81_FR_62534 81 FR 62359 - Modifications to Minimum Present Value Requirements for Partial Annuity Distribution Options Under Defined Benefit Pension Plans

81 FR 62359 - Modifications to Minimum Present Value Requirements for Partial Annuity Distribution Options Under Defined Benefit Pension Plans

DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY
Internal Revenue Service

Federal Register Volume 81, Issue 175 (September 9, 2016)

Page Range62359-62365
FR Document2016-21393

This document contains final regulations providing guidance relating to the minimum present value requirements applicable to certain defined benefit pension plans. These regulations change the regulations regarding the minimum present value requirements for defined benefit plan distributions to permit plans to simplify the treatment of certain optional forms of benefit that are paid partly in the form of an annuity and partly in a single sum or other more accelerated form. These regulations affect participants, beneficiaries, sponsors, and administrators of defined benefit pension plans.

Federal Register, Volume 81 Issue 175 (Friday, September 9, 2016)
[Federal Register Volume 81, Number 175 (Friday, September 9, 2016)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 62359-62365]
From the Federal Register Online  [www.thefederalregister.org]
[FR Doc No: 2016-21393]



[[Page 62359]]

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DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY

Internal Revenue Service

26 CFR Part 1

[TD 9783]
RIN 1545-BJ55


Modifications to Minimum Present Value Requirements for Partial 
Annuity Distribution Options Under Defined Benefit Pension Plans

AGENCY: Internal Revenue Service (IRS), Treasury.

ACTION: Final regulations.

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SUMMARY: This document contains final regulations providing guidance 
relating to the minimum present value requirements applicable to 
certain defined benefit pension plans. These regulations change the 
regulations regarding the minimum present value requirements for 
defined benefit plan distributions to permit plans to simplify the 
treatment of certain optional forms of benefit that are paid partly in 
the form of an annuity and partly in a single sum or other more 
accelerated form. These regulations affect participants, beneficiaries, 
sponsors, and administrators of defined benefit pension plans.

DATES: 
    Effective date: These regulations are effective on September 9, 
2016.
    Applicability date: These regulations apply to distributions with 
annuity starting dates in plan years beginning on or after on or after 
January 1, 2017. In addition, a taxpayer can elect to apply these 
regulations with respect to any earlier period.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Neil S. Sandhu or Linda S. F. Marshall 
at (202) 317-6700 (not a toll-free number).

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Background

    This document contains amendments to the Income Tax Regulations (26 
CFR part 1) under section 417(e) of the Internal Revenue Code (Code). 
These final regulations amend Sec.  1.417(e)-1 of the Treasury 
regulations.
    Section 401(a)(11) of the Code provides that, in order for a 
defined benefit plan to qualify under section 401(a), and except as 
provided under section 417, in the case of a vested participant who 
does not die before the annuity starting date, the accrued benefit 
payable to such participant must be provided in the form of a qualified 
joint and survivor annuity (QJSA), as defined in section 417(b).
    Section 417(e)(1) provides that a plan may provide that the present 
value of a QJSA or a qualified preretirement survivor annuity (QPSA), 
as defined in 417(c), will be immediately distributed if that present 
value does not exceed the amount that can be distributed without the 
participant's consent under section 411(a)(11). Section 417(e)(2) 
provides that, if the present value of the QJSA or QPSA exceeds the 
amount that can be distributed without the participant's consent under 
section 411(a)(11), then a plan may immediately distribute the present 
value of that annuity only if the participant and the spouse of the 
participant (or if the participant has died, the surviving spouse) 
consent in writing to the distribution.
    Section 417(e)(3)(A) provides that the present value shall not be 
less than the present value calculated by using the applicable 
mortality table and the applicable interest rate.\1\ Section 
417(e)(3)(B) and (C) define the terms ``applicable mortality table'' 
and ``applicable interest rate,'' respectively.
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    \1\ Under section 411(a)(11)(B), the same applicable mortality 
table and applicable interest rate are used for purposes of 
determining whether the present value of a participant's 
nonforfeitable accrued benefit exceeds the maximum amount that can 
be immediately distributed without the participant's consent.
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    Section 411(a)(13) of the Code, as added by section 701(b) of PPA 
'06, provides that an ``applicable defined benefit plan,'' as defined 
by section 411(a)(13)(C), is not treated as failing to meet the 
requirements of section 417(e) with respect to accrued benefits derived 
from employer contributions solely because the present value of a 
participant's accrued benefit (or any portion thereof) may be, under 
the terms of the plan, equal to the amount expressed as the 
hypothetical account balance or as an accumulated percentage of such 
participant's final average compensation.
    Section 411(d)(6)(B) provides that a plan amendment that has the 
effect of eliminating or reducing an early retirement benefit or a 
retirement-type subsidy, or eliminating an optional form of benefit, 
with respect to benefits attributable to service before the amendment 
is treated as impermissibly reducing accrued benefits. However, the 
last sentence of section 411(d)(6)(B) provides that the Secretary may 
by regulations provide that section 411(d)(6)(B) does not apply to a 
plan amendment that eliminates an optional form of benefit (other than 
a plan amendment that has the effect of eliminating or reducing an 
early retirement benefit or a retirement-type subsidy).
    Final regulations under section 417 relating to the QJSA and QPSA 
requirements were issued on August 22, 1988. The final regulations were 
amended on April 3, 1998, to reflect changes enacted by the Uruguay 
Round Agreements Act, Public Law 103-465 (108 Stat. 4809 (1994)).
    Section 1.417(e)-1(d)(1) provides that a defined benefit plan 
generally must provide that the present value of any accrued benefit 
and the amount of any distribution, including a single sum, must not be 
less than the amount calculated using the specified applicable interest 
rate and the specified applicable mortality table. The present value of 
any optional form of benefit cannot be less than the present value of 
the accrued benefit determined in accordance with the preceding 
sentence.
    Section 1.417(e)-1(d)(6) provides an exception from the minimum 
present value requirements of section 417(e) and Sec.  1.417(e)-1(d). 
This exception applies to the amount of a distribution paid in the form 
of an annual benefit that either does not decrease during the life of 
the participant (or, in the case of a QPSA, the life of the 
participant's spouse), or that decreases during the life of the 
participant merely because of the death of the survivor annuitant (but 
only if the reduction is to a level not below 50 percent of the annual 
benefit payable before the death of such survivor annuitant) or the 
cessation or reduction of Social Security supplements or qualified 
disability benefits.
    Sections 204(g) and 205(g) of the Employee Retirement Income 
Security Act of 1974, Public Law 93-406 (88 Stat. 829 (1974)), as 
amended (ERISA), contain rules that are parallel to Code sections 
411(d)(6) and 417(e), respectively. Under section 101 of Reorganization 
Plan No. 4 of 1978 (43 FR 47713), the Secretary of the Treasury has 
interpretive jurisdiction over the subject matter addressed in these 
regulations for purposes of ERISA, as well as the Code. Thus, these 
regulations apply for purposes of the Code and the corresponding 
provisions of ERISA.
    In the case of a defined benefit plan that offers a single-sum 
distribution or other form of accelerated distribution as an optional 
form of benefit in addition to the required QJSA, many participants 
have been reluctant to elect lifetime payments to insure against 
unexpected longevity, choosing instead an accelerated distribution form 
in order to maximize their liquidity. However, participants who elect a 
single sum or other accelerated form of distribution may face greater 
challenges in protecting against the risk of outliving their retirement 
savings. The Treasury Department and the IRS believe that

[[Page 62360]]

many participants are better served by having the opportunity to elect 
to receive a portion of their retirement benefits in annuity form 
(which provides financial protection against unexpected longevity) 
while receiving accelerated payments for the remainder of their 
benefits to provide increased liquidity during retirement.
    In order to permit plans to simplify the treatment of certain 
optional forms of benefit that are paid partly in the form of an 
annuity and partly in a more accelerated form, the IRS issued proposed 
regulations under section 417(e)(3) (77 FR 5454) on February 3, 2012, 
that would have modified existing final regulations regarding the 
minimum present value requirements for defined benefit plan 
distributions. A number of comments were received on the proposed 
regulations, and a public hearing was held on June 1, 2012. After 
consideration of the comments received, the Treasury Department and the 
IRS are issuing these final regulations to adopt the rules set forth in 
the proposed regulations with modifications in response to the comments 
received.

Explanation of Provisions

Treatment of Bifurcated Accrued Benefits

    In order to facilitate the payment of benefits partly in the form 
of an annuity and partly as a single sum (or other accelerated form), 
this document amends the regulations under section 417(e) to permit 
plans to simplify the treatment of certain optional forms of benefit 
that are paid to a participant partly in the form of an annuity that is 
excepted from the minimum present value requirements of section 
417(e)(3) pursuant to Sec.  1.417(e)-1(d)(6) and partly in a more 
accelerated form. Like the proposed regulations, these final 
regulations provide rules under which the participant's accrued benefit 
can be bifurcated so that the minimum present value requirements of 
section 417(e)(3) and Sec.  1.417(e)-1(d) apply to only the portion of 
the participant's accrued benefit that is paid in an accelerated form.
    The proposed regulations would have provided for three different 
approaches to bifurcating the accrued benefit so that the minimum 
present value requirements apply to only a portion of the accrued 
benefit. Under the first approach in the proposed regulations, a plan 
could have provided for two separate portions of the accrued benefit 
that were determined without regard to any election of optional form of 
benefit and permitted a participant to select different distribution 
options with respect to each of those portions of the accrued benefit. 
Under the second approach, a plan could have provided for proportionate 
benefits with respect to each distribution option equal to the pro rata 
portion of the amount of the distribution that would be determined if 
that distribution option had been applied to the entire accrued 
benefit. Finally, under the third approach, a plan could have provided 
for a specified amount to be distributed as a single sum, but only if 
the plan satisfied a minimum benefit requirement with respect to the 
distribution that was not paid in a single sum.
    Commenters generally supported the adoption of the rules in the 
proposed regulations, but raised several specific issues. Several 
commenters stated that it was sometimes difficult to determine which 
approach for bifurcating the accrued benefit applied to a particular 
plan design. These commenters suggested that certain plan designs 
appeared to fit within more than one approach, while other plan designs 
that were consistent with the intent of the proposed regulations did 
not seem to fit within any approach. In response to comments received, 
the rules providing for the bifurcation of the accrued benefit have 
been simplified and clarified in these final regulations.
    The final regulations combine the first two bifurcation approaches 
from the proposed regulations into a single, more broadly applicable 
rule. Under the rule in these final regulations, a plan is permitted to 
explicitly bifurcate the accrued benefit so that the plan provides that 
the requirements of Sec.  1.417(e)-1(d) apply to a specified portion of 
a participant's accrued benefit as if that portion were the 
participant's entire accrued benefit. This rule does not impose any 
requirements with respect to the distribution options for the remaining 
portion of the accrued benefit.
    An alternative rule is provided in the final regulations under 
which a plan that distributes a specified single-sum amount to a 
participant satisfies the requirements of Sec.  1.417(e)-1(d) with 
respect to that payment, provided the remaining portion of the 
participant's accrued benefit satisfies a minimum requirement. This 
rule is essentially the same as the third bifurcation approach from the 
proposed regulations. Under this alternative rule, the portion of the 
participant's accrued benefit, expressed in the normal form of benefit 
under the plan and commencing at normal retirement age (or at the 
current date, if later), that is not settled by the single-sum payment 
must be no less than the excess of: (1) The participant's total accrued 
benefit expressed in that form; over (2) the annuity payable in that 
form that is actuarially equivalent to the single-sum payment, 
determined using the applicable interest rate and the applicable 
mortality table. Thus, the portion of the participant's accrued benefit 
that is settled by the payment of a specified single-sum amount is 
implicitly determined as the actuarial equivalent of that single-sum 
amount.
    The regulations provide a number of rules of operation that apply 
to one or both of the rules for bifurcating the accrued benefit. In 
particular, the regulations provide that if a participant selects 
different distribution options with respect to two separate portions of 
the participant's accrued benefit that were determined under the rules 
in these regulations, then the two different distribution options are 
treated as two separate optional forms of benefit for purposes of 
applying the requirements of section 417(e)(3) and Sec.  1.417(e)-1(d), 
even if the distribution options have the same annuity starting date. 
Thus, if one of those separate optional forms of benefit is exempt from 
the requirement to use the section 417(e)(3) assumptions, the plan is 
required to apply the section 417(e)(3) assumptions only to the other 
optional form of benefit. This would permit a plan to use its usual 
annuity equivalence factors for the annuity portion (rather than being 
required to make a special calculation of the annuity portion using the 
section 417(e)(3) assumptions). The approach set forth in these 
regulations is simpler than applying the section 417(e)(3) assumptions 
to the entire optional form of benefit, and yields an intuitive result 
that is consistent with plan sponsor and participant expectations.
    The regulations provide that explicit bifurcation must be used in 
specified cases. One such case is the situation in which a plan has 
been amended to eliminate an optional form of benefit (but, in 
accordance with section 411(d)(6), retains the optional form of benefit 
with respect to benefits accrued as of the applicable amendment date). 
Commenters indicated that it was unclear which bifurcation approach 
would apply to this situation under the proposed regulations. In 
response to these comments, the final regulations specify that if the 
amount of a distribution in an optional form of benefit to which Sec.  
1.417(e)-1(d) applies is determined by reference to the portion of a 
participant's accrued benefit as of the applicable amendment date, then 
the plan is not permitted to use the alternative rule under which the 
amount of the benefit that is settled by the single-sum payment is 
implicitly

[[Page 62361]]

determined but could use the explicit bifurcation rule in order to 
avoid application of section 417(e) to both optional forms of benefit. 
The implicit bifurcation rule also is not available in a situation in 
which a single-sum distribution is available to settle a participant's 
entire accrued benefit and the plan permits a portion of the benefit to 
be paid as a lump sum.
    Under the regulations, if a plan provides for an early retirement 
benefit, a retirement-type subsidy, an optional form of benefit, or an 
ancillary benefit, that applies only to a portion of a participant's 
accrued benefit, and the plan provides for an accelerated form of 
distribution that settles some, but not all, of the participant's 
accrued benefit, then the plan must specify which portion of the 
participant's total accrued benefit is settled by that distribution. 
This is necessary in order to determine the extent to which the early 
retirement benefit, retirement-type subsidy, optional form of benefit, 
or ancillary benefit applies with respect to the remaining portion of 
the accrued benefit. For example, if a plan had one set of early 
retirement factors that applied to the accrued benefit as of December 
31, 2005, but a different set of early retirement factors that applied 
to benefit accruals earned after that date, and the plan provides for a 
single-sum distribution that settles only a portion of a participant's 
accrued benefit, then the plan must specify which portion of the 
accrued benefit is settled by that distribution (in order to determine 
which early retirement factors apply to the remaining portion of the 
accrued benefit).
    The regulations provide for limited section 411(d)(6) relief in the 
case of a plan that, for plan years beginning before January 1, 2017, 
uses the section 417(e)(3) applicable interest rate and applicable 
mortality table to calculate the amount of a distribution that is made 
to settle a portion of the accrued benefit if, pursuant to these final 
regulations, the requirements of section 417(e)(3) need not apply to 
the distribution. In such a case, section 411(d)(6) is not violated 
solely because, in accordance with these final regulations, the plan is 
amended on or before December 31, 2017, to provide that the amount of 
the distribution described in the preceding sentence to which the 
requirements of section 417(e)(3) need not apply is determined for an 
annuity starting date on or after the applicable amendment date (within 
the meaning of Sec.  1.411(d)-3(g)(4)) using the same actuarial 
assumptions that would apply to calculate the amount of a distribution 
in that same form of benefit if the participant elected to receive the 
entire accrued benefit in that form.
    The final regulations include a number of examples in order to 
illustrate the bifurcation rules of the regulations and the rules of 
operation with respect to these rules.

Effective/Applicability Date

    These regulations are effective on September 9, 2016.
    The changes under these regulations apply to distributions with 
annuity starting dates in plan years beginning on or after January 1, 
2017. However, taxpayers may apply these rules to earlier periods.

Special Analyses

    Certain IRS regulations, including this one, are exempt from the 
requirements of Executive Order 12866, as supplemented and reaffirmed 
by Executive Order 13563. Therefore, a regulatory assessment is not 
required. It also has been determined that section 553(b) of the 
Administrative Procedure Act (5 U.S.C. chapter 5) does not apply to 
these regulations, and because the regulation does not impose a 
collection of information on small entities, the Regulatory Flexibility 
Act (5 U.S.C. chapter 6) does not apply. Pursuant to section 7805(f) of 
the Code, the proposed regulations preceding these final regulations 
were submitted to the Chief Counsel for Advocacy of the Small Business 
Administration for comment on its impact on small business.

Drafting Information

    The principal authors of these regulations are Neil S. Sandhu and 
Linda S. F. Marshall, Office of Division Counsel/Associate Chief 
Counsel (Tax Exempt and Government Entities). However, other personnel 
from the IRS and the Treasury Department participated in the 
development of these regulations.

List of Subjects in 26 CFR Part 1

    Income taxes, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.

Adoption of Amendments to the Regulations

    Accordingly, 26 CFR part 1 is amended as follows:

PART 1--INCOME TAXES

0
Paragraph 1. The authority citation for part 1 continues to read in 
part as follows:

    Authority: 26 U.S.C. 7805 * * *


0
Par. 2. Section 1.417(e)-1 is amended by:
0
1. Redesignating paragraph (d)(1) as paragraph (d)(1)(i) and revising 
the heading of the newly redesignated paragraph (d)(1)(i).
0
2. Adding a heading for paragraph (d)(1).
0
3. In the first sentence of newly redesignated paragraph (d)(1)(i), 
removing ``A defined benefit plan'' and adding ``Except as provided in 
section 411(a)(13) and the regulations thereunder, a defined benefit 
plan'' in its place.
0
4. Adding paragraph (d)(1)(ii).
0
5. Revising paragraph (d)(7), the heading for paragraph (d)(8), and 
paragraph (d)(8)(i).
0
6. Adding paragraph (d)(8)(v).
    The additions and revisions read as follows:


Sec.  1.417(e)-1  Restrictions and valuations of distributions from 
plans subject to sections 401(a)(11) and 417.

* * * * *
    (d) Present value requirement--(1) General rule--(i) Defined 
benefit plans. * * *
    (ii) Defined contribution plans. Because the accrued benefit under 
a defined contribution plan equals the account balance, a defined 
contribution plan is not subject to the requirements of this paragraph 
(d), regardless of whether the requirements of section 401(a)(11) apply 
to the plan.
* * * * *
    (7) Application to portion of a participant's benefit--(i) In 
general. This paragraph (d)(7) provides rules under which the 
requirements of this paragraph (d) apply to the distribution of only a 
portion of a participant's accrued benefit. Paragraph (d)(7)(ii) of 
this section provides rules for how a participant's accrued benefit may 
be bifurcated into separate components for purposes of applying this 
paragraph (d). Paragraph (d)(7)(iii) of this section provides rules of 
application. Paragraph (d)(7)(iv) of this section provides certain 
limited section 411(d)(6) relief, and paragraph (d)(7)(v) of this 
section provides examples of the application of the rules of this 
paragraph (d)(7).
    (ii) Bifurcation of accrued benefit--(A) Explicit plan-specified 
bifurcation. A plan is permitted to provide that the requirements of 
this paragraph (d) apply to a specified portion of a participant's 
accrued benefit as if that portion were the participant's entire 
accrued benefit. For example, a plan is permitted to provide that a 
distribution in the form of a single-sum payment described in this 
paragraph (d)(7)(ii)(A) is made to settle a specified percentage of the 
participant's accrued benefit. As another example, a plan is permitted 
to provide

[[Page 62362]]

that a distribution in the form of a single-sum payment described in 
this paragraph (d)(7)(ii)(A) is made to settle the accrued benefit 
derived from contributions made by an employee. In both examples, the 
distribution must satisfy the requirements of this paragraph (d) with 
respect to the specified portion of the accrued benefit, and the 
remaining portion of the accrued benefit (the participant's total 
accrued benefit less the portion of the accrued benefit settled by the 
single-sum payment) can be paid in some other form of distribution that 
is available under the plan.
    (B) Distribution of specified amount. A plan that provides for a 
distribution of a single-sum payment that is not described in paragraph 
(d)(7)(ii)(A) of this section satisfies the requirements of this 
paragraph (d) with respect to that distribution if the portion of the 
participant's accrued benefit, expressed in the normal form of benefit 
under the plan and commencing at normal retirement age (or at the 
current date, if later), that is not settled by the distribution is no 
less than the excess of--
    (1) The participant's total accrued benefit expressed in that form; 
over
    (2) The annuity payable in that form that is actuarially equivalent 
to the single-sum payment, determined using the applicable interest 
rate and the applicable mortality table.
    (iii) Rules of operation--(A) Multiple distribution options. If a 
participant selects different distribution options with respect to two 
separate portions of the participant's accrued benefit that were 
determined in accordance with paragraph (d)(7)(ii) of this section, 
then the two different distribution options are treated as two separate 
optional forms of benefit for purposes of applying the requirements of 
section 417(e)(3) and this paragraph (d), even if the distribution 
options have the same annuity starting date. Thus, if the exception 
from the requirements of section 417(e)(3) and this paragraph (d) that 
is contained in paragraph (d)(6) of this section applies to one of 
those optional forms of benefit, then this paragraph (d) applies only 
to the other optional form of benefit.
    (B) Repeated application of rule. If a participant's accrued 
benefit has been bifurcated in accordance with paragraph (d)(7)(ii) of 
this section, then the provisions of paragraph (d)(7)(ii) of this 
section may be applied again to bifurcate the remaining accrued 
benefit.
    (C) Requirement to use explicit plan-specified bifurcation in 
certain cases--(1) Section 411(d)(6)--protected optional form. If the 
amount of a distribution in an optional form of benefit to which this 
paragraph (d) applies is determined by reference to the portion of a 
participant's accrued benefit as of the applicable amendment date for 
an amendment that eliminates that optional form of benefit (but, in 
accordance with section 411(d)(6), retains the optional form of benefit 
with respect to benefits accrued as of the applicable amendment date), 
then the plan must provide for explicit bifurcation of the accrued 
benefit as described in paragraph (d)(7)(ii)(A) of this section.
    (2) Single-sum available with respect to entire accrued benefit. If 
a plan provides that a single-sum distribution is available to settle a 
participant's entire accrued benefit, then, in order to also provide 
for a distribution in the form of a single-sum payment that settles 
only a portion of a participant's accrued benefit, the plan must 
provide for explicit bifurcation of the accrued benefit as described in 
paragraph (d)(7)(ii)(A) of this section.
    (D) Application of different factors to different portions of the 
accrued benefit. If a plan provides for an early retirement benefit, a 
retirement-type subsidy, an optional form of benefit, or an ancillary 
benefit, that applies only to a portion of a participant's accrued 
benefit, and the plan provides for a distribution that settles some, 
but not all, of the participant's accrued benefit, then the plan must 
specify which portion of the participant's total accrued benefit is 
settled by that distribution. For example, if a plan had one set of 
early retirement factors that applied to the accrued benefit as of 
December 31, 2005, but a different set of early retirement factors that 
applied to benefit accruals earned after that date, and the plan 
provides for a single-sum distribution that settles only a portion of a 
participant's accrued benefit, then the plan must specify which portion 
of the accrued benefit is settled by that distribution (in order to 
determine which early retirement factors apply to the remaining portion 
of the accrued benefit).
    (iv) Limited section 411(d)(6) anti-cutback relief. This paragraph 
(d)(7)(iv) applies in the case of a plan that, for plan years beginning 
before January 1, 2017, uses the section 417(e)(3) applicable interest 
rate and applicable mortality table to calculate the amount of a 
distribution that is made to settle a portion of the accrued benefit 
if, pursuant to this paragraph (d)(7), the requirements of section 
417(e)(3) and this paragraph (d) need not apply to the distribution. In 
such a case, section 411(d)(6) is not violated merely because, in 
accordance with this paragraph (d)(7), the plan is amended on or before 
December 31, 2017, to provide that the amount of a distribution 
described in the preceding sentence is determined for an annuity 
starting date on or after the applicable amendment date (within the 
meaning of Sec.  1.411(d)-3(g)(4)) using the same actuarial assumptions 
that apply to calculate the amount of a distribution in the same form 
of benefit that is made to settle the participant's entire accrued 
benefit.

    (v) Examples. The following examples illustrate the rules of this 
paragraph (d)(7). Unless otherwise indicated, these examples are based 
on the following assumptions: The taxpayers elect to apply the rules of 
this paragraph (d)(7) in 2016; each plan is a noncontributory defined 
benefit plan with a calendar-year plan year and a normal retirement age 
of age 65; a one-year stability period coinciding with the calendar 
year and a two-month lookback are used for determining the applicable 
interest rate; and all participant elections are made with proper 
spousal consent. The November 2015 segment rates are 1.76%, 4.15% and 
5.13%.

    Example 1. (i) Plan A offers a number of optional forms of 
payment, including a qualified joint and survivor annuity and a 
single-sum payment. The single-sum payment is equal to the present 
value of the participant's immediate benefit (but not less than the 
present value of the participant's accrued benefit payable at normal 
retirement age) using the applicable interest and mortality rates 
under section 417(e)(3). The amount of the joint and survivor 
annuity is determined using plan factors that are not based on the 
applicable interest and mortality rates under section 417(e)(3). 
Plan A permits a participant to elect to receive a percentage of the 
accrued benefit as a single sum and the remainder in any annuity 
form provided under the plan, with the amount of the single-sum 
payment determined by multiplying the amount that would be payable 
if the entire benefit were paid as a single sum by the percentage of 
the accrued benefit settled by the single-sum payment.
    (ii) Participant S retires at age 62 in 2016, with an accrued 
benefit of $1,000 per month payable as a straight life annuity at 
normal retirement age. Participant S is eligible for an unreduced 
early retirement benefit and can therefore collect a straight life 
annuity benefit of $1,000 per month beginning immediately. 
Alternatively, Participant S can elect to receive the benefit in 
other forms, including a single-sum payment of $168,516 (based on 
the applicable interest and mortality rates under section 417(e), 
which are the November 2015 segment rates and the 2016 applicable 
mortality table), or a 100% joint and survivor annuity of $850 per 
month (based on the plan's actuarial equivalence factors). 
Participant S elects to receive 25% of the accrued benefit in the 
form of a single-sum payment and the remaining 75% of the

[[Page 62363]]

accrued benefit as a 100% joint and survivor annuity.
    (iii) Participant S receives a single-sum payment with respect 
to 25% of the accrued benefit. Accordingly, this single-sum payment 
is equal to 25% of the full single-sum amount, or $42,129. The 
remaining portion of the accrued benefit is 75% of the total accrued 
benefit, or $750 per month payable as a straight life annuity at 
normal retirement age.
    (iv) To settle the remaining portion of the accrued benefit, in 
addition to the single-sum payment of $42,129, Participant S 
receives a 100% joint and survivor annuity in the amount of $637.50 
per month, which is determined by applying the plan's unreduced 
early retirement and actuarial equivalence factors to the remaining 
portion of the accrued benefit of $750 per month payable as a 
straight life annuity at normal retirement age. The joint and 
survivor annuity benefit is not subject to the minimum present value 
requirements of section 417(e)(3) because it is treated as a 
separate optional form of benefit under paragraph (d)(7)(iii)(A) of 
this section.
    Example 2. (i) Plan B is a contributory defined benefit plan 
that permits a participant to elect a single sum distribution equal 
to the participant's employee contributions, accumulated with 
interest, with the remainder payable as an annuity. Plan B provides 
that the probability of death before normal retirement age is not 
taken into account for purposes of determining actuarial equivalence 
between the single-sum payment and an annuity at normal retirement 
age. Based on the applicable mortality table for 2016 and the 
November 2015 segment rates, the deferred annuity factor at age 60 
for lifetime payments commencing at age 65 (determined without 
taking mortality before age 65 into account) is 10.209.
    (ii) Participant T retires at age 60 in 2016 with an accrued 
benefit of $1,500 per month payable as a straight life annuity 
commencing at normal retirement age. For benefits commencing at age 
60, Plan B provides for an early retirement reduction factor of 75% 
and an actuarial equivalence factor of 98% for adjusting a straight 
life annuity to a 10-year certain and life annuity, neither of which 
is based on the applicable interest and mortality rates under 
section 417(e)(3). Participant T's benefit commencing at age 60 in 
the form of a 10-year certain and life annuity would be $1,500 x 75% 
x 98% = $1,102.50 per month. Participant T elects to receive a 
single sum payment of $32,000 equal to T's accumulated contributions 
with interest, and the remainder as a 10-year certain and life 
annuity.
    (iii) The single-sum payment elected by Participant T is a 
distribution that is determined by reference to Participant T's 
contributions and interest, and not by reference to a specified 
portion of the participant's accrued benefit. Therefore, the single-
sum payment is not described in paragraph (d)(7)(ii)(A) of this 
section. In order to satisfy paragraph (d)(7)(ii)(B) of this 
section, the portion of the participant's accrued benefit that is 
not settled by the single-sum payment must be no less than the 
excess of (A) the participant's total accrued benefit over (B) the 
annuity that is actuarially equivalent to the single-sum payment, 
(determined using the applicable interest and mortality rates under 
section 417(e)(3) as applicable), both expressed in the normal form 
of benefit commencing at normal retirement age. The amount of that 
actuarially equivalent annuity is determined by dividing Participant 
T's single-sum payment of $32,000 by the deferred annuity factor for 
lifetime payments commencing at age 65 under the terms of Plan B 
(10.209, not considering mortality for the deferral period) and 
dividing by 12 for an actuarially equivalent monthly benefit 
commencing at age 65 of $261.21. Thus, in order to satisfy paragraph 
(d)(7)(ii)(B) of this section, the remaining portion of T's accrued 
benefit must be at least $1,238.79 per month ($1,500.00-$261.21) 
payable as a straight life annuity at normal retirement age.
    (iv) Based on Plan B's early retirement and optional form 
factors applied to the remaining portion, the annuity benefit 
payable to Participant T in the form of a 10-year certain and life 
annuity beginning at age 60 cannot be less than $910.51 per month 
($1,238.79 x 75% x 98%). Participant T receives this in addition to 
the single-sum payment of $32,000. The 10-year certain and life 
benefit is not subject to the minimum present value requirements of 
section 417(e)(3) because it is treated as a separate optional form 
of benefit under paragraph (d)(7)(iii)(A) of this section.
    (v) If, instead, Plan B's terms had provided for a single-sum 
payment equal to the present value of the participant's employee-
provided accrued benefit as determined under section 411(c)(3), then 
the plan is determining the single-sum payment as the present value 
of a specified portion of the accrued benefit. In such a case, the 
plan is using explicit bifurcation as described in paragraph 
(d)(7)(ii)(A) of this section and the single-sum payment would have 
to be set equal to the present value, determined under Plan B's 
terms, of T's employee-provided accrued benefit (which may or may 
not be equal to T's accumulated contributions and interest, 
depending on the plan's terms). The remaining annuity benefit 
payable to Participant T would have been based on an accrued benefit 
equal to $1,500 per month minus the amount of T's employee-provided 
accrued benefit.
    Example 3. (i) The facts are the same as in Example 2 of this 
paragraph (d)(7)(v), except that Plan B also offers a single-sum 
payment option with respect to a participant's entire benefit. The 
single-sum payment is determined as the present value of the 
participant's early retirement benefit (but no less than the present 
value of the participant's accrued benefit) using the applicable 
interest and mortality rates under section 417(e)(3). Based on the 
applicable mortality table for 2016 and the November 2015 segment 
rates, the immediate annuity factor for lifetime payments commencing 
at age 60 is 14.632. Under the terms of the plan, the early 
retirement benefit payable as a straight life annuity to Participant 
T at age 60 with respect to T's full accrued benefit is $1,125 
($1,500 x 75%), and the corresponding single-sum amount payable to T 
is $1,125 x 14.632 x 12 = $197,532. (Note that this amount is larger 
than the age-60 present value of T's accrued benefit without taking 
mortality before age 65 into account, $1,500 x 10.209 x 12 = 
$183,762.) Participant T elects to receive a partial single-sum 
payment of $32,000, equal to T's accumulated contributions with 
interest and to take the remaining accrued benefit in the form of a 
10-year certain and life annuity commencing at age 60.
    (ii) Because the plan also provides for a single-sum payment 
option with respect to a participant's entire benefit, pursuant to 
paragraph (d)(7)(iii)(C)(2) of this section the partial single-sum 
payment must be determined pursuant to the explicit bifurcation 
rules of paragraph (d)(7)(ii)(A) of this section.
    (iii) The portion of the participant's accrued benefit that is 
settled by the single-sum payment of $32,000 is determined as the 
amount that bears the same ratio to the total accrued benefit as 
that single-sum payment bears to the single-sum payment with respect 
to the entire accrued benefit (($32,000 / $197,532) x $1,500), which 
is $243 per month payable as a straight life annuity at normal 
retirement age. Thus, the remaining portion of the accrued benefit 
is $1,257.00 per month payable as a straight life annuity at normal 
retirement age.
    (iv) Based on Plan B's early retirement and optional form 
factors applied to the remaining portion, the annuity benefit 
payable to Participant T in the form of a 10-year certain and life 
annuity beginning at age 60 is $923.90 per month ($1,257 x 75% x 
98%). Participant T receives this benefit in addition to the single 
sum payment of $32,000. The 10-year certain and life benefit is not 
subject to the minimum present value requirements of section 
417(e)(3) because it is treated as a separate optional form of 
benefit under paragraph (d)(7)(iii)(A) of this section.
    Example 4. (i) Plan C was amended to freeze benefits under a 
traditional defined benefit formula as of December 31, 2016, and to 
provide benefits under a cash balance formula beginning January 1, 
2017. The plan provides that participants may elect separate 
distribution options for the portion of the benefit accrued under 
the traditional formula as of December 31, 2016, and the portion of 
the benefit earned under the cash balance formula. Furthermore, the 
plan provides that a participant may elect to receive a single-sum 
payment only with respect to the portion of the benefit earned under 
the cash balance formula.
    (ii) In accordance with paragraph (d)(7)(ii)(A) of this section, 
Plan C provides for an explicitly bifurcated accrued benefit because 
the portion of the accrued benefit settled by a distribution is 
determined separately for the portion under the traditional formula 
and the portion under the cash balance formula. As provided under 
paragraph (d)(7)(iii)(A) of this section, a single-sum payment under 
the cash balance formula and a distribution option under the 
traditional formula are treated as two separate optional forms of 
benefit for purposes of applying the provisions of the plan 
implementing the requirements of

[[Page 62364]]

section 417(e)(3) and this paragraph (d). Therefore, whether a 
participant elects to receive a single-sum payment of the portion of 
the benefit earned under the cash balance formula does not affect 
whether the distribution elected with respect to the portion of the 
benefit earned as of December 31, 2016, is subject to the minimum 
present value requirements of section 417(e)(3).
    Example 5. (i) The facts are the same as in Example 4 of this 
paragraph (d)(7)(v), except that Plan C also permits a participant 
to elect, with respect to the cash balance portion of the benefit, 
to receive a percentage of that portion as a single sum and the 
remainder in any annuity form provided under the plan, with the 
amount of the single-sum payment determined by multiplying the 
amount that would be payable if the entire cash balance portion were 
paid as a single sum by the percentage of the cash balance portion 
settled by the single-sum payment. Participant W retires at age 65, 
with an accrued benefit under the traditional defined benefit 
formula (earned as of December 31, 2016) of $500 per month payable 
as a straight life annuity at normal retirement age and a cash 
balance hypothetical account balance of $45,000. Based on Plan C's 
actuarial equivalence factors, Participant W's accrued benefit 
derived from the cash balance hypothetical account is $320 per 
month, payable as a straight life annuity at normal retirement age. 
Participant W elects to receive \1/3\ or $15,000 of the current 
hypothetical account balance in the form of a single sum and to 
receive the remainder of the total accrued benefit as a straight 
life annuity.
    (ii) Under the analysis set forth in Example 4 of this paragraph 
(d)(7)(v), Plan C provides for an explicitly bifurcated accrued 
benefit with respect to the traditional defined benefit portion and 
the cash balance portion because the portion of the accrued benefit 
settled by a distribution is determined separately for the portion 
under the traditional formula and the portion under the cash balance 
formula. As provided under paragraph (d)(7)(iii)(A) of this section, 
a single-sum payment under the cash balance formula and a 
distribution option under the traditional formula are treated as two 
separate optional forms of benefit for purposes of applying the 
provisions of the plan implementing the requirements of section 
417(e)(3) and this paragraph (d). Thus, a separate distribution 
option may be chosen for each of these two portions, and section 
417(e)(3) applies separately to each portion.
    (iii) In accordance with paragraph (d)(7)(ii)(A) of this 
section, Plan C also provides for an explicitly bifurcated accrued 
benefit with respect to the cash balance benefit because the plan 
provides that a distribution in the form of a single-sum payment is 
made to settle a specified percentage of the cash balance benefit. 
As provided under paragraph (d)(7)(iii)(A) of this section, the 
single-sum payment and the annuity selected by Participant W with 
respect to the cash balance benefit are treated as two separate 
optional forms of benefit for purposes of applying the provisions of 
the plan implementing the requirements of section 417(e)(3) and this 
paragraph (d). Thus, in accordance with paragraph (d)(7)(ii)(A) of 
this section, \1/3\ of the cash balance hypothetical account is 
settled by the distribution paid out as a single sum (that is, 
$15,000 / $45,000). After the single-sum payment, the remaining 
portion of the accrued benefit derived from the cash balance account 
is \2/3\ of the initial accrued benefit derived from the cash 
balance account, or a straight life annuity at normal retirement age 
of $213.33 per month (\2/3\ x $320).
    (iv) To settle the remaining portion of the entire accrued 
benefit (the portion of the benefit attributable to service as of 
December 31, 2016 plus the remaining portion of the cash balance 
benefit), Participant W receives a monthly life annuity of $713.33 
per month payable as a straight life annuity at normal retirement 
age (equal to the $500 straight life annuity at normal retirement 
age earned as of December 31, 2016 plus the remaining benefit 
derived from the cash balance portion of a straight life annuity 
payable at normal retirement age of $213.33 per month). Participant 
W's election to receive a single-sum payment of part of the benefit 
earned under the cash balance formula does not affect whether the 
remainder of Participant W's distribution is subject to the minimum 
present value requirements of section 417(e)(3).
    Example 6. (i) Plan D permits participants to elect a single-sum 
payment of up to $10,000 with the remaining benefit payable in the 
form of an annuity. Participant X retires in 2016 at age 55 with an 
accrued benefit of $1,000 per month payable as a straight life 
annuity at normal retirement age. Participant X is eligible for an 
unreduced early retirement benefit of $1,000 per month payable as a 
straight life annuity. Alternatively, based on Plan D's definition 
of actuarial equivalence (which is not based on the applicable 
interest and mortality rates under section 417(e)(3)), Participant X 
can receive an immediate benefit in the form of a 100% joint and 
survivor annuity of $800 per month. Participant X elects to receive 
a single-sum payment of $10,000, with the balance of the benefit 
payable as a 100% joint and survivor annuity beginning at age 55. 
Based on the applicable mortality table for 2016 and the November 
2015 segment rates, the deferred annuity factor at age 55 for 
lifetime payments commencing at age 65 is 7.602.
    (ii) Plan D provides for a single-sum distribution of a portion 
of the participant's accrued benefit but, because the plan initially 
specifies the amount of the single-sum distribution (rather than the 
portion of the accrued benefit that is being settled by that 
distribution), Plan D is described in paragraph (d)(7)(ii)(B) of 
this section. As provided under paragraph (d)(7)(iii)(A) of this 
section, the single-sum payment and the joint-and-survivor annuity 
selected by Participant X are treated as two separate optional forms 
of benefit for purposes of applying the provisions of the plan 
implementing the requirements of section 417(e)(3) and this 
paragraph (d).
    (iii) A straight life annuity of $109.62 per month payable at 
normal retirement age is actuarially equivalent to the $10,000 
single-sum payment, determined using the applicable mortality table 
for 2016 and the November 2015 segment rates ($10,000 / 12 / 7.602). 
Therefore, pursuant to paragraph (d)(7)(ii)(B) of this section, in 
order to satisfy this paragraph (d) the remaining portion of the 
accrued benefit after the single-sum payment of $10,000 must be no 
less than $890.38 per month payable as a straight life annuity at 
normal retirement age ($1,000.00-$109.62).
    (iv) Based on Plan D's early retirement and optional form 
factors, in order to satisfy this paragraph (d), the annuity benefit 
payable to Participant X in the form of a 100% joint-and-survivor 
annuity beginning at age 55 must be no less than $712.30 per month 
($890.38 x .8). Participant X receives this benefit in addition to 
the single sum payment of $10,000. The joint and survivor annuity 
benefit is not subject to the minimum present value requirements of 
section 417(e)(3) because it is treated as a separate optional form 
of benefit under paragraph (d)(7)(iii)(A) of this section.
    Example 7. (i) Plan E provides for an unreduced early retirement 
benefit for participants who have met certain age and service 
requirements. Prior to amendment, Plan E permitted participants to 
elect a single-sum payment equal to the present value of the 
participant's unreduced early retirement benefit, determined using 
the applicable interest rate and applicable mortality table under 
section 417(e)(3). Plan E did not permit participants to elect a 
single-sum payment with respect to only a portion of their benefits. 
Effective December 31, 2012, Plan E was amended to eliminate the 
single-sum payment with respect to benefits accrued after that date.
    (ii) Participant Y retires on December 31, 2016, at age 60, 
after meeting Plan E's age and service requirements for an unreduced 
early retirement benefit. Participant Y's accrued benefit is $1,000 
per month payable as a straight life annuity commencing at normal 
retirement age, of which $800 per month was accrued as of December 
31, 2012. Participant Y elects to take a single-sum payment based on 
the benefit accrued as of December 31, 2012, with the remainder paid 
as a lifetime annuity commencing at age 60. Based on the applicable 
mortality table for 2016 and the November 2015 segment rates, the 
immediate annuity factor for lifetime payments commencing at age 60 
is 14.632, so Y's single-sum payment is $800 x 12 x 14.632 = 
$140,467.20.
    (iii) In accordance with paragraph (d)(7)(iii)(C)(1) of this 
section, Plan E provides for explicit bifurcation of the accrued 
benefit as described in paragraph (d)(7)(ii)(A) of this section. 
Therefore, Participant Y must receive an annuity of $200 earned 
after December 31, 2012 in addition to the single-sum payment of 
$140,467. Plan E is not permitted to use the approach described in 
paragraph (d)(7)(ii)(B) of this section to reduce or eliminate the 
$200 annuity earned after December 31, 2012.

    (8) Effective/applicability date--(i) In general. Except as 
otherwise provided in this paragraph (d)(8), this paragraph (d) applies 
to distributions with annuity

[[Page 62365]]

starting dates in plan years beginning on or after January 1, 1995.
* * * * *
    (v) Effective date for special rules applicable to the payment of a 
portion of a participant's benefit. Paragraph (d)(7) of this section 
applies to distributions with annuity starting dates in plan years 
beginning on or after January 1, 2017. However, taxpayers may elect to 
apply the rules of paragraph (d)(7) of this section to earlier periods.
* * * * *

John M. Dalrymple,
Deputy Commissioner for Services and Enforcement.
    Approved: August 3, 2016.
Mark J. Mazur,
Assistant Secretary of the Treasury (Tax Policy).
[FR Doc. 2016-21393 Filed 9-8-16; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4830-01-P



                                                            Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 175 / Friday, September 9, 2016 / Rules and Regulations                                          62359

                                           DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY                              QJSA or a qualified preretirement                       requirements were issued on August 22,
                                                                                                   survivor annuity (QPSA), as defined in                  1988. The final regulations were
                                           Internal Revenue Service                                417(c), will be immediately distributed                 amended on April 3, 1998, to reflect
                                                                                                   if that present value does not exceed the               changes enacted by the Uruguay Round
                                           26 CFR Part 1                                           amount that can be distributed without                  Agreements Act, Public Law 103–465
                                           [TD 9783]                                               the participant’s consent under section                 (108 Stat. 4809 (1994)).
                                                                                                   411(a)(11). Section 417(e)(2) provides                    Section 1.417(e)–1(d)(1) provides that
                                           RIN 1545–BJ55                                           that, if the present value of the QJSA or               a defined benefit plan generally must
                                                                                                   QPSA exceeds the amount that can be                     provide that the present value of any
                                           Modifications to Minimum Present                        distributed without the participant’s                   accrued benefit and the amount of any
                                           Value Requirements for Partial Annuity                  consent under section 411(a)(11), then a                distribution, including a single sum,
                                           Distribution Options Under Defined                      plan may immediately distribute the                     must not be less than the amount
                                           Benefit Pension Plans                                   present value of that annuity only if the               calculated using the specified
                                           AGENCY:  Internal Revenue Service (IRS),                participant and the spouse of the                       applicable interest rate and the specified
                                           Treasury.                                               participant (or if the participant has                  applicable mortality table. The present
                                           ACTION: Final regulations.                              died, the surviving spouse) consent in                  value of any optional form of benefit
                                                                                                   writing to the distribution.                            cannot be less than the present value of
                                           SUMMARY:    This document contains final                   Section 417(e)(3)(A) provides that the               the accrued benefit determined in
                                           regulations providing guidance relating                 present value shall not be less than the                accordance with the preceding sentence.
                                           to the minimum present value                            present value calculated by using the                     Section 1.417(e)–1(d)(6) provides an
                                           requirements applicable to certain                      applicable mortality table and the                      exception from the minimum present
                                           defined benefit pension plans. These                    applicable interest rate.1 Section                      value requirements of section 417(e) and
                                           regulations change the regulations                      417(e)(3)(B) and (C) define the terms                   § 1.417(e)–1(d). This exception applies
                                           regarding the minimum present value                     ‘‘applicable mortality table’’ and                      to the amount of a distribution paid in
                                           requirements for defined benefit plan                   ‘‘applicable interest rate,’’ respectively.             the form of an annual benefit that either
                                           distributions to permit plans to simplify                  Section 411(a)(13) of the Code, as                   does not decrease during the life of the
                                           the treatment of certain optional forms                 added by section 701(b) of PPA ’06,                     participant (or, in the case of a QPSA,
                                           of benefit that are paid partly in the                  provides that an ‘‘applicable defined                   the life of the participant’s spouse), or
                                           form of an annuity and partly in a single               benefit plan,’’ as defined by section                   that decreases during the life of the
                                           sum or other more accelerated form.                     411(a)(13)(C), is not treated as failing to             participant merely because of the death
                                           These regulations affect participants,                  meet the requirements of section 417(e)                 of the survivor annuitant (but only if the
                                           beneficiaries, sponsors, and                            with respect to accrued benefits derived                reduction is to a level not below 50
                                           administrators of defined benefit                       from employer contributions solely                      percent of the annual benefit payable
                                           pension plans.                                          because the present value of a                          before the death of such survivor
                                           DATES:                                                  participant’s accrued benefit (or any                   annuitant) or the cessation or reduction
                                              Effective date: These regulations are                portion thereof) may be, under the terms                of Social Security supplements or
                                           effective on September 9, 2016.                         of the plan, equal to the amount                        qualified disability benefits.
                                              Applicability date: These regulations                expressed as the hypothetical account                     Sections 204(g) and 205(g) of the
                                           apply to distributions with annuity                     balance or as an accumulated                            Employee Retirement Income Security
                                           starting dates in plan years beginning on               percentage of such participant’s final                  Act of 1974, Public Law 93–406 (88 Stat.
                                           or after on or after January 1, 2017. In                average compensation.                                   829 (1974)), as amended (ERISA),
                                           addition, a taxpayer can elect to apply                    Section 411(d)(6)(B) provides that a                 contain rules that are parallel to Code
                                           these regulations with respect to any                   plan amendment that has the effect of                   sections 411(d)(6) and 417(e),
                                           earlier period.                                         eliminating or reducing an early                        respectively. Under section 101 of
                                           FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Neil                   retirement benefit or a retirement-type                 Reorganization Plan No. 4 of 1978 (43
                                           S. Sandhu or Linda S. F. Marshall at                    subsidy, or eliminating an optional form                FR 47713), the Secretary of the Treasury
                                           (202) 317–6700 (not a toll-free number).                of benefit, with respect to benefits                    has interpretive jurisdiction over the
                                           SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:                              attributable to service before the                      subject matter addressed in these
                                                                                                   amendment is treated as impermissibly                   regulations for purposes of ERISA, as
                                           Background                                              reducing accrued benefits. However, the                 well as the Code. Thus, these
                                              This document contains amendments                    last sentence of section 411(d)(6)(B)                   regulations apply for purposes of the
                                           to the Income Tax Regulations (26 CFR                   provides that the Secretary may by                      Code and the corresponding provisions
                                           part 1) under section 417(e) of the                     regulations provide that section                        of ERISA.
                                           Internal Revenue Code (Code). These                     411(d)(6)(B) does not apply to a plan                     In the case of a defined benefit plan
                                           final regulations amend § 1.417(e)–1 of                 amendment that eliminates an optional                   that offers a single-sum distribution or
                                           the Treasury regulations.                               form of benefit (other than a plan                      other form of accelerated distribution as
                                              Section 401(a)(11) of the Code                       amendment that has the effect of                        an optional form of benefit in addition
                                           provides that, in order for a defined                   eliminating or reducing an early                        to the required QJSA, many participants
                                           benefit plan to qualify under section                   retirement benefit or a retirement-type                 have been reluctant to elect lifetime
                                           401(a), and except as provided under                    subsidy).                                               payments to insure against unexpected
                                           section 417, in the case of a vested                       Final regulations under section 417                  longevity, choosing instead an
                                           participant who does not die before the                 relating to the QJSA and QPSA                           accelerated distribution form in order to
                                           annuity starting date, the accrued                                                                              maximize their liquidity. However,
ehiers on DSK5VPTVN1PROD with RULES




                                           benefit payable to such participant must                  1 Under section 411(a)(11)(B), the same applicable    participants who elect a single sum or
                                           be provided in the form of a qualified                  mortality table and applicable interest rate are used   other accelerated form of distribution
                                           joint and survivor annuity (QJSA), as                   for purposes of determining whether the present         may face greater challenges in
                                                                                                   value of a participant’s nonforfeitable accrued
                                           defined in section 417(b).                              benefit exceeds the maximum amount that can be
                                                                                                                                                           protecting against the risk of outliving
                                              Section 417(e)(1) provides that a plan               immediately distributed without the participant’s       their retirement savings. The Treasury
                                           may provide that the present value of a                 consent.                                                Department and the IRS believe that


                                      VerDate Sep<11>2014   15:26 Sep 08, 2016   Jkt 238001   PO 00000   Frm 00007   Fmt 4700   Sfmt 4700   E:\FR\FM\09SER1.SGM   09SER1


                                           62360            Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 175 / Friday, September 9, 2016 / Rules and Regulations

                                           many participants are better served by                  respect to each of those portions of the              accrued benefit expressed in that form;
                                           having the opportunity to elect to                      accrued benefit. Under the second                     over (2) the annuity payable in that form
                                           receive a portion of their retirement                   approach, a plan could have provided                  that is actuarially equivalent to the
                                           benefits in annuity form (which                         for proportionate benefits with respect               single-sum payment, determined using
                                           provides financial protection against                   to each distribution option equal to the              the applicable interest rate and the
                                           unexpected longevity) while receiving                   pro rata portion of the amount of the                 applicable mortality table. Thus, the
                                           accelerated payments for the remainder                  distribution that would be determined if              portion of the participant’s accrued
                                           of their benefits to provide increased                  that distribution option had been                     benefit that is settled by the payment of
                                           liquidity during retirement.                            applied to the entire accrued benefit.                a specified single-sum amount is
                                              In order to permit plans to simplify                 Finally, under the third approach, a                  implicitly determined as the actuarial
                                           the treatment of certain optional forms                 plan could have provided for a specified              equivalent of that single-sum amount.
                                           of benefit that are paid partly in the                  amount to be distributed as a single                     The regulations provide a number of
                                           form of an annuity and partly in a more                 sum, but only if the plan satisfied a                 rules of operation that apply to one or
                                           accelerated form, the IRS issued                        minimum benefit requirement with                      both of the rules for bifurcating the
                                           proposed regulations under section                      respect to the distribution that was not              accrued benefit. In particular, the
                                           417(e)(3) (77 FR 5454) on February 3,                   paid in a single sum.                                 regulations provide that if a participant
                                           2012, that would have modified existing                    Commenters generally supported the                 selects different distribution options
                                           final regulations regarding the minimum                 adoption of the rules in the proposed                 with respect to two separate portions of
                                           present value requirements for defined                  regulations, but raised several specific              the participant’s accrued benefit that
                                           benefit plan distributions. A number of                 issues. Several commenters stated that it             were determined under the rules in
                                           comments were received on the                           was sometimes difficult to determine                  these regulations, then the two different
                                           proposed regulations, and a public                      which approach for bifurcating the                    distribution options are treated as two
                                           hearing was held on June 1, 2012. After                 accrued benefit applied to a particular               separate optional forms of benefit for
                                           consideration of the comments received,                 plan design. These commenters                         purposes of applying the requirements
                                           the Treasury Department and the IRS                     suggested that certain plan designs                   of section 417(e)(3) and § 1.417(e)–1(d),
                                           are issuing these final regulations to                  appeared to fit within more than one                  even if the distribution options have the
                                           adopt the rules set forth in the proposed               approach, while other plan designs that               same annuity starting date. Thus, if one
                                           regulations with modifications in                       were consistent with the intent of the                of those separate optional forms of
                                           response to the comments received.                      proposed regulations did not seem to fit              benefit is exempt from the requirement
                                                                                                   within any approach. In response to                   to use the section 417(e)(3) assumptions,
                                           Explanation of Provisions                               comments received, the rules providing                the plan is required to apply the section
                                           Treatment of Bifurcated Accrued                         for the bifurcation of the accrued benefit            417(e)(3) assumptions only to the other
                                           Benefits                                                have been simplified and clarified in                 optional form of benefit. This would
                                                                                                   these final regulations.                              permit a plan to use its usual annuity
                                              In order to facilitate the payment of                   The final regulations combine the first            equivalence factors for the annuity
                                           benefits partly in the form of an annuity               two bifurcation approaches from the                   portion (rather than being required to
                                           and partly as a single sum (or other                    proposed regulations into a single, more              make a special calculation of the
                                           accelerated form), this document                        broadly applicable rule. Under the rule               annuity portion using the section
                                           amends the regulations under section                    in these final regulations, a plan is                 417(e)(3) assumptions). The approach
                                           417(e) to permit plans to simplify the                  permitted to explicitly bifurcate the                 set forth in these regulations is simpler
                                           treatment of certain optional forms of                  accrued benefit so that the plan                      than applying the section 417(e)(3)
                                           benefit that are paid to a participant                  provides that the requirements of                     assumptions to the entire optional form
                                           partly in the form of an annuity that is                § 1.417(e)–1(d) apply to a specified                  of benefit, and yields an intuitive result
                                           excepted from the minimum present                       portion of a participant’s accrued                    that is consistent with plan sponsor and
                                           value requirements of section 417(e)(3)                 benefit as if that portion were the                   participant expectations.
                                           pursuant to § 1.417(e)–1(d)(6) and partly               participant’s entire accrued benefit. This               The regulations provide that explicit
                                           in a more accelerated form. Like the                    rule does not impose any requirements                 bifurcation must be used in specified
                                           proposed regulations, these final                       with respect to the distribution options              cases. One such case is the situation in
                                           regulations provide rules under which                   for the remaining portion of the accrued              which a plan has been amended to
                                           the participant’s accrued benefit can be                benefit.                                              eliminate an optional form of benefit
                                           bifurcated so that the minimum present                     An alternative rule is provided in the             (but, in accordance with section
                                           value requirements of section 417(e)(3)                 final regulations under which a plan                  411(d)(6), retains the optional form of
                                           and § 1.417(e)–1(d) apply to only the                   that distributes a specified single-sum               benefit with respect to benefits accrued
                                           portion of the participant’s accrued                    amount to a participant satisfies the                 as of the applicable amendment date).
                                           benefit that is paid in an accelerated                  requirements of § 1.417(e)-1(d) with                  Commenters indicated that it was
                                           form.                                                   respect to that payment, provided the                 unclear which bifurcation approach
                                              The proposed regulations would have                  remaining portion of the participant’s                would apply to this situation under the
                                           provided for three different approaches                 accrued benefit satisfies a minimum                   proposed regulations. In response to
                                           to bifurcating the accrued benefit so that              requirement. This rule is essentially the             these comments, the final regulations
                                           the minimum present value                               same as the third bifurcation approach                specify that if the amount of a
                                           requirements apply to only a portion of                 from the proposed regulations. Under                  distribution in an optional form of
                                           the accrued benefit. Under the first                    this alternative rule, the portion of the             benefit to which § 1.417(e)–1(d) applies
                                           approach in the proposed regulations, a                 participant’s accrued benefit, expressed              is determined by reference to the
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                                           plan could have provided for two                        in the normal form of benefit under the               portion of a participant’s accrued
                                           separate portions of the accrued benefit                plan and commencing at normal                         benefit as of the applicable amendment
                                           that were determined without regard to                  retirement age (or at the current date, if            date, then the plan is not permitted to
                                           any election of optional form of benefit                later), that is not settled by the single-            use the alternative rule under which the
                                           and permitted a participant to select                   sum payment must be no less than the                  amount of the benefit that is settled by
                                           different distribution options with                     excess of: (1) The participant’s total                the single-sum payment is implicitly


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                                                            Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 175 / Friday, September 9, 2016 / Rules and Regulations                                          62361

                                           determined but could use the explicit                   benefit if the participant elected to                 ■  1. Redesignating paragraph (d)(1) as
                                           bifurcation rule in order to avoid                      receive the entire accrued benefit in that            paragraph (d)(1)(i) and revising the
                                           application of section 417(e) to both                   form.                                                 heading of the newly redesignated
                                           optional forms of benefit. The implicit                    The final regulations include a                    paragraph (d)(1)(i).
                                           bifurcation rule also is not available in               number of examples in order to                        ■ 2. Adding a heading for paragraph
                                           a situation in which a single-sum                       illustrate the bifurcation rules of the               (d)(1).
                                           distribution is available to settle a                   regulations and the rules of operation                ■ 3. In the first sentence of newly
                                           participant’s entire accrued benefit and                with respect to these rules.                          redesignated paragraph (d)(1)(i),
                                           the plan permits a portion of the benefit                                                                     removing ‘‘A defined benefit plan’’ and
                                                                                                   Effective/Applicability Date
                                           to be paid as a lump sum.                                                                                     adding ‘‘Except as provided in section
                                              Under the regulations, if a plan                       These regulations are effective on                  411(a)(13) and the regulations
                                           provides for an early retirement benefit,               September 9, 2016.                                    thereunder, a defined benefit plan’’ in
                                           a retirement-type subsidy, an optional                    The changes under these regulations                 its place.
                                           form of benefit, or an ancillary benefit,               apply to distributions with annuity                   ■ 4. Adding paragraph (d)(1)(ii).
                                           that applies only to a portion of a                     starting dates in plan years beginning on             ■ 5. Revising paragraph (d)(7), the
                                           participant’s accrued benefit, and the                  or after January 1, 2017. However,                    heading for paragraph (d)(8), and
                                           plan provides for an accelerated form of                taxpayers may apply these rules to                    paragraph (d)(8)(i).
                                           distribution that settles some, but not                 earlier periods.                                      ■ 6. Adding paragraph (d)(8)(v).
                                           all, of the participant’s accrued benefit,                                                                       The additions and revisions read as
                                                                                                   Special Analyses
                                           then the plan must specify which                                                                              follows:
                                           portion of the participant’s total accrued                 Certain IRS regulations, including this
                                                                                                   one, are exempt from the requirements                 § 1.417(e)–1 Restrictions and valuations of
                                           benefit is settled by that distribution.                                                                      distributions from plans subject to sections
                                           This is necessary in order to determine                 of Executive Order 12866, as
                                                                                                                                                         401(a)(11) and 417.
                                           the extent to which the early retirement                supplemented and reaffirmed by
                                           benefit, retirement-type subsidy,                       Executive Order 13563. Therefore, a                   *      *     *     *     *
                                                                                                   regulatory assessment is not required. It               (d) Present value requirement—(1)
                                           optional form of benefit, or ancillary
                                                                                                   also has been determined that section                 General rule—(i) Defined benefit plans.
                                           benefit applies with respect to the
                                                                                                   553(b) of the Administrative Procedure                * * *
                                           remaining portion of the accrued
                                                                                                   Act (5 U.S.C. chapter 5) does not apply                 (ii) Defined contribution plans.
                                           benefit. For example, if a plan had one
                                                                                                   to these regulations, and because the                 Because the accrued benefit under a
                                           set of early retirement factors that
                                                                                                   regulation does not impose a collection               defined contribution plan equals the
                                           applied to the accrued benefit as of
                                                                                                   of information on small entities, the                 account balance, a defined contribution
                                           December 31, 2005, but a different set of
                                                                                                   Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C.                  plan is not subject to the requirements
                                           early retirement factors that applied to
                                                                                                   chapter 6) does not apply. Pursuant to                of this paragraph (d), regardless of
                                           benefit accruals earned after that date,
                                                                                                   section 7805(f) of the Code, the                      whether the requirements of section
                                           and the plan provides for a single-sum
                                                                                                   proposed regulations preceding these                  401(a)(11) apply to the plan.
                                           distribution that settles only a portion of
                                           a participant’s accrued benefit, then the               final regulations were submitted to the               *      *     *     *     *
                                           plan must specify which portion of the                  Chief Counsel for Advocacy of the Small                 (7) Application to portion of a
                                           accrued benefit is settled by that                      Business Administration for comment                   participant’s benefit—(i) In general.
                                           distribution (in order to determine                     on its impact on small business.                      This paragraph (d)(7) provides rules
                                           which early retirement factors apply to                                                                       under which the requirements of this
                                                                                                   Drafting Information                                  paragraph (d) apply to the distribution
                                           the remaining portion of the accrued
                                           benefit).                                                 The principal authors of these                      of only a portion of a participant’s
                                              The regulations provide for limited                  regulations are Neil S. Sandhu and                    accrued benefit. Paragraph (d)(7)(ii) of
                                           section 411(d)(6) relief in the case of a               Linda S. F. Marshall, Office of Division              this section provides rules for how a
                                           plan that, for plan years beginning                     Counsel/Associate Chief Counsel (Tax                  participant’s accrued benefit may be
                                           before January 1, 2017, uses the section                Exempt and Government Entities).                      bifurcated into separate components for
                                           417(e)(3) applicable interest rate and                  However, other personnel from the IRS                 purposes of applying this paragraph (d).
                                           applicable mortality table to calculate                 and the Treasury Department                           Paragraph (d)(7)(iii) of this section
                                           the amount of a distribution that is                    participated in the development of these              provides rules of application. Paragraph
                                           made to settle a portion of the accrued                 regulations.                                          (d)(7)(iv) of this section provides certain
                                           benefit if, pursuant to these final                                                                           limited section 411(d)(6) relief, and
                                                                                                   List of Subjects in 26 CFR Part 1                     paragraph (d)(7)(v) of this section
                                           regulations, the requirements of section
                                           417(e)(3) need not apply to the                           Income taxes, Reporting and                         provides examples of the application of
                                           distribution. In such a case, section                   recordkeeping requirements.                           the rules of this paragraph (d)(7).
                                           411(d)(6) is not violated solely because,                                                                       (ii) Bifurcation of accrued benefit—
                                                                                                   Adoption of Amendments to the
                                           in accordance with these final                                                                                (A) Explicit plan-specified bifurcation.
                                                                                                   Regulations
                                           regulations, the plan is amended on or                                                                        A plan is permitted to provide that the
                                           before December 31, 2017, to provide                      Accordingly, 26 CFR part 1 is                       requirements of this paragraph (d) apply
                                           that the amount of the distribution                     amended as follows:                                   to a specified portion of a participant’s
                                           described in the preceding sentence to                                                                        accrued benefit as if that portion were
                                           which the requirements of section                       PART 1—INCOME TAXES                                   the participant’s entire accrued benefit.
                                           417(e)(3) need not apply is determined                    Paragraph 1. The authority citation                 For example, a plan is permitted to
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                                                                                                   ■
                                           for an annuity starting date on or after                for part 1 continues to read in part as               provide that a distribution in the form
                                           the applicable amendment date (within                   follows:                                              of a single-sum payment described in
                                           the meaning of § 1.411(d)–3(g)(4)) using                                                                      this paragraph (d)(7)(ii)(A) is made to
                                           the same actuarial assumptions that                         Authority: 26 U.S.C. 7805 * * *                   settle a specified percentage of the
                                           would apply to calculate the amount of                  ■ Par. 2. Section 1.417(e)–1 is amended               participant’s accrued benefit. As another
                                           a distribution in that same form of                     by:                                                   example, a plan is permitted to provide


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                                           62362            Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 175 / Friday, September 9, 2016 / Rules and Regulations

                                           that a distribution in the form of a                    distribution in an optional form of                   in accordance with this paragraph
                                           single-sum payment described in this                    benefit to which this paragraph (d)                   (d)(7), the plan is amended on or before
                                           paragraph (d)(7)(ii)(A) is made to settle               applies is determined by reference to                 December 31, 2017, to provide that the
                                           the accrued benefit derived from                        the portion of a participant’s accrued                amount of a distribution described in
                                           contributions made by an employee. In                   benefit as of the applicable amendment                the preceding sentence is determined
                                           both examples, the distribution must                    date for an amendment that eliminates                 for an annuity starting date on or after
                                           satisfy the requirements of this                        that optional form of benefit (but, in                the applicable amendment date (within
                                           paragraph (d) with respect to the                       accordance with section 411(d)(6),                    the meaning of § 1.411(d)–3(g)(4)) using
                                           specified portion of the accrued benefit,               retains the optional form of benefit with             the same actuarial assumptions that
                                           and the remaining portion of the                        respect to benefits accrued as of the                 apply to calculate the amount of a
                                           accrued benefit (the participant’s total                applicable amendment date), then the                  distribution in the same form of benefit
                                           accrued benefit less the portion of the                 plan must provide for explicit                        that is made to settle the participant’s
                                           accrued benefit settled by the single-                  bifurcation of the accrued benefit as                 entire accrued benefit.
                                           sum payment) can be paid in some other                  described in paragraph (d)(7)(ii)(A) of                  (v) Examples. The following examples
                                           form of distribution that is available                  this section.
                                                                                                                                                         illustrate the rules of this paragraph
                                           under the plan.                                            (2) Single-sum available with respect
                                                                                                                                                         (d)(7). Unless otherwise indicated, these
                                              (B) Distribution of specified amount.                to entire accrued benefit. If a plan
                                           A plan that provides for a distribution                 provides that a single-sum distribution               examples are based on the following
                                           of a single-sum payment that is not                     is available to settle a participant’s                assumptions: The taxpayers elect to
                                           described in paragraph (d)(7)(ii)(A) of                 entire accrued benefit, then, in order to             apply the rules of this paragraph (d)(7)
                                           this section satisfies the requirements of              also provide for a distribution in the                in 2016; each plan is a noncontributory
                                           this paragraph (d) with respect to that                 form of a single-sum payment that                     defined benefit plan with a calendar-
                                           distribution if the portion of the                      settles only a portion of a participant’s             year plan year and a normal retirement
                                           participant’s accrued benefit, expressed                accrued benefit, the plan must provide                age of age 65; a one-year stability period
                                           in the normal form of benefit under the                 for explicit bifurcation of the accrued               coinciding with the calendar year and a
                                           plan and commencing at normal                           benefit as described in paragraph                     two-month lookback are used for
                                           retirement age (or at the current date, if              (d)(7)(ii)(A) of this section.                        determining the applicable interest rate;
                                           later), that is not settled by the                         (D) Application of different factors to            and all participant elections are made
                                           distribution is no less than the excess                 different portions of the accrued benefit.            with proper spousal consent. The
                                           of—                                                     If a plan provides for an early retirement            November 2015 segment rates are
                                              (1) The participant’s total accrued                  benefit, a retirement-type subsidy, an                1.76%, 4.15% and 5.13%.
                                           benefit expressed in that form; over                    optional form of benefit, or an ancillary                Example 1. (i) Plan A offers a number of
                                              (2) The annuity payable in that form                 benefit, that applies only to a portion of            optional forms of payment, including a
                                           that is actuarially equivalent to the                   a participant’s accrued benefit, and the              qualified joint and survivor annuity and a
                                           single-sum payment, determined using                    plan provides for a distribution that                 single-sum payment. The single-sum
                                           the applicable interest rate and the                    settles some, but not all, of the                     payment is equal to the present value of the
                                           applicable mortality table.                                                                                   participant’s immediate benefit (but not less
                                                                                                   participant’s accrued benefit, then the
                                                                                                                                                         than the present value of the participant’s
                                              (iii) Rules of operation—(A) Multiple                plan must specify which portion of the                accrued benefit payable at normal retirement
                                           distribution options. If a participant                  participant’s total accrued benefit is                age) using the applicable interest and
                                           selects different distribution options                  settled by that distribution. For                     mortality rates under section 417(e)(3). The
                                           with respect to two separate portions of                example, if a plan had one set of early               amount of the joint and survivor annuity is
                                           the participant’s accrued benefit that                  retirement factors that applied to the                determined using plan factors that are not
                                           were determined in accordance with                      accrued benefit as of December 31,                    based on the applicable interest and
                                           paragraph (d)(7)(ii) of this section, then              2005, but a different set of early                    mortality rates under section 417(e)(3). Plan
                                           the two different distribution options                  retirement factors that applied to benefit            A permits a participant to elect to receive a
                                                                                                                                                         percentage of the accrued benefit as a single
                                           are treated as two separate optional                    accruals earned after that date, and the              sum and the remainder in any annuity form
                                           forms of benefit for purposes of                        plan provides for a single-sum                        provided under the plan, with the amount of
                                           applying the requirements of section                    distribution that settles only a portion of           the single-sum payment determined by
                                           417(e)(3) and this paragraph (d), even if               a participant’s accrued benefit, then the             multiplying the amount that would be
                                           the distribution options have the same                  plan must specify which portion of the                payable if the entire benefit were paid as a
                                           annuity starting date. Thus, if the                     accrued benefit is settled by that                    single sum by the percentage of the accrued
                                           exception from the requirements of                      distribution (in order to determine                   benefit settled by the single-sum payment.
                                           section 417(e)(3) and this paragraph (d)                which early retirement factors apply to                  (ii) Participant S retires at age 62 in 2016,
                                           that is contained in paragraph (d)(6) of                the remaining portion of the accrued                  with an accrued benefit of $1,000 per month
                                                                                                                                                         payable as a straight life annuity at normal
                                           this section applies to one of those                    benefit).                                             retirement age. Participant S is eligible for an
                                           optional forms of benefit, then this                       (iv) Limited section 411(d)(6) anti-               unreduced early retirement benefit and can
                                           paragraph (d) applies only to the other                 cutback relief. This paragraph (d)(7)(iv)             therefore collect a straight life annuity benefit
                                           optional form of benefit.                               applies in the case of a plan that, for               of $1,000 per month beginning immediately.
                                              (B) Repeated application of rule. If a               plan years beginning before January 1,                Alternatively, Participant S can elect to
                                           participant’s accrued benefit has been                  2017, uses the section 417(e)(3)                      receive the benefit in other forms, including
                                           bifurcated in accordance with paragraph                 applicable interest rate and applicable               a single-sum payment of $168,516 (based on
                                           (d)(7)(ii) of this section, then the                    mortality table to calculate the amount               the applicable interest and mortality rates
                                           provisions of paragraph (d)(7)(ii) of this              of a distribution that is made to settle              under section 417(e), which are the
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                                                                                                                                                         November 2015 segment rates and the 2016
                                           section may be applied again to                         a portion of the accrued benefit if,
                                                                                                                                                         applicable mortality table), or a 100% joint
                                           bifurcate the remaining accrued benefit.                pursuant to this paragraph (d)(7), the                and survivor annuity of $850 per month
                                              (C) Requirement to use explicit plan-                requirements of section 417(e)(3) and                 (based on the plan’s actuarial equivalence
                                           specified bifurcation in certain cases—                 this paragraph (d) need not apply to the              factors). Participant S elects to receive 25%
                                           (1) Section 411(d)(6)—protected                         distribution. In such a case, section                 of the accrued benefit in the form of a single-
                                           optional form. If the amount of a                       411(d)(6) is not violated merely because,             sum payment and the remaining 75% of the



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                                                            Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 175 / Friday, September 9, 2016 / Rules and Regulations                                            62363

                                           accrued benefit as a 100% joint and survivor            benefit over (B) the annuity that is actuarially      T is $1,125 × 14.632 × 12 = $197,532. (Note
                                           annuity.                                                equivalent to the single-sum payment,                 that this amount is larger than the age-60
                                              (iii) Participant S receives a single-sum            (determined using the applicable interest and         present value of T’s accrued benefit without
                                           payment with respect to 25% of the accrued              mortality rates under section 417(e)(3) as            taking mortality before age 65 into account,
                                           benefit. Accordingly, this single-sum                   applicable), both expressed in the normal             $1,500 × 10.209 × 12 = $183,762.) Participant
                                           payment is equal to 25% of the full single-             form of benefit commencing at normal                  T elects to receive a partial single-sum
                                           sum amount, or $42,129. The remaining                   retirement age. The amount of that                    payment of $32,000, equal to T’s
                                           portion of the accrued benefit is 75% of the            actuarially equivalent annuity is determined          accumulated contributions with interest and
                                           total accrued benefit, or $750 per month                by dividing Participant T’s single-sum                to take the remaining accrued benefit in the
                                           payable as a straight life annuity at normal            payment of $32,000 by the deferred annuity            form of a 10-year certain and life annuity
                                           retirement age.                                         factor for lifetime payments commencing at            commencing at age 60.
                                              (iv) To settle the remaining portion of the          age 65 under the terms of Plan B (10.209, not            (ii) Because the plan also provides for a
                                           accrued benefit, in addition to the single-sum          considering mortality for the deferral period)        single-sum payment option with respect to a
                                           payment of $42,129, Participant S receives a            and dividing by 12 for an actuarially                 participant’s entire benefit, pursuant to
                                           100% joint and survivor annuity in the                  equivalent monthly benefit commencing at              paragraph (d)(7)(iii)(C)(2) of this section the
                                           amount of $637.50 per month, which is                   age 65 of $261.21. Thus, in order to satisfy          partial single-sum payment must be
                                           determined by applying the plan’s unreduced             paragraph (d)(7)(ii)(B) of this section, the          determined pursuant to the explicit
                                           early retirement and actuarial equivalence              remaining portion of T’s accrued benefit              bifurcation rules of paragraph (d)(7)(ii)(A) of
                                           factors to the remaining portion of the                 must be at least $1,238.79 per month                  this section.
                                           accrued benefit of $750 per month payable as            ($1,500.00¥$261.21) payable as a straight                (iii) The portion of the participant’s
                                           a straight life annuity at normal retirement            life annuity at normal retirement age.                accrued benefit that is settled by the single-
                                           age. The joint and survivor annuity benefit is             (iv) Based on Plan B’s early retirement and        sum payment of $32,000 is determined as the
                                           not subject to the minimum present value                optional form factors applied to the                  amount that bears the same ratio to the total
                                           requirements of section 417(e)(3) because it            remaining portion, the annuity benefit                accrued benefit as that single-sum payment
                                           is treated as a separate optional form of               payable to Participant T in the form of a 10-         bears to the single-sum payment with respect
                                           benefit under paragraph (d)(7)(iii)(A) of this          year certain and life annuity beginning at age        to the entire accrued benefit (($32,000 ÷
                                           section.                                                60 cannot be less than $910.51 per month              $197,532) × $1,500), which is $243 per
                                              Example 2. (i) Plan B is a contributory              ($1,238.79 × 75% × 98%). Participant T                month payable as a straight life annuity at
                                           defined benefit plan that permits a                     receives this in addition to the single-sum           normal retirement age. Thus, the remaining
                                           participant to elect a single sum distribution          payment of $32,000. The 10-year certain and           portion of the accrued benefit is $1,257.00
                                           equal to the participant’s employee                     life benefit is not subject to the minimum            per month payable as a straight life annuity
                                           contributions, accumulated with interest,               present value requirements of section                 at normal retirement age.
                                           with the remainder payable as an annuity.               417(e)(3) because it is treated as a separate            (iv) Based on Plan B’s early retirement and
                                           Plan B provides that the probability of death           optional form of benefit under paragraph              optional form factors applied to the
                                           before normal retirement age is not taken into          (d)(7)(iii)(A) of this section.                       remaining portion, the annuity benefit
                                           account for purposes of determining actuarial              (v) If, instead, Plan B’s terms had provided       payable to Participant T in the form of a 10-
                                           equivalence between the single-sum payment              for a single-sum payment equal to the present         year certain and life annuity beginning at age
                                           and an annuity at normal retirement age.                value of the participant’s employee-provided          60 is $923.90 per month ($1,257 × 75% ×
                                           Based on the applicable mortality table for             accrued benefit as determined under section           98%). Participant T receives this benefit in
                                           2016 and the November 2015 segment rates,               411(c)(3), then the plan is determining the           addition to the single sum payment of
                                           the deferred annuity factor at age 60 for               single-sum payment as the present value of            $32,000. The 10-year certain and life benefit
                                           lifetime payments commencing at age 65                  a specified portion of the accrued benefit. In        is not subject to the minimum present value
                                           (determined without taking mortality before             such a case, the plan is using explicit               requirements of section 417(e)(3) because it
                                           age 65 into account) is 10.209.                         bifurcation as described in paragraph                 is treated as a separate optional form of
                                              (ii) Participant T retires at age 60 in 2016         (d)(7)(ii)(A) of this section and the single-sum      benefit under paragraph (d)(7)(iii)(A) of this
                                           with an accrued benefit of $1,500 per month             payment would have to be set equal to the             section.
                                           payable as a straight life annuity                      present value, determined under Plan B’s                 Example 4. (i) Plan C was amended to
                                           commencing at normal retirement age. For                terms, of T’s employee-provided accrued               freeze benefits under a traditional defined
                                           benefits commencing at age 60, Plan B                   benefit (which may or may not be equal to             benefit formula as of December 31, 2016, and
                                           provides for an early retirement reduction              T’s accumulated contributions and interest,           to provide benefits under a cash balance
                                           factor of 75% and an actuarial equivalence              depending on the plan’s terms). The                   formula beginning January 1, 2017. The plan
                                           factor of 98% for adjusting a straight life             remaining annuity benefit payable to                  provides that participants may elect separate
                                           annuity to a 10-year certain and life annuity,          Participant T would have been based on an             distribution options for the portion of the
                                           neither of which is based on the applicable             accrued benefit equal to $1,500 per month             benefit accrued under the traditional formula
                                           interest and mortality rates under section              minus the amount of T’s employee-provided             as of December 31, 2016, and the portion of
                                           417(e)(3). Participant T’s benefit commencing           accrued benefit.                                      the benefit earned under the cash balance
                                           at age 60 in the form of a 10-year certain and             Example 3. (i) The facts are the same as in        formula. Furthermore, the plan provides that
                                           life annuity would be $1,500 × 75% × 98%                Example 2 of this paragraph (d)(7)(v), except         a participant may elect to receive a single-
                                           = $1,102.50 per month. Participant T elects             that Plan B also offers a single-sum payment          sum payment only with respect to the
                                           to receive a single sum payment of $32,000              option with respect to a participant’s entire         portion of the benefit earned under the cash
                                           equal to T’s accumulated contributions with             benefit. The single-sum payment is                    balance formula.
                                           interest, and the remainder as a 10-year                determined as the present value of the                   (ii) In accordance with paragraph
                                           certain and life annuity.                               participant’s early retirement benefit (but no        (d)(7)(ii)(A) of this section, Plan C provides
                                              (iii) The single-sum payment elected by              less than the present value of the                    for an explicitly bifurcated accrued benefit
                                           Participant T is a distribution that is                 participant’s accrued benefit) using the              because the portion of the accrued benefit
                                           determined by reference to Participant T’s              applicable interest and mortality rates under         settled by a distribution is determined
                                           contributions and interest, and not by                  section 417(e)(3). Based on the applicable            separately for the portion under the
                                           reference to a specified portion of the                 mortality table for 2016 and the November             traditional formula and the portion under the
                                           participant’s accrued benefit. Therefore, the           2015 segment rates, the immediate annuity             cash balance formula. As provided under
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                                           single-sum payment is not described in                  factor for lifetime payments commencing at            paragraph (d)(7)(iii)(A) of this section, a
                                           paragraph (d)(7)(ii)(A) of this section. In             age 60 is 14.632. Under the terms of the plan,        single-sum payment under the cash balance
                                           order to satisfy paragraph (d)(7)(ii)(B) of this        the early retirement benefit payable as a             formula and a distribution option under the
                                           section, the portion of the participant’s               straight life annuity to Participant T at age 60      traditional formula are treated as two
                                           accrued benefit that is not settled by the              with respect to T’s full accrued benefit is           separate optional forms of benefit for
                                           single-sum payment must be no less than the             $1,125 ($1,500 × 75%), and the                        purposes of applying the provisions of the
                                           excess of (A) the participant’s total accrued           corresponding single-sum amount payable to            plan implementing the requirements of



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                                           62364            Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 175 / Friday, September 9, 2016 / Rules and Regulations

                                           section 417(e)(3) and this paragraph (d).               (d)(7)(ii)(A) of this section, 1⁄3 of the cash        applicable mortality table for 2016 and the
                                           Therefore, whether a participant elects to              balance hypothetical account is settled by the        November 2015 segment rates ($10,000 ÷ 12
                                           receive a single-sum payment of the portion             distribution paid out as a single sum (that is,       ÷ 7.602). Therefore, pursuant to paragraph
                                           of the benefit earned under the cash balance            $15,000 ÷ $45,000). After the single-sum              (d)(7)(ii)(B) of this section, in order to satisfy
                                           formula does not affect whether the                     payment, the remaining portion of the                 this paragraph (d) the remaining portion of
                                           distribution elected with respect to the                accrued benefit derived from the cash                 the accrued benefit after the single-sum
                                           portion of the benefit earned as of December            balance account is 2⁄3 of the initial accrued         payment of $10,000 must be no less than
                                           31, 2016, is subject to the minimum present             benefit derived from the cash balance                 $890.38 per month payable as a straight life
                                           value requirements of section 417(e)(3).                account, or a straight life annuity at normal         annuity at normal retirement age
                                              Example 5. (i) The facts are the same as in          retirement age of $213.33 per month (2⁄3 ×            ($1,000.00¥$109.62).
                                           Example 4 of this paragraph (d)(7)(v), except           $320).                                                  (iv) Based on Plan D’s early retirement and
                                           that Plan C also permits a participant to elect,           (iv) To settle the remaining portion of the        optional form factors, in order to satisfy this
                                           with respect to the cash balance portion of             entire accrued benefit (the portion of the            paragraph (d), the annuity benefit payable to
                                           the benefit, to receive a percentage of that            benefit attributable to service as of December        Participant X in the form of a 100% joint-
                                           portion as a single sum and the remainder in            31, 2016 plus the remaining portion of the            and-survivor annuity beginning at age 55
                                           any annuity form provided under the plan,               cash balance benefit), Participant W receives         must be no less than $712.30 per month
                                           with the amount of the single-sum payment               a monthly life annuity of $713.33 per month           ($890.38 × .8). Participant X receives this
                                           determined by multiplying the amount that               payable as a straight life annuity at normal          benefit in addition to the single sum payment
                                           would be payable if the entire cash balance             retirement age (equal to the $500 straight life       of $10,000. The joint and survivor annuity
                                           portion were paid as a single sum by the                annuity at normal retirement age earned as of         benefit is not subject to the minimum present
                                           percentage of the cash balance portion settled          December 31, 2016 plus the remaining                  value requirements of section 417(e)(3)
                                           by the single-sum payment. Participant W                benefit derived from the cash balance portion         because it is treated as a separate optional
                                           retires at age 65, with an accrued benefit              of a straight life annuity payable at normal          form of benefit under paragraph (d)(7)(iii)(A)
                                           under the traditional defined benefit formula           retirement age of $213.33 per month).                 of this section.
                                           (earned as of December 31, 2016) of $500 per            Participant W’s election to receive a single-           Example 7. (i) Plan E provides for an
                                           month payable as a straight life annuity at             sum payment of part of the benefit earned             unreduced early retirement benefit for
                                           normal retirement age and a cash balance                under the cash balance formula does not               participants who have met certain age and
                                           hypothetical account balance of $45,000.                affect whether the remainder of Participant           service requirements. Prior to amendment,
                                           Based on Plan C’s actuarial equivalence                 W’s distribution is subject to the minimum            Plan E permitted participants to elect a
                                           factors, Participant W’s accrued benefit                present value requirements of section                 single-sum payment equal to the present
                                           derived from the cash balance hypothetical              417(e)(3).                                            value of the participant’s unreduced early
                                           account is $320 per month, payable as a                    Example 6. (i) Plan D permits participants         retirement benefit, determined using the
                                           straight life annuity at normal retirement age.         to elect a single-sum payment of up to                applicable interest rate and applicable
                                           Participant W elects to receive 1⁄3 or $15,000          $10,000 with the remaining benefit payable            mortality table under section 417(e)(3). Plan
                                           of the current hypothetical account balance             in the form of an annuity. Participant X              E did not permit participants to elect a
                                           in the form of a single sum and to receive the          retires in 2016 at age 55 with an accrued             single-sum payment with respect to only a
                                           remainder of the total accrued benefit as a             benefit of $1,000 per month payable as a              portion of their benefits. Effective December
                                           straight life annuity.                                  straight life annuity at normal retirement age.       31, 2012, Plan E was amended to eliminate
                                              (ii) Under the analysis set forth in Example         Participant X is eligible for an unreduced            the single-sum payment with respect to
                                           4 of this paragraph (d)(7)(v), Plan C provides          early retirement benefit of $1,000 per month          benefits accrued after that date.
                                           for an explicitly bifurcated accrued benefit            payable as a straight life annuity.                     (ii) Participant Y retires on December 31,
                                           with respect to the traditional defined benefit         Alternatively, based on Plan D’s definition of        2016, at age 60, after meeting Plan E’s age
                                           portion and the cash balance portion because            actuarial equivalence (which is not based on          and service requirements for an unreduced
                                           the portion of the accrued benefit settled by           the applicable interest and mortality rates           early retirement benefit. Participant Y’s
                                           a distribution is determined separately for             under section 417(e)(3)), Participant X can           accrued benefit is $1,000 per month payable
                                           the portion under the traditional formula and           receive an immediate benefit in the form of           as a straight life annuity commencing at
                                           the portion under the cash balance formula.             a 100% joint and survivor annuity of $800             normal retirement age, of which $800 per
                                           As provided under paragraph (d)(7)(iii)(A) of           per month. Participant X elects to receive a          month was accrued as of December 31, 2012.
                                           this section, a single-sum payment under the            single-sum payment of $10,000, with the               Participant Y elects to take a single-sum
                                           cash balance formula and a distribution                 balance of the benefit payable as a 100% joint        payment based on the benefit accrued as of
                                           option under the traditional formula are                and survivor annuity beginning at age 55.             December 31, 2012, with the remainder paid
                                           treated as two separate optional forms of               Based on the applicable mortality table for           as a lifetime annuity commencing at age 60.
                                           benefit for purposes of applying the                    2016 and the November 2015 segment rates,             Based on the applicable mortality table for
                                           provisions of the plan implementing the                 the deferred annuity factor at age 55 for             2016 and the November 2015 segment rates,
                                           requirements of section 417(e)(3) and this              lifetime payments commencing at age 65 is             the immediate annuity factor for lifetime
                                           paragraph (d). Thus, a separate distribution            7.602.                                                payments commencing at age 60 is 14.632, so
                                           option may be chosen for each of these two                 (ii) Plan D provides for a single-sum              Y’s single-sum payment is $800 × 12 × 14.632
                                           portions, and section 417(e)(3) applies                 distribution of a portion of the participant’s        = $140,467.20.
                                           separately to each portion.                             accrued benefit but, because the plan initially         (iii) In accordance with paragraph
                                              (iii) In accordance with paragraph                   specifies the amount of the single-sum                (d)(7)(iii)(C)(1) of this section, Plan E
                                           (d)(7)(ii)(A) of this section, Plan C also              distribution (rather than the portion of the          provides for explicit bifurcation of the
                                           provides for an explicitly bifurcated accrued           accrued benefit that is being settled by that         accrued benefit as described in paragraph
                                           benefit with respect to the cash balance                distribution), Plan D is described in                 (d)(7)(ii)(A) of this section. Therefore,
                                           benefit because the plan provides that a                paragraph (d)(7)(ii)(B) of this section. As           Participant Y must receive an annuity of
                                           distribution in the form of a single-sum                provided under paragraph (d)(7)(iii)(A) of            $200 earned after December 31, 2012 in
                                           payment is made to settle a specified                   this section, the single-sum payment and the          addition to the single-sum payment of
                                           percentage of the cash balance benefit. As              joint-and-survivor annuity selected by                $140,467. Plan E is not permitted to use the
                                           provided under paragraph (d)(7)(iii)(A) of              Participant X are treated as two separate             approach described in paragraph (d)(7)(ii)(B)
                                           this section, the single-sum payment and the            optional forms of benefit for purposes of             of this section to reduce or eliminate the
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                                           annuity selected by Participant W with                  applying the provisions of the plan                   $200 annuity earned after December 31,
                                           respect to the cash balance benefit are treated         implementing the requirements of section              2012.
                                           as two separate optional forms of benefit for           417(e)(3) and this paragraph (d).
                                           purposes of applying the provisions of the                 (iii) A straight life annuity of $109.62 per         (8) Effective/applicability date—(i) In
                                           plan implementing the requirements of                   month payable at normal retirement age is             general. Except as otherwise provided
                                           section 417(e)(3) and this paragraph (d).               actuarially equivalent to the $10,000 single-         in this paragraph (d)(8), this paragraph
                                           Thus, in accordance with paragraph                      sum payment, determined using the                     (d) applies to distributions with annuity


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                                                            Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 175 / Friday, September 9, 2016 / Rules and Regulations                                              62365

                                           starting dates in plan years beginning on               5347, email James.C.Robinson@                         Festival’’ on the Cumberland River from
                                           or after January 1, 1995.                               uscg.mil.                                             mile marker 190.0 to mile marker 192.0
                                           *     *      *     *    *                               SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:      The Coast             on September 10, 2016, to provide for
                                             (v) Effective date for special rules                  Guard will enforce a special local                    the safety of life on these navigable
                                           applicable to the payment of a portion                  regulation for the Louisville Dragon                  waters during the Cumberland River
                                           of a participant’s benefit. Paragraph                   Boat Festival listed in 33 CFR 100.801,               Dragon Boat Festival. Our regulation for
                                           (d)(7) of this section applies to                       Table no. 1, Line no. 12, from 7 a.m. to              Recurring Marine Events in Captain of
                                           distributions with annuity starting dates               5:30 p.m. on September 9, 2016 and                    the Port Ohio Valley Zone identifies the
                                           in plan years beginning on or after                     from 7 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. on September                 regulated area for this event. During the
                                           January 1, 2017. However, taxpayers                     10, 2016. This action is necessary to                 enforcement period, no vessel may enter
                                           may elect to apply the rules of                         protect persons, property, and                        into, transit through or anchor in the
                                           paragraph (d)(7) of this section to earlier             infrastructure from potential damage                  regulated area unless specifically
                                           periods.                                                and safety hazards associated with the                authorized by the Captain of the Port
                                           *     *      *     *    *                               Louisville Dragon Boat Festival. These                (COTP) Ohio Valley or a designated
                                                                                                   regulations can be found in the Code of               representative.
                                           John M. Dalrymple,
                                                                                                   Federal Regulations, under 33 CFR
                                           Deputy Commissioner for Services and                    100.801. During the enforcement period                DATES: The regulations in 33 CFR
                                           Enforcement.
                                                                                                   no vessel may transit this regulated area             100.801, Table 1, no. 34, will be
                                             Approved: August 3, 2016.                             unless registered with the sponsor as a               enforced from 5 a.m. until 5 p.m., on
                                           Mark J. Mazur,                                          participant or official patrol vessel, or             September 10, 2016.
                                           Assistant Secretary of the Treasury (Tax                unless authorized by the Captain of the
                                           Policy).                                                Port (COTP). If permission is granted, all            FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:     If
                                           [FR Doc. 2016–21393 Filed 9–8–16; 8:45 am]              persons and vessels shall comply with                 you have questions about this notice of
                                           BILLING CODE 4830–01–P                                  the instructions of the COTP or                       enforcement, call or email Petty Officer
                                                                                                   designated representative.                            Ashley Schad, Coast Guard Marine
                                                                                                     This notice of enforcement is issued                Safety Detachment Nashville at 615–
                                           DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND                                  under authority of 33 CFR part 100 and                736–5421 or Ashley.M.Schad@uscg.mil.
                                           SECURITY                                                5 U.S.C. 552(a). In addition to this                  SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:     The Coast
                                                                                                   notice of enforcement in the Federal                  Guard will enforce the special local
                                           Coast Guard                                             Register, the Coast Guard plans to                    regulations in 33 CFR 100.801, Table 1,
                                                                                                   provide the maritime community with                   no. 34 from 5 a.m. until 5 p.m. on
                                           33 CFR Part 100                                         advanced notification of this
                                                                                                                                                         September 10, 2016, for the
                                                                                                   enforcement period via Local Notice to
                                           [Docket No. USCG–2016–0829]                                                                                   ‘‘Cumberland Dragon Boat Festival’’ on
                                                                                                   Mariners (LNM) and Broadcast Notice to
                                                                                                   Mariners (BNM). If the COTP Ohio                      the Cumberland River between mile
                                           RIN 1625–AA08
                                                                                                   Valley determines that the special local              markers 190.0 and 192.0. This action is
                                           Special Local Regulation; Louisville                    regulation need not be enforced for the               being taken to provide for the safety of
                                           Dragon Boat Festival, Ohio River                        full duration, a BNM to grant general                 life on navigable waterways during the
                                                                                                   permission to enter the regulated area                event. Our regulation for Recurring
                                           AGENCY:  Coast Guard, DHS.                              may be used.                                          Marine Events in Captain of the Port
                                           ACTION: Notice of enforcement of                                                                              Ohio Valley Zone, § 100.801, Table 1,
                                                                                                     Dated: September 6, 2016.
                                           regulation.                                                                                                   no. 34 specifies the location of the
                                                                                                   M.B. Zamperini,
                                                                                                                                                         regulated area for this 2 mile bank to
                                           SUMMARY:    The Coast Guard will enforce                Captain, U.S. Coast Guard, Captain of the
                                                                                                                                                         bank course. As provided in § 100.801,
                                           a special local regulation for the                      Port Ohio Valley.
                                                                                                                                                         during the enforcement period, no
                                           Louisville Dragon Boat Festival on the                  [FR Doc. 2016–21743 Filed 9–8–16; 8:45 am]
                                                                                                                                                         vessel may transit this regulated area
                                           Ohio River, from mile marker 603.0 and                  BILLING CODE 9110–04–P
                                           ending at 603.5. This rule is effective                                                                       without approval from the Captain of
                                           from 3 p.m. to 7:30 p.m. on September                                                                         the Port Ohio Valley (COTP) or a COTP
                                           9, 2016 and from 7 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. on                 DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND                                designated representative.
                                           September 10, 2016. During the                          SECURITY                                                 This notice of enforcement is issued
                                           enforcement period, no vessel may                                                                             under authority of 5 U.S.C. 552(a), and
                                           transit this regulated area unless                      Coast Guard                                           33 U.S.C. 1233. In addition to this
                                           registered with the sponsor as a                                                                              notice of enforcement in the Federal
                                           participant or an official patrol vessel,               33 CFR Part 100                                       Register, the Coast Guard will provide
                                           or unless specifically authorized by the                [Docket No. USCG–2016–0718]                           the maritime community with advance
                                           Captain of the Port Ohio Valley.                                                                              notification of this enforcement period
                                           DATES: The regulations in 33 CFR                        Special Local Regulations;                            via Local Notice to Mariners and Marine
                                           100.801, Table No. 1, Line no. 12 will                  Cumberland River Dragon Boat                          Information Broadcasts.
                                           be enforced for the Louisville Dragon                   Festival, Cumberland River, Nashville,
                                                                                                   TN                                                      Dated: September 6, 2016.
                                           Boat Festival as identified in the
                                           SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION section                                                                             M.B. Zamperini,
                                                                                                   AGENCY:  Coast Guard, DHS.
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                                           below with dates and times.                                                                                   Captain, U.S. Coast Guard, Captain of the
                                                                                                   ACTION: Notice of enforcement of                      Port Ohio Valley.
                                           FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: If                     regulation.
                                           you have questions about this notice of                                                                       [FR Doc. 2016–21774 Filed 9–8–16; 8:45 am]
                                           enforcement, call or email James                        SUMMARY:   The Coast Guard will enforce               BILLING CODE 9110–04–P
                                           Robinson, Sector Ohio Valley, U.S.                      a special local regulation for the
                                           Coast Guard at telephone 502–779–                       ‘‘Cumberland River Dragon Boat


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Document Created: 2018-02-09 13:15:18
Document Modified: 2018-02-09 13:15:18
CategoryRegulatory Information
CollectionFederal Register
sudoc ClassAE 2.7:
GS 4.107:
AE 2.106:
PublisherOffice of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Administration
SectionRules and Regulations
ActionFinal regulations.
DatesEffective date: These regulations are effective on September 9, 2016.
ContactNeil S. Sandhu or Linda S. F. Marshall at (202) 317-6700 (not a toll-free number).
FR Citation81 FR 62359 
RIN Number1545-BJ55
CFR AssociatedIncome Taxes and Reporting and Recordkeeping Requirements

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