83_FR_30441 83 FR 30316 - Special Conditions: Airbus Model A318, A319, A320 and A321 Series Airplanes; Electronic System Security Protection From Unauthorized Internal Access

83 FR 30316 - Special Conditions: Airbus Model A318, A319, A320 and A321 Series Airplanes; Electronic System Security Protection From Unauthorized Internal Access

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Federal Aviation Administration

Federal Register Volume 83, Issue 125 (June 28, 2018)

Page Range30316-30317
FR Document2018-13948

These special conditions are issued for the Airbus Model A318, A319, A320 and A321 series airplanes. These airplanes will have a novel or unusual design feature when compared to the state of technology envisioned in the airworthiness standards for transport category airplanes. This design feature is airplane electronic systems and networks that allow access, from aircraft internal sources (e.g., wireless devices, internet connectivity), to the airplane's previously isolated, internal, electronic components. The applicable airworthiness regulations do not contain adequate or appropriate safety standards for this design feature. These special conditions contain the additional safety standards that the Administrator considers necessary to establish a level of safety equivalent to that established by the existing airworthiness standards.

Federal Register, Volume 83 Issue 125 (Thursday, June 28, 2018)
[Federal Register Volume 83, Number 125 (Thursday, June 28, 2018)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 30316-30317]
From the Federal Register Online  [www.thefederalregister.org]
[FR Doc No: 2018-13948]


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DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

Federal Aviation Administration

14 CFR Part 25

[Docket No. FAA-2018-0602; Special Conditions No. 25-729-SC]


Special Conditions: Airbus Model A318, A319, A320 and A321 Series 
Airplanes; Electronic System Security Protection From Unauthorized 
Internal Access

AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT.

ACTION: Final special conditions; request for comments.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

SUMMARY: These special conditions are issued for the Airbus Model A318, 
A319, A320 and A321 series airplanes. These airplanes will have a novel 
or unusual design feature when compared to the state of technology 
envisioned in the airworthiness standards for transport category 
airplanes. This design feature is airplane electronic systems and 
networks that allow access, from aircraft internal sources (e.g., 
wireless devices, internet connectivity), to the airplane's previously 
isolated, internal, electronic components. The applicable airworthiness 
regulations do not contain adequate or appropriate safety standards for 
this design feature. These special conditions contain the additional 
safety standards that the Administrator considers necessary to 
establish a level of safety equivalent to that established by the 
existing airworthiness standards.

DATES: This action is effective on Airbus on June 28, 2018. Send 
comments on or before August 13, 2018.

ADDRESSES: Send comments identified by Docket No. FAA-2018-0602 using 
any of the following methods:
     Federal eRegulations Portal: Go to http://www.regulations.gov/ and follow the online instructions for sending 
your comments electronically.
     Mail: Send comments to Docket Operations, M-30, U.S. 
Department of Transportation (DOT), 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE, Room 
W12-140, West Building Ground Floor, Washington, DC 20590-0001.
     Hand Delivery or Courier: Take comments to Docket 
Operations in Room W12-140 of the West Building Ground Floor at 1200 
New Jersey Avenue SE, Washington, DC, between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday 
through Friday, except Federal holidays.
     Fax: Fax comments to Docket Operations at 202-493-2251.
    Privacy: The FAA will post all comments it receives, without 
change, to http://www.regulations.gov/, including any personal 
information the commenter provides. Using the search function of the 
docket website, anyone can find and read the electronic form of all 
comments received into any FAA docket, including the name of the 
individual sending the comment (or signing the comment for an 
association, business, labor union, etc.). DOT's complete Privacy Act 
Statement can be found in the Federal Register published on April 11, 
2000 (65 FR 19477-19478).
    Docket: Background documents or comments received may be read at 
http://www.regulations.gov/ at any time. Follow the online instructions 
for accessing the docket or go to Docket Operations in Room W12-140 of 
the West Building Ground Floor at 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE, 
Washington, DC, between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through Friday, 
except Federal holidays.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Varun Khanna, Airplane and Flight Crew 
Interface Section, AIR-671, Transport Standards Branch, Policy and 
Innovation Division, Aircraft Certification Service, Federal Aviation 
Administration, 2200 South 216th Street, Des Moines, Washington 98198; 
telephone and fax 206-231-3159; email Varun.Khann[email protected].

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The substance of these special conditions 
previously has been published in the Federal Register for public 
comment. These special conditions have been derived without substantive 
change from those previously issued. It is unlikely that prior public 
comment would result in a significant change from the substance 
contained herein. Therefore, the FAA has determined that prior public 
notice and comment are unnecessary, and finds that, for the same 
reason, good cause exists for adopting these special conditions upon 
publication in the Federal Register.

Comments Invited

    We invite interested people to take part in this rulemaking by 
sending written comments, data, or views. The most helpful comments 
reference a specific portion of the special conditions, explain the 
reason for any recommended change, and include supporting data.

[[Page 30317]]

    We will consider all comments we receive by the closing date for 
comments. We may change these special conditions based on the comments 
we receive.

Background

    On February 2, 2017, Airbus applied for a change to Type 
Certificate No. A28NM for the installation of electronic network system 
architecture or Flight Operations and Maintenance Exchanger (FOMAX) 
equipment in the Model A318, A319, A320 and A321 series airplanes. The 
Airbus Model A318, A319, A320 and A321 series airplanes are twin-
engine, transport category airplanes with a passenger seating capacity 
of 136 to 230 and a maximum takeoff weight of 123,458 to 213,848 
pounds, depending on the specific design.

Type Certification Basis

    Under the provisions of title 14, Code of Federal Regulations (14 
CFR) 21.101, Airbus must show that the Model A318, A319, A320 and A321 
series airplanes as changed, continue to meet the applicable provisions 
of the regulations listed in Type Certificate No. A28NM or the 
applicable regulations in effect on the date of application for the 
change, except for earlier amendments as agreed upon by the FAA.
    If the Administrator finds that the applicable airworthiness 
regulations (i.e., 14 CFR part 25) do not contain adequate or 
appropriate safety standards for the Airbus Model A318, A319, A320 and 
A321 series airplanes because of a novel or unusual design feature, 
special conditions are prescribed under the provisions of Sec.  21.16
    Special conditions are initially applicable to the model for which 
they are issued. Should the type certificate for that model be amended 
later to include any other model that incorporates the same novel or 
unusual design feature, or should any other model already included on 
the same type certificate be modified to incorporate the same novel or 
unusual design feature, these special conditions would also apply to 
the other model under Sec.  21.101.
    In addition to the applicable airworthiness regulations and special 
conditions, the Airbus Model A318, A319, A320 and A321 series airplanes 
must comply with the fuel vent and exhaust-emission requirements of 14 
CFR part 34, and the noise certification requirements of 14 CFR part 
36.
    The FAA issues special conditions, as defined in 14 CFR 11.19, in 
accordance with Sec.  11.38, and they become part of the type 
certification basis under Sec.  21.101.

Novel or Unusual Design Features

    The Airbus Model A318, A319, A320 and A321 series airplanes will 
incorporate the following novel or unusual design feature:
    The installation and activation of electronic network system 
architecture or Flight Operations and Maintenance Exchanger (FOMAX) 
equipment that allows access from internal sources (e.g., wireless 
devices, internet connectivity) to the airplane's once isolated 
internal electronic components.

Discussion

    The Airbus Model A318, A319, A320 and A321 series airplanes 
architecture is novel or unusual for commercial transport airplanes 
because it allows connection to previously isolated data networks 
connected to systems that perform functions required for the safe 
operation of the airplane. This data network and design integration may 
result in security vulnerabilities from intentional or unintentional 
corruption of data and systems critical to the safety and maintenance 
of the airplane. The existing regulations and guidance material did not 
anticipate this type of system architecture or electronic access to 
aircraft systems. Furthermore, 14 CFR regulations and the current 
system safety assessment policy and techniques do not address potential 
security vulnerabilities, which could be exploited by unauthorized 
access to airplane networks and servers. Therefore, these special 
conditions are to ensure that the security of airplane systems and 
networks is not compromised by unauthorized wired or wireless internal 
access.
    These special conditions contain the additional safety standards 
that the Administrator considers necessary to establish a level of 
safety equivalent to that established by the existing airworthiness 
standards.

Applicability

    As discussed above, these special conditions are applicable to the 
Model A318, A319, A320 and A321 series airplanes. Should Airbus apply 
at a later date for a change to the type certificate to include another 
model incorporating the same novel or unusual design feature, these 
special conditions would apply to that model as well.

Conclusion

    This action affects only a certain novel or unusual design feature 
on Airbus Model A318, A319, A320 and A321 series airplanes. It is not a 
rule of general applicability.

List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 25

    Aircraft, Aviation safety, Reporting and recordkeeping 
requirements.

Authority Citation

    The authority citation for these special conditions is as follows:

    Authority:  49 U.S.C. 106(f), 106(g), 40113, 44701, 44702, 
44704.

The Special Conditions

0
Accordingly, pursuant to the authority delegated to me by the 
Administrator, the following special conditions are issued as part of 
the type certification basis for Airbus Model A318, A319, A320 and A321 
series airplanes.
    1. The applicant must ensure that the design provides isolation 
from, or airplane electronic system security protection against, access 
by unauthorized sources internal to the airplane. The design must 
prevent inadvertent and malicious changes to, and all adverse impacts 
upon, airplane equipment, systems, networks, or other assets required 
for safe flight and operations.
    2. The applicant must establish appropriate procedures to allow the 
operator to ensure that continued airworthiness of the aircraft is 
maintained, including all post type certification modifications that 
may have an impact on the approved electronic system security 
safeguards.

    Issued in Des Moines, Washington, on June 25, 2018.
Victor Wicklund,
Manager, Transport Standards Branch, Policy and Innovation Division, 
Aircraft Certification Service.
[FR Doc. 2018-13948 Filed 6-27-18; 8:45 am]
 BILLING CODE 4910-13-P



                                           30316              Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 125 / Thursday, June 28, 2018 / Rules and Regulations

                                           wired or wireless electronic                              Issued in Des Moines, Washington, on June            Room W12–140 of the West Building
                                           connections.                                            25, 2018.                                              Ground Floor at 1200 New Jersey
                                             These special conditions contain the                  Victor Wicklund,                                       Avenue SE, Washington, DC, between 9
                                           additional safety standards that the                    Manager, Transport Standards Branch, Policy            a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through
                                           Administrator considers necessary to                    and Innovation Division, Aircraft                      Friday, except Federal holidays.
                                           establish a level of safety equivalent to
                                                                                                   Certification Service.                                    • Fax: Fax comments to Docket
                                           that established by the existing                        [FR Doc. 2018–13949 Filed 6–27–18; 8:45 am]            Operations at 202–493–2251.
                                           airworthiness standards.                                BILLING CODE 4910–13–P                                    Privacy: The FAA will post all
                                                                                                                                                          comments it receives, without change,
                                           Applicability                                                                                                  to http://www.regulations.gov/,
                                                                                                   DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION                           including any personal information the
                                             As discussed above, these special
                                                                                                                                                          commenter provides. Using the search
                                           conditions are applicable to the Model                  Federal Aviation Administration                        function of the docket website, anyone
                                           A318, A319, A320 and A321 series
                                                                                                                                                          can find and read the electronic form of
                                           airplanes. Should Airbus apply at a later               14 CFR Part 25                                         all comments received into any FAA
                                           date for a change to the type certificate
                                                                                                   [Docket No. FAA–2018–0602; Special                     docket, including the name of the
                                           to include another model incorporating
                                                                                                   Conditions No. 25–729–SC]                              individual sending the comment (or
                                           the same novel or unusual design
                                                                                                                                                          signing the comment for an association,
                                           feature, these special conditions would                 Special Conditions: Airbus Model                       business, labor union, etc.). DOT’s
                                           apply to that model as well.                            A318, A319, A320 and A321 Series                       complete Privacy Act Statement can be
                                           Conclusion                                              Airplanes; Electronic System Security                  found in the Federal Register published
                                                                                                   Protection From Unauthorized Internal                  on April 11, 2000 (65 FR 19477–19478).
                                             This action affects only a certain                    Access                                                    Docket: Background documents or
                                           novel or unusual design feature on                                                                             comments received may be read at
                                           Airbus Model A318, A319, A320 and                       AGENCY:  Federal Aviation
                                                                                                   Administration (FAA), DOT.                             http://www.regulations.gov/ at any time.
                                           A321 series airplanes. It is not a rule of                                                                     Follow the online instructions for
                                           general applicability.                                  ACTION: Final special conditions; request
                                                                                                                                                          accessing the docket or go to Docket
                                                                                                   for comments.
                                           List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 25                                                                             Operations in Room W12–140 of the
                                                                                                   SUMMARY:    These special conditions are               West Building Ground Floor at 1200
                                             Aircraft, Aviation safety, Reporting                  issued for the Airbus Model A318,                      New Jersey Avenue SE, Washington,
                                           and recordkeeping requirements.                         A319, A320 and A321 series airplanes.                  DC, between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday
                                           Authority Citation                                      These airplanes will have a novel or                   through Friday, except Federal holidays.
                                                                                                   unusual design feature when compared                   FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
                                             The authority citation for these                      to the state of technology envisioned in               Varun Khanna, Airplane and Flight
                                           special conditions is as follows:                       the airworthiness standards for                        Crew Interface Section, AIR–671,
                                             Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(f), 106(g), 40113,           transport category airplanes. This design              Transport Standards Branch, Policy and
                                           44701, 44702, 44704.                                    feature is airplane electronic systems                 Innovation Division, Aircraft
                                                                                                   and networks that allow access, from                   Certification Service, Federal Aviation
                                           The Special Conditions
                                                                                                   aircraft internal sources (e.g., wireless              Administration, 2200 South 216th
                                           ■ Accordingly, pursuant to the authority                devices, internet connectivity), to the                Street, Des Moines, Washington 98198;
                                           delegated to me by the Administrator,                   airplane’s previously isolated, internal,              telephone and fax 206–231–3159; email
                                           the following special conditions are                    electronic components. The applicable                  Varun.Khanna@faa.gov.
                                           issued as part of the type certification                airworthiness regulations do not contain               SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The
                                           basis for Airbus Model A318, A319,                      adequate or appropriate safety standards               substance of these special conditions
                                           A320 and A321 series airplanes.                         for this design feature. These special                 previously has been published in the
                                                                                                   conditions contain the additional safety               Federal Register for public comment.
                                              1. The applicant must ensure that the                standards that the Administrator
                                           airplane electronic systems are                                                                                These special conditions have been
                                                                                                   considers necessary to establish a level               derived without substantive change
                                           protected from access by unauthorized                   of safety equivalent to that established
                                           sources external to the airplane,                                                                              from those previously issued. It is
                                                                                                   by the existing airworthiness standards.               unlikely that prior public comment
                                           including those possibly caused by
                                                                                                   DATES: This action is effective on Airbus              would result in a significant change
                                           maintenance activity.
                                                                                                   on June 28, 2018. Send comments on or                  from the substance contained herein.
                                              2. The applicant must ensure that                    before August 13, 2018.                                Therefore, the FAA has determined that
                                           electronic system-security threats are                  ADDRESSES: Send comments identified                    prior public notice and comment are
                                           identified and assessed, and that                       by Docket No. FAA–2018–0602 using                      unnecessary, and finds that, for the
                                           effective electronic system-security                    any of the following methods:                          same reason, good cause exists for
                                           protection strategies are implemented to                   • Federal eRegulations Portal: Go to                adopting these special conditions upon
                                           protect the airplane from all adverse                   http://www.regulations.gov/ and follow                 publication in the Federal Register.
                                           impacts on safety, functionality, and                   the online instructions for sending your
                                           continued airworthiness.                                                                                       Comments Invited
                                                                                                   comments electronically.
                                              3. The applicant must establish                         • Mail: Send comments to Docket                       We invite interested people to take
                                           appropriate procedures to allow the                     Operations, M–30, U.S. Department of                   part in this rulemaking by sending
amozie on DSK3GDR082PROD with RULES




                                           operator to ensure that continued                       Transportation (DOT), 1200 New Jersey                  written comments, data, or views. The
                                           airworthiness of the aircraft is                        Avenue SE, Room W12–140, West                          most helpful comments reference a
                                           maintained, including all post-type-                    Building Ground Floor, Washington, DC                  specific portion of the special
                                           certification modifications that may                    20590–0001.                                            conditions, explain the reason for any
                                           have an impact on the approved                             • Hand Delivery or Courier: Take                    recommended change, and include
                                           electronic system security safeguards.                  comments to Docket Operations in                       supporting data.


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                                                              Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 125 / Thursday, June 28, 2018 / Rules and Regulations                                               30317

                                             We will consider all comments we                      the type certification basis under                     A321 series airplanes. It is not a rule of
                                           receive by the closing date for                         § 21.101.                                              general applicability.
                                           comments. We may change these special
                                                                                                   Novel or Unusual Design Features                       List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 25
                                           conditions based on the comments we
                                           receive.                                                   The Airbus Model A318, A319, A320                     Aircraft, Aviation safety, Reporting
                                                                                                   and A321 series airplanes will                         and recordkeeping requirements.
                                           Background
                                                                                                   incorporate the following novel or                     Authority Citation
                                             On February 2, 2017, Airbus applied                   unusual design feature:
                                           for a change to Type Certificate No.                       The installation and activation of                    The authority citation for these
                                           A28NM for the installation of electronic                electronic network system architecture                 special conditions is as follows:
                                           network system architecture or Flight                   or Flight Operations and Maintenance                     Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(f), 106(g), 40113,
                                           Operations and Maintenance Exchanger                    Exchanger (FOMAX) equipment that                       44701, 44702, 44704.
                                           (FOMAX) equipment in the Model                          allows access from internal sources (e.g.,             The Special Conditions
                                           A318, A319, A320 and A321 series                        wireless devices, internet connectivity)
                                           airplanes. The Airbus Model A318,                       to the airplane’s once isolated internal               ■ Accordingly, pursuant to the authority
                                           A319, A320 and A321 series airplanes                    electronic components.                                 delegated to me by the Administrator,
                                           are twin-engine, transport category                                                                            the following special conditions are
                                           airplanes with a passenger seating                      Discussion
                                                                                                                                                          issued as part of the type certification
                                           capacity of 136 to 230 and a maximum                       The Airbus Model A318, A319, A320                   basis for Airbus Model A318, A319,
                                           takeoff weight of 123,458 to 213,848                    and A321 series airplanes architecture is              A320 and A321 series airplanes.
                                           pounds, depending on the specific                       novel or unusual for commercial                           1. The applicant must ensure that the
                                           design.                                                 transport airplanes because it allows                  design provides isolation from, or
                                           Type Certification Basis                                connection to previously isolated data                 airplane electronic system security
                                                                                                   networks connected to systems that                     protection against, access by
                                              Under the provisions of title 14, Code               perform functions required for the safe                unauthorized sources internal to the
                                           of Federal Regulations (14 CFR) 21.101,                 operation of the airplane. This data                   airplane. The design must prevent
                                           Airbus must show that the Model A318,                   network and design integration may                     inadvertent and malicious changes to,
                                           A319, A320 and A321 series airplanes                    result in security vulnerabilities from                and all adverse impacts upon, airplane
                                           as changed, continue to meet the                        intentional or unintentional corruption                equipment, systems, networks, or other
                                           applicable provisions of the regulations                of data and systems critical to the safety             assets required for safe flight and
                                           listed in Type Certificate No. A28NM or                 and maintenance of the airplane. The                   operations.
                                           the applicable regulations in effect on                 existing regulations and guidance                         2. The applicant must establish
                                           the date of application for the change,                 material did not anticipate this type of               appropriate procedures to allow the
                                           except for earlier amendments as agreed                 system architecture or electronic access               operator to ensure that continued
                                           upon by the FAA.                                        to aircraft systems. Furthermore, 14 CFR               airworthiness of the aircraft is
                                              If the Administrator finds that the                  regulations and the current system                     maintained, including all post type
                                           applicable airworthiness regulations                    safety assessment policy and techniques                certification modifications that may
                                           (i.e., 14 CFR part 25) do not contain                   do not address potential security                      have an impact on the approved
                                           adequate or appropriate safety standards                vulnerabilities, which could be                        electronic system security safeguards.
                                           for the Airbus Model A318, A319, A320                   exploited by unauthorized access to                      Issued in Des Moines, Washington, on June
                                           and A321 series airplanes because of a                  airplane networks and servers.                         25, 2018.
                                           novel or unusual design feature, special                Therefore, these special conditions are                Victor Wicklund,
                                           conditions are prescribed under the                     to ensure that the security of airplane                Manager, Transport Standards Branch, Policy
                                           provisions of § 21.16                                   systems and networks is not                            and Innovation Division, Aircraft
                                              Special conditions are initially                     compromised by unauthorized wired or                   Certification Service.
                                           applicable to the model for which they                  wireless internal access.                              [FR Doc. 2018–13948 Filed 6–27–18; 8:45 am]
                                           are issued. Should the type certificate                    These special conditions contain the                BILLING CODE 4910–13–P
                                           for that model be amended later to                      additional safety standards that the
                                           include any other model that                            Administrator considers necessary to
                                           incorporates the same novel or unusual                  establish a level of safety equivalent to              DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
                                           design feature, or should any other                     that established by the existing
                                           model already included on the same                      airworthiness standards.                               Federal Aviation Administration
                                           type certificate be modified to
                                           incorporate the same novel or unusual                   Applicability                                          14 CFR Part 97
                                           design feature, these special conditions                  As discussed above, these special                    [Docket No.: FAA–2017–0879]
                                           would also apply to the other model                     conditions are applicable to the Model
                                           under § 21.101.                                         A318, A319, A320 and A321 series                       RIN 2120–AA65
                                              In addition to the applicable                        airplanes. Should Airbus apply at a later
                                           airworthiness regulations and special                   date for a change to the type certificate              Criteria and Process for the
                                           conditions, the Airbus Model A318,                      to include another model incorporating                 Cancellation of Standard Instrument
                                           A319, A320 and A321 series airplanes                    the same novel or unusual design                       Approach Procedures as Part of the
                                           must comply with the fuel vent and                      feature, these special conditions would                National Procedures Assessment
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                                           exhaust-emission requirements of 14                     apply to that model as well.                           (NPA)
                                           CFR part 34, and the noise certification                                                                       AGENCY:  Federal Aviation
                                           requirements of 14 CFR part 36.                         Conclusion
                                                                                                                                                          Administration (FAA), Department of
                                              The FAA issues special conditions, as                  This action affects only a certain                   Transportation (DOT).
                                           defined in 14 CFR 11.19, in accordance                  novel or unusual design feature on
                                                                                                                                                          ACTION: Statement of policy.
                                           with § 11.38, and they become part of                   Airbus Model A318, A319, A320 and


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Document Created: 2018-11-06 09:55:01
Document Modified: 2018-11-06 09:55:01
CategoryRegulatory Information
CollectionFederal Register
sudoc ClassAE 2.7:
GS 4.107:
AE 2.106:
PublisherOffice of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Administration
SectionRules and Regulations
ActionFinal special conditions; request for comments.
DatesThis action is effective on Airbus on June 28, 2018. Send comments on or before August 13, 2018.
ContactVarun Khanna, Airplane and Flight Crew Interface Section, AIR-671, Transport Standards Branch, Policy and Innovation Division, Aircraft Certification Service, Federal Aviation Administration, 2200 South 216th Street, Des Moines, Washington 98198; telephone and fax 206-231-3159; email [email protected]
FR Citation83 FR 30316 
CFR AssociatedAircraft; Aviation Safety and Reporting and Recordkeeping Requirements

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