81_FR_89685 81 FR 89447 - Order Excluding Farm Credit System Institutions From the Commodity Exchange Act's Definition of “Commodity Trading Advisor”

81 FR 89447 - Order Excluding Farm Credit System Institutions From the Commodity Exchange Act's Definition of “Commodity Trading Advisor”

COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION

Federal Register Volume 81, Issue 238 (December 12, 2016)

Page Range89447-89449
FR Document2016-29613

Pursuant to the authority under section 1a(12)(B)(vii) of the Commodity Exchange Act (``CEA'' or ``Act''), the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (``Commission'') is issuing an order (``Order'') excluding institutions in the Farm Credit System (``FCS'') from the definition of ``commodity trading advisor'' (``CTA''). The Commission finds that FCS institutions are primarily engaged in lending to U.S. farmers, ranchers, and agricultural cooperatives, and that any commodity trading advice provided by FCS institutions to their clientele is solely incidental to that lending conduct, as required by CEA section 1a(12)(C). Therefore, the Commission concludes that FCS institutions are not entities within the intent of the statutory CTA definition, and that the issuance of this Order excluding them from the definition is appropriate.

Federal Register, Volume 81 Issue 238 (Monday, December 12, 2016)
[Federal Register Volume 81, Number 238 (Monday, December 12, 2016)]
[Notices]
[Pages 89447-89449]
From the Federal Register Online  [www.thefederalregister.org]
[FR Doc No: 2016-29613]


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COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION


Order Excluding Farm Credit System Institutions From the 
Commodity Exchange Act's Definition of ``Commodity Trading Advisor''

AGENCY: Commodity Futures Trading Commission.

ACTION: Notice and order.

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SUMMARY: Pursuant to the authority under section 1a(12)(B)(vii) of the 
Commodity Exchange Act (``CEA'' or ``Act''), the Commodity Futures 
Trading Commission (``Commission'') is issuing an order (``Order'') 
excluding institutions in the Farm Credit System (``FCS'') from the 
definition of ``commodity trading advisor'' (``CTA''). The Commission 
finds that FCS institutions are primarily engaged in lending to U.S. 
farmers, ranchers, and agricultural cooperatives, and that any 
commodity trading advice provided by FCS institutions to their 
clientele is solely incidental to that lending conduct, as required by 
CEA section 1a(12)(C). Therefore, the Commission concludes that FCS 
institutions are not entities within the intent of the statutory CTA 
definition, and that the issuance of this Order excluding them from the 
definition is appropriate.

DATES: Effective date: December 12, 2016.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Amanda Olear, Associate Director, 
Division of Swap Dealer and Intermediary Oversight, (202) 418-5283, 
[email protected], or Elizabeth Groover, Special Counsel, Division of 
Swap Dealer and Intermediary Oversight, (202) 418-5985, 
[email protected].

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

I. Background

    On October 28, 2016, the Farm Credit Council (``Farm Credit'' or 
``Council'') petitioned the Commission for an order excluding FCS 
institutions from the CTA definition in the CEA. The Council is the 
national trade association for the FCS, a federally-chartered network 
of borrower-owned lending institutions comprised of cooperatives and 
related service organizations.\1\ Farm Credit's petition states that 
the FCS institutions should be excluded from the CTA definition because 
(1) the FCS institutions are not within the intent of the CTA 
definition because they are in the business of banking and lending, and 
(2) certain services provided by them, which could constitute commodity 
trading advice, are solely incidental to their primary lending 
business.\2\
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    \1\ Petition for Order to Exclude Farm Credit System 
Institutions from the Commodity Trading Advisor Definition in 
Accordance with Section 1a(12)(B)(vii) of the Commodity Exchange 
Act, Farm Credit Council (Oct. 28, 2016) (``Petition''), at 1.
    \2\ Id. at 3.
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    FCS institutions are important lenders to U.S. farmers, ranchers 
and agricultural cooperatives. The FCS institutions include the FCS 
Banks (CoBank, AgriBank, AgFirst Farm Credit Bank, and Farm Credit Bank 
of Texas), as well as Agricultural Credit Associations, Federal Land 
Credit Associations, and Production Credit Associations (together, the 
``Associations'').\3\ The FCS Banks make

[[Page 89448]]

loans to affiliated Associations in their geographic areas, which, in 
turn, make loans to farmers, ranchers, and other eligible borrowers.\4\ 
Although FCS institutions do not take deposits, they provide loans, 
leases, and related services to farmers, ranchers, rural homeowners, 
aquatic producers, timber harvesters, agricultural cooperatives, rural 
utilities, and other eligible borrowers in all 50 states, the District 
of Columbia, and Puerto Rico.\5\
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    \3\ An Agricultural Credit Association (ACA) can make short-, 
intermediate-, and long-term loans, as each ACA contains two 
subsidiaries: A Federal Land Credit Association (FLCA) that can only 
make long-term real estate loans, and a Production Credit 
Association (PCA) that makes short- and intermediate-term loans. 
Although legally separated, the ACA and its FLCA and PCA 
subsidiaries operate an integrated lending business with loans made 
through the subsidiary possessing the appropriate authority. The 
ACA, PCA, and FLCA are jointly and severally liable on the full 
amount of the indebtedness to the relevant FCS Bank under the FCS 
Bank's General Financing Agreement. Additionally, the ACA, PCA, and 
FLCA agree to guarantee each other's debts and obligations, pledge 
their respective assets as security for the guarantee, and share 
common capital. Petition, at 2.
    \4\ Id. Additionally, CoBank also lends directly to agricultural 
cooperatives, rural utilities, and other eligible borrowers. Id.
    \5\ Petition, at 3.
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    The Farm Credit Administration (``FCA'') is responsible for 
regulating and supervising the FCS institutions. The FCA is defined as 
an ``appropriate federal banking agency'' under the CEA\6\ and is one 
of the ``Prudential Regulators'' charged with implementing certain key 
regulatory requirements promulgated by the Dodd-Frank Act.\7\ The 
Petition states that the FCA regulates FCS institutions like banks, and 
that such regulation appropriately mitigates the risks of FCS 
institutions.\8\ In particular, the FCA promulgates policies and 
regulations intended to: Protect the safety and soundness of the FCS 
institutions; implement the FCA's statutory authority in the Farm 
Credit Act of 1971; \9\ establish minimum requirements for lending, 
related services, investments, capital, liquidity, and mission; and 
ensure adequate financial disclosure and appropriate governance of the 
FCS institutions.\10\ Consequently, the FCS institutions are subject to 
investment guidelines,\11\ capital requirements,\12\ liquidity 
requirements,\13\ guidelines for the use of derivatives,\14\ risk 
management standards,\15\ periodic reporting obligations,\16\ as well 
as the FCA's examination authority.\17\
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    \6\ 7 U.S.C. 1a(2).
    \7\ Public Law 111-203, 124 Stat. 1376 (2010).
    \8\ Petition, at 3. In fact, Farm Credit believes that FCS 
institutions are, in fact, banks that would otherwise be excluded 
from the CTA definition by CEA section 1a(12)(B)(i). However, Farm 
Credit states that it petitioned for this Order to achieve greater 
certainty for the FCS institutions because the term ``bank'' is not 
defined in the CEA or the Commission's regulations. Id.
    \9\ 12 U.S.C. 2001-2279cc.
    \10\ 2015 Annual Report on the Farm Credit System, Farm Credit 
Administration, Regulator of the FCS, p. 5 (``FCA Annual Report''). 
See also id. at 41-44.
    \11\ 12 CFR part 615, subpart E.
    \12\ 12 CFR part 615, subparts H and K. The FCA published final 
rules in July 2016 that are intended to ensure that FCS capital 
requirements are appropriate for the FCS' cooperative structure, and 
comparable to the Basel III framework and the standardized approach 
adopted by the federal banking regulatory agencies. See Regulatory 
Capital Rules: Regulatory Capital, Implementation of Tier 1/Tier 2 
Framework, 81 FR 49720 (July 28, 2016).
    \13\ 12 CFR part 615, subpart E.
    \14\ David C. Baer, Director, Office of Examination, FCA to All 
Farm Credit Banks, ``Guidelines for Utilizing Derivative Products,'' 
Bookletter, BL-023 (Oct. 31, 1995) (``FCA Guidelines for Utilizing 
Derivatives''), available at http://ww3.fca.gov/readingrm/Handbook/_layouts/15/WopiFrame.aspx?sourcedoc=/readingrm/Handbook/FCA%20Bookletters/BL-023.docx&action=default. These Guidelines are 
designed to complement existing FCA regulations pertaining to risk 
management, investment practices, and asset and liability management 
practices. Id. at 3.
    \15\ 12 CFR part 615, subpart G.
    \16\ 12 CFR part 621, subpart D.
    \17\ FCA Annual Report, p. 5.
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    FCS institutions use derivatives to manage their own risks, and 
also to offer their eligible borrowers or their affiliated 
Associations' eligible borrowers the ability to hedge the risks, 
including interest rate risk, associated with their loans through the 
use of over-the-counter (``OTC'') swaps.\18\ The use of derivatives is 
specifically permitted and overseen by the FCA and is subject to 
certain conditions, in order to protect the FCS institution eligible 
borrowers and to preserve the ``safety and soundness'' of the FCS as a 
whole.\19\ The Petition states that swaps offered to FCS institution 
eligible borrowers are intended to assist them in hedging their 
interest rate and other risks arising from FCS institution loans, and 
that FCS institutions do not enter into swaps with persons unless they 
are eligible borrowers of an FCS institution.\20\
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    \18\ Petition, at 2. The Petition states that FCS institutions 
also use derivatives to manage interest rate, liquidity, and balance 
sheet risks, but because FCS institutions primarily enter into such 
transactions with registered swap dealers, the Council does not view 
such activity as raising CTA concerns. Id.
    \19\ Petition, at 5. The Petition specifically cites detailed 
FCA policies mandating counterparty credit risk management, as well 
as the ``comprehensive safety and soundness regulation and oversight 
by the FCA.'' Petition, at 5-6. As a result, all of the FCS 
institutions' derivatives activity, whether with swap dealers or 
eligible borrowers, falls within the definition of ``hedging or 
mitigating commercial risk'' in Commission regulations. Id. at 6. 
This is consistent with the FCA's historic position related to the 
use of derivatives by FCS institutions, as stated in the FCA 
Guidelines for Utilizing Derivatives: ``The FCA considers any 
speculative use of derivatives an unsafe and unsound banking 
practice.'' FCA Guidelines for Utilizing Derivatives, at 1.
    \20\ Petition, at 2. Further, the Petition states that FCS 
institutions are prohibited from engaging in speculative derivatives 
activity, and that approved swap transactions with eligible 
borrowers are limited to those that enable eligible borrowers to 
hedge risk or that are necessary for the financing of individual 
transactions. Id. at 6.
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    In connection with the lending-related swap transactions, FCS 
institutions sometimes provide eligible borrowers with information 
about the financial instrument to be used, i.e., an interest rate swap, 
through presentations or in writing.\21\ The Petition further states 
that such information generally is generic and not intended as 
commodity trading advice.\22\ Additionally, an eligible borrower in 
this context acknowledges that the FCS institution is not its advisor, 
and that the borrower is not relying on the information as FCS 
institution advice.\23\ Nevertheless, because the FCS institution is 
providing information about a commodity interest transaction to an 
eligible borrower, Farm Credit and FCS institutions are concerned that 
the provision of such information could be construed as the provision 
of commodity trading advice requiring registration as a CTA with the 
Commission.\24\ Therefore, Farm Credit filed the Petition seeking an 
Order excluding the FCS institutions from the CEA's CTA definition to 
clarify their registration and compliance obligations with respect to 
the CEA and the regulations promulgated thereunder.\25\ Farm Credit's 
Petition argues that issuing such an Order is appropriate because FCS 
institutions are not within the intent of the CTA definition, and 
because any provision of information about commodity interests to 
eligible borrowers is solely incidental to the FCS institutions' 
primary business of lending.\26\
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    \21\ Petition, at 2-3.
    \22\ Id. at 3.
    \23\ Id.
    \24\ Petition, at 2-3.
    \25\ Id. at 3.
    \26\ Id.
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II. Legal Authority and Analysis

    CEA section 1a(12)(A) defines ``commodity trading advisor'' as any 
person who for compensation or profit, engages in the business of 
advising others, either directly or through publications, writings, or 
electronic media, as to the value of or the advisability of trading in 
any commodity interest transactions; \27\ any person who for 
compensation or profit, and as part of a regular business, issues or 
promulgates analyses or reports concerning any of the activities 
referred to in clause (i) of CEA section 1(a)(12)(A); \28\ any person 
who is

[[Page 89449]]

registered with the Commission as a commodity trading advisor; \29\ or 
any person who the Commission, by rule or regulation, may include if 
the Commission determines that the rule or regulation will effectuate 
the purposes of the CEA.\30\
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    \27\ 7 U.S.C. 1a(12)(A)(i). Specifically, such transactions 
include any contract for sale of a commodity for future delivery, 
security futures product, or swap; any agreement, contract, or 
transaction described in 7 U.S.C. 2(c)(2)(i) or 7 U.S.C. 
2(c)(2)(D)(i); any commodity option authorized under section 6c of 
this title; or any leverage transaction authorized under section 23 
of this title. 7 U.S.C. 1a(12)(A)(i)(I)-(IV).
    \28\ 7 U.S.C. 1a(12)(A)(ii).
    \29\ 7 U.S.C. 1a(12)(A)(iii).
    \30\ 7 U.S.C. 1a(12)(A)(iv).
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    CEA section 1a(12)(B) excludes certain types of persons and 
entities from the CTA definition, and permits the Commission to further 
exclude, such other persons not within the intent of the CTA definition 
as the Commission may specify by rule, regulation, or order.\31\ 
Additionally, CEA section 1a(12)(C) states that these exclusions, 
including any additional exclusion adopted through rule, regulation or 
order by the Commission, shall apply only if the furnishing of such 
services by persons referred to in CEA section 1a(12)(B) is solely 
incidental to the conduct of their business or profession.\32\ 
Therefore, the Commission must consider whether the potential CTA 
activity is solely incidental to the primary business purposes and 
conduct of the FCS institutions, and whether FCS institutions may be 
properly excluded from the CTA definition.
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    \31\ 7 U.S.C. 1a(12)(B); 7 U.S.C. 1a(12)(B)(vii).
    \32\ 7 U.S.C. 1a(12)(C).
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    The Commission agrees with the Petition that the provision of 
general information about interest rate swaps to eligible borrowers of 
FCS institutions is solely incidental to the FCS institutions' main 
business and mission, i.e., agricultural lending. This conclusion is 
supported by the fact that the information is provided solely to 
eligible borrowers of the FCS institutions, and also by the strict 
limitations on the swap activities of FCS institutions--FCS 
institutions may only enter into swaps with an eligible borrower to 
hedge the risk(s) inherent in the underlying financing transaction 
between that borrower and an FCS institution.\33\ Additionally, the 
Petition states that FCS institutions do not incur significant costs in 
providing the information to eligible borrowers, do not charge eligible 
borrowers for the information, do not solicit eligible borrowers, do 
not require eligible borrowers to hedge their loan risks through an FCS 
institution, and do not hold themselves out to the public as an entity 
providing CTA services.\34\ Under these circumstances, the Commission 
concludes that the provision of information related to a swap 
transaction to eligible borrowers of FCS institutions is solely 
incidental to the FCS institutions' lending activity with such eligible 
borrowers.
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    \33\ Petition, at 6.
    \34\ Id. at 9.
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    Further, the primary business activity of FCS institutions is 
engaging in direct lending to farmers, ranchers, and other eligible 
borrowers under the regulation and supervision of the FCA. This lending 
activity is generally comparable to the lending activities of banking 
institutions, which are excluded from the CTA definition under section 
1a(12)(B) of the CEA.\35\ The Commission believes that it is reasonable 
under the facts and circumstances discussed above to conclude that 
granting FCS institutions an exclusion from CTA registration is 
consistent with the intent of section 1a(12) of the CEA.
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    \35\ See 7 U.S.C. 1a(12)(B)(i).
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III. Conclusion and Order

    The Commission finds that under the circumstances set forth above 
it is appropriate to exercise the statutory authority afforded to it 
under CEA section 1a(12)(B)(vii) to exclude FCS institutions from the 
CTA definition. Accordingly, the Commission is issuing this Order 
excluding FCS institutions from the CTA definition in CEA section 
1a(12)(A). This Order is based upon the representations made by the 
petitioner. The Commission reserves authority, in its discretion, to 
revisit the Order.

    Issued in Washington, DC, on December 6, 2016, by the 
Commission.
Robert N. Sidman,
Deputy Secretary of the Commission.
[FR Doc. 2016-29613 Filed 12-9-16; 8:45 am]
 BILLING CODE 6351-01-P



                                                                             Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 238 / Monday, December 12, 2016 / Notices                                                      89447

                                                  Number 0648–0690 (Vessel Monitoring                       Estimated Total Annual Burden                       entities within the intent of the statutory
                                                  System Requirements in the Eastern                      Hours: 45.                                            CTA definition, and that the issuance of
                                                  Pacific Highly Migratory Species                          Estimated Total Annual Cost to                      this Order excluding them from the
                                                  Fisheries) into this information                        Public: $22,187 (reporting costs for                  definition is appropriate.
                                                  collection.                                             vessels 24 meters or more is covered by               DATES: Effective date: December 12,
                                                    This collection applies to owners and                 vessel owner/operators).                              2016.
                                                  operators of U.S. commercial fishing                    IV. Request for Comments                              FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
                                                  vessels that fish in the West Coast                                                                           Amanda Olear, Associate Director,
                                                  exclusive economic zone and the                           Comments are requested on: (a)
                                                                                                          Whether the proposed collection of                    Division of Swap Dealer and
                                                  eastern Pacific Ocean waters of the                                                                           Intermediary Oversight, (202) 418–5283,
                                                  Inter-American Tropical Tuna                            information is necessary for the proper
                                                                                                          performance of the functions of the                   aolear@cftc.gov, or Elizabeth Groover,
                                                  Commission (IATTC) Convention Area                                                                            Special Counsel, Division of Swap
                                                  for highly migratory species (HMS) as                   agency, including whether the
                                                                                                          information shall have practical utility;             Dealer and Intermediary Oversight,
                                                  defined by the Fishery Management                                                                             (202) 418–5985, egroover@cftc.gov.
                                                  Plan (FMP) for United States (U.S.) West                (b) the accuracy of the agency’s estimate
                                                                                                          of the burden (including hours and cost)              SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
                                                  Coast Fisheries for Highly Migratory
                                                                                                          of the proposed collection of
                                                  Species, as well as a broader group of                                                                        I. Background
                                                                                                          information; (c) ways to enhance the
                                                  tuna and tuna-like species covered by                                                                            On October 28, 2016, the Farm Credit
                                                                                                          quality, utility, and clarity of the
                                                  the IATTC. These vessel owners and                                                                            Council (‘‘Farm Credit’’ or ‘‘Council’’)
                                                                                                          information to be collected; and (d)
                                                  operators are required to submit                                                                              petitioned the Commission for an order
                                                                                                          ways to minimize the burden of the
                                                  information about their intended and                                                                          excluding FCS institutions from the
                                                                                                          collection of information on
                                                  actual fishing activities. These                                                                              CTA definition in the CEA. The Council
                                                                                                          respondents, including through the use
                                                  submissions would allow the National                                                                          is the national trade association for the
                                                                                                          of automated collection techniques or
                                                  Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) and                                                                           FCS, a federally-chartered network of
                                                                                                          other forms of information technology.
                                                  the Pacific Fisheries Management                          Comments submitted in response to                   borrower-owned lending institutions
                                                  Council to monitor the fisheries.                       this notice will be summarized and/or                 comprised of cooperatives and related
                                                  Submissions include pre-trip reporting                  included in the request for OMB                       service organizations.1 Farm Credit’s
                                                  requirements and vessel monitoring                      approval of this information collection;              petition states that the FCS institutions
                                                  systems (VMS). Pre-trip reporting                       they also will become a matter of public              should be excluded from the CTA
                                                  requirements are essential for effectively              record.                                               definition because (1) the FCS
                                                  and efficiently assigning available                                                                           institutions are not within the intent of
                                                  observer coverage to selected HMS                         Dated: December 7, 2016.
                                                                                                          Sarah Brabson,
                                                                                                                                                                the CTA definition because they are in
                                                  vessels. Data collected by observers are                                                                      the business of banking and lending,
                                                  critical to evaluate that the objectives of             NOAA PRA Clearance Officer.
                                                                                                                                                                and (2) certain services provided by
                                                  the HMS FMP are being achieved and                      [FR Doc. 2016–29688 Filed 12–9–16; 8:45 am]
                                                                                                                                                                them, which could constitute
                                                  for evaluating the impacts of potential                 BILLING CODE 3510–22–P                                commodity trading advice, are solely
                                                  changes in fishery management. VMS                                                                            incidental to their primary lending
                                                  units facilitate enforcement of                                                                               business.2
                                                  management measures associated with                     COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING                                FCS institutions are important lenders
                                                  HMS fisheries, provide timely                           COMMISSION                                            to U.S. farmers, ranchers and
                                                  information on associated fleet activities                                                                    agricultural cooperatives. The FCS
                                                  and enable confirmation of reported                     Order Excluding Farm Credit System                    institutions include the FCS Banks
                                                  vessel fishing activity locations, which                Institutions From the Commodity                       (CoBank, AgriBank, AgFirst Farm Credit
                                                  help validate logbook record accuracy.                  Exchange Act’s Definition of                          Bank, and Farm Credit Bank of Texas),
                                                                                                          ‘‘Commodity Trading Advisor’’                         as well as Agricultural Credit
                                                  II. Method of Collection
                                                                                                          AGENCY: Commodity Futures Trading                     Associations, Federal Land Credit
                                                     VMS installation/activation and on/                                                                        Associations, and Production Credit
                                                                                                          Commission.
                                                  off reports are submitted electronically,                                                                     Associations (together, the
                                                                                                          ACTION: Notice and order.
                                                  VMS position reports are submitted via                                                                        ‘‘Associations’’).3 The FCS Banks make
                                                  automated electronic transmission and                   SUMMARY:    Pursuant to the authority
                                                  pre-trip notifications are made by                      under section 1a(12)(B)(vii) of the                      1 Petition for Order to Exclude Farm Credit

                                                  telephone.                                              Commodity Exchange Act (‘‘CEA’’ or                    System Institutions from the Commodity Trading
                                                                                                                                                                Advisor Definition in Accordance with Section
                                                  III. Data                                               ‘‘Act’’), the Commodity Futures Trading               1a(12)(B)(vii) of the Commodity Exchange Act,
                                                                                                          Commission (‘‘Commission’’) is issuing                Farm Credit Council (Oct. 28, 2016) (‘‘Petition’’), at
                                                     OMB Control Number: 0648–0498.                       an order (‘‘Order’’) excluding                        1.
                                                     Form Number(s): None.                                institutions in the Farm Credit System                   2 Id. at 3.

                                                     Type of Review: Regular submission                   (‘‘FCS’’) from the definition of                         3 An Agricultural Credit Association (ACA) can

                                                  (revision and extension of a current                                                                          make short-, intermediate-, and long-term loans, as
                                                                                                          ‘‘commodity trading advisor’’ (‘‘CTA’’).              each ACA contains two subsidiaries: A Federal
                                                  information collection).                                The Commission finds that FCS                         Land Credit Association (FLCA) that can only make
                                                     Affected Public: Business or other for-              institutions are primarily engaged in                 long-term real estate loans, and a Production Credit
                                                  profit organizations.                                   lending to U.S. farmers, ranchers, and                Association (PCA) that makes short- and
mstockstill on DSK3G9T082PROD with NOTICES




                                                                                                                                                                intermediate-term loans. Although legally
                                                     Estimated Number of Respondents:                     agricultural cooperatives, and that any               separated, the ACA and its FLCA and PCA
                                                  34.                                                     commodity trading advice provided by                  subsidiaries operate an integrated lending business
                                                     Estimated Time per Response: Vessel                  FCS institutions to their clientele is                with loans made through the subsidiary possessing
                                                  monitoring system (VMS) activation                      solely incidental to that lending                     the appropriate authority. The ACA, PCA, and
                                                                                                                                                                FLCA are jointly and severally liable on the full
                                                  reports, 15 minutes; pre-trip reports, 5                conduct, as required by CEA section                   amount of the indebtedness to the relevant FCS
                                                  minutes; maintenance and repair, 60                     1a(12)(C). Therefore, the Commission                  Bank under the FCS Bank’s General Financing
                                                  minutes.                                                concludes that FCS institutions are not                                                            Continued




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                                                  89448                        Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 238 / Monday, December 12, 2016 / Notices

                                                  loans to affiliated Associations in their                 requirements,13 guidelines for the use of                 borrowers with information about the
                                                  geographic areas, which, in turn, make                    derivatives,14 risk management                            financial instrument to be used, i.e., an
                                                  loans to farmers, ranchers, and other                     standards,15 periodic reporting                           interest rate swap, through
                                                  eligible borrowers.4 Although FCS                         obligations,16 as well as the FCA’s                       presentations or in writing.21 The
                                                  institutions do not take deposits, they                   examination authority.17                                  Petition further states that such
                                                  provide loans, leases, and related                           FCS institutions use derivatives to                    information generally is generic and not
                                                  services to farmers, ranchers, rural                      manage their own risks, and also to offer                 intended as commodity trading
                                                  homeowners, aquatic producers, timber                     their eligible borrowers or their                         advice.22 Additionally, an eligible
                                                  harvesters, agricultural cooperatives,                    affiliated Associations’ eligible                         borrower in this context acknowledges
                                                  rural utilities, and other eligible                       borrowers the ability to hedge the risks,                 that the FCS institution is not its
                                                  borrowers in all 50 states, the District of               including interest rate risk, associated                  advisor, and that the borrower is not
                                                  Columbia, and Puerto Rico.5                               with their loans through the use of over-                 relying on the information as FCS
                                                     The Farm Credit Administration                         the-counter (‘‘OTC’’) swaps.18 The use                    institution advice.23 Nevertheless,
                                                  (‘‘FCA’’) is responsible for regulating                   of derivatives is specifically permitted                  because the FCS institution is providing
                                                  and supervising the FCS institutions.                     and overseen by the FCA and is subject                    information about a commodity interest
                                                  The FCA is defined as an ‘‘appropriate                    to certain conditions, in order to protect                transaction to an eligible borrower,
                                                  federal banking agency’’ under the CEA6                   the FCS institution eligible borrowers                    Farm Credit and FCS institutions are
                                                  and is one of the ‘‘Prudential                            and to preserve the ‘‘safety and                          concerned that the provision of such
                                                  Regulators’’ charged with implementing                    soundness’’ of the FCS as a whole.19                      information could be construed as the
                                                  certain key regulatory requirements                       The Petition states that swaps offered to                 provision of commodity trading advice
                                                  promulgated by the Dodd-Frank Act.7                       FCS institution eligible borrowers are                    requiring registration as a CTA with the
                                                  The Petition states that the FCA                          intended to assist them in hedging their                  Commission.24 Therefore, Farm Credit
                                                  regulates FCS institutions like banks,                    interest rate and other risks arising from                filed the Petition seeking an Order
                                                  and that such regulation appropriately                    FCS institution loans, and that FCS                       excluding the FCS institutions from the
                                                  mitigates the risks of FCS institutions.8                 institutions do not enter into swaps                      CEA’s CTA definition to clarify their
                                                  In particular, the FCA promulgates                        with persons unless they are eligible                     registration and compliance obligations
                                                  policies and regulations intended to:                     borrowers of an FCS institution.20                        with respect to the CEA and the
                                                  Protect the safety and soundness of the                      In connection with the lending-                        regulations promulgated thereunder.25
                                                  FCS institutions; implement the FCA’s                     related swap transactions, FCS                            Farm Credit’s Petition argues that
                                                  statutory authority in the Farm Credit                    institutions sometimes provide eligible                   issuing such an Order is appropriate
                                                  Act of 1971; 9 establish minimum                                                                                    because FCS institutions are not within
                                                                                                              13 12  CFR part 615, subpart E.
                                                  requirements for lending, related                                                                                   the intent of the CTA definition, and
                                                                                                              14 David   C. Baer, Director, Office of Examination,
                                                  services, investments, capital, liquidity,                FCA to All Farm Credit Banks, ‘‘Guidelines for
                                                                                                                                                                      because any provision of information
                                                  and mission; and ensure adequate                          Utilizing Derivative Products,’’ Bookletter, BL–023       about commodity interests to eligible
                                                  financial disclosure and appropriate                      (Oct. 31, 1995) (‘‘FCA Guidelines for Utilizing           borrowers is solely incidental to the FCS
                                                                                                            Derivatives’’), available at http://ww3.fca.gov/          institutions’ primary business of
                                                  governance of the FCS institutions.10                     readingrm/Handbook/_layouts/15/WopiFrame.aspx
                                                  Consequently, the FCS institutions are                    ?sourcedoc=/readingrm/Handbook/FCA%20
                                                                                                                                                                      lending.26
                                                  subject to investment guidelines,11                       Bookletters/BL-023.docx&action=default. These             II. Legal Authority and Analysis
                                                  capital requirements,12 liquidity                         Guidelines are designed to complement existing
                                                                                                            FCA regulations pertaining to risk management,               CEA section 1a(12)(A) defines
                                                                                                            investment practices, and asset and liability             ‘‘commodity trading advisor’’ as any
                                                  Agreement. Additionally, the ACA, PCA, and FLCA           management practices. Id. at 3.
                                                  agree to guarantee each other’s debts and                    15 12 CFR part 615, subpart G.
                                                                                                                                                                      person who for compensation or profit,
                                                  obligations, pledge their respective assets as               16 12 CFR part 621, subpart D.
                                                                                                                                                                      engages in the business of advising
                                                  security for the guarantee, and share common                                                                        others, either directly or through
                                                                                                               17 FCA Annual Report, p. 5.
                                                  capital. Petition, at 2.
                                                     4 Id. Additionally, CoBank also lends directly to         18 Petition, at 2. The Petition states that FCS        publications, writings, or electronic
                                                  agricultural cooperatives, rural utilities, and other     institutions also use derivatives to manage interest      media, as to the value of or the
                                                  eligible borrowers. Id.                                   rate, liquidity, and balance sheet risks, but because     advisability of trading in any
                                                                                                            FCS institutions primarily enter into such
                                                     5 Petition, at 3.
                                                                                                            transactions with registered swap dealers, the
                                                                                                                                                                      commodity interest transactions; 27 any
                                                     6 7 U.S.C. 1a(2).
                                                                                                            Council does not view such activity as raising CTA        person who for compensation or profit,
                                                     7 Public Law 111–203, 124 Stat. 1376 (2010).
                                                                                                            concerns. Id.                                             and as part of a regular business, issues
                                                     8 Petition, at 3. In fact, Farm Credit believes that

                                                  FCS institutions are, in fact, banks that would
                                                                                                               19 Petition, at 5. The Petition specifically cites
                                                                                                                                                                      or promulgates analyses or reports
                                                                                                            detailed FCA policies mandating counterparty              concerning any of the activities referred
                                                  otherwise be excluded from the CTA definition by          credit risk management, as well as the
                                                  CEA section 1a(12)(B)(i). However, Farm Credit            ‘‘comprehensive safety and soundness regulation           to in clause (i) of CEA section
                                                  states that it petitioned for this Order to achieve       and oversight by the FCA.’’ Petition, at 5–6. As a        1(a)(12)(A); 28 any person who is
                                                  greater certainty for the FCS institutions because        result, all of the FCS institutions’ derivatives
                                                  the term ‘‘bank’’ is not defined in the CEA or the        activity, whether with swap dealers or eligible             21 Petition,
                                                  Commission’s regulations. Id.                                                                                                          at 2–3.
                                                                                                            borrowers, falls within the definition of ‘‘hedging or      22 Id.   at 3.
                                                     9 12 U.S.C. 2001–2279cc.
                                                                                                            mitigating commercial risk’’ in Commission                  23 Id.
                                                     10 2015 Annual Report on the Farm Credit
                                                                                                            regulations. Id. at 6. This is consistent with the          24 Petition,
                                                  System, Farm Credit Administration, Regulator of          FCA’s historic position related to the use of                                at 2–3.
                                                                                                                                                                        25 Id.   at 3.
                                                  the FCS, p. 5 (‘‘FCA Annual Report’’). See also id.       derivatives by FCS institutions, as stated in the FCA
                                                  at 41–44.                                                 Guidelines for Utilizing Derivatives: ‘‘The FCA             26 Id.
                                                     11 12 CFR part 615, subpart E.                         considers any speculative use of derivatives an              27 7 U.S.C. 1a(12)(A)(i). Specifically, such
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                                                     12 12 CFR part 615, subparts H and K. The FCA          unsafe and unsound banking practice.’’ FCA                transactions include any contract for sale of a
                                                  published final rules in July 2016 that are intended      Guidelines for Utilizing Derivatives, at 1.               commodity for future delivery, security futures
                                                  to ensure that FCS capital requirements are                  20 Petition, at 2. Further, the Petition states that   product, or swap; any agreement, contract, or
                                                  appropriate for the FCS’ cooperative structure, and       FCS institutions are prohibited from engaging in          transaction described in 7 U.S.C. 2(c)(2)(i) or 7
                                                  comparable to the Basel III framework and the             speculative derivatives activity, and that approved       U.S.C. 2(c)(2)(D)(i); any commodity option
                                                  standardized approach adopted by the federal              swap transactions with eligible borrowers are             authorized under section 6c of this title; or any
                                                  banking regulatory agencies. See Regulatory Capital       limited to those that enable eligible borrowers to        leverage transaction authorized under section 23 of
                                                  Rules: Regulatory Capital, Implementation of Tier         hedge risk or that are necessary for the financing of     this title. 7 U.S.C. 1a(12)(A)(i)(I)–(IV).
                                                  1/Tier 2 Framework, 81 FR 49720 (July 28, 2016).          individual transactions. Id. at 6.                           28 7 U.S.C. 1a(12)(A)(ii).




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                                                                               Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 238 / Monday, December 12, 2016 / Notices                                             89449

                                                  registered with the Commission as a                      institutions is solely incidental to the                Constitution Avenue NW., Washington,
                                                  commodity trading advisor; 29 or any                     FCS institutions’ lending activity with                 DC in the Lecture Room.
                                                  person who the Commission, by rule or                    such eligible borrowers.                                FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
                                                  regulation, may include if the                              Further, the primary business activity               Information regarding the meeting
                                                  Commission determines that the rule or                   of FCS institutions is engaging in direct               agenda, time, location, and how to
                                                  regulation will effectuate the purposes                  lending to farmers, ranchers, and other                 register for the meeting is available on
                                                  of the CEA.30                                            eligible borrowers under the regulation                 the PCAST Web site at: http://
                                                     CEA section 1a(12)(B) excludes                        and supervision of the FCA. This                        whitehouse.gov/ostp/pcast. A live video
                                                  certain types of persons and entities                    lending activity is generally comparable                webcast and an archive of the webcast
                                                  from the CTA definition, and permits                     to the lending activities of banking                    after the event are expected to be
                                                  the Commission to further exclude, such                  institutions, which are excluded from                   available at http://whitehouse.gov/ostp/
                                                  other persons not within the intent of                   the CTA definition under section                        pcast. The archived video will be
                                                  the CTA definition as the Commission                     1a(12)(B) of the CEA.35 The Commission                  available within one week of the
                                                  may specify by rule, regulation, or                      believes that it is reasonable under the                meeting. Questions about the meeting
                                                  order.31 Additionally, CEA section                       facts and circumstances discussed above                 should be directed to Ms. Jennifer
                                                  1a(12)(C) states that these exclusions,                  to conclude that granting FCS                           Michael at jmichael@ostp.eop.gov, (202)
                                                  including any additional exclusion                       institutions an exclusion from CTA                      456–4444. Please note that public
                                                  adopted through rule, regulation or                      registration is consistent with the intent              seating for this meeting is limited and
                                                  order by the Commission, shall apply                     of section 1a(12) of the CEA.                           is available on a first-come, first-served
                                                  only if the furnishing of such services                                                                          basis.
                                                  by persons referred to in CEA section                    III. Conclusion and Order
                                                                                                                                                                   SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The
                                                  1a(12)(B) is solely incidental to the                       The Commission finds that under the                  President’s Council of Advisors on
                                                  conduct of their business or                             circumstances set forth above it is                     Science and Technology (PCAST) is an
                                                  profession.32 Therefore, the Commission                  appropriate to exercise the statutory                   advisory group of the nation’s leading
                                                  must consider whether the potential                      authority afforded to it under CEA                      scientists and engineers, appointed by
                                                  CTA activity is solely incidental to the                 section 1a(12)(B)(vii) to exclude FCS                   the President to augment the science
                                                  primary business purposes and conduct                    institutions from the CTA definition.                   and technology advice available to him
                                                  of the FCS institutions, and whether                     Accordingly, the Commission is issuing                  from inside the White House, cabinet
                                                  FCS institutions may be properly                         this Order excluding FCS institutions                   departments, and other Federal
                                                  excluded from the CTA definition.                        from the CTA definition in CEA section
                                                     The Commission agrees with the                                                                                agencies. See the Executive Order at
                                                                                                           1a(12)(A). This Order is based upon the                 http://www.whitehouse.gov/ostp/pcast.
                                                  Petition that the provision of general                   representations made by the petitioner.
                                                  information about interest rate swaps to                                                                         PCAST is consulted about and provides
                                                                                                           The Commission reserves authority, in                   analyses and recommendations
                                                  eligible borrowers of FCS institutions is                its discretion, to revisit the Order.
                                                  solely incidental to the FCS institutions’                                                                       concerning a wide range of issues where
                                                                                                             Issued in Washington, DC, on December 6,              understandings from the domains of
                                                  main business and mission, i.e.,                         2016, by the Commission.
                                                  agricultural lending. This conclusion is                                                                         science, technology, and innovation
                                                                                                           Robert N. Sidman,                                       may bear on the policy choices before
                                                  supported by the fact that the
                                                  information is provided solely to
                                                                                                           Deputy Secretary of the Commission.                     the President. PCAST is co-chaired by
                                                  eligible borrowers of the FCS                            [FR Doc. 2016–29613 Filed 12–9–16; 8:45 am]             Dr. John P. Holdren, Assistant to the
                                                  institutions, and also by the strict                     BILLING CODE 6351–01–P                                  President for Science and Technology,
                                                  limitations on the swap activities of FCS                                                                        and Director, Office of Science and
                                                  institutions—FCS institutions may only                                                                           Technology Policy, Executive Office of
                                                  enter into swaps with an eligible                        DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY                                    the President, The White House; and Dr.
                                                  borrower to hedge the risk(s) inherent in                                                                        Eric S. Lander, President, Broad
                                                  the underlying financing transaction                     President’s Council of Advisors on                      Institute of the Massachusetts Institute
                                                  between that borrower and an FCS                         Science and Technology                                  of Technology and Harvard.
                                                                                                                                                                      Type of Meeting: Open and Closed.
                                                  institution.33 Additionally, the Petition                AGENCY:  Office of Science, Department                     Proposed Schedule and Agenda: The
                                                  states that FCS institutions do not incur                of Energy.                                              President’s Council of Advisors on
                                                  significant costs in providing the                       ACTION: Notice of partially-closed                      Science and Technology (PCAST) is
                                                  information to eligible borrowers, do not                meeting.                                                scheduled to meet in open session on
                                                  charge eligible borrowers for the
                                                                                                                                                                   January 6, 2017 from 9:00 a.m. to 12:00
                                                  information, do not solicit eligible                     SUMMARY:   This notice sets forth the                   p.m.
                                                  borrowers, do not require eligible                       schedule and summary agenda for a                          Open Portion of Meeting: During this
                                                  borrowers to hedge their loan risks                      partially-closed meeting of the                         open meeting, PCAST is scheduled to
                                                  through an FCS institution, and do not                   President’s Council of Advisors on                      discuss its study semiconductors as well
                                                  hold themselves out to the public as an                  Science and Technology (PCAST), and                     as its review on the National
                                                  entity providing CTA services.34 Under                   describes the functions of the Council.                 Nanotechnology Initiative, and other
                                                  these circumstances, the Commission                      The Federal Advisory Committee Act                      science and technology topics.
                                                  concludes that the provision of                          requires that public notice of these                    Additional information and the agenda,
                                                  information related to a swap                            meetings be announced in the Federal                    including any changes that arise, will be
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                                                  transaction to eligible borrowers of FCS                 Register.                                               posted at the PCAST Web site at: http://
                                                                                                           DATES: January 6, 2017, 9:00 a.m. to                    whitehouse.gov/ostp/pcast.
                                                    29 7 U.S.C. 1a(12)(A)(iii).
                                                    30 7
                                                                                                           12:00 p.m.                                                 Closed Portion of the Meeting: PCAST
                                                         U.S.C. 1a(12)(A)(iv).
                                                    31 7 U.S.C. 1a(12)(B); 7 U.S.C. 1a(12)(B)(vii).        ADDRESSES: The meeting will be held at                  may hold a closed meeting of
                                                    32 7 U.S.C. 1a(12)(C).                                 the National Academy of Sciences, 2101                  approximately one hour with the
                                                    33 Petition, at 6.                                                                                             President on January 6, 2017, which
                                                    34 Id. at 9.                                             35 See   7 U.S.C. 1a(12)(B)(i).                       must take place in the White House for


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Document Created: 2018-02-14 09:05:41
Document Modified: 2018-02-14 09:05:41
CategoryRegulatory Information
CollectionFederal Register
sudoc ClassAE 2.7:
GS 4.107:
AE 2.106:
PublisherOffice of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Administration
SectionNotices
ActionNotice and order.
DatesEffective date: December 12, 2016.
ContactAmanda Olear, Associate Director, Division of Swap Dealer and Intermediary Oversight, (202) 418-5283, [email protected], or Elizabeth Groover, Special Counsel, Division of Swap Dealer and Intermediary Oversight, (202) 418-5985, [email protected]
FR Citation81 FR 89447 

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