82_FR_26457 82 FR 26349 - Schedules of Controlled Substances: Placement of Acetyl Fentanyl Into Schedule I

82 FR 26349 - Schedules of Controlled Substances: Placement of Acetyl Fentanyl Into Schedule I

DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE
Drug Enforcement Administration

Federal Register Volume 82, Issue 108 (June 7, 2017)

Page Range26349-26351
FR Document2017-11795

With the issuance of this final order, the Administrator of the Drug Enforcement Administration will maintain the placement of the substance acetyl fentanyl (N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N- phenylacetamide), including its isomers, esters, ethers, salts, and salts of isomers, esters and ethers, in schedule I of the Controlled Substances Act. This scheduling action is pursuant to the Controlled Substances Act and is required in order for the United States to discharge its obligations under the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961. This action continues to impose the regulatory controls and administrative, civil, and criminal sanctions applicable to schedule I controlled substances on persons who handle (manufacture, distribute, import, export, engage in research or conduct instructional activities with, or possess), or propose to handle, acetyl fentanyl.

Federal Register, Volume 82 Issue 108 (Wednesday, June 7, 2017)
[Federal Register Volume 82, Number 108 (Wednesday, June 7, 2017)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 26349-26351]
From the Federal Register Online  [www.thefederalregister.org]
[FR Doc No: 2017-11795]


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DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE

Drug Enforcement Administration

21 CFR Part 1308

[Docket No. DEA-413]


Schedules of Controlled Substances: Placement of Acetyl Fentanyl 
Into Schedule I

AGENCY: Drug Enforcement Administration, Department of Justice.

ACTION: Final order.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

SUMMARY: With the issuance of this final order, the Administrator of 
the Drug Enforcement Administration will maintain the placement of the 
substance acetyl fentanyl (N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N-
phenylacetamide), including its isomers, esters, ethers, salts, and 
salts of isomers, esters and ethers, in schedule I of the Controlled 
Substances Act. This scheduling action is pursuant to the Controlled 
Substances Act and is required in order for the United States to 
discharge its obligations under the Single Convention on Narcotic 
Drugs, 1961. This action continues to impose the regulatory controls 
and administrative, civil, and criminal sanctions applicable to 
schedule I controlled substances on persons who handle (manufacture, 
distribute, import, export, engage in research or conduct instructional 
activities with, or possess), or propose to handle, acetyl fentanyl.

DATES: Effective June 7, 2017.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Michael J. Lewis, Diversion Control

[[Page 26350]]

Division, Drug Enforcement Administration; Mailing Address: 8701 
Morrissette Drive, Springfield, Virginia 22152; Telephone: (202) 598-
6812.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

Legal Authority

    Section 201(d)(1) of the Controlled Substances Act (CSA) (21 U.S.C. 
811(d)(1)) states that, if control of a substance is required ``by 
United States obligations under international treaties, conventions, or 
protocols in effect on October 27, 1970, the Attorney General shall 
issue an order controlling such drug under the schedule he deems most 
appropriate to carry out such obligations, without regard to the 
findings required by [section 201(a) (21 U.S.C. 811 (a))] or section 
[202(b) (21 U.S.C. 812(b)) of the Act] and without regard to the 
procedures prescribed by [section 201(a) and (b) (21 U.S.C. 811(a) and 
(b))].'' If a substance is added to one of the schedules of the Single 
Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961, then, in accordance with article 3, 
paragraph 7 of the Convention, as a signatory Member State, the United 
States is obligated to control the substance under its national drug 
control legislation, the CSA. The Attorney General has delegated 
scheduling authority under 21 U.S.C. 811 to the Administrator of the 
DEA. 28 CFR 0.100.

Background

    On May 17, 2016, the Secretary-General of the United Nations 
advised the Secretary of State of the United States, that during the 
59th session of the Commission on Narcotic Drugs, acetyl fentanyl was 
added to schedule I of the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961. 
This letter was prompted by a decision at the 59th session of the 
Commission on Narcotic Drugs in March 2016 to schedule acetyl fentanyl 
under schedule I of the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs. As a 
signatory Member State to the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, the 
United States is obligated to control acetyl fentanyl under its 
national drug control legislation, the CSA, in the schedule deemed most 
appropriate to carry out its international obligations. 21 U.S.C. 
811(d)(1).

Acetyl Fentanyl

    On July 17, 2015, acetyl fentanyl was temporarily placed in 
schedule I of the CSA in order to avoid an imminent hazard to the 
public safety (80 FR 42381). Acetyl fentanyl is a potent opioid 
analgesic and has no accepted medical use in the United States. Since 
2013, both law enforcement (DEA's NFLIS and STARLiMS databases) and 
public health reports demonstrate the unregulated use and distribution 
of this substance. Law enforcement reports indicate that acetyl 
fentanyl is available on the illicit market as a powder or in tablet 
form which mimic pharmaceutical opiate products. In powder form, the 
identity of the substance may go unknown to the end user as it may be 
marketed as heroin or mixed with heroin. Recent reports indicate that 
acetyl fentanyl is available over the Internet.
    Acetyl fentanyl exhibits a typical morphine-like profile in 
animals. Data from the scientific literature show that the analgesic 
potency of acetyl fentanyl is up to 15.7 times greater than that of 
morphine in mice as evaluated using an acetic acid writhing method. 
Since 2013, adverse effects due to acetyl fentanyl toxicity have been 
reported in humans. Similar to other opioids (i.e. heroin, oxycodone, 
hydrocodone, fentanyl, etc.), acetyl fentanyl induces respiratory 
depression which may lead to death in an overdose event. DEA is 
currently aware of at least 57 confirmed fatalities associated with 
acetyl fentanyl misuse and/or abuse in the United States. The extent of 
abuse and mortality associated with acetyl fentanyl is likely to be 
underestimated since it is not included in most drug screens. In 
addition, the identity of fentanyl and acetyl fentanyl cannot be 
distinguished by commonly used drug screens including enzyme-linked 
immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Further confirmatory testing (i.e. mass 
spectrometry) is required to identify acetyl fentanyl.
    The DEA is not aware of any claims or any medical or scientific 
literature suggesting that acetyl fentanyl has a currently accepted 
medical use in treatment in the United States. In addition, HHS advised 
the DEA, by letter dated April 29, 2015, that there are no approved new 
drug applications or investigational new drug applications for acetyl 
fentanyl.
    By letter, dated January 11, 2016, the DEA requested that HHS 
conduct a scientific and medical evaluation of the substance's medical 
utility and a scheduling recommendation for acetyl fentanyl. Regardless 
of this request and any potential response from HHS, the DEA is not 
required under 21 U.S.C. 811(d)(1) to make any findings required by 21 
U.S.C. 811(a) or 812(b), and is not required to follow the procedures 
prescribed by 21 U.S.C. 811(a) and (b). Therefore, consistent with the 
framework of 21 U.S.C. 811(d), DEA concludes that acetyl fentanyl has 
no currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States and 
is most appropriately placed (as it has been since July 2015) in 
schedule I of the CSA.

Conclusion

    In order to meet the obligations of the Single Convention on 
Narcotic Drugs, 1961 and because acetyl fentanyl has no currently 
accepted medical use in treatment in the United States, the 
Administrator of the Drug Enforcement Administration has determined 
that this substance should remain in schedule I of the Controlled 
Substances Act.

Requirements for Handling

    Acetyl fentanyl has been controlled as a schedule I controlled 
substance since July 17, 2015. With publication of this final order, 
acetyl fentanyl remains subject to the CSA's schedule I regulatory 
controls and administrative, civil, and criminal sanctions applicable 
to the manufacture, distribution, importation, exportation, engagement 
in research, and conduct of instructional activities with, and 
possession of schedule I controlled substances, including the 
following:
    1. Registration. Any person who handles (manufactures, distributes, 
imports, exports, engages in research or conducts instructional 
activities with, or possesses), or who desires to handle, acetyl 
fentanyl must be registered with the DEA to conduct such activities 
pursuant to 21 U.S.C. 822, 823, 957, and 958 and in accordance with 21 
CFR parts 1301 and 1312.
    2. Disposal of stocks. Acetyl fentanyl must be disposed of in 
accordance with 21 CFR part 1317, in addition to all other applicable 
federal, state, local, and tribal laws.
    3. Security. Acetyl fentanyl is subject to schedule I security 
requirements and must be handled and stored pursuant to 21 U.S.C. 821, 
823, 871(b), and in accordance with 21 CFR 1301.71-1301.93.
    4. Labeling and packaging. All labels, labeling, and packaging for 
commercial containers of acetyl fentanyl must be in compliance with 21 
U.S.C. 825, 958(e), and be in accordance with 21 CFR part 1302.
    5. Quota. A quota assigned pursuant to 21 U.S.C. 826 and in 
accordance with 21 CFR part 1303 is required in order to manufacture 
acetyl fentanyl.
    6. Inventory. Every DEA registrant who possesses any quantity of 
acetyl fentanyl must keep an inventory of all stocks of this substance 
on hand pursuant to 21 U.S.C. 827 and 958, and in accordance with 21 
CFR 1304.03, 1304.04, and 1304.11.

[[Page 26351]]

    7. Records and Reports. Every DEA registrant must maintain records 
and submit reports with respect to acetyl fentanyl pursuant to 21 
U.S.C. 827 and 958, and in accordance with 21 CFR parts 1304 and 1312.
    8. Order Forms. All DEA registrants who distribute acetyl fentanyl 
must comply with order form requirements pursuant to 21 U.S.C. 828 and 
in accordance with 21 CFR part 1305.
    9. Importation and Exportation. All importation and exportation of 
acetyl fentanyl must be in compliance with 21 U.S.C. 952, 953, 957, 
958, and in accordance with 21 CFR part 1312.
    10. Liability. Any activity involving acetyl fentanyl not 
authorized by, or in violation of the CSA, is unlawful, and may subject 
the person to administrative, civil, and/or criminal sanctions.

Regulatory Analyses

Administrative Procedure Act

    The CSA provides for an expedited scheduling action where control 
is required by the United States obligations under international 
treaties, conventions, or protocols. 21 U.S.C. 811(d)(1). If control is 
required pursuant to such international treaty, convention, or 
protocol, the Attorney General must issue an order controlling such 
drug under the schedule he deems most appropriate to carry out such 
obligations, without regard to the findings or procedures otherwise 
required for scheduling actions. Id.
    To the extent that 21 U.S.C. 811(d)(1) directs that if control is 
required by the United States obligations under international treaties, 
conventions, or protocols in effect on October 27, 1970, scheduling 
actions shall be issued by order (as compared to scheduling pursuant to 
21 U.S.C. 811(a) by rule), the DEA believes that the notice and comment 
requirements of section 553 of the Administrative Procedure Act (APA), 
5 U.S.C. 553, do not apply to this scheduling action. In the 
alternative, even if this action does constitute ``rule making'' under 
5 U.S.C. 551(5), this action is exempt from the notice and comment 
requirements of 5 U.S.C. 553 pursuant to 21 U.S.C. 553(a)(1) as an 
action involving a foreign affairs function of the United States given 
that this action is being done in accordance with 21 U.S.C. 811(d)(1)'s 
requirement that such action be taken to comply with the United States 
obligations under the specified international agreements.

Executive Order 12866

    This action is not a significant regulatory action as defined by 
Executive Order 12866 (Regulatory Planning and Review), section 3(f), 
and, accordingly, this action has not been reviewed by the Office of 
Management and Budget (OMB).

Executive Order 13132

    This action does not have federalism implications warranting the 
application of Executive Order 13132. This action does not have 
substantial direct effects on the States, on the relationship between 
the national government and the States, or on the distribution of power 
and responsibilities among the various levels of government. Therefore, 
in accordance with Executive Order 13132 (Federalism) it is determined 
that this action does not have sufficient federalism implications to 
warrant the preparation of a Federalism Assessment.

Executive Order 13175

    This action does not have tribal implications warranting the 
application of Executive Order 13175. The action does not have 
substantial direct effects on one or more Indian tribes, on the 
relationship between the Federal government and Indian tribes, or on 
the distribution of power and responsibilities between the Federal 
government and Indian tribes.

Regulatory Flexibility Act

    The Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA) (5 U.S.C. 601-612) applies to 
rules that are subject to notice and comment under section 553(b) of 
the APA or any other law. As explained above, the CSA exempts this 
final order from notice and comment. Consequently, the RFA does not 
apply to this action.

Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995

    This action does not impose a new collection of information 
requirement under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995. 44 U.S.C. 3501-
3521. An agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not 
required to respond to, a collection of information unless it displays 
a currently valid OMB control number.

Congressional Review Act

    This action is not a major rule as defined by section 804 of the 
Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act of 1996 
(Congressional Review Act). However, the DEA has submitted a copy of 
this final order to both Houses of Congress and to the Comptroller 
General.

List of Subjects in 21 CFR Part 1308

    Administrative practice and procedure, Drug traffic control, 
Narcotics, Prescription drugs.

    For the reasons set out above, the DEA amends 21 CFR part 1308 as 
follows:

PART 1308--SCHEDULES OF CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES

    1. The authority citation for part 1308 continues to read as 
follows:

    Authority:  21 U.S.C. 811, 812, 871(b), 956(b), unless otherwise 
noted.

0
2. Amend Sec.  1308.11 by:
0
i. Redesignating paragraphs (b)(3) through (56) as (b)(4) through (57) 
and adding a new paragraph (b)(3); and
0
ii. Removing paragraph (h)(4), redesignating paragraphs (h)(5) through 
(15) as (h)(4) through (14), and adding reserved paragraph (h)(15).
    The addition reads as follows:


Sec.  1308.11  Schedule I.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (3) Acetyl fentanyl (N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N-
phenylacetamide)--9821
* * * * *

    Dated: May 30, 2017.
Chuck Rosenberg,
Acting Administrator.
[FR Doc. 2017-11795 Filed 6-6-17; 8:45 am]
 BILLING CODE 4410-09-P



                                                               Federal Register / Vol. 82, No. 108 / Wednesday, June 7, 2017 / Rules and Regulations                                                26349

                                             changes that are now in effect.                         cause for these amendments to become                   cannot be obtained in time to prevent
                                             Specifically, section 3052 of the 21st                  effective on the date of publication of                serious harm or death to a patient, a
                                             Century Cures Act amended section                       this action.                                           HUD may be administered without prior
                                             520(m) of the FD&C Act to allow for                                                                            approval by an IRB. In such an
                                                                                                     List of Subjects in 21 CFR Part 814
                                             HDE approval for devices that, among                                                                           emergency situation, the physician
                                             other things, treat or diagnose a disease                 Administrative practice and                          shall, within 5 days after the use of the
                                             or condition that affects ‘‘not more than               procedure, Confidential business                       device, provide written notification to
                                             8,000’’ individuals in the United States;               information, Medical devices, Medical                  the chairman of the IRB of such use.
                                             this threshold had been ‘‘fewer than                    research, Reporting and recordkeeping                  Such written notification shall include
                                             4,000’’ individuals in the United States                requirements.                                          the identification of the patient
                                             (amending 21 U.S.C. 360j(m), passim).                     Therefore, under the Federal Food,                   involved, the date on which the device
                                             This final rule amends part 814 (21 CFR                 Drug, and Cosmetic Act and under                       was used, and the reason for the use.
                                             part 814) in several places to accurately               authority delegated to the Commissioner                *     *     *    *      *
                                             reflect the threshold recently enacted                  of Food and Drugs, 21 CFR part 814 is
                                             into law.                                               amended as follows:                                    § 814.126   [Amended]
                                                In addition, section 3056 of the 21st                                                                       ■ 6. Amend § 814.126(b)(1)(iii) by
                                             Century Cures Act amended section 520                   PART 814—PREMARKET APPROVAL                            removing the number ‘‘4,000’’ and
                                             of the FD&C Act to remove the                           OF MEDICAL DEVICES                                     adding in its place the number ‘‘8,000’’.
                                             requirement for institutional review
                                             committees, i.e., IRBs, for devices to be                 1. The authority citation for part 814                 Dated: June 1, 2017.
                                             ‘‘local’’, (amending 21 U.S.C. 360j,                    continues to read as follows:                          Anna K. Abram,
                                             passim). This final rule amends 21 CFR                    Authority: 21 U.S.C. 351, 352, 353, 360,             Deputy Commissioner for Policy, Planning,
                                             814.124(a), ‘‘IRB approval’’, to remove                 360c–360j, 371, 372, 373, 374, 375, 379, 379e,         Legislation, and Analysis.
                                             the term ‘‘local’’ and related language in              381.                                                   [FR Doc. 2017–11816 Filed 6–6–17; 8:45 am]
                                             order to accurately reflect the                         § 814.3    [Amended]
                                                                                                                                                            BILLING CODE 4164–01–P
                                             requirements recently enacted into law.
                                                FDA finds good cause for issuing this                ■ 2. Amend § 814.3(n) by removing the
                                             amendment as a final rule without                       words ‘‘fewer than 4,000’’ and adding in               DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE
                                             notice and comment because this                         their place the words ‘‘not more than
                                             amendment only updates the                              8,000’’.                                               Drug Enforcement Administration
                                             implementing regulation to restate the
                                                                                                     § 814.100    [Amended]                                 21 CFR Part 1308
                                             statute in light of amendments recently
                                             enacted into law (see 5 U.S.C. 553(b)(B),               ■ 3. Amend § 814.100(b) introductory                   [Docket No. DEA–413]
                                             relating to notice and comment                          text by removing the words ‘‘fewer than
                                             procedures): ‘‘[W]hen regulations                       4,000’’ and adding in their place the                  Schedules of Controlled Substances:
                                             merely restate the statute they                         words ‘‘not more than 8,000’’.                         Placement of Acetyl Fentanyl Into
                                             implement, notice-and-comment                                                                                  Schedule I
                                                                                                     § 814.102    [Amended]
                                             procedures are unnecessary’’. Gray
                                             Panthers Advocacy Committee v.                          ■ 4. Amend § 814.102 as follows:                       AGENCY:  Drug Enforcement
                                             Sullivan, 936 F.2d 1284, 1291 (D.C. Cir.                ■ a. In paragraph (a)(5), remove the                   Administration, Department of Justice.
                                             1991); see also Komjathy v. Nat. Trans.                 words ‘‘fewer than 4,000’’ in both                     ACTION: Final order.
                                             Safety Bd., 832 F.2d 1294, 1296 (D.C.                   occurrences and add in their places the
                                                                                                     words ‘‘not more than 8,000’’ for both                 SUMMARY:   With the issuance of this final
                                             Cir. 1987) (when a rule ‘‘does no more
                                                                                                     occurrences;                                           order, the Administrator of the Drug
                                             than repeat, virtually verbatim, the
                                                                                                     ■ b. In paragraph (b)(3)(i), remove the
                                                                                                                                                            Enforcement Administration will
                                             statutory grant of authority’’, notice-and-
                                             comment procedures are not required).                   words ‘‘fewer than 4,000’’ and add in                  maintain the placement of the substance
                                             Therefore, we are issuing these                         their place the words ‘‘not more than                  acetyl fentanyl (N-(1-
                                             amendments as a final rule, and                         8,000’’; and                                           phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N-
                                             publication of this document constitutes                ■ c. In paragraph (b)(3)(ii), remove the
                                                                                                                                                            phenylacetamide), including its
                                             final action on this change under the                   words ‘‘4,000 or more’’ and add in their               isomers, esters, ethers, salts, and salts of
                                             Administrative Procedure Act (APA) (5                   place the words ‘‘more than 8,000’’.                   isomers, esters and ethers, in schedule
                                             U.S.C. 553).                                                                                                   I of the Controlled Substances Act. This
                                                                                                     ■ 5. In § 814.124, revise paragraph (a) to
                                                In addition, FDA finds good cause for                                                                       scheduling action is pursuant to the
                                                                                                     read as follows:                                       Controlled Substances Act and is
                                             these amendments to become effective
                                             on the date of publication of this action.              § 814.124 Institutional Review Board                   required in order for the United States
                                             The APA allows an effective date less                   requirements.                                          to discharge its obligations under the
                                             than 30 days after publication as                         (a) IRB approval. The HDE holder is                  Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs,
                                             ‘‘provided by the agency for good cause                 responsible for ensuring that a HUD                    1961. This action continues to impose
                                             found and published with the rule’’ (5                  approved under this subpart is                         the regulatory controls and
                                             U.S.C. 553(d)(3)). A delayed effective                  administered only in facilities having                 administrative, civil, and criminal
                                             date is unnecessary in this case because                oversight by an Institutional Review                   sanctions applicable to schedule I
                                             the new requirements are already                        Board (IRB) constituted and acting                     controlled substances on persons who
pmangrum on DSK3GDR082PROD with RULES




                                             effective as a matter of law.                           pursuant to part 56 of this chapter,                   handle (manufacture, distribute, import,
                                             Furthermore, this rule does not establish               including continuing review of use of                  export, engage in research or conduct
                                             additional regulatory obligations or                    the device. In addition, a HUD may be                  instructional activities with, or possess),
                                             impose additional burden on regulated                   administered only if such use has been                 or propose to handle, acetyl fentanyl.
                                             entities. As a result, affected parties do              approved by an IRB. If, however, a                     DATES: Effective June 7, 2017.
                                             not need time to prepare before the rule                physician in an emergency situation                    FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
                                             takes effect. Therefore, FDA finds good                 determines that approval from an IRB                   Michael J. Lewis, Diversion Control


                                        VerDate Sep<11>2014   15:10 Jun 06, 2017   Jkt 241001   PO 00000   Frm 00015   Fmt 4700   Sfmt 4700   E:\FR\FM\07JNR1.SGM   07JNR1


                                             26350             Federal Register / Vol. 82, No. 108 / Wednesday, June 7, 2017 / Rules and Regulations

                                             Division, Drug Enforcement                              NFLIS and STARLiMS databases) and                      treatment in the United States and is
                                             Administration; Mailing Address: 8701                   public health reports demonstrate the                  most appropriately placed (as it has
                                             Morrissette Drive, Springfield, Virginia                unregulated use and distribution of this               been since July 2015) in schedule I of
                                             22152; Telephone: (202) 598–6812.                       substance. Law enforcement reports                     the CSA.
                                             SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:                              indicate that acetyl fentanyl is available
                                                                                                                                                            Conclusion
                                                                                                     on the illicit market as a powder or in
                                             Legal Authority                                         tablet form which mimic                                   In order to meet the obligations of the
                                                Section 201(d)(1) of the Controlled                  pharmaceutical opiate products. In                     Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs,
                                             Substances Act (CSA) (21 U.S.C.                         powder form, the identity of the                       1961 and because acetyl fentanyl has no
                                             811(d)(1)) states that, if control of a                 substance may go unknown to the end                    currently accepted medical use in
                                             substance is required ‘‘by United States                user as it may be marketed as heroin or                treatment in the United States, the
                                             obligations under international treaties,               mixed with heroin. Recent reports                      Administrator of the Drug Enforcement
                                             conventions, or protocols in effect on                  indicate that acetyl fentanyl is available             Administration has determined that this
                                             October 27, 1970, the Attorney General                  over the Internet.                                     substance should remain in schedule I
                                             shall issue an order controlling such                      Acetyl fentanyl exhibits a typical                  of the Controlled Substances Act.
                                             drug under the schedule he deems most                   morphine-like profile in animals. Data
                                             appropriate to carry out such                           from the scientific literature show that               Requirements for Handling
                                             obligations, without regard to the                      the analgesic potency of acetyl fentanyl                  Acetyl fentanyl has been controlled as
                                             findings required by [section 201(a) (21                is up to 15.7 times greater than that of               a schedule I controlled substance since
                                             U.S.C. 811 (a))] or section [202(b) (21                 morphine in mice as evaluated using an                 July 17, 2015. With publication of this
                                             U.S.C. 812(b)) of the Act] and without                  acetic acid writhing method. Since                     final order, acetyl fentanyl remains
                                             regard to the procedures prescribed by                  2013, adverse effects due to acetyl                    subject to the CSA’s schedule I
                                             [section 201(a) and (b) (21 U.S.C. 811(a)               fentanyl toxicity have been reported in                regulatory controls and administrative,
                                             and (b))].’’ If a substance is added to one             humans. Similar to other opioids (i.e.                 civil, and criminal sanctions applicable
                                             of the schedules of the Single                          heroin, oxycodone, hydrocodone,                        to the manufacture, distribution,
                                             Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961,                     fentanyl, etc.), acetyl fentanyl induces               importation, exportation, engagement in
                                             then, in accordance with article 3,                     respiratory depression which may lead                  research, and conduct of instructional
                                             paragraph 7 of the Convention, as a                     to death in an overdose event. DEA is                  activities with, and possession of
                                             signatory Member State, the United                      currently aware of at least 57 confirmed               schedule I controlled substances,
                                             States is obligated to control the                      fatalities associated with acetyl fentanyl             including the following:
                                             substance under its national drug                       misuse and/or abuse in the United                         1. Registration. Any person who
                                             control legislation, the CSA. The                       States. The extent of abuse and                        handles (manufactures, distributes,
                                             Attorney General has delegated                          mortality associated with acetyl fentanyl              imports, exports, engages in research or
                                             scheduling authority under 21 U.S.C.                    is likely to be underestimated since it is             conducts instructional activities with, or
                                             811 to the Administrator of the DEA. 28                 not included in most drug screens. In                  possesses), or who desires to handle,
                                             CFR 0.100.                                              addition, the identity of fentanyl and                 acetyl fentanyl must be registered with
                                                                                                     acetyl fentanyl cannot be distinguished                the DEA to conduct such activities
                                             Background
                                                                                                     by commonly used drug screens                          pursuant to 21 U.S.C. 822, 823, 957, and
                                               On May 17, 2016, the Secretary-                       including enzyme-linked                                958 and in accordance with 21 CFR
                                             General of the United Nations advised                   immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Further                   parts 1301 and 1312.
                                             the Secretary of State of the United                    confirmatory testing (i.e. mass
                                             States, that during the 59th session of                                                                           2. Disposal of stocks. Acetyl fentanyl
                                                                                                     spectrometry) is required to identify
                                             the Commission on Narcotic Drugs,                                                                              must be disposed of in accordance with
                                                                                                     acetyl fentanyl.
                                             acetyl fentanyl was added to schedule I                    The DEA is not aware of any claims                  21 CFR part 1317, in addition to all
                                             of the Single Convention on Narcotic                    or any medical or scientific literature                other applicable federal, state, local, and
                                             Drugs, 1961. This letter was prompted                   suggesting that acetyl fentanyl has a                  tribal laws.
                                             by a decision at the 59th session of the                currently accepted medical use in                         3. Security. Acetyl fentanyl is subject
                                             Commission on Narcotic Drugs in                         treatment in the United States. In                     to schedule I security requirements and
                                             March 2016 to schedule acetyl fentanyl                  addition, HHS advised the DEA, by                      must be handled and stored pursuant to
                                             under schedule I of the Single                          letter dated April 29, 2015, that there                21 U.S.C. 821, 823, 871(b), and in
                                             Convention on Narcotic Drugs. As a                      are no approved new drug applications                  accordance with 21 CFR 1301.71–
                                             signatory Member State to the Single                    or investigational new drug applications               1301.93.
                                             Convention on Narcotic Drugs, the                       for acetyl fentanyl.                                      4. Labeling and packaging. All labels,
                                             United States is obligated to control                      By letter, dated January 11, 2016, the              labeling, and packaging for commercial
                                             acetyl fentanyl under its national drug                 DEA requested that HHS conduct a                       containers of acetyl fentanyl must be in
                                             control legislation, the CSA, in the                    scientific and medical evaluation of the               compliance with 21 U.S.C. 825, 958(e),
                                             schedule deemed most appropriate to                     substance’s medical utility and a                      and be in accordance with 21 CFR part
                                             carry out its international obligations.                scheduling recommendation for acetyl                   1302.
                                             21 U.S.C. 811(d)(1).                                    fentanyl. Regardless of this request and                  5. Quota. A quota assigned pursuant
                                                                                                     any potential response from HHS, the                   to 21 U.S.C. 826 and in accordance with
                                             Acetyl Fentanyl                                         DEA is not required under 21 U.S.C.                    21 CFR part 1303 is required in order to
                                               On July 17, 2015, acetyl fentanyl was                 811(d)(1) to make any findings required                manufacture acetyl fentanyl.
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                                             temporarily placed in schedule I of the                 by 21 U.S.C. 811(a) or 812(b), and is not                 6. Inventory. Every DEA registrant
                                             CSA in order to avoid an imminent                       required to follow the procedures                      who possesses any quantity of acetyl
                                             hazard to the public safety (80 FR                      prescribed by 21 U.S.C. 811(a) and (b).                fentanyl must keep an inventory of all
                                             42381). Acetyl fentanyl is a potent                     Therefore, consistent with the                         stocks of this substance on hand
                                             opioid analgesic and has no accepted                    framework of 21 U.S.C. 811(d), DEA                     pursuant to 21 U.S.C. 827 and 958, and
                                             medical use in the United States. Since                 concludes that acetyl fentanyl has no                  in accordance with 21 CFR 1304.03,
                                             2013, both law enforcement (DEA’s                       currently accepted medical use in                      1304.04, and 1304.11.


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                                                               Federal Register / Vol. 82, No. 108 / Wednesday, June 7, 2017 / Rules and Regulations                                                26351

                                               7. Records and Reports. Every DEA                     Executive Order 12866 (Regulatory                        For the reasons set out above, the DEA
                                             registrant must maintain records and                    Planning and Review), section 3(f), and,               amends 21 CFR part 1308 as follows:
                                             submit reports with respect to acetyl                   accordingly, this action has not been
                                             fentanyl pursuant to 21 U.S.C. 827 and                  reviewed by the Office of Management                   PART 1308—SCHEDULES OF
                                             958, and in accordance with 21 CFR                      and Budget (OMB).                                      CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES
                                             parts 1304 and 1312.                                                                                             1. The authority citation for part 1308
                                                                                                     Executive Order 13132
                                               8. Order Forms. All DEA registrants                                                                          continues to read as follows:
                                             who distribute acetyl fentanyl must                       This action does not have federalism
                                             comply with order form requirements                     implications warranting the application                  Authority: 21 U.S.C. 811, 812, 871(b),
                                                                                                     of Executive Order 13132. This action                  956(b), unless otherwise noted.
                                             pursuant to 21 U.S.C. 828 and in
                                             accordance with 21 CFR part 1305.                       does not have substantial direct effects               ■ 2. Amend § 1308.11 by:
                                               9. Importation and Exportation. All                   on the States, on the relationship                     ■ i. Redesignating paragraphs (b)(3)
                                             importation and exportation of acetyl                   between the national government and                    through (56) as (b)(4) through (57) and
                                             fentanyl must be in compliance with 21                  the States, or on the distribution of                  adding a new paragraph (b)(3); and
                                             U.S.C. 952, 953, 957, 958, and in                       power and responsibilities among the                   ■ ii. Removing paragraph (h)(4),
                                             accordance with 21 CFR part 1312.                       various levels of government. Therefore,               redesignating paragraphs (h)(5) through
                                               10. Liability. Any activity involving                 in accordance with Executive Order                     (15) as (h)(4) through (14), and adding
                                             acetyl fentanyl not authorized by, or in                13132 (Federalism) it is determined that               reserved paragraph (h)(15).
                                             violation of the CSA, is unlawful, and                  this action does not have sufficient                     The addition reads as follows:
                                             may subject the person to                               federalism implications to warrant the                 § 1308.11   Schedule I.
                                             administrative, civil, and/or criminal                  preparation of a Federalism Assessment.
                                                                                                                                                            *     *    *     *     *
                                             sanctions.                                              Executive Order 13175                                    (b) * * *
                                             Regulatory Analyses                                       This action does not have tribal                       (3) Acetyl fentanyl (N-(1-
                                                                                                     implications warranting the application                phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N-
                                             Administrative Procedure Act
                                                                                                     of Executive Order 13175. The action                   phenylacetamide)—9821
                                                The CSA provides for an expedited                    does not have substantial direct effects               *     *    *     *     *
                                             scheduling action where control is                      on one or more Indian tribes, on the
                                             required by the United States                                                                                    Dated: May 30, 2017.
                                                                                                     relationship between the Federal                       Chuck Rosenberg,
                                             obligations under international treaties,               government and Indian tribes, or on the
                                             conventions, or protocols. 21 U.S.C.                                                                           Acting Administrator.
                                                                                                     distribution of power and
                                             811(d)(1). If control is required pursuant              responsibilities between the Federal
                                                                                                                                                            [FR Doc. 2017–11795 Filed 6–6–17; 8:45 am]
                                             to such international treaty, convention,               government and Indian tribes.                          BILLING CODE 4410–09–P
                                             or protocol, the Attorney General must
                                             issue an order controlling such drug                    Regulatory Flexibility Act
                                             under the schedule he deems most                          The Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA)                 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
                                             appropriate to carry out such                           (5 U.S.C. 601–612) applies to rules that               AGENCY
                                             obligations, without regard to the                      are subject to notice and comment
                                             findings or procedures otherwise                        under section 553(b) of the APA or any                 40 CFR Part 52
                                             required for scheduling actions. Id.                    other law. As explained above, the CSA                 [EPA–R09–OAR–2015–0399; FRL–9963–25–
                                                To the extent that 21 U.S.C. 811(d)(1)               exempts this final order from notice and               Region 9]
                                             directs that if control is required by the              comment. Consequently, the RFA does
                                             United States obligations under                         not apply to this action.                              Air Plan Approval; Nevada, Lake
                                             international treaties, conventions, or                                                                        Tahoe; Second 10-Year Carbon
                                             protocols in effect on October 27, 1970,                Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995                        Monoxide Limited Maintenance Plan
                                             scheduling actions shall be issued by                     This action does not impose a new
                                             order (as compared to scheduling                                                                               AGENCY:  Environmental Protection
                                                                                                     collection of information requirement
                                             pursuant to 21 U.S.C. 811(a) by rule),                                                                         Agency (EPA).
                                                                                                     under the Paperwork Reduction Act of
                                             the DEA believes that the notice and                    1995. 44 U.S.C. 3501–3521. An agency                   ACTION: Final rule.
                                             comment requirements of section 553 of                  may not conduct or sponsor, and a                      SUMMARY:   The Environmental Protection
                                             the Administrative Procedure Act                        person is not required to respond to, a                Agency (EPA) is taking final action to
                                             (APA), 5 U.S.C. 553, do not apply to this               collection of information unless it                    approve revisions to the State of
                                             scheduling action. In the alternative,                  displays a currently valid OMB control                 Nevada’s (‘‘State’’) April 3, 2012 state
                                             even if this action does constitute ‘‘rule              number.                                                implementation plan (SIP) submission
                                             making’’ under 5 U.S.C. 551(5), this
                                                                                                     Congressional Review Act                               and the State’s August 26, 2016
                                             action is exempt from the notice and
                                                                                                                                                            supplement to their 2012 submittal. The
                                             comment requirements of 5 U.S.C. 553                      This action is not a major rule as
                                                                                                                                                            State submitted these two SIP revisions
                                             pursuant to 21 U.S.C. 553(a)(1) as an                   defined by section 804 of the Small
                                                                                                                                                            for the Lake Tahoe, Nevada carbon
                                             action involving a foreign affairs                      Business Regulatory Enforcement
                                                                                                                                                            monoxide (CO) area to address the
                                             function of the United States given that                Fairness Act of 1996 (Congressional
                                                                                                                                                            Clean Air Act (CAA) requirement to
                                             this action is being done in accordance                 Review Act). However, the DEA has
                                                                                                                                                            submit by the eighth year of the first
                                             with 21 U.S.C. 811(d)(1)’s requirement                  submitted a copy of this final order to
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                                                                                                                                                            maintenance plan a second 10-year
                                             that such action be taken to comply                     both Houses of Congress and to the
                                                                                                                                                            maintenance plan.
                                             with the United States obligations under                Comptroller General.
                                             the specified international agreements.                                                                        DATES: This final rule is effective on July
                                                                                                     List of Subjects in 21 CFR Part 1308                   7, 2017.
                                             Executive Order 12866                                     Administrative practice and                          ADDRESSES: The EPA has established a
                                               This action is not a significant                      procedure, Drug traffic control,                       docket for this action under Docket ID
                                             regulatory action as defined by                         Narcotics, Prescription drugs.                         Number EPA–R09–OAR–2015–0399. All


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Document Created: 2017-06-07 02:00:36
Document Modified: 2017-06-07 02:00:36
CategoryRegulatory Information
CollectionFederal Register
sudoc ClassAE 2.7:
GS 4.107:
AE 2.106:
PublisherOffice of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Administration
SectionRules and Regulations
ActionFinal order.
DatesEffective June 7, 2017.
ContactMichael J. Lewis, Diversion Control
FR Citation82 FR 26349 
CFR AssociatedAdministrative Practice and Procedure; Drug Traffic Control; Narcotics and Prescription Drugs

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