National Recommended Water Quality Criteria; Republication

I. What Are Water Quality Criteria?

Section 304(a)(1) of the Clean Water Act requires EPA to develop and publish, and from time to time revise, criteria for water quality accurately reflecting the latest scientific knowledge. Water quality criteria developed under section 304(a) are based solely on data and scientific judgments on the relationship between pollutant concentrations and environmental and human health effects. Section 304(a) criteria do not reflect consideration of economic impacts or the technological feasibility of meeting the chemical concentrations in ambient water. Section 304(a) criteria provide guidance to States and Tribes in adopting water quality standards that ultimately provide a basis for controlling discharges or releases of pollutants. The criteria also provide guidance to EPA when promulgating federal regulations under section 303(c) when such action is necessary.

II. What is in the Compilation Published Today?

EPA is today publishing a compilation of its national recommended water quality criteria for 157 pollutants. This compilation is also available in hard copy at the address given above. The compilation is presented as a summary table containing EPA's water quality criteria for 147 pollutants, and for an additional 10 pollutants, criteria solely for organoleptic effects. For each set of criteria, EPA lists a Federal Register citation, EPA document number or Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) entry (www.epa.gov/ngispgm3/ iris/irisdat). Specific information pertinent to the derivation of individual criteria may be found in cited references. If no criteria are listed for a pollutant, EPA does not have any national recommended water quality criteria. These water quality criteria are the Agency's current recommended 304(a) criteria, reflecting the latest scientific knowledge. They are generally applicable to the waters of the United States. EPA recommends that States and Tribes use these water quality criteria as guidance in adopting water quality standards pursuant to section 303(c) of the Act and the implementing of federal regulations at 40 CFR part 131. Water quality criteria derived to address site-specific situations are not included; EPA recommends that States and Tribes follow EPA's technical guidance in the ``Water Quality Standards Handbook--2nd Edition,'' EPA, August 1994, in deriving such site-specific criteria. EPA recognizes that in limited circumstances there may be regulatory voids in the absence of State or Tribal water quality standards for specific pollutants. However, States and Tribes should utilize the existing State and Tribal narrative criteria to address such situations; States and Tribes may consult EPA criteria documents and cites in the summary table for additional information. The national recommended water quality criteria include: previously published criteria that are unchanged; criteria that have been recalculated from earlier criteria; and newly calculated criteria, based on peer-reviewed assessments, methodologies and data, that have not been previously published. The information used to calculate the water quality criteria is not included in the summary table. Most information has been previously published by the Agency in a variety of sources, and the summary table cites those sources. When using these 304(a) criteria as guidance in adopting water quality standards, EPA recommends States and Tribes consult the citations referenced in the summary table for additional information regarding the derivation of individual criteria. The Agency intends to revise the compilation of national recommended water quality criteria from time to time to keep States and Tribes informed as to the most current recommended water quality criteria.

III. How Are National Recommended Water Quality Criteria Used?

Once new or revised 304(a) criteria are published by EPA, the Agency expects States and Tribes to adopt promptly new or revised numeric water quality criteria into their standards consistent with one of the three options

in 40 CFR 131.11. These options are: (1) Adopt the recommended section 304(a) criteria; (2) adopt section 304(a) criteria modified to reflect site-specific conditions; or, (3) adopt criteria derived using other scientifically defensible methods. In adopting criteria under option (2) or (3), States and Tribes must adopt water quality criteria sufficient to protect the designated uses of their waters. When establishing a numerical value based on 304(a) criteria, States and Tribes may reflect site specific conditions or use other scientifically defensible methods. However, States and Tribes should not selectively apply data or selectively use endpoints, species, risk levels, or exposure parameters in deriving criteria; this would not accurately characterize risk and would not result in criteria protective of designated uses. EPA emphasizes that, in the course of carrying out its responsibilities under section 303(c), it reviews State and Tribal water quality standards to assess the need for new or revised water quality criteria. EPA generally believes that five years from the date of EPA's publication of new or revised water quality criteria is a reasonable time by which States and Tribes should take action to adopt new or revised water quality criteria necessary to protect the designated uses of their waters. This period is intended to accommodate those States and Tribes that have begun a triennial review and wish to complete the actions they have underway, deferring initiating adoption of new or revised section 304(a) criteria until the next triennial review.

IV. What is the Status of Existing Criteria While They Are Under Revision?

The question of the status of the existing section 304(a) criteria often arises when EPA announces that it is beginning a reassessment of existing criteria. The general answer is that water quality criteria published by EPA remain the Agency's recommended water quality criteria until EPA revises or withdraws the criteria. For example, while undertaking recent reassessments of dioxin, PCBs, and other chemicals, EPA has consistently upheld the use of the current section 304(a) criteria for these chemicals and considers them to be scientifically sound until new, peer reviewed, scientific assessments indicate changes are needed. Therefore, the criteria in today's notice are and will continue to be the Agency's national recommended water quality criteria for States and Tribes to use in adopting or revising their water quality standards until superseded by the publication of revised criteria, or withdrawn by notice in the Federal Register.

V. What is the Process for Developing New or Revised Criteria?

Section 304(a)(1) of the CWA requires the Agency to develop and publish, and from time to time revise, criteria for water quality accurately reflecting the latest scientific knowledge. The Agency has developed an improved process that it intends to use when deriving new criteria or conducting a major reassessment of existing criteria. The purpose of the improved process is to provide expanded opportunities for public input, and to make the process more efficient. When deriving new criteria, or when initiating a major reassessment of existing criteria, EPA will take the following steps. 1. EPA will first undertake a comprehensive review of available data and information. 2. EPA will publish a notice in the Federal Register and on the Internet announcing its assessment or reassessment of the pollutant. The notice will describe the data available to the Agency, and will solicit any additional pertinent data or views that may be useful in deriving new or revised criteria. EPA is especially interested in hearing from the public regarding new data or information that was unavailable to the Agency, and scientific views as to the application of the relevant Agency methodology for deriving water quality criteria. 3. After public input is received and evaluated, EPA will then utilize information obtained from both the Agency's literature review and the public to develop draft recommended water quality criteria. 4. EPA will initiate a peer review of the draft criteria. Agency peer review consists of a documented critical review by qualified independent experts. Information about EPA peer review practices may be found in the Science Policy Council's Peer Review Handbook (EPA 100-B- 98-001, www.epa.gov). 5. Concurrent with the peer review in step four, EPA will publish a notice in the Federal Register and on the Internet, of the availability of the draft water quality criteria and solicit views from the public on issues of science pertaining to the information used in deriving the draft criteria. The Agency believes it is important to provide the public with the opportunity to provide scientific views on the draft criteria even though we are not required to invite and respond to written comments. 6. EPA will evaluate the results of the peer review, and prepare a response document for the record in accordance with EPA's Peer Review Handbook. EPA at the same time will consider views provided by the public on issues of science. Major scientific issues will be addressed in the record whether from the peer review or the public. 7. EPA will then revise the draft criteria as necessary, and announce the availability of the final water quality criteria in the Federal Register and on the Internet.

VI. What is the Process for Minor Revisions to Criteria?

In addition to developing new criteria, and conducting major reassessments of existing criteria, EPA also from time to time recalculates criteria based on new information pertaining to individual components of the criteria. For example, in today's notice, EPA has recalculated a number of criteria based on new, peer-reviewed data contained in EPA's IRIS. Because such recalculations normally result in only minor changes to the criteria, do not ordinarily involve a change in the underlying scientific methodologies, and reflect peer-reviewed data, EPA will typically publish such recalculated criteria directly as the Agency's recommended water quality criteria. If it appears that a recalculation results in a significant change EPA will follow the process of peer review and public input outlined above. Further, when EPA recalculates national water quality criteria in the course of proposing or promulgating state-specific federal water quality standards pursuant to section 303(c), EPA will offer an opportunity for national public input on the recalculated criteria.

VII. How Does the Process Outlined Above Improve Public Input and Efficiency?

In the past, EPA developed draft criteria documents and announced their availability for public comment in the Federal Register. This led to new data and views coming to EPA's attention after draft criteria had already been developed. Responding to new data would sometimes lead to extensive revisions. The steps outlined above improve the criteria development process in the following ways. 1. The new process is Internet-based which is in line with EPA policy for public access and dissemination of information gathered by EPA. Use of the Internet will allow the public to be more engaged in the criteria development process than previously and to more

knowledgeably follow criteria development. For new criteria or major revisions, EPA will announce its intentions to derive the new or revised criteria on the Internet and include a list of the available literature. This will give the public an opportunity to provide additional data that might not otherwise be identified by the Agency. 2. The public now has two opportunities to contribute data and views, before development and during development, instead of a single opportunity after development. 3. EPA has instituted broader and more formal peer review procedures. This independent scientific review is a more rigorous disciplinary practice to ensure technical improvements in Agency decision making. Previously, EPA used the public comment process outlined above to obtain peer review. The new process allows for both public input and a formal peer review, resulting in a more thorough and complete evaluation of the criteria. 4. Announcing the availability of the draft water quality criteria on the Internet will give the public an opportunity to provide input on issues of science in a more timely manner.

VIII. Where Can I Find More Information About Water Quality Criteria and Water Quality Standards?

For more information about water quality criteria and Water Quality Standards refer to the following: Water Quality Standards Handbook (EPA 823-B94-005a); Advanced Notice of Proposed Rule Making (ANPRM), (63 FR 36742); Water Quality Criteria and Standards Plan--Priorities for the Future (EPA 822-R-98-003); Guidelines and Methodologies Used in the Preparation of Health Effects Assessment Chapters of the Consent Decree Water Criteria Documents (45 FR 79347); Draft Water Quality Criteria Methodology Revisions: Human Health (63 FR 43755, EPA 822-Z-98-001); and Guidelines for Deriving Numerical National Water Quality Criteria for the Protection of Aquatic Organisms and Their Uses (EPA 822/R-85- 100); National Strategy for the Development of Regional Nutrient Criteria (EPA 822-R-98-002). These publications may also be accessed through EPA's National Center for Environmental Publications and Information (NCEPI) or on the Office of Science and Technology's Home-page (www.epa.gov/OST).

IX. What Are the National Recommended Water Quality Criteria?

The following compilation and its associated footnotes and notes presents the national recommended water quality criteria.

National Recommended Water Quality Criteria for Priority Toxic Pollutants ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Freshwater Saltwater Human health for consumption of: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Priority pollutant CAS No. CMC (g/ CCC (g/ CMC (g/ CCC (g/ Water + organism Organism only FR cite/source L) L) L) L) (g/L) (g/L) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 Antimony.................... 7440360 .................. .................. .................. .................. 14 B,\\Z.......... 4300 B............ 57 FR 60848 2 Arsenic..................... 7440382 340 A,D,K......... 150 A,D,K......... 69 A,D,bb......... 36A,D,bb.......... .................. .................. 62 FR 42160 0.018 C,M,S....... 0.14 C,M,S........ 57 FR 60848 3 Beryllium................... 7440417 .................. .................. .................. .................. J,\\Z............. J................. 62 FR 42160 4 Cadmium..................... 7440439 4.3 D,\\E,\\K..... 2.2 D,\\E,\\K..... 42 D,\\bb......... 9.3 D,\\bb........ J,\\Z............. J................. 62 FR 42160 5a Chromium III............... 16065831 570 D,\\E,\\K..... 74 D,E,K.......... .................. .................. .................. .................. EPA 820/B-96-001 J,\\Z Total....... J................. 62 FR 42160 5b Chromium VI................ 18540299 16 D,\\K.......... 11 D,\\K.......... 1,100 D,\\bb...... 50 D,\\bb......... J,\\Z Total....... J................. 62 FR 42160 6 Copper...................... 7440508 13 D,\\E,\\K,\\cc. 9.0 D,\\E,\\K,\\cc 4.8 D,\\cc,\\ff... 3.1 D,\\cc,\\ff... 1,300 U........... .................. 62 FR 42160 7 Lead........................ 7439921 65 D,\\E,\\bb,\\gg 2.5 D,\\E,\\bb,\\g 210 D,\\bb........ 8.1 D,\\bb........ J................. J................. 62 FR 42160 g. 8 Mercury..................... 7439976 1.4 D,\\K,\\hh.... 0.77 D,\\K,\\hh... 1.8 D,\\ee,\\hh... 0.94 D,\\ee,\\hh.. 0.050 B........... 0.051 B........... 62 FR 42160 9 Nickel...................... 7440020 470 D,\\E,\\K..... 52 D,\\E,\\K...... 74 D,\\bb......... 8.2 D,\\bb........ 610 B............. 4,600 B........... 62 FR 42160 10 Selenium................... 7782492 L,\\R,\\T......... 5.0 T............. 290 D,\\bb,\\dd... 71 D,\\bb,\\dd.... .................. .................. 62 FR 42160 170 Z............. 11,000............ IRIS 09/01/91 11 Silver..................... 7440224 3.4 D,\\E,\\G..... .................. 1.9 D,\\G......... .................. .................. .................. 62 FR 42160 12 Thallium................... 7440280 .................. .................. .................. .................. 1.7 B............. 6.3 B............. 57 FR 60848 13 Zinc....................... 7440666 120 D,\\E,\\K..... 120 D,\\E,\\K..... 90 D,\\bb......... 81 D,\\bb......... .................. .................. 62 FR 42160 9,100 U........... 69,000 U.......... IRIS 10/01/92 14 Cyanide.................... 57125 22 K,\\Q.......... 5.2 K,\\Q......... .................. .................. .................. .................. EPA 820/B-96-001 1 Q,\\bb.......... 1 Q,\\bb.......... 700 B,\\Z......... 220,000 B,\\H..... 57 FR 60848 15 Asbestos................... 1332214 .................. .................. .................. .................. 7 million fibers/L .................. 57 FR 60848 I. 16 2, 3, 7, 8-TCDD Dioxin..... 1746016 .................. .................. .................. .................. 1.3E-8 C.......... 1.4E-8 C.......... 62 FR 42160 17 Acrolein................... 107028 .................. .................. .................. .................. 320............... 780............... 57 FR 60848 18 Acrylonitrile.............. 107131 .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.059 B,C......... 0.66 B,C.......... 57 FR 60848 19 Benzene.................... 71432 .................. .................. .................. .................. 1.2 B,C........... 71 B,C............ 62 FR 42160 20 Bromoform.................. 75252 .................. .................. .................. .................. 4.3 B,C........... 360 B,C........... 62 FR 42160 21 Carbon Tetrachloride....... 56235 .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.25 B,C.......... 4.4 B,C........... 57 FR 60848 22 Chlorobenzene.............. 108907 .................. .................. .................. .................. 680 B,Z........... 21,000 B,H........ 57 FR 60848 23 Chlorodibromomethane....... 124481 .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.41 B,C.......... 34 B,C............ 62 FR 42160 24 Chloroethane............... 75003 ............................ 25 2-Chloroethylvinyl Ether... 110758 ............................ 26 Chloroform................. 67663 .................. .................. .................. .................. 5.7 B,C........... 470 B,C........... 62 FR 42160 27 Dichlorobromomethane....... 75274 .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.56 B,C.......... 46 B,C............ 62 FR 42160 28 1,1-Dichloroethane......... 75343 ............................ 29 1,2-Dichloroethane......... 107062 .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.38 B,C.......... 99 B,C............ 57 FR 60848 30 1,1-Dichloroethylene....... 75354 .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.057 B,C......... 3.2 B,C........... 57 FR 60848 31 1,2-Dichloropropane........ 78875 .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.52 B,C.......... 39 B,C............ 62 FR 42160 32 1,3-Dichloropropene........ 542756 .................. .................. .................. .................. 10 B.............. 1,700 B........... 57 FR 60848 33 Ethylbenzene............... 100414 .................. .................. .................. .................. 3,100 B,Z......... 29,000 B.......... 62 FR 42160 34 Methyl Bromide............. 74839 .................. .................. .................. .................. 48 B.............. 4000 B............ 62 FR 42160 35 Methyl Chloride............ 74873 .................. .................. .................. .................. J................. J................. 62 FR 42160 36 Methylene Chloride......... 75092 .................. .................. .................. .................. 4.7 B,C........... 1600 B,C.......... 62 FR 42160 37 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane.. 79345 .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.17 B,C.......... 11B,C............. 57 FR 60848 38 Tetrachloroethylene........ 127184 .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.8 C............. 8.85 C............ 57 FR 60848 39 Toluene.................... 108883 .................. .................. .................. .................. 6,800 B,Z......... 200,000 B......... 62 FR 42160 40 1,2-Trans-Dichloroethylene. 156605 .................. .................. .................. .................. 700 B,Z........... 140,000 B......... 62 FR 42160 41 1,1,1-Trichloroethane...... 71556 .................. .................. .................. .................. J,Z.............. J................ 62 FR 42160 42 1,1,2-Trichloroethane...... 79005 .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.60 B,C.......... 42 B,C............ 57 FR 60848 43 Trichloroethylene.......... 79016 .................. .................. .................. .................. 2.7 C............. 81 C.............. 57 FR 60848 44 Vinyl Chloride............. 75014 .................. .................. .................. .................. 2.0 C............. 525 C............. 57 FR 60848 45 2-Chlorophenol............. 95578 .................. .................. .................. .................. 120 B,U........... 400 B,U........... 62 FR 42160 46 2,4-Dichlorophenol......... 120832 .................. .................. .................. .................. 93 B,U............ 790 B,U........... 57 FR 60848 47 2,4-Dimethylphenol......... 105679 .................. .................. .................. .................. 540 B,U........... 2,300 B,U......... 62 FR 42160 48 2-Methyl-4,6-Dinitrophenol. 534521 .................. .................. .................. .................. 13.4.............. 765............... 57 FR 60848 49 2,4-Dinitrophenol.......... 51285 .................. .................. .................. .................. 70 B.............. 14,000 B.......... 57 FR 60848 50 2-Nitrophenol.............. 88755 ............................ 51 4-Nitrophenol.............. 100027 ............................ 52 3-Methyl-4-Chlorophenol.... 59507 .................. .................. .................. .................. U................ U.

53 Pentachlorophenol.......... 87865 19 F,K............ 15 F,K............ 13 bb............. 7.9 bb............ 0.28 B,C.......... 8.2 B,C,H......... 62 FR 42160 54 Phenol..................... 108952 .................. .................. .................. .................. 21,000 B,U........ .................. 62 FR 42160 4,600,000 B,H,U... 57 FR 60848 55 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol...... 88062 .................. .................. .................. .................. 2.1 B,C,U......... 6.5 B,C........... 62 FR 42160 56 Acenaphthene............... 83329 .................. .................. .................. .................. 1,200 B,U......... 2,700 B,U......... 62 FR 42160 57 Acenaphthylene............. 208968 58 Anthracene................. 120127 .................. .................. .................. .................. 9,600 B........... 110,000 B......... 62 FR 42160 59 Benzidine.................. 92875 .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.00012 B,C....... 0.00054 B,C....... 57 FR 60848 60 BenzoaAnthracene........... 56553 .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.0044 B,C........ 0.049 B,C......... 62 FR 42160 61 BenzoaPyrene............... 50328 .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.0044 B,C........ 0.049 B,C......... 62 FR 42160 62 BenzobFluoranthene......... 205992 .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.0044 B,C........ 0.049 B,C......... 62 FR 42160 63 BenzoghiPerylene........... 191242 ............................ 64 BenzokFluoranthene......... 207089 .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.0044 B,C........ 0.049 B,C......... 62 FR 42160 65 Bis2-ChloroethoxyMethane... 111911 ............................ 66 Bis2-ChloroethylEther...... 111444 .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.031 B,C......... 1.4 B,C........... 57 FR 60848 67 Bis2-ChloroisopropylEther.. 39638329 .................. .................. .................. .................. 1,400 B........... .................. 62 FR 42160 170,000 B......... 57 FR 60848 68 Bis2-EthylhexylPhthalate X. 117817 .................. .................. .................. .................. 1.8 B,C........... 5.9 B,C........... 57 FR 60848 69 4-Bromophenyl Phenyl Ether. 101553 ............................ 70 Butylbenzyl PhthalateW..... 85687 .................. .................. .................. .................. 3,000 B........... 5,200 B........... 62 FR 42160 71 2-Chloronaphthalene........ 91587 .................. .................. .................. .................. 1,700 B........... 4,300 B........... 62 FR 42160 72 4-Chlorophenyl Phenyl Ether 7005723 ............................ 73 Chrysene................... 218019 .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.0044 B,C........ 0.049 B,C......... 62 FR 42160 74 Dibenzoa,hAnthracene....... 53703 .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.0044 B,C........ 0.049 B,C......... 62 FR 42160 75 1,2-Dichlorobenzene........ 95501 .................. .................. .................. .................. 2,700 B,Z......... 17,000 B.......... 62 FR 42160 76 1,3-Dichlorobenzene........ 541731 .................. .................. .................. .................. 400............... 2,600............. 62 FR 42160 77 1,4-Dichlorobenzene........ 106467 .................. .................. .................. .................. 400 Z............. 2,600............. 62 FR 42160 78 3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine..... 91941 .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.04 B,C.......... 0.077 B,C......... 57 FR 60848 79 Diethyl Phthalate W........ 84662 .................. .................. .................. .................. 23,000 B.......... 120,000 B......... 57 FR 60848 80 Dimethyl Phthalate W....... 131113 .................. .................. .................. .................. 313,000........... 2,900,000......... 57 FR 60848 81 Di-n-Butyl Phthalate W..... 84742 .................. .................. .................. .................. 2,700 B........... 12,000 B.......... 57 FR 60848 82 2,4-Dinitrotoluene......... 121142 .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.11 C............ 9.1 C............. 57 FR 60848 83 2,6-Dinitrotoluene......... 606202 ............................ 84 Di-n-Octyl Phthalate....... 117840 ............................ 85 1,2-Diphenylhydrazine...... 122667 .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.040 B,C......... 0.54 B,C.......... 57 FR 60848 86 Fluoranthene............... 206440 .................. .................. .................. .................. 300 B............. 370 B............. 62 FR 42160 87 Fluorene................... 86737 .................. .................. .................. .................. 1,300 B........... 14,000 B.......... 62 FR 42160 88 Hexachlorobenzene.......... 118741 .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.00075 B,C....... 0.00077 B,C....... 62 FR 42160 89 Hexachlorobutadiene........ 87683 .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.44 B,C.......... 50 B,C............ 57 FR 60848 90 Hexachlorocyclopentadiene.. 77474 .................. .................. .................. .................. 240 B,U,Z......... 17,000 B,H,U...... 57 FR 60848 91 Hexachloroethane........... 67721 .................. .................. .................. .................. 1.9 B,C........... 8.9 B,C........... 57 FR 60848 92 Ideno 1,2,3-cdPyrene....... 193395 .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.0044 B,C........ 0.049 B,C......... 62 FR 42160 93 Isophorone................. 78591 .................. .................. .................. .................. 36 B,C............ 2,600 B,C......... IRIS 11/01/97 94 Naphthalene................ 91203 ............................ 95 Nitrobenzene............... 98953 .................. .................. .................. .................. 17 B.............. 1,900 B,H,U....... 57 FR 60848 96 N-Nitrosodimethylamine..... 62759 .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.00069 B,C....... 8.1 B,C........... 57 FR 60848 97 N-Nitrosodi-n-Propylamine.. 621647 .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.005 B,C......... 1.4 B,C........... 62 FR 42160 98 N-Nitrosodiphenylamine..... 86306 .................. .................. .................. .................. 5.0 B,C........... 16 B,C............ 57 FR 60848 99 Phenanthrene............... 85018 ............................ 100 Pyrene.................... 129000 .................. .................. .................. .................. 960 B............. 11,000 B.......... 62 FR 42160 101 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene.... 120821 .................. .................. .................. .................. 260 Z............. 940............... IRIS 11/01/96 102 Aldrin.................... 309002 3.0 G............. .................. 1.3 G............. .................. 0.00013 B,C....... 0.00014 B,C....... 62 FR 42160 103 alpha-BHC................. 319846 .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.0039 B,C........ 0.013 B,C......... 62 FR 42160 104 beta-BHC.................. 319857 .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.014 B,C......... 0.046 B,C......... 62 FR 42160 105 gamma-BHC (Lindane)....... 58899 0.95 K............ .................. 0.16 G............ .................. 0.019 C........... 0.063 C........... 62 FR 42160 106 delta-BHC................. 319868 107 Chlordane................. 57749 2.4 G............. 0.0043 G,aa....... 0.09 G............ 0.004 G,aa........ .................. .................. 62 FR 42160 0.0021 B,C........ 0.0022 B,C........ IRIS 02/07/98

108 4,4'-DDT.................. 50293 1.1 G............. 0.001 G,aa........ 0.13 G............ 0.001 G,aa........ 0.00059 B,C....... 0.00059 B,C....... 62 FR 42160 109 4,4'-DDE.................. 72559 .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.00059 B,C....... 0.00059 B,C....... 62 FR 42160 110 4,4'-DDD.................. 72548 .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.00083 B,C....... 0.00084 B,C....... 62 FR 42160 111 Dieldrin.................. 60571 0.24 K............ 0.056 K,O......... 0.71 G............ 0.0019 G,aa....... 0.00014 B,C....... 0.00014 B,C....... 62 FR 42160 112 alpha-Endosulfan.......... 959988 0.22 G,Y.......... 0.056 G,Y......... 0.034 G,Y......... 0.0087 G,Y........ 110 B............. 240 B............. 62 FR 42160 113 beta-Endosulfan........... 33213659 0.22 G,Y.......... 0.056 G,Y......... 0.034 G,Y......... 0.0087 G,Y........ 110 B............. 240 B............. 62 FR 42160 114 Endosulfan Sulfate........ 1031078 .................. .................. .................. .................. 110 B............. 240 B............. 62 FR 42160 115 Endrin.................... 72208 0.086 K........... 0.036 K,O......... 0.037 G........... 0.0023 G,aa....... 0.76 B............ 0.81 B,H.......... 62 FR 42160 116 Endrin Aldehyde........... 7421934 .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.76 B............ 0.81 B,H.......... 62 FR 42160 117 Heptachlor................ 76448 0.52 G............ 0.0038 G,aa....... 0.053 G........... 0.0036 G,aa....... 0.00021 B,C....... 0.00021 B,C....... 62 FR 42160 118 Heptachlor Epoxide........ 1024573 0.52 G,V.......... 0.0038 G,V,aa..... 0.053 G,V......... 0.0036 G,V,aa..... 0.00010 B,C....... 0.00011 B,C....... 62 FR 42160 119 Polychlorinated Biphenyls ......... .................. 0.014 N,aa........ .................. 0.03 N,aa......... .................. .................. 62 FR 42160 PCBs 0.00017 B,C,P..... 0.00017 B,C,P..... 63 FR 16182 120 Toxaphene................. 8001352 0.73.............. 0.0002 aa......... 0.21.............. 0.0002 aa......... 0.00073 B,C....... 0.00075 B,C....... 62 FR 42160 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Footnotes: A This recommended water quality criterion was derived from data for arsenic (III), but is applied here to total arsenic, which might imply that arsenic (III) and arsenic (V) are equally toxic to aquatic life and that their toxicities are additive. In the arsenic criteria document (EPA 440/5-84-033, January 1985), Species Mean Acute Values are given for both arsenic (III) and arsenic (V) for five species and the ratios of the SMAVs for each species range from 0.6 to 1.7. Chronic values are available for both arsenic (III) and arsenic (V) for one species; for the fathead minnow, the chronic value for arsenic (V) is 0.29 times the chronic value for arsenic (III). No data are known to be available concerning whether the toxicities of the forms of arsenic to aquatic organisms are additive. B This criterion has been revised to reflect The Environmental Protection Agency's q1* or RfD, as contained in the Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) as of April 8, 1998. The fish tissue bioconcentration factor (BCF) from the 1980 Ambient Water Quality Criteria document was retained in each case. C This criterion is based on carcinogenicity of 10 -6 risk. Alternate risk levels may be obtained by moving the decimal point (e.g., for a risk level of 10 -5, move the decimal point in the recommended criterion one place to the right). D Freshwater and saltwater criteria for metals are expressed in terms of the dissolved metal in the water column. The recommended water quality criteria value was calculated by using the previous 304(a) aquatic life criteria expressed in terms of total recoverable metal, and multiplying it by a conversion factor (CF). The term ``Conversion Factor'' (CF) represents the recommended conversion factor for converting a metal criterion expressed as the total recoverable fraction in the water column to a criterion expressed as the dissolved fraction in the water column. (Conversion Factors for saltwater CCCs are not currently available. Conversion factors derived for saltwater CMCs have been used for both saltwater CMCs and CCCs.) See ``Office of Water Policy and Technical Guidance on Interpretation and Implementation of Aquatic Life Metals Criteria,'' October 1, 1993, by Martha G. Prothro, Acting Assistant Administrator for Water, available from the Water Resource center, USEPA, 401 M St., SW, mall code RC4100, Washington, DC 20460; and 40 CFRSec. 131.36(b)(1). Conversion Factors applied in the table can be found in Appendix A to the Preamble--Conversion Factors for Dissolved Metals. E The freshwater criterion for this metal is expressed as a function of hardness (mg/L) in the water column. The value given here corresponds to a hardness of 100 mg/L. Criteria values for other hardness may be calculated from the following: CMC (dissolved) = exp {m A [ln(hardness)]+b A} (CF), or CCC (dissolved) = exp {m C [ln (hardness)]+b C} (CF) and the parameters specified in Appendix B to the Preamble--Parameters for Calculating Freshwater Dissolved Metals Criteria That Are Hardness-Dependent. F Freshwater aquatic life values for pentachlorophenol are expressed as a function of pH, and are calculated as follows: CMD=exp(1.005(pH)-4.869); CCC=exp(1.005 (pH)-5.134). Values displayed in table correspond to a pH of 7.8. G This Criterion is based on 304(a) aquatic life criterion issued in 1980, and was issued in one of the following documents: Aldrin/Dieldrin (EPA 440/5-80-019), Chlordane (EPA 440/5-80-027), DDT (EPA 440/5-80-038), Endosulfan (EPA 440/5-80-046), Endrin (EPA 440/5-80-047), Heptachlor (440/5-80-052), Hexachlorocyclohexane (EPA 440/5-80-054), Silver (EPA 440/5-80-071). The Minimum Data Requirements and derivation procedures were different in the 1980 Guidelines than in the 1985 Guidelines. For example, a ``CMC'' derived using the 1980 Guidelines was derived to be used as an instantaneous maximum. If assessment is to be done using an averaging period, the values given should be divided by 2 to obtain a value that is more comparable to a CMC derived using the 1985 Guidelines. H No criterion for protection of human health from consumption of aquatic organisms excluding water was presented in the 1980 criteria document or in the 1986 Quality Criteria for Water. Nevertheless, sufficient information was presented in the 1980 document to allow the calculation of a criterion, even though the results of such a calculation were not shown in the document. I This criterion for asbestos is the Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) developed under the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA). J EPA has not calculated human health criterion for this contaminant. However, permit authorities should address this contaminant in NPDES permit actions using the State's existing narrative criteria for toxics. K This recommended criterion is based on a 304(a) aquatic life criterion that was issued in the 1995 Updates: Water Quality Criteria Documents for the Protection of Aquatic Life in Ambient Water, (EPA-820-B-96-011, September 1996). This value was derived using the GLI Guidelines (60 FR 15393-15399, March 23, 1995; 40 CFR 132 Appendix A); the difference between the 1985 Guidelines and the GLI Guidelines are explained on page iv of the 1995 Updates. None of the decisions concerning the derivation of this criterion were affected by any considerations that are specific to the Great Lakes. L The CMC=1/[(f1/CMC1)=(f2/CMC2)] where f1 and f2 are the fractions of total selenium that are treated as selenite and selenate, respectively, and CMC1 and CMC2 are 185.9 g/l and 12.83 g/l, respectively. M EPA is currently reassessing the criteria for arsenic. Upon completion of the reassessment the Agency will publish revised criteria as appropriate. N PCBs are a class of chemicals which include aroclors, 1242, 1254, 1221, 1232, 1248, 1260, and 1016, CAS numbers 53469219, 11097691, 11104282, 11141165, 12672296, 11096825 and 12674112 respectively. The aquatic life criteria apply to this set of PCBs. O The derivation of the CCC for this pollutant did not consider exposure through the diet, which is probably important for aquatic life occupying upper trophic levels. P This criterion applies to total pcbs, i.e., the sum of all congener or all isomer analyses. Q This recommended water quality criterion is expressed as g free cyanide (as CN)/L. R This value was announced (61 FR 58444-58449, November 14, 1996) as a proposed GLI 303(c) aquatic life criterion. EPA is currently working on this criterion and so this value might change substantially in the near future. S This recommended water quality criterion refers to the inorganic form only. T This recommended water quality criterion is expressed in terms of total recoverable metal in the water column. It is scientifically acceptable to use the conversion factor of 0.922 that was used in the GLI to convert this to a value that is expressed in terms of dissolved metal. U The organoleptic effect criterion is more stringent than the value for priority toxic pollutants.

V This value was derived from data for heptachlor and the criteria document provides insufficient data to estimate the relative toxicities of heptachlor and heptachlor epoxide. W Although EPA has not published a final criteria document for this compound it is EPA's understanding that sufficient data exist to allow calculation of aquatic criteria. It is anticipated that industry intends to publish in the peer reviewed literature draft aquatic life criteria generated in accordance with EPA Guidelines. EPA will review such criteria for possible issuance as national WQC. X There is a full set of aquatic life toxicity data that show that DEHP is not toxic to aquatic organisms at or below its solubility limit. Y This value was derived from data for endosulfan and is most appropriately applied to the sum of alpha-endosulfan and beta-endosulfan. Z A more stringent MCL has been issued by EPA. Refer to drinking water regulations (40 CFR 141) or Safe Drinking Water Hotline (1-800-426-4791) for values. aa This CCC is based on the Final Residue Value procedure in the 1985 Guidelines. Since the publication of the Great Lakes Aquatic Life Criteria Guidelines in 1995 (60FR 15393-15399, March 23, 1995), the Agency no longer uses the Final Residue Value procedure for deriving CCCs for new or revised 304(a) aquatic life criteria. bb This water quality criterion is based on 304(a) aquatic life criterion that was derived using the 1985 Guidelines (Guidelines for Deriving Numerical National Water Quality Criteria for the Protection of Aquatic Organisms and Their Uses, PB85-227049, January 1985) and was issued in one of the following criteria documents: Arsenic (EPA 440/5-84-033), Cadmium (EPA 440/5-84-032), Chromium (EPA 440/5-84-029), Copper (EPA 440/5-84-031), Cyanide (EPA 400/5-84-028), Lead (EPA 440/5-84-027), Nickel (EPA 440/5-86-004), Pentachlorophenol (EPA 440/5-86-009), Toxaphene (EPA 440/5-86-006), Zinc (EPA 440/5-87-003). cc When the concentration of dissolved organic carbon is elevated, copper is substantially less toxic and use of Water-Effect Ratios might be appropriate. dd The selenium criteria document (EPA 440/5-87-006), September 1987) provides that if selenium is as toxic to saltwater fishes in the field as it is to freshwater fishes in the field, the status of the fish community should be monitored whenever the concentration of selenium exceeds 5.0 g/L in salt water because the saltwater CCC does not take into account uptake via the food chain. ee This recommended water quality criterion was derived on page 43 of the mercury criteria document (EPA 440/5-84-026, January 1985). The saltwater CCC of 0.025 g/L given on page 23 of the criteria document is based on the Final Residue Value procedure in the 1985 Guidelines. Since the publication of the Great Lakes Aquatic Life Criteria Guidelines in 1995 (60FR15393- 15399, March 23, 1995), the Agency no longer uses the Final Residue Value procedure for deriving CCCs for new or revised 304(a) aquatic life criteria. ff This recommended water quality criterion was derived in Ambient Water Quality Criteria Saltwater Copper Addendum (Draft, April 14, 1995) and was promulgated in the Interim Final National Toxics Rule (60FR22228-222237, May 4, 1995). gg EPA is actively working on this criterion and so this recommended water quality criterion may change substantially in the near future. hh This recommended water quality criterion was derived from data for inorganic mercury (II), but is applied here to total mercury. If a substantial portion of the mercury in the water column is methylmercury, this criterion will probably be under protective. In addition, even though inorganic mercury is converted to methylmercury and methylmercury bioaccumulates to a great extent, this criterion does not account for uptake via the food chain because sufficient data were not available when the criteria was derived.

National Recommended Water Quality Criteria for Non Priority Pollutants ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Freshwater Saltwater Human health for consumption of: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Non priority pollutant CAS No. CMC (g/ CCC (g/ CMC (g/ CCC (g/ Water + organism Organism only FR cite/source L) L) L) L) (g/L) (g/L) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 Alkalinity.................. ......... .................. 20000 F........... .................. .................. .................. .................. Gold Book 2 Aluminum pH 6.5-9.0......... 7429905 750 G,I........... 87 G,I,L.......... .................. .................. .................. .................. 53 FR 33178 3 Ammonia..................... 7664417 FRESHWATER CRITERIA ARE pH DEPENDENT--SEE DOCUMENT EPA822-R-98-008 SALTWATER CRITERIA ARE pH AND TEMPERATURE DEPENDENT D EPA440/5-88-004 4 Aesthetic Qualities......... NARRATIVE STATEMENT--SEE DOCUMENT Gold Book 5 Bacteria.................... ......... FOR PRIMARY RECREATION AND SHELLFISH USES--SEE DOCUMENT Gold Book 6 Barium...................... 7440393 .................. .................. .................. .................. 1,000 A........... .................. Gold Book 7 Boron....................... ......... NARRATIVE STATEMENT--SEE DOCUMENT Gold Book 8 Chloride.................... 16887006 860000 G.......... 230000 G.......... .................. .................. .................. .................. 53 FR 19028 9 Chlorine.................... 7782505 19................ 11................ 13................ 7.5............... C................ .................. Gold Book 10 Chlorophenoxy Herbicide 93721 .................. .................. .................. .................. 10 A.............. .................. Gold Book 2,4,5,-TP. 11 Chlorophenoxy Herbicide 2,4- 94757 .................. .................. .................. .................. 100 A,C........... .................. Gold Book D. 12 Chloropyrifos............... 2921882 0.083 G........... 0.041 G........... 0.011 G........... 0.0056 G.......... .................. .................. Gold Book 13 Color....................... ......... NARRATIVE STATEMENT--SEE DOCUMENT F Gold Book 14 Demeton..................... 8065483 .................. 0.1 F,H........... .................. 0.1 F,H........... .................. .................. Gold Book 15 Ether, Bis Chloromethyl..... 542881 .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.00013 E......... 0.00078 E......... IRIS 01/01/91 16 Gases, Total Dissolved...... ......... NARRATIVE STATEMENT--SEE DOCUMENT F Gold Book 17 Guthion..................... 86500 .................. 0.01 F,H.......... .................. 0.01 F,H.......... .................. .................. Gold Book 18 Hardness.................... ......... NARRATIVE STATEMENT--SEE DOCUMENT Gold Book 19 Hexachlorocyclo-hexane- 319868 .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.0123............ 0.0414............ Gold Book Technical. 20 Iron........................ 7439896 .................. 1000 F............ .................. .................. 300 A............. .................. Gold Book 21 Malathion................... 121755 .................. 0.1 F,H........... .................. .................. .................. .................. Gold Book 22 Manganese................... 7439965 .................. .................. .................. .................. 50 A.............. 100 A............. Gold Book 23 Methoxychlor................ 72435 .................. 0.03 F,H.......... .................. 0.03 F,H.......... 100 A,C........... .................. Gold Book 24 Mirex....................... 2385855 .................. 0.001 F,H......... .................. 0.001 F,H......... .................. .................. Gold Book 25 Nitrates.................... 14797558 .................. .................. .................. .................. 10,000 A.......... .................. Gold Book 26 Nitrosamines................ ......... .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.0008............ 1.24.............. ...........................

27 Dinitrophenols.............. 25550587 .................. .................. .................. .................. 70................ 14,000............ Gold Book 28 Nitrosodibutylamine,N....... 924163 .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.0064 A.......... 0.587 A........... Gold Book 29 Nitrosodiethylamine,N....... 55185 .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.0008 A.......... 1.24 A............ Gold Book 30 Nitrosopyrrolidine,N........ 930552 .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.016............. 91.9.............. Gold Book 31 Oil and Grease.............. ......... NARRATIVE STATEMENT--SEE DOCUMENT F Gold Book 32 Oxygen, Dissolved........... 7782447 WARMWATER AND COLDWATER MATRIX--SEE DOCUMENT O Gold Book 33 Parathion................... 56382 0.065 J........... 0.013 J........... .................. .................. .................. .................. Gold Book 34 Pentachlorobenzene.......... 608935 .................. .................. .................. .................. 3.5 E............. 4.1 E............. IRIS 03/01/88 35 pH.......................... ......... .................. 6.5-9 F........... .................. 6.5-8.5 F,K....... 5-9............... .................. Gold Book 36 Phosphorus Elemental........ 7723140 .................. .................. .................. 0.1 F,K........... .................. .................. Gold Book 37 Phosphate Phosphorus........ ......... NARRATIVE STATEMENT--SEE DOCUMENT Gold Book 38 Solids Dissolved and ......... .................. .................. .................. .................. 250,000 A......... .................. Gold Book Salinity. 39 Solids Suspended and ......... NARRATIVE STATEMENT--SEE DOCUMENT F Gold Book Turbidity. 40 Sulfide-Hydrogen Sulfide.... 7783064 .................. 2.0 F,H........... .................. 2.0 F,H........... .................. .................. Gold Book 41 Tainting Substances......... ......... NARRATIVE STATEMENT--SEE DOCUMENT Gold Book 42 Temperature................. ......... SPECIES DEPENDENT CRITERIA--SEE DOCUMENT M Gold Book 43 Tetrachlorobenzene,1,2,4,5-. 95943 .................. .................. .................. .................. 2.3 E............. 2.9 E............. IRIS03/01/91 44 Tributyltin TBT............. ......... 0.46 N............ 0.063 N........... 0.37 N............ 0.010 N........... .................. .................. 62 FR 42554 45 Trichlorophenol,2,4,5-...... 95954 .................. .................. .................. .................. 2,600 B,E......... 9,800 B,E......... IRIS 03/01/88 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Footnotes: A This human health criterion is the same as originally published in the Red Book which predates the 1980 methodology and did not utilize the fish ingestion BCF approach. This same criterion value is now published in the Gold Book B The organoleptic effect criterion is more stringent than the value presented in the non priority pollutants table. C A more stringent Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) has been issued by EPA under the Safe Drinking Water Act. Refer to drinking water regulations 40 CFR 141 or Safe Drinking Water Hotline (1- 800-426-4791) for values. D According to the procedures described in the Guidelines for Deriving Numerical National Water Quality Criteria for the Protection of Aquatic Organisms and Their Uses, except possibly where a very sensitive species is important at a site, freshwater aquatic life should be protected if both conditions specified in Appendix C to the Preamble--Calculation of Freshwater Ammonia Criterion are satisfied. E This criterion has been revised to reflect The Environmental Protection Agency's q1* or RfD, as contained in the Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) as of April 8, 1998. The fish tissue bioconcentration factor (BCF) used to derive the original criterion was retained in each case. F The derivation of this value is presented in the Red Book (EPA 440/9-76-023, July, 1976). G This value is based on a 304(a) aquatic life criterion that was derived using the 1985 Guidelines (Guidelines for Deriving Numerical National Water Quality Criteria for the Protection of Aquatic Organisms and Their Uses, PB85-227049, January 1985) and was issued in one of the following criteria documents: Aluminum (EPA 440/5-86-008); Chloride (EPA 440/5-88-001); Chloropyrifos (EPA 440/5-86-005). H This CCC is based on the Final Residue Value procedure in the 1985 Guidelines. Since the publication of the Great Lakes Aquatic Life Criteria Guidelines in 1995 (60 FR 15393-15399, March 23, 1995), the Agency no longer uses the Final Residue Value procedure for deriving CCCs for new or revised 304(a) aquatic life criteria. I This value is expressed in terms of total recoverable metal in the water column. J This value is based on a 304(a) aquatic life criterion that was issued in the 1995 Updates: Water Quality Criteria Documents for the Protection of Aquatic Life in Ambient Water (EPA-820-B-96- 001). This value was derived using the GLI Guidelines (60 FR 15393-15399, March 23, 1995; 40 CFR 132 Appendix A); the differences between the 1985 Guidelines and the GLI Guidelines are explained on page iv of the 1995 Updates. No decision concerning this criterion was affected by any considerations that are specific to the Great Lakes. K According to page 181 of the Red Book: For open ocean waters where the depth is substantially greater than the euphotic zone, the pH should not be changed more than 0.2 units from the naturally occurring variation or any case outside the range of 6.5 to 8.5. For shallow, highly productive coastal and estuarine areas where naturally occurring pH variations approach the lethal limits of some species, changes in pH should be avoided but in any case should not exceed the limits established for fresh water, i.e., 6.5-9.0. L There are three major reasons why the use of Water-Effect Ratios might be appropriate. (1) The value of 87 g/l is based on a toxicity test with the striped bass in water with pH=6.5- 6.6 and hardness g aluminum/L, when either total recoverable or dissolved is measured. M U.S. EPA. 1973. Water Quality Criteria 1972. EPA-R3-73-033. National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA.; U.S. EPA. 1977. Temperature Criteria for Freshwater Fish: Protocol and Procedures. EPA-600/3-77-061. National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA. N This value was announced (62 FR 42554, August 7, 1997) as a proposed 304(a) aquatic life criterion. Although EPA has not responded to public comment, EPA is publishing this as a 304(a) criterion in today's notice as guidance for States and Tribes to consider when adopting water quality criteria. O U.S. EPA. 1986. Ambient Water Quality Criteria for Dissolved Oxygen. EPA 440/5-86-003. National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA.

National Recommended Water Quality Criteria for Organoleptic Effects ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Organoleptic effect Pollutant CAS No. criteria FR cite/source (g/L) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 Acenaphthene............................ 208968 20 Gold Book 2 Monochlorobenzene....................... 108907 20 Gold Book 3 3-Chlorophenol.......................... .............. 0.1 Gold Book 4 4-Chlorophenol.......................... 106489 0.1 Gold Book 5 2,3-Dichlorophenol...................... .............. 0.04 Gold Book 6 2,5-Dichlorophenol...................... .............. 0.5 Gold Book 7 2,6-Dichlorophenol...................... .............. 0.2 Gold Book 8 3,4-Dichlorophenol...................... .............. 0.3 Gold Book 9 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol................... 95954 1 Gold Book 10 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol.................. 88062 2 Gold Book 11 2,3,4,6-Tetrachlorophenol.............. .............. 1 Gold Book 12 2-Methyl-4-Chlorophenol................ .............. 1800 Gold Book 13 3-Methyl-4-Chlorophenol................ 59507 3000 Gold Book 14 3-Methyl-6-Chlorophenol................ .............. 20 Gold Book 15 2-Chlorophenol......................... 95578 0.1 Gold Book 16 Copper................................. 744058 1000 Gold Book 17 2,4-Dichlorophenol..................... 120832 0.3 Gold Book 18 2,4-Dimethylphenol..................... 105679 400 Gold Book 19 Hexachlorocyclopentadiene.............. 77474 1 Gold Book 20 Nitrobenzene........................... 98953 30 Gold Book 21 Pentachlorophenol...................... 87865 30 Gold Book 22 Phenol................................. 108952 300 Gold Book 23 Zinc................................... 7440666 5000 45 FR 79341 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- General Notes: 1. These criteria are based on organoleptic (taste and odor) effects. Because of variations in chemical nomenclature systems, this listing of pollutants does not duplicate the listing in Appendix A of 40 CFR Part 423. Also listed are the Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) registry numbers, which provide a unique identification for each chemical.

National Recommended Water Quality Criteria

Additional Notes

1. Criteria Maximum Concentration and Criterion Continuous Concentration

The Criteria Maximum Concentration (CMC) is an estimate of the highest concentration of a material in surface water to which an aquatic community can be exposed briefly without resulting in an unacceptable effect. The Criterion Continuous Concentration (CCC) is an estimate of the highest concentration of a material in surface water to which an aquatic community can be exposed indefinitely without resulting in an unacceptable effect. The CMC and CCC are just two of the six parts of a aquatic life criterion; the other four parts are the acute averaging period, chronic averaging period, acute frequency of allowed exceedence, and chronic frequency of allowed exceedence. Because 304(a) aquatic life criteria are national guidance, they are intended to be protective of the vast majority of the aquatic communities in the United States.

2. Criteria Recommendations for Priority Pollutants, Non Priority Pollutants and Organoleptic Effects

This compilation lists all priority toxic pollutants and some non priority toxic pollutants, and both human health effect and organoleptic effect criteria issued pursuant to CWA Sec. 304(a). Blank spaces indicate that EPA has no CWA Sec. 304(a) criteria recommendations. For a number of non-priority toxic pollutants not listed, CWA Sec. 304(a) ``water + organism'' human health criteria are not available, but, EPA has published MCLs under the SDWA that may be used in establishing water quality standards to protect water supply designated uses. Because of variations in chemical nomenclature systems, this listing of toxic pollutants does not duplicate the listing in Appendix A of 40 CFR Part 423. Also listed are the Chemical Abstracts Service CAS registry numbers, which provide a unique identification for each chemical.

3. Human Health Risk

The human health criteria for the priority and non priority pollutants are based on carcinogenicity of 10-6 risk. Alternate risk levels may be obtained by moving the decimal point (e.g., for a risk level of 10-5, move the decimal point in the recommended criterion one place to the right).

4. Water Quality Criteria Published Pursuant to Section 304(a) or Section 303(c) of the CWA

Many of the values in the compilation were published in the proposed California Toxics Rule (CTR, 62 FR 42160). Although such values were published pursuant to Section 303(c) of the CWA, they represent the Agency's most recent calculation of water quality criteria and thus are published today as the Agency's 304(a) criteria. Water quality criteria published in the proposed CTR may be revised when EPA takes final action on the CTR.

5. Calculation of Dissolved Metals Criteria

The 304(a) criteria for metals, shown as dissolved metals, are calculated in one of two ways. For freshwater metals criteria that are hardness-dependent, the dissolved metal criteria were calculated using a hardness of 100 mg/l as CaCO3 for illustrative purposes only. Saltwater and freshwater metals' criteria that are not hardness-dependent are calculated by multiplying the total recoverable criteria before rounding by the appropriate conversion factors. The final dissolved metals' criteria in the table are rounded to two significant figures. Information regarding the calculation of hardness dependent conversion factors are included in the footnotes.

6. Correction of Chemical Abstract Services Number

The Chemical Abstract Services number (CAS) for Bis(2- Chloroisopropyl) Ether, has been corrected in the table. The correct CAS number for this chemical is 39638-32-9. Previous publications listed 108-60-1 as the CAS number for this chemical.

7. Maximum Contaminant Levels

The compilation includes footnotes for pollutants with Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs) more stringent than the recommended water quality criteria in the compilation. MCLs for these pollutants are not included in the compilation, but can be found in the appropriate drinking water regulations (40 CFR 141.11-16 and 141.60-63), or can be accessed through the Safe Drinking Water Hotline (800-426-4791) or the Internet (www.epa.gov/ost/tools/dwstds-s.html).

8. Organoleptic Effects

The compilation contains 304(a) criteria for pollutants with toxicity-based criteria as well as non-toxicity based criteria. The basis for the non-toxicity based criteria are organoleptic effects (e.g., taste and odor) which would make water and edible aquatic life unpalatable but not toxic to humans. The table includes criteria for organoleptic effects for 23 pollutants. Pollutants with organoleptic effect criteria more stringent than the criteria based on toxicity (e.g., included in both the priority and non-priority pollutant tables) are footnoted as such.

9. Category Criteria

In the 1980 criteria documents, certain recommended water quality criteria were published for categories of pollutants rather than for individual pollutants within that category. Subsequently, in a series of separate actions, the Agency derived criteria for specific pollutants within a category. Therefore, in this compilation EPA is replacing criteria representing categories with individual pollutant criteria (e.g., 1,3-dichlorobenzene, 1,4- dichlorobenzene and 1,2-dichlorobenzene).

10. Specific Chemical Calculations

A. Selenium

(1) Human Health

In the 1980 Selenium document, a criterion for the protection of human health from consumption of water and organisms was calculated based on a BCF of 6.0 L/kg and a maximum water-related contribution of 35 g Se/day. Subsequently, the EPA Office of Health and Environmental Assessment issued an errata notice (February 23, 1982), revising the BCF for selenium to 4.8 L/kg. In 1988, EPA issued an addendum (ECAO-CIN-668) revising the human health criteria for selenium. Later in the final National Toxic Rule (NTR, 57 FR 60848), EPA withdrew previously published selenium human health criteria, pending Agency review of new epidemiological data. This compilation includes human health criteria for selenium, calculated using a BCF of 4.8 L/kg along with the current IRIS RfD of 0.005 mg/kg/day. EPA included these recommended water quality criteria in the compilation because the data necessary for calculating a criteria in accordance with EPA's 1980 human health methodology are available.

(2) Aquatic Life

This compilation contains aquatic life criteria for selenium that are the same as those published in the proposed CTR. In the CTR, EPA proposed an acute criterion for selenium based on the criterion proposed for selenium in the Water Quality Guidance for the Great Lakes System (61 FR 58444). The GLI and CTR proposals take into account data showing that selenium's two most prevalent oxidation states, selenite and selenate, present differing potentials for aquatic toxicity, as well as new data indicating that various forms of selenium are additive. The new approach produces a different selenium acute criterion concentration, or CMC, depending upon the relative proportions of selenite, selenate, and other forms of selenium that are present. EPA notes it is currently undertaking a reassessment of selenium, and expects the 304(a) criteria for selenium will be revised based on the final reassessment (63 FR 26186). However, until such time as revised water quality criteria for selenium are published by the Agency, the recommended water quality criteria in this compilation are EPA's current 304(a) criteria.

B. 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene and Zinc

Human health criteria for 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene and zinc have not been previously published. Sufficient information is now available for calculating water quality criteria for the protection of human health from the consumption of aquatic organisms and the consumption of aquatic organisms and water for both these compounds. Therefore, EPA is publishing criteria for these pollutants in this compilation.

C. Chromium (III)

The recommended aquatic life water quality criteria for chromium (III) included in the compilation are based on the values presented in the document titled: 1995 Updates: Water Quality Criteria Documents for the Protection of Aquatic Life in Ambient Water, however, this document contains criteria based on the total recoverable fraction. The chromium (III) criteria in this compilation were calculated by applying the conversion factors used in the Final Water Quality Guidance for the Great Lakes System (60 FR 15366) to the 1995 Update document values.

D. Ether, Bis (Chloromethyl), Pentachlorobenzene, Tetrachlorobenzene 1,2,4,5- Trichlorophenol

Human health criteria for these pollutants were last published in EPA's Quality Criteria for Water 1986 or ``Gold Book''. Some of these criteria were calculated using Acceptable Daily Intake (ADIs) rather than RfDs. Updated q1*s and RfDs are now available in IRIS for ether, bis (chloromethyl), pentachlorobenzene, tetrachlorobenzene 1,2,4,5-, and trichlorophenol, and were used to revise the water quality criteria for these compounds. The recommended water quality criteria for ether, bis (chloromethyl) were revised using an updated q1*, while criteria for pentachlorobenzene, and tetrachlorobenzene 1,2,4,5-, and trichlorophenol were derived using an updated RfD value.

E. PCBs

In this compilation EPA is publishing aquatic life and human health criteria based on total PCBs rather than individual arochlors. These criteria replace the previous criteria for the seven individual arochlors. Thus, there are criteria for a total of 102 of the 126 priority pollutants.

Dated: October 26, 1998. J. Charles Fox, Assistant Administrator, Office of Water.

Appendix A--Conversion Factors for Dissolved Metals

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Conversion Conversion Metal Conversion factor Conversion factor factor factor freshwater CMC freshwater CCC saltwater CMC saltwater CCC ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Arsenic........................ 1.000.................. 1.000................. 1.000 1.000 Cadmium........................ 1.138672-[(ln hardness) 1.101672-[(ln 0.994 0.994 (0.041838)] hardness) (0.041838)] Chromium III................... 0.316.................. 0.860 Chromium VI.................... 0.982.................. 0.962................. 0.993 0.993 Copper......................... 0.960.................. 0.960................. 0.83 0.83 Lead........................... 1.46203-[(ln hardness) 1.46203-[(ln hardness) 0.951 0.951 (0.145712)] (0.145712)] Mercury........................ 0.85................... 0.85.................. 0.85 0.85 Nickel......................... 0.998.................. 0.997................. 0.990 0.990 Selenium....................... ....................... ...................... 0.998 0.998 Silver......................... 0.85................... ...................... 0.85 Zinc........................... 0.978.................. 0.986................. 0.946 0.946 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Appendix B--Parameters for Calculating Freshwater Dissolved Metals Criteria That Are Hardness-Dependent

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Freshwater conversion factors (CF) Chemical mA bA mC bC ------------------------------------------------------- Acute Chronic -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cadmium................................. 1.128 -3.6867 0.7852 -2.715 1.136672-[ln 1.101672-[ln (hardness)(0.041838)] (hardness)(0.041838)] Chromium III............................ 0.8190 3.7256 0.8190 0.6848 0.316..................... 0.860 Copper.................................. 0.9422 -1.700 0.8545 -1.702 0.960..................... 0.960 Lead.................................... 1.273 -1.460 1.273 -4.705 1.46203-[ln 1.46203-[ln (hardness)(0.145712)] (hardness)(0.145712)] Nickel.................................. 0.8460 2.255 0.8460 0.0584 0.998..................... 0.997 Silver.................................. 1.72 -6.52 ............ ............ 0.85 Zinc.................................... 0.8473 0.884 0.8473 0.884 0.978..................... 0.986 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Appendix C--Calculation of Freshwater Ammonia Criterion

1. The one-hour average concentration of total ammonia nitrogen (in mg N/L) does not exceed, more than once every three years on the average, the CMC calculated using the following equation: [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TN10DE98.009

In situations where salmonids do not occur, the CMC may be calculated using the following equation: [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TN10DE98.010

2. The thirty-day average concentration of total ammonia nitrogen (in mg N/L) does not exceed, more than once every three years on the average, the CCC calculated using the following equation:

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TN10DE98.011

Editorial Note: FR Doc. 98-30272 was originally published as Part IV (63 FR 67548-67558) in the issue of Monday, December 7, 1998. At the request of the agency, due to incorrect footnote identifiers in the tables, the corrected document is being republished in its entirety. [FR Doc. 98-30272 Filed 12-4-98; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 1505-01-D