83 FR 42569 - Federal Acquisition Regulation; Paid Sick Leave for Federal Contractors

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
GENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION
NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION

Federal Register Volume 83, Issue 163 (August 22, 2018)

Page Range		42569-42570
FR Document		2018-17824

DoD, GSA, and NASA are adopting as final, without change, an interim rule amending the Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) to implement the Executive Order (E.O.), Establishing Paid Sick Leave for Federal Contractors. The interim rule also implemented a final rule issued by the Department of Labor.

Federal Register, Volume 83 Issue 163 (Wednesday, August 22, 2018)

[Federal Register Volume 83, Number 163 (Wednesday, August 22, 2018)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 42569-42570]
From the Federal Register Online  [www.thefederalregister.org]
[FR Doc No: 2018-17824]


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DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE

GENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION

NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION

48 CFR Parts 1, 11, 22, and 52

[FAC 2005-100; FAR Case 2017-001, Item I; Docket No. 2017-0001; 
Sequence No. 1]
RIN 9000-AN27


Federal Acquisition Regulation; Paid Sick Leave for Federal 
Contractors

AGENCY: Department of Defense (DoD), General Services Administration 
(GSA), and National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).

ACTION: Final rule.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

SUMMARY: DoD, GSA, and NASA are adopting as final, without change, an 
interim rule amending the Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) to 
implement the Executive Order (E.O.), Establishing Paid Sick Leave for 
Federal Contractors. The interim rule also implemented a final rule 
issued by the Department of Labor.

DATES: Effective: August 22, 2018.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ms. Zenaida Delgado, Procurement 
Analyst, at 202-969-7207 for clarification of content. For information 
pertaining to status or publication schedules, contact the Regulatory 
Secretariat Division at 202-501-4755. Please cite FAC 2005-100, FAR 
Case 2017-001.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

I. Background

    DoD, GSA, and NASA published an interim rule in the Federal 
Register at 81 FR 91627 on December 16, 2016, to implement E.O. 13706, 
Establishing Paid Sick Leave for Federal Contractors. The E.O. was 
signed September 7, 2015, and was published in the Federal Register at 
80 FR 54697 on September 10, 2015. The E.O. seeks to increase 
efficiency and cost savings in the work performed by parties who 
contract with the Federal Government by ensuring that employees on 
those contracts can earn up to 7 days or more of paid sick leave 
annually, including paid sick leave for family care. The interim FAR 
rule also implemented the final rule issued by the Wage and Hour 
Division of the Department of Labor (DOL) to implement E.O. 13706. The 
DOL final rule, entitled ``Establishing Paid Sick Leave for Federal 
Contractors'', was published in the Federal Register at 81 FR 67598 on 
September 30, 2016. Seven respondents submitted comments on the interim 
FAR rule.

II. Discussion and Analysis

    The Civilian Agency Acquisition Council and the Defense Acquisition 
Regulations Council (the Councils) reviewed the comments in the 
development of the final rule. A discussion of the comments is provided 
as follows:

A. Summary of Significant Changes

    There are no changes to the interim rule.

B. Analysis of Public Comments

    Comment: Six respondents strongly supported the interim FAR rule. 
The respondents stated that the interim rule is necessary to guarantee 
more workers the job and economic security that paid sick days provide, 
reduce workplace contagion, and increase productivity and retention. 
The respondents also presented rationale as to why the interim rule 
will benefit businesses, individual workers, taxpayers, and the 
economy.
    Response: Noted.
    Comment: One respondent provided a scenario and asked whether in 
that instance the contract was subject to the requirements of this FAR 
rule. The respondent described a contract action extending the term of 
the contract by exercising an option adjusting the price for 
escalations in labor rates.
    Response: According to DOL (see Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, 81 
FR 9592, published February 25, 2016), unilateral exercise of a 
contract option that has pre-negotiated prices that are subject to 
adjustment due to escalation in labor rates is not a new contract 
covered by E.O. 13706, as implemented in the DOL rule and FAR rule, as 
long as no bilateral negotiations occur (other than any necessary to 
determine and effectuate those pricing adjustments).

III. Executive Orders 12866 and 13563

    Executive Orders (E.O.s) 12866 and 13563 direct agencies to assess 
all costs and benefits of available regulatory alternatives and, if 
regulation is necessary, to select regulatory approaches that maximize 
net benefits (including potential economic, environmental, public 
health and safety effects, distributive impacts, and equity). E.O. 
13563, Improving Regulation and Regulatory Review, emphasizes the 
importance of quantifying both costs and benefits, of reducing costs, 
of harmonizing rules, and of promoting flexibility. This is not a 
significant regulatory action and, therefore, was not subject to review 
under section 6(b) of E.O. 12866, Regulatory Planning and Review, dated 
September 30, 1993. This rule is not a major rule under 5 U.S.C. 804.

IV. Executive Order 13771

    This rule is not subject to E.O. 13771, Reducing Regulation and 
Controlling Regulatory Costs, because this rule is not a significant 
regulatory action under E.O. 12866.

V. Regulatory Flexibility Act

    DoD, GSA, and NASA have prepared a Final Regulatory Flexibility 
Analysis (FRFA) consistent with the Regulatory Flexibility Act, 5 
U.S.C. 601 et seq. The FRFA is summarized as follows:

    DoD, GSA, and NASA are converting to a final rule, without 
change, an interim rule that amended the Federal Acquisition 
Regulation (FAR) to implement Executive Order (E.O.) 13706, 
Establishing Paid Sick Leave for Federal Contractors, dated 
September 7, 2015, and associated Department of Labor (DOL) 
regulatory requirements at 29 CFR part 13. DOL published a final 
regulatory flexibility analysis in their final rule (81 FR 67598 at 
67703).
    The FAR rule established requirements for contractors under 
contracts containing the clauses at FAR 52.222-6, Construction Wage 
Rate Requirements, or FAR 52.222-41, Service Contract Labor 
Standards, i.e., ``covered contracts,'' to allow employees to accrue 
and use paid sick leave in accordance with E.O. 13706 and 29 CFR 
part 13. Contractors must also include a paid sick leave contract 
clause in covered subcontracts and require covered subcontractors to 
include the substance of the clause in covered lower-tier contracts.
    No public comments were received in response to the initial 
regulatory flexibility analysis.
    This rule applies to contracts and subcontracts at all tiers 
covered by the Service Contract Labor Standards statute, or the Wage 
Rate Requirements (Construction) statute, which require performance 
in whole or in part within the United States. For procurement 
contracts where employees' wages are governed by the Fair Labor

[[Page 42570]]

Standards Act, this rule applies when the contract exceeds the 
micro-purchase threshold, as defined in FAR 2.101. When performance 
is in part within and in part outside the United States, the rule 
applies to the part of the contract or subcontract performed within 
the United States. Data available through the Federal Procurement 
Data System (FPDS) for Fiscal Year 2015, reveals contracts were 
awarded to 18,874 unique small business vendors for services, which 
contained the FAR clause at 52.222-41, Service Contract Labor 
Standards. Additionally, contracts were awarded to 6,753 unique 
small business vendors for construction, which contained the FAR 
clause at 52.222-6, Construction Wage Rate Requirements, for a total 
of 25,627 unique small businesses.
    The DOL final rule identifies records to be kept by all firms, 
including small entities (29 CFR 13.25). Some records are already 
required under the Fair Labor Standards Act, Service Contract Labor 
Standards statute, the Wage Rate Requirements (Construction) 
statute, and their governing regulations. DOL noted in their final 
rule (81 FR 67598 at 67669) that OMB assigned control number 1235-
0029 for the recordkeeping requirements related to paid sick leave. 
The information collection requirement under 1235-0029 includes 
recordkeeping and regulatory familiarization.
    Regarding initial implementation, DOL assumed firms that need to 
create a sick leave policy will each spend 10 hours of time 
developing this policy, regardless of the number of employees, and 
firms with a program in place will spend one hour, regardless of the 
number of employees. DOL also stated in its final rule that 
``Transfers from small contractors and costs to small contractors in 
Year 1 are less than 0.02 percent of revenues on average and are no 
more than 0.17 percent in any industry''. Therefore, according to 
DOL its final rule would not have a significant impact on small 
businesses. This FAR rule finalizes the interim rule without change 
and neither increases nor decreases the cost of the interim rule (81 
FR 91627), which has been in effect since January 1, 2017.
    There are no known significant alternatives to the rule that 
would accomplish the stated objectives of the E.O. and DOL 
regulation. In its final rule, DOL introduced several changes and 
clarifications that may ease the compliance burden. For instance, 
DOL provided greater detail and clarity about how companies with 
paid time off policies can use those policies to satisfy their 
obligations under the E.O. In addition, if a collective bargaining 
agreement (CBA) ratified before September 30, 2016, applies to an 
employee's work performed on or in connection with a covered 
contract and provides at least 56 hours of paid sick time each year, 
the employee will be exempted from the requirements of the E.O. and 
29 CFR part 13 until CBA termination or January 1, 2020, whichever 
is earlier.
    The rule was also modified to allow employers to meet the 
requirements of this rule through multiemployer plans or other 
funds, plans, or programs. This may ease the burden for those 
employers in industries with transitory or mobile workforces.

    Interested parties may obtain a copy of the FRFA from the 
Regulatory Secretariat Division. The Regulatory Secretariat Division 
has submitted a copy of the FRFA to the Chief Counsel for Advocacy of 
the Small Business Administration.

VI. Paperwork Reduction Act

    The Paperwork Reduction Act (44 U.S.C. Chapter 35) applies. 
However, the information collection requirements to the paperwork 
burden were previously approved for the DOL regulations under OMB 
Control Numbers 1235-0018, Records to be kept by Employers--Fair Labor 
Standards Act, 1235-0021, Employment Information Form, and 1235-0029, 
Government Contractor Paid Sick Leave.

List of Subjects in 48 CFR Parts 1, 11, 22, and 52

    Government procurement.

    Dated: July 31, 2018.
William F. Clark,
Director, Office of Government-wide Acquisition Policy, Office of 
Acquisition Policy, Office of Government-wide Policy.

Interim Rule Adopted as Final Without Change

0
Accordingly, the interim rule amending 48 CFR parts 1, 11, 22, and 52 
which was published in the Federal Register at 81 FR 91627 on December 
16, 2016, is adopted as a final rule without change.

[FR Doc. 2018-17824 Filed 8-21-18; 8:45 am]
 BILLING CODE 6820-EP-P

Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 163 / Wednesday, August 22, 2018 / Rules and Regulations 42569

Dated: August 1, 2018. Register at 80 FR 54697 on September III. Executive Orders 12866 and 13563
Shay D. Assad, 10, 2015. The E.O. seeks to increase Executive Orders (E.O.s) 12866 and
Director, Defense Pricing/Defense efficiency and cost savings in the work 13563 direct agencies to assess all costs
Procurement and Acquisition Policy. performed by parties who contract with and benefits of available regulatory
Dated: August 14, 2018. the Federal Government by ensuring alternatives and, if regulation is
Jeffrey A. Koses, that employees on those contracts can necessary, to select regulatory
Senior Procurement Executive/Deputy CAO, earn up to 7 days or more of paid sick approaches that maximize net benefits
Office of Acquisition Policy, U.S. General leave annually, including paid sick (including potential economic,
Services Administration. leave for family care. The interim FAR environmental, public health and safety
Dated: August 2, 2018. rule also implemented the final rule effects, distributive impacts, and
William G. Roets, II, issued by the Wage and Hour Division equity). E.O. 13563, Improving
Acting Assistant Administrator, Office of
of the Department of Labor (DOL) to Regulation and Regulatory Review,
Procurement, National Aeronautics and implement E.O. 13706. The DOL final emphasizes the importance of
Space Administration. rule, entitled ‘‘Establishing Paid Sick quantifying both costs and benefits, of
[FR Doc. 2018–17822 Filed 8–21–18; 8:45 am] Leave for Federal Contractors’’, was reducing costs, of harmonizing rules,
BILLING CODE 6820–EP–P
published in the Federal Register at 81 and of promoting flexibility. This is not
FR 67598 on September 30, 2016. Seven a significant regulatory action and,
respondents submitted comments on the therefore, was not subject to review
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE interim FAR rule. under section 6(b) of E.O. 12866,
II. Discussion and Analysis Regulatory Planning and Review, dated
GENERAL SERVICES September 30, 1993. This rule is not a
ADMINISTRATION The Civilian Agency Acquisition major rule under 5 U.S.C. 804.
Council and the Defense Acquisition
NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND Regulations Council (the Councils) IV. Executive Order 13771
SPACE ADMINISTRATION reviewed the comments in the This rule is not subject to E.O. 13771,
development of the final rule. A Reducing Regulation and Controlling
48 CFR Parts 1, 11, 22, and 52 discussion of the comments is provided Regulatory Costs, because this rule is
[FAC 2005–100; FAR Case 2017–001, Item as follows: not a significant regulatory action under
I; Docket No. 2017–0001; Sequence No. 1] E.O. 12866.
A. Summary of Significant Changes
RIN 9000–AN27 V. Regulatory Flexibility Act
There are no changes to the interim
rule. DoD, GSA, and NASA have prepared
Federal Acquisition Regulation; Paid a Final Regulatory Flexibility Analysis
Sick Leave for Federal Contractors B. Analysis of Public Comments (FRFA) consistent with the Regulatory
AGENCY: Department of Defense (DoD), Flexibility Act, 5 U.S.C. 601 et seq. The
Comment: Six respondents strongly
General Services Administration (GSA), FRFA is summarized as follows:
supported the interim FAR rule. The
and National Aeronautics and Space respondents stated that the interim rule DoD, GSA, and NASA are converting to a
Administration (NASA). is necessary to guarantee more workers final rule, without change, an interim rule
ACTION: Final rule. that amended the Federal Acquisition
the job and economic security that paid Regulation (FAR) to implement Executive
sick days provide, reduce workplace Order (E.O.) 13706, Establishing Paid Sick
SUMMARY: DoD, GSA, and NASA are
contagion, and increase productivity Leave for Federal Contractors, dated
adopting as final, without change, an
and retention. The respondents also September 7, 2015, and associated
interim rule amending the Federal Department of Labor (DOL) regulatory
presented rationale as to why the
Acquisition Regulation (FAR) to requirements at 29 CFR part 13. DOL
interim rule will benefit businesses,
implement the Executive Order (E.O.), published a final regulatory flexibility
individual workers, taxpayers, and the
Establishing Paid Sick Leave for Federal analysis in their final rule (81 FR 67598 at
economy.
Contractors. The interim rule also 67703).
implemented a final rule issued by the Response: Noted. The FAR rule established requirements for
Department of Labor. Comment: One respondent provided a contractors under contracts containing the
clauses at FAR 52.222–6, Construction Wage
DATES: Effective: August 22, 2018. scenario and asked whether in that
Rate Requirements, or FAR 52.222–41,
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ms. instance the contract was subject to the Service Contract Labor Standards, i.e.,
Zenaida Delgado, Procurement Analyst, requirements of this FAR rule. The ‘‘covered contracts,’’ to allow employees to
at 202–969–7207 for clarification of respondent described a contract action accrue and use paid sick leave in accordance
content. For information pertaining to extending the term of the contract by with E.O. 13706 and 29 CFR part 13.
status or publication schedules, contact exercising an option adjusting the price Contractors must also include a paid sick
for escalations in labor rates. leave contract clause in covered subcontracts
the Regulatory Secretariat Division at and require covered subcontractors to
202–501–4755. Please cite FAC 2005– Response: According to DOL (see include the substance of the clause in
100, FAR Case 2017–001. Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, 81 FR covered lower-tier contracts.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 9592, published February 25, 2016), No public comments were received in
unilateral exercise of a contract option response to the initial regulatory flexibility
I. Background that has pre-negotiated prices that are analysis.
This rule applies to contracts and
amozie on DSK3GDR082PROD with RULES2

DoD, GSA, and NASA published an subject to adjustment due to escalation
interim rule in the Federal Register at in labor rates is not a new contract subcontracts at all tiers covered by the
Service Contract Labor Standards statute, or
81 FR 91627 on December 16, 2016, to covered by E.O. 13706, as implemented the Wage Rate Requirements (Construction)
implement E.O. 13706, Establishing in the DOL rule and FAR rule, as long statute, which require performance in whole
Paid Sick Leave for Federal Contractors. as no bilateral negotiations occur (other or in part within the United States. For
The E.O. was signed September 7, 2015, than any necessary to determine and procurement contracts where employees’
and was published in the Federal effectuate those pricing adjustments). wages are governed by the Fair Labor

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42570 Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 163 / Wednesday, August 22, 2018 / Rules and Regulations

Standards Act, this rule applies when the Interested parties may obtain a copy Acquisition Regulation (FAR) to
contract exceeds the micro-purchase of the FRFA from the Regulatory implement Executive Order (E.O.), Non-
threshold, as defined in FAR 2.101. When Secretariat Division. The Regulatory Retaliation for Disclosure of
performance is in part within and in part
outside the United States, the rule applies to
Secretariat Division has submitted a Compensation Information. The interim
the part of the contract or subcontract copy of the FRFA to the Chief Counsel rule also implemented a final rule
performed within the United States. Data for Advocacy of the Small Business issued by the Department of Labor.
available through the Federal Procurement Administration. DATES: Effective: August 22, 2018.
Data System (FPDS) for Fiscal Year 2015,
VI. Paperwork Reduction Act FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ms.
reveals contracts were awarded to 18,874
unique small business vendors for services, Zenaida Delgado, Procurement Analyst,
The Paperwork Reduction Act (44
which contained the FAR clause at 52.222– at 202–969–7207 for clarification of
U.S.C. Chapter 35) applies. However,
41, Service Contract Labor Standards. content. For information pertaining to
the information collection requirements
Additionally, contracts were awarded to status or publication schedules, contact
6,753 unique small business vendors for to the paperwork burden were
the Regulatory Secretariat Division at
construction, which contained the FAR previously approved for the DOL
202–501–4755. Please cite FAC 2005–
clause at 52.222–6, Construction Wage Rate regulations under OMB Control
100, FAR Case 2016–007.
Requirements, for a total of 25,627 unique Numbers 1235–0018, Records to be kept
small businesses. by Employers—Fair Labor Standards SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
The DOL final rule identifies records to be Act, 1235–0021, Employment
kept by all firms, including small entities (29 I. Background
Information Form, and 1235–0029,
CFR 13.25). Some records are already DoD, GSA, and NASA published an
required under the Fair Labor Standards Act, Government Contractor Paid Sick Leave.
interim rule in the Federal Register at
Service Contract Labor Standards statute, the List of Subjects in 48 CFR Parts 1, 11, 81 FR 67732 on September 30, 2016, to
Wage Rate Requirements (Construction) 22, and 52
statute, and their governing regulations. DOL implement E.O. 13665, Non-retaliation
noted in their final rule (81 FR 67598 at Government procurement. for Disclosure of Compensation
67669) that OMB assigned control number Information. The E.O. was signed April
Dated: July 31, 2018.
1235–0029 for the recordkeeping 8, 2014, and was published in the
requirements related to paid sick leave. The William F. Clark, Federal Register at 79 FR 20749 on
information collection requirement under Director, Office of Government-wide April 11, 2014. E.O. 13665 amends E.O.
1235–0029 includes recordkeeping and Acquisition Policy, Office of Acquisition 11246 to provide for a uniform policy
regulatory familiarization. Policy, Office of Government-wide Policy.
Regarding initial implementation, DOL
for the Federal Government to prohibit
assumed firms that need to create a sick leave Interim Rule Adopted as Final Without Federal contractors from discriminating
policy will each spend 10 hours of time Change against employees and job applicants
developing this policy, regardless of the who inquire about, discuss, or disclose
number of employees, and firms with a ■ Accordingly, the interim rule their own compensation or the
program in place will spend one hour, amending 48 CFR parts 1, 11, 22, and compensation of other employees or
regardless of the number of employees. DOL 52 which was published in the Federal applicants. The interim FAR rule also
also stated in its final rule that ‘‘Transfers Register at 81 FR 91627 on December implemented the final rule issued by the
from small contractors and costs to small 16, 2016, is adopted as a final rule
contractors in Year 1 are less than 0.02
Office of Federal Contract Compliance
without change. Programs (OFCCP) of the Department of
percent of revenues on average and are no
more than 0.17 percent in any industry’’. [FR Doc. 2018–17824 Filed 8–21–18; 8:45 am] Labor (DOL) to implement E.O. 13665.
Therefore, according to DOL its final rule BILLING CODE 6820–EP–P The DOL final rule, entitled
would not have a significant impact on small ‘‘Government Contractors, Prohibitions
businesses. This FAR rule finalizes the Against Pay Secrecy Policies and
interim rule without change and neither DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE Actions’’, was published in the Federal
increases nor decreases the cost of the Register at 80 FR 54934, on September
interim rule (81 FR 91627), which has been GENERAL SERVICES 11, 2015. The DOL rule revises 41 CFR
in effect since January 1, 2017. ADMINISTRATION
There are no known significant alternatives part 60–1. Two respondents submitted
to the rule that would accomplish the stated comments on the interim FAR rule.
NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND
objectives of the E.O. and DOL regulation. In II. Discussion and Analysis
its final rule, DOL introduced several
SPACE ADMINISTRATION
changes and clarifications that may ease the The Civilian Agency Acquisition
compliance burden. For instance, DOL 48 CFR Parts 1, 22, and 52 Council and the Defense Acquisition
provided greater detail and clarity about how [FAC 2005–100; FAR Case 2016–007; Item Regulations Council (the Councils)
companies with paid time off policies can II; Docket No. 2016–0007; Sequence No. 1] reviewed the public comments in the
use those policies to satisfy their obligations
under the E.O. In addition, if a collective
development of the final rule. A
RIN 9000–AN10
bargaining agreement (CBA) ratified before discussion of the comments is provided
September 30, 2016, applies to an employee’s Federal Acquisition Regulation: Non- as follows:
work performed on or in connection with a Retaliation for Disclosure of A. Summary of Significant Changes
covered contract and provides at least 56 Compensation Information
hours of paid sick time each year, the There are no changes to the interim
employee will be exempted from the AGENCY: Department of Defense (DoD), rule.
requirements of the E.O. and 29 CFR part 13 General Services Administration (GSA),
until CBA termination or January 1, 2020, B. Analysis of Public Comments
amozie on DSK3GDR082PROD with RULES2

and National Aeronautics and Space
whichever is earlier. Comment: Both respondents strongly
Administration (NASA).
The rule was also modified to allow
employers to meet the requirements of this ACTION: Final rule. supported the interim FAR rule. Both
rule through multiemployer plans or other respondents stated that the interim rule
funds, plans, or programs. This may ease the SUMMARY: DoD, GSA, and NASA is necessary to bring an end to pay
burden for those employers in industries adopted as final, without change, an secrecy policies and practices that
with transitory or mobile workforces. interim rule amending the Federal perpetuate discrimination, including the

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Document Created: 2018-08-22 00:38:20
Document Modified: 2018-08-22 00:38:20

Category		Regulatory Information
Collection		Federal Register
sudoc Class		AE 2.7: GS 4.107: AE 2.106:
Publisher		Office of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Administration
Section		Rules and Regulations
Action		Final rule.
Dates		Effective: August 22, 2018.
Contact		Ms. Zenaida Delgado, Procurement Analyst, at 202-969-7207 for clarification of content. For information pertaining to status or publication schedules, contact the Regulatory Secretariat Division at 202-501-4755. Please cite FAC 2005-100, FAR Case 2017-001.
FR Citation		83 FR 42569
RIN Number		9000-AN27
CFR Citation		48 CFR 11 48 CFR 1 48 CFR 22 48 CFR 52

83 FR 42569 - Federal Acquisition Regulation; Paid Sick Leave for Federal Contractors

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSEGENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATIONNATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION

Federal Register Volume 83, Issue 163 (August 22, 2018)

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
GENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION
NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION