SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: ( printed page 48045)

I. Executive Summary

A. What is the Agency's authority for taking this action?

TSCA section 5(a)(2) (15 U.S.C. 2604(a)(2)) authorizes EPA to determine that a use of a chemical substance is a “significant new use.” EPA must make this determination by rule after considering all relevant factors, including the factors in TSCA section 5(a)(2) (see also the discussion in Unit II.).

B. What action is the Agency taking?

EPA is proposing SNURs for the chemical substances discussed in Unit III. These SNURs, if finalized as proposed, would require persons who intend to manufacture or process any of these chemical substances for an activity that is designated as a significant new use to notify EPA at least 90 days before commencing that activity.

C. Does this action apply to me?

1. General Applicability

This action applies to you if you manufacture, process, or use the chemical substances contained in this proposed rule. The following list of North American Industrial Classification System (NAICS) codes is not intended to be exhaustive, but rather provides a guide to help readers determine whether this document applies to them. Potentially affected entities may include:

• Manufacturers or processors of one or more subject chemical substances (NAICS codes 325 and 324110),e.g., chemical manufacturing and petroleum refineries.

2. Applicability to Importers and Exporters

This action may also apply to certain entities through pre-existing import certification and export notification requirements under TSCA ( https://www.epa.gov/​tsca-import-export-requirements).

Chemical importers are subject to TSCA section 13 (15 U.S.C. 2612), the requirements in 19 CFR 12.118 through 12.127, 19 CFR 127.28, and 40 CFR 707.20. Importers of chemical substances in bulk form, as part of a mixture, or as part of an article (if required by rule) must certify that the shipment of the chemical substance complies with all applicable rules and orders under TSCA, including regulations issued under TSCA sections 5, 6, 7 and Title IV.

Pursuant to 40 CFR 721.20, any persons who export or intend to export a chemical substance that is the subject of this proposed rule on or after August 31, 2026 are subject to TSCA section 12(b) (15 U.S.C. 2611(b)) and must comply with the export notification requirements in 40 CFR part 707, subpart D.

D. What are the incremental economic impacts of this action?

EPA has evaluated the potential costs of establishing SNUN reporting requirements for potential manufacturers (including importers) and processors of the chemical substances subject to these proposed SNURs. This analysis, which is available in the docket, is briefly summarized here.

1. Estimated Costs for SNUN Submissions

If a SNUN is submitted, costs are an estimated $45,496 per SNUN submission for large business submitters and $14,976 for small business submitters. These estimates include the cost to prepare and submit the SNUN (including registration for EPA's Central Data Exchange (CDX)), and the payment of a user fee. Businesses that submit a SNUN would be subject to either a $37,000 user fee required by 40 CFR 700.45(c)(2)(ii) and (d), or, if they are a small business as defined at 13 CFR 121.201, a reduced user fee of $6,480 (40 CFR 700.45(c)(1)(ii) and (d)). The costs of submission for SNUNs will not be incurred by any company unless a company decides to pursue a significant new use as defined in these SNURs. Additionally, these estimates reflect the costs and fees as they are known at the time of this rulemaking.

2. Estimated Costs for Export Notifications

EPA has also evaluated the potential costs associated with the export notification requirements under TSCA section 12(b) and the implementing regulations at 40 CFR part 707, subpart D. For persons exporting a substance that is the subject of a SNUR, a one-time notice to EPA must be provided for the first export or intended export to a particular country. The total costs of export notification will vary by chemical, depending on the number of required notifications ( i.e., the number of countries to which the chemical is exported). While EPA is unable to make any estimate of the likely number of export notifications for the chemical substances covered by these SNURs, as stated in the accompanying economic analysis, the estimated cost of the export notification requirement on a per unit basis is approximately $106.

E. What should I consider as I prepare my comments for EPA?

1. Submitting CBI

Do not submit CBI to EPA through email or https://www.regulations.gov. If you wish to include CBI in your comment, please follow the applicable instructions at https://www.epa.gov/​dockets/​commenting-epa-dockets#rules and clearly mark the information that you claim to be CBI. Information so marked will not be disclosed except in accordance with procedures set forth in 40 CFR parts 2 and 703.

2. Tips for Preparing Your Comments

When preparing and submitting your comments, see the commenting tips at https://www.epa.gov/​dockets/​commenting-epa-dockets.

II. Background

This unit provides general information about SNURs. For additional information about EPA's new chemical program go to https://www.epa.gov/​reviewing-new-chemicals-under-toxic-substances-control-act-tsca.

A. Significant New Use Determination Factors

TSCA section 5(a)(2) states that EPA's determination that a use of a chemical substance is a significant new use must be made after consideration of all relevant factors, including:

• The projected volume of manufacturing and processing of a chemical substance.
• The extent to which a use changes the type or form of exposure of human beings or the environment to a chemical substance.
• The extent to which a use increases the magnitude and duration of exposure of human beings or the environment to a chemical substance.
• The reasonably anticipated manner and methods of manufacturing, processing, distribution in commerce, and disposal of a chemical substance.

In determining what would constitute a significant new use for the chemical substances that are the subject of these SNURs, EPA considered relevant information about the toxicity of the chemical substances, and potential human exposures and environmental releases that may be associated with the substances, in the context of the four bulleted TSCA section 5(a)(2) factors listed in this Unit and discussed in Unit III.

These proposed SNURs are based on orders issued to certain companies for substances that were the subject of PMN submissions. Those orders were issued under TSCA section 5(e)(1)(A), as ( printed page 48046) required by the determinations made under TSCA section 5(a)(3)(B). The TSCA orders require protective measures to limit exposures or otherwise mitigate the potential unreasonable risk. The proposed SNURs extend those protective measures to any person intending to manufacture, process, use, distribute in commerce, or dispose of the new chemical substances subject to orders and identify as significant new uses any manufacturing, processing, use, distribution in commerce, or disposal that does not conform to the restrictions imposed by the underlying TSCA orders, consistent with TSCA section 5(f)(4).

B. Rationale and Objectives of the SNURs

1. Rationale

Under TSCA section 5(a)(1)(B), no person may manufacture a new chemical substance or manufacture or process a chemical substance for a significant new use until EPA makes a determination as described in TSCA section 5(a)(3) and takes any required action. The issuance of a SNUR is not a risk determination itself, only a notification requirement for “significant new uses,” so that the Agency has the opportunity to review the SNUN for the significant new use and make a TSCA section 5(a)(3) risk determination.

During review of the PMNs submitted that identify chemical substances subject to these proposed SNURs, EPA concluded that regulation was warranted under TSCA section 5(e), pending the development of information sufficient to make reasoned evaluations of the health or environmental effects of the chemical substances. Based on the findings outlined in Unit III., TSCA section 5(e) Orders requiring the use of appropriate exposure controls were negotiated with the PMN submitters. As a general matter, EPA believes it is necessary to follow a TSCA order with a SNUR that identifies the absence of those protective measures as significant new uses to ensure that all manufacturers and processors—not just the party subject to a TSCA order are held to the same standard.

2. Objectives

EPA is proposing these SNURs because the Agency has determined it is appropriate:

• To identify as significant new uses any manufacturing, processing, use, distribution in commerce, or disposal that does not conform to the restrictions imposed by the underlying TSCA Orders, consistent with TSCA section 5(f)(4).
• To have an opportunity to review and evaluate data submitted in a SNUN before the submitter begins manufacturing or processing a listed chemical substance for the described significant new use.
• To be obligated to make a determination under TSCA section 5(a)(3) regarding the use described in the SNUN, under the conditions of use. The Agency will either determine under TSCA section 5(a)(3)(C) that the significant new use is not likely to present an unreasonable risk, including an unreasonable risk to a potentially exposed or susceptible subpopulation identified as relevant by the Administrator under the conditions of use, or make a determination under TSCA section 5(a)(3)(A) or (B) and take the required regulatory action associated with the determination, before manufacture or processing for the significant new use of the chemical substance can occur.

Issuance of a proposed SNUR for a chemical substance does not signify that the chemical substance is listed on the TSCA Chemical Substance Inventory (TSCA Inventory). Guidance on how to determine if a chemical substance is on the TSCA Inventory is available at https://www.epa.gov/​tsca-inventory.

C. Significant New Uses Claimed as CBI

EPA is proposing to establish certain significant new uses which have been claimed as CBI subject to Agency confidentiality regulations at 40 CFR parts 2 and 703. Absent a final determination or other disposition of the confidentiality claim under these regulations, EPA is required to keep this information confidential. EPA promulgated a procedure at 40 CFR 721.11 to deal with the situation where a specific significant new use is CBI. Under these procedures, a manufacturer or processor may ask EPA to identify the confidential significant new use subject to the SNUR. The manufacturer or processor must show that it has a bona fide intent to manufacture or process the chemical substance. If EPA concludes that the person has shown a bona fide intent to manufacture or process the chemical substance, EPA will identify the confidential significant new use to that person. Since most of the chemical identities of the chemical substances subject to these SNURs are also CBI, manufacturers and processors can combine the bona fide submission under the procedure in 40 CFR 721.11 into a single step.

D. Applicability of General Provisions

General provisions for SNURs appear in 40 CFR part 721, subpart A. These provisions describe persons subject to SNURs, recordkeeping requirements, exemptions to reporting requirements, and applicability of the rule to uses occurring before the effective date of the rule. Pursuant to 40 CFR 721.1(c), persons subject to SNURs must comply with the same requirements and EPA regulatory procedures as submitters of PMNs under TSCA section 5(a)(1)(A). In particular, these requirements include the information submission requirements of TSCA sections 5(b) and 5(d)(1), the exemptions authorized by TSCA sections 5(h)(1), 5(h)(2), 5(h)(3), and 5(h)(5), and the regulations at 40 CFR part 720. In addition, provisions relating to user fees appear at 40 CFR part 700.

Once EPA receives a SNUN, EPA must either determine that the significant new use is not likely to present an unreasonable risk of injury under the conditions of use for the chemical substance or take such regulatory action as is associated with an alternative determination under TSCA section 5 before the manufacture (including import) or processing for the significant new use can commence. If EPA determines that the significant new use of the chemical substance is not likely to present an unreasonable risk, EPA is required under TSCA section 5(g) to make public, and submit for publication in the Federal Register , a statement of EPA's findings.

As discussed in Unit I.C.2., persons who export or intend to export a chemical substance identified in a proposed or final SNUR are subject to the export notification provisions of TSCA section 12(b), and persons who import a chemical substance identified in a final SNUR are subject to the TSCA section 13 import certification requirements. See also https://www.epa.gov/​tsca-import-export-requirements.

E. Applicability of the Proposed SNURs to Uses Occurring Before the Effective Date of the Final Rule

To establish a significant new use, EPA must determine that the use is not ongoing. The chemical substances subject to this proposed rule have undergone premanufacture review and received determinations under TSCA section 5(a)(3)(C). TSCA Orders have been issued for these chemical substances and the PMN submitters are required by the TSCA Orders to submit a SNUN before undertaking activities that would be designated as significant new uses in these SNURs. Additionally, the identities of many of the chemical substances subject to this proposed rule have been claimed as confidential per ( printed page 48047) 40 CFR 720.85, further reducing the likelihood that another party would manufacture or process the substances for an activity that would be designated as a significant new use. Based on this, the Agency believes that it is highly unlikely that any of the significant new uses identified in Unit III. are ongoing.

When the chemical substances identified in Unit III. are added to the TSCA Inventory, EPA recognizes that, before the rule is effective, other persons might engage in a use that has been identified as a significant new use. Persons who begin manufacture or processing of the chemical substances for a significant new use identified on or after the designated cutoff date specified in Unit III.A. would have to cease any such activity upon the effective date of the final rule. To resume their activities, these persons would have to first comply with all applicable SNUR notification requirements and EPA would have to take action under TSCA section 5 allowing manufacture or processing to proceed.

F. Important Information About SNUN Submissions

1. SNUN Submissions

SNUNs must be submitted on EPA Form No. 7710-25, generated using e-PMN software, and submitted to the Agency in accordance with the procedures set forth in 40 CFR 720.40 and 721.25. E-PMN software is available electronically at https://www.epa.gov/​reviewing-new-chemicals-under-toxic-substances-control-act-tsca.

2. Development and Submission of Information

EPA recognizes that TSCA section 5 does not require development of any particular new information ( e.g., generating test data) before submission of a SNUN. There is an exception: If a person is required to submit information for a chemical substance pursuant to a rule, order, or consent agreement under TSCA section 4, then TSCA section 5(b)(1)(A) requires such information to be submitted to EPA at the time of submission of the SNUN.

In the absence of a rule, TSCA order, or consent agreement under TSCA section 4 covering the chemical substance, persons are required only to submit information in their possession or control and to describe any other information known to or reasonably ascertainable by them (see 40 CFR 720.50). However, upon review of PMNs and SNUNs, the Agency has the authority to require appropriate testing. To assist with EPA's analysis of the SNUN, submitters are encouraged, but not required, to provide the potentially useful information as identified for the chemical substance in Unit III.C.

EPA strongly encourages persons, before performing any testing, to consult with the Agency pertaining to protocol selection. Furthermore, pursuant to TSCA section 4(h), which pertains to reduction of testing in vertebrate animals, EPA encourages consultation with the Agency on the use of alternative test methods and strategies (also called New Approach Methodologies, or NAMs), if available, to generate the recommended test data. EPA encourages dialog with Agency representatives to help determine how best the submitter can meet both the data needs and the objective of TSCA section 4(h). For more information on alternative test methods and strategies to reduce vertebrate animal testing, visit https://www.epa.gov/​assessing-and-managing-chemicals-under-tsca/​alternative-test-methods-and-strategies-reduce.

The potentially useful information described in Unit III. may not be the only means of providing information to evaluate the chemical substance associated with the significant new uses. However, submitting a SNUN without any test data may increase the likelihood that EPA will take action under TSCA sections 5(e) or 5(f). EPA recommends that potential SNUN submitters contact EPA early enough so that they will be able to conduct the appropriate tests.

SNUN submitters should be aware that EPA will be better able to evaluate SNUNs that provide detailed information about human exposure and environmental release that may result from the significant new use of the chemical substances.

III. Chemical Substances Subject to These Proposed SNURs

A. What is the designated cutoff date for ongoing uses?

EPA designates July 30, 2026 as the cutoff date for determining whether the new use is ongoing. This designation is explained in more detail in Unit II.E.

B. What information is provided for each chemical substance?

For each chemical substance identified in Unit III.C., EPA provides the following information:

• PMN number(s) (as well as the proposed CFR citation assigned in the regulatory text section of this document).
• Chemical name (generic name, if the specific name is claimed as CBI).
• Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number (CASRN) or Accession Number (if assigned for confidential chemical identities).
• Basis for the SNUR (e.g., effective date of and basis for the corresponding TSCA Order).
• Potentially useful information.

The regulatory text section of the proposed rule specifies the activities designated as significant new uses. Certain new uses, including production volume limits and other uses designated in the proposed rules, may be claimed as CBI.

These proposed SNURs include PMN substances that are subject to orders issued under TSCA section 5(e)(1)(A), as required by the determinations made under TSCA section 5(a)(3)(B). Those TSCA Orders require protective measures to limit exposures or otherwise mitigate the potential unreasonable risk. The proposed SNURs identify as significant new uses any manufacturing, processing, use, distribution in commerce, or disposal that does not conform to the restrictions imposed by the underlying TSCA Orders, consistent with TSCA section 5(f)(4).

C. Which chemical substances are subject to these proposed SNURs?

The substances subject to the proposed SNURs in this document are as follows, listed by PMN number and with the proposed CFR citation:

P-21-7 (40 CFR 721.12306) and P-21-8 (40 CFR 721.12307)

Chemical Names: Reaction products of aluminoxanes, Me, Me group-terminated and (alkylcycloalkylene)dialkylzirconium (generic) (P-21-7) and reaction products of aluminoxanes, Me, Me group-terminated and cycloalkylene dialkyl tetrahydroindenyl zirconium (generic) (P-21-8).

CASRNs or Accession Nos.: Not available.

Effective Date of TSCA Order: March 20, 2026.

Basis for TSCA Order: The PMNs state that the generic (non-confidential) use will be as catalysts. Based on pyrophoric nature (violent reactivity) of the PMN substances, EPA has identified concerns for corrosion to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract. Based on test data for hydrolysis and oxidation products and components, EPA has also identified concerns for neurotoxicity, systemic, and developmental effects. Based on comparison to analogous aluminum compounds and zirconium compounds, EPA predicts toxicity to aquatic organisms may occur at ( printed page 48048) concentrations that exceed 24 ppb (P-21-7) and 20 ppb (P-21-8). The Order was issued under TSCA sections 5(a)(3)(B)(ii)(I) and 5(e)(1)(A)(ii)(I), based on a finding that, in the absence of sufficient information to permit a reasoned evaluation, the substances may present an unreasonable risk of injury to human health and the environment. To protect against these risks, the Order requires:

• Manufacture, processing, and use of the PMN substances only in an enclosed process;
• Disposal of the PMN substances, or waste streams containing the PMN substances, only by incineration;
• Use of personal protective equipment where there is a potential for dermal exposure;
• No release of the PMN substances, or any waste stream containing the PMN substances, to water; and
• Establishment of a hazard communication program, including human health and environmental precautionary statements on each label and in the SDS.

The proposed SNUR would designate as a “significant new use” the absence of these protective measures.

Potentially Useful Information: EPA has determined that certain information may be potentially useful in support of a request by the PMN submitter to modify the Order, or if a manufacturer or processor is considering submitting a SNUN for a significant new use that will be designated by this SNUR. EPA has determined that the results of aquatic toxicity testing may be potentially useful to characterize the environmental effects of the PMN substances. Although the Order does not require these tests, the Order's restrictions remain in effect until the Order is modified or revoked by EPA based on submission of this or other relevant information.

P-21-36 (40 CFR 721.12308)

Chemical Name: 5-Hexen-2-one, 1-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yl-.

CASRN: 1352216-91-1.

Effective Date of modified TSCA Order: April 14, 2026.

Basis for TSCA Order: The PMN states that the use will be as a fragrance in household consumer products. Based on submitted test data on the PMN substance, EPA has identified concerns for acute neurotoxicity, skin and eye irritation, and skin sensitization. Based on comparison to analogous chemical substances, EPA has also identified concerns for systemic effects. Based on submitted test data on the PMN substance, EPA predicts toxicity to aquatic organisms may occur at concentrations that exceed 23 ppb. The Order was issued under TSCA sections 5(a)(3)(B)(ii)(I) and 5(e)(1)(A)(ii)(I), based on a finding that, in the absence of sufficient information to permit a reasoned evaluation, the substance may present an unreasonable risk of injury to human health and the environment. To protect against these risks, the Order requires:

• Use of personal protective equipment where there is a potential for dermal exposure;
• Manufacture of the PMN substance only below an annual volume of 50,000 kilograms per year;
• Processing for use and use of the PMN substance only as a fragrance ingredient;
• Use of the PMN substance only if the concentration of the PMN substance does not exceed 1% by weight;
• No release of the PMN substance, or any waste stream containing the PMN substance, resulting in surface water concentrations that exceed 23 ppb, except that waste streams from formulations containing 2% or less of the PMN substance by weight are exempt from this requirement; and
• Establishment of a hazard communication program, including human health and environmental precautionary statements on each label and in the SDS.

The proposed SNUR would designate as a “significant new use” the absence of these protective measures. On April 1, 2026, EPA received a request from the PMN submitter to modify the language in Written Agreement and Exemptions sections of the Order. EPA approved the request and issued a modified Order, effective April 14, 2026, adding the wastewater treatment removal rate ( i.e., percentage) used in the Agency's environmental and exposure assessments to the compliance criteria for the water release limit of 23 ppb.

Potentially Useful Information: EPA has determined that certain information may be potentially useful in support of a request by the PMN submitter to modify the Order, or if a manufacturer or processor is considering submitting a SNUN for a significant new use that will be designated by this SNUR. EPA has determined that the results of metabolism or pharmacokinetics, specific target organ toxicity, and chronic aquatic toxicity testing may be potentially useful to characterize the health and environmental effects of the PMN substance. Although the Order does not require these tests, the Order's restrictions remain in effect until the Order is modified or revoked by EPA based on submission of this or other relevant information.

P-21-59 (40 CFR 721.12309)

Chemical Name: Methanesulfonic acid,l,l,l-trifluoro-, ytterbium(3+) salt (3:1).

CASRN: 54761-04-5.

Effective Date of TSCA Order: June 26, 2025.

Basis for TSCA Order: The PMN states that the generic (non-confidential) use will be as a stabilizer. Based on comparison to analogous chemical substances, EPA has identified concerns for acute toxicity, irritation to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract, and point-of-contact (glandular stomach, duodenum), neurological, and developmental effects. Based on comparison to analogous lanthanides or rare earth metals, EPA predicts toxicity to aquatic organisms may occur at concentrations that exceed 9 ppb. The Order was issued under TSCA sections 5(a)(3)(B)(ii)(I) and 5(e)(1)(A)(ii)(I), based on a finding that, in the absence of sufficient information to permit a reasoned evaluation, the substance may present an unreasonable risk of injury to human health and the environment. To protect against these risks, the Order requires:

• Use of personal protective equipment where there is a potential for dermal exposure;
• Processing for use or use of the PMN substance in a consumer product only if the concentration of the PMN substance does not exceed the confidential concentration by weight listed in the Order in final formulation in the consumer product;
• Manufacture, processing, and use of the PMN substance only in a liquid formulation;
• No manufacture, processing, or use of the PMN substance in any manner that results in inhalation exposure;
• No release of the PMN substance, or any waste stream containing the PMN substance, to water; and
• Establishment of a hazard communication program, including human health and environmental precautionary statements on each label and in the SDS.

The proposed SNUR would designate as a “significant new use” the absence of these protective measures.

Potentially Useful Information: EPA has determined that certain information may be potentially useful in support of a request by the PMN submitter to modify the Order, or if a manufacturer or processor is considering submitting a SNUN for a significant new use that will be designated by this SNUR. EPA has determined that the results of acute toxicity, developmental toxicity, eye irritation, neurotoxicity, pulmonary effects, skin irritation, and aquatic ( printed page 48049) toxicity testing may be potentially useful to characterize the health and environmental effects of the PMN substance. Although the Order does not require these tests, the Order's restrictions remain in effect until the Order is modified or revoked by EPA based on submission of this or other relevant information.

P-21-185 (40 CFR 721.12310)

Chemical Name: Ethyl cyclohexenyl propionate, ethyl cyclohexenyl propionate (generic).

CASRN or Accession No.: Not available.

Effective Date of TSCA Order: February 26, 2026.

Basis for TSCA Order: The PMN states that the use will be as a fragrance ingredient, being blended (mixed) with other fragrance ingredients to make fragrance oils that will be sold to industrial and commercial customers for their incorporation into soaps, detergents, cleaners and other similar household and consumer products. Based on submitted test data on the PMN substance, EPA has identified concerns for skin sensitization and reproductive and developmental effects. Based on submitted test data on the PMN substance, EPA predicts toxicity to aquatic organisms may occur at concentrations that exceed 13 ppb. The Order was issued under TSCA sections 5(a)(3)(B)(ii)(I) and 5(e)(1)(A)(ii)(I), based on a finding that, in the absence of sufficient information to permit a reasoned evaluation, the substance may present an unreasonable risk of injury to human health and the environment. To protect against these risks, the Order requires:

• Use of personal protective equipment where there is a potential for dermal exposure;
• No manufacture of the PMN substance beyond the confidential combined annual production volume listed in the Order;
• No processing for use or use of the PMN substance in consumer products where the combined concentration of the PMN substance exceeds 1% by weight;
• Use of the PMN substance only as fragrance ingredients;
• No release of the PMN substance, or any waste stream containing the PMN substance, resulting in surface water concentrations that exceed 13 ppb. Waste streams from formulations containing 1% or less of the PMN substance combined by weight are exempt from this restriction; and
• Establishment of a hazard communication program, including human health and environmental precautionary statements on each label and in the SDS.

The proposed SNUR would designate as a “significant new use” the absence of these protective measures.

Potentially Useful Information: EPA has determined that certain information may be potentially useful in support of a request by the PMN submitter to modify the Order, or if a manufacturer or processor is considering submitting a SNUN for a significant new use that will be designated by this SNUR. EPA has determined that the results of chronic aquatic toxicity testing may be potentially useful to characterize the environmental effects of the PMN substance. Although the Order does not require these tests, the Order's restrictions remain in effect until the Order is modified or revoked by EPA based on submission of this or other relevant information.

P-24-27 (40 CFR 721.12311)

Chemical Name: Fatty acids, C8-14, 2,3-diesters with rel-(2R,3S)-2,3,4-trihydroxybutyl.beta.-D-mannopyranoside acetate.

CASRN: 2711034-48-7.

Effective Date of TSCA Order: February 19, 2026.

Basis for TSCA Order: The PMN states that the use will be as a surfactant. Based on the intended use as a surfactant, and a structural alert for nonionic surfactants, EPA has identified concerns for lung toxicity (surfactant effects). Based on comparison to analogous chemical substances, EPA has also identified concerns for skin irritation and eye corrosion. Based on comparison to analogous nonionic surfactants, EPA predicts toxicity to aquatic organisms may occur at concentrations that exceed 550 ppb. The Order was issued under TSCA sections 5(a)(3)(B)(ii)(I) and 5(e)(1)(A)(ii)(I), based on a finding that, in the absence of sufficient information to permit a reasoned evaluation, the substance may present an unreasonable risk of injury to human health and the environment. To protect against these risks, the Order requires:

• Use of personal protective equipment where there is a potential for dermal exposure;
• Use of a NIOSH-certified respirator with an APF of at least 50 where there is a potential for inhalation exposure;
• No processing for use or use of the PMN substance in a consumer product;
• Use of the PMN substance only as an industrial cleaner;
• Use of the PMN substance only if the concentration of the PMN substance does not exceed 5% by weight;
• No release of the PMN substance, or any waste stream containing the PMN substance, resulting in surface water concentrations that exceed 550 ppb; and
• Establishment of a hazard communication program, including human health and environmental precautionary statements on each label and in the SDS.

The proposed SNUR would designate as a “significant new use” the absence of these protective measures.

Potentially Useful Information: EPA has determined that certain information may be potentially useful in support of a request by the PMN submitter to modify the Order, or if a manufacturer or processor is considering submitting a SNUN for a significant new use that will be designated by this SNUR. EPA has determined that the results of skin irritation, eye damage, pulmonary effects, skin corrosion, specific target organ toxicity, and aquatic toxicity testing may be potentially useful to characterize the health and environmental effects of the PMN substance. Although the Order does not require these tests, the Order's restrictions remain in effect until the Order is modified or revoked by EPA based on submission of this or other relevant information.

P-24-86 (40 CFR 721.12312) and P-24-87 (40 CFR 721.12313)

Chemical Names: Graphene, turbostratic, 3-9 layers (P-24-86) and graphene, turbostratic, ~32 layers (P-24-87).

CASRNs or Accession Nos.: Not available.

Effective Date of TSCA Order: February 20, 2026.

Basis for TSCA Order: The PMNs state that the use will be for various applications including in lubricants and oils, coatings, biosensors, energy storage, resins, thermosets, thermoplastics, hollow glass microspheres, printed inks, bullet proof armor and glass, and composites. Based on comparison to analogous chemical substances and physical/chemical properties of the PMN substances, EPA has identified concerns for lung effects (lung overload) and systemic effects. Due to insufficient information, EPA was unable to estimate the environmental hazard of the PMN substances. The Order was issued under TSCA sections 5(a)(3)(B)(ii)(I) and 5(e)(1)(A)(ii)(I), based on a finding that, in the absence of sufficient information to permit a reasoned evaluation, the substances may present an unreasonable risk of injury to human health and the environment. To protect against these risks, the Order requires: ( printed page 48050)

• Use of the PMN substance for battery, electronics, and alternative energy storage manufacture or as concrete and asphalt additives only in a manner that does not result in inhalation exposure;
• Use of the PMN substances for battery, electronics, and alternative energy storage manufacture only if the amount of the PMN substances does not exceed the confidential percentage by weight listed in the Order in the electrode;
• No processing for use or use of the PMN substances in a consumer product;
• Use of a NIOSH-certified respirator with an APF of at least 50 where there is a potential for inhalation exposure. If the PMN substances are spray-applied or if the substances are at greater than 6% in formulation by weight and engineer controls reduce inhalation exposures by less than 94%, then the APF for the required respirator is at least 1,000;
• Use of personal protective equipment where there is a potential for dermal exposure;
• No release of the PMN substances, or any waste stream containing the PMN substances, to water; and
• Establishment of a hazard communication program, including human health and environmental precautionary statements on each label and in the SDS.

The proposed SNUR would designate as a “significant new use” the absence of these protective measures.

Potentially Useful Information: EPA has determined that certain information may be potentially useful in support of a request by the PMN submitter to modify the Order, or if a manufacturer or processor is considering submitting a SNUN for a significant new use that will be designated by this SNUR. EPA has determined that the results of pulmonary effects, specific target organ toxicity, and aquatic toxicity testing may be potentially useful to characterize the health and environmental effects of the PMN substances. Although the Order does not require these tests, the Order's restrictions remain in effect until the Order is modified or revoked by EPA based on submission of this or other relevant information.

P-24-196 (40 CFR 721.12314)

Chemical Name: 2-Pyrrolidinone, polymer with 2-oxepanone.

CASRN: 25101-88-6.

Effective Date of TSCA Order: March 4, 2026.

Basis for TSCA Order: The PMN states that the use will be as an additive for architectural paints (elongation improvers). Based on high molecular weight, negligible water solubility, and comparison to analogous respirable, poorly soluble particulates, EPA has identified concerns for lung toxicity via lung overload. The Order was issued under TSCA sections 5(a)(3)(B)(ii)(I) and 5(e)(1)(A)(ii)(I), based on a finding that in the absence of sufficient information to permit a reasoned evaluation, the substance may present an unreasonable risk of injury to human health. To protect against these risks, the Order requires:

• Use of personal protective equipment where there is a potential for dermal exposure;
• Use of a NIOSH-certified respirator with an APF of at least 50 where there is a potential for inhalation exposure;
• Manufacture of the PMN substance only below an annual volume of 10,000 kilograms;
• No processing for use or use of the PMN substance in a consumer product;
• Use of the PMN substance only if the concentration of the PMN substance does not exceed 20% by weight in the final formulation; and
• Establishment of a hazard communication program, including human health and environmental precautionary statements on each label and in the SDS.

The proposed SNUR would designate as a “significant new use” the absence of these protective measures.

Potentially Useful Information: EPA has determined that certain information may be potentially useful in support of a request by the PMN submitter to modify the Order, or if a manufacturer or processor is considering submitting a SNUN for a significant new use that will be designated by this SNUR. EPA has determined that the results of pulmonary effects testing may be potentially useful to characterize the health effects of the PMN substance. Although the Order does not require these tests, the Order's restrictions remain in effect until the Order is modified or revoked by EPA based on submission of this or other relevant information.

P-25-15 (40 CFR 721.12315)

Chemical Name: Modified tall oil fatty acid polyamine condensate (generic).

CASRN or Accession No.: Not available.

Effective Date of TSCA Order: March 3, 2026.

Basis for TSCA Order: The PMN states that the generic (non-confidential) use will be as an additive in paving applications. Based on the pH of the PMN substance, EPA has identified concerns for corrosion to skin, eyes, and respiratory tract. Based on structure, EPA has identified concerns for lung effects (surfactancy and cationic binding). Based on comparison to analogous chemical substances, EPA has also identified concerns for acute toxicity, skin sensitization, and systemic effects. Based on comparison to analogous aliphatic amines, EPA predicts toxicity to aquatic organisms may occur at concentrations that exceed 3 ppb. The Order was issued under TSCA sections 5(a)(3)(B)(ii)(I) and 5(e)(1)(A)(ii)(I), based on a finding that, in the absence of sufficient information to permit a reasoned evaluation, the substance may present an unreasonable risk of injury to human health and the environment. To protect against these risks, the Order requires:

• Use of personal protective equipment where there is a potential for dermal exposure;
• Manufacture, processing, and use of the PMN substance only in a manner that does not result in inhalation exposure to the PMN substance;
• Use of the PMN substance only as a site-limited intermediate;
• No release of the PMN substance, or any waste stream containing the PMN substance, resulting in surface water concentrations that exceed 3 ppb; and
• Establishment of a hazard communication program, including human health and environmental precautionary statements on each label and in the SDS.

The proposed SNUR would designate as a “significant new use” the absence of these protective measures.

Potentially Useful Information: EPA has determined that certain information may be potentially useful in support of a request by the PMN submitter to modify the Order, or if a manufacturer or processor is considering submitting a SNUN for a significant new use that will be designated by this SNUR. EPA has determined that the results of acute toxicity, eye corrosion, pulmonary effects, skin corrosion, skin sensitization, specific target organ toxicity, and aquatic toxicity testing may be potentially useful to characterize the health and environmental effects of the PMN substance. Although the Order does not require these tests, the Order's restrictions remain in effect until the Order is modified or revoked by EPA based on submission of this or other relevant information.

P-25-25 (40 CFR 721.21316).

Chemical Name: Carbomonocyclic alcohol, 4,4-[[6-(heteroatom-substituted carbomonocycle)- heteromonocycle-2,4-diyl]heteroatom-substituted]bis- (generic). ( printed page 48051)

CASRN or Accession No.: Not available.

Effective Date of TSCA Order: March 9, 2026.

Basis for TSCA Order: The PMN states that the generic (non-confidential) use will be in photolithography. Based on comparison to analogous chemical substances, EPA has identified concerns for skin sensitization, respiratory sensitization, carcinogenicity, and systemic effects. Based on comparison to analogous chemical substances, EPA predicts toxicity to aquatic organisms may occur at concentrations that exceed 3 ppb. The Order was issued under TSCA sections 5(a)(3)(B)(ii)(I) and 5(e)(1)(A)(ii)(I), based on a finding that, in the absence of sufficient information to permit a reasoned evaluation, the substance may present an unreasonable risk of injury to human health and the environment. To protect against these risks, the Order requires:

• Use of personal protective equipment where there is a potential for dermal exposure;
• No manufacture, processing, or use of the PMN substance in any manner that generates a vapor, mist, dust, or aerosol containing the PMN substance unless in an enclosed process;
• No processing for use or use of the PMN substance in a consumer product;
• No release of the PMN substance, or any waste stream containing the PMN substance, resulting in surface water concentrations that exceed 3 ppb; and
• Establishment of a hazard communication program, including human health and environmental precautionary statements on each label and in the SDS.

The proposed SNUR would designate as a “significant new use” the absence of these protective measures.

Potentially Useful Information: EPA has determined that certain information may be potentially useful in support of a request by the PMN submitter to modify the Order, or if a manufacturer or processor is considering submitting a SNUN for a significant new use that will be designated by this SNUR. EPA has determined that the results of carcinogenicity, skin sensitization, specific target organ toxicity, pulmonary effects, and aquatic toxicity testing may be potentially useful to characterize the health and environmental effects of the PMN substance. Although the Order does not require these tests, the Order's restrictions remain in effect until the Order is modified or revoked by EPA based on submission of this or other relevant information.

P-25-77 (40 CFR 721.12317)

Chemical Name: Arsine, (1,1-dimethylethyl)-.

CASRN: 4262-43-5.

Effective Date of TSCA Order: March 16, 2026.

Basis for TSCA Order: The PMN states that the use will be as tertiarybutylarsine (TBA) used in semiconductor manufacturing. Based on submitted test data on the PMN substance and its reactivity, EPA has identified concerns for acute handling hazard. Based on comparison to analogous chemical substances, EPA has also identified concerns for neurotoxicity, immunotoxicity, genetic toxicity, carcinogenicity, and portal-of-entry, systemic, dermal, reproductive, and developmental effects. Based on reactivity of the PMN substance, EPA has also identified concerns for corrosion to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract. Based on comparison to analogous chemical substances, EPA predicts toxicity to aquatic organisms may occur at concentrations that exceed 163 ppb. The Order was issued under TSCA sections 5(a)(3)(B)(ii)(I) and 5(e)(1)(A)(ii)(I), based on a finding that, in the absence of sufficient information to permit a reasoned evaluation, the substance may present an unreasonable risk of injury to human health and the environment. To protect against these risks, the Order requires:

• Use of personal protective equipment where there is a potential for dermal exposure;
• Manufacture, processing, and use of the PMN substance only in an enclosed process;
• No release of the PMN substance, or any waste stream containing the PMN substance, to water; and
• Establishment of a hazard communication program, including human health and environmental precautionary statements on each label and in the SDS.

The proposed SNUR would designate as a “significant new use” the absence of these protective measures.

Potentially Useful Information: EPA has determined that certain information may be potentially useful in support of a request by the PMN submitter to modify the Order, or if a manufacturer or processor is considering submitting a SNUN for a significant new use that will be designated by this SNUR. EPA has determined that the results of skin corrosion, eye corrosion, and aquatic toxicity testing may be potentially useful to characterize the health and environmental effects of the PMN substance. Although the Order does not require these tests, the Order's restrictions remain in effect until the Order is modified or revoked by EPA based on submission of this or other relevant information.

P-25-126 (40 CFR 721.12318) and P-25-127 (40 CFR 721.12319)

Chemical Names: Carbomonocyclic substituted heteromonocyclic, salt with carbopolycyclic sulfocarboxylate (generic) (P-25-126) and carbomonocyclic sulfonium, salt with carbopolycyclic sulfocarboxylate (generic) (P-25-127).

CASRNs or Accession Nos.: Not available.

Effective Date of TSCA Order: March 4, 2026.

Basis for TSCA Order: The PMNs state that the generic (non-confidential) uses will be as ingredients used in the manufacture of photoresist. Based on the physical/chemical properties of the PMN substances (as described in the New Chemical Program's PBT category at 64 FR 60194; November 1999) and in the absence of data, the anions of the PMN substances, the cation photodegradation product of the P-25-127 PMN substance, and the cation of the P-25-126 PMN substance are potentially persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic (PBT) chemicals. EPA estimates that the anions of the PMN substances and the cation of the P-25-126 PMN substance will persist in the environment for more than six months and that their potential to bioaccumulate is unknown. EPA estimates that the cation photodegradation product of the P-25-127 PMN substance will persist in the environment for more than six months and estimates a bioaccumulation factor of greater than or equal to 5,000. Based on comparison to analogous chemical substances, EPA has identified concerns for acute toxicity, irritation to the skin and respiratory tract, genetic toxicity, and neurological and systemic effects for the cations of the P-25-126 and P-25-127 PMN substances and eye corrosion for the cation of the P-25-127 PMN substance. Based on photoreactivity of the PMN substances, EPA has also identified concerns for photosensitization for the cations of the PMN substances. Due to insufficient information, EPA was unable to estimate the environmental hazard of the PMN substances. The Order was issued under TSCA sections 5(a)(3)(B)(ii)(I) and 5(e)(1)(A)(ii)(I), based on a finding that, in the absence of sufficient information to permit a reasoned evaluation, the substances may present an unreasonable risk of injury to human health and the environment. To ( printed page 48052) protect against these risks, the Order requires:

• No manufacture of the PMN substances beyond the time limits specified in the Order without submittal to EPA the results of certain testing described in the Testing section of the Order;
• Use of personal protective equipment where there is a potential for dermal exposure;
• Establishment of a hazard communication program, including human health and environmental precautionary statements on each label and in the SDS;
• No processing of the PMN substances in any way that generates vapor, dust, mist, or aerosol in a non-enclosed process;
• Use of the PMN substances only for the confidential use listed in the Order;
• No domestic manufacture of the PMN substances (i.e., import only);
• Import of the PMN substances only in solution unless in sealed containers weighing 5 kilograms or less; and
• No exceedance of the confidential annual importation volumes listed in the Order.

The proposed SNUR would designate as a “significant new use” the absence of these protective measures.

Potentially Useful Information: EPA has determined that certain information about the physical/chemical properties, fate, bioaccumulation, environmental hazard, and human health effects of the PMN substances may be potentially useful in support of a request by the PMN submitter to modify the Order, or if a manufacturer or processor is considering submitting a SNUN for a significant new use that will be designated by this SNUR. The submitter has agreed not to exceed the time limits specified in the Order without performing the required Tier I and Tier II testing outlined in the Testing section of the Order.

IV. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

Additional information about these statutes and Executive Orders can be found at https://www.epa.gov/​laws-regulations-and-executive-orders.

A. Executive Order 12866: Regulatory Planning and Review

This action proposes to establish SNURs for new chemical substances that were the subject of PMNs. The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) has exempted these types of actions from review under Executive Order 12866 (58 FR 51735, October 4, 1993).

B. Executive Order 14192: Unleashing Prosperity Through Deregulation

Executive Order 14192 (90 FR 9065, February 6, 2025) does not apply because significant new use rules for new chemicals under TSCA section 5 are exempted from review under Executive Order 12866.

C. Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA)

According to the PRA (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.), an agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to respond to a collection of information that requires OMB approval under PRA, unless it has been approved by OMB and displays a currently valid OMB control number. The OMB control numbers for EPA's regulations in title 40 of the CFR, after appearing in the Federal Register , are listed in 40 CFR part 9, and included on the related collection instrument or form, if applicable.

The information collection requirements related to SNURs have already been approved by OMB pursuant to PRA under OMB control number 2070-0038 (EPA ICR No. 1188). This action does not impose any burden requiring additional OMB approval. If an entity were to submit a SNUN to the Agency, the annual burden is estimated to average between 30 and 170 hours per submission. This burden estimate includes the time needed to review instructions, search existing data sources, gather and maintain the data needed, and complete, review, and submit the required SNUN.

EPA always welcomes your feedback on the burden estimates. When submitting comments on these proposed SNURs, include comments about the accuracy of the burden estimate, and any suggested methods for improving the collection instruments or instruction or minimizing respondent burden, including through the use of automated collection techniques.

D. Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA)

I certify that this action will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities under the RFA (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.). The requirement to submit a SNUN applies to any person (including small or large entities) who intends to engage in any activity described in the final rule as a “significant new use.” Because these uses are “new,” based on all information currently available to EPA, EPA has concluded that no small or large entities presently engage in such activities.

A SNUR requires that any person who intends to engage in such activity in the future must first notify EPA by submitting a SNUN. Although some small entities may decide to pursue a significant new use in the future, EPA cannot presently determine how many, if any, there may be. However, EPA's experience to date is that, in response to the promulgation of SNURs covering over 1,000 chemicals, the Agency receives only a small number of notices per year. For example, the number of SNUNs received was 23 in FY2023, 7 in FY2024, and 10 in FY2025, and only a fraction of these submissions were from small businesses.

In addition, the Agency currently offers relief to qualifying small businesses by reducing the SNUN submission fee from $37,000 to $6,480. This lower fee reduces the total reporting and recordkeeping cost of submitting a SNUN to about $14,967 per SNUN submission for qualifying small firms. Therefore, the potential economic impacts of complying with these proposed SNURs are not expected to be significant or adversely impact a substantial number of small entities. In a SNUR that published in the Federal Register of June 2, 1997 (62 FR 29684 (FRL-5597-1)), the Agency presented its general determination that SNURs are not expected to have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities, which was provided to the Chief Counsel for Advocacy of the Small Business Administration.

E. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act (UMRA)

This action does not contain an unfunded mandate of $100 million or more (in 1995 dollars) in any one year as described in UMRA, 2 U.S.C. 1531-1538, and does not significantly or uniquely affect small governments. Based on EPA's experience with proposing and finalizing SNURs, State, local, and Tribal governments have not been impacted by SNURs, and EPA does not have any reasons to believe that any State, local, or Tribal government will be impacted by these SNURs. In addition, the estimated costs of this action to the private sector do not exceed $183 million or more in any one year (the 1995 dollars are adjusted to 2023 dollars for inflation using the GDP implicit price deflator). The estimated costs for this action are discussed in Unit I.D.

F. Executive Order 13132: Federalism

This action will not have federalism implications as specified in Executive Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10, 1999), because it is not expected to have a substantial direct effect on States, on ( printed page 48053) the relationship between the national government and the States, or on the distribution of power and responsibilities among the various levels of government. Accordingly, the requirements of Executive Order 13132 do not apply to this action.

G. Executive Order 13175: Consultation and Coordination With Indian Tribal Governments

This action will not have Tribal implications as specified in Executive Order 13175 (65 FR 67249, November 9, 2000), because it is not expected to have substantial direct effects on Indian Tribes, significantly or uniquely affect the communities of Indian Tribal governments and does not involve or impose any requirements that affect Indian Tribes. Accordingly, the requirements of Executive Order 13175 do not apply to this action.

H. Executive Order 13045: Protection of Children From Environmental Health Risks and Safety Risks

This action is not subject to Executive Order 13045 (62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997), because it does not concern an environmental health or safety risk. Since this action does not concern a human health risk, EPA's 2026 Policy on Children's Health also does not apply. Although the establishment of these SNURs do not address an existing children's environmental health concern because the chemical uses involved are not ongoing uses, SNURs require that persons notify EPA at least 90 days before commencing manufacture (defined by statute to include import) or processing of the identified chemical substances for an activity that is designated as a significant new use by the SNUR. This notification allows EPA to assess the intended uses to identify potential risks and take appropriate actions before the activities commence.

I. Executive Order 13211: Actions Concerning Regulations That Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use

This action is not a “significant energy action” as defined in Executive Order 13211 (66 FR 28355, May 22, 2001), because it is not likely to have a significant adverse effect on the supply, distribution, or use of energy.

J. National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act (NTTAA)

This action does not involve any technical standards subject to NTTAA section 12(d) (15 U.S.C. 272 note).

For the reasons stated in the preamble, EPA proposes to amend 40 CFR chapter I as follows:

1. The authority citation for part 721 continues to read as follows:

Authority: 15 U.S.C. 2604, 2607, and 2625(c).

2. Add §§ 721.12306 through 721.12319 to subpart E to read as follows:

91 FR 48044