82_FR_21393 82 FR 21306 - Special Conditions: Gulfstream Aerospace Corporation, Model GV-SP Airplane; Non-Rechargeable Lithium Battery Installations

82 FR 21306 - Special Conditions: Gulfstream Aerospace Corporation, Model GV-SP Airplane; Non-Rechargeable Lithium Battery Installations

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Federal Aviation Administration

Federal Register Volume 82, Issue 87 (May 8, 2017)

Page Range21306-21309
FR Document2017-09202

These special conditions are issued for non-rechargeable lithium battery installations on the Gulfstream Aerospace Corporation (Gulfstream) Model GV-SP airplane. Non-rechargeable lithium batteries are a novel or unusual design feature when compared to the state of technology envisioned in the airworthiness standards for transport category airplanes. The applicable airworthiness regulations do not contain adequate or appropriate safety standards for this design feature. These special conditions contain the additional safety standards that the Administrator considers necessary to establish a level of safety equivalent to that established by the existing airworthiness standards.

Federal Register, Volume 82 Issue 87 (Monday, May 8, 2017)
[Federal Register Volume 82, Number 87 (Monday, May 8, 2017)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 21306-21309]
From the Federal Register Online  [www.thefederalregister.org]
[FR Doc No: 2017-09202]


-----------------------------------------------------------------------

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

Federal Aviation Administration

14 CFR Part 25

[Docket No. FAA-2017-0367; Special Conditions No. 25-665-SC]


Special Conditions: Gulfstream Aerospace Corporation, Model GV-SP 
Airplane; Non-Rechargeable Lithium Battery Installations

AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT.

ACTION: Final special conditions; request for comment.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

SUMMARY: These special conditions are issued for non-rechargeable 
lithium battery installations on the Gulfstream Aerospace Corporation 
(Gulfstream) Model GV-SP airplane. Non-rechargeable lithium batteries 
are a novel or unusual design feature when compared to the state of 
technology envisioned in the airworthiness standards for transport 
category airplanes. The applicable airworthiness regulations do not 
contain adequate or appropriate safety standards for this design 
feature. These special conditions contain the additional safety 
standards that the Administrator considers necessary to establish a 
level of safety equivalent to that established by the existing 
airworthiness standards.

DATES: This action is effective on Gulfstream Aerospace Corporation on 
May 8, 2017. We must receive your comments by June 22, 2017.

ADDRESSES: Send comments identified by docket number FAA-2017-0367 
using any of the following methods:
     Federal eRegulations Portal: Go to http://www.regulations.gov/ and follow the online instructions for sending 
your comments electronically.
     Mail: Send comments to Docket Operations, M-30, U.S. 
Department of Transportation (DOT), 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE., Room 
W12-140, West Building Ground Floor, Washington, DC, 20590-0001.
     Hand Delivery or Courier: Take comments to Docket 
Operations in Room W12-140 of the West Building Ground Floor at 1200 
New Jersey Avenue SE., Washington, DC, between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., 
Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays.
     Fax: Fax comments to Docket Operations at 202-493-2251.
    Privacy: The FAA will post all comments it receives, without 
change, to http://www.regulations.gov/, including any personal 
information the commenter provides. Using the search function of the 
docket Web site, anyone can find and read the electronic form of all 
comments received into any FAA docket, including the name of the 
individual sending the comment (or signing the comment for an 
association, business, labor union, etc.). DOT's complete Privacy Act 
Statement can be found in the Federal Register published on April 11, 
2000 (65 FR 19477-19478), as well as at http://DocketsInfo.dot.gov/.
    Docket: Background documents or comments received may be read at 
http://www.regulations.gov/ at any time. Follow the online instructions 
for accessing the docket or go to Docket Operations in Room W12-140 of 
the West Building Ground Floor at 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE., 
Washington, DC, between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through Friday, 
except Federal holidays.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Nazih Khaouly, Airplane and Flight 
Crew Interface Branch, ANM-111, Transport Airplane Directorate, 
Aircraft Certification Service, 1601 Lind Avenue SW., Renton, 
Washington 98057-3356; telephone 425-227-2432; facsimile 425-227-1149.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

Future Requests for Installation of Non-Rechargeable Lithium Batteries

    The FAA anticipates that non-rechargeable lithium batteries will be 
installed in most makes and models of transport category airplanes. We 
intend to require special conditions for certification projects 
involving non-rechargeable lithium battery installations to address 
certain safety issues until we can revise the airworthiness 
requirements. Applying special conditions to these installations across 
the range of transport category airplanes will ensure regulatory 
consistency.
    Typically, the FAA issues special conditions after receiving an 
application for type certificate approval of a novel or unusual design 
feature. However, the FAA has found that the presence of non-
rechargeable lithium batteries in certification projects is not always 
immediately identifiable, since the battery itself may not be the focus 
of the project. Meanwhile, the inclusion of these batteries has become 
virtually ubiquitous on in-production transport category airplanes, 
which shows that there will be a need for these special conditions. 
Also, delaying the issuance of special conditions until after each 
design application is received could lead to costly certification 
delays. Therefore the FAA finds it necessary to issue special 
conditions applicable to these battery installations on particular 
makes and models of aircraft.
    On April 22, 2016, the FAA published special conditions no. 25-612-
SC in the Federal Register (81 FR 23573) applicable to Gulfstream 
Aerospace Corporation for the GVI airplane. Those were the first 
special conditions the FAA issued for non-rechargeable lithium battery 
installations. We explained in that document our decision to make those 
special conditions effective one year after publication in the Federal 
Register, which is April 22, 2017. In those special conditions, the FAA 
stated its intention to apply non-rechargeable lithium battery special 
conditions to design changes on other makes and models applied for 
after this same date.
    Section 1205 of the FAA Reauthorization Act of 1996 requires the 
FAA to consider the extent to which Alaska is not served by 
transportation modes other than aviation and to establish appropriate 
regulatory distinctions when modifying airworthiness regulations that 
affect intrastate aviation in Alaska. In

[[Page 21307]]

consideration of this requirement and the overall impact on safety, the 
FAA does not intend to require non-rechargeable lithium battery special 
conditions for design changes that only replace a 121.5 megahertz (MHz) 
emergency locator transmitter (ELT) with a 406 MHz ELT that meets 
Technical Standard Order C126b, or later revision, on transport 
airplanes operating only in Alaska. This will support our efforts of 
encouraging operators in Alaska to upgrade to a 406 MHz ELT. These ELTs 
provide significantly improved accuracy for lifesaving services to 
locate an accident site in Alaskan terrain. The FAA considers that the 
safety benefits from upgrading to a 406 MHz ELT for Alaskan operations 
will outweigh the battery fire risk.

Comments Invited

    The substance of these special conditions has been subjected to the 
notice and comment period in prior instances and has been derived 
without substantive change from those previously issued. It is unlikely 
that prior public comment would result in a significant change from the 
substance contained herein. Therefore, the FAA has determined that 
prior public notice and comment are unnecessary and impracticable, and 
good cause exists for adopting these special conditions upon 
publication in the Federal Register. The FAA is requesting comments to 
allow interested persons to submit views that may not have been 
submitted in response to the prior opportunities for comment described 
above.
    We invite interested people to take part in this rulemaking by 
sending written comments, data, or views. The most helpful comments 
reference a specific portion of the special conditions, explain the 
reason for any recommended change, and include supporting data.
    We will consider all comments we receive by the closing date for 
comments. We may change these special conditions based on the comments 
we receive.

Background

    Gulfstream holds type certificate no. A12EA, which provides the 
certification basis for the GV-SP airplane. The GV-SP is a twin engine, 
transport category airplane with a passenger seating capacity of 19 and 
a maximum takeoff weight of 57,500 to 64,800 pounds, depending on the 
specific design.
    The FAA is issuing these special conditions for non-rechargeable 
lithium battery installations on the GV-SP airplane. The current 
battery requirements in title 14, Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR) 
part 25 are inadequate for addressing an airplane with non-rechargeable 
lithium batteries.

Type Certification Basis

    Under the provisions of 14 CFR 21.101, Gulfstream must show that 
the GV-SP airplane meets the applicable provisions of the regulations 
listed in type certificate no. A12EA or the applicable regulations in 
effect on the date of application for the change, except for earlier 
amendments as agreed upon by the FAA. In addition, the certification 
basis includes certain special conditions, exemptions, or later amended 
sections that are not relevant to these special conditions.
    If the Administrator finds that the applicable airworthiness 
regulations (i.e., 14 CFR part 25) do not contain adequate or 
appropriate safety standards for the GV-SP airplane because of a novel 
or unusual design feature, special conditions are prescribed under the 
provisions of Sec.  21.16.
    Special conditions are initially applicable to the airplane model 
for which they are issued. Should the type certificate for that model 
be amended later to include any other model that incorporates the same 
novel or unusual design feature, or should any other model already 
included on the same type certificate be modified to incorporate the 
same novel or unusual design feature, these special conditions would 
also apply to the other model under Sec.  21.101.
    In addition to the applicable airworthiness regulations and special 
conditions, the GV-SP must comply with the fuel vent and exhaust 
emission requirements of 14 CFR part 34 and the noise certification 
requirements of 14 CFR part 36.
    The FAA issues special conditions, as defined in 14 CFR 11.19, in 
accordance with Sec.  11.38, and they become part of the type 
certification basis under Sec.  21.101.

Novel or Unusual Design Feature

    The novel or unusual design feature is the installation of non-
rechargeable lithium batteries.
    For the purpose of these special conditions, we refer to a battery 
and battery system as a battery. A battery system consists of the 
battery and any protective, monitoring, and alerting circuitry or 
hardware inside or outside of the battery. It also includes vents 
(where necessary) and packaging.

Discussion

    The FAA derived the current regulations governing installation of 
batteries in transport category airplanes from Civil Air Regulations 
(CAR) 4b.625(d) as part of the recodification of CAR 4b that 
established 14 CFR part 25 in February 1965. This recodification 
basically reworded the CAR 4b battery requirements, which are currently 
in Sec.  25.1353(b)(1) through (4). Non-rechargeable lithium batteries 
are novel and unusual with respect to the state of technology 
considered when these requirements were codified. These batteries 
introduce higher energy levels into airplane systems through new 
chemical compositions in various battery cell sizes and construction. 
Interconnection of these cells in battery packs introduces failure 
modes that require unique design considerations, such as provisions for 
thermal management.
    Recent events involving rechargeable and non-rechargeable lithium 
batteries prompted the FAA to initiate a broad evaluation of these 
energy storage technologies. In January 2013, two independent events 
involving rechargeable lithium-ion batteries revealed unanticipated 
failure modes. A National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) letter to 
the FAA, dated May 22, 2014, which is available at http://www.ntsb.gov, 
filename A-14-032-036.pdf, describes these events.
    On July 12, 2013, an event involving a non-rechargeable lithium 
battery in an emergency locator transmitter installation demonstrated 
unanticipated failure modes. The United Kingdom's Air Accidents 
Investigation Branch Bulletin S5/2013 describes this event.
    Some known uses of rechargeable and non-rechargeable lithium 
batteries on airplanes include:
     Flight deck and avionics systems such as displays, global 
positioning systems, cockpit voice recorders, flight data recorders, 
underwater locator beacons, navigation computers, integrated avionics 
computers, satellite network and communication systems, communication 
management units, and remote-monitor electronic line-replaceable units;
     Cabin safety, entertainment, and communications equipment, 
including emergency locator transmitters, life rafts, escape slides, 
seatbelt air bags, cabin management systems, Ethernet switches, routers 
and media servers, wireless systems, internet and in-flight 
entertainment systems, satellite televisions, remotes, and handsets;
     Systems in cargo areas including door controls, sensors, 
video surveillance equipment, and security systems.

[[Page 21308]]

    Some known potential hazards and failure modes associated with non-
rechargeable lithium batteries are:
     Internal failures: In general, these batteries are 
significantly more susceptible to internal failures that can result in 
self-sustaining increases in temperature and pressure (i.e., thermal 
runaway) than their nickel-cadmium or lead-acid counterparts. The 
metallic lithium can ignite, resulting in a self-sustaining fire or 
explosion.
     Fast or imbalanced discharging: Fast discharging or an 
imbalanced discharge of one cell of a multi-cell battery may create an 
overheating condition that results in an uncontrollable venting 
condition, which in turn leads to a thermal event or an explosion.
     Flammability: Unlike nickel-cadmium and lead-acid 
batteries, lithium batteries use higher energy and current in an 
electrochemical system that can be configured to maximize energy 
storage of lithium. They also use liquid electrolytes that can be 
extremely flammable. The electrolyte, as well as the electrodes, can 
serve as a source of fuel for an external fire if the battery casing is 
breached.
    Special condition no. 1 of these special conditions requires that 
each individual cell within a non-rechargeable lithium battery be 
designed to maintain safe temperatures and pressures. Special condition 
no. 2 addresses these same issues but for the entire battery. Special 
condition no. 2 requires the battery be designed to prevent propagation 
of a thermal event, such as self-sustained, uncontrollable increases in 
temperature or pressure from one cell to adjacent cells.
    Special conditions nos. 1 and 2 are intended to ensure that the 
non-rechargeable lithium battery and its cells are designed to 
eliminate the potential for uncontrollable failures. However, a certain 
number of failures will occur due to various factors beyond the control 
of the battery designer. Therefore, other special conditions are 
intended to protect the airplane and its occupants if failure occurs.
    Special conditions 3, 7, and 8 are self-explanatory.
    Special condition no. 4 makes it clear that the flammable fluid 
fire protection requirements of Sec.  25.863 apply to non-rechargeable 
lithium battery installations. Section 25.863 is applicable to areas of 
the airplane that could be exposed to flammable fluid leakage from 
airplane systems. Non-rechargeable lithium batteries contain an 
electrolyte that is a flammable fluid.
    Special condition no. 5 requires that each non-rechargeable lithium 
battery installation not damage surrounding structure or adjacent 
systems, equipment, or electrical wiring from corrosive fluids or gases 
that may escape in such a way as to cause a major or more severe 
failure condition.
    While special condition no. 5 addresses corrosive fluids and gases, 
special condition no. 6 addresses heat. Special condition no. 6 
requires that each non-rechargeable lithium battery installation have 
provisions to prevent any hazardous effect on airplane structure or 
systems caused by the maximum amount of heat the battery installation 
can generate due to any failure of it or its individual cells. The 
means of meeting special conditions nos. 5 and 6 may be the same, but 
the requirements are independent and address different hazards.
    These special conditions apply to all non-rechargeable lithium 
battery installations in lieu of Sec.  25.1353(b)(1) through (4) at 
Amendment 25-123 or Sec.  25.1353(c)(1) through (4) at earlier 
amendments. Those regulations remain in effect for other battery 
installations.
    These special conditions contain the additional safety standards 
that the Administrator considers necessary to establish a level of 
safety equivalent to that established by the existing airworthiness 
standards.

Applicability

    These special conditions are applicable to the GV-SP airplane. 
Should Gulfstream apply at a later date for a change to the type 
certificate to include another model incorporating the same novel or 
unusual design feature, these special conditions would apply to that 
model as well.
    These special conditions are only applicable to design changes 
applied for after the effective date.
    These special conditions are not applicable to changes to 
previously certified non-rechargeable lithium battery installations 
where the only change is either cosmetic or to relocate the 
installation to improve the safety of the airplane and occupants. 
Previously certified non-rechargeable lithium battery installations, as 
used in this paragraph, are those installations approved for 
certification projects applied for on or before the effective date of 
these special conditions. A cosmetic change is a change in appearance 
only, and does not change any function or safety characteristic of the 
battery installation. These special conditions are also not applicable 
to unchanged, previously certified non-rechargeable lithium battery 
installations that are affected by a change in a manner that improves 
the safety of its installation. The FAA determined that these 
exclusions are in the public interest because the need to meet all of 
the special conditions might otherwise deter these design changes that 
improve safety.

Conclusion

    This action affects only a certain novel or unusual design feature 
on one model of airplane. It is not a rule of general applicability.
    The substance of these special conditions has been subjected to the 
notice and comment period in prior instances and has been derived 
without substantive change from those previously issued. It is unlikely 
that prior public comment would result in a significant change from the 
substance contained herein. Therefore, the FAA has determined that 
prior public notice and comment are unnecessary and impracticable, and 
good cause exists for adopting these special conditions upon 
publication in the Federal Register. The FAA is requesting comments to 
allow interested persons to submit views that may not have been 
submitted in response to the prior opportunities for comment described 
above.

List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 25

    Aircraft, Aviation safety, Reporting and recordkeeping 
requirements.


0
The authority citation for these special conditions is as follows:

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701, 44702, 44704.

The Special Conditions

0
Accordingly, pursuant to the authority delegated to me by the 
Administrator, the following special conditions are issued as part of 
the type certification basis for the Gulfstream Model GV-SP airplane.

Non-Rechargeable Lithium Battery Installations

    In lieu of Sec.  25.1353(b)(1) through (4) at Amendment 25-123 or 
Sec.  25.1353(c)(1) through (4) at earlier amendments, each non-
rechargeable lithium battery installation must:
    1. Be designed to maintain safe cell temperatures and pressures 
under all foreseeable operating conditions to prevent fire and 
explosion.
    2. Be designed to prevent the occurrence of self-sustaining, 
uncontrollable increases in temperature or pressure.
    3. Not emit explosive or toxic gases, either in normal operation or 
as a result of its failure, that may accumulate in hazardous quantities 
within the airplane.

[[Page 21309]]

    4. Meet the requirements of Sec.  25.863.
    5. Not damage surrounding structure or adjacent systems, equipment, 
or electrical wiring from corrosive fluids or gases that may escape in 
such a way as to cause a major or more severe failure condition.
    6. Have provisions to prevent any hazardous effect on airplane 
structure or systems caused by the maximum amount of heat it can 
generate due to any failure of it or its individual cells.
    7. Have a failure sensing and warning system to alert the 
flightcrew if its failure affects safe operation of the airplane.
    8. Have a means for the flightcrew or maintenance personnel to 
determine the battery charge state if the battery's function is 
required for safe operation of the airplane.

    Note: A battery system consists of the battery and any 
protective, monitoring, and alerting circuitry or hardware inside or 
outside of the battery. It also includes vents (where necessary) and 
packaging. For the purpose of these special conditions, a 
``battery'' and ``battery system'' are referred to as a battery.


    Issued in Renton, Washington, on April 24, 2017.
Michael Kaszycki,
Assistant Manager, Transport Airplane Directorate, Aircraft 
Certification Service.
[FR Doc. 2017-09202 Filed 5-5-17; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910-13-P



                                                  21306                Federal Register / Vol. 82, No. 87 / Monday, May 8, 2017 / Rules and Regulations

                                                  of its failure, that may accumulate in                  airplanes. The applicable airworthiness               telephone 425–227–2432; facsimile
                                                  hazardous quantities within the                         regulations do not contain adequate or                425–227–1149.
                                                  airplane.                                               appropriate safety standards for this                 SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
                                                     4. Meet the requirements of § 25.863.                design feature. These special conditions
                                                     5. Not damage surrounding structure                  contain the additional safety standards               Future Requests for Installation of Non-
                                                  or adjacent systems, equipment, or                      that the Administrator considers                      Rechargeable Lithium Batteries
                                                  electrical wiring from corrosive fluids or              necessary to establish a level of safety                 The FAA anticipates that non-
                                                  gases that may escape in such a way as                  equivalent to that established by the                 rechargeable lithium batteries will be
                                                  to cause a major or more severe failure                 existing airworthiness standards.                     installed in most makes and models of
                                                  condition.                                              DATES: This action is effective on                    transport category airplanes. We intend
                                                     6. Have provisions to prevent any                    Gulfstream Aerospace Corporation on                   to require special conditions for
                                                  hazardous effect on airplane structure or               May 8, 2017. We must receive your                     certification projects involving non-
                                                  systems caused by the maximum                           comments by June 22, 2017.                            rechargeable lithium battery
                                                  amount of heat it can generate due to                                                                         installations to address certain safety
                                                                                                          ADDRESSES: Send comments identified
                                                  any failure of it or its individual cells.                                                                    issues until we can revise the
                                                     7. Have a failure sensing and warning                by docket number FAA–2017–0367
                                                                                                                                                                airworthiness requirements. Applying
                                                  system to alert the flightcrew if its                   using any of the following methods:
                                                                                                                                                                special conditions to these installations
                                                  failure affects safe operation of the                     • Federal eRegulations Portal: Go to
                                                                                                                                                                across the range of transport category
                                                  airplane.                                               http://www.regulations.gov/ and follow
                                                                                                                                                                airplanes will ensure regulatory
                                                     8. Have a means for the flightcrew or                the online instructions for sending your
                                                                                                                                                                consistency.
                                                  maintenance personnel to determine the                  comments electronically.                                 Typically, the FAA issues special
                                                  battery charge state if the battery’s                     • Mail: Send comments to Docket
                                                                                                                                                                conditions after receiving an application
                                                  function is required for safe operation of              Operations, M–30, U.S. Department of
                                                                                                                                                                for type certificate approval of a novel
                                                  the airplane.                                           Transportation (DOT), 1200 New Jersey
                                                                                                                                                                or unusual design feature. However, the
                                                                                                          Avenue SE., Room W12–140, West                        FAA has found that the presence of non-
                                                     Note: A battery system consists of the               Building Ground Floor, Washington,
                                                  battery and any protective, monitoring, and                                                                   rechargeable lithium batteries in
                                                                                                          DC, 20590–0001.                                       certification projects is not always
                                                  alerting circuitry or hardware inside or
                                                                                                            • Hand Delivery or Courier: Take
                                                  outside of the battery. It also includes vents                                                                immediately identifiable, since the
                                                  (where necessary) and packaging. For the                comments to Docket Operations in                      battery itself may not be the focus of the
                                                  purpose of these special conditions, a                  Room W12–140 of the West Building                     project. Meanwhile, the inclusion of
                                                  ‘‘battery’’ and ‘‘battery system’’ are referred to      Ground Floor at 1200 New Jersey                       these batteries has become virtually
                                                  as a battery.                                           Avenue SE., Washington, DC, between 9                 ubiquitous on in-production transport
                                                                                                          a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through                       category airplanes, which shows that
                                                    Issued in Renton, Washington, on April 24,            Friday, except Federal holidays.                      there will be a need for these special
                                                  2017.                                                     • Fax: Fax comments to Docket                       conditions. Also, delaying the issuance
                                                  Michael Kaszycki,                                       Operations at 202–493–2251.                           of special conditions until after each
                                                  Assistant Manager, Transport Airplane                      Privacy: The FAA will post all                     design application is received could
                                                  Directorate, Aircraft Certification Service.            comments it receives, without change,                 lead to costly certification delays.
                                                  [FR Doc. 2017–09201 Filed 5–5–17; 8:45 am]              to http://www.regulations.gov/,                       Therefore the FAA finds it necessary to
                                                  BILLING CODE 4910–13–P                                  including any personal information the                issue special conditions applicable to
                                                                                                          commenter provides. Using the search                  these battery installations on particular
                                                                                                          function of the docket Web site, anyone               makes and models of aircraft.
                                                  DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION                            can find and read the electronic form of                 On April 22, 2016, the FAA published
                                                                                                          all comments received into any FAA                    special conditions no. 25–612–SC in the
                                                  Federal Aviation Administration                         docket, including the name of the                     Federal Register (81 FR 23573)
                                                                                                          individual sending the comment (or                    applicable to Gulfstream Aerospace
                                                  14 CFR Part 25                                          signing the comment for an association,               Corporation for the GVI airplane. Those
                                                  [Docket No. FAA–2017–0367; Special                      business, labor union, etc.). DOT’s                   were the first special conditions the
                                                  Conditions No. 25–665–SC]                               complete Privacy Act Statement can                    FAA issued for non-rechargeable
                                                                                                          be found in the Federal Register                      lithium battery installations. We
                                                  Special Conditions: Gulfstream                          published on April 11, 2000 (65 FR                    explained in that document our
                                                  Aerospace Corporation, Model GV–SP                      19477–19478), as well as at http://                   decision to make those special
                                                  Airplane; Non-Rechargeable Lithium                      DocketsInfo.dot.gov/.                                 conditions effective one year after
                                                  Battery Installations                                      Docket: Background documents or                    publication in the Federal Register,
                                                  AGENCY:  Federal Aviation                               comments received may be read at                      which is April 22, 2017. In those special
                                                  Administration (FAA), DOT.                              http://www.regulations.gov/ at any time.              conditions, the FAA stated its intention
                                                                                                          Follow the online instructions for                    to apply non-rechargeable lithium
                                                  ACTION: Final special conditions; request
                                                                                                          accessing the docket or go to Docket                  battery special conditions to design
                                                  for comment.
                                                                                                          Operations in Room W12–140 of the                     changes on other makes and models
                                                  SUMMARY:   These special conditions are                 West Building Ground Floor at 1200                    applied for after this same date.
                                                  issued for non-rechargeable lithium                     New Jersey Avenue SE., Washington,                       Section 1205 of the FAA
asabaliauskas on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with RULES




                                                  battery installations on the Gulfstream                 DC, between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday                 Reauthorization Act of 1996 requires the
                                                  Aerospace Corporation (Gulfstream)                      through Friday, except Federal holidays.              FAA to consider the extent to which
                                                  Model GV–SP airplane. Non-                              FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:                      Alaska is not served by transportation
                                                  rechargeable lithium batteries are a                    Nazih Khaouly, Airplane and Flight                    modes other than aviation and to
                                                  novel or unusual design feature when                    Crew Interface Branch, ANM–111,                       establish appropriate regulatory
                                                  compared to the state of technology                     Transport Airplane Directorate, Aircraft              distinctions when modifying
                                                  envisioned in the airworthiness                         Certification Service, 1601 Lind Avenue               airworthiness regulations that affect
                                                  standards for transport category                        SW., Renton, Washington 98057–3356;                   intrastate aviation in Alaska. In


                                             VerDate Sep<11>2014   17:30 May 05, 2017   Jkt 241001   PO 00000   Frm 00004   Fmt 4700   Sfmt 4700   E:\FR\FM\08MYR1.SGM   08MYR1


                                                                       Federal Register / Vol. 82, No. 87 / Monday, May 8, 2017 / Rules and Regulations                                           21307

                                                  consideration of this requirement and                   requirements in title 14, Code of Federal             batteries in transport category airplanes
                                                  the overall impact on safety, the FAA                   Regulations (14 CFR) part 25 are                      from Civil Air Regulations (CAR)
                                                  does not intend to require non-                         inadequate for addressing an airplane                 4b.625(d) as part of the recodification of
                                                  rechargeable lithium battery special                    with non-rechargeable lithium batteries.              CAR 4b that established 14 CFR part 25
                                                  conditions for design changes that only                                                                       in February 1965. This recodification
                                                                                                          Type Certification Basis
                                                  replace a 121.5 megahertz (MHz)                                                                               basically reworded the CAR 4b battery
                                                  emergency locator transmitter (ELT)                        Under the provisions of 14 CFR                     requirements, which are currently in
                                                  with a 406 MHz ELT that meets                           21.101, Gulfstream must show that the                 § 25.1353(b)(1) through (4). Non-
                                                  Technical Standard Order C126b, or                      GV–SP airplane meets the applicable                   rechargeable lithium batteries are novel
                                                  later revision, on transport airplanes                  provisions of the regulations listed in               and unusual with respect to the state of
                                                  operating only in Alaska. This will                     type certificate no. A12EA or the                     technology considered when these
                                                  support our efforts of encouraging                      applicable regulations in effect on the               requirements were codified. These
                                                  operators in Alaska to upgrade to a 406                 date of application for the change,                   batteries introduce higher energy levels
                                                  MHz ELT. These ELTs provide                             except for earlier amendments as agreed               into airplane systems through new
                                                  significantly improved accuracy for                     upon by the FAA. In addition, the                     chemical compositions in various
                                                  lifesaving services to locate an accident               certification basis includes certain                  battery cell sizes and construction.
                                                  site in Alaskan terrain. The FAA                        special conditions, exemptions, or later              Interconnection of these cells in battery
                                                  considers that the safety benefits from                 amended sections that are not relevant                packs introduces failure modes that
                                                  upgrading to a 406 MHz ELT for                          to these special conditions.                          require unique design considerations,
                                                  Alaskan operations will outweigh the                       If the Administrator finds that the                such as provisions for thermal
                                                  battery fire risk.                                      applicable airworthiness regulations                  management.
                                                                                                          (i.e., 14 CFR part 25) do not contain                    Recent events involving rechargeable
                                                  Comments Invited                                        adequate or appropriate safety standards              and non-rechargeable lithium batteries
                                                    The substance of these special                        for the GV–SP airplane because of a                   prompted the FAA to initiate a broad
                                                  conditions has been subjected to the                    novel or unusual design feature, special              evaluation of these energy storage
                                                  notice and comment period in prior                      conditions are prescribed under the                   technologies. In January 2013, two
                                                  instances and has been derived without                  provisions of § 21.16.                                independent events involving
                                                  substantive change from those                              Special conditions are initially
                                                                                                                                                                rechargeable lithium-ion batteries
                                                  previously issued. It is unlikely that                  applicable to the airplane model for
                                                                                                                                                                revealed unanticipated failure modes. A
                                                  prior public comment would result in a                  which they are issued. Should the type
                                                                                                                                                                National Transportation Safety Board
                                                  significant change from the substance                   certificate for that model be amended
                                                                                                                                                                (NTSB) letter to the FAA, dated May 22,
                                                  contained herein. Therefore, the FAA                    later to include any other model that
                                                                                                                                                                2014, which is available at http://
                                                  has determined that prior public notice                 incorporates the same novel or unusual
                                                                                                                                                                www.ntsb.gov, filename A–14–032–
                                                  and comment are unnecessary and                         design feature, or should any other
                                                                                                                                                                036.pdf, describes these events.
                                                  impracticable, and good cause exists for                model already included on the same
                                                  adopting these special conditions upon                  type certificate be modified to                          On July 12, 2013, an event involving
                                                  publication in the Federal Register. The                incorporate the same novel or unusual                 a non-rechargeable lithium battery in an
                                                  FAA is requesting comments to allow                     design feature, these special conditions              emergency locator transmitter
                                                  interested persons to submit views that                 would also apply to the other model                   installation demonstrated unanticipated
                                                  may not have been submitted in                          under § 21.101.                                       failure modes. The United Kingdom’s
                                                  response to the prior opportunities for                    In addition to the applicable                      Air Accidents Investigation Branch
                                                  comment described above.                                airworthiness regulations and special                 Bulletin S5/2013 describes this event.
                                                    We invite interested people to take                   conditions, the GV–SP must comply                        Some known uses of rechargeable and
                                                  part in this rulemaking by sending                      with the fuel vent and exhaust emission               non-rechargeable lithium batteries on
                                                  written comments, data, or views. The                   requirements of 14 CFR part 34 and the                airplanes include:
                                                  most helpful comments reference a                       noise certification requirements of 14                   • Flight deck and avionics systems
                                                  specific portion of the special                         CFR part 36.                                          such as displays, global positioning
                                                  conditions, explain the reason for any                     The FAA issues special conditions, as              systems, cockpit voice recorders, flight
                                                  recommended change, and include                         defined in 14 CFR 11.19, in accordance                data recorders, underwater locator
                                                  supporting data.                                        with § 11.38, and they become part of                 beacons, navigation computers,
                                                    We will consider all comments we                      the type certification basis under                    integrated avionics computers, satellite
                                                  receive by the closing date for                         § 21.101.                                             network and communication systems,
                                                  comments. We may change these special                                                                         communication management units, and
                                                  conditions based on the comments we                     Novel or Unusual Design Feature
                                                                                                                                                                remote-monitor electronic line-
                                                  receive.                                                   The novel or unusual design feature is             replaceable units;
                                                                                                          the installation of non-rechargeable
                                                  Background
                                                                                                          lithium batteries.                                       • Cabin safety, entertainment, and
                                                    Gulfstream holds type certificate no.                    For the purpose of these special                   communications equipment, including
                                                  A12EA, which provides the certification                 conditions, we refer to a battery and                 emergency locator transmitters, life
                                                  basis for the GV–SP airplane. The GV–                   battery system as a battery. A battery                rafts, escape slides, seatbelt air bags,
                                                  SP is a twin engine, transport category                 system consists of the battery and any                cabin management systems, Ethernet
asabaliauskas on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with RULES




                                                  airplane with a passenger seating                       protective, monitoring, and alerting                  switches, routers and media servers,
                                                  capacity of 19 and a maximum takeoff                    circuitry or hardware inside or outside               wireless systems, internet and in-flight
                                                  weight of 57,500 to 64,800 pounds,                      of the battery. It also includes vents                entertainment systems, satellite
                                                  depending on the specific design.                       (where necessary) and packaging.                      televisions, remotes, and handsets;
                                                    The FAA is issuing these special                                                                               • Systems in cargo areas including
                                                  conditions for non-rechargeable lithium                 Discussion                                            door controls, sensors, video
                                                  battery installations on the GV–SP                        The FAA derived the current                         surveillance equipment, and security
                                                  airplane. The current battery                           regulations governing installation of                 systems.


                                             VerDate Sep<11>2014   14:41 May 05, 2017   Jkt 241001   PO 00000   Frm 00005   Fmt 4700   Sfmt 4700   E:\FR\FM\08MYR1.SGM   08MYR1


                                                  21308                Federal Register / Vol. 82, No. 87 / Monday, May 8, 2017 / Rules and Regulations

                                                     Some known potential hazards and                     installation not damage surrounding                   safety of its installation. The FAA
                                                  failure modes associated with non-                      structure or adjacent systems,                        determined that these exclusions are in
                                                  rechargeable lithium batteries are:                     equipment, or electrical wiring from                  the public interest because the need to
                                                     • Internal failures: In general, these               corrosive fluids or gases that may escape             meet all of the special conditions might
                                                  batteries are significantly more                        in such a way as to cause a major or                  otherwise deter these design changes
                                                  susceptible to internal failures that can               more severe failure condition.                        that improve safety.
                                                  result in self-sustaining increases in                     While special condition no. 5
                                                  temperature and pressure (i.e., thermal                 addresses corrosive fluids and gases,                 Conclusion
                                                  runaway) than their nickel-cadmium or                   special condition no. 6 addresses heat.                 This action affects only a certain
                                                  lead-acid counterparts. The metallic                    Special condition no. 6 requires that                 novel or unusual design feature on one
                                                  lithium can ignite, resulting in a self-                each non-rechargeable lithium battery                 model of airplane. It is not a rule of
                                                  sustaining fire or explosion.                           installation have provisions to prevent               general applicability.
                                                     • Fast or imbalanced discharging:                    any hazardous effect on airplane                        The substance of these special
                                                  Fast discharging or an imbalanced                       structure or systems caused by the                    conditions has been subjected to the
                                                  discharge of one cell of a multi-cell                   maximum amount of heat the battery                    notice and comment period in prior
                                                  battery may create an overheating                       installation can generate due to any                  instances and has been derived without
                                                  condition that results in an                            failure of it or its individual cells. The            substantive change from those
                                                  uncontrollable venting condition, which                 means of meeting special conditions                   previously issued. It is unlikely that
                                                  in turn leads to a thermal event or an                  nos. 5 and 6 may be the same, but the                 prior public comment would result in a
                                                  explosion.                                              requirements are independent and                      significant change from the substance
                                                     • Flammability: Unlike nickel-                       address different hazards.                            contained herein. Therefore, the FAA
                                                  cadmium and lead-acid batteries,                           These special conditions apply to all              has determined that prior public notice
                                                  lithium batteries use higher energy and                 non-rechargeable lithium battery                      and comment are unnecessary and
                                                  current in an electrochemical system                    installations in lieu of § 25.1353(b)(1)              impracticable, and good cause exists for
                                                  that can be configured to maximize                      through (4) at Amendment 25–123 or                    adopting these special conditions upon
                                                  energy storage of lithium. They also use                § 25.1353(c)(1) through (4) at earlier                publication in the Federal Register. The
                                                  liquid electrolytes that can be extremely               amendments. Those regulations remain                  FAA is requesting comments to allow
                                                  flammable. The electrolyte, as well as                  in effect for other battery installations.            interested persons to submit views that
                                                  the electrodes, can serve as a source of                   These special conditions contain the               may not have been submitted in
                                                  fuel for an external fire if the battery                additional safety standards that the                  response to the prior opportunities for
                                                  casing is breached.                                     Administrator considers necessary to                  comment described above.
                                                     Special condition no. 1 of these                     establish a level of safety equivalent to
                                                  special conditions requires that each                   that established by the existing                      List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 25
                                                  individual cell within a non-                           airworthiness standards.                                Aircraft, Aviation safety, Reporting
                                                  rechargeable lithium battery be designed                                                                      and recordkeeping requirements.
                                                                                                          Applicability
                                                  to maintain safe temperatures and
                                                  pressures. Special condition no. 2                         These special conditions are                       ■ The authority citation for these
                                                  addresses these same issues but for the                 applicable to the GV–SP airplane.                     special conditions is as follows:
                                                  entire battery. Special condition no. 2                 Should Gulfstream apply at a later date                 Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701,
                                                  requires the battery be designed to                     for a change to the type certificate to               44702, 44704.
                                                  prevent propagation of a thermal event,                 include another model incorporating the
                                                                                                                                                                The Special Conditions
                                                  such as self-sustained, uncontrollable                  same novel or unusual design feature,
                                                  increases in temperature or pressure                    these special conditions would apply to               ■ Accordingly, pursuant to the authority
                                                  from one cell to adjacent cells.                        that model as well.                                   delegated to me by the Administrator,
                                                     Special conditions nos. 1 and 2 are                     These special conditions are only                  the following special conditions are
                                                  intended to ensure that the non-                        applicable to design changes applied for              issued as part of the type certification
                                                  rechargeable lithium battery and its                    after the effective date.                             basis for the Gulfstream Model GV–SP
                                                  cells are designed to eliminate the                        These special conditions are not                   airplane.
                                                  potential for uncontrollable failures.                  applicable to changes to previously
                                                                                                          certified non-rechargeable lithium                    Non-Rechargeable Lithium Battery
                                                  However, a certain number of failures                                                                         Installations
                                                  will occur due to various factors beyond                battery installations where the only
                                                  the control of the battery designer.                    change is either cosmetic or to relocate                 In lieu of § 25.1353(b)(1) through (4)
                                                  Therefore, other special conditions are                 the installation to improve the safety of             at Amendment 25–123 or § 25.1353(c)(1)
                                                  intended to protect the airplane and its                the airplane and occupants. Previously                through (4) at earlier amendments, each
                                                  occupants if failure occurs.                            certified non-rechargeable lithium                    non-rechargeable lithium battery
                                                     Special conditions 3, 7, and 8 are self-             battery installations, as used in this                installation must:
                                                  explanatory.                                            paragraph, are those installations                       1. Be designed to maintain safe cell
                                                     Special condition no. 4 makes it clear               approved for certification projects                   temperatures and pressures under all
                                                  that the flammable fluid fire protection                applied for on or before the effective                foreseeable operating conditions to
                                                  requirements of § 25.863 apply to non-                  date of these special conditions. A                   prevent fire and explosion.
                                                  rechargeable lithium battery                            cosmetic change is a change in                           2. Be designed to prevent the
asabaliauskas on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with RULES




                                                  installations. Section 25.863 is                        appearance only, and does not change                  occurrence of self-sustaining,
                                                  applicable to areas of the airplane that                any function or safety characteristic of              uncontrollable increases in temperature
                                                  could be exposed to flammable fluid                     the battery installation. These special               or pressure.
                                                  leakage from airplane systems. Non-                     conditions are also not applicable to                    3. Not emit explosive or toxic gases,
                                                  rechargeable lithium batteries contain                  unchanged, previously certified non-                  either in normal operation or as a result
                                                  an electrolyte that is a flammable fluid.               rechargeable lithium battery                          of its failure, that may accumulate in
                                                     Special condition no. 5 requires that                installations that are affected by a                  hazardous quantities within the
                                                  each non-rechargeable lithium battery                   change in a manner that improves the                  airplane.


                                             VerDate Sep<11>2014   14:41 May 05, 2017   Jkt 241001   PO 00000   Frm 00006   Fmt 4700   Sfmt 4700   E:\FR\FM\08MYR1.SGM   08MYR1


                                                                       Federal Register / Vol. 82, No. 87 / Monday, May 8, 2017 / Rules and Regulations                                                 21309

                                                     4. Meet the requirements of § 25.863.                ADDRESSES:    The docket for this                     temporary deviation. This deviation
                                                     5. Not damage surrounding structure                  deviation, USCG–2017–0360 is available                from the operating regulations is
                                                  or adjacent systems, equipment, or                      at http://www.regulations.gov. Type the               authorized under 33 CFR 117.35.
                                                  electrical wiring from corrosive fluids or              docket number in the ‘‘SEARCH’’ box                     Dated: May 3, 2017.
                                                  gases that may escape in such a way as                  and click ‘‘SEARCH’’. Click on Open                   C.J. Bisignano,
                                                  to cause a major or more severe failure                 Docket Folder on the line associated
                                                                                                                                                                Supervisory Bridge Management Specialist,
                                                  condition.                                              with this deviation.                                  First Coast Guard District.
                                                     6. Have provisions to prevent any                    FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: If                   [FR Doc. 2017–09212 Filed 5–5–17; 8:45 am]
                                                  hazardous effect on airplane structure or               you have questions on this temporary                  BILLING CODE 9110–04–P
                                                  systems caused by the maximum                           deviation, call or email James M. Moore,
                                                  amount of heat it can generate due to                   Bridge Management Specialist, First
                                                  any failure of it or its individual cells.              District Bridge Branch, U.S. Coast
                                                     7. Have a failure sensing and warning                                                                      ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
                                                                                                          Guard; telephone 212–514–4334, email
                                                  system to alert the flightcrew if its                                                                         AGENCY
                                                                                                          james.m.moore2@uscg.mil.
                                                  failure affects safe operation of the                   SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The City
                                                  airplane.                                                                                                     40 CFR Part 52
                                                                                                          of New Haven, the owner of the bridge,
                                                     8. Have a means for the flightcrew or                requested a temporary deviation from                  [EPA–R03–OAR–2016–0562; FRL–9961–17–
                                                  maintenance personnel to determine the                  the normal operating schedule to
                                                                                                                                                                Region 3]
                                                  battery charge state if the battery’s                   facilitate rehabilitation of the bridge.
                                                  function is required for safe operation of                                                                    Approval and Promulgation of Air
                                                                                                          The Chapel Street Bridge, across the                  Quality Implementation Plans;
                                                  the airplane.                                           Mill River, mile 0.4 at New Haven,                    Maryland; 2016 Nitrogen Oxides
                                                     Note: A battery system consists of the               Connecticut offers mariners a vertical                Averaging Plan Consent Agreement
                                                  battery and any protective, monitoring, and             clearance of 7.9 feet at mean high water
                                                  alerting circuitry or hardware inside or                                                                      With Raven Power
                                                                                                          and 14 feet at mean low water in the
                                                  outside of the battery. It also includes vents                                                                AGENCY:  Environmental Protection
                                                                                                          closed position. The existing
                                                  (where necessary) and packaging. For the                                                                      Agency (EPA).
                                                  purpose of these special conditions, a                  drawbridge operating regulations are
                                                  ‘‘battery’’ and ‘‘battery system’’ are referred to      listed at 33 CFR 117.213(d).                          ACTION: Final rule.
                                                  as a battery.                                              Under this temporary deviation, the
                                                                                                          Chapel Street Bridge will open for the                SUMMARY:    The Environmental Protection
                                                    Issued in Renton, Washington, on April 24,            passage of vessels requiring an opening               Agency (EPA) is approving a state
                                                  2017.                                                   provided 2 hours of advance notice is                 implementation plan (SIP) revision
                                                  Michael Kaszycki,                                       furnished to the owner of the bridge;                 submitted by the State of Maryland. The
                                                  Assistant Manager, Transport Airplane                   except that, from 7:30 a.m. to 8:30 a.m.              revision pertains to a Consent
                                                  Directorate, Aircraft Certification Service.            and 4:45 p.m. to 5:45 p.m., Monday                    Agreement between Maryland and
                                                  [FR Doc. 2017–09202 Filed 5–5–17; 8:45 am]              through Friday, except Federal holidays,              Raven Power concerning an inter-
                                                                                                          the draw need not open for the passage                facility averaging plan for emissions of
                                                  BILLING CODE 4910–13–P
                                                                                                          of vessel traffic. The bridge will remain             nitrogen oxides (NOX) at facilities
                                                                                                          closed to all vessels from 12:01 a.m.                 located in Maryland and owned by
                                                                                                          May 11, 2017 to 11:59 p.m. May 14,                    Raven Power. The Consent Agreement
                                                  DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND                                                                                        allows Raven Power to use system-wide
                                                  SECURITY                                                2017.
                                                                                                             The bridge routinely opens for                     emissions averaging to comply with the
                                                  Coast Guard                                             commercial vessels. Nevertheless,                     applicable NOX emission limits for six
                                                                                                          outreach with mariners has indicated                  units located at two electric generating
                                                  33 CFR Part 117                                         the requirement for 2 hours of advance                facilities, Brandon Shores and H.A.
                                                                                                          notice will not impede routine                        Wagner, owned by Raven Power. EPA is
                                                  [Docket No. USCG–2017–0360]                                                                                   approving this revision in accordance
                                                                                                          waterway operations. Mariners also
                                                                                                          offered no objection to a four day                    with the requirements of the Clean Air
                                                  Drawbridge Operation Regulation; Mill                                                                         Act (CAA).
                                                  River, New Haven, CT                                    closure of the draw in order to complete
                                                                                                          the necessary repair work to the bridge.              DATES: This final rule is effective on
                                                  AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS.                                  Vessels that can pass under the bridge             June 7, 2017.
                                                  ACTION:Notice of deviation from                         without an opening may do so at all                   ADDRESSES: EPA has established a
                                                  drawbridge regulation.                                  times except during the full channel                  docket for this action under Docket ID
                                                                                                          closure between May 11, 2017 and May                  Number EPA–R03–OAR–2016–0562. All
                                                  SUMMARY:  The Coast Guard has issued a                  14, 2017. The bridge will be able to                  documents in the docket are listed on
                                                  temporary deviation from the operating                  open for emergencies. There is no                     the http://www.regulations.gov Web
                                                  schedule that governs the Chapel Street                 alternate route for vessels to pass.                  site. Although listed in the index, some
                                                  Bridge across the Mill River, mile 0.4 at                  The Coast Guard will also inform the               information is not publicly available,
                                                  New Haven, Connecticut. This deviation                  users of the waterways through our                    e.g., confidential business information
                                                  is necessary to complete mortar and                     Local and Broadcast Notices to Mariners               (CBI) or other information whose
                                                  fender repairs as well as structural steel              of the change in operating schedule for               disclosure is restricted by statute.
asabaliauskas on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with RULES




                                                  work. This deviation allows the bridge                  the bridge so that vessel operators can               Certain other material, such as
                                                  to open for the passage of vessels upon                 arrange their transits to minimize any                copyrighted material, is not placed on
                                                  2 hours of advance notice as well as a                  impact caused by the temporary                        the Internet and will be publicly
                                                  four day closure of the draw to all vessel              deviation.                                            available only in hard copy form.
                                                  traffic.                                                   In accordance with 33 CFR 117.35(e),               Publicly available docket materials are
                                                  DATES: This deviation is effective from                 the drawbridge must return to its regular             available through http://
                                                  12:01 a.m. on May 8, 2017, through                      operating schedule immediately at the                 www.regulations.gov, or please contact
                                                  11:59 p.m. on May 30, 2017.                             end of the effective period of this                   the person identified in the FOR FURTHER


                                             VerDate Sep<11>2014   14:41 May 05, 2017   Jkt 241001   PO 00000   Frm 00007   Fmt 4700   Sfmt 4700   E:\FR\FM\08MYR1.SGM   08MYR1



Document Created: 2017-05-06 02:22:07
Document Modified: 2017-05-06 02:22:07
CategoryRegulatory Information
CollectionFederal Register
sudoc ClassAE 2.7:
GS 4.107:
AE 2.106:
PublisherOffice of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Administration
SectionRules and Regulations
ActionFinal special conditions; request for comment.
DatesThis action is effective on Gulfstream Aerospace Corporation on May 8, 2017. We must receive your comments by June 22, 2017.
ContactNazih Khaouly, Airplane and Flight Crew Interface Branch, ANM-111, Transport Airplane Directorate, Aircraft Certification Service, 1601 Lind Avenue SW., Renton, Washington 98057-3356; telephone 425-227-2432; facsimile 425-227-1149.
FR Citation82 FR 21306 
CFR AssociatedAircraft; Aviation Safety and Reporting and Recordkeeping Requirements

2025 Federal Register | Disclaimer | Privacy Policy
USC | CFR | eCFR