SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

I. Background on the Montana Program

II. Description of the Proposed Amendment

III. Public Comment Procedures

IV. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

I. Background on the Montana Program

Section 503(a) of the Act permits a State to assume primacy for the regulation of surface coal mining and reclamation operations on non-Federal and non-Indian lands within its borders by demonstrating that its approved, State program includes, among other things, State laws and regulations that govern surface coal mining and reclamation operations in accordance with the Act and consistent with the Federal regulations. See30 U.S.C. 1253(a)(1) and (7). On the basis of these criteria, the Secretary of the Interior conditionally approved the Montana program on April 1, 1980. You can find background information on the Montana program, including the Secretary's findings, the disposition of comments, and conditions of approval of the Montana program in the April 1, 1980, Federal Register (45 FR 21560). You can also find later actions concerning the Montana program and program amendments at 30 CFR 926.15, 926.16, and 926.30.

II. Description of the Proposed Amendment

By letter dated June 1, 2023 (Administrative Record No. MT-042-01), Montana sent us an amendment to its program under SMCRA (30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.). We found Montana's proposed amendment to be administratively complete on June 5, 2023. Montana submitted this proposed amendment to us, of its own volition, following the passage of Montana House Bill 576 (HB 756) during the 2023 legislative session. HB 576 amends the Montana Strip and Underground Mine Reclamation Act codified at Mont. Code Ann. sec. 82-4-203 and sec. 82-4-222. HB 576 also adds four contingencies that apply to the proposed amendments. First, Montana proposes several changes to Mont. Code Ann. sec. 82-4-203(32), ( printed page 61051) which defines and describes “Material Damage.” Next, Montana proposes to amend its coal mine operation permit requirements related to hydrologic information Mont. Code Ann. sec. 82-4-222(1)(m). Lastly, HB 576 adds four contingencies to the proposed amendments of Mont. Code Ann. sec. 82-4-203(32) and sec. 82-4-222(1)(m) that are not codified into Mont. Code Ann. but apply to the amended sections: a severability clause, a contingent voidness clause, an effective date clause, and a retroactive applicability clause.

By letter dated August 18, 2023 (Administrative Record No. MT-042-09), we received a letter from interested parties requesting a 60-day extension of the public comment period for proposed amendment MT-042-FOR primarily due to technical difficulties accessing the Federal eRulemaking Portal and the inability to comment on topics of high interest. OSMRE agreed to extend the public comment period for MT-042-FOR to November 6, 2023.

Following our initial review, OSMRE sent a letter to the Montana Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) on March 28, 2024 (Administrative Record No. MT-042-34). The letter outlined our concerns with Montana's proposed amendment and offered Montana a decision to either (1) delay the amendment process, revise, and resubmit the amendment or (2) proceed to the final rulemaking. The concern letter was not an announcement of OSMRE's final decision on the Montana amendment. On April 26, 2024, we received a response to our concern letter from DEQ. (Administrative Record No. MT-042-35). DEQ stated in its response that it could not revise the proposed amendment to address OSMRE's concerns due to the amendment being prompted by legislative action. DEQ's response also provided further comments disagreeing with parts of OSMRE's concern letter. Following DEQ's response, we received feedback on the concern letter from three additional entities (Administrative Record No. MT-042-36, MT-042-37, and MT-042-38). Due to the increased interest in the concern letter, and in the interest of fairness for public participation, OSMRE has decided to re-open the public comment period for 15-days. The full text of the program amendment is available for you to read at the locations listed above under ADDRESSES or at www.regulations.gov.

III. Public Comment Procedures

Under the provisions of 30 CFR 732.17(h), we are seeking your comments on whether the amendment satisfies the applicable program approval criteria of 30 CFR 732.15. If we approve the amendment, it will become part of the State program.

Electronic or Written Comments

If you submit written or electronic comments on the proposed rule during the 15-day comment period, they should be specific, confined to issues pertinent to the proposed regulations, and explain the reason for any recommended change(s). We appreciate any and all comments, but those most useful and likely to influence decisions on the final regulations will be those that either involve personal experience or include citations to and analyses of SMCRA, its legislative history, its implementing regulations, case law, other pertinent State or Federal laws or regulations, technical literature, or other relevant publications.

We cannot ensure that comments received after the close of the comment period (see DATES ) or sent to an address other than those listed (see ADDRESSES ) will be included in the docket for this rulemaking and considered.

Public Availability of Comments

Before including your address, phone number, email address, or other personal identifying information in your comment, you should be aware that your entire comment including your personal identifying information, may be made publicly available at any time. While you can ask us in your comment to withhold your personal identifying information from public review, we cannot guarantee that we will be able to do so.

IV. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

Executive Order 12866—Regulatory Planning and Review, Executive Order 13563—Improving Regulation and Regulatory Review, and Executive Order 14094—Modernizing Regulatory Review

Executive Order 12866, as amended by Executive Order 14094, provides that the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs in the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) will review all significant rules. Pursuant to OMB guidance, dated October 12, 1993, the approval of State program amendments is exempted from OMB review under Executive Order 12866, as amended by Executive Oder 14094. Executive Order 13563, which reaffirms and supplements Executive Order 12866, retains this exemption.

Other Laws and Executive Orders Affecting Rulemaking

When a State submits a program amendment to OSMRE for review, our regulations at 30 CFR 732.17(h) require us to publish a notice in the Federal Register indicating receipt of the proposed amendment, its text or a summary of its terms, and an opportunity for public comment. We conclude our review of the proposed amendment after the close of the public comment period and determine whether the amendment should be approved, approved in part, or not approved. At that time, we will also make the determinations and certifications required by the various laws and Executive orders governing the rulemaking process and include them in the final rule.

89 FR 61050