81_FR_96179 81 FR 95929 - Nuclear Decommissioning Funds

81 FR 95929 - Nuclear Decommissioning Funds

DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY
Internal Revenue Service

Federal Register Volume 81, Issue 250 (December 29, 2016)

Page Range95929-95932
FR Document2016-31205

This document provides proposed changes to the regulations under section 468A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (Code) relating to deductions for contributions to trusts maintained for decommissioning nuclear power plants and the use of the amounts in those trusts to decommission nuclear plants. The proposed regulations revise certain provisions to: Address issues that have arisen as more nuclear plants have begun the decommissioning process; and clarify provisions in the current regulations regarding self-dealing and the definition of substantial completion of decommissioning.

Federal Register, Volume 81 Issue 250 (Thursday, December 29, 2016)
[Federal Register Volume 81, Number 250 (Thursday, December 29, 2016)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 95929-95932]
From the Federal Register Online  [www.thefederalregister.org]
[FR Doc No: 2016-31205]


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DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY

Internal Revenue Service

26 CFR Part 1

[REG-112800-16]
RIN 1545-BN42


Nuclear Decommissioning Funds

AGENCY: Internal Revenue Service (IRS), Treasury.

ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

SUMMARY: This document provides proposed changes to the regulations 
under section 468A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (Code) relating 
to deductions for contributions to trusts maintained for 
decommissioning nuclear power plants and the use of the amounts in 
those trusts to decommission nuclear plants. The proposed regulations 
revise certain provisions to: Address issues that have arisen as more 
nuclear plants have begun the decommissioning process; and clarify 
provisions in the current regulations regarding self-dealing and the 
definition of substantial completion of decommissioning.

DATES: Written or electronic comments and requests for a public hearing 
must be received by March 29, 2017.

ADDRESSES: Send submissions to: CC:PA:LPD:PR (REG-112800-16), Room 
5203, Internal Revenue Service, P.O. Box 7604, Ben Franklin Station, 
Washington, DC 20044. Submissions may be hand delivered Monday through 
Friday between the hours of 8 a.m. and 4 p.m. to: CC:PA:LPD:PR (REG-
112800-16), Courier's Desk, Internal Revenue Service, 1111 Constitution 
Avenue NW., Washington, DC, or sent electronically, via the Federal 
eRulemaking Portal at http://www.regulations.gov/ (IRS REG-112800-16).

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Concerning the regulations, Jennifer 
C. Bernardini, (202) 317-6853; concerning submissions and to request a 
hearing, Regina Johnson, (202) 317-6901 (not toll-free numbers).

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Paperwork Reduction Act

    There is no new collection of information contained in this notice 
of proposed rulemaking. The collection of information contained in the 
regulations under section 468A has been reviewed and approved by the 
Office of Management and Budget in accordance with the Paperwork 
Reduction Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C. 3507(d)) under control number 1545-
2091. Responses to these collections of information are required to 
obtain a tax benefit.
    An agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required 
to respond to, a collection of information unless it displays a valid 
control number assigned by the Office of Management and Budget.
    Books or records relating to a collection of information must be 
retained as long as their contents may become material in the 
administration of any internal revenue law. Generally, tax returns and 
tax return information are confidential, as required by section 6103 of 
the Code.

Background

    This proposed rulemaking consists of several amendments to the 
existing regulations under section 468A. Section 468A was originally 
enacted by section

[[Page 95930]]

91(c)(1) of the Deficit Reduction Act of 1984, Public Law 98-369, (98 
Stat 604) and has been amended, most recently by section 1310 of the 
Energy Policy Act of 2005, Public Law 109-58 (119 Stat 594). Temporary 
regulations (TD 9374) under section 468A were published in the Federal 
Register for December 31, 2007 (72 FR 74175). Regulations finalizing 
and removing the temporary regulations (TD 9512) were published in the 
Federal Register on December 23, 2010 (75 FR 80697).

Explanation of Provisions

1. Definition of Nuclear Decommissioning Costs

A. Inclusion of Amounts Related to the Storage of Spent Fuel Within 
Definition of Nuclear Decommissioning Costs

    Section 468A is intended to allow taxpayers to currently deduct 
amounts set aside in a qualified fund (Fund) for the purpose of 
decommissioning a nuclear power plant. The taxpayer must include the 
amount of any actual or deemed distribution from the Fund in gross 
income in the year of the distribution, as provided in Sec.  1.468A-
2(d)(1). Taxpayers may then claim an offsetting deduction for amounts 
spent on decommissioning costs as determined under section 461(h) and 
other sections. See Sec.  1.468A-2(e).
    Taxpayers that operate nuclear power plants, whether such plants 
are currently operating or have ceased operations, must safely store 
spent fuel. Nuclear fuel assemblies are removed from the reactor and 
those assemblies are stored in a spent fuel pool for cooling. 
Subsequently, the spent fuel may be inserted into storage casks and the 
casks transferred to an on-site Independent Spent Fuel Storage 
Installation (ISFSI). An ISFSI consists of a concrete storage pad on 
which the storage casks are placed. Although the Nuclear Waste Policy 
Act of 1982, 42 U.S.C. 10101, et seq, requires the Department of Energy 
(DOE) to take and dispose of spent nuclear fuel in a permanent geologic 
repository, no such repository has been established and the government 
has not yet begun accepting spent fuel. Thus, operators of nuclear 
power plants must safely store spent fuel in an on-site ISFSI.
    Existing Sec.  1.468A-1(b)(6) defines nuclear decommissioning costs 
as including ``all otherwise deductible expenses to be incurred in 
connection with'' the disposal of certain nuclear assets. Section 
1.468A-1(b)(6) continues that ``such term also includes costs incurred 
in connection with the construction, operation, and ultimate 
decommissioning of a facility used solely to store, pending acceptance 
by the government for permanent storage or disposal, spent nuclear fuel 
generated by the nuclear power plant or plants located on the same site 
as the storage facility.'' The Treasury Department and the IRS have 
become aware that there are questions regarding whether ISFSI-related 
costs for the construction or purchase of assets that would not 
necessarily qualify as ``otherwise deductible'' expenses under the 
current regulation are included as nuclear decommissioning costs. The 
proposed regulations clarify the definition of nuclear decommissioning 
costs to specifically provide for ISFSI-related costs.

B. Inclusion of Amounts for Purchase or Construction of a Depreciable 
Asset as Part of Decommissioning Process Within Definition of Nuclear 
Decommissioning Costs

    Under the existing regulations, questions have arisen as to whether 
a cost must be currently deductible for that amount to be payable 
currently from the Fund under the ``otherwise deductible'' language of 
Sec.  1.468A-1(b)(6). For example, where a depreciable asset is 
purchased or constructed as part of the decommissioning process (and 
the asset is not considered abandoned) questions have arisen regarding 
whether the ``otherwise deductible'' language is satisfied solely by 
the fact that the property is depreciable or whether the expense is 
treated as a deductible decommissioning expense only to the extent that 
depreciation is currently allowed. This raises a timing issue regarding 
whether a fund may pay for the purchase or construction of a 
depreciable asset to be used in decommissioning that is not considered 
abandoned when completed. Under the present regulations, because the 
asset would be fully depreciable but the cost of the asset is not 
otherwise deductible, a fund may only pay for the portion of the 
depreciation allowable in the tax year in which such property is placed 
in service. The intent of section 468A is to allow owners of nuclear 
power plants to put amounts in a Fund on a tax-free basis and then to 
use those amounts and the earnings on those amounts to pay for 
decommissioning. In order to effectuate that intent, the proposed 
regulations broaden the definition of nuclear decommissioning costs to 
include the total cost of depreciable assets by adding the words ``or 
recoverable through depreciation'' following ``otherwise deductible'' 
in Sec.  1.468A-1(b)(6).
2. Clarification of the Applicability of the Self-Dealing Rules to 
Transactions Between the Fund and Related Parties
    Section 4951 imposes an excise tax on acts of self-dealing between 
a ``disqualified person'' and a trust described in section 501(c)(21). 
Section 468A(e)(5) provides that, under regulations prescribed by the 
Secretary, for purposes of section 4951, the Fund shall be treated in 
the same manner as a trust described in section 501(c)(21). Section 
1.468A-5(b)(1) states that the excise taxes imposed by section 4951 
apply to each act of self-dealing between the Fund and a disqualified 
person. Section 1.468A-5(b)(2) defines ``self-dealing,'' for purposes 
of Sec.  1.468A-5(b), as any act described in section 4951(d), but 
provides for some exclusions, including a payment by a Fund for the 
purpose of satisfying, in whole or in part, the liability of the 
taxpayer who has elected section 468A and established a Fund (electing 
taxpayer) for decommissioning costs of the nuclear power plant to which 
the Fund relates. Section 1.468A-5(b)(3), by reference to section 
4951(e)(4) and Sec.  53.4951-1(d), provides that the term 
``disqualified person'' includes, with respect to a trust, a 
contributor to the trust and a trustee of the trust.
    The IRS has issued several private letter rulings holding that a 
reimbursement to an electing taxpayer or an unrelated party by a Fund 
of decommissioning costs, such as severance payments and pre-
dismantlement decommissioning costs, is made for the purpose of 
satisfying the liability of the electing taxpayer for decommissioning 
costs of the nuclear power plant to which the Fund relates and 
therefore is not self-dealing. Thus, under these rulings, the 
reimbursement by a Fund of these costs represents a permissible use of 
the Funds. To remove any lingering uncertainty, as well as to avoid the 
burden on taxpayers of filing additional ruling requests on these 
issues, the proposed regulations clarify that reimbursements of 
decommissioning costs by the Fund to related parties (including the 
electing taxpayer) that paid such costs are not an act of self-dealing. 
However, no amount beyond what is actually paid by the related party, 
including amounts such as direct or indirect overhead or a reasonable 
profit element, may be included in the reimbursement by the Fund.
3. Definition of ``Substantial Completion'' in Sec.  1.468A-5(d)(3)(i)
    Existing Sec.  1.468A-5(d)(3)(i) defines the substantial completion 
date as ``the

[[Page 95931]]

date that the maximum acceptable radioactivity levels mandated by the 
Nuclear Regulatory Commission [NRC] with respect to a decommissioned 
nuclear power plant are satisfied.'' However, Sec.  1.468A-5(d)(3)(ii) 
provides that, if a significant portion of the total estimated 
decommissioning costs are not incurred on or before the substantial 
completion date, the electing taxpayer may request a ruling that 
designates a date subsequent to the substantial completion date as the 
termination date; such later date may be no later than the last day of 
the third taxable year after the taxable year that includes the 
substantial completion date. Under certain state and local 
requirements, the plant operator must return the site of the plant to 
conditions requiring time beyond that needed to reach the maximum 
radioactivity level mandated by the NRC. To accommodate these 
situations without requiring that the taxpayer request a ruling, the 
proposed regulations amend the definition of ``substantial completion'' 
to the date on which all Federal, state, local, and contractual 
decommissioning liabilities are fully satisfied.

Proposed Effective/Applicability Date

    The rules contained in these regulations are proposed to apply to 
taxable years ending on or after the date of publication of the 
Treasury decision adopting these rules as final regulations in the 
Federal Register. Notwithstanding the prospective effective date, the 
IRS will not challenge return positions consistent with these proposed 
regulations for taxable years ending on or after the date these 
proposed regulations are published.

Special Analyses

    Certain IRS regulations, including these, are exempt from the 
requirements of Executive Order 12866, as supplemented and affirmed by 
Executive Order 13563. Therefore, a regulatory assessment is not 
required. It is hereby certified that these regulations will not have a 
significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities. 
This certification is based on (1) the fact that the rules in these 
proposed regulations primarily affect owners of nuclear power plants 
which are not small entities as defined by the Regulatory Flexibility 
Act (5 U.S.C. 601) and (2) the proposed regulations do not impose a 
collection of information on small entities. Accordingly, a Regulatory 
Flexibility Analysis under the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 
601) is not required. We request comment on the accuracy of this 
certification. Pursuant to section 7805(f) of the Code, these 
regulations have been submitted to the Chief Counsel for Advocacy of 
the Small Business Administration for comment on their impact on small 
business.

Comments and Requests for a Public Hearing

    Before these proposed regulations are adopted as final regulations, 
consideration will be given to any written comments (a signed original 
and eight (8) copies) or electronically generated comments that are 
submitted timely to the IRS. The Treasury Department and the IRS 
generally request comments on the clarity of the proposed rule and how 
it may be made easier to understand. All comments will be available for 
public inspection and copying. A public hearing may be scheduled if 
requested in writing by a person who timely submits comments. If a 
public hearing is scheduled, notice of the date, time, and place for 
the hearing will be published in the Federal Register.

Drafting Information

    The principal author of these regulations is Jennifer C. 
Bernardini, Office of Associate Chief Counsel (Passthroughs and Special 
Industries). However, other personnel from the IRS and Treasury 
Department participated in their development.

List of Subjects in 26 CFR Part 1

    Income taxes, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.

Proposed Amendments to the Regulations

    Accordingly, 26 CFR part 1 is proposed to be amended as follows:

PART 1--INCOME TAXES

0
Paragraph 1. The authority citation for part 1 continues to read in 
part as follows:

    Authority: 26 U.S.C. 7805 * * *

0
Par. 2. Section Sec.  1.468A-1 is amended by revising paragraph (b)(6) 
to read as follows:


Sec.  1.468A-1  Nuclear decommissioning costs; general rules.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (6)(i) The term nuclear decommissioning costs or decommissioning 
costs includes all otherwise deductible expenses to be incurred in 
connection with the entombment, decontamination, dismantlement, removal 
and disposal of the structures, systems and components of a nuclear 
power plant, whether that nuclear power plant will continue to produce 
electric energy or has permanently ceased to produce electric energy. 
Such term includes all otherwise deductible expenses to be incurred in 
connection with the preparation for decommissioning, such as 
engineering and other planning expenses, and all otherwise deductible 
expenses to be incurred with respect to the plant after the actual 
decommissioning occurs, such as physical security and radiation 
monitoring expenses. An expense is otherwise deductible for purposes of 
this paragraph (b)(6) if it would be deductible or recoverable through 
depreciation or amortization under chapter 1 of the Internal Revenue 
Code without regard to section 280B.
    (ii) The term nuclear decommissioning costs or decommissioning 
costs also includes costs incurred in connection with the construction, 
operation, and ultimate decommissioning of a facility used solely to 
store, pending delivery to a permanent repository or disposal, spent 
nuclear fuel generated by the nuclear power plant or plants located on 
the same site as the storage facility (for example, an Independent 
Spent Fuel Storage Installation). Such term does not include otherwise 
deductible expenses to be incurred in connection with the disposal of 
spent nuclear fuel under the Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982 (Pub. L. 
97-425).
* * * * *
0
Par. 3. Paragraph Sec.  1.468A-5 is amended by revising the heading and 
paragraphs (b)(2)(i) and (d)(3)(i) to read as follows:


Sec.  1.468A-5  Nuclear decommissioning fund--miscellaneous provisions.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (2) * * *
    (i) A payment by a nuclear decommissioning fund for the purpose of 
satisfying, in whole or in part, the liability of the electing taxpayer 
for decommissioning costs of the nuclear power plant to which the 
nuclear decommissioning fund relates, whether such payment is made to 
an unrelated party in satisfaction of the decommissioning liability or 
to the plant operator or other otherwise disqualified person as 
reimbursement solely for actual expenses paid by such person in 
satisfaction of the decommissioning liability;
* * * * *
    (d) * * *
    (3) * * *
    (i) The substantial completion of the decommissioning of a nuclear 
power

[[Page 95932]]

plant occurs on the date on which all Federal, state, local, and 
contractual decommissioning requirements are fully satisfied (the 
substantial completion date). Except as otherwise provided in paragraph 
(d)(3)(ii) of this section, the substantial completion date is also the 
termination date.
* * * * *

John Dalrymple,
Deputy Commissioner for Services and Enforcement.
[FR Doc. 2016-31205 Filed 12-28-16; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4830-01-P



                                                                          Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 250 / Thursday, December 29, 2016 / Proposed Rules                                        95929

                                                      after the transition period can be made                 mortality tables used pursuant to                     amounts in those trusts to
                                                      using a shorter experience study period                 § 1.430(h)(3)–1(a)(3) are permitted to be             decommission nuclear plants. The
                                                      than would otherwise be permitted                       used for a multiemployer plan for this                proposed regulations revise certain
                                                      under paragraph (c)(2)(iii)(B) of this                  purpose. However, for this purpose,                   provisions to: Address issues that have
                                                      section, provided that the experience                   substitute mortality tables under                     arisen as more nuclear plants have
                                                      study period begins with the date the                   § 1.430(h)(3)–2 are not permitted to be               begun the decommissioning process;
                                                      plan becomes maintained within the                      used for a multiemployer plan.                        and clarify provisions in the current
                                                      sponsor’s controlled group and ends not                    (b) Effective/applicability date. This             regulations regarding self-dealing and
                                                      more than one year and one day before                   section applies for plan years beginning              the definition of substantial completion
                                                      the first day of the plan year.                         on or after January 1, 2018. For rules                of decommissioning.
                                                         (iii) Demonstration relating to credible             that apply to plan years beginning                    DATES: Written or electronic comments
                                                      mortality experience. If the experience                 before January 1, 2018 and on or after                and requests for a public hearing must
                                                      study for a newly affiliated plan                       January 1, 2008, see § 1.431(c)(6)–1 (as              be received by March 29, 2017.
                                                      excludes mortality experience data for                  contained in 26 CFR part 1 revised April              ADDRESSES: Send submissions to:
                                                      the period prior to the date the plan                   1, 2015).                                             CC:PA:LPD:PR (REG–112800–16), Room
                                                      becomes maintained by a member of the                   ■ Par. 5. Section 1.433(h)(3)–1 is added              5203, Internal Revenue Service, P.O.
                                                      new plan sponsor’s controlled group                     to read as follows:                                   Box 7604, Ben Franklin Station,
                                                      and the plan fails to demonstrate that it
                                                                                                              § 1.433(h)(3)–1 Mortality tables used to              Washington, DC 20044. Submissions
                                                      does not have credible mortality
                                                                                                              determine current liability.                          may be hand delivered Monday through
                                                      information for the plan year under the
                                                                                                                (a) Mortality tables used to determine              Friday between the hours of 8 a.m. and
                                                      rules of paragraph (f)(3)(ii) of this
                                                                                                              current liability. In accordance with                 4 p.m. to: CC:PA:LPD:PR (REG–112800–
                                                      section, then other plans within the
                                                                                                              section 433(h)(3)(B), the mortality                   16), Courier’s Desk, Internal Revenue
                                                      controlled group can continue to use
                                                                                                              assumptions that apply to a defined                   Service, 1111 Constitution Avenue NW.,
                                                      substitute mortality tables only if
                                                                                                              benefit plan for the plan year pursuant               Washington, DC, or sent electronically,
                                                      substitute mortality tables are used for
                                                                                                              to section 430(h)(3)(A) and                           via the Federal eRulemaking Portal at
                                                      the newly affiliated plan the plan year.
                                                                                                              § 1.430(h)(3)–1(a) are used to determine              http://www.regulations.gov/ (IRS REG–
                                                      In such a case, the experience study
                                                                                                              a CSEC plan’s current liability for                   112800–16).
                                                      period can be a shorter period than the
                                                                                                              purposes of applying the rules of section             FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
                                                      period in paragraph (d)(2) of this
                                                      section, provided that the period is at                 433(c)(7)(C). Either the static mortality             Concerning the regulations, Jennifer C.
                                                      least one year.                                         tables used pursuant to § 1.430(h)(3)–                Bernardini, (202) 317–6853; concerning
                                                         (4) Definition of newly affiliated plan.             1(a)(3) or generational mortality tables              submissions and to request a hearing,
                                                      For purposes of this paragraph (f), a                   used pursuant to § 1.430(h)(3)–1(a)(2)                Regina Johnson, (202) 317–6901 (not
                                                      plan is treated as a newly affiliated plan              are permitted to be used for a CSEC plan              toll-free numbers).
                                                      if it becomes maintained by the plan                    for this purpose, but substitute mortality            SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
                                                      sponsor (or by a member of the plan                     tables under § 1.430(h)(3)–2 are not                  Paperwork Reduction Act
                                                      sponsor’s controlled group) in                          permitted to be used for this purpose.
                                                      connection with a merger, acquisition,                    (b) Effective/applicability date. This                There is no new collection of
                                                      or similar transaction described in                     section applies for plan years beginning              information contained in this notice of
                                                      § 1.410(b)–2(f). A plan also is treated as              on or after January 1, 2018.                          proposed rulemaking. The collection of
                                                      a newly affiliated plan for purposes of                                                                       information contained in the regulations
                                                                                                              John Dalrymple,                                       under section 468A has been reviewed
                                                      this section if the plan is established in
                                                                                                              Deputy Commissioner for Services and                  and approved by the Office of
                                                      connection with a transfer of assets and                Enforcement.
                                                      liabilities from another employer’s plan                                                                      Management and Budget in accordance
                                                                                                              [FR Doc. 2016–30906 Filed 12–28–16; 8:45 am]          with the Paperwork Reduction Act of
                                                      in connection with a merger,
                                                      acquisition, or similar transaction                     BILLING CODE 4830–01–P                                1995 (44 U.S.C. 3507(d)) under control
                                                      described in § 1.410(b)–2(f).                                                                                 number 1545–2091. Responses to these
                                                         (g) Effective/applicability date. This                                                                     collections of information are required
                                                                                                              DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY                            to obtain a tax benefit.
                                                      section applies for plan years beginning
                                                      on or after January 1, 2018, and any                                                                            An agency may not conduct or
                                                                                                              Internal Revenue Service                              sponsor, and a person is not required to
                                                      substitute mortality table used for a plan
                                                      for such a plan year must comply with                                                                         respond to, a collection of information
                                                                                                              26 CFR Part 1                                         unless it displays a valid control
                                                      the rules of this section.
                                                      ■ Par. 4. Section 1.431(c)(6)–1 is revised              [REG–112800–16]                                       number assigned by the Office of
                                                      to read as follows:                                                                                           Management and Budget.
                                                                                                              RIN 1545–BN42
                                                                                                                                                                      Books or records relating to a
                                                      § 1.431(c)(6)–1 Mortality tables used to                                                                      collection of information must be
                                                      determine current liability.
                                                                                                              Nuclear Decommissioning Funds
                                                                                                                                                                    retained as long as their contents may
                                                        (a) Mortality tables used to determine                AGENCY: Internal Revenue Service (IRS),               become material in the administration
                                                      current liability. The mortality                        Treasury.                                             of any internal revenue law. Generally,
asabaliauskas on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with PROPOSALS




                                                      assumptions that apply to a defined                     ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking.                tax returns and tax return information
                                                      benefit plan for the plan year pursuant                                                                       are confidential, as required by section
                                                      to section 430(h)(3)(A) and                             SUMMARY:  This document provides                      6103 of the Code.
                                                      § 1.430(h)(3)–1(a) are used to determine                proposed changes to the regulations
                                                      a multiemployer plan’s current liability                under section 468A of the Internal                    Background
                                                      for purposes of applying the rules of                   Revenue Code of 1986 (Code) relating to                 This proposed rulemaking consists of
                                                      section 431(c)(6). Either the generational              deductions for contributions to trusts                several amendments to the existing
                                                      mortality tables used pursuant to                       maintained for decommissioning                        regulations under section 468A. Section
                                                      § 1.430(h)(3)–1(a)(2) or the static                     nuclear power plants and the use of the               468A was originally enacted by section


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                                                      95930               Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 250 / Thursday, December 29, 2016 / Proposed Rules

                                                      91(c)(1) of the Deficit Reduction Act of                solely to store, pending acceptance by                2. Clarification of the Applicability of
                                                      1984, Public Law 98–369, (98 Stat 604)                  the government for permanent storage or               the Self-Dealing Rules to Transactions
                                                      and has been amended, most recently by                  disposal, spent nuclear fuel generated                Between the Fund and Related Parties
                                                      section 1310 of the Energy Policy Act of                by the nuclear power plant or plants                     Section 4951 imposes an excise tax on
                                                      2005, Public Law 109–58 (119 Stat 594).                 located on the same site as the storage               acts of self-dealing between a
                                                      Temporary regulations (TD 9374) under                   facility.’’ The Treasury Department and               ‘‘disqualified person’’ and a trust
                                                      section 468A were published in the                      the IRS have become aware that there                  described in section 501(c)(21). Section
                                                      Federal Register for December 31, 2007                  are questions regarding whether ISFSI-                468A(e)(5) provides that, under
                                                      (72 FR 74175). Regulations finalizing                   related costs for the construction or                 regulations prescribed by the Secretary,
                                                      and removing the temporary regulations                  purchase of assets that would not                     for purposes of section 4951, the Fund
                                                      (TD 9512) were published in the                         necessarily qualify as ‘‘otherwise                    shall be treated in the same manner as
                                                      Federal Register on December 23, 2010                   deductible’’ expenses under the current               a trust described in section 501(c)(21).
                                                      (75 FR 80697).                                          regulation are included as nuclear                    Section 1.468A–5(b)(1) states that the
                                                      Explanation of Provisions                               decommissioning costs. The proposed                   excise taxes imposed by section 4951
                                                                                                              regulations clarify the definition of                 apply to each act of self-dealing between
                                                      1. Definition of Nuclear                                nuclear decommissioning costs to                      the Fund and a disqualified person.
                                                      Decommissioning Costs                                   specifically provide for ISFSI-related                Section 1.468A–5(b)(2) defines ‘‘self-
                                                      A. Inclusion of Amounts Related to the                  costs.                                                dealing,’’ for purposes of § 1.468A–5(b),
                                                      Storage of Spent Fuel Within Definition                 B. Inclusion of Amounts for Purchase or               as any act described in section 4951(d),
                                                      of Nuclear Decommissioning Costs                        Construction of a Depreciable Asset as                but provides for some exclusions,
                                                         Section 468A is intended to allow                    Part of Decommissioning Process Within                including a payment by a Fund for the
                                                      taxpayers to currently deduct amounts                   Definition of Nuclear Decommissioning                 purpose of satisfying, in whole or in
                                                      set aside in a qualified fund (Fund) for                Costs                                                 part, the liability of the taxpayer who
                                                      the purpose of decommissioning a                                                                              has elected section 468A and
                                                      nuclear power plant. The taxpayer must                     Under the existing regulations,                    established a Fund (electing taxpayer)
                                                      include the amount of any actual or                     questions have arisen as to whether a                 for decommissioning costs of the
                                                      deemed distribution from the Fund in                    cost must be currently deductible for                 nuclear power plant to which the Fund
                                                      gross income in the year of the                         that amount to be payable currently                   relates. Section 1.468A–5(b)(3), by
                                                      distribution, as provided in § 1.468A–                  from the Fund under the ‘‘otherwise                   reference to section 4951(e)(4) and
                                                      2(d)(1). Taxpayers may then claim an                    deductible’’ language of § 1.468A–                    § 53.4951–1(d), provides that the term
                                                      offsetting deduction for amounts spent                  1(b)(6). For example, where a                         ‘‘disqualified person’’ includes, with
                                                      on decommissioning costs as                             depreciable asset is purchased or                     respect to a trust, a contributor to the
                                                      determined under section 461(h) and                     constructed as part of the                            trust and a trustee of the trust.
                                                      other sections. See § 1.468A–2(e).                      decommissioning process (and the asset                   The IRS has issued several private
                                                         Taxpayers that operate nuclear power                 is not considered abandoned) questions                letter rulings holding that a
                                                      plants, whether such plants are                         have arisen regarding whether the                     reimbursement to an electing taxpayer
                                                      currently operating or have ceased                      ‘‘otherwise deductible’’ language is                  or an unrelated party by a Fund of
                                                      operations, must safely store spent fuel.               satisfied solely by the fact that the                 decommissioning costs, such as
                                                      Nuclear fuel assemblies are removed                     property is depreciable or whether the                severance payments and pre-
                                                      from the reactor and those assemblies                   expense is treated as a deductible                    dismantlement decommissioning costs,
                                                      are stored in a spent fuel pool for                     decommissioning expense only to the                   is made for the purpose of satisfying the
                                                      cooling. Subsequently, the spent fuel                   extent that depreciation is currently                 liability of the electing taxpayer for
                                                      may be inserted into storage casks and                  allowed. This raises a timing issue                   decommissioning costs of the nuclear
                                                      the casks transferred to an on-site                     regarding whether a fund may pay for                  power plant to which the Fund relates
                                                      Independent Spent Fuel Storage                          the purchase or construction of a                     and therefore is not self-dealing. Thus,
                                                      Installation (ISFSI). An ISFSI consists of              depreciable asset to be used in                       under these rulings, the reimbursement
                                                      a concrete storage pad on which the                     decommissioning that is not considered                by a Fund of these costs represents a
                                                      storage casks are placed. Although the                  abandoned when completed. Under the                   permissible use of the Funds. To remove
                                                      Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982, 42                    present regulations, because the asset                any lingering uncertainty, as well as to
                                                      U.S.C. 10101, et seq, requires the                      would be fully depreciable but the cost               avoid the burden on taxpayers of filing
                                                      Department of Energy (DOE) to take and                  of the asset is not otherwise deductible,             additional ruling requests on these
                                                      dispose of spent nuclear fuel in a                      a fund may only pay for the portion of                issues, the proposed regulations clarify
                                                      permanent geologic repository, no such                  the depreciation allowable in the tax                 that reimbursements of
                                                      repository has been established and the                 year in which such property is placed                 decommissioning costs by the Fund to
                                                      government has not yet begun accepting                  in service. The intent of section 468A is             related parties (including the electing
                                                      spent fuel. Thus, operators of nuclear                  to allow owners of nuclear power plants               taxpayer) that paid such costs are not an
                                                      power plants must safely store spent                    to put amounts in a Fund on a tax-free                act of self-dealing. However, no amount
                                                      fuel in an on-site ISFSI.                               basis and then to use those amounts and               beyond what is actually paid by the
                                                         Existing § 1.468A–1(b)(6) defines                    the earnings on those amounts to pay for              related party, including amounts such
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                                                      nuclear decommissioning costs as                        decommissioning. In order to effectuate               as direct or indirect overhead or a
                                                      including ‘‘all otherwise deductible                    that intent, the proposed regulations                 reasonable profit element, may be
                                                      expenses to be incurred in connection                   broaden the definition of nuclear                     included in the reimbursement by the
                                                      with’’ the disposal of certain nuclear                  decommissioning costs to include the                  Fund.
                                                      assets. Section 1.468A–1(b)(6) continues                total cost of depreciable assets by
                                                      that ‘‘such term also includes costs                    adding the words ‘‘or recoverable                     3. Definition of ‘‘Substantial
                                                      incurred in connection with the                         through depreciation’’ following                      Completion’’ in § 1.468A–5(d)(3)(i)
                                                      construction, operation, and ultimate                   ‘‘otherwise deductible’’ in § 1.468A–                   Existing § 1.468A–5(d)(3)(i) defines
                                                      decommissioning of a facility used                      1(b)(6).                                              the substantial completion date as ‘‘the


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                                                                          Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 250 / Thursday, December 29, 2016 / Proposed Rules                                          95931

                                                      date that the maximum acceptable                        these regulations have been submitted                 nuclear power plant will continue to
                                                      radioactivity levels mandated by the                    to the Chief Counsel for Advocacy of the              produce electric energy or has
                                                      Nuclear Regulatory Commission [NRC]                     Small Business Administration for                     permanently ceased to produce electric
                                                      with respect to a decommissioned                        comment on their impact on small                      energy. Such term includes all
                                                      nuclear power plant are satisfied.’’                    business.                                             otherwise deductible expenses to be
                                                      However, § 1.468A–5(d)(3)(ii) provides                                                                        incurred in connection with the
                                                      that, if a significant portion of the total             Comments and Requests for a Public                    preparation for decommissioning, such
                                                      estimated decommissioning costs are                     Hearing                                               as engineering and other planning
                                                      not incurred on or before the substantial                  Before these proposed regulations are              expenses, and all otherwise deductible
                                                      completion date, the electing taxpayer                  adopted as final regulations,                         expenses to be incurred with respect to
                                                      may request a ruling that designates a                  consideration will be given to any                    the plant after the actual
                                                      date subsequent to the substantial                      written comments (a signed original and               decommissioning occurs, such as
                                                      completion date as the termination date;                eight (8) copies) or electronically                   physical security and radiation
                                                      such later date may be no later than the                generated comments that are submitted                 monitoring expenses. An expense is
                                                      last day of the third taxable year after                timely to the IRS. The Treasury                       otherwise deductible for purposes of
                                                      the taxable year that includes the                      Department and the IRS generally                      this paragraph (b)(6) if it would be
                                                      substantial completion date. Under                      request comments on the clarity of the                deductible or recoverable through
                                                      certain state and local requirements, the               proposed rule and how it may be made                  depreciation or amortization under
                                                      plant operator must return the site of the              easier to understand. All comments will               chapter 1 of the Internal Revenue Code
                                                      plant to conditions requiring time                      be available for public inspection and                without regard to section 280B.
                                                      beyond that needed to reach the                         copying. A public hearing may be                        (ii) The term nuclear
                                                      maximum radioactivity level mandated                    scheduled if requested in writing by a                decommissioning costs or
                                                      by the NRC. To accommodate these                        person who timely submits comments.                   decommissioning costs also includes
                                                      situations without requiring that the                   If a public hearing is scheduled, notice              costs incurred in connection with the
                                                      taxpayer request a ruling, the proposed                 of the date, time, and place for the                  construction, operation, and ultimate
                                                      regulations amend the definition of                     hearing will be published in the Federal              decommissioning of a facility used
                                                      ‘‘substantial completion’’ to the date on               Register.                                             solely to store, pending delivery to a
                                                      which all Federal, state, local, and                                                                          permanent repository or disposal, spent
                                                      contractual decommissioning liabilities                 Drafting Information                                  nuclear fuel generated by the nuclear
                                                      are fully satisfied.                                      The principal author of these                       power plant or plants located on the
                                                                                                              regulations is Jennifer C. Bernardini,                same site as the storage facility (for
                                                      Proposed Effective/Applicability Date
                                                                                                              Office of Associate Chief Counsel                     example, an Independent Spent Fuel
                                                         The rules contained in these                         (Passthroughs and Special Industries).                Storage Installation). Such term does not
                                                      regulations are proposed to apply to                    However, other personnel from the IRS                 include otherwise deductible expenses
                                                      taxable years ending on or after the date               and Treasury Department participated                  to be incurred in connection with the
                                                      of publication of the Treasury decision                 in their development.                                 disposal of spent nuclear fuel under the
                                                      adopting these rules as final regulations                                                                     Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982 (Pub.
                                                      in the Federal Register.                                List of Subjects in 26 CFR Part 1
                                                                                                                                                                    L. 97–425).
                                                      Notwithstanding the prospective                           Income taxes, Reporting and                         *      *    *     *     *
                                                      effective date, the IRS will not challenge              recordkeeping requirements.                           ■ Par. 3. Paragraph § 1.468A–5 is
                                                      return positions consistent with these                                                                        amended by revising the heading and
                                                      proposed regulations for taxable years                  Proposed Amendments to the
                                                                                                              Regulations                                           paragraphs (b)(2)(i) and (d)(3)(i) to read
                                                      ending on or after the date these                                                                             as follows:
                                                      proposed regulations are published.                       Accordingly, 26 CFR part 1 is
                                                                                                              proposed to be amended as follows:                    § 1.468A–5 Nuclear decommissioning
                                                      Special Analyses                                                                                              fund—miscellaneous provisions.
                                                         Certain IRS regulations, including                   PART 1—INCOME TAXES                                   *      *     *     *     *
                                                      these, are exempt from the requirements                                                                          (b) * * *
                                                      of Executive Order 12866, as                            ■ Paragraph 1. The authority citation                    (2) * * *
                                                      supplemented and affirmed by                            for part 1 continues to read in part as                  (i) A payment by a nuclear
                                                      Executive Order 13563. Therefore, a                     follows:                                              decommissioning fund for the purpose
                                                      regulatory assessment is not required. It                   Authority: 26 U.S.C. 7805 * * *                   of satisfying, in whole or in part, the
                                                      is hereby certified that these regulations              ■ Par. 2. Section § 1.468A–1 is amended               liability of the electing taxpayer for
                                                      will not have a significant economic                    by revising paragraph (b)(6) to read as               decommissioning costs of the nuclear
                                                      impact on a substantial number of small                 follows:                                              power plant to which the nuclear
                                                      entities. This certification is based on                                                                      decommissioning fund relates, whether
                                                      (1) the fact that the rules in these                    § 1.468A–1 Nuclear decommissioning                    such payment is made to an unrelated
                                                      proposed regulations primarily affect                   costs; general rules.                                 party in satisfaction of the
                                                      owners of nuclear power plants which                    *     *     *     *   *                               decommissioning liability or to the
                                                      are not small entities as defined by the                  (b) * * *                                           plant operator or other otherwise
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                                                      Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601)                 (6)(i) The term nuclear                             disqualified person as reimbursement
                                                      and (2) the proposed regulations do not                 decommissioning costs or                              solely for actual expenses paid by such
                                                      impose a collection of information on                   decommissioning costs includes all                    person in satisfaction of the
                                                      small entities. Accordingly, a Regulatory               otherwise deductible expenses to be                   decommissioning liability;
                                                      Flexibility Analysis under the                          incurred in connection with the                       *      *     *     *     *
                                                      Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601)               entombment, decontamination,                             (d) * * *
                                                      is not required. We request comment on                  dismantlement, removal and disposal of                   (3) * * *
                                                      the accuracy of this certification.                     the structures, systems and components                   (i) The substantial completion of the
                                                      Pursuant to section 7805(f) of the Code,                of a nuclear power plant, whether that                decommissioning of a nuclear power


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                                                      95932               Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 250 / Thursday, December 29, 2016 / Proposed Rules

                                                      plant occurs on the date on which all                   shown in FOR FURTHER INFORMATION                      additional information we receive. Such
                                                      Federal, state, local, and contractual                  CONTACT    by February 13, 2017.                      communications may lead to a final rule
                                                      decommissioning requirements are fully                  ADDRESSES: Written comments: You may                  that differs from this proposal. All
                                                      satisfied (the substantial completion                   submit comments by one of the                         comments, including commenters’
                                                      date). Except as otherwise provided in                  following methods:                                    names and addresses, if provided to us,
                                                      paragraph (d)(3)(ii) of this section, the                 (1) Electronically: Go to the Federal               will become part of the supporting
                                                      substantial completion date is also the                 eRulemaking Portal: http://                           record.
                                                      termination date.                                       www.regulations.gov. In the Search box,                  We are specifically requesting
                                                      *     *     *     *     *                               enter FWS–R2–ES–2016–0130, which is                   comments on:
                                                                                                              the docket number for this rulemaking.                   (1) New information on the historical
                                                      John Dalrymple,                                         Then, click on the Search button. On the              and current status, range, distribution,
                                                      Deputy Commissioner for Services and                    resulting page, in the Search panel on                and population size of the Tobusch
                                                      Enforcement.                                            the left side of the screen, under the                fishhook cactus, including the locations
                                                      [FR Doc. 2016–31205 Filed 12–28–16; 8:45 am]            Document Type heading, click on the                   of any additional populations.
                                                      BILLING CODE 4830–01–P                                  Proposed Rules link to locate this                       (2) New information on the known
                                                                                                              document. You may submit a comment                    and potential threats to the Tobusch
                                                                                                              by clicking on ‘‘Comment Now!’’                       fishhook cactus.
                                                      DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR                                (2) By hard copy: Submit by U.S. mail                  (3) New information regarding the life
                                                                                                              or hand-delivery to: Public Comments                  history, ecology, and habitat use of the
                                                      Fish and Wildlife Service                               Processing, Attn: FWS–R2–ES–2016–                     Tobusch fishhook cactus.
                                                                                                              0130, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service,                    Please note that submissions merely
                                                      50 CFR Part 17                                          MS: BPHC, 5275 Leesburg Pike, Falls                   stating support for or opposition to the
                                                                                                              Church, VA 22041–3803.                                action under consideration without
                                                      [Docket No. FWS–R2–ES–2016–0130;                                                                              providing supporting information,
                                                      FXES11130900000 178 FF09E42000]                           We request that you send comments
                                                                                                              only by the methods described above.                  although noted, will not be considered
                                                      RIN 1018–BB90                                           We will post all comments on http://                  in making a determination, as section
                                                                                                              www.regulations.gov. This generally                   4(b)(1)(A) of the Act (16 U.S.C. 1531 et
                                                      Endangered and Threatened Wildlife                      means that we will post any personal                  seq.) directs that determinations as to
                                                      and Plants; Reclassifying the Tobusch                   information you provide us (see Public                whether any species is an endangered or
                                                      Fishhook Cactus From Endangered to                      Comments, below, for more                             threatened species must be made
                                                      Threatened on the Federal List of                       information).                                         ‘‘solely on the basis of the best scientific
                                                      Endangered and Threatened Plants                          Copies of Documents: This proposed                  and commercial data available.’’
                                                                                                              rule and supporting documents are                        You may submit your comments and
                                                      AGENCY:   Fish and Wildlife Service,                                                                          materials concerning the proposed rule
                                                      Interior.                                               available on http://www.regulations.gov.
                                                                                                              In addition, the supporting file for this             by one of the methods listed in
                                                      ACTION: Proposed rule and 12-month                                                                            ADDRESSES. Comments must be
                                                                                                              proposed rule will be available for
                                                      petition finding; request for comments.                                                                       submitted to http://www.regulations.gov
                                                                                                              public inspection, by appointment,
                                                                                                              during normal business hours, at the                  before 11:59 p.m. (Eastern Time) on the
                                                      SUMMARY:    Under the authority of the
                                                                                                              Austin Ecological Services Field Office,              date specified in DATES. We will not
                                                      Endangered Species Act of 1973, as
                                                                                                              10711 Burnet Rd., Suite 200, Austin, TX               consider hand-delivered comments that
                                                      amended (Act), we, the U.S. Fish and
                                                                                                              78727; telephone 512–490–0057.                        we do not receive, or mailed comments
                                                      Wildlife Service (Service), propose to
                                                                                                              FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:                      that are not postmarked, by the date
                                                      reclassify the Tobusch fishhook cactus
                                                                                                              Adam Zerrenner, Field Supervisor, U.S.                specified in DATES.
                                                      (Sclerocactus brevihamatus ssp.                                                                                  We will post your entire comment—
                                                      tobuschii; currently listed as                          Fish and Wildlife Service, Austin
                                                                                                              Ecological Services Field Office, 10711               including your personal identifying
                                                      Ancistrocactus tobuschii) from                                                                                information—on http://
                                                      endangered to threatened on the Federal                 Burnet Rd., Suite 200, Austin, TX
                                                                                                              78727; telephone 512–490–0057; or                     www.regulations.gov. If you provide
                                                      List of Endangered and Threatened                                                                             personal identifying information in your
                                                      Plants (List). This determination is                    facsimile 512–490–0974. Persons who
                                                                                                              use a telecommunications device for the               comment, you may request at the top of
                                                      based on a thorough review of the best                                                                        your document that we withhold this
                                                      available scientific and commercial                     deaf (TDD) may call the Federal
                                                                                                              Information Relay Service (FIRS) at                   information from public review.
                                                      information, which indicates that the                                                                         However, we cannot guarantee that we
                                                      threats to this plant have been reduced                 800–877–8339.
                                                                                                                                                                    will be able to do so.
                                                      to the point that it no longer meets the                SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:                               Comments and materials we receive,
                                                      definition of endangered under the Act,                                                                       as well as supporting documentation we
                                                                                                              Information Requested
                                                      but may still become endangered within                                                                        used in preparing this proposed rule,
                                                      the foreseeable future. This document                   Public Comments                                       will be available for public inspection
                                                      also serves as the 12-month finding on                    We want any final rule resulting from               on http://www.regulations.gov, or by
                                                      a petition to reclassify this plant from                this proposal to be as effective as                   appointment, during normal business
                                                      endangered to threatened.                               possible. Therefore, we invite tribal and             hours at the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
asabaliauskas on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with PROPOSALS




                                                      DATES: We will accept comments                          governmental agencies, the scientific                 Service, Austin Ecological Services
                                                      received or postmarked on or before                     community, industry, and other                        Field Office (see FOR FURTHER
                                                      February 27, 2017. Please note that if                  interested parties to submit comments                 INFORMATION CONTACT).
                                                      you are using the Federal eRulemaking                   or recommendations concerning any
                                                      Portal (see ADDRESSES), the deadline for                aspect of this proposed rule. Comments                Public Hearing
                                                      submitting an electronic comment is                     should be as specific as possible.                      Section 4(b)(5)(E) of the Act provides
                                                      11:59 p.m. Eastern Time on this date.                     To issue a final rule to implement this             for one or more public hearings on this
                                                      We must receive requests for public                     proposed action, we will take into                    proposed rule, if requested. We must
                                                      hearings, in writing, at the address                    consideration all comments and any                    receive requests for public hearings, in


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Document Created: 2016-12-29 01:58:47
Document Modified: 2016-12-29 01:58:47
CategoryRegulatory Information
CollectionFederal Register
sudoc ClassAE 2.7:
GS 4.107:
AE 2.106:
PublisherOffice of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Administration
SectionProposed Rules
ActionNotice of proposed rulemaking.
DatesWritten or electronic comments and requests for a public hearing must be received by March 29, 2017.
ContactConcerning the regulations, Jennifer C. Bernardini, (202) 317-6853; concerning submissions and to request a hearing, Regina Johnson, (202) 317-6901 (not toll-free numbers).
FR Citation81 FR 95929 
RIN Number1545-BN42
CFR AssociatedIncome Taxes and Reporting and Recordkeeping Requirements

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