81_FR_48846 81 FR 48703 - Physical Medicine Devices; Reclassification of Iontophoresis Device Intended for Any Other Purposes

81 FR 48703 - Physical Medicine Devices; Reclassification of Iontophoresis Device Intended for Any Other Purposes

DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
Food and Drug Administration

Federal Register Volume 81, Issue 143 (July 26, 2016)

Page Range48703-48707
FR Document2016-17609

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is issuing a final order to reclassify iontophoresis devices intended for any other purposes, which are preamendments class III devices (regulated under product code EGJ), into class II (special controls) and to amend the device identification to clarify that devices intended to deliver specific drugs are not considered part of this regulatory classification.

Federal Register, Volume 81 Issue 143 (Tuesday, July 26, 2016)
[Federal Register Volume 81, Number 143 (Tuesday, July 26, 2016)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 48703-48707]
From the Federal Register Online  [www.thefederalregister.org]
[FR Doc No: 2016-17609]


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DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES

Food and Drug Administration

21 CFR Part 890

[Docket No. FDA-2000-N-0158]


Physical Medicine Devices; Reclassification of Iontophoresis 
Device Intended for Any Other Purposes

AGENCY: Food and Drug Administration, HHS.

ACTION: Final order.

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SUMMARY: The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is issuing a final 
order to reclassify iontophoresis devices intended for any other 
purposes, which are preamendments class III devices (regulated under 
product code EGJ), into class II (special controls) and to amend the 
device identification to clarify that devices intended to deliver 
specific drugs are not considered part of this regulatory 
classification.

DATES: This order is effective on July 26, 2016.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Jismi Johnson, Center for Devices and 
Radiological Health, 10903 New Hampshire Ave., Bldg. 66, Rm. 1524, 
Silver Spring, MD 20993, 301-796-6424, jismi.johnson@fda.hhs.gov.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

I. Background--Regulatory Authorities

    The Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (the FD&C Act), as amended 
by the Medical Device Amendments of 1976 (the 1976 amendments) (Pub. L. 
94-295), the Safe Medical Devices Act of 1990 (Pub. L. 101-629), the 
Food and Drug Administration Modernization Act

[[Page 48704]]

of 1997 (Pub. L. 105-115), the Medical Device User Fee and 
Modernization Act of 2002 (Pub. L. 107-250), the Medical Devices 
Technical Corrections Act (Pub. L. 108-214), the Food and Drug 
Administration Amendments Act of 2007 (Pub. L. 110-85), and the Food 
and Drug Administration Safety and Innovation Act (FDASIA) (Pub. L. 
112-144), among other amendments, established a comprehensive system 
for the regulation of medical devices intended for human use. Section 
513 of the FD&C Act (21 U.S.C. 360c) established three categories 
(classes) of devices, reflecting the regulatory controls needed to 
provide reasonable assurance of their safety and effectiveness. The 
three categories of devices are class I (general controls), class II 
(special controls), and class III (premarket approval).
    Under section 513(d) of the FD&C Act, devices that were in 
commercial distribution before the enactment of the 1976 amendments, 
May 28, 1976 (generally referred to as preamendments devices), are 
classified after FDA has: (1) Received a recommendation from a device 
classification panel (an FDA advisory committee); (2) published the 
panel's recommendation for comment, along with a proposed regulation 
classifying the device; and (3) published a final regulation 
classifying the device. FDA has classified most preamendments devices 
under these procedures.
    A preamendments device that has been classified into class III and 
devices found substantially equivalent by means of premarket 
notification procedures (510(k)) to such a preamendments device or to a 
device within that type (both the preamendments and substantially 
equivalent devices are referred to as preamendments class III devices) 
may be marketed without submission of a premarket approval application 
(PMA) until FDA issues a final order under section 515(b) of the FD&C 
Act (21 U.S.C. 360e(b)) requiring premarket approval or until the 
device is subsequently reclassified into class I or class II.
    Devices that were not in commercial distribution prior to May 28, 
1976 (generally referred to as postamendments devices) are 
automatically classified by section 513(f) of the FD&C Act into class 
III without any FDA rulemaking process. Those devices remain in class 
III and require premarket approval unless, and until, the device is 
reclassified into class I or II or FDA issues an order finding the 
device to be substantially equivalent, in accordance with section 
513(i) of the FD&C Act, to a predicate device that does not require 
premarket approval. The Agency determines whether new devices are 
substantially equivalent to predicate devices by means of premarket 
notification procedures in section 510(k) of the FD&C Act (21 U.S.C. 
360(k)) and part 807 (21 CFR part 807).
    On July 9, 2012, FDASIA was enacted. Section 608(a) of FDASIA 
amended section 513(e) of the FD&C Act, changing the mechanism for 
reclassifying a device under that section from rulemaking to an 
administrative order.
    Section 513(e) of the FD&C Act governs reclassification of 
classified devices. This section provides that FDA may, by 
administrative order, reclassify a device based on ``new information.'' 
FDA can initiate a reclassification under section 513(e) of the FD&C 
Act or an interested person may petition FDA to reclassify a 
preamendments device. The term ``new information,'' as used in section 
513(e), includes information developed as a result of a reevaluation of 
the data before the Agency when the device was originally classified, 
as well as information not presented, not available, or not developed 
at that time. (See, e.g., Holland-Rantos Co. v. United States 
Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, 587 F.2d 1173, 1174 n.1 
(D.C. Cir. 1978); Upjohn v. Finch, 422 F.2d 944 (6th Cir. 1970); Bell 
v. Goddard, 366 F.2d 177 (7th Cir. 1966).)
    Reevaluation of the data previously before the Agency is an 
appropriate basis for subsequent action where the reevaluation is made 
in light of newly available authority (see Bell, 366 F.2d at 181; 
Ethicon, Inc. v. FDA, 762 F.Supp. 382, 388-391 (D.D.C. 1991)), or in 
light of changes in ``medical science'' (Upjohn, 422 F.2d at 951). 
Whether data before the Agency are old or new data, the ``new 
information'' to support reclassification under section 513(e) must be 
``valid scientific evidence,'' as defined in section 513(a)(3) of the 
FD&C Act and 21 CFR 860.7(c)(2). (See, e.g., General Medical Co. v. 
FDA, 770 F.2d 214 (D.C. Cir. 1985); Contact Lens Association v. FDA, 
766 F.2d 592 (D.C. Cir. 1985), cert. denied, 474 U.S. 1062 (1986).)
    FDA relies upon ``valid scientific evidence'' in the classification 
process to determine the level of regulation for devices. To be 
considered in the reclassification process, the ``valid scientific 
evidence'' upon which the Agency relies must be publicly available. 
Publicly available information excludes trade secret and/or 
confidential commercial information, e.g., the contents of a pending 
PMA. (See section 520(c) of the FD&C Act (21 U.S.C. 360j(c)).)
    Section 513(e)(1) of the FD&C Act sets forth the process for 
issuing a final order to reclassify a device under that section. 
Specifically, prior to the issuance of a final order reclassifying a 
device, the following must occur: (1) Publication of a proposed order 
in the Federal Register; (2) a meeting of a device classification panel 
described in section 513(b) of the FD&C Act; and (3) consideration of 
comments to a public docket.

II. Regulatory History of the Device

    FDA presented the complete regulatory history of these devices in 
the proposed order to reclassify iontophoresis devices for any other 
purposes, published in the Federal Register of September 22, 2014 (79 
FR 56532) (the ``proposed order''). The following are the most relevant 
pieces of the regulatory history of these devices. On August 28, 1979, 
the Agency published a proposed rule (44 FR 50520) for classification 
of all iontophoresis devices. On November 23, 1983, FDA issued a final 
rule in the Federal Register (48 FR 53032 at 53045) classifying 
iontophoresis devices into two different classes based on the device's 
intended use. Specifically, the rule classified iontophoresis devices 
into class II when intended to induce sweating for use in the diagnosis 
of cystic fibrosis or for other uses only when the labeling of the drug 
intended for use with the device bears adequate directions for the 
device's use with that drug (Sec.  890.5525(a) (21 CFR 890.5525(a))). 
These devices are currently under product code KTB. The rule classified 
iontophoresis devices into class III when intended for any other 
purposes (Sec.  890.5525(b)), but did not establish an effective date 
of requirement for premarket approval. These devices are currently 
under product code EGJ. In 2009, FDA published an order under section 
515(i) of the FD&C Act (the ``515(i) Order'') requiring manufacturers 
of remaining class III devices for which regulations requiring PMAs had 
not been issued, including iontophoresis devices (Sec.  890.5525(b)), 
to submit a summary of information concerning those devices by August 
7, 2009 (74 FR 16214, April 9, 2009).
    As discussed in the proposed order, FDA considered the available 
information on iontophoresis devices intended for any other purposes 
and concluded that these devices, which are prescription devices, could 
be reclassified to class II, subject to the special controls identified 
in the

[[Page 48705]]

proposed order, because there was sufficient information that these 
special controls, along with general controls, would provide reasonable 
assurance of safety and effectiveness. As required by section 513(e)(1) 
of the of the FD&C Act, FDA convened a meeting of a device 
classification panel described in section 513(b) of the FD&C Act, 
specifically the Orthopaedic and Rehabilitation Devices Panel (the 2014 
Panel), to discuss whether iontophoresis devices intended for any other 
purposes should be reclassified or remain in class III on February 21, 
2014 (Ref. 1). Please see the proposed order for additional information 
on the 2014 Panel. Ultimately, the panel concluded that sufficient 
information exists to establish special controls for these devices, and 
that special controls in combination with general controls could 
provide a reasonable assurance of safety and effectiveness; and thus, 
iontophoresis devices for any other purposes could be classified in 
class II.
    FDA received and has considered three sets of comments on this 
proposed order, as discussed in section III of this document. 
Therefore, FDA has met the requirements for issuing a final order under 
section 513(e)(1) of the FD&C Act. FDA is not aware of new information 
since the 2014 Panel meeting that would provide a basis for a different 
recommendation or finding.

III. Public Comments in Response to the Proposed Order

    In response to the proposed order, FDA received three sets of 
comments from various stakeholders. The comments and FDA's responses to 
the comments are summarized as follows.
    (Comment 1) One comment requested that iontophoresis devices 
intended for any other purposes remain classified in class III, and 
that FDA call for PMAs for these products. The commenter disagreed that 
general controls and special controls are sufficient to provide a 
reasonable assurance of safety and effectiveness because of, among 
other reasons, the commenter located, at the time of the 2014 Panel 
meeting, 40 adverse event reports for a 5-year period that implicated 
device malfunction, 12 of which include burns, in a search of the 
Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience (MAUDE) database for 
iontophoresis devices intended for any other purposes. The commenter 
stated that manufacturing inspections during the PMA process would help 
ensure that iontophoresis devices are constructed properly and, 
therefore, be less likely to cause third degree burns and other 
injuries.
    (Response) FDA disagrees that iontophoresis devices intended for 
any other purposes should remain in class III and require PMA approval. 
As discussed in section V, ``Risks to Health,'' of the proposed order, 
these devices have certain risks to health; however, the Agency 
believes that those risks can be mitigated by the special controls. For 
example, the special controls include performance testing that will 
mitigate the risks of burns, insufficient or excessive drug delivery, 
and/or infection. Performance testing using a drug approved for 
iontophoretic delivery, or a solution, identified in the labeling, will 
ensure that device malfunction or use error is minimized. Additionally, 
performance testing will ensure that iontophoresis devices intended for 
any other purposes maintain a safe pH level to minimize burns from a 
large electrical current density or highly acidic solution. Based on 
FDA's review of the MAUDE database, the number of adverse event reports 
identified for iontophoresis devices intended for any other purposes 
has decreased over the last several years, supporting that the risk of 
injury is low. Furthermore, in the past decade, there have been no 
recalls for iontophoresis devices intended for any other purposes.
    (Comment 2) In addition, the commenter expressed concern that the 
special control requiring a labeling warning about adverse systemic 
effects was an insufficient safeguard because clinicians and patients 
may not see or read the label.
    (Response) FDA takes issue with this statement. As stated in the 
proposed order, iontophoresis devices are restricted to patient use 
only upon the authorization of a practitioner licensed by law to 
administer or use the device and the device identification in Sec.  
890.5525(b) has been revised to clarify that these are prescription 
devices in accordance with Sec.  801.109 (21 CFR 801.109). Per Sec.  
801.109(c), a prescription device, including iontophoresis devices 
intended for any other purposes, must include labeling that describes 
the indications and other information for use, such as methods, 
frequency and duration of administration, any relevant hazards, 
contraindications, side effects, and precautions under which the 
practitioners can use the device safely. Accordingly, clinicians will 
have access to and be aware of the warnings and precautions in the 
labeling, and as such, clinicians should be adequately informed of the 
risks associated with these devices. The clinician can inform the 
patients of the relevant risks. Therefore, the warning and precaution 
statements are an appropriate mitigation. FDA believes, therefore, that 
the special controls identified in this final order, in combination 
with general controls, will adequately mitigate the risks identified 
for iontophoresis devices intended for any other purposes and will 
provide a reasonable assurance of safety and effectiveness. FDA 
believes that iontophoresis devices may benefit patients by improving 
the noninvasive transdermal delivery of drugs or other solutions 
intended to treat various medical ailments or issues. As such, it is 
appropriate to reclassify these devices from class III (PMA) to class 
II (special controls). This is also the conclusion supported by the 
2014 Panel.
    (Comment 3) Two comments supported the reclassification of 
iontophoresis from class III to class II when these devices are 
intended for any other purposes. One comment, although overall 
supportive of reclassification, disagreed with the modified 
identification language and special controls. This comment asserted 
that the special controls, by requiring testing using a drug approved 
for iontophoretic delivery and labeling that contains language 
referring the user of the device to approved drug labeling, would 
create different regulatory paradigms for Sec.  890.5525(a) and (b), 
such that a new drug application (NDA) and 510(k) are needed for 
iontophoresis devices falling under paragraph (b) of the regulation, 
and that a 510(k) is needed for paragraph (a), although the devices are 
similar. The commenter uses iontophoresis devices that deliver 
pilocarpine for the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis, regulated under Sec.  
890.5525(a), as an example of this inconsistency.
    (Response) To the extent the commenter is raising issues related to 
products regulated under Sec.  890.5525(a), such products are not the 
subject of this reclassification; and as such, are not addressed here. 
However, we do note that the commenter's statement about two different 
regulatory paradigms is incorrect. As stated previously in this 
document and in the proposed order, whether an iontophoresis device 
falls into Sec.  890.5525(a) or (b), any drug that is intended to be 
used with these devices is required to have marketing authorization for 
iontophoretic administration of that drug. FDA intends to consider 
addressing the regulation of iontophoresis devices under Sec.  
890.5525(a) through a separate process.
    In addition, iontophoresis devices intended for any other purposes 
regulated under Sec.  890.5525(b) will need to comply with the 
applicable special

[[Page 48706]]

controls prior to entering the market. ``Any other purposes'' means 
that these devices are neither intended for use in the diagnosis of 
cystic fibrosis nor for use with a specific drug. Devices for any other 
purposes may include those intended for general iontophoretic delivery 
of drugs that are approved for that route of administration or intended 
for use with specific solutions. One example of an iontophoretic device 
for ``any other purposes'' is one indicated for use with tap water for 
treatment of hyperhidrosis.
    (Comment 4) The commenter also requested clarification on the 
identified risk of infection and the special control that states the 
patient-contacting elements of the device must be assessed for 
sterility.
    (Response) FDA believes that patient-contacting elements should be 
assessed for sterility if the device is labeled as sterile, and has 
clarified the special control in question (Sec.  890.5525(b)(2)(vi)) to 
specify such.

IV. The Final Order

    Based on the information discussed previously and in the preamble 
to the proposed order, the comments on the proposed order, a review of 
the MAUDE database, a review of current scientific literature, and 
panel deliberations (see the 2014 Panel transcript (Ref. 1)), FDA 
concludes that special controls, in conjunction with general controls, 
will provide reasonable assurance of the safety and effectiveness of 
iontophoresis devices intended for any other purposes. Under section 
513(e) of the FD&C Act, FDA is adopting its findings as published in 
the preamble to the proposed order, with the modification of the 
special control pertaining to sterility (Sec.  890.5525(b)(2)(vi)) to 
clarify that only devices labeled as sterile must have their patient-
contacting elements assessed for sterility. FDA is issuing this final 
order to reclassify iontophoresis devices intended for any other 
purposes from class III to class II and establish special controls by 
revising Sec.  890.5525(b).
    As noted previously, the identification for Sec.  890.5525(b) has 
been clarified to specify that devices intended to deliver specific 
drugs, including those drugs that may have adverse systemic effects, 
like fentanyl, are not considered part of this regulatory 
classification (Sec.  890.5525(b)(1)).
    Following the effective date of this final order, firms submitting 
a premarket notification (510(k)) for iontophoresis devices intended 
for any other purposes must comply with the applicable mitigation 
measures set forth in the codified special controls. This includes 
firms who are required to submit a new 510(k) under Sec.  807.81(a)(3) 
because the device is about to be significantly changed or modified. 
Additionally, a firm whose device was legally in commercial 
distribution before May 28, 1976, or whose device has been found to be 
substantially equivalent to such a device, must also comply with the 
special controls to remain legally on the market.
    Section 510(m) of the FD&C Act provides that FDA may exempt a class 
II device from the premarket notification requirements under section 
510(k) of the FD&C Act if FDA determines that premarket notification is 
not necessary to provide reasonable assurance of the safety and 
effectiveness of the devices. FDA has determined that premarket 
notification is necessary to provide reasonable assurance of safety and 
effectiveness of iontophoresis devices intended for any other purposes, 
and therefore, this device type is not exempt from premarket 
notification requirements.

V. Analysis of Environmental Impact

    The Agency has determined under 21 CFR 25.34(b) that this action is 
of a type that does not individually or cumulatively have a significant 
effect on the human environment. Therefore, neither an environmental 
assessment nor an environmental impact statement is required.

VI. Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995

    This final order refers to previously approved collections of 
information found in FDA regulations. These collections of information 
are subject to review by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) 
under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C. 3501-3520). The 
collections of information in part 807, subpart E, have been approved 
under OMB control number 0910-0120; and the collections of information 
under part 801 have been approved under OMB control number 0910-0485.
    In addition, FDA concludes that the labeling statement codified in 
this order does not constitute a ``collection of information'' under 
the PRA. Rather, the labeling statement is a public disclosure of 
information originally supplied by the Federal government to the 
recipient for the purpose of disclosure to the public (5 CFR 
1320.3(c)(2)).

VII. Codification of Orders

    Prior to the amendments by FDASIA, section 513(e) of the FD&C Act 
provided for FDA to issue regulations to reclassify devices. Although 
section 513(e) as amended requires FDA to issue final orders rather 
than regulations, FDASIA also provides for FDA to revoke previously 
promulgated regulations by order. FDA will continue to codify 
classifications and reclassifications in the Code of Federal 
Regulations (CFR). Changes resulting from final orders will appear in 
the CFR as changes to codified classification determinations or as 
newly codified orders. Therefore, under section 513(e)(1)(A)(i) of the 
FD&C Act, as amended by FDASIA, in this final order, we are revoking 
the requirements in Sec.  890.5525(b) related to the classification of 
iontophoresis devices intended for any other purposes as class III 
devices and codifying the reclassification of iontophoresis device 
intended for any other purposes into class II (special controls).

VIII. Reference

    The following reference is on display in the Division of Dockets 
Management (HFA-305) Food and Drug Administration, 5630 Fishers Lane, 
Rm. 1061, Rockville, MD 20852, and is available for viewing by 
interested persons between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m., Monday through Friday; it 
is also available electronically at http://www.regulations.gov. FDA has 
verified the Web site address, as of the date this document publishes 
in the Federal Register, but Web sites are subject to change over time.

1. The panel transcript and other meeting materials for the February 
21, 2014, Orthopedic and Rehabilitation Devices Panel are available 
on FDA's Web site at http://www.fda.gov/AdvisoryCommittees/CommitteesMeetingMaterials/MedicalDevices/MedicalDevicesAdvisoryCommittee/OrthopaedicandRehabilitationDevicesPanel/ucm386335.htm.

List of Subjects in 21 CFR Part 890

    Medical devices, Physical medicine devices.

    Therefore, under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act and under 
authority delegated to the Commissioner of Food and Drugs, part 890 is 
amended as follows:

PART 890--PHYSICAL MEDICINE DEVICES

0
1. The authority citation for part 890 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 21 U.S.C. 351, 360, 360c, 360e, 360j, 371.


0
2. In Sec.  890.5525 revise paragraph (b) and remove paragraph (c) to 
read as follows:


Sec.  890.5525  Iontophoresis device.

* * * * *

[[Page 48707]]

    (b) Iontophoresis device intended for any other purposes--(1) 
Identification. An iontophoresis device intended for any other purposes 
is a prescription device that is intended to use a current to introduce 
ions of drugs or non-drug solutions into the body for medical purposes 
other than those specified in paragraph (a) of this section, meaning 
that the device is not intended for use in diagnosis of cystic 
fibrosis, or a specific drug is not specified in the labeling of the 
iontophoresis device.
    (2) Classification. Class II (special controls). The device is 
classified as class II. The special controls for this device are:
    (i) The following performance testing must be conducted:
    (A) Testing using a drug approved for iontophoretic delivery, or a 
solution, if identified in the labeling, to demonstrate safe use of the 
device as intended;
    (B) Testing of the ability of the device to maintain a safe pH 
level; and
    (C) If used in the ear, testing of the device to demonstrate 
mechanical safety.
    (ii) Labeling must include adequate instructions for use, including 
sufficient information for the health care provider to determine the 
device characteristics that affect delivery of the drug or solution and 
to select appropriate drug or solution dosing information for 
administration by iontophoresis. This includes the following:
    (A) A description and/or graphical representation of the electrical 
output;
    (B) A description of the electrode materials and pH buffer;
    (C) When intended for general drug delivery, language referring the 
user to drug labeling approved for iontophoretic delivery to determine 
if the drug they intend to deliver is specifically approved for use 
with that type of device and to obtain relevant dosing information; and
    (D) A detailed summary of the device-related and procedure-related 
complications pertinent to use of the device, and appropriate warnings 
and contraindications, including the following warning:
    Warning: Potential systemic adverse effects may result from use of 
this device. Drugs or solutions delivered with this device have the 
potential to reach the blood stream and cause systemic effects. 
Carefully read all labeling of the drug or solution used with this 
device to understand all potential adverse effects and to ensure 
appropriate dosing information. If systemic manifestations occur, refer 
to the drug or solution labeling for appropriate action.
    (iii) Appropriate analysis/testing must demonstrate electromagnetic 
compatibility, electrical safety, thermal safety, and mechanical 
safety.
    (iv) Appropriate software verification, validation, and hazard 
analysis must be performed.
    (v) The elements of the device that may contact the patient must be 
demonstrated to be biocompatible.
    (vi) The elements of the device that may contact the patient must 
be assessed for sterility, for devices labeled as sterile.
    (vii) Performance data must support the shelf life of the elements 
of the device that may be affected by aging by demonstrating continued 
package integrity and device functionality over the stated shelf life.

    Dated: July 20, 2016.
Leslie Kux,
Associate Commissioner for Policy.
[FR Doc. 2016-17609 Filed 7-25-16; 8:45 am]
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                                                                  Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 143 / Tuesday, July 26, 2016 / Rules and Regulations                                                48703

                                             § 522.2471       [Amended]                                § 558.355    [Amended]                                § 558.630    [Amended]

                                             ■  16. In § 522.2471, in paragraph (b),                   ■  27. In § 558.355, in paragraphs (b)(1)             ■  34. In § 558.630, in paragraph (b)(1),
                                             remove ‘‘000986’’ and in its place add                    and (2), (b)(4) through (9), (b)(11) and              remove ‘‘000986’’ and in its place add
                                             ‘‘058198’’.                                               (12), and (b)(14), in paragraphs                      ‘‘058198’’.
                                                                                                       (f)(1)(xiii)(b), (f)(1)(xxi)(b), (f)(1)(xxii)(b),     § 558.665    [Amended]
                                             § 22.2476    [Amended]
                                                                                                       (f)(1)(xxviii)(b), (f)(1)(xxix)(b),
                                                                                                                                                             ■  35. In § 558.665, in paragraphs (e)(2),
                                             ■  17. In § 522.2476, in paragraph (a)(1),                (f)(1)(xxxi)(b), paragraphs
                                                                                                                                                             (3), (4), (5), (6), (8), (10), (11), and (12),
                                             remove ‘‘021641’’ and in its place add                    (f)(3)(i)(b)(2)(iii), (f)(3)(ii)(b),
                                                                                                                                                             in the ‘‘Limitations’’ column, remove
                                             ‘‘058198’’.                                               (f)(3)(xii)(b), in paragraphs (f)(4)(ii)(b)
                                                                                                                                                             ‘‘000986’’ wherever it occurs and in its
                                                                                                       and (f)(4)(iii)(b), and in paragraph
                                             § 522.2477       [Amended]                                                                                      place add ‘‘058198’’; and in paragraphs
                                                                                                       (f)(6)(i)(b)(2)(iii), remove ‘‘000986’’ and
                                                                                                                                                             (e)(2), (3), (4), and (6), in the ‘‘Sponsor’’
                                             ■  18. In § 522.2477, in paragraph (b)(1),                in its place add ‘‘058198’’.                          column, remove ‘‘000986’’ and in its
                                             remove ‘‘000986’’ and in its place add                                                                          place add ‘‘058198’’.
                                                                                                       § 558.363    [Amended]
                                             ‘‘058198’’.
                                                                                                                                                              Dated: July 20, 2016.
                                             § 522.2640       [Amended]                                ■  28. In § 558.363, in paragraphs (a)(1),            William T. Flynn,
                                                                                                       (3), and (8), and in paragraphs
                                                                                                                                                             Acting Director, Center for Veterinary
                                             ■  19. In § 522.2640, in paragraph (b)(1),                (d)(1)(ii)(B), (d)(1)(iii)(B), (d)(1)(iv)(B),         Medicine.
                                             remove ‘‘000986’’ and in its place add                    (d)(1)(v)(B), and (d)(1)(vi)(B), remove
                                                                                                                                                             [FR Doc. 2016–17501 Filed 7–25–16; 8:45 am]
                                             ‘‘058198’’.                                               ‘‘000986’’ and in its place add
                                                                                                                                                             BILLING CODE 4164–01–P
                                                                                                       ‘‘058198’’.
                                             PART 524—OPHTHALMIC AND
                                             TOPICAL DOSAGE FORM NEW                                   § 558.366    [Amended]
                                             ANIMAL DRUGS                                                                                                    DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND
                                                                                                       ■  29. In § 558.366, in paragraph (b),                HUMAN SERVICES
                                             ■ 20. The authority citation for part 524                 remove ‘‘000986’’ and in its place add
                                                                                                       ‘‘058198’’; and in paragraph (d), in the              Food and Drug Administration
                                             continues to read as follows:
                                                                                                       six row entries beginning in the
                                                 Authority: 21 U.S.C. 360b.                            ‘‘Nicarbazin in grams per ton’’ column                21 CFR Part 890
                                             § 524.916    [Amended]                                    with ‘‘27 to 45’’, in the ‘‘Limitations’’             [Docket No. FDA–2000–N–0158]
                                                                                                       and ‘‘Sponsor’’ columns, remove
                                             ■  21. In § 524.916, in paragraph (b),                    ‘‘000986’’ wherever it occurs and in its              Physical Medicine Devices;
                                             remove ‘‘000986’’ and in its place add                    place add ‘‘058198’’.                                 Reclassification of Iontophoresis
                                             ‘‘058198’’.                                                                                                     Device Intended for Any Other
                                                                                                       § 558.500    [Amended]                                Purposes
                                             § 524.1445       [Amended]
                                                                                                       ■  30. In § 558.500, in paragraph (b),                AGENCY:     Food and Drug Administration,
                                             ■  22. In § 524.1445, in paragraph (b),                   remove ‘‘000986 and 054771’’ and in its
                                             remove ‘‘000986’’ and in its place add                                                                          HHS.
                                                                                                       place add ‘‘054771 and 058198’’; and in               ACTION:   Final order.
                                             ‘‘058198’’.                                               paragraphs (e)(1)(i) through (iv) and
                                             PART 558—NEW ANIMAL DRUGS FOR                             (e)(2)(i) through (xiii), in the                      SUMMARY:    The Food and Drug
                                             USE IN ANIMAL FEEDS                                       ‘‘Limitations’’ and ‘‘Sponsor’’ columns,              Administration (FDA) is issuing a final
                                                                                                       remove ‘‘000986’’ wherever it occurs                  order to reclassify iontophoresis devices
                                                                                                       and in its place add ‘‘058198’’; and in               intended for any other purposes, which
                                             ■ 23. The authority citation for part 558
                                                                                                       paragraphs (e)(3)(i) through (iv), in the             are preamendments class III devices
                                             continues to read as follows:
                                                                                                       ‘‘Sponsor’’ column, remove ‘‘000986’’                 (regulated under product code EGJ), into
                                               Authority: 21 U.S.C. 354, 360b, 360ccc,                 wherever it occurs and in its place add               class II (special controls) and to amend
                                             360ccc–1, 371.                                            ‘‘058198’’.                                           the device identification to clarify that
                                             § 558.68    [Amended]                                                                                           devices intended to deliver specific
                                                                                                       § 558.550    [Amended]                                drugs are not considered part of this
                                             ■  24. In § 558.68, in paragraph (b),                                                                           regulatory classification.
                                             remove ‘‘000986’’ and in its place add                    ■ 31. In § 558.550, in paragraph
                                                                                                       (d)(1)(xxii)(B), remove ‘‘000986 and                  DATES: This order is effective on July 26,
                                             ‘‘058198’’.                                                                                                     2016.
                                                                                                       016592’’ and in its place add ‘‘016592
                                             § 558.274    [Amended]                                    and 058198’’.                                         FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
                                                                                                                                                             Jismi Johnson, Center for Devices and
                                             ■  25. In § 558.274, in paragraph (a)(1),                 § 558.618    [Amended]                                Radiological Health, 10903 New
                                             remove ‘‘000986’’ and in its place add                                                                          Hampshire Ave., Bldg. 66, Rm. 1524,
                                             ‘‘058198’’; and in paragraphs (c)(1)(i)                   ■  32. In § 558.618, in paragraph (b),                Silver Spring, MD 20993, 301–796–
                                             and (ii) and (c)(2)(i) and (ii), in the                   remove ‘‘000986 and 016592’’ and in its               6424, jismi.johnson@fda.hhs.gov.
                                             ‘‘Sponsor’’ column, remove ‘‘000986’’                     place add ‘‘016592 and 058198’’; and in
                                                                                                                                                             SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
                                             and in its place add ‘‘058198’’.                          paragraphs (e)(1)(i) and (e)(2)(i) through
                                                                                                       (iii), in the ‘‘Sponsor’’ column, remove              I. Background—Regulatory Authorities
                                             § 558.342    [Amended]                                    ‘‘000986’’ and in its place add                          The Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic
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                                             ■  26. In § 558.342, in paragraph (b)(2),                 ‘‘058198’’.                                           Act (the FD&C Act), as amended by the
                                             remove ‘‘000986’’ and in its place add                    § 558.625    [Amended]                                Medical Device Amendments of 1976
                                             ‘‘058198’’; and in paragraphs (e)(1)(i)                                                                         (the 1976 amendments) (Pub. L. 94–
                                             through (iv) and (e)(1)(ix) and (x), in the               ■ 33. In § 558.625, in paragraph (b)(1),              295), the Safe Medical Devices Act of
                                             ‘‘Sponsor’’ column, remove ‘‘000986’’                     remove ‘‘To 000986’’ and in its place                 1990 (Pub. L. 101–629), the Food and
                                             and in its place add ‘‘058198’’.                          add ‘‘No. 058198’’.                                   Drug Administration Modernization Act


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                                             48704               Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 143 / Tuesday, July 26, 2016 / Rules and Regulations

                                             of 1997 (Pub. L. 105–115), the Medical                   does not require premarket approval.                  (See section 520(c) of the FD&C Act (21
                                             Device User Fee and Modernization Act                    The Agency determines whether new                     U.S.C. 360j(c)).)
                                             of 2002 (Pub. L. 107–250), the Medical                   devices are substantially equivalent to                  Section 513(e)(1) of the FD&C Act sets
                                             Devices Technical Corrections Act (Pub.                  predicate devices by means of                         forth the process for issuing a final order
                                             L. 108–214), the Food and Drug                           premarket notification procedures in                  to reclassify a device under that section.
                                             Administration Amendments Act of                         section 510(k) of the FD&C Act (21                    Specifically, prior to the issuance of a
                                             2007 (Pub. L. 110–85), and the Food and                  U.S.C. 360(k)) and part 807 (21 CFR part              final order reclassifying a device, the
                                             Drug Administration Safety and                           807).                                                 following must occur: (1) Publication of
                                             Innovation Act (FDASIA) (Pub. L. 112–                      On July 9, 2012, FDASIA was enacted.                a proposed order in the Federal
                                             144), among other amendments,                            Section 608(a) of FDASIA amended                      Register; (2) a meeting of a device
                                             established a comprehensive system for                   section 513(e) of the FD&C Act,                       classification panel described in section
                                             the regulation of medical devices                        changing the mechanism for                            513(b) of the FD&C Act; and (3)
                                             intended for human use. Section 513 of                   reclassifying a device under that section             consideration of comments to a public
                                             the FD&C Act (21 U.S.C. 360c)                            from rulemaking to an administrative                  docket.
                                             established three categories (classes) of                order.                                                II. Regulatory History of the Device
                                             devices, reflecting the regulatory                         Section 513(e) of the FD&C Act
                                             controls needed to provide reasonable                                                                             FDA presented the complete
                                                                                                      governs reclassification of classified
                                             assurance of their safety and                                                                                  regulatory history of these devices in the
                                                                                                      devices. This section provides that FDA
                                             effectiveness. The three categories of                                                                         proposed order to reclassify
                                                                                                      may, by administrative order, reclassify
                                             devices are class I (general controls),                                                                        iontophoresis devices for any other
                                                                                                      a device based on ‘‘new information.’’
                                             class II (special controls), and class III                                                                     purposes, published in the Federal
                                                                                                      FDA can initiate a reclassification under             Register of September 22, 2014 (79 FR
                                             (premarket approval).                                    section 513(e) of the FD&C Act or an
                                                Under section 513(d) of the FD&C Act,                                                                       56532) (the ‘‘proposed order’’). The
                                                                                                      interested person may petition FDA to                 following are the most relevant pieces of
                                             devices that were in commercial                          reclassify a preamendments device. The
                                             distribution before the enactment of the                                                                       the regulatory history of these devices.
                                                                                                      term ‘‘new information,’’ as used in                  On August 28, 1979, the Agency
                                             1976 amendments, May 28, 1976                            section 513(e), includes information
                                             (generally referred to as preamendments                                                                        published a proposed rule (44 FR
                                                                                                      developed as a result of a reevaluation               50520) for classification of all
                                             devices), are classified after FDA has: (1)              of the data before the Agency when the
                                             Received a recommendation from a                                                                               iontophoresis devices. On November 23,
                                                                                                      device was originally classified, as well             1983, FDA issued a final rule in the
                                             device classification panel (an FDA
                                                                                                      as information not presented, not                     Federal Register (48 FR 53032 at 53045)
                                             advisory committee); (2) published the
                                                                                                      available, or not developed at that time.             classifying iontophoresis devices into
                                             panel’s recommendation for comment,
                                                                                                      (See, e.g., Holland-Rantos Co. v. United              two different classes based on the
                                             along with a proposed regulation
                                                                                                      States Department of Health, Education,               device’s intended use. Specifically, the
                                             classifying the device; and (3) published
                                                                                                      and Welfare, 587 F.2d 1173, 1174 n.1                  rule classified iontophoresis devices
                                             a final regulation classifying the device.
                                                                                                      (D.C. Cir. 1978); Upjohn v. Finch, 422                into class II when intended to induce
                                             FDA has classified most
                                                                                                      F.2d 944 (6th Cir. 1970); Bell v.                     sweating for use in the diagnosis of
                                             preamendments devices under these
                                                                                                      Goddard, 366 F.2d 177 (7th Cir. 1966).)               cystic fibrosis or for other uses only
                                             procedures.
                                                A preamendments device that has                          Reevaluation of the data previously                when the labeling of the drug intended
                                             been classified into class III and devices               before the Agency is an appropriate                   for use with the device bears adequate
                                             found substantially equivalent by means                  basis for subsequent action where the                 directions for the device’s use with that
                                             of premarket notification procedures                     reevaluation is made in light of newly                drug (§ 890.5525(a) (21 CFR
                                             (510(k)) to such a preamendments                         available authority (see Bell, 366 F.2d at            890.5525(a))). These devices are
                                             device or to a device within that type                   181; Ethicon, Inc. v. FDA, 762 F.Supp.                currently under product code KTB. The
                                             (both the preamendments and                              382, 388–391 (D.D.C. 1991)), or in light              rule classified iontophoresis devices
                                             substantially equivalent devices are                     of changes in ‘‘medical science’’                     into class III when intended for any
                                             referred to as preamendments class III                   (Upjohn, 422 F.2d at 951). Whether data               other purposes (§ 890.5525(b)), but did
                                             devices) may be marketed without                         before the Agency are old or new data,                not establish an effective date of
                                             submission of a premarket approval                       the ‘‘new information’’ to support                    requirement for premarket approval.
                                             application (PMA) until FDA issues a                     reclassification under section 513(e)                 These devices are currently under
                                             final order under section 515(b) of the                  must be ‘‘valid scientific evidence,’’ as             product code EGJ. In 2009, FDA
                                             FD&C Act (21 U.S.C. 360e(b)) requiring                   defined in section 513(a)(3) of the FD&C              published an order under section 515(i)
                                             premarket approval or until the device                   Act and 21 CFR 860.7(c)(2). (See, e.g.,               of the FD&C Act (the ‘‘515(i) Order’’)
                                             is subsequently reclassified into class I                General Medical Co. v. FDA, 770 F.2d                  requiring manufacturers of remaining
                                             or class II.                                             214 (D.C. Cir. 1985); Contact Lens                    class III devices for which regulations
                                                Devices that were not in commercial                   Association v. FDA, 766 F.2d 592 (D.C.                requiring PMAs had not been issued,
                                             distribution prior to May 28, 1976                       Cir. 1985), cert. denied, 474 U.S. 1062               including iontophoresis devices
                                             (generally referred to as                                (1986).)                                              (§ 890.5525(b)), to submit a summary of
                                             postamendments devices) are                                 FDA relies upon ‘‘valid scientific                 information concerning those devices by
                                             automatically classified by section                      evidence’’ in the classification process              August 7, 2009 (74 FR 16214, April 9,
                                             513(f) of the FD&C Act into class III                    to determine the level of regulation for              2009).
                                             without any FDA rulemaking process.                      devices. To be considered in the                         As discussed in the proposed order,
                                             Those devices remain in class III and                    reclassification process, the ‘‘valid                 FDA considered the available
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                                             require premarket approval unless, and                   scientific evidence’’ upon which the                  information on iontophoresis devices
                                             until, the device is reclassified into class             Agency relies must be publicly                        intended for any other purposes and
                                             I or II or FDA issues an order finding the               available. Publicly available information             concluded that these devices, which are
                                             device to be substantially equivalent, in                excludes trade secret and/or                          prescription devices, could be
                                             accordance with section 513(i) of the                    confidential commercial information,                  reclassified to class II, subject to the
                                             FD&C Act, to a predicate device that                     e.g., the contents of a pending PMA.                  special controls identified in the


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                                                                 Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 143 / Tuesday, July 26, 2016 / Rules and Regulations                                         48705

                                             proposed order, because there was                           (Response) FDA disagrees that                      Therefore, the warning and precaution
                                             sufficient information that these special                iontophoresis devices intended for any                statements are an appropriate
                                             controls, along with general controls,                   other purposes should remain in class                 mitigation. FDA believes, therefore, that
                                             would provide reasonable assurance of                    III and require PMA approval. As                      the special controls identified in this
                                             safety and effectiveness. As required by                 discussed in section V, ‘‘Risks to                    final order, in combination with general
                                             section 513(e)(1) of the of the FD&C Act,                Health,’’ of the proposed order, these                controls, will adequately mitigate the
                                             FDA convened a meeting of a device                       devices have certain risks to health;                 risks identified for iontophoresis
                                             classification panel described in section                however, the Agency believes that those               devices intended for any other purposes
                                             513(b) of the FD&C Act, specifically the                 risks can be mitigated by the special                 and will provide a reasonable assurance
                                             Orthopaedic and Rehabilitation Devices                   controls. For example, the special                    of safety and effectiveness. FDA believes
                                             Panel (the 2014 Panel), to discuss                       controls include performance testing                  that iontophoresis devices may benefit
                                             whether iontophoresis devices intended                   that will mitigate the risks of burns,                patients by improving the noninvasive
                                             for any other purposes should be                         insufficient or excessive drug delivery,              transdermal delivery of drugs or other
                                             reclassified or remain in class III on                   and/or infection. Performance testing                 solutions intended to treat various
                                             February 21, 2014 (Ref. 1). Please see                   using a drug approved for iontophoretic               medical ailments or issues. As such, it
                                             the proposed order for additional                        delivery, or a solution, identified in the            is appropriate to reclassify these devices
                                             information on the 2014 Panel.                           labeling, will ensure that device                     from class III (PMA) to class II (special
                                             Ultimately, the panel concluded that                     malfunction or use error is minimized.                controls). This is also the conclusion
                                             sufficient information exists to establish               Additionally, performance testing will                supported by the 2014 Panel.
                                             special controls for these devices, and                  ensure that iontophoresis devices                        (Comment 3) Two comments
                                             that special controls in combination                     intended for any other purposes                       supported the reclassification of
                                             with general controls could provide a                    maintain a safe pH level to minimize                  iontophoresis from class III to class II
                                             reasonable assurance of safety and                       burns from a large electrical current                 when these devices are intended for any
                                             effectiveness; and thus, iontophoresis                   density or highly acidic solution. Based              other purposes. One comment, although
                                             devices for any other purposes could be                  on FDA’s review of the MAUDE                          overall supportive of reclassification,
                                             classified in class II.                                  database, the number of adverse event                 disagreed with the modified
                                                FDA received and has considered                       reports identified for iontophoresis                  identification language and special
                                             three sets of comments on this proposed                  devices intended for any other purposes               controls. This comment asserted that the
                                                                                                      has decreased over the last several                   special controls, by requiring testing
                                             order, as discussed in section III of this
                                                                                                      years, supporting that the risk of injury             using a drug approved for iontophoretic
                                             document. Therefore, FDA has met the
                                                                                                      is low. Furthermore, in the past decade,              delivery and labeling that contains
                                             requirements for issuing a final order
                                                                                                      there have been no recalls for                        language referring the user of the device
                                             under section 513(e)(1) of the FD&C Act.
                                                                                                      iontophoresis devices intended for any                to approved drug labeling, would create
                                             FDA is not aware of new information
                                                                                                      other purposes.                                       different regulatory paradigms for
                                             since the 2014 Panel meeting that would
                                                                                                         (Comment 2) In addition, the                       § 890.5525(a) and (b), such that a new
                                             provide a basis for a different
                                                                                                      commenter expressed concern that the                  drug application (NDA) and 510(k) are
                                             recommendation or finding.
                                                                                                      special control requiring a labeling                  needed for iontophoresis devices falling
                                             III. Public Comments in Response to the                  warning about adverse systemic effects                under paragraph (b) of the regulation,
                                             Proposed Order                                           was an insufficient safeguard because                 and that a 510(k) is needed for
                                                                                                      clinicians and patients may not see or                paragraph (a), although the devices are
                                                In response to the proposed order,                    read the label.                                       similar. The commenter uses
                                             FDA received three sets of comments                         (Response) FDA takes issue with this               iontophoresis devices that deliver
                                             from various stakeholders. The                           statement. As stated in the proposed                  pilocarpine for the diagnosis of cystic
                                             comments and FDA’s responses to the                      order, iontophoresis devices are                      fibrosis, regulated under § 890.5525(a),
                                             comments are summarized as follows.                      restricted to patient use only upon the               as an example of this inconsistency.
                                                (Comment 1) One comment requested                     authorization of a practitioner licensed                 (Response) To the extent the
                                             that iontophoresis devices intended for                  by law to administer or use the device                commenter is raising issues related to
                                             any other purposes remain classified in                  and the device identification in                      products regulated under § 890.5525(a),
                                             class III, and that FDA call for PMAs for                § 890.5525(b) has been revised to clarify             such products are not the subject of this
                                             these products. The commenter                            that these are prescription devices in                reclassification; and as such, are not
                                             disagreed that general controls and                      accordance with § 801.109 (21 CFR                     addressed here. However, we do note
                                             special controls are sufficient to provide               801.109). Per § 801.109(c), a                         that the commenter’s statement about
                                             a reasonable assurance of safety and                     prescription device, including                        two different regulatory paradigms is
                                             effectiveness because of, among other                    iontophoresis devices intended for any                incorrect. As stated previously in this
                                             reasons, the commenter located, at the                   other purposes, must include labeling                 document and in the proposed order,
                                             time of the 2014 Panel meeting, 40                       that describes the indications and other              whether an iontophoresis device falls
                                             adverse event reports for a 5-year period                information for use, such as methods,                 into § 890.5525(a) or (b), any drug that
                                             that implicated device malfunction, 12                   frequency and duration of                             is intended to be used with these
                                             of which include burns, in a search of                   administration, any relevant hazards,                 devices is required to have marketing
                                             the Manufacturer and User Facility                       contraindications, side effects, and                  authorization for iontophoretic
                                             Device Experience (MAUDE) database                       precautions under which the                           administration of that drug. FDA
                                             for iontophoresis devices intended for                   practitioners can use the device safely.              intends to consider addressing the
                                             any other purposes. The commenter
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                                                                                                      Accordingly, clinicians will have access              regulation of iontophoresis devices
                                             stated that manufacturing inspections                    to and be aware of the warnings and                   under § 890.5525(a) through a separate
                                             during the PMA process would help                        precautions in the labeling, and as such,             process.
                                             ensure that iontophoresis devices are                    clinicians should be adequately                          In addition, iontophoresis devices
                                             constructed properly and, therefore, be                  informed of the risks associated with                 intended for any other purposes
                                             less likely to cause third degree burns                  these devices. The clinician can inform               regulated under § 890.5525(b) will need
                                             and other injuries.                                      the patients of the relevant risks.                   to comply with the applicable special


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                                             48706               Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 143 / Tuesday, July 26, 2016 / Rules and Regulations

                                             controls prior to entering the market.                   in the codified special controls. This                amended requires FDA to issue final
                                             ‘‘Any other purposes’’ means that these                  includes firms who are required to                    orders rather than regulations, FDASIA
                                             devices are neither intended for use in                  submit a new 510(k) under                             also provides for FDA to revoke
                                             the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis nor for                 § 807.81(a)(3) because the device is                  previously promulgated regulations by
                                             use with a specific drug. Devices for any                about to be significantly changed or                  order. FDA will continue to codify
                                             other purposes may include those                         modified. Additionally, a firm whose                  classifications and reclassifications in
                                             intended for general iontophoretic                       device was legally in commercial                      the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR).
                                             delivery of drugs that are approved for                  distribution before May 28, 1976, or                  Changes resulting from final orders will
                                             that route of administration or intended                 whose device has been found to be                     appear in the CFR as changes to codified
                                             for use with specific solutions. One                     substantially equivalent to such a                    classification determinations or as
                                             example of an iontophoretic device for                   device, must also comply with the                     newly codified orders. Therefore, under
                                             ‘‘any other purposes’’ is one indicated                  special controls to remain legally on the             section 513(e)(1)(A)(i) of the FD&C Act,
                                             for use with tap water for treatment of                  market.                                               as amended by FDASIA, in this final
                                             hyperhidrosis.                                              Section 510(m) of the FD&C Act                     order, we are revoking the requirements
                                                (Comment 4) The commenter also                        provides that FDA may exempt a class                  in § 890.5525(b) related to the
                                             requested clarification on the identified                II device from the premarket notification             classification of iontophoresis devices
                                             risk of infection and the special control                requirements under section 510(k) of the              intended for any other purposes as class
                                             that states the patient-contacting                       FD&C Act if FDA determines that                       III devices and codifying the
                                             elements of the device must be assessed                  premarket notification is not necessary               reclassification of iontophoresis device
                                             for sterility.                                           to provide reasonable assurance of the                intended for any other purposes into
                                                (Response) FDA believes that patient-                 safety and effectiveness of the devices.              class II (special controls).
                                             contacting elements should be assessed                   FDA has determined that premarket
                                             for sterility if the device is labeled as                notification is necessary to provide                  VIII. Reference
                                             sterile, and has clarified the special                   reasonable assurance of safety and                      The following reference is on display
                                             control in question (§ 890.5525(b)(2)(vi))               effectiveness of iontophoresis devices                in the Division of Dockets Management
                                             to specify such.                                         intended for any other purposes, and                  (HFA–305) Food and Drug
                                             IV. The Final Order                                      therefore, this device type is not exempt             Administration, 5630 Fishers Lane, Rm.
                                                                                                      from premarket notification                           1061, Rockville, MD 20852, and is
                                                Based on the information discussed                                                                          available for viewing by interested
                                                                                                      requirements.
                                             previously and in the preamble to the                                                                          persons between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m.,
                                             proposed order, the comments on the                      V. Analysis of Environmental Impact
                                                                                                                                                            Monday through Friday; it is also
                                             proposed order, a review of the MAUDE                       The Agency has determined under 21                 available electronically at http://
                                             database, a review of current scientific                 CFR 25.34(b) that this action is of a type            www.regulations.gov. FDA has verified
                                             literature, and panel deliberations (see                 that does not individually or                         the Web site address, as of the date this
                                             the 2014 Panel transcript (Ref. 1)), FDA                 cumulatively have a significant effect on             document publishes in the Federal
                                             concludes that special controls, in                      the human environment. Therefore,                     Register, but Web sites are subject to
                                             conjunction with general controls, will                  neither an environmental assessment                   change over time.
                                             provide reasonable assurance of the                      nor an environmental impact statement
                                             safety and effectiveness of iontophoresis                                                                      1. The panel transcript and other meeting
                                                                                                      is required.                                             materials for the February 21, 2014,
                                             devices intended for any other
                                                                                                      VI. Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995                      Orthopedic and Rehabilitation Devices
                                             purposes. Under section 513(e) of the
                                                                                                                                                               Panel are available on FDA’s Web site at
                                             FD&C Act, FDA is adopting its findings                     This final order refers to previously                  http://www.fda.gov/AdvisoryCommittees/
                                             as published in the preamble to the                      approved collections of information                      CommitteesMeetingMaterials/Medical
                                             proposed order, with the modification                    found in FDA regulations. These                          Devices/MedicalDevicesAdvisory
                                             of the special control pertaining to                     collections of information are subject to                Committee/OrthopaedicandRehabilitation
                                             sterility (§ 890.5525(b)(2)(vi)) to clarify              review by the Office of Management and                   DevicesPanel/ucm386335.htm.
                                             that only devices labeled as sterile must                Budget (OMB) under the Paperwork                      List of Subjects in 21 CFR Part 890
                                             have their patient-contacting elements                   Reduction Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C. 3501–
                                             assessed for sterility. FDA is issuing this              3520). The collections of information in                Medical devices, Physical medicine
                                             final order to reclassify iontophoresis                  part 807, subpart E, have been approved               devices.
                                             devices intended for any other purposes                  under OMB control number 0910–0120;                     Therefore, under the Federal Food,
                                             from class III to class II and establish                 and the collections of information under              Drug, and Cosmetic Act and under
                                             special controls by revising                             part 801 have been approved under                     authority delegated to the Commissioner
                                             § 890.5525(b).                                           OMB control number 0910–0485.                         of Food and Drugs, part 890 is amended
                                                As noted previously, the                                In addition, FDA concludes that the                 as follows:
                                             identification for § 890.5525(b) has been                labeling statement codified in this order
                                             clarified to specify that devices                        does not constitute a ‘‘collection of                 PART 890—PHYSICAL MEDICINE
                                             intended to deliver specific drugs,                      information’’ under the PRA. Rather, the              DEVICES
                                             including those drugs that may have                      labeling statement is a public disclosure
                                             adverse systemic effects, like fentanyl,                                                                       ■ 1. The authority citation for part 890
                                                                                                      of information originally supplied by
                                             are not considered part of this                                                                                continues to read as follows:
                                                                                                      the Federal government to the recipient
                                             regulatory classification                                for the purpose of disclosure to the                    Authority: 21 U.S.C. 351, 360, 360c, 360e,
                                                                                                                                                            360j, 371.
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                                             (§ 890.5525(b)(1)).                                      public (5 CFR 1320.3(c)(2)).
                                                Following the effective date of this                                                                        ■ 2. In § 890.5525 revise paragraph (b)
                                             final order, firms submitting a                          VII. Codification of Orders
                                                                                                                                                            and remove paragraph (c) to read as
                                             premarket notification (510(k)) for                        Prior to the amendments by FDASIA,                  follows:
                                             iontophoresis devices intended for any                   section 513(e) of the FD&C Act provided
                                             other purposes must comply with the                      for FDA to issue regulations to reclassify            § 890.5525       Iontophoresis device.
                                             applicable mitigation measures set forth                 devices. Although section 513(e) as                   *       *    *        *     *


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                                                                 Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 143 / Tuesday, July 26, 2016 / Rules and Regulations                                         48707

                                               (b) Iontophoresis device intended for                    (iii) Appropriate analysis/testing must             services. Section 83(a) of the Code
                                             any other purposes—(1) Identification.                   demonstrate electromagnetic                           provides generally that the excess of the
                                             An iontophoresis device intended for                     compatibility, electrical safety, thermal             fair market value of the transferred
                                             any other purposes is a prescription                     safety, and mechanical safety.                        property (determined without regard to
                                             device that is intended to use a current                   (iv) Appropriate software verification,             any restriction other than a restriction
                                             to introduce ions of drugs or non-drug                   validation, and hazard analysis must be               which by its terms will never lapse) as
                                             solutions into the body for medical                      performed.                                            of the first time that the transferee’s
                                             purposes other than those specified in                     (v) The elements of the device that                 rights in the property are transferable or
                                             paragraph (a) of this section, meaning                   may contact the patient must be                       are not subject to a substantial risk of
                                             that the device is not intended for use                  demonstrated to be biocompatible.                     forfeiture, whichever occurs earlier,
                                             in diagnosis of cystic fibrosis, or a                      (vi) The elements of the device that                over the amount (if any) paid for the
                                             specific drug is not specified in the                    may contact the patient must be                       property is included in the service
                                             labeling of the iontophoresis device.                    assessed for sterility, for devices labeled           provider’s gross income for the taxable
                                               (2) Classification. Class II (special                  as sterile.                                           year which includes such time. Section
                                             controls). The device is classified as                     (vii) Performance data must support                 83(b) and § 1.83–2(a) permit the service
                                             class II. The special controls for this                  the shelf life of the elements of the                 provider to elect to include in gross
                                             device are:                                              device that may be affected by aging by               income, as compensation for services,
                                                (i) The following performance testing                 demonstrating continued package                       the excess (if any) of the fair market
                                             must be conducted:                                       integrity and device functionality over               value of the property at the time of
                                                (A) Testing using a drug approved for                 the stated shelf life.                                transfer over the amount (if any) paid
                                             iontophoretic delivery, or a solution, if                  Dated: July 20, 2016.                               for the property. Under section 83(b)(2),
                                             identified in the labeling, to                                                                                 an election under section 83(b) must be
                                                                                                      Leslie Kux,
                                             demonstrate safe use of the device as                                                                          made in accordance with the regulations
                                             intended;                                                Associate Commissioner for Policy.                    thereunder. Under § 1.83–2(c), the
                                                (B) Testing of the ability of the device              [FR Doc. 2016–17609 Filed 7–25–16; 8:45 am]           election must be filed with the IRS no
                                             to maintain a safe pH level; and                         BILLING CODE 4164–01–P                                later than 30 days after the date on
                                                (C) If used in the ear, testing of the                                                                      which the property is transferred, and a
                                             device to demonstrate mechanical                                                                               copy of the election must be submitted
                                             safety.                                                  DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY                            with the taxpayer’s income tax return
                                                (ii) Labeling must include adequate                                                                         for the taxable year in which the
                                             instructions for use, including sufficient               Internal Revenue Service                              property is transferred.
                                             information for the health care provider                                                                          On July 17, 2015, the Department of
                                             to determine the device characteristics                  26 CFR Part 1                                         the Treasury (Treasury) and the Internal
                                             that affect delivery of the drug or                      [TD 9779]                                             Revenue Service (IRS) published a
                                             solution and to select appropriate drug                                                                        notice of proposed rulemaking (REG–
                                             or solution dosing information for                       RIN 1545–BM63                                         135524–14) in the Federal Register (137
                                             administration by iontophoresis. This                                                                          FR 42439) under section 83 of the Code
                                             includes the following:                                  Property Transferred in Connection                    eliminating the requirement that a copy
                                                (A) A description and/or graphical                    With the Performance of Services                      of a section 83(b) election be submitted
                                             representation of the electrical output;                 AGENCY:  Internal Revenue Service,                    with the taxpayer’s income tax return
                                                (B) A description of the electrode                    Department of Treasury.                               for the taxable year in which the
                                             materials and pH buffer;                                                                                       property is transferred. Treasury and the
                                                                                                      ACTION: Final regulations.
                                                (C) When intended for general drug                                                                          IRS received no comments responding
                                             delivery, language referring the user to                 SUMMARY:   This document contains final               to the notice of proposed rulemaking.
                                             drug labeling approved for                               regulations relating to property                      No public hearing was requested and no
                                             iontophoretic delivery to determine if                   transferred in connection with the                    public hearing was held. Treasury and
                                             the drug they intend to deliver is                       performance of services. These final                  the IRS now adopt the proposed
                                             specifically approved for use with that                  regulations affect certain taxpayers who              regulations as final regulations without
                                             type of device and to obtain relevant                    receive property transferred in                       modification.
                                             dosing information; and                                  connection with the performance of
                                                (D) A detailed summary of the device-                                                                       Explanation of Provisions
                                                                                                      services and make an election to include
                                             related and procedure-related                            the value of substantially nonvested                     These final regulations remove the
                                             complications pertinent to use of the                    property in income in the year of                     second sentence in § 1.83–2(c) of the
                                             device, and appropriate warnings and                     transfer.                                             existing regulations, which requires that
                                             contraindications, including the                                                                               a taxpayer submit a copy of a section
                                             following warning:                                       DATES:  Effective Date: These regulations             83(b) election with the taxpayer’s tax
                                                Warning: Potential systemic adverse                   are effective on July 26, 2016.                       return for the year in which the property
                                             effects may result from use of this                        Applicability Date: For dates of                    subject to the election was transferred.
                                             device. Drugs or solutions delivered                     applicability, see § 1.83–2(g).                       Accordingly, under these final
                                             with this device have the potential to                   FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:                      regulations, a taxpayer is no longer
                                             reach the blood stream and cause                         Thomas Scholz or Michael Hughes at                    required to file a copy of a section 83(b)
                                             systemic effects. Carefully read all                     (202) 317–5600 (not a toll-free number).              election with the taxpayer’s income tax
                                             labeling of the drug or solution used
rmajette on DSK2TPTVN1PROD with RULES




                                                                                                      SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:                            return.
                                             with this device to understand all                                                                                Taxpayers are reminded of their
                                             potential adverse effects and to ensure                  Background                                            general recordkeeping responsibilities
                                             appropriate dosing information. If                         Section 83 of the Internal Revenue                  pursuant to section 6001 of the Code,
                                             systemic manifestations occur, refer to                  Code (Code) addresses the tax                         and more specifically of the need to
                                             the drug or solution labeling for                        consequences of a transfer of property in             keep records that show the basis of
                                             appropriate action.                                      connection with the performance of                    property owned by the taxpayer.


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Document Created: 2018-02-08 08:00:37
Document Modified: 2018-02-08 08:00:37
CategoryRegulatory Information
CollectionFederal Register
sudoc ClassAE 2.7:
GS 4.107:
AE 2.106:
PublisherOffice of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Administration
SectionRules and Regulations
ActionFinal order.
DatesThis order is effective on July 26, 2016.
ContactJismi Johnson, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, 10903 New Hampshire Ave., Bldg. 66, Rm. 1524, Silver Spring, MD 20993, 301-796-6424, [email protected]
FR Citation81 FR 48703 
CFR AssociatedMedical Devices and Physical Medicine Devices

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