83 FR 58740 - Special Conditions: Garmin International, Textron Aviation Inc. Model 560XL; Airplane Electronic-System Security Protection From Unauthorized External Access

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Federal Aviation Administration

Federal Register Volume 83, Issue 225 (November 21, 2018)

Page Range		58740-58742
FR Document		2018-25362

These special conditions are issued for the Textron Aviation (Textron) Model 560XL, formerly known as, prior to July 29, 2015, the Cessna Model 560XL. This airplane, as modified by Garmin International (Garmin), will have a novel or unusual design feature when compared to the state of technology envisioned in the airworthiness standards for transport category airplanes. This design feature is Garmin G5000 avionics that allow external connection to previously isolated data networks, which are connected to systems that perform functions required for the safe operation of the airplane. This feature creates a potential for unauthorized persons to access the aircraft- control domain and airline information-services domain, and presents security vulnerabilities related to the introduction of computer viruses and worms, user errors, and intentional sabotage of airplane electronic assets (networks, systems, and databases). The applicable airworthiness regulations do not contain adequate or appropriate safety standards for this design feature. These special conditions contain the additional safety standards that the Administrator considers necessary to establish a level of safety equivalent to that established by the existing airworthiness standards.

Federal Register, Volume 83 Issue 225 (Wednesday, November 21, 2018)

[Federal Register Volume 83, Number 225 (Wednesday, November 21, 2018)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 58740-58742]
From the Federal Register Online [www.thefederalregister.org]
[FR Doc No: 2018-25362]

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DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

Federal Aviation Administration

14 CFR Part 25

[Docket No. FAA-2018-0781; Special Conditions No. 25-737-SC]

Special Conditions: Garmin International, Textron Aviation Inc.
Model 560XL; Airplane Electronic-System Security Protection From
Unauthorized External Access

AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT.

ACTION: Final special conditions; request for comments.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

SUMMARY: These special conditions are issued for the Textron Aviation
(Textron) Model 560XL, formerly known as, prior to July 29, 2015, the
Cessna Model 560XL. This airplane, as modified by Garmin International
(Garmin), will have a novel or unusual design feature when compared to
the state of technology envisioned in the airworthiness standards for
transport category airplanes. This design feature is Garmin G5000
avionics that allow external connection to previously isolated data
networks, which are connected to systems that perform

[[Page 58741]]

functions required for the safe operation of the airplane. This feature
creates a potential for unauthorized persons to access the aircraft-
control domain and airline information-services domain, and presents
security vulnerabilities related to the introduction of computer
viruses and worms, user errors, and intentional sabotage of airplane
electronic assets (networks, systems, and databases). The applicable
airworthiness regulations do not contain adequate or appropriate safety
standards for this design feature. These special conditions contain the
additional safety standards that the Administrator considers necessary
to establish a level of safety equivalent to that established by the
existing airworthiness standards.

DATES: This action is effective on Garmin on November 21, 2018. Send
comments on or before January 7, 2019.

ADDRESSES: Send comments identified by docket no. FAA-2018-0781 using
any of the following methods:
Federal eRegulations Portal: Go to http://www.regulations.gov/ and follow the online instructions for sending
your comments electronically.
Mail: Send comments to Docket Operations, M-30, U.S.
Department of Transportation (DOT), 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE, Room
W12-140, West Building Ground Floor, Washington, DC 20590-0001.
Hand Delivery or Courier: Take comments to Docket
Operations in Room W12-140 of the West Building Ground Floor at 1200
New Jersey Avenue SE, Washington, DC, between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday
through Friday, except Federal holidays.
Fax: Fax comments to Docket Operations at 202-493-2251.
Privacy: The FAA will post all comments it receives, without
change, to http://www.regulations.gov/, including any personal
information the commenter provides. Using the search function of the
docket website, anyone can find and read the electronic form of all
comments received into any FAA docket, including the name of the
individual sending the comment (or signing the comment for an
association, business, labor union, etc.). DOT's complete Privacy Act
Statement can be found in the Federal Register published on April 11,
2000 (65 FR 19477-19478).
Docket: Background documents or comments received may be read at
http://www.regulations.gov/ at any time. Follow the online instructions
for accessing the docket or go to Docket Operations in Room W12-140 of
the West Building Ground Floor at 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE,
Washington, DC, between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through Friday,
except Federal holidays.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Varun Khanna, Airplane and Flightcrew
Interface Section, AIR-671, Transport Standards Branch, Policy and
Innovation Division, Aircraft Certification Service, Federal Aviation
Administration, 2200 South 216th Street, Des Moines, Washington 98198;
telephone and fax 206-231-3159; email varun.khanna@faa.gov.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The substance of these special conditions
has been published in the Federal Register for public comment in
several prior instances with no substantive comments received. The FAA
therefore finds it unnecessary to delay the effective date and finds
that good cause exists for making these special conditions effective
upon publication in the Federal Register.

Comments Invited

We invite interested people to take part in this rulemaking by
sending written comments, data, or views. The most helpful comments
reference a specific portion of the special conditions, explain the
reason for any recommended change, and include supporting data.
We will consider all comments we receive by the closing date for
comments. We may change these special conditions based on the comments
we receive.

Background

On March 21, 2017, Garmin applied for a supplemental type
certificate to install Garmin G5000 avionics connected to the aircraft-
control domain and airline information-services domain in Textron Model
560XL airplanes. This is a twin-engine, turbofan airplane with seating
for 12 passengers and two crew members, and a maximum takeoff weight of
20,200 pounds.

Type Certification Basis

Under the provisions of title 14, Code of Federal Regulations (14
CFR) 21.101, Garmin must show that the Textron Model 560XL airplane, as
changed, continues to meet the applicable provisions of the regulations
listed in Type Certificate No. A22CE, or the applicable regulations in
effect on the date of application for the change, except for earlier
amendments as agreed upon by the FAA.
If the Administrator finds that the applicable airworthiness
regulations (i.e., 14 CFR part 25) do not contain adequate or
appropriate safety standards for the Textron Model 560XL airplane
because of a novel or unusual design feature, special conditions are
prescribed under the provisions of Sec. 21.16.
Special conditions are initially applicable to the model for which
they are issued. Should the applicant apply for a supplemental type
certificate to modify any other model included on the same type
certificate to incorporate the same novel or unusual design feature,
these special conditions would also apply to the other model under
Sec. 21.101.
In addition to the applicable airworthiness regulations and special
conditions, the Textron Model 560XL airplane must comply with the fuel-
vent and exhaust-emission requirements of 14 CFR part 34, and the
noise-certification requirements of 14 CFR part 36.
The FAA issues special conditions, as defined in 14 CFR 11.19, in
accordance with Sec. 11.38, and they become part of the type
certification basis under Sec. 21.101.

Novel or Unusual Design Features

The Textron Model 560XL airplane, as modified by Garmin, will
incorporate the following novel or unusual design features:
Garmin G5000 avionics that allow external connection to previously
isolated data networks, which are connected to systems that perform
functions required for the safe operation of the airplane.

Discussion

The Textron Model 560XL airplane architecture and network
configuration may allow increased connectivity to and access from
external network sources and airline operations and maintenance
networks to the airplane control domain and airline information
services domain. The airplane control domain and airline information-
services domain perform functions required for the safe operation and
maintenance of the airplane. Previously, these domains had very limited
connectivity with external network sources. This data network and
design integration creates a potential for unauthorized persons to
access the aircraft-control domain and airline information-services
domain, and presents security vulnerabilities related to the
introduction of computer viruses and worms, user errors, and
intentional sabotage of airplane electronic assets (networks, systems,
and databases) critical to the safety and maintenance of the airplane.
The existing regulations and guidance material did not anticipate
these types of airplane system architectures. Furthermore, 14 CFR
regulations and the current system safety assessment policy and
techniques do not address

[[Page 58742]]

potential security vulnerabilities, which could be exploited by
unauthorized access to airplane networks, data buses, and servers.
Therefore, these special conditions ensure that the security (i.e.,
confidentiality, integrity, and availability) of airplane systems is
not compromised by unauthorized wired or wireless electronic
connections.
These special conditions contain the additional safety standards
that the Administrator considers necessary to establish a level of
safety equivalent to that established by the existing airworthiness
standards.

Applicability

As discussed above, these special conditions are applicable to the
Textron Model 560XL airplane. Should Garmin apply at a later date for a
supplemental type certificate to modify any other model included on
Type Certificate No. A22CE to incorporate the same novel or unusual
design feature, these special conditions would apply to that model as
well.

Conclusion

This action affects only certain novel or unusual design features
on one model of airplane. It is not a rule of general applicability and
affects only the applicant who applied to the FAA for approval of the
features on the airplane.

List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 25

Aircraft, Aviation safety, Reporting and recordkeeping
requirements.

Authority Citation

The authority citation for these special conditions is as follows:

Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(f), 106(g), 40113, 44701, 44702, 44704.

The Special Conditions

Accordingly, pursuant to the authority delegated to me by the
Administrator, the following special conditions are issued as part of
the type certification basis for Textron Model 560XL airplanes, as
modified by Garmin, for airplane electronic-system security protection
from unauthorized external access.
1. The applicant must ensure airplane electronic-system security
protection from access by unauthorized sources external to the
airplane, including those possibly caused by maintenance activity.
2. The applicant must ensure that electronic-system security
threats are identified and assessed, and that effective electronic-
system security protection strategies are implemented to protect the
airplane from all adverse impacts on safety, functionality, and
continued airworthiness.
3. The applicant must establish appropriate procedures to allow the
operator to ensure that continued airworthiness of the airplane is
maintained, including all post-type-certification modifications that
may have an impact on the approved electronic-system security
safeguards.

Issued in Des Moines, Washington, on November 15, 2018.
Chris R. Parker,
Acting Manager, Transport Standards Branch, Policy and Innovation
Division, Aircraft Certification Service.
[FR Doc. 2018-25362 Filed 11-20-18; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910-13-P

58740 Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 225 / Wednesday, November 21, 2018 / Rules and Regulations

in Textron Model 560XL airplanes. This for the safe operation of the airplane. conditions are issued as part of the type
is a twin-engine, turbofan airplane with This data network and design certification basis for Textron Model
seating for 12 passengers and two crew integration creates a potential for 560XL airplanes as modified by Garmin,
members, and a maximum takeoff unauthorized persons to access the for airplane electronic-system security
weight of 20,200 pounds. aircraft-control domain and airline protection from unauthorized internal
information-services domain, and access.
Type Certification Basis 1. The applicant must ensure that the
presents security vulnerabilities related
Under the provisions of title 14, Code to the introduction of computer viruses design provides isolation from, or
of Federal Regulations (14 CFR) 21.101, and worms, user errors, and intentional airplane electronic-system security
Garmin must show that the Textron sabotage of airplane electronic assets protection against, access by
Model 560XL airplane, as changed, (networks, systems, and databases) unauthorized sources internal to the
continues to meet the applicable critical to the safety and maintenance of airplane. The design must prevent
provisions of the regulations listed in the airplane. inadvertent and malicious changes to,
Type Certificate No. A22CE, or the The existing regulations and guidance and all adverse impacts upon, airplane
applicable regulations in effect on the material did not anticipate this type of equipment, systems, networks, or other
date of application for the change, system architecture or electronic access assets required for safe flight and
except for earlier amendments as agreed to airplane systems. Furthermore, 14 operations.
upon by the FAA. CFR regulations and the current system- 2. The applicant must establish
If the Administrator finds that the safety assessment policy and techniques appropriate procedures to allow the
applicable airworthiness regulations do not address potential security operator to ensure that continued
(i.e., 14 CFR part 25) do not contain vulnerabilities, which could be airworthiness of the airplane is
adequate or appropriate safety standards exploited by unauthorized access to maintained, including all post-type-
for the Textron Model 560XL airplane airplane networks and servers. certification modifications that may
because of a novel or unusual design Therefore, these special conditions have an impact on the approved
feature, special conditions are ensure that the security of airplane electronic-system security safeguards.
prescribed under the provisions of systems and networks is not Issued in Des Moines, Washington, on
§ 21.16. compromised by unauthorized wired or November 15, 2018.
Special conditions are initially wireless internal access. Chris R. Parker,
applicable to the model for which they These special conditions contain the Acting Manager, Transport Standards
are issued. Should the applicant apply additional safety standards that the Branch, Policy and Innovation Division,
for a supplemental type certificate to Administrator considers necessary to Aircraft Certification Service.
modify any other model included on the establish a level of safety equivalent to [FR Doc. 2018–25363 Filed 11–20–18; 8:45 am]
same type certificate to incorporate the that established by the existing BILLING CODE 4910–13–P
same novel or unusual design feature, airworthiness standards.
these special conditions would also
apply to the other model under § 21.101. Applicability
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
In addition to the applicable As discussed above, these special
airworthiness regulations and special conditions are applicable to the Textron Federal Aviation Administration
conditions, the Textron Model 560XL Model 560XL airplane. Should Garmin
airplane must comply with the fuel-vent apply at a later date for a supplemental 14 CFR Part 25
and exhaust-emission requirements of type certificate to modify any other
[Docket No. FAA–2018–0781; Special
14 CFR part 34, and the noise- model included on Type Certificate No. Conditions No. 25–737–SC]
certification requirements of 14 CFR A22CE to incorporate the same novel or
part 36. unusual design feature, these special Special Conditions: Garmin
The FAA issues special conditions, as conditions would apply to that model as International, Textron Aviation Inc.
defined in 14 CFR 11.19, in accordance well. Model 560XL; Airplane Electronic-
with § 11.38, and they become part of System Security Protection From
the type certification basis under Conclusion
Unauthorized External Access
§ 21.101. This action affects only certain novel
or unusual design features on one model AGENCY: Federal Aviation
Novel or Unusual Design Features of airplane. It is not a rule of general Administration (FAA), DOT.
The Textron Model 560XL airplane, applicability and affects only the ACTION: Final special conditions; request
as modified by Garmin, will incorporate applicant who applied to the FAA for for comments.
the following novel or unusual design approval of the features on the airplane.
features: SUMMARY: These special conditions are
Garmin G5000 avionics that allow List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 25 issued for the Textron Aviation
internal connection to previously Aircraft, Aviation safety, Reporting (Textron) Model 560XL, formerly
isolated data networks, which are and recordkeeping requirements. known as, prior to July 29, 2015, the
connected to systems that perform Cessna Model 560XL. This airplane, as
Authority Citation modified by Garmin International
functions required for the safe operation
of the airplane. The authority citation for these (Garmin), will have a novel or unusual
special conditions is as follows: design feature when compared to the
khammond on DSK30JT082PROD with RULES

Discussion state of technology envisioned in the
Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(f), 106(g), 40113,
The Textron Model 560XL airplane 44701, 44702, 44704. airworthiness standards for transport
architecture is novel or unusual for category airplanes. This design feature
commercial transport airplanes because The Special Conditions is Garmin G5000 avionics that allow
it allows connection to previously Accordingly, pursuant to the external connection to previously
isolated data networks connected to authority delegated to me by the isolated data networks, which are
systems that perform functions required Administrator, the following special connected to systems that perform

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58742 Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 225 / Wednesday, November 21, 2018 / Rules and Regulations

potential security vulnerabilities, which impacts on safety, functionality, and DC, 20591; telephone: (202) 267–8783.
could be exploited by unauthorized continued airworthiness. The Order is also available for
access to airplane networks, data buses, 3. The applicant must establish inspection at the National Archives and
and servers. Therefore, these special appropriate procedures to allow the Records Administration (NARA). For
conditions ensure that the security (i.e., operator to ensure that continued information on the availability of FAA
confidentiality, integrity, and airworthiness of the airplane is Order 7400.11C at NARA, call (202)
availability) of airplane systems is not maintained, including all post-type- 741–6030, or go to https://
compromised by unauthorized wired or certification modifications that may www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/
wireless electronic connections. have an impact on the approved ibr-locations.html.
These special conditions contain the electronic-system security safeguards. FAA Order 7400.11, Airspace
additional safety standards that the Issued in Des Moines, Washington, on Designations and Reporting Points, is
Administrator considers necessary to November 15, 2018. published yearly and effective on
establish a level of safety equivalent to Chris R. Parker, September 15.
that established by the existing Acting Manager, Transport Standards FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: John
airworthiness standards. Branch, Policy and Innovation Division, Fornito, Operations Support Group,
Applicability Aircraft Certification Service. Eastern Service Center, Federal Aviation
[FR Doc. 2018–25362 Filed 11–20–18; 8:45 am] Administration, 1701 Columbia Ave,
As discussed above, these special BILLING CODE 4910–13–P College Park, GA 30337; telephone (404)
conditions are applicable to the Textron 305–6364.
Model 560XL airplane. Should Garmin SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
apply at a later date for a supplemental DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
type certificate to modify any other Authority for This Rulemaking
model included on Type Certificate No. Federal Aviation Administration The FAA’s authority to issue rules
A22CE to incorporate the same novel or regarding aviation safety is found in
unusual design feature, these special 14 CFR Part 71 Title 49 of the United States Code.
conditions would apply to that model as [Docket No. FAA–2018–0741; Airspace Subtitle I, Section 106 describes the
well. Docket No. 18–ASO–13] authority of the FAA Administrator.
Conclusion RIN 2120–AA66
Subtitle VII, Aviation Programs,
describes in more detail the scope of the
This action affects only certain novel agency’s authority. This rulemaking is
or unusual design features on one model Amendment of Class D Airspace and
Establishment of Class E Airspace; promulgated under the authority
of airplane. It is not a rule of general described in Subtitle VII, Part A,
applicability and affects only the Tyndall AFB, FL
Subpart I, Section 40103. Under that
applicant who applied to the FAA for AGENCY: Federal Aviation section, the FAA is charged with
approval of the features on the airplane. Administration (FAA), DOT. prescribing regulations to assign the use
List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 25 ACTION: Final rule. of airspace necessary to ensure the
safety of aircraft and the efficient use of
Aircraft, Aviation safety, Reporting SUMMARY: This action establishes Class airspace. This regulation is within the
and recordkeeping requirements. E surface airspace at Tyndall Air Force scope of that authority as it establishes
Base, (AFB), FL, for the safety of aircraft Class E surface airspace and amends
Authority Citation landing and departing the airport when Class D airspace at Tyndall AFB, FL, to
The authority citation for these the air traffic control tower is closed. support IFR operations at this airport.
special conditions is as follows: Also, this action amends Class D
Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(f), 106(g), 40113, airspace by updating the geographic History
44701, 44702, 44704. coordinates of this airport, as well as The FAA published a notice of
replacing the outdated term ‘‘Airport/ proposed rulemaking in the Federal
The Special Conditions Facility Directory’’ with ‘‘Chart Register (83 FR 45861, September 11,
Accordingly, pursuant to the Supplement’’. Controlled airspace is 2018) for Docket No. FAA–2018–0741 to
authority delegated to me by the necessary for the safety and establish Class E surface airspace and
Administrator, the following special management of instrument flight rules amend Class D airspace at Tyndall AFB,
conditions are issued as part of the type (IFR) operations at this airport. FL, to support IFR operations at this
certification basis for Textron Model DATES: Effective 0901 UTC, January 3, airport.
560XL airplanes, as modified by 2019. The Director of the Federal Interested parties were invited to
Garmin, for airplane electronic-system Register approves this incorporation by participate in this rulemaking effort by
security protection from unauthorized reference action under Title 1 Code of submitting written comments on the
external access. Federal Regulations part 51, subject to proposal to the FAA. One comment
1. The applicant must ensure airplane the annual revision of FAA Order supporting the action was received.
electronic-system security protection 7400.11 and publication of conforming After the comment period closed, two
from access by unauthorized sources amendments. additional comments were received that
external to the airplane, including those ADDRESSES: FAA Order 7400.11C, did not clearly indicate a position in
possibly caused by maintenance Airspace Designations and Reporting support of the proposal, or in opposition
khammond on DSK30JT082PROD with RULES

activity. Points, and subsequent amendments can to the proposal.
2. The applicant must ensure that be viewed on line at http:// Class D and E airspace designations
electronic-system security threats are www.faa.gov/air_traffic/publications/. are published in Paragraphs 5000 and
identified and assessed, and that For further information, you can contact 6002, respectively, dated August 13,
effective electronic-system security the Airspace Policy Group, Federal 2018, and effective September 15, 2018,
protection strategies are implemented to Aviation Administration, 800 which is incorporated by reference in 14
protect the airplane from all adverse Independence Avenue SW, Washington, CFR part 71.1. The Class D and Class E

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Document Created: 2018-11-21 03:12:04
Document Modified: 2018-11-21 03:12:04

Category		Regulatory Information
Collection		Federal Register
sudoc Class		AE 2.7: GS 4.107: AE 2.106:
Publisher		Office of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Administration
Section		Rules and Regulations
Action		Final special conditions; request for comments.
Dates		This action is effective on Garmin on November 21, 2018. Send comments on or before January 7, 2019.
Contact		Varun Khanna, Airplane and Flightcrew Interface Section, AIR-671, Transport Standards Branch, Policy and Innovation Division, Aircraft Certification Service, Federal Aviation Administration, 2200 South 216th Street, Des Moines, Washington 98198; telephone and fax 206-231-3159; email [email protected]
FR Citation		83 FR 58740
CFR Associated		Aircraft; Aviation Safety and Reporting and Recordkeeping Requirements

83 FR 58740 - Special Conditions: Garmin International, Textron Aviation Inc. Model 560XL; Airplane Electronic-System Security Protection From Unauthorized External Access

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATIONFederal Aviation Administration

Federal Register Volume 83, Issue 225 (November 21, 2018)

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Federal Aviation Administration