80 FR 26475 - Energy Conservation Program for Certain Industrial Equipment: Energy Conservation Standards for Dedicated-Purpose Pool Pumps; Request for Information

DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY

Federal Register Volume 80, Issue 89 (May 8, 2015)

Page Range		26475-26484
FR Document		2015-11011
The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) is requesting information to inform a potential rulemaking to consider new energy conservation standards for dedicated-purpose pool pumps. Pumps, which are already covered equipment under the Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 1975, as amended (EPCA), come in a variety of forms--including dedicated- purpose pool pumps. This RFI seeks to solicit information to help DOE determine the feasibility of developing energy conservation standards and an appropriate test procedure for this equipment. This RFI outlines the potential scope that could be involved in regulating dedicated- purpose pool pumps, possible industry-based testing methods that could be used to evaluate the efficiency of this equipment, and the types of information that would be needed in analyzing the potential for setting standards for this equipment. This RFI also solicits the public for information to help inform DOE's efforts in evaluating the prospect of regulating this equipment.
Federal Register, Volume 80 Issue 89 (Friday, May 8, 2015)
[Federal Register Volume 80, Number 89 (Friday, May 8, 2015)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 26475-26484]
From the Federal Register Online  [www.thefederalregister.org]
[FR Doc No: 2015-11011]


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DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY

10 CFR Part 431

[Docket Number EERE-2015-BT-STD-0008]
RIN 1904-AD52


Energy Conservation Program for Certain Industrial Equipment: 
Energy Conservation Standards for Dedicated-Purpose Pool Pumps; Request 
for Information

AGENCY: Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Department of 
Energy.

ACTION: Request for information (RFI).

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SUMMARY: The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) is requesting information 
to inform a potential rulemaking to consider new energy conservation 
standards for dedicated-purpose pool pumps. Pumps, which are already 
covered equipment under the Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 1975, 
as amended (EPCA), come in a variety of forms--including dedicated-
purpose pool pumps. This RFI seeks to solicit information to help DOE 
determine the feasibility of developing energy conservation standards 
and an appropriate test procedure for this equipment. This RFI outlines 
the potential scope that could be involved in regulating dedicated-
purpose pool pumps, possible industry-based testing methods that could 
be used to evaluate the efficiency of this equipment, and the types of 
information that would be needed in analyzing the potential for setting 
standards for this equipment. This RFI also solicits the public for 
information to help inform DOE's efforts in evaluating the prospect of 
regulating this equipment.

DATES: Written comments and information are requested on or before June 
22, 2015.

ADDRESSES: Interested persons are encouraged to submit comments using 
the Federal eRulemaking Portal at: http://www.regulations.gov. Follow 
the instructions for submitting comments. Alternatively, interested 
persons may submit comments, identified by Docket number EERE-2015-BT-
STD-0008, by any of the following methods:
    (1) Email: to [email protected]. Include EERE-2015-
BT-STD-0008 in the subject line of the message. Submit electronic 
comments in WordPerfect, Microsoft Word, PDF, or ASCII file format, and 
avoid the use of special characters or any form of encryption.
    (2) Mail: Ms. Brenda Edwards, U.S. Department of Energy, Building 
Technologies Program, Mailstop EE-2J, Revisions to Energy Efficiency 
Enforcement Regulations, EERE-2015-BT-STD-0008, 1000 Independence 
Avenue SW., Washington, DC 20585- 0121. Phone: (202) 586-2945. If 
possible, please submit all items on a CD, in which case it is not 
necessary to include printed copies.
    (3) Hand Delivery/Courier: Ms. Brenda Edwards, U.S. Department of 
Energy, Building Technologies Program, 6th Floor, 950 L'Enfant Plaza 
SW., Washington, DC 20024. Phone: (202) 586-2945. If possible, please 
submit all items on a CD, in which case it is not necessary to include 
printed copies.
    (4) Instructions: All submissions received must include the agency 
name and docket number or RIN for this rulemaking.
    Docket: For access to the docket to read background documents, or 
comments received, go to the Federal eRulemaking Portal at http://www.regulations.gov.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Requests for additional information 
may be sent to Mr. John Cymbalsky, U.S. Department of Energy, Office of 
Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Building Technologies Program, 
EE-2J, 1000 Independence Avenue SW., Washington, DC 20585-0121. 
Telephone: (202) 586-7935. Email: [email protected].
    Mr. Michael Kido, U.S. Department of Energy, Office of the General 
Counsel, GC-33, 1000 Independence Avenue SW., Washington, DC 20585-
0121. Telephone: (202) 586-8145. Email: [email protected].
    For information on how to submit or review public comments, contact 
Ms. Brenda Edwards, U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy 
Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Building Technologies Program, 
Mailstop EE-2J, 1000 Independence Avenue SW., Washington, DC 20585-
0121. Telephone: (202) 586-2945. Email: [email protected].

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

Table of Contents

I. Introduction
    A. Statutory Authority
    B. Background
    C. Regulatory Process
II. Discussion
    A. Review of Existing Regulatory and Voluntary Programs
    1. California Energy Commission
    2. ENERGY STAR
    3. Consortium for Energy Efficiency
    4. Australia and New Zealand
    5. European Union
    B. Scope
    1. Definitions
    2. Phase, Horsepower, and Application
    3. Product Type
    4. Sales Configuration
    C. Test Procedure and Rating Metrics
    D. Data Needs for Rulemaking Analyses
    1. Market and Technology Assessment
    2. Energy Use Analysis
    3. Manufacturer Impact Analysis
III. Public Participation

I. Introduction

A. Statutory Authority

    Title III, Part C \1\ of the Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 
1975 (``EPCA'' or, in context, ``the Act''), Public Law 94-163, (42 
U.S.C. 6311-6317, as codified) established the Energy Conservation 
Program for Certain Industrial Equipment, a program covering certain 
industrial equipment.\2\ ``Pumps'' are listed as a type of covered 
industrial equipment. (42 U.S.C. 6311(1)(A)) Under EPCA, the energy 
conservation program consists essentially of four parts: (1) Testing, 
(2) labeling, (3) Federal energy conservation

[[Page 26476]]

standards, and (4) certification and enforcement procedures.
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    \1\ For editorial reasons, upon codification in the U.S. Code, 
Part C was re-designated Part A-1.
    \2\ All references to EPCA refer to the statute as amended 
through the American Energy Manufacturing Technical Corrections Act 
(AEMTCA), Public Law 112-210 (Dec. 18, 2012).
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    While pumps are treated as a type of covered equipment, EPCA does 
not define what a pump is. To address this issue, DOE recently 
published a notice of proposed rulemaking (``NOPR'') that would 
establish definitions and test procedures for pumps. That proposal 
(hereafter ``the pumps test procedure NOPR''), proposed to define 
dedicated-purpose pool pumps to be a category of pump. 80 FR 17586, 
17641 (April 1, 2015).

B. Background

    Currently, no Federal energy conservation standards exist for any 
types of pumps, including dedicated-purpose pool pumps (i.e. ``pool 
pumps''). DOE excluded this category of pumps from its recent efforts 
to develop consensus-based energy conservation standards and an 
appropriate test procedure for pumps. See 80 FR 17826 (April 2, 2015) 
(proposing consensus-based energy conservation standards for pumps) and 
80 FR 17586 (April 1, 2015) (proposing test procedures for certain 
categories of pumps). Those efforts, which were the product of a pumps 
working group (``working group'') that had been created through the 
Appliance Standards Rulemaking Federal Advisory Committee (``ASRAC''), 
examined a variety of categories of pumps. While pool pumps were one of 
the pump categories that were actively considered during the working 
group's discussions to regulate pump energy consumption, the working 
group ultimately recommended that DOE initiate a separate rulemaking to 
address this category of pumps. (Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-NOC-0039, No. 
0092 at p. 2) Consistent with that recommendation, DOE is issuing this 
request for information (``RFI'') to examine the feasibility of 
establishing standards for pool pumps. The working group's 
recommendations and related documentation are contained in Docket No. 
EERE-2013-BT-NOC-0039, which is available at http://www.regulations.gov.

C. Regulatory Process

    Prior to issuing a proposed rulemaking to establish energy 
conservation standards for a given type of product or equipment, DOE 
typically issues a Framework document, in which DOE describes the 
issues, analyses, and process that it is considering for the 
development of energy conservation standards. After receiving comment 
on the Framework document, DOE typically prepares a preliminary 
analysis and associated preliminary Technical Support Document 
(``TSD''). The preliminary analysis provides interested parties with an 
initial draft of potential energy conservation standard levels that DOE 
may consider along with their potential impacts on consumers, 
manufacturers, and the nation.
    Following these steps, DOE would publish a NOPR to propose a new or 
amended conservation standard. As with the prior steps outlined above, 
DOE would afford interested parties an opportunity to provide oral and 
written comment on the proposal. See generally 42 U.S.C. 6295(p) and 
6316(a). The NOPR presents DOE's proposed energy conservation standard 
levels and a summary of both the burdens and benefits of the proposed 
standards, pursuant to 42 U.S.C. 6295(o)(2)(B)(i) and 6313(a). The 
details of DOE's standards analysis are provided in an accompanying 
TSD. After receiving and considering comments on the NOPR, DOE may 
issue a final rule that would prescribe new energy conservation 
standards. The analysis of any final standards would also be contained 
in a TSD accompanying the final rule.
    In a test procedure rulemaking, DOE prepares a NOPR and provides 
interested parties an opportunity to present oral and written comments, 
data, information, views and arguments with respect to such test 
procedure. (42 U.S.C. 6314(b)) DOE takes into account relevant 
information and comments submitted by interested parties and will adopt 
any new test procedures, including relevant sampling provisions and 
rating information, in a test procedure final rule.
    With respect to the dedicated-purpose pool pumps at issue, DOE is 
considering, but has not yet decided, to use an alternative rulemaking 
approach to the one described above. In particular, DOE is considering 
pursuing a negotiated rulemaking. In DOE's experience, a negotiated 
rulemaking can be an efficient and effective mechanism for establishing 
test procedures and energy conservation standards for commercial 
equipment, especially for equipment that has not previously been 
subject to Federal standards. Using this approach, DOE would engage in 
discussions with interested parties (in lieu of the Framework document 
and preliminary analysis stages) to help frame and develop the 
specifics of the NOPR, which would be subject to public comment prior 
to the issuance of a final rule.
    Issue 1: DOE requests feedback on whether a negotiated rulemaking 
would be an appropriate mechanism to pursue energy conservation 
standards and test procedures for dedicated-purpose pool pumps. If 
commenters believe a negotiated rulemaking should be pursued for 
dedicated-purpose pool pumps, DOE requests suggestions from interested 
parties regarding persons or entities that might be interested in 
taking part in such a negotiation, including efficiency advocates, 
manufacturers, customers, utility representatives, and any other 
interested parties.
    Should DOE decide to initiate a rulemaking to explore new energy 
conservation standards for dedicated-purpose pool pumps, DOE is 
required to follow certain statutory criteria. EPCA requires that any 
new or amended energy conservation standard be designed to achieve the 
maximum improvement in energy efficiency that is technologically 
feasible and economically justified. (42 U.S.C. 6295(o)(2)(A) and 
6316(a)) To determine whether a standard is economically justified, DOE 
must determine whether the benefits of the standard exceed its burdens 
by considering, to the greatest extent practicable, seven factors. (42 
U.S.C. 6295(o)(2)(B)(i) and 6316(a)) These factors, as well as the 
series of analyses DOE conducts to fulfill these requirements, are 
shown in Table I.1

     Table I.1--Energy Policy and Conservation Act Requirements and
               Corresponding Department of Energy Analyses
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            EPCA requirement                Corresponding DOE analyses
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Technological Feasibility..............   Market and Technology
                                          Assessment.
                                          Screening Analysis.
                                          Engineering Analysis.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

[[Page 26477]]

 
                   Economic Justification (7 Factors)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. Economic impact on manufacturers and   Manufacturer Impact
 consumers.                               Analysis.
                                          Life-Cycle Cost and
                                          Payback Period Analysis.
                                          Life-Cycle Cost
                                          Subgroup Analysis.
                                          Shipments Analysis.
2. Lifetime operating cost savings        Markups for Product
 compared to increased cost for the       Price Determination.
 product.                                 Energy Use
                                          Determination.
                                          Life-Cycle Cost and
                                          Payback Period Analysis.
3. Total projected energy savings......   Shipments Analysis.
                                          National Impact
                                          Analysis.
4. Impact on utility or performance....   Screening Analysis.
                                          Engineering Analysis.
5. Impact of any lessening of             Manufacturer Impact
 competition.                             Analysis.
6. Need for national energy               Shipments Analysis.
 conservation.
                                          National Impact
                                          Analysis.
                                          Emissions Analysis.
                                          Utility Impact
                                          Analysis.
                                          Monetization of
                                          Emission Reductions Benefits.
7. Other factors the Secretary           These factors are rulemaking-
 considers relevant.                      specific.
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II. Discussion

A. Review of Existing Regulatory and Voluntary Programs

    DOE reviewed several existing and proposed regulatory and voluntary 
energy conservation programs for pool pumps. These programs are 
described below.
1. California Energy Commission
    The California Energy Commission (CEC) first issued standards for 
residential pool pumps under the California Code of Regulations 
2006.\3\ See Cal. Code Regs., tit. 20, Sec.  1601-1608 (2013). The CEC 
standards were subsequently adopted by a number of other States.\4\ The 
CEC's regulations cover all residential pool pump and motor 
combinations, replacement residential pool pump motors, and portable 
electric spas.
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    \3\ California Energy Commission. ``Appliance Efficiency 
Regulations.'' December 2006. CEC-400-2006-002-REV2. Available at: 
http://www.energy.ca.gov/2006publications/CEC-400-2006-002/CEC-400-2006-002-REV2.PDF.
    \4\ See, e.g. Ariz. Rev. Stat. Sec.  44-1375 (2015); Conn. 
Agencies Regs. Sec.  16a-48.4 (2015); Fla. Stat. Ann. Sec.  533.909 
(2015); and Wash. Rev. Code Ann. Sec.  19.260.040 (2015).
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    The CEC's current standard has prescriptive design requirements 
instead of performance based regulations for residential pool pump and 
motor combinations. See Cal. Code Regs., tit. 20, Sec.  1605.3, subd. 
(g)(5). The CEC defines ``residential pool pump and motor combination'' 
as a residential pool pump motor coupled to a residential pool pump. 
``Residential pool pump'' is defined as an impeller attached to a motor 
that is used to circulate and filter pool water in order to maintain 
clarity and sanitation. ``Residential pool pump motor'' refers to a 
motor that is used as a replacement residential pool pump motor or as 
part of a residential pool pump and motor combination. (Motors used in 
these applications are electrically-driven.) The CEC imposes a design 
standard that prohibits the use of split phase start \5\ and capacitor 
start--induction run \6\ motor designs in residential pool pump motors 
manufactured on or after January 1, 2006. (Id. Sec.  1605.3, subd. 
(g)(5)(A)) The CEC also requires that residential pool pump motors with 
a motor capacity \7\ of 1 horsepower (hp) or greater manufactured on or 
after January 1, 2010, have the capability of operating at two or more 
speeds. The ``low'' speed must have a rotation rate that is no more 
than one-half of the motor's maximum rotation rate, and must be 
operated with an applicable multi-speed pump control. (Id. Sec.  
1605.3, subd. (g)(5)(B))
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    \5\ Defined as: A motor that employs a main winding with a 
starting winding to start the motor. After the motor has attained 
approximately 75 percent of rated speed, the starting winding is 
automatically disconnected by means of a centrifugal switch or by a 
relay. Cal. Code Regs., tit. 20, Sec.  1602, subd. (g).
    \6\ Defined as: A motor that uses a capacitor via the starting 
winding to start an induction motor, where the capacitor is switched 
out by a centrifugal switch once the motor is up to speed. Cal. Code 
Regs., tit. 20, Sec.  1602, subd. (g).
    \7\ Defined as a value equal to the product of motor's nameplate 
hp and service factor and also referred to a ``total hp,'' where 
``service factor (of an AC motor)'' means a multiplier which, when 
applied to the rated hp, indicates a permissible hp loading which 
can be carried under the conditions specified for the service 
factor. Cal. Code Regs., tit. 20, Sec.  1602, subd. (g).
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    The CEC also prescribes design requirements for pump controls. Pump 
motor controls that are manufactured on or after January 1, 2008, and 
are sold for use with a pump that has two or more speeds are required 
to be capable of operating the pool pump at a minimum of two speeds. 
The default circulation speed setting shall be no more than one-half of 
the motor's maximum rotation rate, and high speed overrides should be 
temporary and not for a period exceeding 24 hours. (Id. Sec.  1605.3, 
subd. (g)(5)(B)) \8\
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    \8\ California Energy Commission, 2014 Appliance Efficiency 
Regulations, available at http://www.energy.ca.gov/2014publications/CEC-400-2014-009/CEC-400-2014-009-CMF.pdf.
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    In addition to these prescriptive design requirements, the CEC also 
requires manufacturers of residential pool pump and motor combinations 
and manufacturers of replacement residential pool pump motors \9\ to 
report certain data regarding the characteristics of their certified 
equipment. This includes information necessary to verify compliance 
with the requirements of Sec.  1605.3(g)(5), as well as the tested flow 
and input power of the equipment at several specific load points. 
Manufacturers must also submit the pool pump and motor combinations' 
Energy Factor (EF) in gallons per Watt-hour (gal/Wh) when tested in 
accordance with the specified test procedure for residential pool 
pumps. See Cal. Code Regs., tit. 20, Sec.  1604(g)(3)

[[Page 26478]]

(see section II.C below for more information).
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    \9\ Defined as a replacement motor intended to be coupled to an 
existing residential pool pump that is used to circulate and filter 
pool water in order to maintain clarity and sanitation. Cal. Code 
Regs., tit. 20, Sec.  1602, subd. (g).
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    DOE understands that the CEC is considering revising its pool pump 
regulations. A recent report by the CEC, ``Analysis of Standards 
Proposal for Residential Swimming Pool and Portable Spa Equipment,'' 
\10\ considers updated regulations for all single-phase dedicated-
purpose pool pump motors under 5 total hp (THP).\11\ This report 
recommends that pool pump motors be covered regardless of whether they 
are sold with a new pump, or sold as replacement for use with an 
existing pump wet-end. The report also recommends regulating pool pump 
motors regardless of whether it is used in an application that requires 
filtration. Additionally, the report recommends that the CEC move to 
performance based standards, rather than prescriptive design 
requirements.
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    \10\ Analysis of Standards Proposal for Presidential Swimming 
Pool and Portable Spa Equipment, California Energy Commission. 
Available at http://www.energy.ca.gov/appliances/2013rulemaking/documents/proposals/12-AAER-2F_Residential_Pool_Pumps_and_Replacement_Motors/California_IOUs_Response_to_the_Invitation_to_Submit_Proposals_for_Pool_and_Spas_2013-07-29_TN-71756.pdf.
    \11\ Total hp is the product of motor service factor and motor 
nameplate (rated) hp.
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2. ENERGY STAR

    The ENERGY STAR[supreg] \12\ specifications for pool pumps \13\ 
provide criteria for how a product can earn the ENERGY STAR label. The 
specification is applicable to single-phase residential inground pool 
pumps that are single-speed, multi-speed, variable-speed, or variable-
flow, and have a hp rating of between >0.5 and <=4 THP. ENERGY STAR 
defines a residential inground pool pump as a primary filter pump 
intended for installation with a permanently installed Residential 
Inground Swimming Pool with dimensions as defined in American National 
Standards Institute (ANSI)/National Spa and Pool Institute (NSPI)-5 
(ANSI/NSPI-5 2003), ``Standard for Residential Inground Swimming 
Pools.'' Further, ENERGY STAR specifically excludes residential above 
ground pool pumps,\14\ residential auxiliary pool pumps,\15\ and 
residential portable spa pumps \16\ from ENERGY STAR certification.
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    \12\ ENERGY STAR is a joint program of the U.S. Environmental 
Protection Agency and DOE that establishes a voluntary rating, 
certification, and labeling program for highly energy efficient 
consumer products and commercial equipment. Information on the 
program is available at www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=home.index.
    \13\ U.S. EPA. ``ENERGY STAR[supreg] Program Requirements for 
Pool Pumps Version 1.0''. Available at http://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/specs//private/ENERGY%20STAR%20Pool%20Pump%20Version%201%200%20Program%20Requirements%202-15-2013.pdf.
    \14\ Defined as a primary filter pump intended for installation 
with a permanently installed Residential Aboveground/Onground 
Swimming Pool as defined in ANSI/APSP- 4 2007, ``Standard for 
Aboveground/Onground Residential Swimming Pools.''
    \15\ Defined as a pump intended for purposes other than a 
primary pool filter pump, i.e. such as a pool cleaner booster pump 
or water feature pumps.
    \16\ Defined as a pump intended for installation with a non-
permanently installed residential spa as defined in ANSI/NSPI-6 
(ANSI/NSPI-6 1999), ``Standard for Portable Spas.'' Sometimes 
referred to as a hot tub pump, but not a jetted bathtub pump.
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    The ENERGY STAR specifications for residential pool pumps establish 
a required EF for the equipment. EF is defined as the volume of water 
pumped in gallons, divided by the electrical energy consumed by the 
pump motor while pumping that water. The EF rating is established 
separately for single-speed and multi-speed pumps, as shown in Table 
II.1.

  Table II.1--Pool Pump Energy Factor Criteria at Pool Pump Performance
                                Curve A *
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                             Energy
          Pump sub-type              Speed setting     efficiency  level
                                                            (gal/Wh)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Single-speed pump...............  Single-Speed.......  EF >=3.80
Multi-speed, Variable-speed and   Most Efficient       EF >=3.80
 Variable-flow pump.               Speed.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
* ENERGY STAR requires that residential inground pool pumps be tested in
  accordance with their Final Test Method, that is established as part
  of the ENERGY specification. The ENERGY STAR Final Test Method defines
  three curves that are applicable to the testing of pool pumps, Curve
  A, B, and C. See http://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/specs//private/ENERGY%20STAR%20Pool%20Pump%20Version%201%200%20Program%20Requirements%202-15-2013.pdf.

    Regarding multi-speed pumps, ENERGY STAR specifically excludes 
multi-speed pumps with manual pump controls that are not sold ready to 
connect to external pump controls. ENERGY STAR also differentiates 
between variable-speed pumps that can operate at continuously variable 
speeds and variable-flow pumps that are equipped with controls that can 
continuously vary speed to control flow.
3. Consortium for Energy Efficiency
    Effective on January 1, 2013, the Consortium for Energy Efficiency 
(CEE) established voluntary testing, rating, and labeling requirements 
to encourage the market penetration of high-efficiency swimming pool 
pumps and pool pump controllers.\17\ CEE's testing and performance 
requirements for pool pumps features two ``tiers'' and are specified in 
terms of EF. These requirements are shown in Table II.2.
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    \17\ Consortium for Energy Efficiency (CEE). ``High Efficiency 
Residential Swimming Pool Initiative: Pool Pump Specification.'' 
January 1, 2013. Available at: http://library.cee1.org/sites/default/files/library/9987/cee_residential_pool_pump_specification_90947.pdf. Consortium for 
Energy Efficiency (CEE). ``High Efficiency Residential Swimming Pool 
Initiative: Pool Pump Control Specification.'' January 1, 2013. 
Available at: http://library.cee1.org/sites/default/files/library/9988/cee_residential_pool_pump_control_specification_29414.pdf.

                                  Table II.2--CEE Tier 1 and 2 EF Requirements
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                    High speed
               Efficiency level                    Lower speed * EF  (gal/Wh)      Low speed **     [dagger] EF
                                                                                   EF  (gal/Wh)      (gal/Wh)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CEE Tier 1....................................  No requirement..................           >=3.8           >=1.6
CEE Tier 2....................................  >=12.0..........................           >=5.5           >=1.7
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Where ``lower speed' is the optimal or most efficient speed for the pool pump, likely ranging from 600 to 1200
  RPM.

[[Page 26479]]

 
** Where ``low speed'' is either the minimum speed for two-speed pumps or half the maximum speed for variable-
  speed pumps, typically 1725 RPM.
[dagger] Where ``high speed'' is the maximum operating speed of the pump, usually 3450 RPM.

    CEE's performance requirements for pool pump controls feature two 
tiers, with similar requirements to those adopted by the CEC. Under the 
CEE program, a pool pump control must:
    (1) have the ability to operate the pool pump at either two (for 
tier 1) or more than two (for tier 2) speeds;
    (2) contain a default filtration speed that is no more than one-
half of the motor's maximum rotation speed; and
    (3) contain a default setting that returns the pool pump to the 
lowest user preset speed within one cycle, or 24 hours.
4. Australia and New Zealand
    The Australia state and territory governments and the New Zealand 
government operate the Energy Rating Labeling Program. The Energy 
Rating program established the voluntary Energy Rating Labeling Program 
for swimming pool pump-units in April 2010.\18\ This program 
establishes testing, labeling, and minimum efficiency requirements for 
swimming pool pumps for suppliers who choose to participate.\19\ The 
program relies on Australian Standard (AS) 5102-2009, ``Performance of 
household electrical appliances--Swimming pool pump--units, Parts 1 and 
2'' (AS 5102-2009) as the basis for the efficiency levels and testing 
requirements for residential pool pumps. The AS 5102-2009 standard:
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    \18\ Summary of the Voluntary Energy Rating Labelling Program 
for Swimming Pool Pump-Units Available at: http://www.energyrating.gov.au/for-industry/regulation-information-for-industry/product-standards/overview/as5102/.
    \19\ Voluntary Energy Rating Labelling Program for Swimming Pool 
Pump-Units: Rules for Participation. Available at: http://www.energyrating.gov.au/wp-content/uploads/2011/02/201002-swimmingpoolpump-labelling1.pdf.
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    (1) Applies to pumps intended to be used in swimming pools and spa 
pools;
    (2) covers all single-phase pumps that are capable of a flow rate 
equal to or greater than 120 L/min (32 gpm);
    (3) applies to single-speed, dual-speed, multi-speed, and variable-
speed pumps with an input power of less than or equal to 2500 W for any 
of the available speeds;
    (4) covers pumps for the circulation of water through pool filters, 
sanitization devices, cleaning devices, water heaters (including 
solar), and pumps for circulation of water through spa or jet outlets 
or other features forming part of the pool;
    (5) covers newly manufactured pumps that form part of a complete 
new pool installation or intended for sale as replacements for existing 
pools; and
    (6) covers all water-retaining structures designed for human use--
    (i) that are capable of holding more than 680 liters of water \20\ 
(179.6 gallons), and
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    \20\ The standard explicitly exclude residential pool pumps 
designed for use in spa baths (i.e., water retaining structures less 
than or equal to 680 liters/180 gallons).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (ii) that incorporate, or are connected to, equipment that is 
capable of filtering and heating any water contained in it and 
injecting air bubbles or water into it under pressure so as to cause 
water turbulence.
    The minimum energy performance standard (MEPS) in part 2 of AS 
5102-2009 is stated in terms of a minimum EF. Specifically, the current 
MEPS is 8 liters/watt-hour (2.09 gallons/Wh).
5. European Union
    The European Union is considering regulations for private and 
public pool pumps. In 2014, the European Commission completed a study 
on pumps for private and public swimming pools, along with other pump 
products under the Ecodesign Directive.\21\ The goal of the study is to 
provide the European Commission with an assessment of the energy 
savings potential and feasibility of different types of performance-
based or design standards for such equipment. The study considered 
input from various stakeholders, including representatives from 
manufacturing companies, energy efficiency advocates, and government 
agencies. The Ecodesign Directive published the results of their study 
on March 28, 2014.\22\ DOE has reviewed the available information and 
will continue to monitor these efforts.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \22\ Work on Preparatory studies for implementing measures of 
the Ecodesign Directive 2009/125/EC: ENER Lot 29--Pumps for Private 
and Public Swimming Pools, Ponds, Fountains, and Aquariums (and 
clean water pumps larger than those regulated under ENER Lot 11) 
Tasks 1-8. Available at: http://lot29.ecopumps.eu/documents.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

B. Scope

    The CIP Working Group recommended that DOE initiate a separate 
rulemaking for dedicated-purpose pool pumps. (Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-
NOC-0039, No. 92) Therefore, in the pumps test procedure NOPR, DOE 
proposed to explicitly define the category of pumps referred to as 
dedicated-purpose pool pumps, based on their distinct construction and 
resulting operational characteristics and utility, and also proposed 
that the test procedure proposed in the NOPR would not address or be 
applicable to such pumps. See 80 FR 17586, 17597 (April 1, 2015).
    In considering the establishment of test procedures and energy 
conservation standards for dedicated-purpose pool pumps, DOE would 
first establish the criteria specifying the scope of applicable 
equipment that would be regulated, including physical characteristics, 
operating parameters, equipment types, and equipment configuration.
1. Definitions
    In the pumps test procedure NOPR, DOE proposed a new definition for 
dedicated-purpose pool pumps. DOE intended for this definition to apply 
to pumps used to circulate water through the filtration system in a 
stationary pool. Based on input from interested parties provided during 
the negotiated rulemaking process (Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-NOC-0039, 
No. 62 at p. 195), DOE used the presence of an integrated basket 
strainer to differentiate dedicated-purpose pool pumps from other end 
suction close-coupled (ESCC) and end suction frame-mounted (ESFM) pumps 
that may otherwise be within the scope of the pumps test procedure 
NOPR. 80 FR at 17597. The proposed definition would treat an end 
suction pump designed specifically to circulate water in a pool and 
that includes an integrated basket strainer as a dedicated-purpose pool 
pump. See 80 FR at 17641.
    DOE's preliminary review of industry literature indicates that 
although most models marketed as pool pumps are sold with an integrated 
basket strainer, some are sold without one. Of the models sold without 
a basket strainer, most are configured to accept a basket strainer that 
is sold separately.
    DOE notes that non-self-priming end suction pumps that are used in 
pool applications but are sold without an integrated basket strainer 
and are [gteqt]1 hp will meet the definition of either an ESCC or ESFM 
pump as proposed in the pumps test procedure NOPR. 80 FR at 17641 
(April 1, 2015). DOE also notes that self-priming pumps of any hp, and 
<1 hp pool pumps sold without an integrated basket strainer, would not 
meet the proposed definition of an ESCC or ESFM pump. Id.
    Issue 2: DOE requests comment on whether the proposed definition of 
dedicated-purpose pool pumps, as detailed in the pumps test procedure

[[Page 26480]]

NOPR, 80 FR at 17641, should be modified--and if so, what changes 
should be made. One item of specific interest to DOE is whether the 
definition should explicitly account for the self-priming feature 
described above. DOE also seeks comment regarding how best to handle 
those pump models marketed as pool pumps but are not sold with a basket 
strainer.
    Issue 3: DOE seeks information and data regarding the percentage of 
pool pump sales that involve models that are sold without integrated 
basket strainers.
2. Phase, Horsepower, and Application
    The definition of dedicated-purpose pool pumps proposed in the 
pumps test procedure NOPR is not limited by operational parameters or 
characteristics. However, DOE may consider limiting the scope of any 
applicable dedicated-purpose pool pump regulations based on certain 
operating characteristics, including motor phase (single- versus multi-
phase) and horsepower (hp) (THP or rated nameplate hp; minimum or 
maximum hp).
    DOE's review of regulatory and voluntary programs indicates that 
some programs include maximum and minimum hp limits, as well as phase 
limitations. For example, the ENERGY STAR pool pump specification is 
only applicable to single-phase residential inground pool pumps that 
have a hp rating of between >0.5 and [gteqt]4 THP. Aside from phase and 
THP limits, no other distinguishing characteristics have been 
identified.
    DOE reviewed available product literature and found that dedicated-
purpose pool pumps that meet the definition proposed in the pumps test 
procedure NOPR 80 FR 17586, 17641 (April 1, 2015) typically range from 
0.5 to 5 hp, although DOE identified some pool pumps as large as 20 hp. 
DOE's research identified three-phase pool pumps as small as 2 hp and 
single-phase pool pumps as large as 10 hp. DOE notes that if this 
potential rulemaking establishes limitations on the phase and/or hp of 
dedicated-purpose pool pumps, a subset of pumps (i.e., self-priming 
pumps or pumps with integrated basket strainers) may ultimately not be 
covered by either the scope of this potential dedicated-purpose pool 
pump rulemaking or by the current energy conservation standards 
rulemaking currently underway. 80 FR 17826 (April 2, 2015)
    Issue 4: DOE requests data on the breakdown of shipments of 
dedicated-purpose pool pumps by phase (single- or multi-) and by hp 
range. To the extent possible, DOE seeks annual shipments data broken 
down by phase and horsepower covering the last 15 years.
    Issue 5: DOE requests comment on whether DOE should consider motor 
phase or hp limitations for dedicated-purpose pool pumps in the scope 
of any potential rulemaking. If so, why, and if not, why not?
    Pools pumps can be classified either by the rated hp (also referred 
to as ``nameplate hp'') or the THP (also known as ``service factor 
hp'') of the motor with which the pump is sold. Rated hp refers to the 
output power of the motor, as stated by the manufacturer, at a 
specified rotational speed, voltage, and frequency. Alternatively, THP 
is a characterization of the maximum continuous load the motor is 
designed to serve at nominal rating conditions. THP can be calculated 
as a product of the rated hp and the service factor. The service factor 
is defined as a scalar quantity that indicates the percentage beyond 
the rated hp that a pump motor may continuously operate without 
exceeding its allowable insulation class temperature limit. (For 
example, a 5 hp motor rated with a service factor of 1.25 can safely 
operate at 6.25 hp without incurring heat-related damage.) When 
determining service factor, other operating parameters, such as rated 
voltage, frequency, and ambient temperature, must be within the normal 
operating range.
    Issue 6: DOE requests comment on the merits of using either the 
rated hp or total horse power as the metric in creating potential 
exclusions or equipment classes.
3. Product Type
    DOE identified several different pool pump types or classifications 
used by the industry. These include inground and aboveground pool 
pumps, inflatable pool pumps, auxiliary pumps, spa pumps, and several 
other types of pumps.
    (a) Inground and Aboveground Pool Pumps
    Dedicated-purpose pool pumps serve both inground pools and 
aboveground pools. DOE research has indicated that for inground pools, 
dedicated-purpose pool pumps are required to be self-priming. As such, 
the industry appears to refer to self-priming pool pumps as ``inground 
pool pumps'' in their marketing literature. These ``inground pool 
pumps'' typically are designed to provide higher hydraulic heads \23\ 
than the non-self-priming dedicated-purpose pool pumps designed for 
installation in aboveground pools. The higher heads provided by self-
priming pumps are typically required because the ``inground pool 
pumps'' usually must overcome greater flow resistance (e.g., from 
longer piping or more piping bends) than those serving aboveground 
pools. However, DOE has found that some pool pumps listed as 
aboveground are also self-priming.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \23\ ``Hydraulic head'' is a term used to describe the liquid 
pressure in a system and is typically measured in terms of the 
height of a column of the fluid above a reference plane that would 
result in an equivalent pressure.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    ENERGY STAR differentiates inground versus aboveground pools based 
on their application in residential swimming pools with dimensions as 
defined in American National Standards Institute (ANSI)/National Spa 
and Pool Institute (NSPI)-5 (ANSI/NSPI-5 2003), ``Standard for 
Residential Inground Swimming Pools,'' and ANSI/APSP-4 2007, ``Standard 
for Aboveground/Onground Residential Swimming Pools,'' respectively.
    The ENERGY STAR pool pumps framework \24\ document lays out a scope 
limited to the residential inground pool pumps market because of the 
large end-user base and national savings potential present with this 
market, as well as the availability of adequate supporting test data. 
The absence of robust test data for aboveground pumps led the ENERGY 
STAR program to not issue specifications for these pumps. DOE notes 
that both inground and aboveground pool pumps would meet the definition 
of a dedicated-purpose pool pump, as proposed in the pumps test 
procedure NOPR. 80 FR at 17641.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \24\ ``ENERGY STAR[supreg] Residential Swimming Pool Pump 
Specification Framework'', Available at http://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/specs//private/Pool_Pump_Specification_Framework.pdf.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Issue 7: DOE requests information on any performance or physical 
component differences between dedicated-purpose pool pumps designed to 
serve inground pools versus aboveground pools. Specifically, DOE 
requests comment on whether dedicated-purpose pool pumps serving 
inground pools need to be self-priming to operate as expected.
(b) Inflatable Pool Pumps
    DOE has identified a type of pump, sometimes classified as an 
inflatable pool pump, which is sold with an integrated filter system. 
The pump, motor, and basket strainer portion of these products appear 
to be similar to inground or aboveground pool pumps. This similarity in 
design indicates that the portion of the product not including the 
filter system may meet the current definition of a dedicated-purpose 
pool pump, as proposed in the pumps test procedure NOPR. 80 FR at 
17641.

[[Page 26481]]

    Issue 8: DOE requests data on the annual shipments of inflatable 
pool pumps or pumps with integrated filter systems for the last 15 
years.
    Issue 9: DOE requests comment on whether pumps with integrated 
filter systems should be part of a potential rulemaking for dedicated-
purpose pool pumps. If so, why? If not, why not? If standards for this 
category of pumps should be included as part of any DOE effort to 
regulate dedicated-purpose pool pumps, should any potential standards 
be limited to the pump and motor portion only, or should it also 
include the filter system? Please include the reasons supporting (or 
opposing) your view.
    Issue 10: DOE requests comment on how inflatable pool pumps or 
pumps with integrated filter systems are typically designed and 
distributed for sale. Specifically, DOE is interested in whether the 
pump, motor, and basket strainer portions of pumps sold with integrated 
filter systems are typically purchased from manufacturers as completed 
units. If not, do manufacturers of pumps with integrated filter systems 
design and produce the pump, motor, and basket strainer specifically 
for use in such systems, even though they may be distributed in 
commerce as separate components?
(c) Auxiliary Pumps
    DOE's research indicates that certain types of pumps are used to 
drive auxiliary pool equipment, such as pool cleaners, spas, and water 
features. In the industry, these pumps may be referred to as 
``specialty,'' ``booster,'' or ``auxiliary'' pumps. The ENERGY STAR 
pool pump specification defines auxiliary pumps as those pumps which 
are not used primarily for pool filtration and water recirculation.
    Limited data are available on these types of pumps. A review of the 
market indicates that these pumps do not have an integrated basket 
strainer, and thus would not meet the definition of dedicated-purpose 
pool pump as proposed in the pumps test procedure NOPR. 80 FR at 17641. 
However, DOE's research suggests that most auxiliary pumps may be small 
ESCC pumps. As such, those that are 1 hp or greater would fall within 
the scope of DOE's recently proposed pumps test procedure. (80 FR 17586 
(April 1, 2015)).
    Issue 11: DOE requests comment on the annual shipments for the past 
15 years of auxiliary pumps, broken-out by any commonly used equipment 
type designations, size (i.e. less than 1 hp and greater than or equal 
to 1 hp), and any other parameters relevant to the pool pump industry. 
DOE also requests data on typical usage profiles and energy use of 
auxiliary pumps used in pool applications.
    Issue 12: DOE requests comment on how best to distinguish auxiliary 
pumps from other dedicated-purpose pool pumps intended for continuous 
use (i.e., the lack of an integrated basket strainer).
    Issue 13: DOE requests comment on whether auxiliary pumps of less 
than 1 hp (or otherwise not meeting the definition of an ESCC pump as 
proposed in the pumps test procedure NOPR, (80 FR 17586 (April 1, 
2015)) should be included in the scope of any potential pool pump 
rulemaking. If so, why? If not, why not?
(d) Spa Pumps
    DOE notes that spa pumps are similar to auxiliary pumps in that 
they are small ESCC pumps without an integrated basket strainer. ENERGY 
STAR defines ``residential spa pump'' as a pump intended for 
installation in a non-permanently installed residential spa as defined 
in ANSI/NSPI-6 (ANSI/NSPI-6 1999), ``Standard for Portable Spas.'' 
ENERGY STAR also clarified that such pumps are sometimes referred to as 
a hot tub pump, but do not include jetted bathtub pumps.
    Issue 14: DOE requests comment on the distinguishing 
characteristics of spa pumps (as opposed to dedicated-purpose pool 
pumps) and whether any categories of spa pumps should be included in 
the scope of any potential pool pump rulemaking.
(e) Other Pumps
    DOE's research indicates that a type of pump commonly known as a 
``pool cover pump'' is often classified by the industry as a pool pump. 
These pool cover pumps are typically submersible or sump pumps, and 
therefore they do not meet the definition of dedicated-purpose pool 
pump as proposed in the pumps test procedure NOPR. 80 FR at 17641.
    DOE has also identified solar-powered and ``bottom feeder'' pool 
pumps available for sale. These pumps are typically very small (less 
than 1/4 hp) and are also submersible. These pumps would not meet the 
definition proposed in the pumps test procedure NOPR. 80 FR at 17641.
    Issue 15: DOE requests information on the annual shipments for the 
past 15 years of pool cover pumps and solar-powered pool pumps, 
separately broken down by horsepower. DOE also requests comment on 
whether to include these pumps in any potential rulemaking to set 
energy conservation standards for dedicated-purpose pool pumps. If so, 
why? If not, why not?
    Issue 16: DOE requests comment and any supporting information on 
any other categories of pool pumps that would be relevant to its 
efforts in examining potential energy conservation standards for 
dedicated-purpose pool pumps that are not already addressed in section 
II.B. 3.
4. Sales Configuration
    Some types of pumps can be differentiated by the configuration in 
which the pump is sold, either as a bare pump, with a motor, or with a 
motor and controls.
    In the pumps test procedure NOPR, DOE proposed to differentiate 
pumps considered in the scope of that rulemaking based on the 
configuration in which the pump is sold. These configurations include: 
the bare pump, the bare pump with an electric motor, and the bare pump 
with an electric motor and continuous or non-continuous controls. 80 FR 
at 17627. The pumps test procedure NOPR proposed unique but comparable 
test methods and rating metrics that are applicable to a pump based on 
its sale configuration. Id. To achieve this differentiation, DOE 
proposed a series of definitions based on the CIP Working Group 
recommendations (Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-NOC-0039, No. 92 at p. 1):
    (1) ``Pump'' means equipment designed to move liquids (which may 
include entrained gases, free solids, and totally dissolved solids) by 
physical or mechanical action and includes a bare pump and, if included 
by the manufacturer at the time of sale, mechanical equipment, driver, 
and controls.
    (2) ``Bare pump'' means a pump excluding mechanical equipment, 
driver, and controls.
    (3) ``Mechanical equipment'' means any component that transfers 
energy from a driver to a bare pump.
    (4) ``Driver'' means the machine providing mechanical input to 
drive a bare pump directly or through the use of mechanical equipment. 
Examples include, but are not limited to, an electric motor, internal 
combustion engine, or gas/steam turbine.
    (5) ``Control'' means any device that can be used to operate the 
driver. Examples include, but are not limited to, continuous or non-
continuous speed controls, schedule-based controls, on/off switches, 
and float switches.

80 FR 17586, 17641-42 (April 1, 2015).

    DOE's research indicates that most dedicated-purpose pool pumps are

[[Page 26482]]

paired with an electric motor when sold--rarely are they sold as bare 
pumps.
    Issue 17: DOE requests information on whether dedicated-purpose 
pool pumps are offered for sale by pool pump manufacturers as bare 
pumps. If they are offered for sale as bare pumps, are they typically 
paired with a motor by a distributor or retailer before being sold to 
an end user? Related to this request, DOE seeks information regarding 
the percentage of dedicated-purpose pool pump shipments that are sold 
by the pump manufacturer as a bare pump, without a motor.
    Dedicated-purpose pool pumps can also be sold with different types 
of controls that allow for the variation of motor speed at part load 
conditions. Specifically, dedicated-purpose pool pumps can be paired 
with multi-speed motors or variable-speed controls. The CEC established 
definitions of two-speed motors and variable-speed motors, while ENERGY 
STAR established definitions for multi-speed pumps, variable-speed 
pumps, and variable-flow pumps (flow controlled variable-speed pumps; 
see section II.A.2).
    In the pumps test procedure NOPR, DOE proposed definitions of 
continuous controls and non-continuous controls to distinguish between 
controls with discrete speed options (e.g., two-speed and multi-speed 
controls) and controls that can continuously adjust speed in response 
to the required load (e.g., variable-speed drives):
     ``Continuous Control'' means a control that adjusts the 
speed of the pump driver continuously over the driver operating speed 
range in response to incremental changes in the required pump flow, 
head, or power output.
     ``Non-Continuous Control'' means a control that adjusts 
the speed of a driver to one of a discrete number of non-continuous 
preset operating speeds, and does not respond to incremental reductions 
in the required pump flow, head, or power output.

80 FR at 17641 (April 1, 2015).

    These definitions may also be relevant to dedicated-purpose pool 
pumps.
    Issue 18: DOE requests information on the market share of 
dedicated-purpose pool pumps sold with: (1) Continuous controls, (2) 
non-continuous controls, and (3) other types of controls. DOE also 
seeks information on what other types of controls are applicable to 
pool pumps along with the market share held by each of these other 
controls.

C. Test Procedure and Rating Metrics

    Related to considering potential energy conservation standards for 
dedicated-purpose pool pumps, DOE is also considering potential test 
procedures and rating metrics for dedicated-purpose pool pumps. 
Manufacturers of covered equipment use DOE test produces and rating 
metrics as the basis for (1) certifying to DOE that their equipment 
complies with any applicable energy conservation standards adopted 
under EPCA, (42 U.S.C. 6295(s) and 6316(a)(1)), and (2) making 
representations about the efficiency of that equipment. (42 U.S.C. 
6314(d))
    To inform DOE's consideration of test procedures and rating 
metrics, DOE reviewed the pool pump test procedures that are 
established or referenced by the existing regulatory and voluntary 
programs that are discussed in section II.A. The rating metrics and 
testing requirements for each of these programs are summarized in Table 
II.3.

     Table II.3--Summary of Rating Metrics and Industry Test Procedures Referenced by Various Voluntary and
                                          Regulatory Pool Pump Programs
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Rating program                   Metric              Test procedure         Other relevant standards
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CEC 2014 Appliance Efficiency    Prescriptive design      IEEE Standard 114-2001  N/A.
 Regulations.                     requirements.            for determination of
                                                           motor efficiency ANSI/
                                                           HI 1.6-2000 with
                                                           additional rating
                                                           requirements and
                                                           calculations
                                                           (equivalent to ANSI/
                                                           APSP/ICC-15a-2013)
                                                           for pump performance.
ENERGY STAR Program              EF.....................  ANSI/HI 1.6-2000 with   ANSI/APSP-4 2007.
 Requirements for Pool Pumps--                             additional rating      ANSI/NSPI-5-2003.
 Version 1.0.                                              requirements and       ANSI/NSPI-6-1999.
                                                           calculations
                                                           (equivalent to ANSI/
                                                           APSP/ICC-15a-2013).
CEE High-Efficiency Swimming     EF and prescriptive      ANSI/APSP/ICC-15a-2013  N/A.
 Pool Initiative.                 design requirements
                                  for pool pump controls.
Australia and New Zealand        EF.....................  Part 1 of AS 5102-2009  N/A.
 Energy Rating Program.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    As discussed in section II.A.1, the CEC regulations established 
prescriptive design requirements for residential pool pumps that 
focused on the motor and controls with which the pool pump is sold.\25\ 
As such, the CEC requires that reported motor efficiency be verifiable 
by IEEE Standard 114-2001, ``IEEE Standard Test Procedure for Single-
Phase Induction Motors.'' \26\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \25\ California Energy Commission, 2014 Appliance Efficiency 
Regulations, available at http://www.energy.ca.gov/2014publications/CEC-400-2014-009/CEC-400-2014-009-CMF.pdf.
    \26\ Available for purchase at: http://standards.ieee.org/findstds/standard/114-2001.html.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Although the CEC does not currently regulate pool pumps on a 
performance basis, the regulations require reporting certain 
performance information when certifying a pool pump under the Title 20 
regulations. Cal. Code Regs., tit. 20, Sec.  1606, subd. (a)(3). For 
example, pool pump efficiency must be measured in accordance with the 
Hydraulic Institute's (HI) Standard 1.6 (ANSI/HI 1.6-2000), ``American 
National Standard for Centrifugal Pump Tests'' and a manufacturer must 
report that its pool pump has been tested in accordance with this 
testing standard. Similarly, a manufacturer must test the performance 
of its pool pump along three representative system curves, known as 
curves A, B, and C. Cal. Code Regs., tit. 20, Sec.  1604, subd. (g)(3).
    The test requirements for ENERGY STAR and CEE are harmonized with 
those adopted by the CEC.\27\ The

[[Page 26483]]

ENERGY STAR and CEE test methods for pool pumps reference the 
Association of Pool and Spa Professional's (APSP) Standard 15 with 
Addendum 1 (ANSI/APSP/ICC-15a-2013), ``American National Standard for 
Residential Swimming Pool and Spa Energy Efficiency.'' ANSI/APSP/ICC-
15a-2013 is based on the CEC test methodology.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \27\ The curves used by ENERGY STAR are identical to CEC curves 
A, B, and C.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The test requirements for the Australia and New Zealand energy 
rating program are defined in part 1 of AS 5102-2009, ``Performance of 
household electrical appliances--Swimming pool pump--units: Energy 
consumption and energy performance.'' Part 1 of the AS 5102-2009 test 
procedure is similar to the CEC testing requirements, but includes a 
different test setup and different measurement requirements. In 
addition, part 1 of AS 5102-2009 only requires rating along a new curve 
D.
    In all of these test methods, the pump head is adjusted until the 
flow and head lie on the specified system curve. EF is then calculated 
at various rating points and speeds for multi- and variable-speed pumps 
as the ratio of flow over power, and is expressed in units of gal/Wh.
    DOE recently proposed a test procedure for pumps that would 
incorporate by reference the Hydraulic Institute's (HI) Standard 40.6-
2014, ``Methods for Rotodynamic Pump Efficiency Testing,'' as the basis 
for establishing the tested performance of a bare pump, pump with 
motor, or pump with motor and controls. 80 FR at 17642. DOE's proposed 
test procedure for pumps also includes additional calculations and 
default assumptions necessary to determine the constant load pump 
energy index (PEICL) for bare pumps and pumps sold with 
electric motors, or the variable load pump energy index 
(PEIVL) for pumps sold with electric motors and continuous 
or non-continuous controls. 80 FR at 17643-17651. The PEICL 
and PEIVL describe the power consumption of the rated pump, 
inclusive of a motor and any continuous or non-continuous controls, 
normalized with respect to the performance of a minimally compliant 
pump for each pump basic model. DOE believes that such an approach 
could potentially be modified to be applicable to dedicated-purpose 
pool pumps.
    Issue 18: DOE requests comment on the pros and cons of any of the 
rating metrics relevant to dedicated-purpose pool pumps, including EF, 
PEICL, and PEIVL, or prescriptive design 
requirements for the motor and/or controls.
    Issue 19: DOE requests comment on the applicability of any of the 
test procedures that might be applied to dedicated-purpose pool pumps, 
including the test procedure proposed by DOE for pumps in the pumps 
test procedure NOPR. If any particular provisions are not applicable, 
DOE requests comment on how they might be adapted to be more 
appropriate for the testing of dedicated-purpose pool pumps.
    Issue 20: DOE requests comment on the burdens, if any, associated 
with testing dedicated-purpose pool pumps in accordance with any of the 
referenced industry test procedures.
    Issue 21: DOE requests comment on any other pool pump test 
procedure that DOE should consider in developing a potential test 
procedure for dedicated-purpose pool pumps.

D. Data Needs for Rulemaking Analyses

    To help inform DOE's decision of whether to regulate dedicated-
purpose pool pumps, DOE seeks a variety of different types of 
information. If DOE chooses to regulate this equipment, the information 
collected in this RFI will also inform a number of analyses that are 
required to support an energy conservation standard rulemaking. Table 
I.1 provides a summary of these analyses. To this end, DOE seeks 
detailed data regarding the following aspects:
1. Market and Technology Assessment
    Issue 22: DOE seeks data on historical shipments (specifically from 
1995-2014, in number of units and revenues) for dedicated-purpose pool 
pumps. Where available, DOE requests this data be broken-out by 
equipment type, hp (rated nameplate hp or THP), operating speed, 
application, and any other parameters relevant to the pool pump 
industry.
    Issue 23: The CEC maintains a database of pool pumps meeting the 
CEC's prescriptive design requirement standard.\28\ DOE seeks comment 
on whether the range of product efficiencies (specified in EF) in the 
CEC database are representative of dedicated-purpose pool pumps in the 
United States. If not, DOE is interested in information regarding the 
typical range of efficiencies for dedicated-purpose pool pumps. If 
available, DOE requests these data be broken-out by equipment type, hp 
(rated nameplate hp or THP), operating speed, application, and any 
other parameters relevant to the pool pump industry.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \28\ Available at: www.appliances.energy.ca.gov/QuickSearch1024.aspx.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Issue 24: DOE requests comment and information on design features 
that are typically used by the pool pump manufacturers to describe and 
differentiate pool pumps. This includes features used to differentiate 
various types of pool pumps from each other, as well as features used 
to differentiate dedicated-purpose pool pumps from the scope of pumps 
defined in the pumps test procedure NOPR. See 80 FR at 17642-17643. 
Additionally, DOE requests information on how these design features 
affect the efficiency of a dedicated-purpose pool pump.
    Issue 25: DOE requests information and comment on technology 
options that could be considered to improve the energy efficiency of 
dedicated-purpose pool pumps. Specifically, DOE is interested in the 
magnitude of efficiency improvements available from any potential 
technology options, as well as how these efficiency improvements may, 
or may not, impact equipment performance, features, utility, or safety. 
Please provide efficiency improvements in terms of the relevant 
parameter, such as pump efficiency, motor efficiency, EF, etc.
    Issue 26: DOE understands that there are two typical market 
channels for dedicated-purpose pool pumps, the distributor model 
(Manufacturer [rarr] Distributor [rarr] Pool Service Contractor [rarr] 
Customer) and the retail model (Manufacturer [rarr] Retail Store [rarr] 
Customer). DOE requests comment on whether these distribution channels 
sufficiently depicts the market channels for this equipment or if other 
channels, such as direct sales through national accounts or 
wholesalers, exist that DOE should also consider. DOE requests data 
regarding the sizes of these market channels and requests data on the 
percentage of dedicated-purpose pool pumps sold through each channel, 
by type or application, if appropriate.
2. Energy Use Analysis
    Issue 27: According to APSP,\29\ in 2013 there were approximately 8 
million inground and aboveground swimming pools in the United States. 
DOE requests comment and information on the total number of installed 
inground and aboveground swimming pools in each state or climate region 
of the United States. DOE also requests comment on the number and type 
of dedicated-purpose pool pumps that are typically installed in each 
inground and aboveground swimming pool.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \29\ The Association of Pool and Spa Professionals, ``U.S. 
Swimming Pool and Hot Tub Market 2013''. Available at: http://apsp.org/portals/0/images/APSP%20statistics%202013.jpg.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

[[Page 26484]]

    Issue 28: DOE seeks comment regarding the typical energy use of 
dedicated-purpose pool pumps. If available, DOE requests that these 
data be broken-out by equipment type, hp (rated nameplate hp or THP), 
operating speed, application, and any other parameters relevant to the 
pool pump industry.
    Issue 29: A study by CEE \30\ estimates that adopting higher 
efficiency technologies, such as multi-speed and variable-speed pool 
pumps, may result in energy savings of 1,900-3,800 kWh/year for each 
residential swimming pool pump. DOE seeks comment on whether the 
approach and assumptions described in that report would be appropriate 
to use as a basis for estimating national energy savings, and on the 
accuracy of the estimates themselves. If so, why? If not, why not?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \30\ CEE High Efficiency Residential Swimming Pool Initiative, 
Consortium of Energy Efficiency. Available at http://library.cee1.org/sites/default/files/library/9986/cee_res_swimmingpoolinitiative_07dec2012_pdf_10557.pdf.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Issue 30: The pool pump industry defines ``turnover rate'' as the 
total number of times the entire volume of water in the pool is 
circulated (or ``turned over'') within a 24-hour period. The industry 
defines ``turnover time'' as the amount of time required to circulate 
the entire volume of water in the pool once. Turnover rate is 
calculated by dividing 24 hours by the turnover time in hours. DOE 
seeks comment on typical turnover rates and times, as well as any 
variation by application, state, or climate region.
    Issue 31: DOE seeks comment on the usage profiles of dedicated-
purpose pool pumps broken-out by climate, pool or pump type (i.e., 
inground or aboveground, indoor or outdoor), hp (rated nameplate hp or 
THP), and efficiency. DOE is specifically interested in hours of use 
per day at each speed when multi-speed or variable-speed pumps are 
used.
    Issue 32: DOE seeks data and comment on the number of months per 
year that dedicated-purpose pool pumps typically operate, broken-out by 
state or climate region.
    Issue 33: DOE requests comment on the typical lifetime of 
dedicated-purpose pool pumps.
3. Manufacturer Impact Analysis
    Issue 34: DOE seeks to identify all dedicated-purpose pool pump 
manufacturers that currently distribute equipment in the United States. 
Currently, DOE has identified Pentair Ltd., Hayward Industries, Inc., 
Zodiac, Speck Pumps, and Waterway Plastics as dedicated-purpose pool 
pump manufacturers. DOE seeks comment on the comprehensiveness of this 
list of manufacturers, and requests the names and contact information 
of any other domestically- or foreign-based manufacturers that sell or 
otherwise market their dedicated-purpose pool pumps in the United 
States.
    Issue 35: DOE seeks to identify all dedicated-purpose pool pump 
manufacturers that currently distribute equipment in the United States 
who also qualify as small businesses. The Small Business Administration 
(SBA) defines a small business under North American Industry 
Classification System (NAICS) code 333911, ``Pump and Pumping Equipment 
Manufacturing,'' as one having no more than 500 employees.\31\ DOE 
requests the names of any small business manufacturers of dedicated-
purpose pool pumps that it should consider in its analysis.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \31\ Size standards, listed by NAICS code and industry 
description and are available at http://www.sba.gov/category/navigation-structure/contracting/contracting-officials/smallbusiness-size-standards.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

III. Public Participation

    DOE will accept comments, data, and information regarding this RFI 
and other matters relevant to DOE's consideration of any energy 
conservation standards for dedicated-purpose pool pumps by June 22, 
2015. After the close of the comment period, DOE will begin collecting 
data, conducting the analyses, and reviewing the public comments. These 
actions will be taken to aid in the consideration of a rulemaking for 
dedicated-purpose pool pumps.
    Instructions: All submissions received must include the agency name 
and docket number and/or RIN for this rulemaking. No telefacsimilies 
(faxes) will be accepted.
    Docket: The docket is available for review at www.regulations.gov, 
including Federal Register notices, public meeting attendees' lists and 
transcripts, comments, and other supporting documents/materials. All 
documents in the docket are listed in the www.regulations.gov index. 
However, not all documents listed in the index may be publicly 
available, such as information that is exempt from public disclosure.
    A link to the docket Web page can be found at: http://www.regulations.gov/#!docketDetail;D=EERE-2015-BT-STD-0008. This Web 
page contains a link to the docket for this notice on the 
www.regulations.gov Web site. The www.regulations.gov Web page contains 
simple instructions on how to access all documents, including public 
comments, in the docket.
    For information on how to submit a comment, or review other public 
comments and the docket, contact Ms. Brenda Edwards at (202) 586-2945 
or by email: [email protected].
    DOE considers public participation to be a very important part of 
the process for developing test procedures. DOE actively encourages the 
participation and interaction of the public during the comment period 
in each stage of the rulemaking process. Interactions with and between 
members of the public provide a balanced discussion of the issues and 
assist DOE in the rulemaking process. Anyone who wishes to be added to 
the DOE mailing list to receive future notices and information about 
this rulemaking should contact Ms. Brenda Edwards at (202) 586-2945, or 
via email at [email protected].

    Issued in Washington, DC, on April 24, 2015.
Kathleen Hogan,
Deputy Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency, Energy Efficiency and 
Renewable Energy.
[FR Doc. 2015-11011 Filed 5-7-15; 8:45 am]
 BILLING CODE 6450-01-P
Document Created: 2018-02-21 10:24:41
Document Modified: 2018-02-21 10:24:41
Category		Regulatory Information
Collection		Federal Register
sudoc Class		AE 2.7: GS 4.107: AE 2.106:
Publisher		Office of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Administration
Section		Proposed Rules
Action		Request for information (RFI).
Dates		Written comments and information are requested on or before June 22, 2015.
Contact		Requests for additional information may be sent to Mr. John Cymbalsky, U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Building Technologies Program, EE-2J, 1000 Independence Avenue SW., Washington, DC 20585-0121. Telephone: (202) 586-7935. Email: [email protected]
FR Citation		80 FR 26475
RIN Number		1904-AD52