, the primary credit                          property, loans, grants, benefits, or
                                              Federal Reserve System (‘‘Board’’) has                        rate plus 50 basis points. Under the                             contracts.’’ 4
                                              adopted final amendments to its                               formula, the secondary credit rate in                               Regulation A establishes the interest
                                              Regulation A to reflect the Board’s                           effect at each of the twelve Federal                             rates that the twelve Reserve Banks
                                              approval of an increase in the rate for                       Reserve Banks increased by 1⁄4                                   charge for extensions of primary credit
                                              primary credit at each Federal Reserve                        percentage point as a result of the                              and secondary credit. The Board has
                                              Bank. The secondary credit rate at each                       Board’s primary credit rate action,                              determined that the notice, public
                                              Reserve Bank automatically increased                          thereby increasing from 2.75 percent to                          comment, and delayed effective date
                                              by formula as a result of the Board’s                         3.00 percent the rate that each Reserve                          requirements of the APA do not apply
                                              primary credit rate action.                                   Bank charges for extensions of                                   to these final amendments to Regulation
                                              DATES:                                                        secondary credit. The amendments to                              A for several reasons. The amendments
                                                Effective date: The amendments to                           Regulation A reflect these rate changes.                         involve a matter relating to loans and
                                              part 201 (Regulation A) are effective                            The 1⁄4 percentage point increase in                          are therefore exempt under the terms of
                                              June 20, 2018.                                                the primary credit rate was associated                           the APA. In addition, the Board has
                                                Applicability date: The rate changes                        with an increase in the target range for                         determined that notice, public
                                              for primary and secondary credit were                         the federal funds rate (from a target                            comment, and delayed effective date
                                                                                                                                                                             would be unnecessary and contrary to
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                                              applicable on June 14, 2018.                                  range of 11⁄2 to 13⁄4 percent to a target
                                                                                                                                                                             the public interest because delay in
                                              FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:                              range of 13⁄4 to 2 percent) announced by
                                                                                                                                                                             implementation of changes to the rates
                                              Sophia Allison, Special Counsel (202–                         the Federal Open Market Committee on
                                              452–3565), or Clinton Chen, Senior                            June 13, 2018, as described in the                                15  U.S.C. 551 et seq.
                                              Attorney (202–452–3952), Legal                                Board’s amendment of its Regulation D                             25  U.S.C. 553(b)(3)(A).
                                              Division, or Lyle Kumasaka, Senior                            published elsewhere in today’s Federal                            3 5 U.S.C. 553(d).

                                              Financial Analyst (202–452–2382), or                          Register.                                                         4 5 U.S.C. 553(a)(2) (emphasis added).




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Document Created: 2018-06-20 00:20:19
Document Modified: 2018-06-20 00:20:19
CategoryRegulatory Information
CollectionFederal Register
sudoc ClassAE 2.7:
GS 4.107:
AE 2.106:
PublisherOffice of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Administration
SectionRules and Regulations
ActionFinal rule.
DatesEffective July 20, 2018.
ContactAndrea Ricci, Marketing Specialist, or Jeffrey Smutny, Regional Director, California Marketing Field Office, Marketing Order and Agreement Division, Specialty Crops Program, AMS, USDA; Telephone: (559) 487-5901, Fax: (559) 487-5906, or Email: [email protected] or [email protected]
FR Citation83 FR 28523 
CFR AssociatedAlmonds; Marketing Agreements; Nuts and Reporting and Recordkeeping Requirements

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