80_FR_50095 80 FR 49936 - Special Conditions: Gulfstream Model GVII-G500 Airplanes, Automatic Speed Protection for Design Dive Speed

80 FR 49936 - Special Conditions: Gulfstream Model GVII-G500 Airplanes, Automatic Speed Protection for Design Dive Speed

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Federal Aviation Administration

Federal Register Volume 80, Issue 159 (August 18, 2015)

Page Range49936-49938
FR Document2015-20297

This action proposes special conditions for the Gulfstream Model GVII-G500 airplanes. These airplanes will have a novel or unusual design feature associated with a reduced margin between design cruising speed, V<INF>C</INF>/M<INF>C</INF>, and design diving speed, V<INF>D</INF>/M<INF>D</INF>, based on the incorporation of a high-speed protection system that limits nose-down pilot authority at speeds above V<INF>C</INF>/M<INF>C</INF>. The applicable airworthiness regulations do not contain adequate or appropriate safety standards for this design feature. These proposed special conditions contain the additional safety standards that the Administrator considers necessary to establish a level of safety equivalent to that established by the existing airworthiness standards.

Federal Register, Volume 80 Issue 159 (Tuesday, August 18, 2015)
[Federal Register Volume 80, Number 159 (Tuesday, August 18, 2015)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 49936-49938]
From the Federal Register Online  [www.thefederalregister.org]
[FR Doc No: 2015-20297]


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DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

Federal Aviation Administration

14 CFR Part 25

[Docket No. FAA-2015-1482; Notice No. 25-15-08-SC]


Special Conditions: Gulfstream Model GVII-G500 Airplanes, 
Automatic Speed Protection for Design Dive Speed

AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT.

ACTION: Notice of proposed special conditions.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

SUMMARY: This action proposes special conditions for the Gulfstream 
Model GVII-G500 airplanes. These airplanes will have a novel or unusual 
design feature associated with a reduced margin between design cruising 
speed, VC/MC, and design diving speed, 
VD/MD, based on the incorporation of a high-speed 
protection system that limits nose-down pilot authority at speeds above 
VC/MC. The applicable airworthiness regulations 
do not contain adequate or appropriate safety standards for this design 
feature. These proposed special conditions contain the additional 
safety standards that the Administrator considers necessary to 
establish a level of safety equivalent to that established by the 
existing airworthiness standards.

DATES: Send your comments on or before October 2, 2015.

ADDRESSES: Send comments identified by docket number FAA-2015-1482 
using any of the following methods:
     Federal eRegulations Portal: Go to http://www.regulations.gov/ and follow the online instructions for sending 
your comments electronically.
     Mail: Send comments to Docket Operations, M-30, U.S. 
Department of Transportation (DOT), 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE., Room 
W12-140, West Building Ground Floor, Washington, DC 20590-0001.
     Hand Delivery or Courier: Take comments to Docket 
Operations in Room W12-140 of the West Building Ground Floor at 1200 
New Jersey Avenue SE., Washington, DC, between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., 
Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays.
     Fax: Fax comments to Docket Operations at 202-493-2251.
    Privacy: The FAA will post all comments it receives, without 
change, to http://www.regulations.gov/, including any personal 
information the commenter provides. Using the search function of the 
docket Web site, anyone can find and read the electronic form of all 
comments received into any FAA docket, including the name of the 
individual sending the comment (or signing the comment for an 
association, business, labor union, etc.). DOT's complete Privacy Act 
Statement can be found in the Federal Register published on April 11, 
2000 (65 FR 19477-19478), as well as at http://DocketsInfo.dot.gov/.
    Docket: Background documents or comments received may be read at 
http://www.regulations.gov/ at any time. Follow the online instructions 
for accessing the docket or go to Docket Operations in Room W12-140 of 
the West Building Ground Floor at 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE., 
Washington, DC, between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through Friday, 
except Federal holidays.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Walt Sippel, FAA, Airframe and Cabin 
Safety Branch, ANM-115, Transport Airplane Directorate, Aircraft 
Certification Service, 1601 Lind Avenue SW., Renton, Washington 98057-
3356; telephone 425-227-2774; facsimile 425-227-1232.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Comments Invited

    We invite interested people to take part in this rulemaking by 
sending written comments, data, or views. The most helpful comments 
reference a specific portion of the special conditions, explain the 
reason for any recommended change, and include supporting data.
    We will consider all comments we receive by the closing date for 
comments. We may change these special conditions based on the comments 
we receive.

Background

    On March 29, 2012, Gulfstream Aerospace Corporation applied for a 
type certificate for their new Model GVII-G500 airplane. The Model 
GVII-G500 airplane will be a large-cabin business jet with seating for 
19 passengers. It will incorporate a low, swept-wing design with 
winglets and a T-tail. The powerplant will consist of two aft-fuselage-
mounted Pratt & Whitney turbofan engines. Avionics will include four 
primary display units and multiple touchscreen controllers. The flight-
control system is a three-axis, fly-by-wire system incorporating active 
control/coupled side sticks.
    The Model GVII-G500 will have a wingspan of approximately 87 feet 
and a length of just over 91 feet. Maximum takeoff weight will be 
approximately 76,850 pounds and maximum takeoff thrust will be 
approximately 15,135 pounds. Maximum range will be

[[Page 49937]]

approximately 5,000 nautical miles, and maximum operating altitude will 
be 51,000 feet.

Type Certification Basis

    Under the provisions ofTitle 14, Code of Federal Regulations (14 
CFR) 21.17, Gulfstream must show that the Model GVII-G500 airplane 
meets the applicable provisions of part 25 as amended by Amendments 25-
1 through 25-137.
    In addition, the certification basis includes other regulations, 
special conditions, and exemptions that are not relevant to these 
proposed special conditions.
    If the Administrator finds that the applicable airworthiness 
regulations (i.e., 14 CFR part 25) do not contain adequate or 
appropriate safety standards for Model GVII-G500 airplanes because of a 
novel or unusual design feature, special conditions are prescribed 
under the provisions of Sec.  21.16.
    Special conditions are initially applicable to the model for which 
they are issued. Should the type certificate for that model be amended 
later to include any other model that incorporates the same novel or 
unusual design feature, the special conditions would also apply to the 
other model under Sec.  21.101.
    In addition to the applicable airworthiness regulations and special 
conditions, the Model GVII-G500 airplane must comply with the fuel-vent 
and exhaust-emission requirements of 14 CFR part 34, and the noise-
certification requirements of 14 CFR part 36; and the FAA must issue a 
finding of regulatory adequacy under Sec.  611 of Public Law 92-574, 
the ``Noise Control Act of 1972.''
    The FAA issues special conditions, as defined in 14 CFR 11.19, in 
accordance with Sec.  11.38, and they become part of the type 
certification basis under Sec.  21.17(a)(2).

Novel or Unusual Design Features

    The Model GVII-G500 airplane will incorporate the following novel 
or unusual design features:
    Gulfstream proposes to reduce the margin between VC/
MC and VD/MD, required by 14 CFR 
25.335(b), based on the incorporation of a high-speed protection system 
in the airplane's flight-control laws. The high-speed protection system 
limits nose-down pilot authority at speeds above VC/
MC, and prevents the airplane from performing the maneuver 
required under Sec.  25.335(b)(1).
    These proposed special conditions contain the additional safety 
standards that the Administrator considers necessary to establish a 
level of safety equivalent to that established by the existing 
airworthiness standards.

Discussion

    Title 14, Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR) 25.335(b)(1) is an 
analytical envelope condition which was originally adopted in Part 4b 
of the Civil Air Regulations to provide an acceptable speed margin 
between design cruise speed and design dive speed. Flutter clearance 
design speeds and airframe design loads are impacted by the design dive 
speed. While the initial condition for the upset specified in the rule 
is 1g level flight, protection is afforded for other inadvertent 
overspeed conditions as well. Section 25.335(b)(1) is intended as a 
conservative enveloping condition for potential overspeed conditions, 
including non-symmetric ones. To establish that potential overspeed 
conditions are enveloped, Gulfstream must demonstrate that any reduced 
speed margin based on the high-speed protection system in the Model 
GVII-G500 airplane will not be exceeded in inadvertent or gust-induced 
upsets resulting in initiation of the dive from non-symmetric 
attitudes; or that the airplane is protected by the flight-control laws 
from getting into non-symmetric upset conditions. Gulfstream must 
conduct a demonstration that includes a comprehensive set of conditions 
as described below.
    These special conditions are proposed in lieu of Sec.  
25.335(b)(1). Section 25.335(b)(2), which also addresses the design 
dive speed, is applied separately (Advisory Circular (AC) 25.335-1A 
provides an acceptable means of compliance to Sec.  25.335(b)(2)).
    Special conditions are necessary to address the Model GVII-G500 
airplane high-speed protection system.These proposed special conditions 
identify various symmetric and non-symmetric maneuvers that will ensure 
that an appropriate design dive speed, VD/MD, is 
established.
    Special Condition 2 of these proposed special conditions references 
AC 25-7C, section 8, paragraph 32, ``Gust Upset,'' included here for 
reference:
    In the following three upset tests, the values of displacement 
should be appropriate to the airplane type and should depend upon 
airplane stability and inertia characteristics. The lower and upper 
limits should be used for airplanes with low and high maneuverability, 
respectively.
    (i) With the airplane trimmed in wings-level flight, simulate a 
transient gust by rapidly rolling to the maximum bank angle appropriate 
for the airplane, but not less than 45 degrees nor more than 60 
degrees. The rudder and longitudinal control should be held fixed 
during the time that the required bank is being attained. The rolling 
velocity should be arrested at this bank angle. Following this, the 
controls should be abandoned for a minimum of 3 seconds after 
VMO/MMO, or after 10 seconds, whichever occurs 
first.
    (ii) Perform a longitudinal upset from normal cruise. Airplane trim 
is determined at VMO/MMO using power and thrust 
required for level flight, but with not more than maximum continuous 
power and thrust. This is followed by a decrease in speed, after which 
an attitude of 6 to l2 degrees nose down, as appropriate for the 
airplane type, is attained with the power, thrust, and trim initially 
required for VMO/MMO in level flight. The 
airplane is permitted to accelerate until 3 seconds after 
VMO/MMO. The force limits of Sec.  25.143(d) for 
short term application apply.
    (iii) Perform a two-axis upset, consisting of combined longitudinal 
and lateral upsets. Perform the longitudinal upset, as in paragraph 
(ii) above, and when the pitch attitude is set, but before reaching 
VMO/MMO, roll the airplane to between 15 and 25 
degrees. The established attitude should be maintained until 3 seconds 
after VMO/MMO.
    Special Conditions 3 and 4 of these proposed special conditions 
indicate that failures of the high-speed protection system must be 
improbable and must be annunciated to the pilots. If these two criteria 
are not met, then the probability that the established dive speed will 
be exceeded, and the resulting risk to the airplane, are too great. On 
the other hand, if the high-speed protection system is known to be 
inoperative, then dispatch of the airplane may be acceptable as allowed 
by proposed Special Condition 5. Dispatch would only be acceptable if 
appropriate reduced operating speeds, VMO/MMO, as 
well as the overspeed warning for exceeding those speeds, are provided 
in both the airplane flight manual and on the flightdeck display, and 
are equivalent to that of the normal airplane with the high-speed 
protection system operative.
    We do not believe that application of the ``Interaction of Systems 
and Structures'' Special Conditions (reference GVI Issue Paper A-2), or 
EASA Certification Specification 25.302, are appropriate in this case, 
because design dive speed is, in and of itself, part of the design 
criteria. Stability and control, flight loads, and flutter evaluations 
all depend on the design dive speed. Therefore, a single design dive 
speed should be established

[[Page 49938]]

that will not be exceeded, taking into account the performance of the 
high-speed protection system as well as its failure modes, failure 
indications, and accompanying flight-manual instructions.

Applicability

    As discussed above, these special conditions are applicable to the 
Model GVII-G500 airplane. Should Gulfstream apply at a later date for a 
change to the type certificate to include another model incorporating 
the same novel or unusual design feature, the special conditions would 
apply to that model as well.

Conclusion

    This action affects only certain novel or unusual design features 
on one model of airplane. It is not a rule of general applicability.

List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 25

    Aircraft, Aviation safety, Reporting and recordkeeping 
requirements.

    The authority citation for these special conditions is as follows:

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701, 44702, 44704.

The Proposed Special Conditions

0
Accordingly, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) proposes the 
following special conditions as part of the type certification basis 
for Gulfstream Model GVII-G500 airplanes.
    1. In lieu of compliance with Sec.  25.335(b)(1), if the flight-
control system includes functions that act automatically to initiate 
recovery before the end of the 20-second period specified in Sec.  
25.335(b)(1), VD/MD must be determined from the 
greater of the speeds resulting from conditions (a) and (b) of these 
special cConditions. The speed increase occurring in these maneuvers 
may be calculated if reliable or conservative aerodynamic data are 
used.
    (a) From an initial condition of stabilized flight at 
VC/MC, the airplane is upset so as to take up a 
new flight path 7.5 degrees below the initial path. Control 
application, up to full authority, is made to try to maintain this new 
flight path. Twenty seconds after initiating the upset, manual recovery 
is made at a load factor of 1.5g (0.5 acceleration increment), or such 
greater load factor that is automatically applied by the system with 
the pilot's pitch control neutral. Power, as specified in Sec.  
25.175(b)(1)(iv), is assumed until recovery is initiated, at which time 
power reduction, and the use of pilot-controlled drag devices, may be 
used.
    (b) From a speed below VC/MC, with power to 
maintain stabilized level flight at this speed, the airplane is upset 
so as to accelerate through VC/MC at a flight 
path 15 degrees below the initial path (or at the steepest nose-down 
attitude that the system will permit with full control authority if 
less than 15 degrees). The pilot's controls may be in the neutral 
position after reaching VC/MC and before recovery 
is initiated. Recovery may be initiated 3 seconds after operation of 
the high-speed warning system by application of a load of 1.5g (0.5 
acceleration increment), or such greater load factor that is 
automatically applied by the system with the pilot's pitch control 
neutral. Power may be reduced simultaneously. All other means of 
decelerating the airplane, the use of which is authorized up to the 
highest speed reached in the maneuver, may be used. The interval 
between successive pilot actions must not be less than 1 second.
    2. The applicant must also demonstrate that the speed margin, 
established as above, will not be exceeded in inadvertent or gust-
induced upsets resulting in initiation of the dive from non-symmetric 
attitudes, unless the airplane is protected by the flight-control laws 
from getting into non-symmetric upset conditions. The upset maneuvers 
described in Advisory Circular 25-7C, ``Flight Test Guide for 
Certification of Transport Category Airplanes,'' section 8, paragraph 
32, sub-paragraphs c(3)(a), (b), and (c), may be used to comply with 
this requirement.
    3. The probability of any failure of the high-speed protection 
system, which would result in an airspeed exceeding those determined by 
Special Conditions 1 and 2, must be less than 10-5 per 
flight hour.
    4. Failures of the system must be annunciated to the pilots. Flight 
manual instructions must be provided that reduce the maximum operating 
speeds, VMO/MMO. With the system failed, the 
operating speed must be reduced to a value that maintains a speed 
margin between VMO/MMO and VD/
MD, and that is consistent with showing compliance with 
Sec.  25.335(b) without the benefit of the high-speed protection 
system.
    5. The applicant may request that the Master Minimum Equipment List 
relief for the high-speed protection system be considered by the FAA 
Flight Operations Evaluation Board, provided that the flight manual 
instructions indicate reduced maximum operating speeds as described in 
Special Condition 4. In addition, the flightdeck display of the reduced 
operating speeds, as well as the overspeed warning for exceeding those 
speeds, must be equivalent to that of the normal airplane with the 
high-speed protection system operative. Also, the applicant must show 
that no additional hazards are introduced with the high-speed 
protection system inoperative.

    Issued in Renton, Washington, on August 5, 2015.
Michael Kaszycki,
Acting Manager, Transport Airplane Directorate Aircraft Certification 
Service.
[FR Doc. 2015-20297 Filed 8-17-15; 8:45 am]
 BILLING CODE 4910-13-P



                                                      49936                  Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 159 / Tuesday, August 18, 2015 / Proposed Rules

                                                      Conclusion                                              DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION                          docket, including the name of the
                                                         This action affects only certain novel                                                                     individual sending the comment (or
                                                                                                              Federal Aviation Administration                       signing the comment for an association,
                                                      or unusual design features on
                                                      Gulfstream Model GVII–G500 airplanes.                                                                         business, labor union, etc.). DOT’s
                                                                                                              14 CFR Part 25                                        complete Privacy Act Statement can be
                                                      It is not a rule of general applicability.
                                                                                                              [Docket No. FAA–2015–1482; Notice No. 25–             found in the Federal Register published
                                                      List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 25                      15–08–SC]                                             on April 11, 2000 (65 FR 19477–19478),
                                                        Aircraft, Aviation safety, Reporting                                                                        as well as at http://DocketsInfo.dot
                                                      and recordkeeping requirements.                         Special Conditions: Gulfstream Model                  .gov/.
                                                                                                              GVII–G500 Airplanes, Automatic Speed                     Docket: Background documents or
                                                        The authority citation for these                                                                            comments received may be read at
                                                                                                              Protection for Design Dive Speed
                                                      special conditions is as follows:                                                                             http://www.regulations.gov/ at any time.
                                                        Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701,            AGENCY: Federal Aviation                              Follow the online instructions for
                                                      44702, 44704.                                           Administration (FAA), DOT.                            accessing the docket or go to Docket
                                                                                                              ACTION: Notice of proposed special                    Operations in Room W12–140 of the
                                                      The Proposed Special Conditions                         conditions.                                           West Building Ground Floor at 1200
                                                        The current airworthiness regulations                                                                       New Jersey Avenue SE., Washington,
                                                      pertaining to pilot strength and                        SUMMARY:   This action proposes special
                                                                                                              conditions for the Gulfstream Model                   DC, between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday
                                                      controllability for conventional-control                                                                      through Friday, except Federal holidays.
                                                      column-and-wheel designs do not                         GVII–G500 airplanes. These airplanes
                                                                                                              will have a novel or unusual design                   FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Walt
                                                      adequately address the side-stick
                                                                                                              feature associated with a reduced                     Sippel, FAA, Airframe and Cabin Safety
                                                      controllers proposed for the Gulfstream
                                                                                                              margin between design cruising speed,                 Branch, ANM–115, Transport Airplane
                                                      Model GVII–G500 airplane.
                                                                                                              VC/MC, and design diving speed, VD/                   Directorate, Aircraft Certification
                                                      Accordingly, the FAA proposes the
                                                                                                              MD, based on the incorporation of a                   Service, 1601 Lind Avenue SW.,
                                                      following special conditions as part of
                                                                                                              high-speed protection system that limits              Renton, Washington 98057–3356;
                                                      the type certification basis for
                                                                                                              nose-down pilot authority at speeds                   telephone 425–227–2774; facsimile
                                                      Gulfstream GVII–G500 airplanes, in lieu
                                                                                                              above VC/MC. The applicable                           425–227–1232.
                                                      of §§ 25.143(d), 25.143(i)(2), 25.145(b),
                                                      25.173(c), 25.175(b), and 25.175(d):                    airworthiness regulations do not contain              SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
                                                        Pilot strength: In lieu of the control-               adequate or appropriate safety standards
                                                                                                              for this design feature. These proposed               Comments Invited
                                                      force limits shown in § 25.143(d) for
                                                      pitch and roll, and in lieu of specific                 special conditions contain the                          We invite interested people to take
                                                      pitch-force requirements of                             additional safety standards that the                  part in this rulemaking by sending
                                                      §§ 25.143(i)(2), 25.145(b), 25.173(c),                  Administrator considers necessary to                  written comments, data, or views. The
                                                      25.175(b), and 25.175(d), Gulfstream                    establish a level of safety equivalent to             most helpful comments reference a
                                                      must show that the temporary and                        that established by the existing                      specific portion of the special
                                                      maximum prolonged-force levels for the                  airworthiness standards.                              conditions, explain the reason for any
                                                      side-stick controllers are suitable for all             DATES: Send your comments on or                       recommended change, and include
                                                      expected operating conditions and                       before October 2, 2015.                               supporting data.
                                                      configurations, whether normal or non-                  ADDRESSES: Send comments identified                     We will consider all comments we
                                                      normal.                                                 by docket number FAA–2015–1482                        receive by the closing date for
                                                        Pilot-control authority: The electronic               using any of the following methods:                   comments. We may change these special
                                                      side-stick-controller coupling design                     • Federal eRegulations Portal: Go to                conditions based on the comments we
                                                      must provide for corrective and                         http://www.regulations.gov/ and follow                receive.
                                                      overriding control inputs by either pilot               the online instructions for sending your              Background
                                                      with no unsafe characteristics.                         comments electronically.
                                                      Annunciation of the controller status                     • Mail: Send comments to Docket                        On March 29, 2012, Gulfstream
                                                                                                              Operations, M–30, U.S. Department of                  Aerospace Corporation applied for a
                                                      must be provided, and must not be
                                                                                                              Transportation (DOT), 1200 New Jersey                 type certificate for their new Model
                                                      confusing to the flightcrew.
                                                                                                              Avenue SE., Room W12–140, West                        GVII–G500 airplane. The Model GVII–
                                                        Pilot control: Gulfstream must show
                                                                                                              Building Ground Floor, Washington, DC                 G500 airplane will be a large-cabin
                                                      by flight tests that the use of side-stick
                                                                                                              20590–0001.                                           business jet with seating for 19
                                                      controllers does not produce unsuitable
                                                      pilot-in-the-loop control characteristics                 • Hand Delivery or Courier: Take                    passengers. It will incorporate a low,
                                                                                                              comments to Docket Operations in                      swept-wing design with winglets and a
                                                      when considering precision path control
                                                                                                              Room W12–140 of the West Building                     T-tail. The powerplant will consist of
                                                      and tasks, and turbulence. In addition,
                                                                                                              Ground Floor at 1200 New Jersey                       two aft-fuselage-mounted Pratt &
                                                      pitch and roll control force and
                                                                                                              Avenue SE., Washington, DC, between 9                 Whitney turbofan engines. Avionics will
                                                      displacement sensitivity must be
                                                                                                              a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through                       include four primary display units and
                                                      compatible, so that normal pilot inputs
                                                                                                              Friday, except Federal holidays.                      multiple touchscreen controllers. The
                                                      on one control axis will not cause
                                                                                                                • Fax: Fax comments to Docket                       flight-control system is a three-axis, fly-
asabaliauskas on DSK5VPTVN1PROD with PROPOSALS




                                                      significant unintentional inputs
                                                                                                              Operations at 202–493–2251.                           by-wire system incorporating active
                                                      (crossover) on the other.
                                                                                                                 Privacy: The FAA will post all                     control/coupled side sticks.
                                                         Issued in Renton, Washington, on August              comments it receives, without change,                    The Model GVII–G500 will have a
                                                      5, 2015.                                                to http://www.regulations.gov/,                       wingspan of approximately 87 feet and
                                                      Michael Kaszycki,                                       including any personal information the                a length of just over 91 feet. Maximum
                                                      Acting Manager, Transport Airplane                      commenter provides. Using the search                  takeoff weight will be approximately
                                                      Directorate, Aircraft Certification Service.            function of the docket Web site, anyone               76,850 pounds and maximum takeoff
                                                      [FR Doc. 2015–20298 Filed 8–17–15; 8:45 am]             can find and read the electronic form of              thrust will be approximately 15,135
                                                      BILLING CODE 4910–13–P                                  all comments received into any FAA                    pounds. Maximum range will be


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                                                                             Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 159 / Tuesday, August 18, 2015 / Proposed Rules                                           49937

                                                      approximately 5,000 nautical miles, and                 necessary to establish a level of safety              than 60 degrees. The rudder and
                                                      maximum operating altitude will be                      equivalent to that established by the                 longitudinal control should be held
                                                      51,000 feet.                                            existing airworthiness standards.                     fixed during the time that the required
                                                                                                                                                                    bank is being attained. The rolling
                                                      Type Certification Basis                                Discussion
                                                                                                                                                                    velocity should be arrested at this bank
                                                         Under the provisions ofTitle 14, Code                   Title 14, Code of Federal Regulations              angle. Following this, the controls
                                                      of Federal Regulations (14 CFR) 21.17,                  (14 CFR) 25.335(b)(1) is an analytical                should be abandoned for a minimum of
                                                      Gulfstream must show that the Model                     envelope condition which was                          3 seconds after VMO/MMO, or after 10
                                                      GVII–G500 airplane meets the                            originally adopted in Part 4b of the Civil            seconds, whichever occurs first.
                                                      applicable provisions of part 25 as                     Air Regulations to provide an acceptable                 (ii) Perform a longitudinal upset from
                                                      amended by Amendments 25–1 through                      speed margin between design cruise                    normal cruise. Airplane trim is
                                                      25–137.                                                 speed and design dive speed. Flutter                  determined at VMO/MMO using power
                                                         In addition, the certification basis                 clearance design speeds and airframe                  and thrust required for level flight, but
                                                      includes other regulations, special                     design loads are impacted by the design               with not more than maximum
                                                      conditions, and exemptions that are not                 dive speed. While the initial condition               continuous power and thrust. This is
                                                      relevant to these proposed special                      for the upset specified in the rule is 1g             followed by a decrease in speed, after
                                                      conditions.                                             level flight, protection is afforded for              which an attitude of 6 to l2 degrees nose
                                                         If the Administrator finds that the                  other inadvertent overspeed conditions                down, as appropriate for the airplane
                                                      applicable airworthiness regulations                    as well. Section 25.335(b)(1) is intended             type, is attained with the power, thrust,
                                                      (i.e., 14 CFR part 25) do not contain                   as a conservative enveloping condition                and trim initially required for VMO/MMO
                                                      adequate or appropriate safety standards                for potential overspeed conditions,                   in level flight. The airplane is permitted
                                                      for Model GVII–G500 airplanes because                   including non-symmetric ones. To                      to accelerate until 3 seconds after VMO/
                                                      of a novel or unusual design feature,                   establish that potential overspeed                    MMO. The force limits of § 25.143(d) for
                                                      special conditions are prescribed under                 conditions are enveloped, Gulfstream                  short term application apply.
                                                      the provisions of § 21.16.                              must demonstrate that any reduced                        (iii) Perform a two-axis upset,
                                                         Special conditions are initially                     speed margin based on the high-speed                  consisting of combined longitudinal and
                                                      applicable to the model for which they                  protection system in the Model GVII–                  lateral upsets. Perform the longitudinal
                                                      are issued. Should the type certificate                 G500 airplane will not be exceeded in                 upset, as in paragraph (ii) above, and
                                                      for that model be amended later to                      inadvertent or gust-induced upsets                    when the pitch attitude is set, but before
                                                      include any other model that                            resulting in initiation of the dive from              reaching VMO/MMO, roll the airplane to
                                                      incorporates the same novel or unusual                  non-symmetric attitudes; or that the                  between 15 and 25 degrees. The
                                                      design feature, the special conditions                  airplane is protected by the flight-                  established attitude should be
                                                      would also apply to the other model                     control laws from getting into non-                   maintained until 3 seconds after VMO/
                                                      under § 21.101.                                         symmetric upset conditions. Gulfstream                MMO.
                                                         In addition to the applicable                        must conduct a demonstration that                        Special Conditions 3 and 4 of these
                                                      airworthiness regulations and special                   includes a comprehensive set of                       proposed special conditions indicate
                                                      conditions, the Model GVII–G500                         conditions as described below.                        that failures of the high-speed
                                                      airplane must comply with the fuel-vent                    These special conditions are proposed              protection system must be improbable
                                                      and exhaust-emission requirements of                    in lieu of § 25.335(b)(1). Section                    and must be annunciated to the pilots.
                                                      14 CFR part 34, and the noise-                          25.335(b)(2), which also addresses the                If these two criteria are not met, then the
                                                      certification requirements of 14 CFR                    design dive speed, is applied separately              probability that the established dive
                                                      part 36; and the FAA must issue a                       (Advisory Circular (AC) 25.335–1A                     speed will be exceeded, and the
                                                      finding of regulatory adequacy under                    provides an acceptable means of                       resulting risk to the airplane, are too
                                                      § 611 of Public Law 92–574, the ‘‘Noise                 compliance to § 25.335(b)(2)).                        great. On the other hand, if the high-
                                                      Control Act of 1972.’’                                     Special conditions are necessary to                speed protection system is known to be
                                                         The FAA issues special conditions, as                address the Model GVII–G500 airplane                  inoperative, then dispatch of the
                                                      defined in 14 CFR 11.19, in accordance                  high-speed protection system.These                    airplane may be acceptable as allowed
                                                      with § 11.38, and they become part of                   proposed special conditions identify                  by proposed Special Condition 5.
                                                      the type certification basis under                      various symmetric and non-symmetric                   Dispatch would only be acceptable if
                                                      § 21.17(a)(2).                                          maneuvers that will ensure that an                    appropriate reduced operating speeds,
                                                                                                              appropriate design dive speed, VD/MD,                 VMO/MMO, as well as the overspeed
                                                      Novel or Unusual Design Features                                                                              warning for exceeding those speeds, are
                                                                                                              is established.
                                                         The Model GVII–G500 airplane will                       Special Condition 2 of these proposed              provided in both the airplane flight
                                                      incorporate the following novel or                      special conditions references AC 25–7C,               manual and on the flightdeck display,
                                                      unusual design features:                                section 8, paragraph 32, ‘‘Gust Upset,’’              and are equivalent to that of the normal
                                                         Gulfstream proposes to reduce the                    included here for reference:                          airplane with the high-speed protection
                                                      margin between VC/MC and VD/MD,                            In the following three upset tests, the            system operative.
                                                      required by 14 CFR 25.335(b), based on                  values of displacement should be                         We do not believe that application of
                                                      the incorporation of a high-speed                       appropriate to the airplane type and                  the ‘‘Interaction of Systems and
                                                      protection system in the airplane’s                     should depend upon airplane stability                 Structures’’ Special Conditions
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                                                      flight-control laws. The high-speed                     and inertia characteristics. The lower                (reference GVI Issue Paper A–2), or
                                                      protection system limits nose-down                      and upper limits should be used for                   EASA Certification Specification
                                                      pilot authority at speeds above VC/MC,                  airplanes with low and high                           25.302, are appropriate in this case,
                                                      and prevents the airplane from                          maneuverability, respectively.                        because design dive speed is, in and of
                                                      performing the maneuver required                           (i) With the airplane trimmed in                   itself, part of the design criteria.
                                                      under § 25.335(b)(1).                                   wings-level flight, simulate a transient              Stability and control, flight loads, and
                                                         These proposed special conditions                    gust by rapidly rolling to the maximum                flutter evaluations all depend on the
                                                      contain the additional safety standards                 bank angle appropriate for the airplane,              design dive speed. Therefore, a single
                                                      that the Administrator considers                        but not less than 45 degrees nor more                 design dive speed should be established


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                                                      49938                  Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 159 / Tuesday, August 18, 2015 / Proposed Rules

                                                      that will not be exceeded, taking into                     (b) From a speed below VC/MC, with                 exceeding those speeds, must be
                                                      account the performance of the high-                    power to maintain stabilized level flight             equivalent to that of the normal airplane
                                                      speed protection system as well as its                  at this speed, the airplane is upset so as            with the high-speed protection system
                                                      failure modes, failure indications, and                 to accelerate through VC/MC at a flight               operative. Also, the applicant must
                                                      accompanying flight-manual                              path 15 degrees below the initial path                show that no additional hazards are
                                                      instructions.                                           (or at the steepest nose-down attitude                introduced with the high-speed
                                                                                                              that the system will permit with full                 protection system inoperative.
                                                      Applicability                                           control authority if less than 15                        Issued in Renton, Washington, on August
                                                        As discussed above, these special                     degrees). The pilot’s controls may be in              5, 2015.
                                                      conditions are applicable to the Model                  the neutral position after reaching VC/               Michael Kaszycki,
                                                      GVII–G500 airplane. Should Gulfstream                   MC and before recovery is initiated.                  Acting Manager, Transport Airplane
                                                      apply at a later date for a change to the               Recovery may be initiated 3 seconds                   Directorate Aircraft Certification Service.
                                                      type certificate to include another                     after operation of the high-speed                     [FR Doc. 2015–20297 Filed 8–17–15; 8:45 am]
                                                      model incorporating the same novel or                   warning system by application of a load
                                                                                                                                                                    BILLING CODE 4910–13–P
                                                      unusual design feature, the special                     of 1.5g (0.5 acceleration increment), or
                                                      conditions would apply to that model as                 such greater load factor that is
                                                      well.                                                   automatically applied by the system                   DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
                                                                                                              with the pilot’s pitch control neutral.
                                                      Conclusion                                              Power may be reduced simultaneously.                  Federal Aviation Administration
                                                        This action affects only certain novel                All other means of decelerating the
                                                      or unusual design features on one model                 airplane, the use of which is authorized              14 CFR Part 25
                                                      of airplane. It is not a rule of general                up to the highest speed reached in the
                                                                                                                                                                    [Docket No. FAA–2015–2271; Notice No. 25–
                                                      applicability.                                          maneuver, may be used. The interval                   15–06–SC]
                                                                                                              between successive pilot actions must
                                                      List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 25
                                                                                                              not be less than 1 second.                            Special Conditions: Cessna Airplane
                                                        Aircraft, Aviation safety, Reporting                     2. The applicant must also                         Company Model 680A Airplane, Side-
                                                      and recordkeeping requirements.                         demonstrate that the speed margin,                    Facing Seats Equipped With Airbag
                                                        The authority citation for these                      established as above, will not be                     Systems
                                                      special conditions is as follows:                       exceeded in inadvertent or gust-induced
                                                                                                              upsets resulting in initiation of the dive            AGENCY: Federal Aviation
                                                        Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701,                                                                  Administration (FAA), DOT.
                                                                                                              from non-symmetric attitudes, unless
                                                      44702, 44704.
                                                                                                              the airplane is protected by the flight-              ACTION: Notice of proposed special
                                                      The Proposed Special Conditions                         control laws from getting into non-                   conditions.
                                                                                                              symmetric upset conditions. The upset
                                                      ■  Accordingly, the Federal Aviation                    maneuvers described in Advisory                       SUMMARY:   This action proposes special
                                                      Administration (FAA) proposes the                       Circular 25–7C, ‘‘Flight Test Guide for               conditions for the Cessna Model 680A
                                                      following special conditions as part of                 Certification of Transport Category                   airplane. This airplane will have novel
                                                      the type certification basis for                        Airplanes,’’ section 8, paragraph 32,                 or unusual design features when
                                                      Gulfstream Model GVII–G500 airplanes.                   sub-paragraphs c(3)(a), (b), and (c), may             compared to the state of technology
                                                         1. In lieu of compliance with                        be used to comply with this                           envisioned in the airworthiness
                                                      § 25.335(b)(1), if the flight-control                   requirement.                                          standards for transport-category
                                                      system includes functions that act                         3. The probability of any failure of the           airplanes. This design features side-
                                                      automatically to initiate recovery before               high-speed protection system, which                   facing seats equipped with airbag
                                                      the end of the 20-second period                         would result in an airspeed exceeding                 systems. The applicable airworthiness
                                                      specified in § 25.335(b)(1), VD/MD must                 those determined by Special Conditions                regulations do not contain adequate or
                                                      be determined from the greater of the                   1 and 2, must be less than 10¥5 per                   appropriate safety standards for this
                                                      speeds resulting from conditions (a) and                flight hour.                                          design feature. These proposed special
                                                      (b) of these special cConditions. The                      4. Failures of the system must be                  conditions contain the additional safety
                                                      speed increase occurring in these                       annunciated to the pilots. Flight manual              standards that the Administrator
                                                      maneuvers may be calculated if reliable                 instructions must be provided that                    considers necessary to establish a level
                                                      or conservative aerodynamic data are                    reduce the maximum operating speeds,                  of safety equivalent to that established
                                                      used.                                                   VMO/MMO. With the system failed, the                  by the existing airworthiness standards.
                                                         (a) From an initial condition of                     operating speed must be reduced to a                  DATES: Send your comments on or
                                                      stabilized flight at VC/MC, the airplane                value that maintains a speed margin                   before October 2, 2015.
                                                      is upset so as to take up a new flight                  between VMO/MMO and VD/MD, and that                   ADDRESSES: Send comments identified
                                                      path 7.5 degrees below the initial path.                is consistent with showing compliance                 by docket number FAA–2015–2271
                                                      Control application, up to full authority,              with § 25.335(b) without the benefit of               using any of the following methods:
                                                      is made to try to maintain this new                     the high-speed protection system.                       • Federal eRegulations Portal: Go to
                                                      flight path. Twenty seconds after                          5. The applicant may request that the              http://www.regulations.gov/ and follow
                                                      initiating the upset, manual recovery is                Master Minimum Equipment List relief                  the online instructions for sending your
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                                                      made at a load factor of 1.5g (0.5                      for the high-speed protection system be               comments electronically.
                                                      acceleration increment), or such greater                considered by the FAA Flight                            • Mail: Send comments to Docket
                                                      load factor that is automatically applied               Operations Evaluation Board, provided                 Operations, M–30, U.S. Department of
                                                      by the system with the pilot’s pitch                    that the flight manual instructions                   Transportation (DOT), 1200 New Jersey
                                                      control neutral. Power, as specified in                 indicate reduced maximum operating                    Avenue SE., Room W12–140, West
                                                      § 25.175(b)(1)(iv), is assumed until                    speeds as described in Special                        Building Ground Floor, Washington, DC
                                                      recovery is initiated, at which time                    Condition 4. In addition, the flightdeck              20590–0001.
                                                      power reduction, and the use of pilot-                  display of the reduced operating speeds,                • Hand Delivery or Courier: Take
                                                      controlled drag devices, may be used.                   as well as the overspeed warning for                  comments to Docket Operations in


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Document Created: 2015-12-15 12:05:00
Document Modified: 2015-12-15 12:05:00
CategoryRegulatory Information
CollectionFederal Register
sudoc ClassAE 2.7:
GS 4.107:
AE 2.106:
PublisherOffice of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Administration
SectionProposed Rules
ActionNotice of proposed special conditions.
DatesSend your comments on or before October 2, 2015.
ContactWalt Sippel, FAA, Airframe and Cabin Safety Branch, ANM-115, Transport Airplane Directorate, Aircraft Certification Service, 1601 Lind Avenue SW., Renton, Washington 98057- 3356; telephone 425-227-2774; facsimile 425-227-1232.
FR Citation80 FR 49936 
CFR AssociatedAircraft; Aviation Safety and Reporting and Recordkeeping Requirements

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