82 FR 23492 - Special Conditions: Garmin International, Learjet, Inc., Model 35 and 36 Airplanes; Isolation of Airplane Electronic-System Security Protection From Unauthorized Internal Access

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Federal Aviation Administration

Federal Register Volume 82, Issue 98 (May 23, 2017)

Page Range		23492-23494
FR Document		2017-10479

These special conditions are issued for Garmin International (Garmin) for modifications to Learjet, Inc., (Learjet) Model 35 and 36 airplanes. These airplanes, as modified by Garmin, will have a novel or unusual design feature when compared to the state of technology envisioned in the airworthiness standards for transport-category airplanes. This design feature incorporates the Garmin Flight Stream 210 and GTN 6XX/7XX Navigator system into the airplanes. The applicable airworthiness regulations do not contain adequate or appropriate safety standards for this design feature. These special conditions contain the additional safety standards that the Administrator considers necessary to establish a level of safety equivalent to that established by the existing airworthiness standards.

Federal Register, Volume 82 Issue 98 (Tuesday, May 23, 2017)

[Federal Register Volume 82, Number 98 (Tuesday, May 23, 2017)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 23492-23494]
From the Federal Register Online [www.thefederalregister.org]
[FR Doc No: 2017-10479]

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DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

Federal Aviation Administration

14 CFR Part 25

[Docket No. FAA-2017-0023; Special Conditions No. 25-677-SC]

Special Conditions: Garmin International, Learjet, Inc., Model 35
and 36 Airplanes; Isolation of Airplane Electronic-System Security
Protection From Unauthorized Internal Access

AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT.

ACTION: Final special conditions; request for comments.

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SUMMARY: These special conditions are issued for Garmin International
(Garmin) for modifications to Learjet, Inc., (Learjet) Model 35 and 36
airplanes. These airplanes, as modified by Garmin, will have a novel or
unusual design feature when compared to the state of technology
envisioned in the airworthiness standards for transport-category
airplanes. This design feature incorporates the Garmin Flight Stream
210 and GTN 6XX/7XX Navigator system into the airplanes. The applicable
airworthiness regulations do not contain adequate or appropriate safety
standards for this design feature. These special conditions contain the
additional safety standards that the Administrator considers necessary
to establish a level of safety equivalent to that established by the
existing airworthiness standards.

DATES: This action is effective on Garmin on May 23, 2017. We must
receive your comments by July 7, 2017.

ADDRESSES: Send comments identified by docket number FAA-2017-0023
using any of the following methods:
Federal eRegulations Portal: Go to http://www.regulations.gov/and follow the online instructions for sending your
comments electronically.
Mail: Send comments to Docket Operations, M-30, U.S.
Department of Transportation (DOT), 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE., Room
W12-140, West Building Ground Floor, Washington, DC, 20590-0001.
Hand Delivery or Courier: Take comments to Docket
Operations in Room W12-140 of the West Building Ground Floor at 1200
New Jersey Avenue SE., Washington, DC, between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m.,
Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays.
Fax: Fax comments to Docket Operations at 202-493-2251.
Privacy: The FAA will post all comments it receives, without
change, to http://www.regulations.gov/,

[[Page 23493]]

including any personal information the commenter provides. Using the
search function of the docket Web site, anyone can find and read the
electronic form of all comments received into any FAA docket, including
the name of the individual sending the comment (or signing the comment
for an association, business, labor union, etc.). DOT's complete
Privacy Act Statement can be found in the Federal Register published on
April 11, 2000 (65 FR 19477-19478).
Docket: Background documents or comments received may be read at
http://www.regulations.gov/ at any time. Follow the online instructions
for accessing the docket or go to Docket Operations in Room W12-140 of
the West Building Ground Floor at 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE.,
Washington, DC, between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through Friday,
except Federal holidays.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Varun Khanna, FAA, Airplane and
Flightcrew Interface, ANM-111, Transport Airplane Directorate, Aircraft
Certification Service, 1601 Lind Avenue SW., Renton, Washington 98057-
3356; telephone 425-227-1298; facsimile 425-227-1320.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The FAA has determined that notice of, and
opportunity for prior public comment on, these special conditions is
impracticable because these procedures would significantly delay
issuance of the design approval, and thus delivery, of the affected
airplane.
In addition, the substance of these special conditions has been
subject to the public-comment process in several prior instances with
no substantive comments received. The FAA therefore finds it
unnecessary to delay the effective date and finds that good cause
exists for making these special conditions effective upon publication
in the Federal Register.
The FAA is requesting comments to allow interested persons to
submit views that may not have been submitted in response to the prior
opportunities for comment described above.

Comments Invited

We invite interested people to take part in this rulemaking by
sending written comments, data, or views. The most helpful comments
reference a specific portion of the special conditions, explain the
reason for any recommended change, and include supporting data.
We will consider all comments we receive by the closing date for
comments. We may change these special conditions based on the comments
we receive.

Background

On October 26, 2015, Garmin applied for a supplemental type
certificate to install the Garmin Flight Stream 210 and GTN 6XX/7XX
Navigator system in Learjet Model 35 and 36 airplanes. These airplanes,
which are currently approved under Type Certificate No. A10CE, are
twin-engine corporate turbojet airplanes with a maximum takeoff weight
of 18,301 lbs., and seating for 8 passengers and 2 crew members.

Type Certification Basis

Under the provisions of title 14, Code of Federal Regulations (14
CFR) 21.101, Garmin must show that the Learjet Model 35 and 36
airplanes, as changed, continue to meet the applicable provisions of
the regulations listed in Type Certificate No. A10CE or the applicable
regulations in effect on the date of application for the change, except
for earlier amendments as agreed upon by the FAA.
If the Administrator finds that the applicable airworthiness
regulations (i.e., 14 CFR part 25) do not contain adequate or
appropriate safety standards for the Learjet Model 35 and 36 airplanes
because of a novel or unusual design feature, special conditions are
prescribed under the provisions of Sec. 21.16.
Special conditions are initially applicable to the model for which
they are issued. Should the applicant apply for a supplemental type
certificate to modify any other model included on the same type
certificate to incorporate the same novel or unusual design feature,
these special conditions would also apply to the other model under
Sec. 21.101.
In addition to the applicable airworthiness regulations and special
conditions, the Learjet Model 35 and 36 airplanes must comply with the
fuel-vent and exhaust-emission requirements of 14 CFR part 34, and the
noise-certification requirements of 14 CFR part 36.
The FAA issues special conditions, as defined in 14 CFR 11.19, in
accordance with Sec. 11.38, and they become part of the type
certification basis under Sec. 21.101.

Novel or Unusual Design Features

The Learjet Model 35, 35A, 36, and 36A airplanes, as modified by
Garmin, will incorporate the following novel or unusual design feature:
Installation of the Garmin Flight Stream 210 and GTN 6XX/7XX
Navigator system into the airplanes.

Discussion

The Garmin Flight Stream 210 and GTN 6XX/7XX Navigator system
design, installed in Learjet Model 35 and 36 airplanes, introduces the
potential for unauthorized persons, accessing the passenger-services
domain, to access the airplane-control domain and airplane information-
services domain; and further may introduce security vulnerabilities
related to the introduction of viruses, worms, user errors, and
intentional sabotage of airplane networks, systems, and databases.
The operating systems for current airplane systems usually are
proprietary. Therefore, they are not as susceptible to corruption from
worms, viruses, and other malicious actions as are more widely used
commercial operating systems, such as Microsoft Windows, because access
to the design details of these proprietary operating systems is limited
to the system developer and airplane integrator. Some systems installed
on the Learjet Model 35 and 36 airplanes will use operating systems
that are widely used and commercially available from third-party
software suppliers. The security vulnerabilities of these operating
systems may be more widely known than proprietary operating systems
currently used by avionics manufacturers.
These special conditions contain the additional safety standards
that the Administrator considers necessary to establish a level of
safety equivalent to that established by the existing airworthiness
standards.

Applicability

As discussed above, these special conditions are applicable to
Learjet Model 35 and 36 airplanes modified by Garmin. Should Garmin
apply at a later date for a supplemental type certificate, to
incorporate the same novel or unusual design feature for any other
model included on the same type certificate, these special conditions
would apply to that model as well.

Conclusion

This action affects only a certain novel or unusual design feature
on two models of airplanes. It is not a rule of general applicability
and affects only the applicant who applied to the FAA for approval of
this feature on the airplanes.

List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 25

Aircraft, Aviation safety, Reporting and recordkeeping
requirements.

The authority citation for these special conditions is as follows:

Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701, 44702, 44704.

[[Page 23494]]

The Special Conditions

Accordingly, pursuant to the authority delegated to me by the
Administrator, the following special conditions are issued as part of
the type certification basis for Learjet Model 35 and 36 airplanes
modified by Garmin.
1. The applicant must ensure that the design provides isolation
from, or airplane electronic-system security protection against, access
by unauthorized sources internal to the airplane. The design must
prevent inadvertent and malicious changes to, and all adverse impacts
upon, airplane equipment, systems, networks, or other assets required
for safe flight and operations.
2. The applicant must establish appropriate procedures to allow the
operator to ensure that continued airworthiness of the airplane is
maintained, including all post-type-certification modifications that
may have an impact on the approved electronic-system security
safeguards.

Issued in Renton, Washington, on May 17, 2017.
Michael Kaszycki,
Assistant Manager, Transport Airplane Directorate, Aircraft
Certification Service.
[FR Doc. 2017-10479 Filed 5-22-17; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910-13-P

23492 Federal Register / Vol. 82, No. 98 / Tuesday, May 23, 2017 / Rules and Regulations

same novel or unusual design feature, Model 35 and 36 airplanes modified by DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
these special conditions would also Garmin. Should Garmin apply at a later
apply to the other model under § 21.101. date for a supplemental type certificate, Federal Aviation Administration
In addition to the applicable to incorporate the same novel or
airworthiness regulations and special unusual design feature for any other 14 CFR Part 25
conditions, the Learjet Model 35 and 36 model included on the same type [Docket No. FAA–2017–0023; Special
airplanes must comply with the fuel- certificate, these special conditions Conditions No. 25–677–SC]
vent and exhaust-emission requirements would apply to that model as well.
of 14 CFR part 34, and the noise- Special Conditions: Garmin
certification requirements of 14 CFR Conclusion International, Learjet, Inc., Model 35
part 36. and 36 Airplanes; Isolation of Airplane
The FAA issues special conditions, as This action affects only a certain
Electronic-System Security Protection
defined in 14 CFR 11.19, in accordance novel or unusual design feature on two From Unauthorized Internal Access
with § 11.38, and they become part of models of airplanes. It is not a rule of
the type certification basis under general applicability and affects only AGENCY: Federal Aviation
§ 21.101. the applicant who applied to the FAA Administration (FAA), DOT.
for approval of this feature on the ACTION: Final special conditions; request
Novel or Unusual Design Features for comments.
airplanes.
The Learjet Model 35, 35A, 36, and
36A airplanes, as modified by Garmin, List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 25 SUMMARY: These special conditions are
will incorporate the following novel or issued for Garmin International
Aircraft, Aviation safety, Reporting (Garmin) for modifications to Learjet,
unusual design feature:
and recordkeeping requirements. Inc., (Learjet) Model 35 and 36
Installation of the Garmin Flight
Stream 210 and GTN 6XX/7XX The authority citation for these airplanes. These airplanes, as modified
Navigator system into the airplanes. special conditions is as follows: by Garmin, will have a novel or unusual
design feature when compared to the
Discussion Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701, state of technology envisioned in the
The Garmin Flight Stream 210 and 44702, 44704. airworthiness standards for transport-
GTN 6XX/7XX Navigator system allows The Special Conditions category airplanes. This design feature
connection to airplane electronic incorporates the Garmin Flight Stream
systems and networks, and access from Accordingly, pursuant to the 210 and GTN 6XX/7XX Navigator
airplane external sources (e.g., operator authority delegated to me by the system into the airplanes. The
networks, wireless devices, Internet Administrator, the following special applicable airworthiness regulations do
connectivity, service provider satellite conditions are issued as part of the type not contain adequate or appropriate
communications, electronic flight bags, certification basis for Learjet Model 35 safety standards for this design feature.
etc.) to the previously isolated airplane and 36 airplanes modified by Garmin. These special conditions contain the
electronic assets. Airplane electronic additional safety standards that the
1. The applicant must ensure that the Administrator considers necessary to
assets include electronic equipment and
airplane electronic systems are establish a level of safety equivalent to
systems, instruments, networks, servers,
protected from access by unauthorized that established by the existing
software and electronic components,
field-loadable software and hardware sources external to the airplane, airworthiness standards.
applications, and databases. This system including those possibly caused by DATES: This action is effective on
installation may result in network maintenance activity. Garmin on May 23, 2017. We must
security vulnerabilities from intentional 2. The applicant must ensure that receive your comments by July 7, 2017.
or unintentional corruption of data and electronic system-security threats are ADDRESSES: Send comments identified
systems required for the safety, identified and assessed, and that by docket number FAA–2017–0023
operations, and maintenance of the effective electronic system-security using any of the following methods:
airplane. The existing regulations and protection strategies are implemented to • Federal eRegulations Portal: Go to
guidance material did not anticipate this protect the airplane from all adverse http://www.regulations.gov/and follow
type of system architecture, nor external impacts on safety, functionality, and the online instructions for sending your
wired and wireless electronic access to continued airworthiness. comments electronically.
airplane electronic systems. • Mail: Send comments to Docket
Furthermore, regulations and current 3. The applicant must establish Operations, M–30, U.S. Department of
system-safety assessment policy and appropriate procedures to allow the Transportation (DOT), 1200 New Jersey
techniques do not address potential operator to ensure that continued Avenue SE., Room W12–140, West
security vulnerabilities that could be airworthiness of the airplane is Building Ground Floor, Washington,
caused by unauthorized access to maintained, including all post-type- DC, 20590–0001.
airplane electronic systems and certification modifications that may • Hand Delivery or Courier: Take
networks. have an impact on the approved comments to Docket Operations in
These special conditions contain the electronic system-security safeguards. Room W12–140 of the West Building
additional safety standards that the Issued in Renton, Washington, on May 17, Ground Floor at 1200 New Jersey
Administrator considers necessary to 2017. Avenue SE., Washington, DC, between 9
jstallworth on DSK7TPTVN1PROD with RULES

establish a level of safety equivalent to a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through
Michael Kaszycki,
that established by the existing Friday, except Federal holidays.
airworthiness standards. Assistant Manager, Transport Airplane • Fax: Fax comments to Docket
Directorate, Aircraft Certification Service. Operations at 202–493–2251.
Applicability [FR Doc. 2017–10478 Filed 5–22–17; 8:45 am] Privacy: The FAA will post all
As discussed above, these special BILLING CODE 4910–13–P comments it receives, without change,
conditions are applicable to Learjet to http://www.regulations.gov/,

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23494 Federal Register / Vol. 82, No. 98 / Tuesday, May 23, 2017 / Rules and Regulations

The Special Conditions DATES: This AD is effective June 27, –212, and –212A airplanes. The NPRM
Accordingly, pursuant to the 2017. published in the Federal Register on
authority delegated to me by the The Director of the Federal Register December 1, 2016 (81 FR 86627). The
Administrator, the following special approved the incorporation by reference NPRM was prompted by reports of
conditions are issued as part of the type of certain publications listed in this AD failure of EPSUs in production and in
certification basis for Learjet Model 35 as of June 27, 2017. service. The NPRM proposed to require
and 36 airplanes modified by Garmin. ADDRESSES: For ATR service an inspection to determine the part
1. The applicant must ensure that the information identified in this final rule, number and serial number of each
design provides isolation from, or contact ATR–GIE Avions de Transport EPSU, and replacement if necessary. We
airplane electronic-system security Régional, 1, Allée Pierre Nadot, 31712 are issuing this AD to detect and correct
protection against, access by Blagnac Cedex, France; telephone +33 defective internal electronic
unauthorized sources internal to the (0) 5 62 21 62 21; fax +33 (0) 5 62 21 components, which could adversely
airplane. The design must prevent 67 18; email continued.airworthiness@ affect the EPSU internal battery. This
inadvertent and malicious changes to, atr.fr; Internet http:// condition could result in a partial or
and all adverse impacts upon, airplane www.aerochain.com. total loss of emergency lighting,
equipment, systems, networks, or other For COBHAM service information possibly affecting passenger evacuation
assets required for safe flight and identified in this final rule, contact during an emergency situation.
operations. COBHAM Aerospace Communications, The European Aviation Safety Agency
2. The applicant must establish 174–178 Quai de Jemmapes, Paris, (EASA), which is the Technical Agent
appropriate procedures to allow the France, 75010; telephone +33 (0) 1 53 38 for the Member States of the European
operator to ensure that continued 98 98; fax +33 (0) 1 42 00 67 83; Internet Union, has issued EASA AD 2016–0070,
airworthiness of the airplane is www.cobham.com. dated April 11, 2016; corrected April 12,
maintained, including all post-type- You may view this referenced service 2016 (referred to after this as the
certification modifications that may information at the FAA, Transport Mandatory Continuing Airworthiness
have an impact on the approved Airplane Directorate, 1601 Lind Avenue Information, or ‘‘the MCAI’’); to correct
electronic-system security safeguards. SW., Renton, WA. For information on an unsafe condition for certain ATR–
Issued in Renton, Washington, on May 17,
the availability of this material at the GIE Avions de Transport Régional
2017. FAA, call 425–227–1221. It is also Model ATR42–500 airplanes and Model
Michael Kaszycki,
available on the Internet at http:// ATR72–102, –202, –212, and –212A
www.regulations.gov by searching for airplanes. The MCAI states:
Assistant Manager, Transport Airplane
Directorate, Aircraft Certification Service.
and locating Docket No. FAA–2016– Some failure cases have been reported of
9430. emergency power supply units (EPSU), Part
[FR Doc. 2017–10479 Filed 5–22–17; 8:45 am]
Examining the AD Docket Number (P/N) 301–3100 Amdt [Amendment]
BILLING CODE 4910–13–P
A, both on the production line and in service.
You may examine the AD docket on The results of the technical investigations
the Internet at http:// revealed that these failures could have been
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION www.regulations.gov by searching for caused by a defective internal electronic
and locating Docket No. FAA–2016– component, which could affect the EPSU
Federal Aviation Administration internal battery charge.
9430; or in person at the Docket
This condition, if not detected and
14 CFR Part 39 Management Facility between 9 a.m. corrected, could result in a partial or total
and 5 p.m., Monday through Friday, (depending on number of affected EPSUs
[Docket No. FAA–2016–9430; Directorate except Federal holidays. The AD docket installed) loss of emergency lighting, possibly
Identifier 2016–NM–051–AD; Amendment contains this AD, the regulatory affecting passenger evacuation during an
39–18874; AD 2017–09–12] evaluation, any comments received, and emergency situation.
RIN 2120–AA64 other information. The street address for To address this potential unsafe condition,
the Docket Office (telephone 800–647– ATR issued Service Bulletin (SB) ATR42–33–
Airworthiness Directives; ATR–GIE 5527) is Docket Management Facility, 0050 and SB ATR72–33–1043 to provide
Avions de Transport Régional U.S. Department of Transportation, instructions to inspect EPSUs.
Airplanes For the reason described above, this
Docket Operations, M–30, West [EASA] AD requires identification and
AGENCY: Federal Aviation Building Ground Floor, Room W12–140, replacement of the affected EPSUs with
Administration (FAA), Department of 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE., serviceable units.
Transportation (DOT). Washington, DC 20590. This [EASA] AD was republished to correct
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: two typographical errors in paragraph (3) of
ACTION: Final rule.
Shahram Daneshmandi, Aerospace the [EASA] AD and to specify the correct
Engineer, International Branch, ANM– Revision (3) of the Cobham SB 301–3100–33–
SUMMARY: We are adopting a new
002.
airworthiness directive (AD) for certain 116, Transport Airplane Directorate,
ATR–GIE Avions de Transport Régional FAA, 1601 Lind Avenue SW., Renton, You may examine the MCAI in the
Model ATR42–500 airplanes and Model WA 98057–3356; telephone 425–227– AD docket on the Internet at http://
ATR72–102, –202, –212, and –212A 1112; fax 425–227–1149. www.regulations.gov by searching for
airplanes. This AD was prompted by SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: and locating Docket No. FAA–2016–
reports of failure of emergency power 9430.
jstallworth on DSK7TPTVN1PROD with RULES

supply units (EPSUs) in production and Discussion
Comments
in service. This AD requires an We issued a notice of proposed
inspection to determine the part number rulemaking (NPRM) to amend 14 CFR We gave the public the opportunity to
and serial number of each EPSU, and part 39 by adding an AD that would participate in developing this AD. The
replacement if necessary. We are issuing apply to certain ATR–GIE Avions de following presents the comment
this AD to address the unsafe condition Transport Régional Model ATR42–500 received on the NPRM and the FAA’s
on these products. airplanes and Model ATR72–102, –202, response to that comment.

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Document Created: 2017-05-23 02:14:27
Document Modified: 2017-05-23 02:14:27

Category		Regulatory Information
Collection		Federal Register
sudoc Class		AE 2.7: GS 4.107: AE 2.106:
Publisher		Office of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Administration
Section		Rules and Regulations
Action		Final special conditions; request for comments.
Dates		This action is effective on Garmin on May 23, 2017. We must receive your comments by July 7, 2017.
Contact		Varun Khanna, FAA, Airplane and Flightcrew Interface, ANM-111, Transport Airplane Directorate, Aircraft Certification Service, 1601 Lind Avenue SW., Renton, Washington 98057- 3356; telephone 425-227-1298; facsimile 425-227-1320.
FR Citation		82 FR 23492
CFR Associated		Aircraft; Aviation Safety and Reporting and Recordkeeping Requirements

82 FR 23492 - Special Conditions: Garmin International, Learjet, Inc., Model 35 and 36 Airplanes; Isolation of Airplane Electronic-System Security Protection From Unauthorized Internal Access

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATIONFederal Aviation Administration

Federal Register Volume 82, Issue 98 (May 23, 2017)

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Federal Aviation Administration