80 FR 23054 - Copyright Protection for Certain Visual Works
LIBRARY OF CONGRESS
U.S. Copyright Office Federal Register Volume 80, Issue 79 (April 24, 2015)
U.S. Copyright Office
Federal Register Volume 80, Issue 79 (April 24, 2015)
| Page Range | 23054-23056 | |
| FR Document | 2015-09575 |
[Federal Register Volume 80, Number 79 (Friday, April 24, 2015)] [Notices] [Pages 23054-23056] From the Federal Register Online [www.thefederalregister.org] [FR Doc No: 2015-09575] ======================================================================= ----------------------------------------------------------------------- LIBRARY OF CONGRESS U.S. Copyright Office [Docket No. 2015-01] Copyright Protection for Certain Visual Works AGENCY: U.S. Copyright Office, Library of Congress. ACTION: Notice of Inquiry. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: The U.S. Copyright Office is reviewing how certain visual works, particularly photographs, graphic artworks, and illustrations, are monetized, enforced, and registered under the Copyright Act. The Office seeks commentary on the current marketplace for these visual works, as well as observations regarding the real or potential obstacles that authors, and, as applicable, their licensees or other representatives face when navigating the digital landscape. This work builds upon previous studies and public inquiries in a number of areas, including small claims, the making available right, resale royalties, registration, recordation, and the interoperability of records. As always, the Office is interested in the perspectives of copyright owners as well as users of these creative works. This is a general inquiry that will likely lead to additional specific inquiries. DATES: Comments are due July 23, 2015. Reply comments are due August 24, 2015. ADDRESSES: All comments should be submitted electronically using the comment submission page on the Office Web site at http://copyright.gov/policy/visualworks/. To meet accessibility standards, submitters must upload comments in a single file not to exceed six (6) megabytes (MB) in one of the following formats: The Adobe Portable Document File (PDF) format that contains searchable, accessible text (not an image); Microsoft Word; WordPerfect; Rich Text Format (RTF); or ASCII text file format (not a scanned document). The form and face of the comments must include the submitter's name and organization (if any). The Office will post all comments publicly on the Office's Web site exactly as they are received, along with names and organizations. If electronic submission of comments is not feasible, please contact the Office at 202-707-8350 for special instructions. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Catherine Rowland, Senior Advisor to the Register of Copyrights, by telephone at 202-707-8350 or by electronic mail at crowland@loc.gov. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: I. Background The Copyright Act \1\ has long protected photographs, graphic artworks, and illustrations, which encompass a wide range of formats, from fine art pieces to duplications of fine art to media photographs to political cartoons and images created to enhance or sell popular products or services. Whether these works are created by one's own hand or using a computer program, significant creative talent is frequently involved. The types of authorship also vary greatly. Some authors are professionals who spend many years creating unique portfolios for the sake of art or for commercial customers, and who publish and license their works with the expectation that they will be properly attributed and compensated. Others are amateurs or hobbyists who create or disseminate images on an informal basis using mobile phones and other consumer devices as well as social media. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ 17 U.S.C. 101 et seq. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Photographs, graphic artworks, and illustrations have had a broad impact on U.S. culture. Few would question the [[Page 23055]] iconic importance of photographs like Dorothea Lange's ``Migrant Mother,'' which epitomize eras of American history. Photographs that document current events often provide gripping images that illuminate critically important news of the day. For example, the remarkable image of firefighters raising an American flag amidst the wreckage of the World Trade Center provides an intense connection to the events of September 11, 2001, and is, in fact, the subject of recent litigation. Media art such as political cartoons provide commentary as well as entertainment; graphic art is everywhere in popular culture and on products; and professional illustrations such as those depicting medical instruction are crucial to educational texts. In short, images are ubiquitous and essential to life in the twenty-first century. Despite the protections afforded by the Copyright Act and the prevalence of such works in society, authors face significant challenges in the modern era. Photographers note that ``the average revenues for working photographers declined over the past year . . . [and] visual artists remain the group most vulnerable to the unauthorized uses of their works while being the group least financially able to bear the resulting economic losses.'' \2\ An illustrator recounts that ``[i]t has been a constant battle to educate the good faith persons who have used my art [in an] unauthorized [manner] because they found the works in media where pirates had deliberately deleted my copyright watermark and published my images illegally.'' \3\ Finally, the Graphic Artists Guild explains that ``50 percent of the people who are infringing are not responding before any legal action is taken. They are not responding to the rights holder or their attorney who asks them to stop, to cease and desist, or ask for money.'' \4\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \2\ Comments of American Society of Media Photographers in Response to U.S. Copyright Office's Oct. 22, 2012 Notice of Inquiry on Orphan Works and Mass Digitization (``Orphan Works NOI''), at 3 (Feb. 4, 2013). \3\ Comments of Gerrity Medical Art in Response to Orphan Works NOI, at 1 (Feb. 4, 2013). \4\ U.S. Copyright Office Hearing on Small Copyright Claims, Tr. at 266:17-21 (Nov. 16, 2012) (Lisa Shaftel, Graphic Artists Guild), available at http://copyright.gov/docs/smallclaims/transcripts/. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Regarding monetization, in the online era, many individuals and companies seek to use photographs and other illustrations to further their businesses. Some of these users license images from the authors or their representatives, e.g., stock photography companies. However, many authors are likely missing opportunities to monetize their works. These difficulties may be heightened when photographs, graphic artworks, and illustrations are embedded into other works that are the subject of licenses between third parties. Many of these works ``are particularly vulnerable to orphaning'' \5\ because the identity of the rights holder often is not included on the face of a work. In the digital world, some authors embed copyright information in their works, but this rights management information may be unlawfully stripped from digital copies.\6\ This, in turn, makes it very difficult for potential users to contact the copyright owner to obtain a license to use visual works they may find (i.e., on Web sites), and thus decreases artists' opportunities to monetize their works. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \5\ Comments of Association of Medical Illustrators in Response to Orphan Works NOI, at 1 (Feb. 4, 2013). \6\ This removal of rights information may violate Section 1202 of the Copyright Act but is difficult to police. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- The significant enforcement challenges also pose substantial difficulties. For example, ``[p]urloining of [photographs], whether produced for use by multi-national corporations for advertising purposes, use on apparel, product packaging or reportage, has become routine.'' \7\ Authors have found that ``[c]opyright infringement is rampant, especially by copying of digital works and the scanning [of] visual works into digital format.'' \8\ Accessing a photograph, graphic artwork, or illustration online is generally simple and images can frequently be copied or downloaded with ease, thus making it effortless for third parties to use images without permission. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \7\ Comments of American Photographic Artists in Response to U.S. Copyright Office's Oct. 17, 2012 Notice of Inquiry on Remedies for Small Copyright Claims (``Small Claims NOI''), at 3 (Jan. 17, 2012). \8\ Comments of Graphic Artists Guild in Response to Small Claims NOI, at 3 (Jan. 16, 2012). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Authors and licensees who try to pursue infringements may face an uphill battle. Litigation can be costly and expensive, and while the monetary harm of an individual infringement may be low, the impact of numerous infringements can be quite high. Similar issue are at play with the Copyright Act's notice and takedown procedures, which, while a valuable mechanism, can provide an incomplete or challenging solution for small authors. The Copyright Office has been concerned for some time about these and related issues. For example, in recent years, the Office studied and proposed the possibility of an alternative dispute resolution process for copyright claims that have a low economic value,\9\ the possibility of a resale royalty for certain visual art works,\10\ and the importance of the making available right in the online environment.\11\ The Office has also looked extensively at the problem of orphaned photographs and artworks, and how best to facilitate an exchange between a good faith user and a rightful owner. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \9\ See http://copyright.gov/docs/smallclaims/. \10\ See http://copyright.gov/docs/resaleroyalty/. \11\ See http://copyright.gov/docs/making_available/. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Aside from legal solutions, the Copyright Office is mindful of emerging practical solutions. Through an academic partnership with Stanford Law School, the Office has focused its attention on the subject of photographs and licensing gridlock. Stanford's students are exploring ways to centrally assemble information concerning marketplace resources for the licensing of photographs and the data standards relied upon by copyright owners and licensees to engage in such transactions. This project will not only serve creators and their customers, but will also help to inform the Copyright Office as it further adopts or, as necessary, establishes, global identifying information for copyright registration and recorded transactions. Across the sea, the United Kingdom's Copyright Hub is working on a prototype for transactions involving photographs as its first major project. And the Internet Task Force of the Department of Commerce recently explored photography questions as part of a broader public meeting hosted by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office about facilitating the online licensing environment.\12\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \12\ See U.S. Dep't of Commerce Internet Policy Task Force, Facilitating the Development of the Online Licensing Environment for Copyrighted Works, Apr. 1, 2015 Agenda, available at http://www.uspto.gov/learning-and-resources/ip-policy/copyrights; see also U.S. Dep't of Commerce Internet Policy Task Force, Copyright Policy, Creativity, and Innovation in the Digital Economy (2013) (the ``Green Paper''). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Finally, photographers, graphic artists, and illustrators face challenges when registering their copyrights. Many photographers, for example, are prolific, creating thousands of works per year or even per week or month. Because it can be expensive to register these works on an individual basis, the Copyright Office has provided certain group alternatives. At the same time, the Office also must provide an effective public record that includes sufficient detail regarding who has created what. Statutory damages are available against a user when an author has timely registered a work, and thus the granularity of the record is critical. [[Page 23056]] For this reason, while group options are helpful, they have to be carefully calibrated. How to improve the registration record by leveraging technology solutions is thus a priority. II. Subjects of Inquiry The Office invites comments that address the subjects listed below. When submitting a comment, please identify the nature of your interest in this subject (e.g., whether you are a creator, licensee, etc.): 1. What are the most significant challenges related to monetizing and/or licensing photographs, graphic artworks, and/or illustrations? 2. What are the most significant enforcement challenges for photographers, graphic artists, and/or illustrators? 3. What are the most significant registration challenges for photographers, graphic artists, and/or illustrators? 4. What are the most significant challenges or frustrations for those who wish to make legal use of photographs, graphic art works, and/or illustrations? 5. What other issues or challenges should the Office be aware of regarding photographs, graphic artworks, and/or illustrations under the Copyright Act? III. Conclusion If there are any additional pertinent issues not discussed above, the Office encourages interested parties to raise those matters in their comments. Dated: April 21, 2015. Catherine R. Rowland, Senior Advisor to the Register of Copyrights. [FR Doc. 2015-09575 Filed 4-23-15; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 1410-30-P
![23054 Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 79 / Friday, April 24, 2015 / Notices
States Courts, Thurgood Marshall application submissions and review; perspectives of copyright owners as well
Federal Judiciary Building, One outreach efforts; and to vote on the as users of these creative works. This is
Columbus Circle NE., Suite 7–240, position of Board Chairperson. a general inquiry that will likely lead to
Washington, DC 20544, Telephone (202) This meeting/conference call is open additional specific inquiries.
502–1820. to the public at the offices of the Bureau DATES: Comments are due July 23, 2015.
Dated: April 21, 2015. of Justice Assistance. For security Reply comments are due August 24,
Rebecca A. Womeldorf,
purposes, members of the public who 2015.
wish to participate must register at least ADDRESSES: All comments should be
Secretary, Committee on Rules of Practice
and Procedure.
seven (7) days in advance of the submitted electronically using the
meeting/conference call by contacting comment submission page on the Office
[FR Doc. 2015–09579 Filed 4–23–15; 8:45 am]
Mr. Joy. All interested participants will Web site at http://copyright.gov/policy/
BILLING CODE 2210–55–P
be required to meet at the Bureau of visualworks/. To meet accessibility
Justice Assistance, Office of Justice standards, submitters must upload
Programs; 810 7th Street NW., comments in a single file not to exceed
DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE Washington, DC, and will be required to six (6) megabytes (MB) in one of the
sign in at the front desk. Note: Photo following formats: The Adobe Portable
Office of Justice Programs
identification will be required for Document File (PDF) format that
[OJP (OJP) Docket No. 1688] admission. Additional identification contains searchable, accessible text (not
documents may be required. an image); Microsoft Word;
Meeting of the Public Safety Officer Access to the meeting/conference call
Medal of Valor Review Board WordPerfect; Rich Text Format (RTF); or
will not be allowed without prior ASCII text file format (not a scanned
AGENCY: Bureau of Justice Assistance registration. Anyone requiring special document). The form and face of the
(BJA), Office of Justice Programs (OJP), accommodations should contact Mr. Joy comments must include the submitter’s
DOJ. at least seven (7) days in advance of the name and organization (if any). The
meeting. Please submit any comments Office will post all comments publicly
ACTION: Notice of meeting.
or written statements for consideration on the Office’s Web site exactly as they
SUMMARY: This is an announcement of a by the Review Board in writing at least are received, along with names and
meeting (via conference call-in only) of seven (7) days in advance of the meeting organizations. If electronic submission
the Public Safety Officer Medal of Valor date. of comments is not feasible, please
Review Board to consider a range of Gregory Joy, contact the Office at 202–707–8350 for
issues of importance to the Board, to Policy Advisor/Designated Federal Officer, special instructions.
include but not limited to: membership/ Bureau of Justice Assistance. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
terms; applicant eligibility; the pending [FR Doc. 2015–09529 Filed 4–23–15; 8:45 am] Catherine Rowland, Senior Advisor to
2013–2014 MOV recommendations; the BILLING CODE 4410–18–P the Register of Copyrights, by telephone
application submissions and review; at 202–707–8350 or by electronic mail at
outreach efforts; and to vote on the crowland@loc.gov.
position of Board Chairperson. The SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
LIBRARY OF CONGRESS
meeting/conference call date and time is
listed below. I. Background
U.S. Copyright Office
DATES: June 18, 2015, 2:00 p.m. to 3:00 The Copyright Act 1 has long
[Docket No. 2015–01] protected photographs, graphic
p.m. EST.
ADDRESSES: This meeting will take place Copyright Protection for Certain Visual artworks, and illustrations, which
via conference call. Works encompass a wide range of formats,
from fine art pieces to duplications of
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
AGENCY: U.S. Copyright Office, Library fine art to media photographs to
Gregory Joy, Policy Advisor, Bureau of
of Congress. political cartoons and images created to
Justice Assistance, Office of Justice
ACTION: Notice of Inquiry. enhance or sell popular products or
Programs, 810 7th Street NW.,
services. Whether these works are
Washington, DC 20531, by telephone at SUMMARY: The U.S. Copyright Office is created by one’s own hand or using a
(202) 514–1369, toll free (866) 859– reviewing how certain visual works, computer program, significant creative
2687, or by email at Gregory.joy@ particularly photographs, graphic talent is frequently involved. The types
usdoj.gov. artworks, and illustrations, are of authorship also vary greatly. Some
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The monetized, enforced, and registered authors are professionals who spend
Public Safety Officer Medal of Valor under the Copyright Act. The Office many years creating unique portfolios
Review Board carries out those advisory seeks commentary on the current for the sake of art or for commercial
functions specified in 42 U.S.C. 15202. marketplace for these visual works, as customers, and who publish and license
Pursuant to 42 U.S.C. 15201, the well as observations regarding the real their works with the expectation that
President of the United States is or potential obstacles that authors, and, they will be properly attributed and
authorized to award the Public Safety as applicable, their licensees or other compensated. Others are amateurs or
Officer Medal of Valor, the highest representatives face when navigating the hobbyists who create or disseminate
national award for valor by a public digital landscape. This work builds images on an informal basis using
tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with NOTICES
safety officer. upon previous studies and public mobile phones and other consumer
The purpose of this meeting/ inquiries in a number of areas, devices as well as social media.
conference call is to consider a range of including small claims, the making Photographs, graphic artworks, and
issues of importance to the Board, to available right, resale royalties, illustrations have had a broad impact on
include but not limited to: Membership/ registration, recordation, and the U.S. culture. Few would question the
terms; applicant eligibility; the pending interoperability of records. As always,
2013–2014 MOV recommendations; the the Office is interested in the 1 17 U.S.C. 101 et seq.
VerDate Sep<11>2014 17:30 Apr 23, 2015 Jkt 235001 PO 00000 Frm 00088 Fmt 4703 Sfmt 4703 E:\FR\FM\24APN1.SGM 24APN1](https://thefederalregister.org/doc/80_FR_23133/page/1.svg)
![Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 79 / Friday, April 24, 2015 / Notices 23055
iconic importance of photographs like when photographs, graphic artworks, economic value,9 the possibility of a
Dorothea Lange’s ‘‘Migrant Mother,’’ and illustrations are embedded into resale royalty for certain visual art
which epitomize eras of American other works that are the subject of works,10 and the importance of the
history. Photographs that document licenses between third parties. making available right in the online
current events often provide gripping Many of these works ‘‘are particularly environment.11 The Office has also
images that illuminate critically vulnerable to orphaning’’ 5 because the looked extensively at the problem of
important news of the day. For example, identity of the rights holder often is not orphaned photographs and artworks,
the remarkable image of firefighters included on the face of a work. In the and how best to facilitate an exchange
raising an American flag amidst the digital world, some authors embed between a good faith user and a rightful
wreckage of the World Trade Center copyright information in their works, owner.
provides an intense connection to the but this rights management information Aside from legal solutions, the
events of September 11, 2001, and is, in may be unlawfully stripped from digital Copyright Office is mindful of emerging
fact, the subject of recent litigation. copies.6 This, in turn, makes it very practical solutions. Through an
Media art such as political cartoons difficult for potential users to contact academic partnership with Stanford
provide commentary as well as the copyright owner to obtain a license Law School, the Office has focused its
entertainment; graphic art is everywhere to use visual works they may find (i.e., attention on the subject of photographs
in popular culture and on products; and on Web sites), and thus decreases and licensing gridlock. Stanford’s
professional illustrations such as those artists’ opportunities to monetize their students are exploring ways to centrally
depicting medical instruction are works. assemble information concerning
crucial to educational texts. In short, The significant enforcement marketplace resources for the licensing
images are ubiquitous and essential to challenges also pose substantial of photographs and the data standards
life in the twenty-first century. difficulties. For example, ‘‘[p]urloining relied upon by copyright owners and
Despite the protections afforded by of [photographs], whether produced for licensees to engage in such transactions.
the Copyright Act and the prevalence of use by multi-national corporations for This project will not only serve creators
such works in society, authors face advertising purposes, use on apparel, and their customers, but will also help
significant challenges in the modern era. product packaging or reportage, has to inform the Copyright Office as it
Photographers note that ‘‘the average become routine.’’ 7 Authors have found further adopts or, as necessary,
revenues for working photographers that ‘‘[c]opyright infringement is establishes, global identifying
declined over the past year . . . [and] rampant, especially by copying of information for copyright registration
visual artists remain the group most digital works and the scanning [of] and recorded transactions. Across the
vulnerable to the unauthorized uses of visual works into digital format.’’ 8 sea, the United Kingdom’s Copyright
their works while being the group least Accessing a photograph, graphic Hub is working on a prototype for
financially able to bear the resulting artwork, or illustration online is transactions involving photographs as
economic losses.’’ 2 An illustrator generally simple and images can its first major project. And the Internet
recounts that ‘‘[i]t has been a constant frequently be copied or downloaded Task Force of the Department of
battle to educate the good faith persons with ease, thus making it effortless for Commerce recently explored
who have used my art [in an] third parties to use images without photography questions as part of a
unauthorized [manner] because they permission. broader public meeting hosted by the
found the works in media where pirates Authors and licensees who try to U.S. Patent and Trademark Office about
had deliberately deleted my copyright facilitating the online licensing
pursue infringements may face an uphill
watermark and published my images environment.12
battle. Litigation can be costly and
illegally.’’ 3 Finally, the Graphic Artists Finally, photographers, graphic
expensive, and while the monetary artists, and illustrators face challenges
Guild explains that ‘‘50 percent of the
harm of an individual infringement may when registering their copyrights. Many
people who are infringing are not
be low, the impact of numerous photographers, for example, are prolific,
responding before any legal action is
infringements can be quite high. Similar creating thousands of works per year or
taken. They are not responding to the
issue are at play with the Copyright even per week or month. Because it can
rights holder or their attorney who asks
Act’s notice and takedown procedures, be expensive to register these works on
them to stop, to cease and desist, or ask
which, while a valuable mechanism, an individual basis, the Copyright Office
for money.’’ 4
Regarding monetization, in the online can provide an incomplete or has provided certain group alternatives.
era, many individuals and companies challenging solution for small authors. At the same time, the Office also must
seek to use photographs and other The Copyright Office has been provide an effective public record that
illustrations to further their businesses. concerned for some time about these includes sufficient detail regarding who
Some of these users license images from and related issues. For example, in has created what. Statutory damages are
the authors or their representatives, e.g., recent years, the Office studied and available against a user when an author
stock photography companies. However, proposed the possibility of an has timely registered a work, and thus
many authors are likely missing alternative dispute resolution process the granularity of the record is critical.
opportunities to monetize their works. for copyright claims that have a low
These difficulties may be heightened 9 See http://copyright.gov/docs/smallclaims/.
5 Comments of Association of Medical Illustrators 10 See http://copyright.gov/docs/resaleroyalty/.
2 Comments of American Society of Media in Response to Orphan Works NOI, at 1 (Feb. 4, 11 See http://copyright.gov/docs/making_
Photographers in Response to U.S. Copyright 2013). available/.
6 This removal of rights information may violate
Office’s Oct. 22, 2012 Notice of Inquiry on Orphan 12 See U.S. Dep’t of Commerce Internet Policy
tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with NOTICES
Works and Mass Digitization (‘‘Orphan Works Section 1202 of the Copyright Act but is difficult Task Force, Facilitating the Development of the
NOI’’), at 3 (Feb. 4, 2013). to police. Online Licensing Environment for Copyrighted
3 Comments of Gerrity Medical Art in Response 7 Comments of American Photographic Artists in
Works, Apr. 1, 2015 Agenda, available at http://
to Orphan Works NOI, at 1 (Feb. 4, 2013). Response to U.S. Copyright Office’s Oct. 17, 2012 www.uspto.gov/learning-and-resources/ip-policy/
4 U.S. Copyright Office Hearing on Small Notice of Inquiry on Remedies for Small Copyright copyrights; see also U.S. Dep’t of Commerce
Copyright Claims, Tr. at 266:17–21 (Nov. 16, 2012) Claims (‘‘Small Claims NOI’’), at 3 (Jan. 17, 2012). Internet Policy Task Force, Copyright Policy,
(Lisa Shaftel, Graphic Artists Guild), available at 8 Comments of Graphic Artists Guild in Response Creativity, and Innovation in the Digital Economy
http://copyright.gov/docs/smallclaims/transcripts/. to Small Claims NOI, at 3 (Jan. 16, 2012). (2013) (the ‘‘Green Paper’’).
VerDate Sep<11>2014 17:30 Apr 23, 2015 Jkt 235001 PO 00000 Frm 00089 Fmt 4703 Sfmt 4703 E:\FR\FM\24APN1.SGM 24APN1](https://thefederalregister.org/doc/80_FR_23133/page/2.svg)
![23056 Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 79 / Friday, April 24, 2015 / Notices
For this reason, while group options are FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: NUCLEAR REGULATORY
helpful, they have to be carefully Gerard Poliquin, Secretary of the Board, COMMISSION
calibrated. How to improve the Telephone: 703–518–6304.
registration record by leveraging [NRC–2015–0001]
technology solutions is thus a priority. Gerard Poliquin,
Secretary of the Board. Sunshine Act Meeting Notice
II. Subjects of Inquiry
[FR Doc. 2015–09726 Filed 4–22–15; 4:15 pm]
The Office invites comments that DATE: April 27, May 4, 11, 18, 25, June
BILLING CODE 7535–01–P
address the subjects listed below. When 1, 2015.
submitting a comment, please identify PLACE: Commissioners’ Conference
the nature of your interest in this subject Room, 11555 Rockville Pike, Rockville,
(e.g., whether you are a creator, licensee, NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION Maryland.
etc.): STATUS: Public and Closed.
1. What are the most significant Sunshine Act Meetings; National
challenges related to monetizing and/or Week of April 27, 2015
Science Board
licensing photographs, graphic Thursday, April 30, 2105
artworks, and/or illustrations? The National Science Board’s
2. What are the most significant 9:00 a.m. Briefing on the Status of
Committee on Strategy and Budget, Lessons Learned from the
enforcement challenges for
Subcommittee on Facilities (SCF), Fukushima Dai-ichi Accident
photographers, graphic artists, and/or
illustrators? pursuant to NSF regulations (45 CFR (Public Meeting); (Contact: Jack
3. What are the most significant part 614), the National Science Davis, 301—415–2239)
registration challenges for Foundation Act, as amended (42 U.S.C. This meeting will be webcast live at
photographers, graphic artists, and/or 1862n–5), and the Government in the the Web address—http://www.nrc.gov/.
illustrators? Sunshine Act (5 U.S.C. 552b), hereby
4. What are the most significant gives notice of the scheduling of a Week of May 4, 2015—Tentative
challenges or frustrations for those who teleconference for the transaction of There are no meetings scheduled for
wish to make legal use of photographs, National Science Board business, as the week of May 4, 2015.
graphic art works, and/or illustrations? follows:
5. What other issues or challenges Week of May 11, 2015—Tentative
should the Office be aware of regarding DATE & TIME: Thursday, April 30, 2015 There are no meetings scheduled for
photographs, graphic artworks, and/or at 5:00 to 6:00 p.m. EDT. Open session: the week of May 11, 2015.
illustrations under the Copyright Act? 5:00 to 5:40 p.m.; closed session: 5:40 to
6:00 p.m. Week of May 18, 2015—Tentative
III. Conclusion
SUBJECT MATTER: Open meeting subjects: Tuesday, May 19, 2015
If there are any additional pertinent
issues not discussed above, the Office Chairman’s remarks; subcommittee 9:00 a.m. Briefing on Cumulative
encourages interested parties to raise member goals for May 2015 through Effects of Regulation and Risk
those matters in their comments. May 2016; future directions for the Prioritization Initiatives (Public
subcommittee. Closed meeting subjects: Meeting); (Contact: Steve Ruffin,
Dated: April 21, 2015.
approval of closed minutes of February 301- 415–1985)
Catherine R. Rowland,
2015 subcommittee meeting; discussion This meeting will be webcast live at
Senior Advisor to the Register of Copyrights.
of regional class research vessels. the Web address—http://www.nrc.gov/.
[FR Doc. 2015–09575 Filed 4–23–15; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 1410–30–P STATUS: Partly open, partly closed. Thursday, May 21, 2015
This meeting will be held by 9:00 a.m. Briefing on the Results of the
teleconference. A public listening line Agency Action Review Meeting
NATIONAL CREDIT UNION will be available for the open portion of (Public Meeting); (Contact: Nathan
ADMINISTRATION the meeting. Members of the public Sanfilippo, 301–415–8744)
must contact the Board Office [call 703– This meeting will be webcast live at
Sunshine Act: Notice Of Agency
292–7000 or send an email message to the Web address—http://www.nrc.gov/.
Meeting
nationalsciencebrd@nsf.gov] at least 24
hours prior to the teleconference for the Week of May 25, 2015—Tentative
TIME AND DATE: 2:30 p.m., Wednesday,
April 29, 2015 public listening number. Please refer to There are no meetings scheduled for
PLACE: Board Room, 7th Floor, Room the National Science Board Web site for the week of May 25, 2015.
7047, 1775 Duke Street, Alexandria, VA additional information and schedule Week of June 1, 2015—Tentative
22314–3428. updates (time, place, subject matter or
status of meeting) which may be found There are no meetings scheduled for
STATUS: Closed.
at http://www.nsf.gov/nsb/notices/. The the week of June 1, 2015
MATTERS TO BE CONSIDERED:
1. Administrative Action under point of contact for this meeting is Elise * * * * *
NCUA’s Rules and Regulations. Closed Lipkowitz, elipkowi@nsf.gov). The schedule for Commission
pursuant to Exemptions (8), (9)(i)(B), meetings is subject to change on short
Ann Bushmiller, notice. For more information or to verify
tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with NOTICES
(9)(ii).
2. Consideration of Supervisory Senior Counsel to the National Science Board. the status of meetings, contact Glenn
Action under NCUA’s Rules and [FR Doc. 2015–09734 Filed 4–22–15; 4:15 pm] Ellmers at 301–415–0442 or via email at
Regulations. Closed pursuant to BILLING CODE 7555–01–P Glenn.Ellmers@nrc.gov.
Exemptions (8), (9)(i)(B), (9)(ii). * * * * *
3. Creditor Claim Appeal. Closed The NRC Commission Meeting
pursuant to Exemption (6). Schedule can be found on the Internet
VerDate Sep<11>2014 17:30 Apr 23, 2015 Jkt 235001 PO 00000 Frm 00090 Fmt 4703 Sfmt 4703 E:\FR\FM\24APN1.SGM 24APN1](https://thefederalregister.org/doc/80_FR_23133/page/3.svg)
Document Created: 2015-12-16 08:43:01
Document Modified: 2015-12-16 08:43:01
| Category | Regulatory Information | |
| Collection | Federal Register | |
| sudoc Class | AE 2.7: GS 4.107: AE 2.106: | |
| Publisher | Office of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Administration | |
| Section | Notices | |
| Action | Notice of Inquiry. | |
| Dates | Comments are due July 23, 2015. Reply comments are due August 24, 2015. | |
| Contact | Catherine Rowland, Senior Advisor to the Register of Copyrights, by telephone at 202-707-8350 or by electronic mail at [email protected] | |
| FR Citation | 80 FR 23054 |
2024 Federal Register | Disclaimer | Privacy Policy
USC | CFR | eCFR