80 FR 47400 - Special Conditions: Bombardier Inc., Models BD-700-2A12 and BD-700-2A13 Series Airplanes; Electronic Flight Control System: Control Surface Awareness and Mode Annunciation
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Federal Aviation Administration Federal Register Volume 80, Issue 152 (August 7, 2015)
Federal Aviation Administration
Federal Register Volume 80, Issue 152 (August 7, 2015)
| Page Range | 47400-47402 | |
| FR Document | 2015-19458 |
[Federal Register Volume 80, Number 152 (Friday, August 7, 2015)] [Rules and Regulations] [Pages 47400-47402] From the Federal Register Online [www.thefederalregister.org] [FR Doc No: 2015-19458] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Federal Aviation Administration 14 CFR Part 25 [Docket No. FAA-2015-2566; Special Conditions No. 25-587-SC] Special Conditions: Bombardier Inc., Models BD-700-2A12 and BD- 700-2A13 Series Airplanes; Electronic Flight Control System: Control Surface Awareness and Mode Annunciation AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Final special conditions; request for comments. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: These special conditions are issued for the Bombardier Inc. Models BD-700-2A12 and BD-700-2A13 series airplanes. These airplanes will have [[Page 47401]] novel or unusual design features when compared to the state of technology envisioned in the airworthiness standards for transport category airplanes. These design features are a fly-by-wire electronic flight control system (EFCS) and no direct coupling from the flight deck controller to the control surface. As a result, the pilot is not aware of the actual control surface position. The applicable airworthiness regulations do not contain adequate or appropriate safety standards for these design features. These special conditions contain the additional safety standards that the Administrator considers necessary to establish a level of safety equivalent to that established by the existing airworthiness standards. DATES: This action is effective on Bombardier Inc. on August 7, 2015. We must receive your comments by September 21, 2015. ADDRESSES: Send comments identified by docket number FAA-2015-2566 using any of the following methods:Federal eRegulations Portal: Go to http://www.regulations.gov/ and follow the online instructions for sending your comments electronically. Mail: Send comments to Docket Operations, M-30, U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT), 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE., Room W12-140, West Building Ground Floor, Washington, DC 20590-0001. Hand Delivery or Courier: Take comments to Docket Operations in Room W12-140 of the West Building Ground Floor at 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE., Washington, DC, between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays. Fax: Fax comments to Docket Operations at 202-493-2251. Privacy: The FAA will post all comments it receives, without change, to http://www.regulations.gov/, including any personal information the commenter provides. Using the search function of the docket Web site, anyone can find and read the electronic form of all comments received into any FAA docket, including the name of the individual sending the comment (or signing the comment for an association, business, labor union, etc.). DOT's complete Privacy Act Statement can be found in the Federal Register published on April 11, 2000 (65 FR 19477-19478), as well as at http://DocketsInfo.dot.gov/ gov/. Docket: Background documents or comments received may be read at http://www.regulations.gov/ at any time. Follow the online instructions for accessing the docket or go to the Docket Operations in Room W12-140 of the West Building Ground Floor at 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE., Washington, DC, between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Joe Jacobsen, FAA, Airplane and Flightcrew Interface Branch, ANM-111, Transport Airplane Directorate, Aircraft Certification Service, 1601 Lind Avenue SW., Renton, Washington 98057-3356; telephone 425-227-2011; facsimile 425-227-1149. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The substance of these special conditions has been subject to the public comment process in several prior instances with no substantive comments received. The FAA therefore finds that good cause exists for making these special conditions effective upon publication in the Federal Register. Comments Invited We invite interested people to take part in this rulemaking by sending written comments, data, or views. The most helpful comments reference a specific portion of the special conditions, explain the reason for any recommended change, and include supporting data. We will consider all comments we receive on or before the closing date for comments. We may change these special conditions based on the comments we receive. Background Bombardier Inc. located in Montreal, Canada, applied to Transport Canada Civil Aviation (TCCA) on January 7, 2012, and May 30, 2012, for two amended type certificates in the transport airplane category for two new airplane models designated as the BD-700-2A12 and BD-700-2A13. These airplanes are 19-passenger, twin-engine, ultra long-range large airplanes targeting the executive interior business jet market. They share an identical supplier base and significant common design elements including a fly-by-wire electronic flight control system (EFCS). Type Certification Basis Under the provisions of Title 14, Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR) 21.17, Bombardier Inc. must show that the BD-700-2A12 and BD-700- 2A13 airplanes meet the applicable provisions of 14 CFR part 25 as amended by Amendments 25-1 through 25-138 except for Amendment 25-137. If the Administrator finds that the applicable airworthiness regulations (i.e., 14 CFR part 25) do not contain adequate or appropriate safety standards for the BD-700-2A12 and BD-700-2A13 airplanes because of a novel or unusual design feature, special conditions are prescribed under the provisions of Sec. 21.16. Special conditions are initially applicable to the model for which they are issued. Should the type certificate for that model be amended later to include any other model that incorporates the same or similar novel or unusual design features, these special conditions would also apply to the other model under Sec. 21.101. In addition to the applicable airworthiness regulations and special conditions, the BD-700-2A12 and BD-700-2A13 airplanes must comply with the fuel vent and exhaust emission requirements of 14 CFR part 34 and the noise certification requirements of 14 CFR part 36, and the FAA must issue a finding of regulatory adequacy under Sec. 611 of Public Law 92-574, the ``Noise Control Act of 1972.'' The FAA issues special conditions, as defined in 14 CFR 11.19, in accordance with Sec. 11.38, and they become part of the type- certification basis under Sec. 21.17(a)(2). Novel or Unusual Design Features The BD-700-2A12 and BD-700-2A13 airplanes will incorporate the following novel or unusual design features: A fly-by-wire EFCS and no direct coupling from the flight deck controller to the control surface. As a result, the pilot is not aware of the actual control surface position as envisioned under current airworthiness standards. Discussion These special conditions require that the flightcrew receive a suitable flight control position annunciation when a flight condition exists in which nearly full surface authority (not crew-commanded) is being used. Suitability of such a display must take into account that some pilot-demanded maneuvers (e.g., rapid roll) are necessarily associated with intended full performance, which may saturate the surface. Therefore, simple alerting systems function in both intended and unexpected control-limiting situations. As a result, they must be properly balanced between providing necessary crew awareness and being a potential nuisance to the flightcrew. A monitoring system that compares airplane motion and surface deflection with the demand of the pilot side-stick controller could help reduce nuisance alerting. These special conditions also address flight control system mode annunciation. Suitable mode annunciation must be provided to the flightcrew for events that significantly change the operating mode of the [[Page 47402]] system but do not merit the classic ``failure warning.'' These special conditions contain the additional safety standards that the Administrator considers necessary to establish a level of safety equivalent to that established by the existing airworthiness standards. Applicability As discussed above, these special conditions are applicable to the Bombardier Models BD-700-2A12 and BD-700-2A13 series airplanes. Should Bombardier Inc. apply at a later date for a change to the type certificate to include another model incorporating the same novel or unusual design features, these special conditions would apply to that model as well. Conclusion This action affects only certain novel or unusual design features on two model series of airplanes. It is not a rule of general applicability. The substance of these special conditions has been subjected to the notice and comment period in several prior instances and has been derived without substantive change from those previously issued. It is unlikely that prior public comment would result in a significant change from the substance contained herein. Therefore, the FAA has determined that prior public notice and comment are unnecessary, and good cause exists for adopting these special conditions upon publication in the Federal Register. The FAA is requesting comments to allow interested persons to submit views that may not have been submitted in response to the prior opportunities for comment described above. List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 25 Aircraft, Aviation safety, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements. 0 The authority citation for these special conditions is as follows: Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701, 44702, 44704. The Special Conditions 0 Accordingly, pursuant to the authority delegated to me by the Administrator, the following special conditions are issued as part of the type certification basis for the Bombardier Inc. Models BD-700-2A12 and BD-700-2A13 series airplanes. 1. In addition to the requirements of Sec. Sec. 25.143, 25.671, and 25.672, the following requirements apply: a. The system design must ensure that the flightcrew is made suitably aware whenever the primary control means nears the limit of control authority. Note: The term ``suitably aware'' indicates annunciations provided to the flightcrew are appropriately balanced between nuisance and that necessary for crew awareness. b. If the design of the flight control system has multiple modes of operation, a means must be provided to indicate to the flightcrew any mode that significantly changes or degrades the normal handling or operational characteristics of the airplane. Issued in Renton, Washington, on June 17, 2015. Jeffrey E. Duven, Manager, Transport Airplane Directorate, Aircraft Certification Service. [FR Doc. 2015-19458 Filed 8-6-15; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 4910-13-P
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Special conditions are initially movement, displacement angle basis for the Bombardier Inc. Models
applicable to the model for which they suitability, and axis harmony. BD–700–2A12 and BD–700–2A13 series
are issued. Should the type certificate 3. Inadvertent input in turbulence. airplanes.
for that model be amended later to 4. Inadvertent pitch-roll cross talk. ■ In the absence of specific
include any other model that These special conditions elaborate on requirements for side stick controllers,
incorporates the same or similar novel these requirements and contain the the following apply:
or unusual design feature, the special additional safety standards that the 1. Pilot strength: In lieu of the
conditions would also apply to the other Administrator considers necessary to ‘‘strength of pilots’’ limits shown in
model under § 21.101. establish a level of safety equivalent to § 25.143(d) for pitch and roll, and in
In addition to the applicable that established by the existing lieu of specific pitch force requirement
airworthiness regulations and special airworthiness standards. of §§ 25.143(i)(2), 25.145(b), and
conditions, the BD–700–2A12 and BD– The FAA Handling Qualities Rating 25.175(d), Bombardier must show that
700–2A13 airplanes must comply with Method (HQRM) in appendix 5 of the temporary and maximum prolonged
the fuel vent and exhaust emission Advisory Circular 25–7C, ‘‘Flight Test force levels for the side stick controllers
requirements of 14 CFR part 34 and the Guide for Certification of Transport are suitable for all expected operating
noise certification requirements of 14 Category Airplanes,’’ may be used to conditions and configurations, whether
CFR part 36, and the FAA must issue a show compliance. normal or non-normal.
finding of regulatory adequacy under 2. Pilot control authority: The
Applicability electronic side stick controller coupling
§ 611 of Public Law 92–574, the ‘‘Noise
Control Act of 1972.’’ As discussed above, these special design must provide for corrective and/
The FAA issues special conditions, as conditions are applicable to the or overriding control inputs by either
defined in 14 CFR 11.19, in accordance Bombardier Inc. Models BD–700–2A12 pilot with no unsafe characteristics.
with § 11.38, and they become part of and BD–700–2A13 series airplanes. Annunciation of the controller status
the type-certification basis under Should Bombardier Inc. apply at a later must be provided and must not be
§ 21.17(a)(2). date for a change to the type certificate confusing to the flightcrew.
to include another model incorporating 3. Pilot control: Bombardier must
Novel or Unusual Design Feature the same novel or unusual design show by flight tests that the use of side
The BD–700–2A12 and BD–700–2A13 feature, these special conditions would stick controllers does not produce
airplanes will incorporate the following apply to that model as well. unsuitable pilot-in-the-loop control
novel or unusual design feature: Side characteristics when considering
Conclusion precision path control/tasks and
stick controllers for pitch and roll
control, which are not mechanically This action affects only certain novel turbulence. In addition, pitch and roll
interconnected as with conventional or unusual design features on two control force and displacement
wheel and column controls. These model series of airplanes. It is not a rule sensitivity must be compatible, so that
airplanes also have a fly-by-wire of general applicability. normal inputs on one control axis will
electronic flight control system. This The substance of these special not cause significant unintentional
system provides an electronic interface conditions has been subjected to the inputs on the other.
between the pilot’s flight controls and notice and comment period in several Issued in Renton, Washington, on June 17,
the flight control surfaces for both prior instances and has been derived 2015.
normal and failure states, and it without substantive change from those Jeffrey E. Duven,
generates the actual surface commands previously issued. It is unlikely that Manager, Transport Airplane Directorate,
that provide for stability augmentation prior public comment would result in a Aircraft Certification Service.
and control about all three airplane significant change from the substance [FR Doc. 2015–19459 Filed 8–6–15; 8:45 am]
axes. In addition, pilot control authority contained herein. Therefore, the FAA BILLING CODE 4910–13–P
may be uncertain, because the side has determined that prior public notice
sticks are not mechanically and comment are unnecessary, and good
interconnected as with conventional cause exists for adopting these special DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
wheel and column controls. conditions upon publication in the
Federal Register. The FAA is requesting Federal Aviation Administration
Discussion comments to allow interested persons to
Current FAA regulations do not submit views that may not have been 14 CFR Part 25
specifically address the use of side stick submitted in response to the prior [Docket No. FAA–2015–2566; Special
controllers for pitch and roll control. opportunities for comment described Conditions No. 25–587–SC]
The unique features of the side stick above.
must therefore be demonstrated through List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 25 Special Conditions: Bombardier Inc.,
flight and simulator tests to have Models BD–700–2A12 and BD–700–
suitable handling and control Aircraft, Aviation safety, Reporting 2A13 Series Airplanes; Electronic
characteristics when considering the and recordkeeping requirements. Flight Control System: Control Surface
following: ■ The authority citation for these Awareness and Mode Annunciation
1. The handling qualities tasks/ special conditions is as follows: AGENCY: Federal Aviation
requirements of the BD–700–2A12 and Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701, Administration (FAA), DOT.
BD–700–2A13 airplanes special
rmajette on DSK2TPTVN1PROD with RULES
44702, 44704. ACTION: Final special conditions; request
conditions and other part 25 stability, for comments.
control, and maneuverability The Special Conditions
requirements, including the effects of ■ Accordingly, pursuant to the authority SUMMARY: These special conditions are
turbulence. delegated to me by the Administrator, issued for the Bombardier Inc. Models
2. General ergonomics: Arm rest the following special conditions are BD–700–2A12 and BD–700–2A13 series
comfort and support, local freedom of issued as part of the type certification airplanes. These airplanes will have
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![47402 Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 152 / Friday, August 7, 2015 / Rules and Regulations
system but do not merit the classic Note: The term ‘‘suitably aware’’ Entity List. Lastly, this final rule makes
‘‘failure warning.’’ indicates annunciations provided to the a change to the Russian industry sector
These special conditions contain the flightcrew are appropriately balanced sanctions by clarifying the additional
additional safety standards that the between nuisance and that necessary for prohibition on those informed by BIS
Administrator considers necessary to crew awareness. also includes end-uses that are within
establish a level of safety equivalent to b. If the design of the flight control the scope of the Russian Industry sector
that established by the existing system has multiple modes of operation, sanctions.
airworthiness standards. a means must be provided to indicate to DATES: This rule is effective August 7,
Applicability the flightcrew any mode that 2015.
significantly changes or degrades the
As discussed above, these special FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: For
normal handling or operational
conditions are applicable to the this Entity List-related change, contact
characteristics of the airplane.
Bombardier Models BD–700–2A12 and the Chair, End-User Review Committee,
Issued in Renton, Washington, on June 17, Office of the Assistant Secretary, Export
BD–700–2A13 series airplanes. Should
2015. Administration, Bureau of Industry and
Bombardier Inc. apply at a later date for
Jeffrey E. Duven, Security, Department of Commerce,
a change to the type certificate to
include another model incorporating the Manager, Transport Airplane Directorate, Phone: (202) 482–5991, Fax: (202) 482–
Aircraft Certification Service. 3911, Email: ERC@bis.doc.gov. For the
same novel or unusual design features,
these special conditions would apply to [FR Doc. 2015–19458 Filed 8–6–15; 8:45 am] Russian industry sector sanctions
that model as well. BILLING CODE 4910–13–P referred to in this rule, contact Eileen
Albanese, Director, Office of National
Conclusion Security and Technology Transfer
This action affects only certain novel DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Controls, Bureau of Industry and
or unusual design features on two Security, Department of Commerce,
model series of airplanes. It is not a rule Bureau of Industry and Security Phone: (202) 482–0092, Fax: (202) 482–
of general applicability. 482–3355, Email: rpd2@bis.doc.gov. For
The substance of these special 15 CFR Parts 744 and 746 emails, include ‘‘Russia’’ in the subject
conditions has been subjected to the [Docket No. 150610514–5514–01] line.
notice and comment period in several SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
prior instances and has been derived RIN 0694–AG66
without substantive change from those Background
previously issued. It is unlikely that Russian Sanctions: Addition to the
This final rule amends the Export
prior public comment would result in a Entity List To Prevent Violations of
Administration Regulations (EAR) to
significant change from the substance Russian Industry Sector Sanctions
further implement U.S. sanctions on
contained herein. Therefore, the FAA AGENCY: Bureau of Industry and certain Russian energy projects.
has determined that prior public notice Security, Commerce. Specifically, in this rule, the Bureau of
and comment are unnecessary, and good ACTION: Final rule. Industry and Security (BIS) amends the
cause exists for adopting these special EAR by adding a Russian oil and gas
conditions upon publication in the SUMMARY: This final rule amends the field, the Yuzhno-Kirinskoye Field
Federal Register. The FAA is requesting Export Administration Regulations located in the Sea of Okhotsk, to the
comments to allow interested persons to (EAR) to further implement U.S. Entity List.
submit views that may not have been sanctions on certain Russian energy This Russian field is reported to
submitted in response to the prior projects. Specifically, in this rule, the contain substantial reserves of oil in
opportunities for comment described Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) addition to reserves of gas. The U.S.
above. amends the EAR by adding a Russian oil Government has determined, therefore,
and gas field, the Yuzhno-Kirinskoye that exports, reexports, and transfers (in-
List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 25 Field located in the Sea of Okhotsk, to country) of all items subject to the EAR
Aircraft, Aviation safety, Reporting the Entity List. This Russian field is to this Russian field by any person
and recordkeeping requirements. reported to contain substantial reserves without first obtaining a BIS license
■ The authority citation for these of oil in addition to reserves of gas. The present an unacceptable risk of use in,
special conditions is as follows: U.S. Government has determined, or diversion to, the activities specified
therefore, that exports, reexports, and in the Russian industry sector sanctions.
Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701,
44702, 44704. transfers (in-country) of all items subject Thus, as part of the BIS ‘‘is informed’’
to the EAR to this Russian field by any process, this final rule adds this Russian
The Special Conditions person without first obtaining a BIS field to the Entity List to further
■ Accordingly, pursuant to the authority license present an unacceptable risk of implement the Russian industry sector
delegated to me by the Administrator, use in, or diversion to, the activities sanctions. This Russian field will be
the following special conditions are specified in the Russian industry sector listed on the Entity List under the
issued as part of the type certification sanctions. Thus, as part of the BIS ‘‘is destination of Russia.
basis for the Bombardier Inc. Models informed’’ process, this final rule adds
this Russian field to the Entity List to Entity List
BD–700–2A12 and BD–700–2A13 series
airplanes. further implement the Russian industry The Entity List (Supplement No. 4 to
sector sanctions. This Russian field will Part 744) identifies entities and other
rmajette on DSK2TPTVN1PROD with RULES
1. In addition to the requirements of
§§ 25.143, 25.671, and 25.672, the be listed on the Entity List under the persons reasonably believed to be
following requirements apply: destination of Russia. This final rule involved, or to pose a significant risk of
a. The system design must ensure that clarifies the introductory text of the being or becoming involved, in
the flightcrew is made suitably aware Entity List to specify that the embargoes activities contrary to the national
whenever the primary control means and other special controls part of the security or foreign policy interests of the
nears the limit of control authority. EAR is also used to add entities to the United States. The EAR imposes
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Document Created: 2015-12-15 10:57:23
Document Modified: 2015-12-15 10:57:23
| Category | Regulatory Information | |
| Collection | Federal Register | |
| sudoc Class | AE 2.7: GS 4.107: AE 2.106: | |
| Publisher | Office of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Administration | |
| Section | Rules and Regulations | |
| Action | Final special conditions; request for comments. | |
| Dates | This action is effective on Bombardier Inc. on August 7, 2015. We must receive your comments by September 21, 2015. | |
| Contact | Joe Jacobsen, FAA, Airplane and Flightcrew Interface Branch, ANM-111, Transport Airplane Directorate, Aircraft Certification Service, 1601 Lind Avenue SW., Renton, Washington 98057-3356; telephone 425-227-2011; facsimile 425-227-1149. | |
| FR Citation | 80 FR 47400 | |
| CFR Associated | Aircraft; Aviation Safety and Reporting and Recordkeeping Requirements |
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