Document

Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Initiation of 5-Year Status Reviews for 122 Species in Hawaii, Idaho, Oregon, and Washington

We, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, are initiating 5-year status reviews for 122 species in Hawaii, Idaho, Oregon, and Washington under the Endangered Species Act of 1973. A...

Department of the Interior
Fish and Wildlife Service
  1. [FWS-R1-ES-2024-N072; FXES11130100000-256-FF01E00000]

AGENCY:

Fish and Wildlife Service, Interior.

ACTION:

Notice of initiation of reviews; request for information.

SUMMARY:

We, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, are initiating 5-year status reviews for 122 species in Hawaii, Idaho, Oregon, and Washington under the Endangered Species Act of 1973. A 5-year status review is based on the best scientific and commercial data available at the time of the review; therefore, we are requesting submission of any new information on these species that has become available since the last reviews.

DATES:

To ensure consideration in our reviews, we are requesting submission of new information no later than November 10, 2025. However, we will continue to accept new information about any species at any time.

ADDRESSES:

Submitting Information on Species:

  • Any of the 119 species occurring in Hawaii:

U.S. mail: Field Supervisor, Attention: 5-Year Review, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office, 300 Ala Moana Blvd., Room 3-122, Honolulu, HI 96850; or

Email: .

  • Slickspot peppergrass and MacFarlane's four o'clock:

U.S. mail: State Supervisor, Attention: 5-Year Review, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Idaho Fish and Wildlife Office, 1387 S Vinnell Way, Suite 368, Boise, ID 83709; or

Email: .

  • Umtanum desert buckwheat:

U.S. mail: State Supervisor, Attention: 5-Year Review, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Washington Fish and Wildlife Office, 1009 College St. SE, Suite 215, Lacey, WA 98503; or

Email: .

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:

For general information, please contact Grant Canterbury, Regional Recovery Biologist, at 503-231-6151. Individuals in the United States who are deaf, deafblind, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability may dial 711 (TTY, TDD, or TeleBraille) to access telecommunications relay services. Individuals outside the United States should use the relay services offered within their country to make international calls to the point-of-contact in the United States.

For information about the following specific species, contact the following people:

  • Any of the 119 species occurring in Hawaii: Megan Laut, Recovery Program Manager, Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office, 808-792-9400; .
  • Slickspot peppergrass and MacFarlane's four o'clock: Shannon Brinkman, Recovery Coordinator, Idaho Fish and Wildlife Office, 208-918-2155; .
  • Umtanum desert buckwheat: Rose Agbalog, Recovery Coordinator, Washington Fish and Wildlife Office, 564-200-2124; .

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Why do we conduct 5-year status reviews?

Under the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended (Act; 16 U.S.C. 1531, et seq.), we maintain Lists of ( printed page 44085) Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants (which we collectively refer to as the List) in the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) at 50 CFR 17.11 (for animals) and 17.12 (for plants). Section 4(c)(2)(A) of the Act requires us to review the status of each listed species at least once every 5 years. For additional information about 5-year status reviews, refer to our factsheet at https://www.fws.gov/​project/​five-year-status-reviews.

What information do we consider in our review?

A 5-year status review considers all new information available at the time of the review. In conducting these reviews, we consider the best scientific and commercial data that have become available since the listing determination or most recent status reviews, such as:

A. Species biology, including but not limited to population trends, distribution, abundance, demographics, and genetics;

B. Habitat conditions, including but not limited to amount, distribution, and suitability;

C. Conservation measures that have been implemented that benefit the species;

D. Threat status and trends in relation to the five listing factors (as defined in section 4(a)(1) of the Act); and

E. Other new information, data, or corrections, including but not limited to taxonomic or nomenclatural changes, identification of erroneous information contained in the List, and improved analytical methods.

Any new information will be considered during the 5-year status review and will also be useful in evaluating the ongoing recovery programs for these species.

Which species are under review?

This notice announces our active review of 122 species, including 8 birds, 1 snail, 2 insects, 1 arachnid, 1 crustacean, and 109 plants, as listed in table 1.

Table 1—Species Under 5-Year Status Review

Common name Scientific name Status Known range of species occurrence Final listing rule and publication date
Animals
Birds:
Millerbird, Nihoa (old world warbler) Acrocephalus familiaris kingi Endangered Hawaii 32 FR 4001, 3/11/1967.
Duck, Laysan Anas laysanensis Endangered Hawaii 32 FR 4001, 3/11/1967.
'Akeke'e (honeycreeper) Loxops caeruleirostris Endangered Hawaii 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.95(b).CH
'Akikiki (honeycreeper) Oreomystis bairdi Endangered Hawaii 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.95(b).CH
'O'u (honeycreeper) Psittirostra psittacea Endangered Hawaii 32 FR 4001, 3/11/1967.
Petrel, Hawaiian [='ua'u] Pterodroma sandwichensis Endangered Hawaii 32 FR 4001, 3/11/1967.
Finch, Laysan (honeycreeper) Telespiza cantans Endangered Hawaii 32 FR 4001, 3/11/1967.
Finch, Nihoa (honeycreeper) Telespiza ultima Endangered Hawaii 32 FR 4001, 3/11/1967.
Snails:
Snail, Newcomb's Erinna newcombi Threatened Hawaii 65 FR 4162, 1/26/2000; 50 CFR 17.95(f).CH
Insects:
Fly, Hawaiian picture-wing Drosophila musaphilia Endangered Hawaii 71 FR 26835, 5/9/2006; 50 CFR 17.95(i).CH
Fly, Hawaiian picture-wing Drosophila sharpi Endangered Hawaii 71 FR 26835, 5/9/2006; 50 CFR 17.95(i).CH
Arachnids:
Spider, Kauai cave wolf [=pe'epe'emaka'ole] Adelocosa anops Endangered Hawaii 65 FR 2348, 1/14/2000; 50 CFR 17.95(g).CH
Crustaceans:
Amphipod, Kauai cave Spelaeorchestia koloana Endangered Hawaii 65 FR 2348, 1/14/2000; 50 CFR 17.95(h).CH
Plants
Flowering Plants:
Pa'iniu Astelia waialealae Endangered Hawaii 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH
'Ōlulu Brighamia insignis Endangered Hawaii 59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1); CH 50 CFR 17.99(a)(2).CH
'Āwikiwiki Canavalia napaliensis Endangered Hawaii 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH
Pāpala Charpentiera densiflora Endangered Hawaii 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH
Hāhā Cyanea asarifolia Endangered Hawaii 59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
Hāhā Cyanea dolichopoda Endangered Hawaii 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH
Hāhā Cyanea eleeleensis Endangered Hawaii 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH
Hāhā Cyanea kolekoleensis Endangered Hawaii 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH
Hāhā Cyanea kuhihewa Endangered Hawaii 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH
Hāhā Cyanea recta Threatened Hawaii 61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
Hāhā Cyanea remyi Endangered Hawaii 61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
Hāhā Cyanea [= Delissea] rivularis Endangered Hawaii 61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
( printed page 44086)
Hāhā Cyanea undulata Endangered Hawaii 56 FR 47695, 9/20/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
Māpele Cyrtandra cyaneoides Endangered Hawaii 61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
Ha'iwale Cyrtandra kealiae ssp. kealiae [= C. limahuliensis] Threatened Hawaii 59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
Ha'iwale Cyrtandra oenobarba Endangered Hawaii 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH
Ha'iwale Cyrtandra paliku Endangered Hawaii 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH
No common name Delissea rhytidosperma Endangered Hawaii 59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
Na'ena'e Dubautia imbricata ssp. imbricata Endangered Hawaii 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH
Na'ena'e Dubautia kalalauensis Endangered Hawaii 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH
Na'ena'e Dubautia kenwoodii Endangered Hawaii 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH
Koholāpehu Dubautia latifolia Endangered Hawaii 57 FR 20580, 5/13/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
Na'ena'e Dubautia pauciflorula Endangered Hawaii 56 FR 47695, 9/20/1991 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
Na'ena'e Dubautia plantaginea ssp. magnifolia Endangered Hawaii 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH
Na'ena'e Dubautia waialealae Endangered Hawaii 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH
Buckwheat, Umtanum desert Eriogonum codium Threatened Washington 78 FR 23983, 4/23/2013; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH
'Akoko Euphorbia [ =Chamaesyce] eleanoriae Endangered Hawaii 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH
'Akoko Euphorbia [ =Chamaesyce] halemanui Endangered Hawaii 57 FR 20580, 5/13/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
'Akoko Euphorbia [ =Chamaesyce] remyi var. kauaiensis Endangered Hawaii 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH
'Akoko Euphorbia [ =Chamaesyce] remyi var. remyi Endangered Hawaii 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH
Heau Exocarpos luteolus Endangered Hawaii 59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
Nohoanu Geranium kauaiense Endangered Hawaii 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH
No common name Hesperomannia arborescens Endangered Hawaii 59 FR 14482; 3/28/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1); CH 50 CFR 17.99(c); CH 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH
No common name Hesperomannia lydgatei Endangered Hawaii 56 FR 47695, 9/20/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
Kauai hau kuahiwi Hibiscadelphus distans Endangered Hawaii 51 FR 15903; 4/29/1986.
Hau kuahiwi Hibiscadelphus woodii Endangered Hawaii 61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
Hibiscus, Clay's [=Aloalo] Hibiscus clayi Endangered Hawaii 59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
Koki'o ke'oke'o Hibiscus waimeae ssp. hannerae Endangered Hawaii 61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
Aupaka Isodendrion laurifolium Endangered Hawaii 61 FR 53108, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1);CH 50 CFR 17.99(i). CH
No common name Kadua [= Hedyotis] st.-johnii Endangered Hawaii 56 FR 49639, 9/30/1991 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
No common name Keysseria [= Lagenifera] erici Endangered Hawaii 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH
No common name Keysseria [= Lagenifera] helenae Endangered Hawaii 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH
Koki'o Kokia kauaiensis Endangered Hawaii 61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
Kāmakahala Labordia helleri Endangered Hawaii 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH
Kāmakahala Labordia lydgatei Endangered Hawaii 56 FR 47695, 9/20/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
Kāmakahala Labordia pumila Endangered Hawaii 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH
Kāmakahala Labordia tinifolia var. wahiawaensis Endangered Hawaii 61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
Peppergrass, slickspot Lepidium papilliferum Threatened Idaho 74 FR 52014, 10/8/2009; 81 FR 55058, 8/17/2016; 50 CFR 17.96(a).CH
Nehe Lipochaeta fauriei Endangered Hawaii 59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
Nehe Lipochaeta micrantha Endangered Hawaii 59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
Nehe Lipochaeta waimeaensis Endangered Hawaii 59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
( printed page 44087)
Lehua makanoe Lysimachia daphnoides Endangered Hawaii 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH
No common name Lysimachia iniki Endangered Hawaii 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH
No common name Lysimachia pendens Endangered Hawaii 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH
No common name Lysimachia scopulensis Endangered Hawaii 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH
No common name Lysimachia venosa Endangered Hawaii 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH
Alani Melicope degeneri Endangered Hawaii 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH
Alani Melicope haupuensis Endangered Hawaii 59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
Alani Melicope pallida Endangered Hawaii 59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
Alani Melicope paniculata Endangered Hawaii 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH
Alani Melicope puberula Endangered Hawaii 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH
Alani Melicope quadrangularis Endangered Hawaii 59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994.
Pilo kea lau li'i Melicope [= Platydesma] rostrata Endangered Hawaii 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH
Four o'clock, MacFarlane's Mirabilis macfarlanei Threatened Idaho, Oregon 44 FR 61912, 10/26/1979; 61 FR 10693, 3/15/1996.
Kōlea Myrsine knudsenii Endangered Hawaii 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH
Kōlea Myrsine linearifolia Threatened Hawaii 61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
Kōlea Myrsine mezii Endangered Hawaii 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH
'Aiea Nothocestrum peltatum Endangered Hawaii 59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
Lau 'ehu Panicum niihauense Endangered Hawaii 61 FR 53108, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
Makou Peucedanum sandwicense Threatened Hawaii 59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1); CH 50 CFR 17.99(c)); CH 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1)); CH 50 CFR 17.99(i).CH
No common name Phyllostegia knudsenii Endangered Hawaii 61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
No common name Phyllostegia renovans Endangered Hawaii 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH
No common name Phyllostegia waimeae Endangered Hawaii 59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
No common name Phyllostegia wawrana Endangered Hawaii 61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
Hō'awa Pittosporum napaliense Endangered Hawaii 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH
Bluegrass, Mann's Poa mannii Endangered Hawaii 59 FR 56330, 11/10/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
Bluegrass, Hawaiian Poa sandvicensis Endangered Hawaii 57 FR 20580, 5/13/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
No common name Poa siphonoglossa Endangered Hawaii 57 FR 20580, 5/13/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
No common name [='Ohe'ohe] Polyscias bisattenuata Endangered Hawaii 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH
No common name [='Ohe'ohe] Polyscias flynnii Endangered Hawaii 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH
No common name Polyscias racemosa Endangered Hawaii 59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
Loulu Pritchardia hardyi Endangered Hawaii 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010.
Loulu Pritchardia napaliensis Endangered Hawaii 61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996.
Loulu Pritchardia viscosa Endangered Hawaii 61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996.
Kōpiko Psychotria grandiflora Endangered Hawaii 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH
Kōpiko Psychotria hobdyi Endangered Hawaii 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH
Kaulu Pteralyxia kauaiensis Endangered Hawaii 59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
No common name Remya kauaiensis Endangered Hawaii 56 FR 1450, 1/14/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
No common name Remya montgomeryi Endangered Hawaii 56 FR 1450, 1/14/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
Ma'oli'oli Schiedea apokremnos Endangered Hawaii 56 FR 49639, 9/30/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
No common name Schiedea attenuata Endangered Hawaii 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH
( printed page 44088)
No common name Schiedea helleri Endangered Hawaii 61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
No common name Schiedea kauaiensis Endangered Hawaii 61 FR 53108, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
Kuawāwaenohu Schiedea lychnoides Endangered Hawaii 61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
No common name Schiedea membranacea Endangered Hawaii 61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
No common name Schiedea spergulina var. leiopoda Endangered Hawaii 59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
No common name Schiedea spergulina var. spergulina Threatened Hawaii 59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
Laulihilihi [=Mā'oli'oli] Schiedea stellarioides Endangered Hawaii 61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
No common name Schiedea viscosa Endangered Hawaii 61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
No common name Stenogyne campanulata Endangered Hawaii 57 FR 20580, 5/13/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
No common name Stenogyne kealiae Endangered Hawaii 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH
No common name Viola helenae Endangered Hawaii 56 FR 47695, 9/20/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
Nani wai'ale'ale [=Pohe hiwa] Viola kauaiensis var. wahiawaensis Endangered Hawaii 61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
Iliau, dwarf Wilkesia hobdyi Endangered Hawaii 57 FR 27859; 6/22/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
No common name Xylosma crenatum Endangered Hawaii 57 FR 20580, 5/13/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
Ferns and Allies:
No common name Asplenium dielmannii Endangered Hawaii 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH
No common name Asplenium dielpallidum Endangered Hawaii 59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1).CH
No common name Doryopteris angelica Endangered Hawaii 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH
Palapalai 'aumakua Dryopteris crinalis var. podosorus Endangered Hawaii 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a).CH
Note: CH = Critical habitat designation.

Request for New Information

To ensure that a 5-year status review is complete and based on the best available scientific and commercial information, we request new information from all sources. See What Information Do We Consider in Our Review? for specific criteria. If you submit information, please support it with documentation such as maps, references, methods used to gather and analyze the data, and copies of any pertinent publications, reports, or letters by knowledgeable sources.

If you wish to provide information for any species listed in the table, please submit your comments and materials to the appropriate contact in ADDRESSES .

Public Availability of Comments

Before including your address, phone number, email address, or other personal identifying information in your comment, you should be aware that your entire comment—including your personal identifying information—may be made publicly available at any time. While you can ask us in your comment to withhold your personal identifying information from public review, we cannot guarantee that we will be able to do so.

Completed and Active Reviews

A table including hyperlinks to the most recently completed 5-year status review for each listed species, as well as notices of 5-year status reviews that are currently in progress, is available at https://ecos.fws.gov/​ecp/​report/​species-five-year-review.

Authority

This document is published under the authority of the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.).

Bridget Fahey,

Acting Regional Director, Pacific Region, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.

[FR Doc. 2025-17566 Filed 9-10-25; 8:45 am]

BILLING CODE 4333-15-P

Legal Citation

Federal Register Citation

Use this for formal legal and research references to the published document.

90 FR 44084

Web Citation

Suggested Web Citation

Use this when citing the archival web version of the document.

“Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Initiation of 5-Year Status Reviews for 122 Species in Hawaii, Idaho, Oregon, and Washington,” thefederalregister.org (September 11, 2025), https://thefederalregister.org/documents/2025-17566/endangered-and-threatened-wildlife-and-plants-initiation-of-5-year-status-reviews-for-122-species-in-hawaii-idaho-oregon.