| Page Range | 3554-3599 | |
| FR Document | 2016-31203 |
[Federal Register Volume 82, Number 7 (Wednesday, January 11, 2017)] [Proposed Rules] [Pages 3554-3599] From the Federal Register Online [www.thefederalregister.org] [FR Doc No: 2016-31203] [[Page 3553]] Vol. 82 Wednesday, No. 7 January 11, 2017 Part IV Environmental Protection Agency ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 40 CFR Part 62 Federal Plan Requirements for Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste Incineration Units; Proposed Rule Federal Register / Vol. 82, No. 7 / Wednesday, January 11, 2017 / Proposed Rules [[Page 3554]] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY 40 CFR Part 62 [EPA-HQ-OAR-2016-0664; FRL-9957-11-OAR] RIN 2060-AT28 Federal Plan Requirements for Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste Incineration Units AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). ACTION: Proposed rule. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: This action proposes the federal plan for existing commercial and industrial incineration (CISWI) units. This proposed action implements the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) emission guidelines (EG) adopted on February 7, 2013, as amended on June 23, 2016, in states that do not have an approved state plan implementing the EG in place by the effective date of this federal plan. The federal plan will result in emissions reductions of certain pollutants from all affected units covered. DATES: Comments. Comments must be received on or before February 27, 2017. Public Hearing. A public hearing will be held if requested by January 17, 2017. ADDRESSES: Comments. Submit your comments, identified by Docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OAR-2016-0664 at http://www.regulations.gov. Follow the online instructions for submitting comments. Once submitted, comments cannot be edited or removed from Regulations.gov. The EPA may publish any comment received to its public docket. Do not submit electronically any information you consider to be Confidential Business Information (CBI) or other information whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Multimedia submissions (audio, video, etc.) must be accompanied by a written comment. The written comment is considered the official comment and should include discussion of all points you wish to make. The EPA will generally not consider comments or comment contents located outside of the primary submission (i.e., on the Web, Cloud, or other file sharing system). For additional submission methods, the full EPA public comment policy, information about CBI or multimedia submissions, and general guidance on making effective comments, please visit http://www.epa.gov/dockets/commenting-epa-dockets. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Dr. Nabanita Modak Fischer, Fuels and Incineration Group, Sector Policies and Programs Division (E143-05), Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711; telephone number: (919) 541-5572; fax number: (919) 541-3470; email address: [email protected]. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Docket. The EPA has established a docket for this rulemaking under Docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OAR-2016-0664. All documents in the docket are listed in the Regulations.gov index. Although listed in the index, some information is not publicly available, e.g., CBI or other information whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Certain other material, such as copyrighted material, is not placed on the Internet and will be publicly available only in hard copy. Publicly available docket materials are available either electronically in Regulations.gov or in hard copy at the EPA Docket Center, Room 3334, EPA WJC West Building, 1301 Constitution Avenue NW., Washington, DC. The Public Reading Room is open from 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Monday through Friday, excluding legal holidays. The telephone number for the Public Reading Room is (202) 566-1744, and the telephone number for the EPA Docket Center is (202) 566-1742. Instructions. Direct your comments to Docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OAR- 2016-0664. The EPA's policy is that all comments received will be included in the public docket without change and may be made available online at http://www.regulations.gov, including any personal information provided, unless the comment includes information claimed to be CBI or other information whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Do not submit information that you consider to be CBI or otherwise protected through http://www.regulations.gov or email. The http://www.regulations.gov Web site is an ``anonymous access'' system, which means the EPA will not know your identity or contact information unless you provide it in the body of your comment. If you send an email comment directly to the EPA without going through http://www.regulations.gov, your email address will be automatically captured and included as part of the comment that is placed in the public docket and made available on the Internet. If you submit an electronic comment, the EPA recommends that you include your name and other contact information in the body of your comment and with any disk or CD-ROM you submit. If the EPA cannot read your comment due to technical difficulties and cannot contact you for clarification, the EPA may not be able to consider your comment. Electronic files should not include special characters or any form of encryption and be free of any defects or viruses. For additional information about the EPA's public docket, visit the EPA Docket Center homepage at http://www.epa.gov/dockets. Public Hearing. A public hearing will be held, if requested by January 17, 2017, to accept oral comments on this proposed action. If a hearing is requested, it will be held at the EPA WJC East Building, Room 1117A, located at 1201 Constitution Avenue NW., Washington, DC. The hearing, if requested, will begin at 9:00 a.m. (local time) and will conclude at 4:00 p.m. (local time) on January 30, 2017, or, January 26, 2017, whichever date is later. To request a hearing, to register to speak at a hearing, or to inquire if a hearing will be held, please contact Aimee St. Clair at (919) 541-1063 or by email at [email protected]. The last day to pre-register to speak at a hearing, if one is held, will be January 24, 2017. Additionally, requests to speak will be taken the day of the hearing at the hearing registration desk, although preferences on speaking times may not be able to be fulfilled. Please note that registration requests received before the hearing will be confirmed by the EPA via email. The EPA will make every effort to accommodate all speakers who arrive and register. Because the hearing will be held at a U.S. governmental facility, individuals planning to attend the hearing should be prepared to show valid picture identification to the security staff in order to gain access to the meeting room. Please note that the REAL ID Act, passed by Congress in 2005, established new requirements for entering federal facilities. If your driver's license is issued by Alaska, American Samoa, Arizona, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Montana, New York, Oklahoma or the state of Washington, you must present an additional form of identification to enter the federal building. Acceptable alternative forms of identification include: Federal employee badges, passports, enhanced driver's licenses and military identification cards. In addition, you will need to obtain a property pass for any personal belongings you bring with you. Upon leaving the building, you will be required to return this property pass to the security desk. No large signs will be allowed in the building, cameras may only be used outside of the building and demonstrations will not be [[Page 3555]] allowed on federal property for security reasons. Please note that any updates made to any aspect of the hearing, including whether or not a hearing will be held, will be posted online at https://www.epa.gov/stationary-sources-air-pollution/commercial-and-industrial-solid-waste-incineration-units-ciswi-new. We ask that you contact Aimee St. Clair at (919) 541-1063 or by email at [email protected] or monitor our Web site to determine if a hearing will be held. The EPA does not intend to publish a document in the Federal Register announcing any such updates. Please go to https://www.epa.gov/stationary-sources-air-pollution/commercial-and-industrial-solid-waste-incineration-units-ciswi-new for more information on the public hearing. Acronyms and Abbreviations. The following acronyms and abbreviations are used in this document. AG Attorney General CAA Clean Air Act CBI Confidential business information Cd Cadmium CFR Code of Federal Regulations CISWI Commercial and industrial solid waste incineration CO Carbon monoxide CPMS Continuous parameter monitoring system dscm Dry standard cubic meter EG Emission Guidelines EPA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ERU Energy recovery unit ESP Electrostatic precipitator FF Fabric filter HAP Hazardous air pollutants HCl Hydrogen chloride Hg Mercury IBR Incorporation by reference ICR Information collection request MACT Maximum achievable control technology mg/dscm Milligrams per dry standard cubic meter NAICS North American Industrial Classification System NESHAP National emission standards for hazardous air pollutants ng/dscm Nanograms per dry standard cubic meter NOX Nitrogen oxides NSPS New source performance standards NTTAA National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act OAQPS Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards OMB Office of Management and Budget Pb Lead PCB Hydrocarbons and polychlorinated biphenyls PCDD Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins PCDF Polychlorinated dibenzofurans PM Particulate matter (filterable, unless otherwise specified) PM2.5 Particulate matter (diameter less than or equal to 2.5 micrometers) ppm Parts per million ppmv Parts per million by volume ppmvd Parts per million by dry volume PS Performance Specification RCRA Resource Conservation and Recovery Act RIN Regulatory Information Number SO2 Sulfur dioxide The Court United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit Tpy Tons per year ug/dscm Micrograms per dry standard cubic meter UMRA Unfunded Mandates Reform Act U.S.C. United States Code VCS Voluntary consensus standards Organization of This Document. The following outline is provided to aid in locating information in this preamble. I. General Information A. Does the proposed action apply to me? B. What should I consider as I prepare my comments? II. Background Information A. What is the regulatory development background for this proposed rule? B. What is the purpose of this proposed rule? C. What is the status of state plan submittals? III. Affected Facilities A. What is a CISWI unit? B. Does the federal plan apply to me? C. How do I determine if my CISWI unit is covered by an approved and effective state plan? IV. Elements of the CISWI Federal Plan A. Legal Authority and Enforcement Mechanism B. Inventory of Affected CISWI Units C. Inventory of Emissions D. Compliance Schedules E. Emissions Limits and Operating Limits F. Operator Training and Qualification Requirements G. Testing, Monitoring, Recordkeeping, and Reporting Requirements H. Record of Public Hearings I. Progress Reports V. Summary of Proposed CISWI Federal Plan Requirements A. What are the proposed applicability requirements? B. What are the proposed compliance schedules? C. What emissions and operating limits is the EPA proposing to incorporate into the federal plan? D. What are the proposed performance testing and monitoring requirements? E. What are the proposed recordkeeping and reporting requirements? F. What are the other proposed requirements? VI. CISWI Units That Have or Will Shut Down A. Units That Plan to Close B. Inoperable Units C. CISWI Units That Have Shut Down VII. Implementation of the Federal Plan and Delegation A. Background of Authority B. Mechanisms for Transferring Authority C. Implementing Authority D. Delegation of the Federal Plan and Retained Authorities VIII. Title V Operating Permits A. Title V and Delegation of a Federal Plan IX. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews A. Executive Order 12866: Regulatory Planning and Review and Executive Order 13563: Improving Regulation and Regulatory Review B. Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA) C. Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA) D. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act (UMRA) E. Executive Order 13132: Federalism F. Executive Order 13175: Consultation and Coordination With Indian Tribal Governments G. Executive Order 13045: Protection of Children From Environmental Health Risks and Safety Risks H. Executive Order 13211: Actions That Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use I. National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act (NTTAA) and 1 CFR Part 51 J. Executive Order 12898: Federal Actions To Address Environmental Justice in Minority Populations and Low-Income Populations I. General Information A. Does the proposed action apply to me? Regulated Entities. Owners or operators of existing CISWI units that are subject to the existing federal plan implementing the December 1, 2000 EG, and units not already subject to an EPA-approved and effective state plan implementing the February 7, 2013, EG, may be regulated by this final action. Existing CISWI units are those that commenced construction on or before June 4, 2010 or that commenced modification or reconstruction after June 4, 2010 but no later than August 7, 2013. Regulated categories and entities include those that operate CISWI units. Although there is no specific North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code for CISWI units, these units may be operated by the categories of sources listed in Table 1: [[Page 3556]] Table 1--Examples of Potentially Regulated Entities ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Examples of Category NAICS \1\ Code potentially regulated entities ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Any industrial or commercial 211, 212, 486 Mining; oil and gas facility using a solid waste 221 exploration incinerator. operations; pipeline operators. Utility providers. 321, 322, 337 Manufacturers of wood products; manufacturers of pulp, paper and paperboard; manufacturers of furniture and related products. 325, 326 Manufacturers of chemicals and allied products; manufacturers of plastics and rubber products. 327 Manufacturers of cement; nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing. 333, 336 Manufacturers of machinery; manufacturers of transportation equipment. 423, 44 Merchant wholesalers, durable goods; retail trade. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ \1\ North American Industrial Classification System. This table is not intended to be exhaustive, but rather provides a general guide for identifying entities likely to be affected by the proposed action. To determine whether a facility would be affected by this action, please examine the applicability criteria in 40 CFR 62.14510 to 62.14525 of subpart III being proposed here. Questions regarding the applicability of this action to a particular entity should be directed to the person listed in the preceding FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section. B. What should I consider as I prepare my comments? Submitting CBI. Do not submit information that you consider to be CBI electronically through http://www.regulations.gov or email. For comments on the CISWI Federal Plan proposal, send or deliver information identified as CBI to only the following address: OAQPS Document Control Officer (Room C404-02), U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, Attn: Docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OAR-2016-0664. Clearly mark the part or all of the information that you claim to be CBI. For CBI on a disk or CD-ROM that you mail to the EPA, mark the outside of the disk or CD-ROM as CBI and then identify electronically within the disk or CD-ROM the specific information that is claimed as CBI. In addition to one complete version of the comment that includes information claimed as CBI, a copy of the comment that does not contain the information claimed as CBI must be submitted for inclusion in the public docket. Information marked as CBI will not be disclosed except in accordance with procedures set forth in 40 CFR part 2. If you have any questions about CBI or the procedures for claiming CBI, please consult the person identified in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section. World Wide Web (WWW). In addition to being available in the docket, an electronic copy of the proposed action is available on the Internet through the Technical Air Pollution Resources Web site. Following signature by the Administrator, the EPA will post a copy of this proposed action at https://www.epa.gov/stationary-sources-air-pollution/commercial-and-industrial-solid-waste-incineration-units-ciswi-new. The Technical Air Pollution Resources Web site provides information and technology exchange in various areas of air pollution control. Additional information is also available at the same Web site. II. Background Information A. What is the regulatory development background for this proposed rule? Section 129 of the Clean Air Act (CAA), titled, ``Solid Waste Combustion,'' requires the EPA to develop and adopt standards for solid waste incineration units pursuant to CAA sections 111 and 129. On March 21, 2011, the EPA promulgated revised new source performance standards (NSPS) and EG for CISWI units. Following this action, the Administrator received petitions for reconsideration that identified certain issues that warranted further opportunity for public comment. In response to the petitions, the EPA reconsidered and requested comment on several provisions of the February 2011 final NSPS and EG for CISWI incineration units. The EPA published the proposed revisions to the NSPS and EG for CISWI units on December 23, 2011 (76 FR 80452). On February 7, 2013, the EPA promulgated the final reconsidered NSPS and EG for CISWI units (78 FR 9112). The final rule made some revisions to the December 2011 proposed reconsideration rule in response to comments and additional information received. Following that action, the EPA again received petitions for reconsideration. These petitions stated certain provisions should be reconsidered and that the public lacked sufficient opportunity to comment on some of the provisions contained in the final 2013 CISWI rule. On January 21, 2015, the EPA reconsidered and requested comment on four provisions of the 2013 final NSPS and EG for CISWI units. Additionally, the EPA proposed clarifying changes and corrections to the final rule, some of which were raised in petitions for reconsideration of the 2013 CISWI rule. On June 23, 2016, the EPA promulgated the final reconsidered NSPS and EG for CISWI units (81 FR 40956). For a more detailed background and additional information on how this rule is related to other CAA combustion rules issued under CAA section 112 and the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) definition of solid waste, refer to prior documents (76 FR 15704, 78 FR 9112). Sections 111(b) and 129(a) of the CAA address emissions from new units (i.e., NSPS), and CAA sections 111(d) and 129(b) address emissions from existing units (i.e., EG). The NSPS are federal regulations directly enforceable upon CISWI units, and, under CAA section 129(f)(1), become effective 6 months after promulgation. Unlike the NSPS, the EG provide direction for developing state plans; however, the EG are not themselves directly enforceable. The EG are implemented and enforced under an EPA approved state or tribal plan or EPA adopted federal plan once the state, tribal, or federal plan has become effective. Section 129(b)(2) of the CAA directs states with existing CISWI unit(s) subject to the EG to submit plans to the EPA that implement and enforce the EG. The deadline for states to submit state plans to the EPA for review was February 7, 2014 (see 78 FR 9121-2, February 7, 2013).\1\ Sections 111 and 129(b)(3) of the CAA and 40 CFR 60.27(c) and (d) require the EPA to develop, implement and enforce a federal plan for CISWI units in any state without an approvable state plan within [[Page 3557]] 2 years after promulgation of the EG. This action proposes the CISWI Federal Plan. In this proposal, the EPA is soliciting comment only on the implementation of the final CISWI EG through the proposed federal plan. The EPA is not reopening the underlying CISWI rule for public comment and does not intend to address any comments on the underlying CISWI rule.\2\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ Several states did not submit plans to the EPA by this date. \2\ Many aspects of the CISWI rule were challenged in the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit (D.C. Circuit or Court) in American Forest and Paper Association (AFPA) v. EPA, and the Court rejected all challenges to the standards and other provisions being implemented in this federal plan. See AFPA v. EPA, 830 F.3d 579 (D.C. Cir. 2016). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- The EPA anticipates that facilities in approximately eight states and four U.S. territories will need to rely on the CISWI Federal Plan. B. What is the purpose of this proposed rule? Section 129(b)(2) of the CAA requires states to implement the EG for existing solid waste incineration units, including CISWI units. States with existing CISWI units were required to submit to the EPA within 1 year following promulgation of the EG (by February 7, 2014) state plans that are at least as protective as the EG. Sections 111 and 129 of the CAA and 40 CFR 60.27(c) and (d) require the EPA to develop, implement, and enforce a federal plan in states which have not submitted an approvable plan. The EPA is proposing the CISWI Federal Plan so that a promulgated federal plan will be effective in any state that fails to provide an approvable state plan, thus, ensuring implementation and enforcement of the final CISWI EG. The regulations require states without any existing CISWI units to submit to the Administrator a letter of negative declaration certifying that there are no CISWI units in the state (See 40 CFR 62.06). No plan is required for states that do not have any CISWI units. CISWI units located in states that mistakenly submit a letter of negative declaration are subject to the federal plan, once effective, until a state plan regulating those CISWI units is approved. State plans that have been submitted to implement the final CISWI EG,\3\ have either been approved or are currently undergoing EPA review. This proposed CISWI Federal Plan will implement the final CISWI EG in those states that do not have an approved state plan in place by the effective date of this federal plan. If a state or tribal plan is approved in part, the federal plan will apply to the affected CISWI units in lieu of the disapproved portions of the state plan until the state or tribe addresses the deficiencies in the state plan and the revised state plan is approved by the EPA. Prior to any disapproval, the EPA will work with states and tribes to attempt to reconcile areas of the plan that remain inconsistent with the EG. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \3\ The ``final CISWI EG'' means the provision of 40 CFR part 60, subpart DDDD, including the revisions published on June 23, 2016 (81 FR 40956). As noted in the June 23 2016 preamble, the final CISWI EG action granted reconsideration and addressed certain aspects of the February 7 2013, rule, which itself was issued to grant reconsideration of aspects of the March 21 2011, rule. See Section II.A of this preamble for more discussion on the background of the final CISWI EG. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Incineration of solid waste at commercial and industrial facilities causes the release of a wide array of air pollutants, some of which exist in the waste feed material and are released unchanged during combustion, and some of which are generated as a result of the combustion process itself.\4\ The EPA estimated in the 2013 rule that once the state plans and federal plan become effective, a total emissions reduction of the regulated pollutants would occur as follows: Acid gases (i.e., hydrogen chloride (HCl) and sulfur dioxoide (SO2 )), about 7,046 tons per year (tpy); particulate matter (PM) about 2,401 tpy; non-Hg metals (i.e., lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd)) about 4.5 tpy; carbon monoxide (CO) about 20,000 tpy; nitrogen oxide (NOX ) about 5,399 tpy; and mercury (Hg) about 688 pounds per year. The EPA also estimated that air pollution control devices installed to comply with the 2013 rule would also effectively reduce emissions of pollutants such as 7-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB).\5\ The 2016 rule did not significantly change the emission reduction estimates presented in the 2013 rule, other than estimating slightly less in PM reductions for the waste- burning kiln subcategory (See 81 FR 40969, June 23, 2016). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \4\ See 78 FR 9131-9133 to reference the impacts of the EG adopted on February 7, 2013. \5\ See 75 FR 31970 (June 4, 2010), where polycyclic organic matter (POM) and polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) emission reductions are discussed. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- C. What is the status of state plan submittals? Sections 111(d) and 129(b)(3) of the CAA, 42 U.S.C. 7411(d) and 7429(b)(3), authorize and require the EPA to develop and implement a federal plan for CISWI units located in states with no approved and effective state plan. Table 2 below lists the status of state plans as of the signature date for this proposal. Additionally, Table 2 lists states and local agencies that submitted negative declarations and/or those which have indicated that they intend to take delegation of the federal plan. Table 2--Status of State and Territory Plans ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Status States ------------------------------------------------------------------------ I. EPA-Approved Implementation Plans... None so far. II. Indicated intent to Submit Negative Massachusetts; Delaware; Declarations to the EPA. Maryland; North Carolina; Georgia; Mississippi; Minnesota; Arizona; California; Hawaii; Idaho. III. Negative Declaration Submitted to Connecticut; New Hampshire; the EPA. Vermont; Rhode Island; Virgin Islands; District of Columbia; New Mexico; City of Albuquerque; Montana. IV. Final Implementation Plans Alabama; Florida; South Submitted to the EPA. Carolina; North Dakota; Oregon. V. Draft Implementation Plans Submitted West Virginia; Virginia. to the EPA. VI. EPA Has Not Received a Draft or New York; Illinois; Indiana; Final Implementation Plan or Negative Texas; Louisiana; Oklahoma; Declaration. Arkansas; Kansas; Missouri; Nebraska; Utah; Wyoming; South Dakota; Washington. VII. Indicated Intent to Submit State Kentucky; Tennessee; Michigan; Implementation Plan to the EPA. Colorado. VIII. Indicated Intent to Accept Maine; New Jersey; Puerto Rico; Delegation of Federal Plan. Pennsylvania. IX. Indicated Intent to Accept Federal Ohio; Wisconsin; Iowa; Nevada; Plan Implementation by the EPA. American Samoa; Guam; Alaska; Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [[Page 3558]] As the EPA Regional offices approve implementation plans, they will also, in the same action, amend the appropriate subpart of 40 CFR part 62 to codify their approvals. The EPA will maintain a list of implementation plan submittals and approvals on the Technical Air Pollution Resources Web site at https://www.epa.gov/stationary-sources-air-pollution/commercial-and-industrial-solid-waste-incineration-units-ciswi-new. The list will help CISWI unit owners or operators determine whether their CISWI units are affected by a state plan or the federal plan. CISWI owners or operators can also contact the EPA Regional office for the state in which their CISWI units are located to determine whether there is an approved and effective state plan in place. Table 3 lists the names, email addresses, and telephone numbers of the EPA Regional office contacts and the states and territories that they cover. Table 3--Regional Office Contacts ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Region Regional contact Phone States and territories ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Region I........................ Patrick Bird, (617) 918-1287 Connecticut, Massachusetts, [email protected]. Maine, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Vermont. Region II....................... Ted Gardella, (212) 637-3892 New York, New Jersey, Puerto [email protected]. Rico, Virgin Islands. Region III...................... Mike Gordon, (215) 814-2039 Virginia, Delaware, District of [email protected]. Columbia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia. Region IV....................... Keith Goff, (404) 562-9137 Florida, Georgia, North [email protected]. (404) 562-9208 Carolina, Alabama, Kentucky, Jason Dressler, (404) 562-9013 Mississippi, South Carolina, [email protected]. Tennessee. Mark Bloeth, [email protected]. Region V........................ Margaret Sieffert, (312) 353-1151 Minnesota, Wisconsin, Illinois, [email protected]. Indiana, Michigan, Ohio. Region VI....................... Kenneth Boyce, (214) 665-7259 Arkansas, Louisiana, New [email protected]. Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas. Region VII...................... Lisa Hanlon, (913) 551-7599 Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, [email protected]. Nebraska. Region VIII..................... Ethan Aumann, (303) 312-6773 Colorado, Montana, North [email protected]. Dakota, South Dakota, Utah, Wyoming. Region IX....................... Shaheera Kelly, (415) 972-3943 Arizona, California, Hawaii, [email protected]. (415) 972-3965 Nevada, American Samoa, Guam, Mark Sims, Northern Mariana Islands. [email protected]. Region X........................ Katharine Owens, (206) 553-1023 Washington. [email protected]. John Pavitt, (907) 271-3688 Alaska. [email protected]. (206) 553-2117 Idaho, Oregon. Madonna Narvaez, [email protected]. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- III. Affected Facilities A. What is a CISWI unit? A ``CISWI'' unit is any unit located at a commercial or industrial facility that combusts any amount of solid waste, as defined in 40 CFR part 241, that is not otherwise exempted from CISWI. See 40 CFR 60.2555 (listing solid waste incineration units that are not subject to CISWI). The affected facility under CISWI is each individual CISWI unit. This proposed federal plan defines four subcategories for existing CISWI units in 40 CFR part 62.14840 of subpart III: Incinerators (i.e., units designed to burn discarded waste materials for the purpose of disposal); small, remote incinerators; energy recovery units (ERUs) (i.e., units that would be boilers or process heaters if they did not combust solid waste); and waste burning kilns (i.e., units that would be cement kilns if they did not combust solid waste). We have further subcategorized ERUs into three subcategories and waste burning kilns into two subcategories for CO emission limits only. B. Does the federal plan apply to me? The federal plan will apply to the owner or operator of an existing CISWI unit that was constructed on or before June 4, 2010, or commenced modification or reconstruction after June 4, 2010, but no later than August 7, 2013, and that is not subject to an approved and effective state plan as of the effective date of the final federal plan notice.\6\ The federal plan would apply to the CISWI unit until the EPA approves a state plan that regulates the CISWI unit and that state plan becomes effective.\7\ If the construction of a CISWI unit began after June 4, 2010, or modification of a CISWI unit began after August 7, 2013, the unit is a new CISWI unit and would be subject to the NSPS at 40 CFR part 60, subpart CCCC. The specific applicability of the proposed federal plan is described at 40 CFR 62.14510 through 62.14531 of subpart III in the proposed rule. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \6\ The federal plan will become effective 30 days after final promulgation. \7\ A state plan is effective on the date specified in the document published in the Federal Register announcing the EPA's approval of the plan. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- This action will not preclude states from submitting a state plan at a later time. If a state submits a plan after the promulgation of the CISWI Federal Plan, the EPA will review and approve or disapprove the state plan.\8\ If the EPA approves a plan, then the CISWI Federal Plan will no longer apply to CISWI units covered by the state plan. If a CISWI unit was overlooked by a state and the state submitted a negative declaration letter, or if an individual CISWI unit was not covered by an approved and effective state plan, the CISWI unit would be subject to the federal plan after the effective date of the final plan. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \8\ An approved state plan is a plan developed by a state that the EPA has reviewed and approved based on the requirements in 40 CFR part 60, subpart B, to implement 40 CFR part 60, subpart DDDD. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- C. How do I determine if my CISWI unit is covered by an approved and effective state plan? Part 62 of Title 40 of the CFR identifies the status of approval and promulgation of CAA section 111(d) and CAA section 129(b) state plans for designated facilities in each state. However, the print version of 40 CFR part 62 is updated only once per year. Thus, if 40 CFR part 62 does not indicate that a state has an approved and effective plan, please contact the state environmental agency's air director or the EPA's Regional office (see Table 3 in section II.C of this preamble) to determine if a state plan was approved since publication of the most recent version of 40 CFR part 62. Also note that the Electronic Code of Federal [[Page 3559]] Regulations (http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/ECFR?page=browse) is updated periodically, so may be a better source to obtain an update on state plan status. IV. Elements of the CISWI Federal Plan Sections 111(d) and 129 of the CAA, as amended, 42 U.S.C. 7411(d) and 7429(b)(2), require states to develop and implement state plans for CISWI units to implement and enforce the final EG. Accordingly, subpart DDDD of 40 CFR part 60 requires states to submit state plans that include specified elements. Because this proposed federal plan will establish standards in the absence of an approved and effective state plan, this proposed plan includes the same essential elements as a state plan: (1) Identification of legal authority and mechanisms for implementation; (2) inventory of CISWI units; (3) emissions inventory; (4) compliance schedules; (5) emissions limits and operating limits; (6) operator training and qualification; (7) testing, monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting; (8) public hearing; and (9) progress reporting. See Proposed regulations at 40 CFR part 62, subpart III and sections 111 and 129 of the CAA. Below, we explain the proposed federal plan elements in detail. A. Legal Authority and Enforcement Mechanism Sections 111(d) and 129(b)(3) of the CAA direct the EPA to develop a federal plan for states that do not submit approvable state plans. Sections 111 and 129 of the CAA provide the EPA with the authority to implement and enforce the federal plan in cases where the state fails to submit a satisfactory state plan. Pursuant to section 129(f)(2), compliance with the EG cannot be later than 5 years after the relevant EG are promulgated (i.e., by February 7, 2018).\9\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \9\ See 78 FR 9125-6 (February 7, 2013) for further discussion on compliance dates. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- B. Inventory of Affected CISWI Units The docket for the proposed federal plan includes an inventory of the CISWI units that may potentially be covered by this federal plan in the absence of approved state plans. (See Docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OAR- 2016-0664 and 40 CFR 62.14521.) This inventory contains 106 CISWI units in 28 states. It is based on information collected from EPA Regions, states, CISWI facilities, and review of existing CISWI inventories, title V permits, emissions test reports, and facility Web sites. The EPA recognizes that this list may not be complete. Therefore, sources potentially subject to this proposed federal plan may include, but are not limited to, the CISWI units listed in Docket No. EPA-HQ-OAR-2016- 0664. Any unit that meets the applicability criteria in the proposed federal plan rule will be subject to the federal plan, regardless of whether it is listed in the inventory. The EPA requests that states or individuals identify additional sources for inclusion on the list during the comment period for this proposal. C. Inventory of Emissions This proposed federal plan includes emissions estimates for existing CISWI units. The pollutants inventoried are Cd, CO, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/ PCDF), HCl, Pb, Hg, PM, NOX , and SO2 . For this proposal, the EPA has estimated the emissions from each known CISWI unit that potentially may be covered by the proposed federal plan for the nine pollutants regulated by the EG and covered by the proposed federal plan. The emissions inventory is based on available information about CISWI units and typical emissions rates developed for calculating nationwide air impacts of the EG. Refer to the inventory memorandum ``CISWI Federal Plan Inventory,'' December 9, 2016 in Docket No. EPA- HQ-OAR-2016-0664 for the complete updated emissions inventory. D. Compliance Schedules The CAA provides that owners or operators of affected CISWI units must comply no later than 5 years after the effective date of the final CISWI EG (i.e., February 7, 2018) or within 3 years from state plan approval (or promulgation of a federal plan), whichever is earlier. See CAA section 129(f)(2). The EPA aims to take final action on this proposal in 2017 and, thus, proposes to allow the maximum time statutorily permitted for compliance with the federal plan, that is until February 7, 2018. E. Emissions Limits and Operating Limits The proposed federal plan contains emissions limits that correspond to the final CISWI EG. (See 40 CFR 62.14630 through 62.14645.) The emissions limits in this proposed CISWI Federal Plan are the same as those contained in the final CISWI EG. (See proposed Table 5 of this preamble.) This action does not revise the final limits; instead, it simply implements the previously promulgated limits for existing sources in states that have not adopted a state plan. Section V.C of this preamble discusses the final CISWI EG emissions limits. F. Operator Training and Qualification Requirements The proposed federal plan requires that the owner or operator must qualify operators or their supervisors (at least one per facility) by ensuring that they complete an operator training course and annual review or refresher course. (See 40 CFR 62.14595 through 62.14625.) This proposed federal plan also contains operator training and qualification requirements that correspond to the final CISWI EG. G. Testing, Monitoring, Recordkeeping, and Reporting Requirements The proposed federal plan includes testing, monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting requirements. (See 40 CFR 62.14650 through 62.14760.) These proposed requirements correspond with the final CISWI EG. Testing, monitoring, recordkeeping and reporting requirements will assure initial and ongoing compliance. H. Record of Public Hearings This proposed federal plan provides an opportunity for public participation in adopting the plan. If requested to do so, the EPA will hold a public hearing at the EPA's office buildings in Washington, DC. A record of the public hearing, if any, will appear in Docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OAR-2016-0664. If a public hearing is requested and held, the EPA may ask clarifying questions during the oral presentation, but will not respond to the presentations or comments at that time. Written statements and supporting information submitted during the public comment period will be considered with equivalent weight as any oral statement and supporting information subsequently presented at a public hearing, if held. I. Progress Reports The proposed federal plan requests that the EPA Regional Offices prepare annual progress reports to show the progress of CISWI units toward implementation of the EG. States that have been delegated the authority to implement and enforce this federal plan will be required to submit annual progress reports to the appropriate EPA Regional Office as part of their delegation (See section VII.D). Each progress report must include the following items: (1) Status of enforcement actions; (2) identification of sources that have shut down or started operation; (3) emissions inventory data for sources that were not in operation at the time of plan development, but that began operation during the reporting period; (4) [[Page 3560]] additional data as necessary to update previously submitted source and emissions information; and (5) copies of technical reports on any performance testing and monitoring. The EPA plans to request that the EPA Regional offices prepare progress reports to show the progress of CISWI units towards the implementation of EG. V. Summary of Proposed CISWI Federal Plan Requirements The proposed CISWI Federal Plan requirements are described below. Table 4 lists each element and identifies where it is located or codified. Table 4--Elements of the Proposed CISWI Federal Plan ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Element of the CISWI Federal Plan Location ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Legal authority and enforcement Sections 129(b)(3), 111(d), mechanism. 301(a), and 301(d)(4) of the CAA. Inventory of affected CISWI units...... Docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OAR-2016- 0664. Inventory of emissions................. Docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OAR-2016- 0664. Compliance schedules................... 40 CFR 62.14535 to 62.14575. Emissions limits and operating limits.. 40 CFR 62.14630 to 62.14645. Operator training and qualification.... 40 CFR 62.14595 to 62.14625. Testing, monitoring, recordkeeping and 40 CFR 62.14650 to 62.14760. reporting. Record of public hearings.............. Docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OAR-2016- 0664. Progress reports....................... Section IV.I of this preamble. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ A. What are the proposed applicability requirements? The proposed federal plan applicability reflects the final CISWI EG. The proposed federal plan applies to existing CISWI units meeting the applicability of 40 CFR 62.14510 that are located in any state that does not currently have an approved state plan in place. Existing CISWI units are all CISWI units for which construction commenced on or before June 4, 2010. All CISWI units for which construction commenced after June 4, 2010, or for which modification or reconstruction commenced after August 7, 2013, are ``new'' sources subject to NSPS emissions limits (40 CFR part 60, subpart CCCC). The federal plan requirements apply to owners and/or operators of incineration units combusting solid waste (as defined under RCRA) and located at commercial or industrial facilities (i.e., CISWI units (as defined in the proposed rule at 40 CFR 62.14840)). Four subcategories are defined for existing units: incinerators (i.e., units designed to burn discarded waste materials for the purpose of disposal); small, remote incinerators; ERUs (i.e., units that would be boilers or process heaters if they did not combust solid waste); and waste burning kilns (i.e., units that would be cement kilns if they did not combust solid waste). The final CISWI EG further subcategorized ERUs into three subcategories and waste burning kilns into two subcategories for CO emission limits only. B. What are the proposed compliance schedules? The proposed federal plan requires owners or operators of CISWI units to come into compliance by February 7, 2018. The final CISWI EG included increments of progress in the compliance schedule. However, we are not including increments of progress as a compliance pathway for the proposed federal plan. Increments of progress were included in the EG to establish obligations that would apply to sources planning to take more than one year from approval of the state plan to comply. The increments would help ensure that sources planning to take more than one year to comply would make some incremental progress toward compliance after the first year. The increments did not require any additional action within one year of approval of a state plan (or promulgation of a federal plan). The EPA aims to take final action on this proposal in 2017. As explained above (see section IV.D of this preamble), the statute requires all sources to fully comply by February 2018 (i.e., 5 years after promulgation of the relevant EG). As explained above, the increments of progress contained in the final EG do not require any additional action within one year of promulgation of a federal plan. Thus, including the increments of progress in this federal plan would serve no meaningful purpose and may create confusion. For this reason, the EPA is not proposing to include increments of progress in this federal plan. If a CISWI unit does not achieve final compliance by February 7, 2018, the proposed federal plan requires the CISWI unit to shut down by February 7, 2018, complete the retrofit while not operating, and be in compliance upon restarting. A CISWI unit that operates out of compliance after the final compliance date would be in violation of the federal plan and subject to enforcement action. C. What emissions and operating limits is the EPA proposing to incorporate into the federal plan? The EPA proposes to incorporate the EG emissions and operating limits from the final CISWI EG into this proposed CISWI Federal Plan. Table 5 of this preamble summarizes the EG emissions limits promulgated, as well as provides the existing CISWI Federal Plan emission limits (currently applicable only to existing incinerators) for comparison. Existing sources may comply with either the PCDD/PCDF toxicity equivalence or total mass balance emission limits. These standards apply at all times. Facilities will be required to establish site-specific operating limits derived from the results of performance testing. The site-specific operating limits are established as the minimum (or maximum, as appropriate) operating parameter value measured during the performance test. These operating limits will result in achievable operating ranges that will ensure that the control devices used for compliance will be operated to achieve continuous compliance with the emissions limits. Further discussion on performance testing can be found in section V.D of this preamble. [[Page 3561]] Table 5--Summary of EG Emissions Limits Promulgated for Existing CISWI Units -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CISWI Subcategories Incinerators -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pollutant (units) \1\ (2000 CISWI ERUs--liquid/ Small, remote limit) Incinerators ERUs--solids gas Waste-burning kilns incinerators -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- HCl (parts per million by volume 62 29 0.20 (biomass units)/58 14 3.0.................... 300 (ppmv)). (coal units). CO (ppmv)............................ 157 17 260 (biomass units)/95 35 110 (long kilns)/790 64 (coal units). (preheater/ precalciner). Pb (mg/dscm)......................... 0.04 0.015 0.014 (biomass units)/ 0.096 0.014.................. 2.1 0.057 (coal units). Cd (mg/dscm)......................... 0.004 0.0026 0.0014 (biomass units)/ 0.023 0.0014................. 0.95 0.0017 (coal units). Hg (mg/dscm)......................... 0.47 0.0048 0.0022 (biomass units)/ 0.0024 0.011.................. 0.0053 0.013 (coal units). PM, filterable (mg/dscm)............. 70 34 11 (biomass units)/130 110 13.5................... 270 (coal units). Dioxin, furans, total (ng/dscm)...... (no limit) 4.6 0.52 (biomass units)/5.1 2.9 1.3.................... 4,400 (coal units). Dioxins and furans, TEQ (nanograms 0.41 0.13 0.12 (biomass units)/ 0.32 0.075.................. 180 per dry standard cubic meter (ng/ 0.075 (coal units). dscm)). NOX (ppmv)........................... 388 53 290 (biomass units)/460 76 630.................... 190 (coal units). SO2 (ppmv)........................... 20 11 7.3 (biomass units)/850 720 600.................... 150 (coal units). -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ All emission limits are expressed as concentrations corrected to 7 percent O2. D. What are the proposed performance testing and monitoring requirements? The EPA is proposing several performance testing and monitoring provisions amendments to the current 2003 CISWI Federal Plan that are consistent with the requirements of the final CISWI EG. The following paragraphs list a number of testing and monitoring requirements in the final CISWI EG that are being proposed in the CISWI Federal Plan. 1. Performance Testing and Monitoring The proposed federal plan requires all CISWI units to demonstrate initial and continuous compliance with the final CISWI EG emission limits. These provisions require initial and annual performance tests and initial and annual inspections of scrubbers, fabric filters (FF), and other air pollution control devices that are used to meet the emission limits. In addition, a Method 22 (40 CFR part 60, appendix A- 7) visible emissions test of the ash handling operations is required during the initial and annual compliance test for all subcategories except waste-burning kilns, which do not have ash handling systems. Furthermore, for any CISWI unit that operates a FF air pollution control device, we are requiring that a bag leak detection system be installed to monitor the device. The proposed federal plan continues to require parametric monitoring of all other add-on air pollution control devices, such as wet scrubbers, dry scrubbers and activated carbon injection (ACI). CISWI units that install selective non-catalytic reduction technology to reduce NOX emissions are required to monitor the reagent (e.g., ammonia or urea) injection rate and secondary chamber temperature (if applicable to the CISWI unit). This proposed federal plan also requires subcategory-specific monitoring requirements in addition to the aforementioned inspection, bag leak detection, and parametric monitoring requirements that are applicable to all CISWI units. Existing incinerators, small, remote incinerators, and ERUs would have annual emissions testing for all nine pollutants: PM, SO2 , HCl, NOX , CO, Pb, Cd, Hg, and dioxins and furans. Waste-burning kilns are required to monitor Hg and HCl (if no scrubber) emissions using a continuous emissions monitoring system, monitor PM emissions using a PM continuous parameter monitoring system (PM CPMS), and perform annual testing for the remaining pollutants. The proposed federal plan provides reduced annual testing requirements for all nine pollutants when testing results are shown to be well below the limits. If an ERU has a design capacity greater than 250 Million British Thermal units per hour, we are requiring a PM CPMS for PM monitoring for these units. For the PM CPMS, the EPA is further requiring that a site-specific parametric operating limit be established during the performance test, that there be continuous monitoring of that parametric limit using a PM CPMS, that four deviations within a 12-month operating period constitutes a violation and triggers immediate corrective action and a Method 5 performance test within 30 days with an additional 15 days to reestablish a site- specific operating limit. Consistent with the final CISWI EG, we propose that all operating parameter averaging for ERU units be on a 30-day rolling average and allow the sorbent injection parameter to be adjusted based on the ERU's load. These testing and monitoring provisions reflect those in the final CISWI EG. The proposed federal plan incorporates by reference three alternatives to the EPA reference test methods as shown in Table 6 below. Table 6--List of Incorporation by Reference (IBR) ------------------------------------------------------------------------ IBR in 40 CFR Test method Publisher part 62, subpart III ------------------------------------------------------------------------ ANSI/ASME PTC 19.10-1981, Flue Available for purchase Sec. Sec. and Exhaust Gas Analyses from the American 62.14670(s)(1)( [Part 10, Instruments and Society of Mechanical i), Apparatus]. Engineers (ASME), 62.14670(s)(1)( Three Park Avenue, ii), New York, NY 10016- 62.14670(t)(1)( 5990, https:// ii), and www.asme.org/. 62.14670(t)(4)( i). [[Page 3562]] ASTM D6784-02 (Reapproved Available for purchase Sec. Sec. 2008) Standard Test Method from at least one of 62.14670(j), for Elemental, Oxidized, the following and Tables 1, Particle-Bound and Total addresses: American 5, 6, and 8 to Mercury in Flue Gas Generated Society for Testing subpart III. from Coal-Fired Stationary and Materials (ASTM), Sources (Ontario Hydro 100 Barr Harbor Method), approved April 1, Drive, Post Office 2008. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959; or ProQuest, 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48106, http://www.astm.org/. OAQPS Fabric Filter Bag Leak Available from the Sec. Sec. Detection Guidance, EPA-454/R- U.S. Environmental 62.14670(r)(3). 98-015, September 1997. Protection Agency, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue NW., Washington, DC 20460, (202) 272-0167, http://www.epa.gov. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ These tests are discussed further in section IX.I of this preamble, titled ``National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act (NTTAA) and 1 CFR part 51.'' 2. Electronic Data Submittal The EPA is proposing that owners and operators of CISWI units are required to submit electronic copies of certain required performance test reports through the EPA's Central Data Exchange (CDX) using the Compliance and Emissions Data Reporting Interface (CEDRI). This mirrors the final CISWI EG for CISWI units. The EPA believes that the electronic submittal of the reports addressed in this proposed rulemaking will increase the usefulness of the data contained in those reports, is in keeping with current trends in data availability, will further assist in the protection of public health and the environment and will ultimately result in less burden on the regulated community. It also will improve compliance by facilitating the ability of regulated facilities to demonstrate compliance and the ability of air agencies and the EPA to assess and determine compliance. Under current requirements, paper reports are often stored in filing cabinets or boxes, which make the reports more difficult to obtain and use for data analysis and sharing. Electronic storage of such reports would make data more accessible for review, analyses, and sharing. Electronic reporting can also eliminate paper-based, manual processes, thereby saving time and resources, simplifying data entry, eliminating redundancies, minimizing data reporting errors and providing data quickly and accurately to the affected facilities, air agencies, the EPA and the public. In 2011, in response to Executive Order 13563, the EPA developed a plan \10\ to periodically review its regulations to determine if they should be modified, streamlined, expanded or repealed in an effort to make regulations more effective and less burdensome. The plan includes replacing outdated paper reporting with electronic reporting. In keeping with this plan and the White House's Digital Government Strategy,\11\ in 2013 the EPA issued an agency-wide policy specifying that new regulations will require reports to be electronic to the maximum extent possible. By requiring electronic submission of specified reports in this proposed rule, the EPA is taking steps to implement this policy. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \10\ EPA's Final Plan for Periodic Retrospective Reviews, August 2011. Available at: http://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-09/documents/eparetroreviewplan-aug2011_0.pdf. \11\ Digital Government: Building a 21st Century Platform to Better Serve the American People, May 2012. Available at: https://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/omb/egov/digital-government/digital-government-strategy.pdf. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- The EPA Web site that stores the submitted electronic data, WebFIRE, will be easily accessible to everyone and will provide a user- friendly interface that any stakeholder could access. By making data readily available, electronic reporting increases the amount of data that can be used for many purposes. One example is the development of emissions factors. An emissions factor is a representative value that attempts to relate the quantity of a pollutant released to the atmosphere with an activity associated with the release of that pollutant (e.g., kilograms of particulate emitted per megagram of coal burned). Such factors facilitate the estimation of emissions from various sources of air pollution and are an important tool in developing emissions inventories, which in turn are the basis for numerous efforts, including trends analysis, regional and local scale air quality modeling, regulatory impact assessments, and human exposure modeling. Emissions factors are also widely used in regulatory applicability determinations and in permitting decisions. The EPA has received feedback from stakeholders asserting that many of the EPA's emissions factors are outdated or not representative of a particular industry emission source. While the EPA believes that the emissions factors are suitable for their intended purpose, we recognize that the quality of emissions factors varies based on the extent and quality of underlying data. We also recognize that emissions profiles on different pieces of equipment can change over time due to a number of factors (fuel changes, equipment improvements, industry work practices), and it is important for emissions factors to be updated to keep up with these changes. The EPA is currently pursuing emissions factor development improvements that include procedures to incorporate the source test data that we are proposing be submitted electronically. By requiring the electronic submission of the reports identified in this proposed action, the EPA would be able to access and use the submitted data to update emissions factors more quickly and efficiently, creating factors that are characteristic of what is currently representative of the relevant industry sector. Likewise, an increase in the number of test reports used to develop the emissions factors will provide more confidence that the factor is of higher quality and representative of the whole industry sector. Additionally, by making the records, data, and reports addressed in this proposed rulemaking readily available, the EPA, the regulated community, and the public will benefit when the EPA conducts its CAA- required technology and risk-based reviews. As a result of having performance test reports and air emission reports readily accessible, our ability to carry out comprehensive reviews will be increased and achieved within a shorter period of time. These data will provide useful information on control efficiencies being achieved and maintained in practice within a source [[Page 3563]] category and across source categories for regulated sources and pollutants. These reports can also be used to inform the technology- review process by providing information on improvements to add-on control technology and new control technology. Under an electronic reporting system, the EPA's Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards (OAQPS) would have air emissions and performance test data in hand; OAQPS would not have to collect these data from the EPA Regional offices or from delegated air agencies or industry sources in cases where these reports are not submitted to the EPA Regional offices. Thus, we anticipate fewer or less substantial information collection requests (ICRs) in conjunction with prospective CAA-required technology and risk-based reviews may be needed. We expect this to result in a decrease in time spent by industry to respond to data collection requests. We also expect the ICRs to contain less extensive stack testing provisions, as we will already have stack test data electronically. Reduced testing requirements would be a cost savings to industry. The EPA should also be able to conduct these required reviews more quickly, as OAQPS will not have to include the ICR collection time in the process or spend time collecting reports from the EPA Regional Offices. While the regulated community may benefit from a reduced burden of ICRs, the general public benefits from the agency's ability to provide these required reviews more quickly, resulting in increased public health and environmental protection. Electronic reporting could minimize submission of unnecessary or duplicative reports in cases where facilities report to multiple government agencies and the agencies opt to rely on the EPA's electronic reporting system to view report submissions. Where air agencies continue to require a paper copy of these reports and will accept a hard copy of the electronic report, facilities will have the option to print paper copies of the electronic reporting forms to submit to the air agencies, and, thus, minimize the time spent reporting to multiple agencies. Additionally, maintenance and storage costs associated with retaining paper records could likewise be minimized by replacing those records with electronic records of electronically submitted data and reports. Air agencies could benefit from more streamlined and automated review of the electronically submitted data. For example, because the performance test data would be readily-available in a standard electronic format, air agencies would be able to review reports and data electronically rather than having to conduct a review of the reports and data manually. Having reports and associated data in electronic format will facilitate review through the use of software ``search'' options, as well as the downloading and analyzing of data in spreadsheet format. Additionally, air agencies would benefit from the reported data being accessible to them through the EPA's electronic reporting system wherever and whenever they want or need access (as long as they have access to the Internet). The ability to access and review air emission report information electronically will assist air agencies to more quickly and accurately determine compliance with the applicable regulations, potentially allowing a faster response to violations which could minimize harmful air emissions. This benefits both air agencies and the general public. The proposed electronic reporting of data is consistent with electronic data trends (e.g., electronic banking and income tax filing). Electronic reporting of environmental data is already common practice in many media offices at the EPA. The changes being proposed in this rulemaking are needed to continue the EPA's transition to electronic reporting. E. What are the proposed recordkeeping and reporting requirements? The EPA is proposing requirements that reflect those finalized in the final CISWI EG. The federal plan requires that records of all initial and all subsequent stack or performance specification (PS) tests, deviation reports, operating parameter data, continuous monitoring data, maintenance and inspections of air pollution control devices, monitoring plan, and operator training and qualification must be maintained for 5 years. The results of the stack tests and PS test and values for operating parameters are required to be included in initial and subsequent compliance reports. Any incident of deviation, resumed operation following shutdown, force majeure, intent to stop or start use of Continuous Regulatory Systems (CMS), and intent of conducting or rescheduling a performance test are required to be reported to the Administrator. Furthermore, final compliance reports are required following the completion of each requirement and identifying any missed requirement. See section V.B of this preamble for a more detailed discussion of the compliance schedules. F. What are the other proposed requirements? As discussed in several portions of this preamble, we are proposing requirements for the federal plan to make it consistent with the final CISWI EG. While many of these requirements were significantly different from those currently in the CISWI Federal Plan, there are some that differ very little, if at all. Some requirements that differ little from those in the current CISWI Federal Plan include the requirements for owners or operators of existing CISWI units to meet operator training and qualification requirements, which include: Ensuring that at least one operator or supervisor per facility complete the operator training course, that qualified operator(s) or supervisor(s) complete an annual review or refresher course specified in the regulation, and that they maintain plant-specific information, updated annually, regarding training. Another such requirement is that owners or operators of existing CISWI units are required to submit a monitoring plan for any CMS or bag leak detection system used to comply with the rule. VI. CISWI Units That Have or Will Shut Down A. Units That Plan to Close The proposed federal plan establishes that if owners or operators plan to permanently close currently operating CISWI units, they must do so and submit a closure notification to the Administrator by August 7, 2017. The proposed requirements for closing a CISWI unit will be set forth at 40 CFR 62.14570, subpart III. Conversely, the CISWI requirements do apply to a ``mothballed unit'' or inactive unit, where a unit does not operate, but it is not rendered inoperable. Until such time as a unit is permanently closed, it must comply with any applicable requirements of the federal plan. In addition, while still in operation, the CISWI unit is subject to the same requirements for title V operating permits that apply to units that will continue to operate. B. Inoperable Units The federal plan provides that in cases where a CISWI unit has already shut down permanently and has been rendered inoperable (e.g., waste charge door is welded shut, stack is removed, combustion air blowers removed, burners or fuel supply equipment are removed), the CISWI unit may be left off the source inventory in a state plan or this proposed federal plan. A CISWI [[Page 3564]] unit that has been rendered inoperable would not be covered by the federal plan. C. CISWI Units That Have Shut Down The unit inventory for this federal plan includes any CISWI unit known to have already shut down (but not known to be inoperable). 1. Restarting Before the Final Compliance Date If the owner or operator of an inactive CISWI unit plans to restart before the final compliance date, the owner or operator must achieve final compliance by February 7, 2018. 2. Restarting After the Final Compliance Date Under the proposed federal plan, if the owner or operator of a CISWI unit closes the CISWI unit, but restarts the unit after the final compliance date of February 7, 2018, the owner or operator must complete emission control retrofits and meet the emissions and operating limits on the date the CISWI unit restarts operation. Within 6 months of the unit startup, operator(s) of these CISWI units would have to complete the operator training and qualification requirements. Within 60 days of installing an air pollution control device, operator(s) must conduct a unit inspection. Performance testing to demonstrate initial compliance would also be required as described at 40 CFR 62.14650. A CISWI unit may not use the provisions to close the CISWI unit and restart after the compliance date to gain an effective ``extension'' of the operator training and qualification requirements or initial compliance requirements. A CISWI unit that operates out of compliance after the final compliance date would be in violation of the federal plan and subject to enforcement action. VII. Implementation of the Federal Plan and Delegation A. Background of Authority Under sections 111(d) and 129(b) of the CAA, the EPA is required to adopt EG that are applicable to existing solid waste incineration units. These EG are implemented when the EPA approves a state plan or adopts a federal plan that implements and enforces the EG. As discussed above, the federal plan regulates CISWI units in states that do not have approved plans in effect to implement the EG. Congress has determined that the primary responsibility for air pollution prevention and control rests with state and local agencies. (See section 101(a)(3) of the CAA.) Consistent with that overall determination, Congress established sections 111 and 129 of the CAA with the intent that the state and local agencies take the primary responsibility for ensuring that the emissions limitations and other requirements in the EG are achieved. Also, in section 111(d) of the CAA, Congress explicitly required that the EPA establish procedures that are similar to those under CAA section 110(c) for state implementation plans. Although Congress required the EPA to propose and promulgate a federal plan for states that fail to submit approvable state plans on time, states may submit plans after promulgation of the CISWI Federal Plan. The EPA strongly encourages states that are unable to submit approvable plans to request delegation of the federal plan so that they can have primary responsibility for implementing the final CISWI EG, consistent with the intent of Congress. The preferred outcome under the statute and the regulations results when the state, tribal, and local agencies implement the EPA approved state (or tribal) plan because state, tribal, and local agencies not only have the responsibility to implement the final CISWI EG, but also have the practical knowledge and enforcement resources critical to achieving the highest rate of compliance. In cases where states are unable to develop and submit approvable state plans, it is still preferable for the state and local agencies to be the implementing agency. For these reasons, the EPA will do all that it can to expedite delegation of the federal plan to state, tribal, and local agencies, whenever possible, in cases where states are unable to develop and submit approvable state plans. The EPA will also continue to review and approve state plans after promulgation of the CISWI Federal Plan. B. Mechanisms for Transferring Authority There are two mechanisms for transferring implementation authority to state, tribal, and local agencies: (1) The EPA approval of a state plan after the federal plan is in effect; and (2) if a state does not submit or obtain approval of its own plan, the EPA delegation to a state, tribe, or local agency with the authority to implement certain portions of this federal plan to the extent appropriate and if allowed by state law. Both of these options are described in more detail below. 1. Federal Plan Becomes Effective Prior To Approval of a State Plan After CISWI units in a state become subject to the federal plan, the state or tribal agency may still adopt and submit a state or tribal plan to the EPA. If the EPA determines that the state or tribal plan is as protective as the final CISWI EG, the EPA will approve the state or tribal plan. If the EPA determines that the plan is not as protective as the final CISWI EG, the EPA may approve the portions of the plan that are consistent with the final CISWI EG. If a state or tribal plan is approved in part, the federal plan will apply to the affected CISWI units in lieu of the disapproved portions of the state plan until the state or tribe addresses the deficiencies in the state plan and the revised state plan is approved by the EPA. Prior to any disapproval, the EPA will work with states and tribes to attempt to reconcile areas of the plan that remain inconsistent with the EG. Upon the effective date of a state or tribal plan, the federal plan would no longer apply to CISWI units covered by such a plan and the state, tribe, territory, or local agency would implement and enforce the state plan in lieu of the federal plan. When an EPA regional office approves a state or tribal plan, it will amend the appropriate subpart of 40 CFR part 62 to indicate such approval. 2. State, Tribe, Territory, or Local Agency Taking Delegation of the Federal Plan The EPA, in its discretion, may delegate to state, tribe, territorial, or local agencies the authority to implement this federal plan. As discussed above, the EPA has concluded that it is advantageous and the best use of resources for states, tribes, territories, or local agencies to agree to undertake, on the EPA's behalf, administrative and substantive roles in implementing the federal plan to the extent appropriate and where authorized by federal, state, tribal, territorial, or local law. If a state, tribe, territory, or local agency requests delegation, the EPA will generally delegate the entire federal plan to the state, tribe, territory, or local agency. These functions include administration and oversight of compliance, and reporting and recordkeeping requirements, CISWI unit inspections and preparation of draft notices of violation, but will not include any authorities retained by the EPA. Agencies that have taken delegation, as well as the EPA, will have responsibility for bringing enforcement actions against sources violating federal plan provisions. C. Implementing Authority The EPA Regional Administrators have been delegated the authority for implementing the CISWI Federal Plan. [[Page 3565]] All reports required by the federal plan should be submitted to the appropriate Regional Administrator. Section II.C of this preamble includes Table 3 that lists names and addresses of the EPA regional office contacts and the states they cover. D. Delegation of the Federal Plan and Retained Authorities If a state, tribe, territory, or local agency intends to take delegation of the federal plan, the state, tribe, territory, or local agency should submit to the appropriate EPA regional office a written request for delegation of authority. The state, tribe, territory, or local agency should explain how it meets the criteria for delegation. See generally ``Good Practices Manual for Delegation of NSPS and NESHAP'' (EPA, February 1983). The letter requesting delegation of authority to implement the federal plan should: (1) Demonstrate that the state, tribe, territory, or local agency has adequate resources, as well as the legal authority to administer and enforce the program, (2) include an inventory of affected CISWI units, which includes those that have ceased operation, but have not been dismantled or rendered inoperable, and an inventory of the affected units' air emissions and a provision for state progress reports to the EPA, (3) certify that a public hearing is held on the state, tribe, territory, or local agency delegation request, and (4) include a memorandum of agreement between the state, tribe, territory, or local agency and the EPA that sets forth the terms and conditions of the delegation, the effective date of the agreement and the mechanism to transfer authority. Upon signature of the agreement, the appropriate EPA Regional office would publish an approval notice in the Federal Register, thereby incorporating the delegation of authority into the appropriate subpart of 40 CFR part 62. If authority is not delegated to a state, tribe, territory, or local agency, the EPA will implement the federal plan. Also, if a state, tribe, territory, or local agency fails to properly implement a delegated portion of the federal plan, the EPA will assume direct implementation and enforcement of that portion. The EPA will continue to hold enforcement authority along with the state, tribe, territory, or local agency even when the agency has received delegation of the federal plan. In all cases where the federal plan is delegated, the EPA will retain and will not transfer authority to a state, tribe, or local agency to approve the following items promulgated in the final CISWI EG: 1. Approval of alternatives to the emission limitations in table 5 of this document and operating limits established under 40 CFR 62.14635 and 62.14640; 2. Approval of major alternatives to test methods; 3. Approval of major alternatives to monitoring; 4. Approval of major alternatives to recordkeeping and reporting; 5. [Reserved]; 6. The requirements in Sec. 62.14640; 7. The requirements in Sec. 62.14625(b)(2); 8. Approval of alternative opacity emission limits in Sec. 62.14630 under Sec. 60.11(e)(6) through (8); 9. Performance test and data reduction waivers under Sec. 60.8(b)(4) and (5); 10. Determination of whether a qualifying small power production facility or cogeneration facility under Sec. 62.14525(e) or (f) is combusting homogenous waste; and 11. Approval of an alternative to any electronic reporting to the EPA required by this subpart. CISWI unit owners or operators who wish to petition the agency for any alternative requirement should submit a request to the Regional Administrator with a copy sent to the appropriate state. VIII. Title V Operating Permits All existing CISWI units regulated under state, tribal, or federal plans implementing the final CISWI EG must operate in a manner consistent with a title V operating permit that assures compliance with all federally applicable requirements for any regulated CISWI units, including all applicable CAA section 129 requirements.\12\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \12\ 40 CFR 70.2, 70.6(a)(1), 71.2, and 71.6(a)(1). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- The permit application deadline for a CAA section 129 source applying for a title V operating permit depends on when the source first becomes subject to the relevant title V permit program. Because existing major sources are subject to title V,\13\ major source facilities that contain existing CISWI units should already have a title V permit. In such cases, the source must comply with the title V permit revision provisions of the relevant state title V program instead of applying for a title V permit. In contrast, the application deadline would be important to CISWI units at facilities that are not subject to the title V permit program for other reasons. Such sources with an existing CISWI unit subject to this proposed federal plan must submit a complete title V permit application by the earliest of the following dates: --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \13\ CAA Section 503(c) and 40 CFR 70.3(a) and (b), 70.5(a)(1)(i), 71.3(a) and (b), and 71.5(a)(1)(i).Twelve (12) months after the effective date of any applicable EPA-approved CAA sections 111(d)/129 plan (i.e., approved state or tribal plan that implements the final CISWI EG); or Twelve (12) months after the effective date of any applicable federal plan; or Thirty-six (36) months after promulgation of 40 CFR part 60, subpart DDDD (i.e., February 7, 2016). For any existing CISWI unit not subject to an earlier permit application deadline, the application deadline of February 7, 2016, which is in the past, applies regardless of whether or when any applicable federal plan is effective, or whether or when any applicable CAA sections 111(d)/129 plan is approved by the EPA and becomes effective. (See CAA sections 129(e), 503(c), 503(d), 502(a), and 40 CFR 70.5(a)(1)(i) and 71.5(a)(1)(i).) For more background information on the interface between CAA section 129 and title V, including the EPA's interpretation of CAA section 129(e), see the final federal plan for Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste Incinerators, October 3, 2003, (68 FR 57518, 57532). See also the final federal plan for Hospital Medical Infectious Waste Incinerators, August 15, 2000, (65 FR 49868, 49877). A. Title V and Delegation of a Federal Plan As noted previously, issuance of a title V permit is not equivalent to the approval of a state or tribal plan or delegation of a federal plan.\14\ Legally, delegation of a standard or requirement results in a delegated state, local, or tribal agency standing in for the EPA as a matter of federal law. This means that obligations a source may have to the EPA under a federally promulgated standard become obligations to a state, tribal, or local agency (except for functions that the EPA retains for itself) upon delegation.\15\ Although a state, local, or tribal agency may have the authority under state, local, or tribal law to incorporate CAA section 111/129 requirements into its title V permits, and implement and enforce these requirements in these permits without first taking delegation of the CAA section 111/129 federal plan, the state, local, or tribal agency is not standing in for the EPA as a matter of federal law in this situation. Where a state, local, or [[Page 3566]] tribal agency does not take delegation of a section 111/129 federal plan, obligations that a source has to the EPA under the federal plan continue after a title V permit is issued to the source. As a result, the EPA maintains that an approved 40 CFR part 70 operating permits program cannot be used as a mechanism to transfer the authority to implement and enforce the federal plan from the EPA to a state, local, or tribal agency. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \14\ See, e.g., the ``Title V and Delegation of a Federal Plan'' section of the proposed federal plan for Commercial Industrial Solid Waste Incinerators (CISWI), November 25, 2002, (67 FR 70640, 70652). The preamble language from this section in the proposed federal plan for CISWI was reaffirmed in the final federal plan for CISWI, October 3, 2003, (68 FR 57518, 57535). \15\ If the Administrator chooses to retain certain authorities under a standard, those authorities cannot be delegated, e.g., alternative methods of demonstrating compliance. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- As mentioned above, a state, local, or tribal agency may have the authority under state, local, or tribal law to incorporate CAA section 111/129 requirements into its title V permits, and implement and enforce these requirements in that context without first taking delegation of the CAA section 111/129 federal plan.\16\ Some states, local governments, or tribes, however, may not be able to implement and enforce a CAA section 111/129 standard in a title V permit under state, local, or tribal law until the CAA section 111/129 standard has been delegated. In these situations, a state, local, or tribal agency should not issue a 40 CFR part 70 permit to a source subject to a federal plan before taking delegation of the section 111/129 federal plan. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \16\ The EPA interprets the phrase ``assure compliance'' in CAA section 502(b)(5)(A) to mean that permitting authorities will implement and enforce each applicable standard, regulation, or requirement which must be included in the title V permits the permitting authorities issue. See definition of ``applicable requirement'' in 40 CFR 70.2. See also 40 CFR 70.4(b)(3)(i) and 70.6(a)(1). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- However, if a state or tribe can provide an Attorney General's (AG) opinion delineating its authority to incorporate CAA section 111/129 requirements into its title V permits, and then implement and enforce these requirements through its title V permits without first taking delegation of the requirements, then a state, local, or tribal agency does not need to take delegation of the CAA section 111/129 requirements for purposes of title V permitting.\17\ In practical terms, without approval of a state or tribal plan, delegation of a federal plan, or an adequate AG's opinion, states, local governments, and tribes with approved 40 CFR part 70 permitting programs open themselves up to potential questions regarding their authority to issue permits containing CAA section 111/129 requirements and to assure compliance with these requirements. Such questions could lead to the issuance of a notice of deficiency for a state's or tribe's 40 CFR part 70 program. As a result, prior to a state, local, or tribal permitting authority drafting a part 70 permit for a source subject to a CAA section 111/129 federal plan, the state, local government, or tribe, the EPA regional office and the source in question are advised to ensure that delegation of the relevant federal plan has taken place or that the permitting authority has provided an adequate AG's opinion to the EPA Regional office. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \17\ It is important to note that an AG's opinion submitted at the time of initial title V program approval is sufficient if it demonstrates that a state or tribe has adequate authority to incorporate CAA section 111/129 requirements into its title V permits and to implement and enforce these requirements through its title V permits without delegation and no subsequent state law or regulation has in some way limited that authority. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- In addition, if a permitting authority chooses to rely on an AG's opinion and not take delegation of a federal plan, a CAA section 111/ 129 source subject to the federal plan in that state must simultaneously submit to both the EPA and the state, local government, or tribe all reports required by the standard to be submitted to the EPA. Given that these reports are necessary to implement and enforce the CAA section 111/129 requirements when they have been included in title V permits, the permitting authority needs to receive these reports at the same time as the EPA. In the situation where a permitting authority chooses to rely on an AG's opinion and not take delegation of a federal plan, the EPA regional offices will be responsible for implementing and enforcing CAA section 111/129 requirements outside of any title V permits. Moreover, in this situation, the EPA regional offices will continue to be responsible for developing progress reports and conducting any other administrative functions required under this federal plan or any other CAA section 111/129 federal plan. See, section V.B of this preamble titled ``What are the final compliance schedules?''. It is important to note that the EPA is not using its authority under 40 CFR part 70.4(i)(3) to request that all states, local governments, and tribes that do not take delegation of this federal plan submit supplemental AG's opinions at this time. However, the EPA regional offices shall request, and permitting authorities shall provide, such opinions when the EPA questions a state's or tribe's authority to incorporate CAA section 111/129 requirements into a title V permit and implement and enforce these requirements in that context without delegation. IX. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews Additional information about these statutes and Executive Orders can be found at http://www.epa.gov/laws-regulations/laws-and-executive-orders. A. Executive Order 12866: Regulatory Planning and Review and Executive Order 13563: Improving Regulation and Regulatory Review This action is not a significant regulatory action and was, therefore, not submitted to the Office of Management and Budget for review. B. Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA) This action does not impose an information collection burden under the PRA. This action simply proposes the CISWI Federal Plan to implement the EG adopted on February 7, 2013,\18\ for those states that do not have a state plan implementing the EG. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \18\ See 78 FR 9112, February 7, 2013. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- C. Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA) I certify that this action will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities under the RFA. In making this determination, the impact of concern is any significant adverse economic impact on small entities. An agency may certify that a rule will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities if the rule relieves regulatory burden, has no net burden, or otherwise has a positive economic effect on the small entities subject to the rule. EG for owners of existing CISWI units were established by the February 7, 2013, final rule (78 FR 9112), and that rule was certified as not having a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities. This action establishes a federal plan to implement and enforce those requirements in those states that do not have their own EPA-approved state plan for implementing and enforcing the requirements. We have, therefore, concluded that this action will have no net regulatory burden for all directly regulated small entities. D. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act (UMRA) This action does not contain an unfunded mandate of $100 million or more as described in UMRA, 2 U.S.C. 1531-1538, and does not significantly or uniquely affect small governments. The action imposes no enforceable duty or any state, local, or tribal government or the private sector. E. Executive Order 13132: Federalism This action does not have federalism implications. It will not have substantial direct effects on the states, on the [[Page 3567]] relationship between the national government and the states, or on the distribution of power and responsibilities among the various levels of government. F. Executive Order 13175: Consultation and Coordination With Indian Tribal Governments This action does not have tribal implications as specified in Executive Order 13175. The EPA is not aware of any CISWI units owned or operated by Indian tribal governments. Thus, Executive Order 13175 does not apply to this action. G. Executive Order 13045: Protection of Children From Environmental Health Risks and Safety Risks The EPA interprets Executive Order 13045 as applying only to those regulatory actions that concern environmental health or safety risks that the EPA has reason to believe may disproportionately affect children, per the definition of ``covered regulatory action'' in section 2-202 of the Executive Order. This action is not subject to Executive Order 13045 because it does not concern an environmental health risk or safety risk. H. Executive Order 13211: Actions That Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use This action is not subject to Executive Order 13211 because it is not a significant regulatory action under Executive Orders 12866. I. National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act (NTTAA) and 1 CFR Part 51 This action involves technical standards. Please reference Table 6 of this preamble for the locations where these standards are available. The EPA has decided to use ANSI/ASME PTC 19.10-1981, ``Flue and Exhaust Gas Analyses,'' for its manual methods of measuring the oxygen or carbon dioxide content of the exhaust gas. These parts of ASME PTC 19.10-1981 are acceptable alternatives to EPA Methods 6 and 7 for the manual procedures only. The EPA determined that this standard is reasonably available because it is available for purchase. Another voluntary consensus standards (VCS), ASTM D6784-02 (Reapproved 2008), ``Standard Test Method for Elemental, Oxidized, Particle-Bound and Total Mercury Gas Generated from Coal-Fired Stationary Sources (Ontario Hydro Method)'' for its manual method of measuring mercury is an acceptable alternative to Method 29 and 30B. The EPA determined that this standard is reasonably available because it is available for purchase. The EPA further determined to use OAQPS Fabric Filter Bag Leak Detection Guidance, EPA-454/R-98-015, September 1997, for its guidance on the use of tiboelectic monitors as bag leak detectors for a fabric filter air pollution control device and monitoring system decriptions, selection, installation, set up, adjustment, operation, and quality assurance procedures. The EPA determined that this standard is reasonably available because it is freely available from the EPA. Lastly, the EPA decided to use EPA Methods 5, 6, 6C, 7, 7E, 9, 10, l0A, l0B, 22, 23, 26A, 29, and 30B. No VCS were found for EPA Methods 9 and 22. While the EPA has identified 23 VCS as being potentially applicable to the rule, we have decided not to use these VCS in this rulemaking. The use of these VCS would be impractical because they do not meet the objectives of the standards cited in this rule. See the docket for the final CISWI EG (Docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OAR-2003-0119), which are being implemented under this action, for further information. Under 40 CFR 62.14838, the EPA Administrator retains the authority of approving alternate methods of demonstrating compliance as established under 40 CFR 60.8(b) and 40 CFR 60.13(i), subpart A (NSPS General Provisions). A source may apply to the EPA for permission to use alternative test methods or alternative monitoring requirements in place of any required EPA test methods, performance specifications, or procedures. J. Executive Order 12898: Federal Actions To Address Environmental Justice in Minority Populations and Low-Income Populations The EPA believes that this action does not have disproportionately high and adverse human health or environmental effects on minority populations, low-income populations, and/or indigenous peoples, as specified in Executive Order 12898 (59 FR 7629, February 16, 1994). The documentation for this decision is contained in this preamble section, as well as the final CISWI EG discussion for Executive Order 12898 (78 FR 9178, February 7, 2013). This proposed federal plan implements the final CISWI EG for states that do not have an approved state plan implementing the final CISWI EG. As discussed in the preamble to the 2013 CISWI rule, the final CISWI EG will not have disproportionately high and adverse human health or environmental effects on minority or low-income populations because it increases the level of environmental protection for all affected populations without having any disproportionately high and adverse human health or environmental effects on any population, including any minority or low- income population. The amendments finalized in 2013 (made to the 2011 CISWI final rule) do not relax the control measures on sources regulated by the CISWI rule, and, therefore, will not cause emissions increases from these sources. The March 2011 final CISWI rule will reduce emissions of all the listed hazardous air pollutants (HAP) emitted from this source. This proposed federal plan implements national standards in the final CISWI EG that would result in reduction in emissions of many of the listed HAP emitted from this source. This includes emissions of Cd, HCl, Pb, and Hg. Other emissions reductions include reductions of criteria pollutants such as CO, NO X , PM and PM2.5 microns or less, and SO2 . SO2 and NOX are precursors for the formation of PM2.5 and NOX is a precursor for ozone. Reducing these emissions will decrease the amount of such pollutants to which all affected populations are exposed. List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 62 Environmental protection, Administrative practice and procedure, Air pollution control, Incorporation by reference, Intergovernmental relations, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements. Dated: December 14, 2016. Gina McCarthy, Administrator. For the reasons stated in the preamble, Title 40, chapter I, part 62 of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) is proposed to be amended as follows: PART 62--APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF STATE PLANS FOR DESIGNATED FACILITIES AND POLLUTANTS 0 1. The authority citation for part 62 continues to read as follows: Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401, et seq. 0 2. Part 62 is amended by revising subpart III to read as follows: Subpart III--Federal Plan Requirements for Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste Incineration Units Sec. Table of Contents Introduction 62.14500 What is the purpose of this subpart? [[Page 3568]] 62.14505 What are the principal components of this subpart? Applicability 62.14510 Am I subject to this subpart? 62.14515 Can my CISWI unit be covered by both a state plan and this subpart? 62.14520 How do I determine if my CISWI unit is covered by an approved and effective state or tribal plan? 62.14521 If my CISWI unit is not listed in the federal plan inventory, am I exempt from this subpart? 62.14525 Can my combustion unit be exempt from this subpart? 62.14530-62.14531 [Reserved] Compliance Schedule and Increments of Progress 62.14535 When must I comply with this subpart if I plan to continue operation of my CISWI unit? 62.14536 [Reserved] 62.14545 [Reserved] 62.14550 [Reserved] 62.14555 [Reserved] 62.14560 [Reserved] 62.14565 [Reserved] 62.14570 What must I do if I plan to permanently close my CISWI unit? 62.14575 What must I do if I close my CISWI unit and then restart it? Waste Management Plan 62.14580 What is a waste management plan? 62.14585 When must I submit my waste management plan? 62.14590 What should I include in my waste management plan? Operator Training and Qualification 62.14595 What are the operator training and qualification requirements? 62.14600 When must the operator training course be completed? 62.14605 How do I obtain my operator qualification? 62.14610 How do I maintain my operator qualification? 62.14615 How do I renew my lapsed operator qualification? 62.14620 What site-specific documentation is required? 62.14625 What if all the qualified operators are temporarily not accessible? Emission Limitations and Operating Limits 62.14630 What emission limitations must I meet and by when? 62.14635 What operating limits must I meet and by when? 62.14640 What if I do not use a wet scrubber, fabric filter, activated carbon injection, selective noncatalytic reduction, an electrostatic precipitator, or a dry scrubber to comply with the emission limitations? 62.14645 [Reserved] Performance Testing 62.14650 How do I conduct the initial and annual performance test? 62.14655 How are the performance test data used? Initial Compliance Requirements 62.14660 How do I demonstrate initial compliance with the emission limitations and establish the operating limits? 62.14665 By what date must I conduct the initial performance test? 62.14666 By what date must I conduct the initial air pollution control device inspection? Continuous Compliance Requirements 62.14670 How do I demonstrate continuous compliance with the emission limitations and the operating limits? 62.14675 By what date must I conduct the annual performance test? 62.14676 By what date must I conduct the annual air pollution control device inspection? 62.14680 May I conduct performance testing less often? 62.14685 May I conduct a repeat performance test to establish new operating limits? Monitoring 62.14690 What monitoring equipment must I install and what parameters must I monitor? 62.14695 Is there a minimum amount of monitoring data I must obtain? Recordkeeping and Reporting 62.14700 What records must I keep? 62.14705 Where and in what format must I keep my records? 62.14710 What reports must I submit? 62.14715 When must I submit my waste management plan? 62.14720 What information must I submit following my initial performance test? 62.14725 When must I submit my annual report? 62.14730 What information must I include in my annual report? 62.14735 What else must I report if I have a deviation from the operating limits or the emission limitations? 62.14740 What must I include in the deviation report? 62.14745 What else must I report if I have a deviation from the requirement to have a qualified operator accessible? 62.14750 Are there any other notifications or reports that I must submit? 62.14755 In what form can I submit my reports? 62.14760 Can reporting dates be changed? Air Curtain Incinerators 62.14765 What is an air curtain incinerator? 62.14770-62.14775 [Reserved] 62.14795 [Reserved] 62.14805 What must I do if I close my air curtain incinerator and then restart it? 62.14810 What must I do if I plan to permanently close my air curtain incinerator and not restart it? 62.14815 What are the emission limitations for air curtain incinerators? 62.14820 How must I monitor opacity for air curtain incinerators? 62.14825 What are the recordkeeping and reporting requirements for air curtain incinerators? Title V Requirements 62.14830 Am I required to apply for and obtain a Title V operating permit for my unit? 62.14835 [Reserved] Delegation of Authority 62.14838 What authorities are withheld by the EPA Administrator? Definitions 62.14840 What definitions must I know? Tables Table 1 to Subpart III of Part 62--Emission Limitations That Apply to Incinerators Before February 7, 2018 \2\ Table 2 to Subpart III of Part 62--Operating Limits for Wet Scrubbers Table 3 to Subpart III of Part 62--Toxic Equivalency Factors Table 4 to Subpart III of Part 62--Summary of Reporting Requirements \1\ Table 5 to Subpart III of Part 62--Model Rule--Emission Limitations That Apply to Incinerators on and After February 7, 2018 Table 6 to Subpart III of Part 62--Model Rule--Emission Limitations That Apply to Energy Recovery Units After February 7, 2018 Table 7 to Subpart III of Part 62--Model Rule--Emission Limitations That Apply to Waste-Burning Kilns After February 7, 2018 Table 8 to Subpart III of Part 62--Model Rule--Emission Limitations That Apply to Small, Remote Incinerators After February 7, 2018 Introduction Sec. 62.14500 What is the purpose of this subpart? (a) This subpart establishes emission requirements and compliance schedules for the control of emissions from commercial and industrial solid waste incineration (CISWI) units that are not covered, or are only partially covered, by an EPA approved and currently effective state or tribal plan. The pollutants addressed by these emission requirements are listed in Table 1 and Tables 5 through 8 of this subpart. These emission requirements are developed in accordance with sections 111 and 129 of the Clean Air Act and subpart B of 40 CFR part 60. (b) In this subpart, ``you'' means the owner or operator of a CISWI unit. Sec. 62.14505 What are the principal components of this subpart? This subpart contains the eleven major components listed in paragraphs (a) through (k) of this section. (a) [Reserved]. (b) Waste management plan. (c) Operator training and qualification. (d) Emission limitations and operating limits. (e) Performance testing. [[Page 3569]] (f) Initial compliance requirements. (g) Continuous compliance requirements. (h) Monitoring. (i) Recordkeeping and reporting. (j) Definitions. (k) Tables. Applicability Sec. 62.14510 Am I subject to this subpart? (a) You are subject to this subpart if you own or operate a CISWI unit as defined in Sec. 62.14840 or an air curtain incinerator as defined in Sec. 62.14840 and the CISWI unit or air curtain incinerator meets the criteria described in paragraphs (a)(1) through (a)(3) of this section. (1) Construction of your CISWI unit or air curtain incinerator commenced on or before June 4, 2010, or commenced modification or reconstruction after June 4, 2010 but no later than August 7, 2013. (2) Your CISWI unit is not exempt under Sec. 62.14525. (3) Your CISWI unit is not regulated by an EPA approved and currently effective state or tribal plan, or your CISWI unit is located in any state whose approved state or tribal plan is only approved in part. In the case of a state or tribal program that is approved in part, the federal plan applies to affected CISWI units in lieu of the disapproved portions of the state or tribal program until the state or tribe plan addresses the deficiencies and the revised plan is approved by the EPA. (b) If changes to the CISWI unit are made after August 7, 2013 that meet the definition of modification or reconstruction, your CISWI unit is subject to subpart CCCC of 40 CFR part 60 and this subpart no longer applies to that unit. (c) If you make physical or operational changes to your existing CISWI unit primarily to comply with this subpart, then such changes do not qualify as modifications or reconstructions under subpart CCCC of 40 CFR part 60. Sec. 62.14515 Can my CISWI unit be covered by both a state plan and this subpart? (a) If your CISWI unit is located in a state that does not have an EPA-approved state plan or your state's plan has not become effective, this subpart applies to your CISWI unit until the EPA approves a state plan that covers your CISWI unit and that state plan becomes effective. However, a state may enforce the requirements of a state regulation while your CISWI unit is still subject to this subpart. (b) After the EPA fully approves a state plan covering your CISWI unit, and after that state plan becomes effective, you will no longer be subject to this subpart and will only be subject to the approved and effective state plan. If the state or tribal plan are only approved in part, you will remain subject to the federal plan to the extent necessary to address the deficiencies in the disapproved portions of the state or tribal plan. Sec. 62.14520 How do I determine if my CISWI unit is covered by an approved and effective state or tribal plan? This part (40 CFR part 62) contains a list of state and tribal areas with approved Clean Air Act section 111(d) and section 129 plans along with the effective dates for such plans. The list is published annually. If this part does not indicate that your state or tribal area has an approved and effective plan, you should contact your state environmental agency's air director or your EPA Regional Office to determine if the EPA has approved a state plan covering your unit since publication of the most recent version of this subpart. Sec. 62.14521 If my CISWI unit is not listed in the federal plan inventory, am I exempt from this subpart? Any CISWI unit that meets the applicability criteria in Sec. 62.14510 is required to comply with the applicable emissions guidelines even if the source is not listed in the federal plan or otherwise applicable state or tribal plan inventory. CISWI units subject to this subpart are not limited to the inventory of sources listed in Docket EPA-HQ-OAR-2016-0664 for the federal plan. If your CISWI units meets the applicability criteria in Sec. 62.14510, this subpart applies to you whether or not your unit is listed in the federal plan inventory in the docket. Sec. 62.14525 Can my combustion unit be exempt from this subpart? This subpart exempts 8 types of units, described in paragraphs (a) and (c) through (o) of this section, from complying with the requirements of this subpart with the exception of the requirements specified in this section. (a) Pathological waste incineration units. Incineration units burning 90 percent or more by weight (on a calendar quarter basis and excluding the weight of auxiliary fuel and combustion air) of pathological waste, low-level radioactive waste, and/or chemotherapeutic waste as defined in Sec. 62.14840 are not subject to this subpart if you meet the two requirements specified in paragraphs (a)(1) and (2) of this section. (1) Notify the Administrator that the unit meets these criteria. (2) Keep records on a calendar quarter basis of the weight of pathological waste, low-level radioactive waste, and/or chemotherapeutic waste burned, and the weight of all other fuels and wastes burned in the unit. (b) [Reserved] (c) Municipal waste combustion units. Incineration units that are regulated under subpart Ea of 40 CFR part 60 (Standards of Performance for Municipal Waste Combustors); subpart Eb of 40 CFR part 60 (Standards of Performance for Municipal Waste Combustors for Which Construction is Commenced After September 20, 1994); subpart Cb of 40 CFR part 60 (Emission Guidelines and Compliance Times for Large Municipal Waste Combustors Constructed on or Before September 20, 1994); subpart AAAA of 40 CFR part 60 (Standards of Performance for New Stationary Sources: Small Municipal Waste Combustion Units); subpart BBBB of 40 CFR part 60 (Emission Guidelines for Existing Stationary Sources: Small Municipal Waste Combustion Units); or subpart JJJ of 40 CFR part 62 (Federal Plan Requirements for Small Municipal Waste Combustion Units Constructed on or Before August 30, 1999). (d) Medical waste incineration units. Incineration units regulated under subpart Ec of 40 CFR part 60 (Standards of Performance for Hospital/Medical/Infectious Waste Incinerators for Which Construction is Commenced After June 20, 1996); 40 CFR part 60 subpart Ce (Emission Guidelines and Compliance Times for Hospital/Medical/Infectious Waste Incinerators); and 40 CFR part 62 subpart HHH (Federal Plan Requirements for Hospital/Medical/Infectious Waste Incinerators Constructed on or before June 20, 1996). (e) Small power production facilities. Units that meet the four requirements specified in paragraphs (e)(1) through (4) of this section. (1) The unit qualifies as a small power-production facility under section 3(17)(C) of the Federal Power Act (16 U.S.C. 796(17)(C)). (2) The unit burns homogeneous waste (not including refuse-derived fuel) to produce electricity. (3) You submit documentation to the Administrator notifying the Agency that the qualifying small power production facility is combusting homogenous waste. (4) You must maintain the records specified in Sec. 62.14700(v). (f) Cogeneration facilities. Units that meet the four requirements specified in paragraphs (f)(1) through (4) of this section. (1) The unit qualifies as a cogeneration facility under section [[Page 3570]] 3(18)(B) of the Federal Power Act (16 U.S.C. 796(18)(B)). (2) The unit burns homogeneous waste (not including refuse-derived fuel) to produce electricity and steam or other forms of energy used for industrial, commercial, heating, or cooling purposes. (3) You submit documentation to the Administrator notifying the Agency that the qualifying cogeneration facility is combusting homogenous waste. (4) You maintain the records specified in Sec. 62.14700(w). (g) Hazardous waste combustion units. Units for which you are required to get a permit under section 3005 of the Solid Waste Disposal Act. (h) Materials recovery units. Units that combust waste for the primary purpose of recovering metals, such as primary and secondary smelters. (i) Air curtain incinerators. Air curtain incinerators that burn 100 percent wood waste; 100 percent clean lumber; or a 100 percent mixture of only wood waste, clean lumber, and/or yard waste; are required to meet only the requirements under ``Air Curtain Incinerators'' (Sec. Sec. 62.14765 through 62.14825) and the title V operating permit requirements (Sec. 62.14830). (j) [Reserved] (k) [Reserved] (l) [Reserved] (m) Sewage treatment plants. Incineration units regulated under subpart O of 40 CFR part 60 (Standards of Performance for Sewage Treatment Plants). (n) Sewage sludge incineration units. Incineration units combusting sewage sludge for the purpose of reducing the volume of the sewage sludge by removing combustible matter that are subject to subpart LLLL of 40 CFR part 60 (Standards of Performance for New Sewage Sludge Incineration Units) or subpart MMMM of 40 CFR part 60 (Emission Guidelines and Compliance Times for Existing Sewage Sludge Incineration Units). (o) Other solid waste incineration units. Incineration units that are subject to subpart EEEE of 40 CFR part 60 (Standards of Performance for Other Solid Waste Incineration Units for Which Construction is Commenced After December 9, 2004, or for Which Modification or Reconstruction is Commenced on or After June 16, 2006) or subpart FFFF of 40 CFR part 60 (Emission Guidelines and Compliance Times for Other Solid Waste Incineration Units That Commenced Construction On or Before December 9, 2004). Sec. Sec. 62.14530-62.14531 [Reserved] Compliance Schedule and Increments of Progress Sec. 62.14535 When must I comply with this subpart if I plan to continue operation of my CISWI unit? If you plan to continue operation of your CISWI unit, then you must follow the requirements in paragraph (a) of this section. (a) If you plan to continue operation and come into compliance with the requirements of this subpart by February 7, 2018, then you must complete the requirements of paragraphs (a)(1) through (a)(5) of this section. (1) You must comply with the operator training and qualification requirements and inspection requirements (if applicable) of this subpart by February 7, 2018. (2) You must submit a waste management plan no later than November 7, 2017 (3) You must achieve final compliance by February 7, 2018. To achieve final compliance, you must incorporate all process changes and complete retrofit construction of control devices, so that, if the affected CISWI unit is brought online, all necessary process changes and air pollution control devices would operate as designed. (4) You must conduct the initial performance test within 90 days after the date when you are required to achieve final compliance under paragraph (a)(3) of this section. (5) You must submit an initial report including the results of the initial performance test no later than 60 days following the initial performance test (see Sec. Sec. 62.14700 through 62.14760 for complete reporting and recordkeeping requirements). (b) [Reserved] Sec. 62.14536 [Reserved] Sec. 62.14545 [Reserved] Sec. 62.14550 [Reserved] Sec. 62.14555 [Reserved] Sec. 62.14560 [Reserved] Sec. 62.14565 [Reserved] Sec. 62.14570 What must I do if I plan to permanently close my CISWI unit? If you plan to permanently close your CISWI unit rather than comply with the federal plan, you must submit a legally binding closure agreement, to the Administrator no later than six months prior to your operation will cease. The closure agreement must specify the date by which operation will cease. The closure date cannot be later than February 7, 2018 for sources that will not operate on or after the compliance date. Sec. 62.14575 What must I do if I close my CISWI unit and then restart it? If you close your CISWI unit but will restart it after February 7, 2018, you must complete emission control retrofits and meet the emission limitations and operating limits on the date your unit restarts operation. Waste Management Plan Sec. 62.14580 What is a waste management plan? A waste management plan is a written plan that identifies both the feasibility and the methods used to reduce or separate certain components of solid waste from the waste stream in order to reduce or eliminate toxic emissions from incinerated waste. Sec. 62.14585 When must I submit my waste management plan? You must submit a waste management plan no later than November 7, 2017 or six months prior to commencing or recommencing burning solid waste, whichever is later. Sec. 62.14590 What should I include in my waste management plan? A waste management plan must include consideration of the reduction or separation of waste-stream elements such as paper, cardboard, plastics, glass, batteries, or metals; or the use of recyclable materials. The plan must identify any additional waste management measures, and the source must implement those measures considered practical and feasible, based on the effectiveness of waste management measures already in place, the costs of additional measures, the emissions reductions expected to be achieved, and any other environmental or energy impacts they might have. Operator Training and Qualification Sec. 62.14595 What are the operator training and qualification requirements? (a) You must have a fully trained and qualified CISWI unit operator accessible at all times when the unit is in operation, either at your facility or able to be at your facility within one hour. The trained and qualified CISWI unit operator may operate the CISWI unit directly or be the direct supervisor of one or more other plant personnel who operate the unit. If all qualified CISWI unit operators are temporarily not accessible, you must follow the procedures in Sec. 62.14625. [[Page 3571]] (b) Operator training and qualification must be obtained through a State-approved program or by completing the requirements included in paragraph (c) of this section. (c) Training must be obtained by completing an incinerator operator training course that includes, at a minimum, the three elements described in paragraphs (c)(1) through (3) of this section. (1) Training on the eleven subjects listed in paragraphs (c)(1)(i) through (xi) of this section. (i) Environmental concerns, including types of emissions. (ii) Basic combustion principles, including products of combustion. (iii) Operation of the specific type of incinerator to be used by the operator, including proper startup, waste charging, and shutdown procedures. (iv) Combustion controls and monitoring. (v) Operation of air pollution control equipment and factors affecting performance (where applicable). (vi) Inspection and maintenance of the incinerator and air pollution control devices. (vii) Actions to correct malfunctions or conditions that may lead to malfunction. (viii) Bottom and fly ash characteristics and handling procedures. (ix) Applicable Federal, State, and local regulations, including Occupational Safety and Health Administration workplace standards. (x) Pollution prevention. (xi) Waste management practices. (2) An examination designed and administered by the instructor. (3) Written material covering the training course topics that can serve as reference material following completion of the course. Sec. 62.14600 When must the operator training course be completed? (a) The operator training course must be completed by the later of the three dates specified in paragraphs (a)(1) and (3) of this section. (1) February 7, 2018. (2) Six months after CISWI unit startup; or (3) Six months after an employee assumes responsibility for operating the CISWI unit or assumes responsibility for supervising the operation of the CISWI unit. (b) [Reserved]. Sec. 62.14605 How do I obtain my operator qualification? (a) You must obtain operator qualification by completing a training course that satisfies the criteria under Sec. 62.14595(b). (b) Qualification is valid from the date on which the training course is completed and the operator successfully passes the examination required under Sec. 62.14595(c)(2). Sec. 62.14610 How do I maintain my operator qualification? To maintain qualification, you must complete an annual review or refresher course covering, at a minimum, the five topics described in paragraphs (a) through (e) of this section. (a) Update of regulations. (b) Incinerator operation, including startup and shutdown procedures, waste charging, and ash handling. (c) Inspection and maintenance. (d) Responses to malfunctions or conditions that may lead to malfunction. (e) Discussion of operating problems encountered by attendees. Sec. 62.14615 How do I renew my lapsed operator qualification? You must renew a lapsed operator qualification by one of the two methods specified in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section. (a) For a lapse of less than 3 years, you must complete a standard annual refresher course described in Sec. 62.14610. (b) For a lapse of 3 years or more, you must repeat the initial qualification requirements in Sec. 62.14605(a). Sec. 62.14620 What site-specific documentation is required? (a) Documentation must be available at the facility and readily accessible for all CISWI unit operators that addresses the ten topics described in paragraphs (a)(1) through (10) of this section. You must maintain this information and the training records required by paragraph (c) of this section in a manner that they can be readily accessed and are suitable for inspection upon request. (1) Summary of the applicable standards under this subpart. (2) Procedures for receiving, handling, and charging waste. (3) Incinerator startup, shutdown, and malfunction procedures. (4) Procedures for maintaining proper combustion air supply levels. (5) Procedures for operating the incinerator and associated air pollution control systems within the standards established under this subpart. (6) Monitoring procedures for demonstrating compliance with the incinerator operating limits. (7) Reporting and recordkeeping procedures. (8) The waste management plan required under Sec. Sec. 62.14580 through 62.14590. (9) Procedures for handling ash. (10) A list of the wastes burned during the performance test. (b) You must establish a program for reviewing the information listed in paragraph (a) of this section with each employee who operates your incinerator. (1) The initial review of the information listed in paragraph (a) of this section must be conducted by the later of the three dates specified in paragraphs (b)(1)(i) through (iii) of this section. (i) February 7, 2018. (ii) Six months after CISWI unit startup. (iii) Six months after being assigned to operate the CISWI unit. (2) Subsequent annual reviews of the information listed in paragraph (a) of this section must be conducted no later than 12 months following the previous review. (c) You must also maintain the information specified in paragraphs (c)(1) through (3) of this section. (1) Records showing the names of all plant personnel who operate your CISWI unit who have completed review of the information in Sec. 62.14620(a) as required by Sec. 62.14620(b), including the date of the initial review and all subsequent annual reviews. (2) Records showing the names of all plant personnel who operate your CISWI unit who have completed the operator training requirements under Sec. 62.14595, met the criteria for qualification under Sec. 62.14605, and maintained or renewed their qualification under Sec. 62.14610 or Sec. 62.14615. Records must include documentation of training, the dates of the initial refresher training, and the dates of their qualification and all subsequent renewals of such qualifications. (3) For each qualified operator, the phone and/or pager number at which they can be reached during operating hours. Sec. 62.14625 What if all the qualified operators are temporarily not accessible? If all qualified operators are temporarily not accessible (i.e., not at the facility and not able to be at the facility within 1 hour), you must meet one of the two criteria specified in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section, depending on the length of time that a qualified operator is not accessible. (a) When all qualified operators are not accessible for more than 8 hours, but less than 2 weeks, the CISWI unit may be operated by other plant personnel familiar with the operation of the CISWI unit who have completed a review of [[Page 3572]] the information specified in Sec. 62.14620(a) within the past 12 months. However, you must record the period when all qualified operators were not accessible and include this deviation in the annual report as specified under Sec. 62.14730. (b) When all qualified operators are not accessible for 2 weeks or more, you must take the two actions that are described in paragraphs (b)(1) and (2) of this section. (1) Notify the Administrator of this deviation in writing within 10 days. In the notice, state what caused this deviation, what you are doing to ensure that a qualified operator is accessible, and when you anticipate that a qualified operator will be accessible. (2) Submit a status report to the Administrator every 4 weeks outlining what you are doing to ensure that a qualified operator is accessible, stating when you anticipate that a qualified operator will be accessible and requesting approval from the Administrator to continue operation of the CISWI unit. You must submit the first status report 4 weeks after you notify the Administrator of the deviation under paragraph (b)(1) of this section. If the Administrator notifies you that your request to continue operation of the CISWI unit is disapproved, the CISWI unit may continue operation for 90 days, then must cease operation. Operation of the unit may resume if you meet the two requirements in paragraphs (b)(2)(i) and (ii) of this section. (i) A qualified operator is accessible as required under Sec. 62.14595(a). (ii) You notify the Administrator that a qualified operator is accessible and that you are resuming operation. Emission Limitations and Operating Limits Sec. 62.14630 What emission limitations must I meet and by when? (a) You must meet the emission limitations for each CISWI unit, including bypass stack or vent, specified in table 1 of this subpart or tables 5 through 8 of this subpart by February 7, 2018. The emission limitations apply at all times the unit is operating including and not limited to startup, shutdown, or malfunction. (b) Units that do not use wet scrubbers must maintain opacity to less than or equal to the percent opacity (three 1-hour blocks consisting of ten 6-minute average opacity values) specified in table 1 of this subpart, as applicable. Sec. 62.14635 What operating limits must I meet and by when? (a) If you use a wet scrubber to comply with the emission limitations, you must establish operating limits for four operating parameters (as specified in table 2 of this subpart) as described in paragraphs (a)(1) through (4) of this section during the initial performance test. (1) Maximum charge rate, calculated using one of the two different procedures in paragraph (a)(1)(i) or (ii) of this section, as appropriate. (i) For continuous and intermittent units, maximum charge rate is 110 percent of the average charge rate measured during the most recent performance test demonstrating compliance with all applicable emission limitations. (ii) For batch units, maximum charge rate is 110 percent of the daily charge rate measured during the most recent performance test demonstrating compliance with all applicable emission limitations. (2) Minimum pressure drop across the wet particulate matter scrubber, which is calculated as the lowest 1-hour average pressure drop across the wet scrubber measured during the most recent performance test demonstrating compliance with the particulate matter emission limitations; or minimum amperage to the wet scrubber, which is calculated as the lowest 1-hour average amperage to the wet scrubber measured during the most recent performance test demonstrating compliance with the particulate matter emission limitations. (3) Minimum scrubber liquor flow rate, which is calculated as the lowest 1-hour average liquor flow rate at the inlet to the wet acid gas or particulate matter scrubber measured during the most recent performance test demonstrating compliance with all applicable emission limitations. (4) Minimum scrubber liquor pH, which is calculated as the lowest 1-hour average liquor pH at the inlet to the wet acid gas scrubber measured during the most recent performance test demonstrating compliance with the hydrogen chloride emission limitation. (b) You must meet the operating limits established during the initial performance test on the date the initial performance test is required or completed (whichever is earlier). You must conduct an initial performance evaluation of each continuous monitoring system and continuous parameter monitoring system within 60 days of installation of the monitoring system. (c) If you use a fabric filter to comply with the emission limitations and you do not use a PM CPMS for monitoring PM compliance, you must operate each fabric filter system such that the bag leak detection system alarm does not sound more than 5 percent of the operating time during any 6-month period. In calculating this operating time percentage, if inspection of the fabric filter demonstrates that no corrective action is required, no alarm time is counted. If corrective action is required, each alarm shall be counted as a minimum of 1 hour. If you take longer than 1 hour to initiate corrective action, the alarm time shall be counted as the actual amount of time taken by you to initiate corrective action. (d) If you use an electrostatic precipitator to comply with the emission limitations and you do not use a PM CPMS for monitoring PM compliance, you must measure the (secondary) voltage and amperage of the electrostatic precipitator collection plates during the particulate matter performance test. Calculate the average electric power value (secondary voltage x secondary current = secondary electric power) for each test run. The operating limit for the electrostatic precipitator is calculated as the lowest 1-hour average secondary electric power measured during the most recent performance test demonstrating compliance with the particulate matter emission limitations. (e) If you use activated carbon sorbent injection to comply with the emission limitations, you must measure the sorbent flow rate during the performance testing. The operating limit for the carbon sorbent injection is calculated as the lowest 1-hour average sorbent flow rate measured during the most recent performance test demonstrating compliance with the mercury emission limitations. For energy recovery units, when your unit operates at lower loads, multiply your sorbent injection rate by the load fraction, as defined in this subpart, to determine the required injection rate (e.g., for 50 percent load, multiply the injection rate operating limit by 0.5). (f) If you use selective noncatalytic reduction to comply with the emission limitations, you must measure the charge rate, the secondary chamber temperature (if applicable to your CISWI unit), and the reagent flow rate during the nitrogen oxides performance testing. The operating limits for the selective noncatalytic reduction are calculated as the highest 1-hour average charge rate, lowest secondary chamber temperature, and lowest reagent flow rate measured during the most recent performance test demonstrating compliance with the nitrogen oxides emission limitations. [[Page 3573]] (g) If you use a dry scrubber to comply with the emission limitations, you must measure the injection rate of each sorbent during the performance testing. The operating limit for the injection rate of each sorbent is calculated as the lowest 1-hour average injection rate of each sorbent measured during the most recent performance test demonstrating compliance with the hydrogen chloride emission limitations. For energy recovery units, when your unit operates at lower loads, multiply your sorbent injection rate by the load fraction, as defined in this subpart, to determine the required injection rate (e.g., for 50 percent load, multiply the injection rate operating limit by 0.5). (h) If you do not use a wet scrubber, electrostatic precipitator, or fabric filter to comply with the emission limitations, and if you do not determine compliance with your particulate matter emission limitation with either a particulate matter CEMS or a particulate matter CPMS, you must maintain opacity to less than or equal to ten percent opacity (1-hour block average). (i) If you use a PM CPMS to demonstrate compliance, you must establish your PM CPMS operating limit and determine compliance with it according to paragraphs (i)(1) through (5) of this section: (1) During the initial performance test or any subsequent performance test that demonstrates compliance with the PM limit, record all hourly average output values (milliamps, or the digital signal equivalent) from the PM CPMS for the periods corresponding to the test runs (e.g., three 1-hour average PM CPMS output values for three 1-hour test runs): (i) Your PM CPMS must provide a 4-20 milliamp output, or the digital signal equivalent, and the establishment of its relationship to manual reference method measurements must be determined in units of milliamps or digital bits; (ii) Your PM CPMS operating range must be capable of reading PM concentrations from zero to a level equivalent to at least two times your allowable emission limit. If your PM CPMS is an auto-ranging instrument capable of multiple scales, the primary range of the instrument must be capable of reading PM concentration from zero to a level equivalent to two times your allowable emission limit; and (iii) During the initial performance test or any subsequent performance test that demonstrates compliance with the PM limit, record and average all milliamp output values, or their digital equivalent, from the PM CPMS for the periods corresponding to the compliance test runs (e.g., average all your PM CPMS output values for three corresponding 2-hour Method 5I test runs). (2) If the average of your three PM performance test runs are below 75 percent of your PM emission limit, you must calculate an operating limit by establishing a relationship of PM CPMS signal to PM concentration using the PM CPMS instrument zero, the average PM CPMS output values corresponding to the three compliance test runs, and the average PM concentration from the Method 5 or performance test with the procedures in (i)(1) through (5) of this section: (i) Determine your instrument zero output with one of the following procedures: (A) Zero point data for in-situ instruments should be obtained by removing the instrument from the stack and monitoring ambient air on a test bench; (B) Zero point data for extractive instruments should be obtained by removing the extractive probe from the stack and drawing in clean ambient air; (C) The zero point can also can be established obtained by performing manual reference method measurements when the flue gas is free of PM emissions or contains very low PM concentrations (e.g., when your process is not operating, but the fans are operating or your source is combusting only natural gas) and plotting these with the compliance data to find the zero intercept; and (D) If none of the steps in paragraphs (i)(2)(i)(A) through (C) of this section are possible, you must use a zero output value provided by the manufacturer. (ii) Determine your PM CPMS instrument average in milliamps, or the digital equivalent, and the average of your corresponding three PM compliance test runs, using equation 1: [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP11JA17.007 Where: X1 = the PM CPMS output data points for the three runs constituting the performance test, Y1 = the PM concentration value for the three runs constituting the performance test, and n = the number of data points. (iii) With your instrument zero expressed in milliamps, or the digital equivalent, your three run average PM CPMS milliamp value, or its digital equivalent, and your three run average PM concentration from your three compliance tests, determine a relationship of mg/dscm per milliamp or digital signal equivalent, with equation 2: [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP11JA17.008 Where: R = the relative mg/dscm per milliamp, or the digital equivalent, for your PM CPMS, Y1 = the three run average mg/dscm PM concentration, X1 = the three run average milliamp output, or the digital equivalent, from your PM CPMS, and Z = the milliamp or digital signal equivalent of your instrument zero determined from paragraph (i)(2)(i) of this section. (iv) Determine your source specific 30-day rolling average operating limit using the mg/dscm per milliamp value, or per digital signal equivalent, from equation 2 in equation 3, below. This sets your operating limit at the PM CPMS output value corresponding to 75 percent of your emission limit: [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP11JA17.009 Where: Ol = the operating limit for your PM CPMS on a 30-day rolling average, in milliamps or their digital signal equivalent, L = your source emission limit expressed in mg/dscm, z = your instrument zero in milliamps or digital equivalent, determined from paragraph (i)(2)(i) of this section, and R = the relative mg/dscm per milliamp, or per digital signal output equivalent, for your PM CPMS, from equation 2. (3) If the average of your three PM compliance test runs is at or above 75 percent of your PM emission limit you must determine your operating limit by averaging the PM CPMS milliamp or digital signal output corresponding to your three PM performance test runs that demonstrate compliance with the emission limit using equation 4 and you must submit all compliance test and PM CPMS data according to the reporting requirements in paragraph (i)(5) of this section: [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP11JA17.010 Where: X1 = the PM CPMS data points for all runs i, n = the number of data points, and Oh = your site specific operating limit, in milliamps or digital signal equivalent. (4) To determine continuous compliance, you must record the PM CPMS output data for all periods when the process is operating and the PM CPMS is not out-of-control. You must demonstrate continuous compliance by using all quality-assured hourly average [[Page 3574]] data collected by the PM CPMS for all operating hours to calculate the arithmetic average operating parameter in units of the operating limit (e.g., milliamps or digital signal bits, PM concentration, raw data signal) on a 30-day rolling average basis. (5) For PM performance test reports used to set a PM CPMS operating limit, the electronic submission of the test report must also include the make and model of the PM CPMS instrument, serial number of the instrument, analytical principle of the instrument (e.g., beta attenuation), span of the instruments primary analytical range, milliamp or digital signal value equivalent to the instrument zero output, technique by which this zero value was determined, and the average milliamp or digital signals corresponding to each PM compliance test run. Sec. 62.14640 What if I do not use a wet scrubber, fabric filter, activated carbon injection, selective noncatalytic reduction, an electrostatic precipitator, or a dry scrubber to comply with the emission limitations? If you use an air pollution control device other than a wet scrubber, activated carbon injection, selective noncatalytic reduction, fabric filter, an electrostatic precipitator, or a dry scrubber or limit emissions in some other manner, including mass balances, to comply with the emission limitations under Sec. 62.14630, you must petition the EPA Administrator for specific operating limits to be established during the initial performance test and continuously monitored thereafter. You must submit the petition at least sixty days before the performance test is scheduled to begin. Your petition must include the five items listed in paragraphs (a) through (e) of this section. (a) Identification of the specific parameters you propose to use as additional operating limits. (b) A discussion of the relationship between these parameters and emissions of regulated pollutants, identifying how emissions of regulated pollutants change with changes in these parameters, and how limits on these parameters will serve to limit emissions of regulated pollutants. (c) A discussion of how you will establish the upper and/or lower values for these parameters that will establish the operating limits on these parameters. (d) A discussion identifying the methods you will use to measure and the instruments you will use to monitor these parameters, as well as the relative accuracy and precision of these methods and instruments. (e) A discussion identifying the frequency and methods for recalibrating the instruments you will use for monitoring these parameters. Sec. 62.14645 [Reserved] Performance Testing Sec. 62.14650 How do I conduct the initial and annual performance test? (a) All performance tests must consist of a minimum of three test runs conducted under conditions representative of normal operations. (b) You must document that the waste burned during the performance test is representative of the waste burned under normal operating conditions by maintaining a log of the quantity of waste burned (as required in Sec. 62.14700(b)(1)) and the types of waste burned during the performance test. (c) All performance tests must be conducted using the minimum run duration specified in tables 1 and 5 through 8 of this subpart. (d) Method 1 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A must be used to select the sampling location and number of traverse points. (e) Method 3A or 3B of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A must be used for gas composition analysis, including measurement of oxygen concentration. Method 3A or 3B of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A must be used simultaneously with each method. (f) All pollutant concentrations, except for opacity, must be adjusted to 7 percent oxygen using Equation 5 of this section: [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP11JA17.011 Where: Cadj = pollutant concentration adjusted to 7 percent oxygen; Cmeas = pollutant concentration measured on a dry basis; (20.9-7) = 20.9 percent oxygen-7 percent oxygen (defined oxygen correction basis); 20.9 = oxygen concentration in air, percent; and %O2 = oxygen concentration measured on a dry basis, percent. (g) You must determine dioxins/furans toxic equivalency by following the procedures in paragraphs (g)(1) through (4) of this section. (1) Measure the concentration of each dioxin/furan (tetra- through octa-) isomer emitted using EPA Method 23 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7. (2) Quantify isomers meeting identification criteria 2, 3, 4, and 5 in Section 5.3.2.5 of Method 23, regardless of whether the isomers meet identification criteria 1 and 7. You must quantify the isomers per Section 9.0 of Method 23. [Note: You may reanalyze the sample aliquot or split to reduce the number of isomers not meeting identification criteria 1 or 7 of Section 5.3.2.5.]. (3) For each dioxin/furan (tetra- through octa-chlorinated) isomer measured in accordance with paragraph (g)(1) and (2) of this section, multiply the isomer concentration by its corresponding toxic equivalency factor specified in table 3 of this subpart; and (4) Sum the products calculated in accordance with paragraph (g)(3) of this section to obtain the total concentration of dioxins/furans emitted in terms of toxic equivalency. (h) Method 22 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7 must be used to determine compliance with the fugitive ash emission limit in table 5, 6, or 8 of this subpart. (i) If you have an applicable opacity operating limit, you must determine compliance with the opacity limit using Method 9 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-4, based on three 1-hour blocks consisting of ten 6-minute average opacity values, unless you are required to install a continuous opacity monitoring system, consistent with Sec. Sec. 62.14670 and 62.14690. (j) You must determine dioxins/furans total mass basis by following the procedures in paragraphs (j)(1) through (3) of this section: (1) Measure the concentration of each dioxin/furan tetra- through octa-chlorinated isomer emitted using EPA Method 23 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7; (2) Quantify isomers meeting identification criteria 2, 3, 4, and 5 in Section 5.3.2.5 of Method 23, regardless of whether the isomers meet identification criteria 1 and 7. You must quantify the isomers per Section 9.0 of Method 23. (Note: You may reanalyze the sample aliquot or split to reduce the number of isomers not meeting identification criteria 1 or 7 of Section 5.3.2.5.); and [[Page 3575]] (3) Sum the quantities measured in accordance with paragraphs (j)(1) and (2) of this section to obtain the total concentration of dioxins/furans emitted in terms of total mass basis. Sec. 62.14655 How are the performance test data used? You use results of performance tests to demonstrate compliance with the emission limitations in Table 1 of this subpart or tables 5 through 8 of this subpart. Initial Compliance Requirements Sec. 62.14660 How do I demonstrate initial compliance with the emission limitations and establish the operating limits? You must conduct an initial performance test to determine compliance with the emission limitations in Table 1 of this subpart and tables 5 through 8 of this subpart, to establish compliance with any opacity operating limits in Sec. 62.14635, to establish the kiln- specific emission limit in Sec. 62.14670(y), as applicable, and to establish operating limits using the procedure in Sec. 62.14635 or Sec. 62.14640. The initial performance test must be conducted using the test methods listed in table 1 of this subpart and tables 5 through 8 of this subpart and the procedures in Sec. 62.14650. The use of the bypass stack during a performance test shall invalidate the performance test. You must conduct a performance evaluation of each continuous monitoring system within 60 days of installation of the monitoring system. Sec. 62.14665 By what date must I conduct the initial performance test? (a) The initial performance test must be conducted no later than 180 days after your final compliance date. Your final compliance date is February 7, 2018, or the date you restart your CISWI unit if later than February 7, 2018. (b) If you commence or recommence combusting a solid waste at an existing combustion unit at any commercial or industrial facility and you conducted a test consistent with the provisions of this subpart while combusting the given solid waste within the 6 months preceding the reintroduction of that solid waste in the combustion chamber, you do not need to retest until 6 months from the date you reintroduce that solid waste. (c) If you commence or recommence combusting a solid waste at an existing combustion unit at any commercial or industrial facility and you have not conducted a performance test consistent with the provisions of this subpart while combusting the given solid waste within the 6 months preceding the reintroduction of that solid waste in the combustion chamber, you must conduct a performance test within 60 days from the date you reintroduce solid waste. Sec. 62.14666 By what date must I conduct the initial air pollution control device inspection? (a) The initial air pollution control device inspection must be conducted within 60 days after installation of the control device and the associated CISWI unit reaches the charge rate at which it will operate, but no later than 180 days after the final compliance date for meeting the amended emission limitations. (b) Within 10 operating days following an air pollution control device inspection, all necessary repairs must be completed unless the owner or operator obtains written approval from the state agency establishing a date whereby all necessary repairs of the designated facility must be completed. Continuous Compliance Requirements Sec. 62.14670 How do I demonstrate continuous compliance with the emission limitations and the operating limits? (a) Compliance with standards. (1) The emission standards and operating requirements set forth in this subpart apply at all times. (2) If you cease combusting solid waste you may opt to remain subject to the provisions of this subpart. Consistent with the definition of CISWI unit, you are subject to the requirements of this subpart at least 6 months following the last date of solid waste combustion. Solid waste combustion is ceased when solid waste is not in the combustion chamber (i.e., the solid waste feed to the combustor has been cut off for a period of time not less than the solid waste residence time). (3) If you cease combusting solid waste you must be in compliance with any newly applicable standards on the effective date of the waste- to-fuel switch. The effective date of the waste-to-fuel switch is a date selected by you, that must be at least 6 months from the date that you ceased combusting solid waste, consistent with paragraph (a)(2) of this section. Your source must remain in compliance with this subpart until the effective date of the waste-to-fuel switch. (4) If you own or operate an existing commercial or industrial combustion unit that combusted a fuel or non-waste material, and you commence or recommence combustion of solid waste, you are subject to the provisions of this subpart as of the first day you introduce or reintroduce solid waste to the combustion chamber, and this date constitutes the effective date of the fuel-to-waste switch. You must complete all initial compliance demonstrations for any Section 112 standards that are applicable to your facility before you commence or recommence combustion of solid waste. You must provide 30 days prior notice of the effective date of the waste-to-fuel switch. The notification must identify: (i) The name of the owner or operator of the CISWI unit, the location of the source, the emissions unit(s) that will cease burning solid waste, and the date of the notice; (ii) The currently applicable subcategory under this subpart, and any 40 CFR part 63 subpart and subcategory that will be applicable after you cease combusting solid waste; (iii) The fuel(s), non-waste material(s) and solid waste(s) the CISWI unit is currently combusting and has combusted over the past 6 months, and the fuel(s) or non-waste materials the unit will commence combusting; (iv) The date on which you became subject to the currently applicable emission limits; (v) The date upon which you will cease combusting solid waste, and the date (if different) that you intend for any new requirements to become applicable (i.e., the effective date of the waste-to-fuel switch), consistent with paragraphs (a)(2) and (3) of this section. (5) All air pollution control equipment necessary for compliance with any newly applicable emissions limits which apply as a result of the cessation or commencement or recommencement of combusting solid waste must be installed and operational as of the effective date of the waste-to-fuel, or fuel-to-waste switch. (6) All monitoring systems necessary for compliance with any newly applicable monitoring requirements which apply as a result of the cessation or commencement or recommencement of combusting solid waste must be installed and operational as of the effective date of the waste-to-fuel, or fuel-to-waste switch. All calibration and drift checks must be performed as of the effective date of the waste-to-fuel, or fuel-to-waste switch. Relative accuracy tests must be performed as of the performance test deadline for PM CEMS (if PM CEMS are elected to demonstrate continuous compliance with the particulate matter emission limits). Relative accuracy testing for other CEMS need not be repeated if that testing was previously performed consistent with section 112 monitoring requirements or monitoring requirements under this subpart. [[Page 3576]] (b) You must conduct an annual performance test for the pollutants listed in table 1 of this subpart or tables 5 through 8 of this subpart and opacity for each CISWI unit as required under Sec. 62.14650. The annual performance test must be conducted using the test methods listed in table 1 or tables 5 through 8 of this subpart and the procedures in Sec. 62.14650. Opacity must be measured using EPA Reference Method 9 at 40 CFR part 60. Annual performance tests are not required if you use CEMS or continuous opacity monitoring systems to determine compliance. (c) You must continuously monitor the operating parameters specified in Sec. 62.14635 or established under Sec. 62.14640. Operation above the established maximum or below the established minimum operating limits constitutes a deviation from the established operating limits. Three-hour block average values are used to determine compliance (except for baghouse leak detection system alarms) unless a different averaging period is established under Sec. 62.14640 or, for energy recovery units, where the averaging time for each operating parameter is a 30-day rolling average, calculated each hour as the average of the previous 720 operating hours over the previous 30 days of operation. Operation above the established maximum, below the established minimum, or outside the allowable range of the operating limits specified in paragraph (a) of this section constitutes a deviation from your operating limits established under this subpart, except during performance tests conducted to determine compliance with the emission and operating limits or to establish new operating limits. Operating limits are confirmed or reestablished during performance tests. (d) You must burn only the same types of waste and fuels used to establish subcategory applicability (for ERUs) and operating limits during the performance test. (e) For energy recovery units, incinerators, and small remote units, you must perform annual visual emissions tests for ash handling. (f) For energy recovery units, you must conduct an annual performance test for opacity using EPA Reference Method 9 at 40 CFR part 60, apppendix A-4 (except where particulate matter continuous monitoring system or continuous parameter monitoring systems are used) and the pollutants listed in table 6 of this subpart. (g) For facilities using a CEMS to demonstrate compliance with the carbon monoxide emission limit, compliance with the carbon monoxide emission limit may be demonstrated by using the CEMS according to the following requirements: (1) You must measure emissions according to Sec. 60.13 to calculate 1-hour arithmetic averages, corrected to 7 percent oxygen. CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this subpart, are not corrected to 7 percent oxygen, and are measured at stack oxygen content. You must demonstrate initial compliance with the carbon monoxide emissions limit using a 30-day rolling average of the 1-hour arithmetic average emission concentrations, including CEMS data during startup and shutdown as defined in this subpart, calculated using equation 19-19 in section 12.4.1 of EPA Reference Method 19 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7. (2) Operate the carbon monoxide continuous emissions monitoring system in accordance with the applicable requirements of performance specification 4A of appendix B and the quality assurance procedures of appendix F of this part. (h) Coal and liquid/gas energy recovery units with annual average heat input rates greater than 250 MMBtu/hr may elect to demonstrate continuous compliance with the particulate matter emissions limit using a particulate matter CEMS according to the procedures in Sec. 62.14690(n) instead of the continuous parameter monitoring system specified in Sec. 62.14670(i). Coal and liquid/gas energy recovery units with annual average heat input rates less than 250 MMBtu/hr, incinerators, and small remote incinerators may also elect to demonstrate compliance using a particulate matter CEMS according to the procedures in Sec. 62.14690(n) instead of particulate matter testing with EPA Method 5 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-3 and, if applicable, the continuous opacity monitoring requirements in paragraph (i) of this section. (i) For energy recovery units with annual average heat input rates greater than or equal to 10 MMBTU/hour but less than 250 MMBtu/hr you must install, operate, certify and maintain a continuous opacity monitoring system (COMS) according to the procedures in Sec. 62.14690. (j) For waste-burning kilns, you must conduct an annual performance test for the pollutants (except mercury and particulate matter, and hydrogen chloride if no acid gas wet scrubber is used) listed in table 7 of this subpart. If you do not use an acid gas wet scrubber or dry scrubber, you must determine compliance with the hydrogen chloride emissions limit according to the requirements in paragraph (j)(1) of this section. You must determine compliance with the mercury emissions limit using a mercury CEMS according to paragraph (j)(2) of this section. You must determine compliance with particulate matter using CPMS: (1) If you monitor compliance with the HCl emissions limit by operating an HCl CEMS, you must do so in accordance with Performance Specification 15 (PS 15) of appendix B to 40 CFR part 60, or, PS 18 of appendix B to 40 CFR part 60. You must operate, maintain, and quality assure a HCl CEMS installed and certified under PS 15 according to the quality assurance requirements in Procedure 1 of appendix F to 40 CFR part 60 except that the Relative Accuracy Test Audit requirements of Procedure 1 must be replaced with the validation requirements and criteria of sections 11.1.1 and 12.0 of PS 15. You must operate, maintain and quality assure a HCl CEMS installed and certified under PS 18 according to the quality assurance requirements in Procedure 6 of appendix F to 40 CFR part 60. For any performance specification that you use, you must use Method 321 of appendix A to 40 CFR part 63 as the reference test method for conducting relative accuracy testing. The span value and calibration requirements in paragraphs (j)(1)(i) and (ii) of this section apply to all HCl CEMS used under this subpart: (i) You must use a measurement span value for any HCl CEMS of 0-10 ppmvw unless the monitor is installed on a kiln without an inline raw mill. Kilns without an inline raw mill may use a higher span value sufficient to quantify all expected emissions concentrations. The HCl CEMS data recorder output range must include the full range of expected HCl concentration values which would include those expected during ``mill off'' conditions. The corresponding data recorder range shall be documented in the site-specific monitoring plan and associated records; and (ii) In order to quality assure data measured above the span value, you must use one of the three options in paragraphs (j)(1)(ii)(A) through (C) of this section: (A) Include a second span that encompasses the HCl emission concentrations expected to be encountered during ``mill off'' conditions. This second span may be rounded to a multiple of 5 ppm of total HCl. The requirements of the appropriate HCl monitor performance specification shall be followed for this second span with the exception that a RATA with the mill off is not required; [[Page 3577]] (B) Quality assure any data above the span value by proving instrument linearity beyond the span value established in paragraph (j)(1)(i) of this section using the following procedure. Conduct a weekly ``above span linearity'' calibration challenge of the monitoring system using a reference gas with a certified value greater than your highest expected hourly concentration or greater than 75% of the highest measured hourly concentration. The ``above span'' reference gas must meet the requirements of the applicable performance specification and must be introduced to the measurement system at the probe. Record and report the results of this procedure as you would for a daily calibration. The ``above span linearity'' challenge is successful if the value measured by the HCl CEMS falls within 10 percent of the certified value of the reference gas. If the value measured by the HCl CEMS during the above span linearity challenge exceeds 10 percent of the certified value of the reference gas, the monitoring system must be evaluated and repaired and a new ``above span linearity'' challenge met before returning the HCl CEMS to service, or data above span from the HCl CEMS must be subject to the quality assurance procedures established in (j)(1)(ii)(D) of this section. In this manner values measured by the HCl CEMS during the above span linearity challenge exceeding +/-20 percent of the certified value of the reference gas must be normalized using equation 6; (C) Quality assure any data above the span value established in paragraph (j)(1)(i) of this section using the following procedure. Any time two consecutive one-hour average measured concentration of HCl exceeds the span value you must, within 24 hours before or after, introduce a higher, ``above span'' HCl reference gas standard to the HCl CEMS. The ``above span'' reference gas must meet the requirements of the applicable performance specification and target a concentration level between 50 and 150 percent of the highest expected hourly concentration measured during the period of measurements above span, and must be introduced at the probe. While this target represents a desired concentration range that is not always achievable in practice, it is expected that the intent to meet this range is demonstrated by the value of the reference gas. Expected values may include above span calibrations done before or after the above-span measurement period. Record and report the results of this procedure as you would for a daily calibration. The ``above span'' calibration is successful if the value measured by the HCl CEMS is within 20 percent of the certified value of the reference gas. If the value measured by the HCl CEMS is not within 20 percent of the certified value of the reference gas, then you must normalize the stack gas values measured above span as described in paragraph (j)(1)(ii)(D) of this section. If the ``above span'' calibration is conducted during the period when measured emissions are above span and there is a failure to collect the one data point in an hour due to the calibration duration, then you must determine the emissions average for that missed hour as the average of hourly averages for the hour preceding the missed hour and the hour following the missed hour. In an hour where an ``above span'' calibration is being conducted and one or more data points are collected, the emissions average is represented by the average of all valid data points collected in that hour; and (D) In the event that the ``above span'' calibration is not successful (i.e., the HCl CEMS measured value is not within 20 percent of the certified value of the reference gas), then you must normalize the one-hour average stack gas values measured above the span during the 24-hour period preceding or following the ``above span'' calibration for reporting based on the HCl CEMS response to the reference gas as shown in equation 6: [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP11JA17.012 Only one ``above span'' calibration is needed per 24-hour period. (2) Compliance with the mercury emissions limit must be determined using a mercury CEMS according to the following requirements: (i) You must operate a CEMS in accordance with performance specification 12A at 40 CFR part 60, appendix B or a sorbent trap based integrated monitor in accordance with performance specification 12B at 40 CFR part 60, appendix B. The duration of the performance test must be a calendar month. For each calendar month in which the waste-burning kiln operates, hourly mercury concentration data and stack gas volumetric flow rate data must be obtained. You must demonstrate compliance with the mercury emissions limit using a 30-day rolling average of these 1-hour mercury concentrations, including CEMS data during startup and shutdown as defined in this subpart, calculated using equation 19-19 in section 12.4.1 of EPA Reference Method 19 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7. CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this subpart, are not corrected to 7 percent oxygen, and are measured at stack oxygen content; (ii) Owners or operators using a mercury continuous emissions monitoring systems must install, operate, calibrate and maintain an instrument for continuously measuring and recording the mercury mass emissions rate to the atmosphere according to the requirements of performance specifications 6 and 12A at 40 CFR part 60, appendix B and quality assurance procedure 5 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix F; and (iii) The owner or operator of a waste-burning kiln must demonstrate initial compliance by operating a mercury CEMS while the raw mill of the in-line kiln/raw mill is operating under normal conditions and including at least one period when the raw mill is off. (k) If you use an air pollution control device to meet the emission limitations in this subpart, you must conduct an initial and annual inspection of the air pollution control device. The inspection must include, at a minimum, the following: (1) Inspect air pollution control device(s) for proper operation; and (2) Develop a site-specific monitoring plan according to the requirements in paragraph (l) of this section. This requirement also applies to you if you petition the EPA Administrator for alternative monitoring parameters under Sec. 60.13(i). (l) For each CMS required in this section, you must develop and submit to the EPA Administrator for approval a site-specific monitoring plan according to the requirements of this paragraph (l) that addresses paragraphs (l)(1)(i) through (vi) of this section: (1) You must submit this site-specific monitoring plan at least 60 days before your initial performance evaluation of your continuous monitoring system: (i) Installation of the continuous monitoring system sampling probe or other interface at a measurement location relative to each affected process unit such that the measurement is representative of control of the exhaust [[Page 3578]] emissions (e.g., on or downstream of the last control device); (ii) Performance and equipment specifications for the sample interface, the pollutant concentration or parametric signal analyzer and the data collection and reduction systems; (iii) Performance evaluation procedures and acceptance criteria (e.g., calibrations); (iv) Ongoing operation and maintenance procedures in accordance with the general requirements of Sec. 60.11(d); (v) Ongoing data quality assurance procedures in accordance with the general requirements of Sec. 60.13; and (vi) Ongoing recordkeeping and reporting procedures in accordance with the general requirements of Sec. 60.7(b), (c), (c)(1), (c)(4), (d), (e), (f) and (g). (2) You must conduct a performance evaluation of each continuous monitoring system in accordance with your site-specific monitoring plan. (3) You must operate and maintain the continuous monitoring system in continuous operation according to the site-specific monitoring plan. (m) If you have an operating limit that requires the use of a flow monitoring system, you must meet the requirements in paragraphs (l) and (m)(1) through (4) of this section: (1) Install the flow sensor and other necessary equipment in a position that provides a representative flow; (2) Use a flow sensor with a measurement sensitivity at full scale of no greater than 2 percent; (3) Minimize the effects of swirling flow or abnormal velocity distributions due to upstream and downstream disturbances; and (4) Conduct a flow monitoring system performance evaluation in accordance with your monitoring plan at the time of each performance test but no less frequently than annually. (n) If you have an operating limit that requires the use of a pressure monitoring system, you must meet the requirements in paragraphs (l) and (n)(1) through (6) of this section: (1) Install the pressure sensor(s) in a position that provides a representative measurement of the pressure (e.g., PM scrubber pressure drop); (2) Minimize or eliminate pulsating pressure, vibration, and internal and external corrosion; (3) Use a pressure sensor with a minimum tolerance of 1.27 centimeters of water or a minimum tolerance of 1 percent of the pressure monitoring system operating range, whichever is less; (4) Perform checks at the frequency outlined in your site-specific monitoring plan to ensure pressure measurements are not obstructed (e.g., check for pressure tap plugging daily); (5) Conduct a performance evaluation of the pressure monitoring system in accordance with your monitoring plan at the time of each performance test but no less frequently than annually; and (6) If at any time the measured pressure exceeds the manufacturer's specified maximum operating pressure range, conduct a performance evaluation of the pressure monitoring system in accordance with your monitoring plan and confirm that the pressure monitoring system continues to meet the performance requirements in your monitoring plan. Alternatively, install and verify the operation of a new pressure sensor. (o) If you have an operating limit that requires a pH monitoring system, you must meet the requirements in paragraphs (l) and (o)(1) through (4) of this section: (1) Install the pH sensor in a position that provides a representative measurement of scrubber effluent pH; (2) Ensure the sample is properly mixed and representative of the fluid to be measured; (3) Conduct a performance evaluation of the pH monitoring system in accordance with your monitoring plan at least once each process operating day; and (4) Conduct a performance evaluation (including a two-point calibration with one of the two buffer solutions having a pH within 1 of the pH of the operating limit) of the pH monitoring system in accordance with your monitoring plan at the time of each performance test but no less frequently than quarterly. (p) If you have an operating limit that requires a secondary electric power monitoring system for an electrostatic precipitator, you must meet the requirements in paragraphs (l) and (p)(1) and (2) of this section: (1) Install sensors to measure (secondary) voltage and current to the precipitator collection plates; and (2) Conduct a performance evaluation of the electric power monitoring system in accordance with your monitoring plan at the time of each performance test but no less frequently than annually. (q) If you have an operating limit that requires the use of a monitoring system to measure sorbent injection rate (e.g., weigh belt, weigh hopper, or hopper flow measurement device), you must meet the requirements in paragraphs (l) and (q)(1) and (2) of this section: (1) Install the system in a position(s) that provides a representative measurement of the total sorbent injection rate; and (2) Conduct a performance evaluation of the sorbent injection rate monitoring system in accordance with your monitoring plan at the time of each performance test but no less frequently than annually. (r) If you elect to use a fabric filter bag leak detection system to comply with the requirements of this subpart, you must install, calibrate, maintain, and continuously operate a bag leak detection system as specified in paragraphs (l) and (r)(1) through (5) of this section: (1) Install a bag leak detection sensor(s) in a position(s) that will be representative of the relative or absolute particulate matter loadings for each exhaust stack, roof vent, or compartment (e.g., for a positive pressure fabric filter) of the fabric filter; (2) Use a bag leak detection system certified by the manufacturer to be capable of detecting particulate matter emissions at concentrations of 10 milligrams per actual cubic meter or less; (3) Conduct a performance evaluation of the bag leak detection system in accordance with your monitoring plan and consistent with the guidance provided in ``Fabric Filter Bag Leak Detection Guidance,'' (EPA-454/R-98-015, September 1997). This document is available from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA); Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards; Sector Policies and Programs Division; Measurement Policy Group (D-243-02), Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. This document is also available on the Technology Transfer Network under Emissions Measurement Center Continuous Emissions Monitoring; (4) Use a bag leak detection system equipped with a device to continuously record the output signal from the sensor; and (5) Use a bag leak detection system equipped with a system that will sound an alarm when an increase in relative particulate matter emissions over a preset level is detected. The alarm must be located where it is observed readily by plant operating personnel. (s) For facilities using a CEMS to demonstrate compliance with the sulfur dioxide emission limit, compliance with the sulfur dioxide emission limit may be demonstrated by using the CEMS specified in Sec. 62.14690 to measure sulfur dioxide. CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this subpart, are not corrected to 7 percent oxygen, and are measured at stack oxygen content. You must calculate a 30-day rolling average of the 1-hour [[Page 3579]] arithmetic average emission concentrations, including CEMS data during startup and shutdown as defined in this subpart, using equation 19-19 in section 12.4.1 of EPA Reference Method 19 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7. The sulfur dioxide CEMS must be operated according to performance specification 2 in appendix B of 40 CFR part 60 and must follow the procedures and methods specified in paragraph (s) of this section. For sources that have actual inlet emissions less than 100 parts per million dry volume, the relative accuracy criterion for inlet sulfur dioxide CEMS should be no greater than 20 percent of the mean value of the reference method test data in terms of the units of the emission standard, or 5 parts per million dry volume absolute value of the mean difference between the reference method and the CEMS, whichever is greater: (1) During each relative accuracy test run of the CEMS required by performance specification 2 in appendix B of 40 CFR part 60, collect sulfur dioxide and oxygen (or carbon dioxide) data concurrently (or within a 30- to 60-minute period) with both the CEMS and the test methods specified in paragraphs (s)(1)(i) and (ii) of this section: (i) For sulfur dioxide, EPA Reference Method 6 or 6C, or as an alternative ANSI/ASME PTC 19.10-1981, Flue and Exhaust Gas Analyses [Part 10, Instruments and Apparatus] must be used (see paragraph (z) of this section); and (ii) For oxygen (or carbon dioxide), EPA Reference Method 3A or 3B, or as an alternative ANSI/ASME PTC 19.10-1981, Flue and Exhaust Gas Analyses [Part 10, Instruments and Apparatus], as applicable, must be used (see paragraph (z) of this secion). (2) The span value of the CEMS at the inlet to the sulfur dioxide control device must be 125 percent of the maximum estimated hourly potential sulfur dioxide emissions of the unit subject to this rule. The span value of the CEMS at the outlet of the sulfur dioxide control device must be 50 percent of the maximum estimated hourly potential sulfur dioxide emissions of the unit subject to this rule. (3) Conduct accuracy determinations quarterly and calibration drift tests daily in accordance with procedure 1 in appendix F of 40 CFR part 60. (t) For facilities using a CEMS to demonstrate continuous compliance with the nitrogen oxides emission limit, compliance with the nitrogen oxides emission limit may be demonstrated by using the CEMS specified in Sec. 62.14690 to measure nitrogen oxides. CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this subpart, are not corrected to 7 percent oxygen, and are measured at stack oxygen content. You must calculate a 30-day rolling average of the 1-hour arithmetic average emission concentration using equation 19-19 in section 12.4.1 of EPA Reference Method 19 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7. The nitrogen oxides CEMS must be operated according to performance specification 2 in appendix B of 40 CFR part 60 and must follow the procedures and methods specified in paragraphs (t)(1) through (4) of this section: (1) During each relative accuracy test run of the CEMS required by performance specification 2 of appendix B of 40 CFR part 60, collect nitrogen oxides and oxygen (or carbon dioxide) data concurrently (or within a 30- to 60-minute period) with both the CEMS and the test methods specified in paragraphs (t)(1)(i) and (ii) of this section: (i) For nitrogen oxides, EPA Reference Method 7 or 7E at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-4 must be used; and (ii) For oxygen (or carbon dioxide), EPA Reference Method 3A or 3B, or as an alternative ANSI/ASME PTC 19.10-1981, Flue and Exhaust Gas Analyses [Part 10, Instruments and Apparatus], as applicable, must be used (see paragraph (z) of this section). (2) The span value of the CEMS must be 125 percent of the maximum estimated hourly potential nitrogen oxide emissions of unit. (3) Conduct accuracy determinations quarterly and calibration drift tests daily in accordance with procedure 1 in appendix F of 40 CFR part 60. (4) The owner or operator of an affected facility may request that compliance with the nitrogen oxides emission limit be determined using carbon dioxide measurements corrected to an equivalent of 7 percent oxygen. If carbon dioxide is selected for use in diluent corrections, the relationship between oxygen and carbon dioxide levels must be established during the initial performance test according to the procedures and methods specified in paragraphs (t)(4)(i) through (iv) of this section. This relationship may be reestablished during performance compliance tests: (i) The fuel factor equation in Method 3B must be used to determine the relationship between oxygen and carbon dioxide at a sampling location. Method 3A, 3B, or as an alternative ANSI/ASME PTC 19.10-1981, Flue and Exhaust Gas Analyses [Part 10, Instruments and Apparatus], as applicable, must be used to determine the oxygen concentration at the same location as the carbon dioxide monitor (see paragraph (z) of this section); (ii) Samples must be taken for at least 30 minutes in each hour; (iii) Each sample must represent a 1-hour average; and (iv) A minimum of 3 runs must be performed. (u) For facilities using a continuous emissions monitoring system to demonstrate continuous compliance with any of the emission limits of this subpart, you must complete the following: (1) Demonstrate compliance with the appropriate emission limit(s) using a 30-day rolling average of 1-hour arithmetic average emission concentrations, including CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this subpart, calculated using equation 19-19 in section 12.4.1 of EPA Reference Method 19 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7. CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this subpart, are not corrected to 7 percent oxygen, and are measured at stack oxygen content; and (2) Operate all CEMS in accordance with the applicable procedures under appendices B and F of 40 CFR part 60. (v) Use of the bypass stack at any time is an emissions standards deviation for particulate matter, HCl, Pb, Cd, Hg, NOX , SO2 , and dioxin/furans. (w) For energy recovery units with a design heat input capacity of 100 MMBtu per hour or greater that do not use a carbon monoxide CEMS, you must install, operate, and maintain an oxygen analyzer system as defined in Sec. 62.14840 according to the procedures in paragraphs (w)(1) through (4) of this section: (1) The oxygen analyzer system must be installed by the initial performance test date specified in Sec. 62.14635; (2) You must operate the oxygen trim system within compliance with paragraph (w)(3) of this section at all times; (3) You must maintain the oxygen level such that the 30-day rolling average that is established as the operating limit for oxygen is not below the lowest hourly average oxygen concentration measured during the most recent CO performance test; and (4) You must calculate and record a 30-day rolling average oxygen concentration using equation 19-19 in section 12.4.1 of EPA Reference Method 19 of Appendix A-7 of 40 CFR part 60. (x) For energy recovery units with annual average heat input rates greater than or equal to 250 MMBtu/hour and waste-burning kilns, you must install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a PM CPMS and record the output of the [[Page 3580]] system as specified in paragraphs (x)(1) through (8) of this section. For other energy recovery units, you may elect to use PM CPMS operated in accordance with this section. PM CPMS are suitable in lieu of using other CMS for monitoring PM compliance (e.g., bag leak detectors, electrostatic precipitator secondary power, PM scrubber pressure): (1) Install, calibrate, operate, and maintain your PM CPMS according to the procedures in your approved site-specific monitoring plan developed in accordance with paragraphs (l) and (x)(1)(i) through (iii) of this section: (i) The operating principle of the PM CPMS must be based on in- stack or extractive light scatter, light scintillation, beta attenuation, or mass accumulation of the exhaust gas or representative sample. The reportable measurement output from the PM CPMS must be expressed as milliamps or the digital signal equivalent; (ii) The PM CPMS must have a cycle time (i.e., period required to complete sampling, measurement, and reporting for each measurement) no longer than 60 minutes; and (iii) The PM CPMS must be capable of detecting and responding to particulate matter concentrations increments no greater than 0.5 mg/ actual cubic meter. (2) During the initial performance test or any such subsequent performance test that demonstrates compliance with the PM limit, you must adjust the site-specific operating limit in accordance with the results of the performance test according to the procedures specified in Sec. 62.14635. (3) Collect PM CPMS hourly average output data for all energy recovery unit or waste-burning kiln operating hours. Express the PM CPMS output as milliamps or the digital signal equivalent. (4) Calculate the arithmetic 30-day rolling average of all of the hourly average PM CPMS output collected during all energy recovery unit or waste-burning kiln operating hours data (milliamps or their digital equivalent). (5) You must collect data using the PM CPMS at all times the energy recovery unit or waste-burning kiln is operating and at the intervals specified in paragraph (x)(1)(ii) of this section, except for periods of monitoring system malfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring system malfunctions, required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control activities (including, as applicable, calibration checks and required zero and span adjustments), and any scheduled maintenance as defined in your site-specific monitoring plan. (6) You must use all the data collected during all energy recovery unit or waste-burning kiln operating hours in assessing the compliance with your operating limit except: (i) Any data collected during monitoring system malfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring system malfunctions, or required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control activities conducted during monitoring system malfunctions are not used in calculations (report any such periods in your annual deviation report); (ii) Any data collected during periods when the monitoring system is out of control as specified in your site-specific monitoring plan, repairs associated with periods when the monitoring system is out of control, or required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control activities conducted during out-of-control periods are not used in calculations (report emissions or operating levels and report any such periods in your annual deviation report); (iii) Any PM CPMS data recorded during periods of CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this subpart. (7) You must record and make available upon request results of PM CPMS system performance audits, as well as the dates and duration of periods from when the PM CPMS is out of control until completion of the corrective actions necessary to return the PM CPMS to operation consistent with your site-specific monitoring plan. (8) For any deviation of the 30-day rolling average PM CPMS average value from the established operating parameter limit, you must: (i) Within 48 hours of the deviation, visually inspect the air pollution control device; (ii) If inspection of the air pollution control device identifies the cause of the deviation, take corrective action as soon as possible and return the PM CPMS measurement to within the established value; (iii) Within 30 days of the deviation or at the time of the annual compliance test, whichever comes first, conduct a PM emissions compliance test to determine compliance with the PM emissions limit and to verify. Within 45 days of the deviation, you must re-establish the CPMS operating limit. You are not required to conduct additional testing for any deviations that occur between the time of the original deviation and the PM emissions compliance test required under paragraph (x) of this section; and (iv) PM CPMS deviations leading to more than four required performance tests in a 12-month process operating period (rolling monthly) constitute a violation of this subpart. (y) When there is an alkali bypass and/or an in-line coal mill that exhaust emissions through a separate stack(s), the combined emissions are subject to the emission limits applicable to waste-burning kilns. To determine the kiln-specific emission limit for demonstrating compliance, you must: (1) Calculate a kiln-specific emission limit using equation 7: [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP11JA17.013 Where: Cks = Kiln stack concentration (ppmvd, mg/dscm, ng/dscm, depending on pollutant. Each corrected to 7% O2 .) Qab = Alkali bypass flow rate (volume/hr). Cab = Alkali bypass concentration (ppmvd, mg/dscm, ng/ dscm, depending on pollutant. Each corrected to 7% O2 .) Qcm = In-line coal mill flow rate (volume/hr). Ccm = In-line coal mill concentration (ppmvd, mg/dscm, ng/dscm, depending on pollutant. Each corrected to 7% O2 .) Qks = Kiln stack flow rate (volume/hr). (2) Particulate matter concentration must be measured downstream of the in-line coal mill. All other pollutant concentrations must be measured either upstream or downstream of the in-line coal mill. (3) For purposes of determining the combined emissions from kilns equipped with an alkali bypass or that exhaust kiln gases to a coal mill that exhausts through a separate stack, instead of installing a CEMS or PM CPMS on the alkali bypass stack or in-line coal mill stack, the results of the initial and subsequent performance test can be used to demonstrate compliance with the relevant emissions limit. A performance test must be conducted on an annual basis (between 11 and 13 calendar months following the previous performance test). [[Page 3581]] (z) Incorporation by reference. These standards are incorporated by reference into this section with the approval of the Director of the Federal Register in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. All approved material is available for inspection at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue NW., Washington, DC 20460, (202) 272-0167, http://www.epa.gov. You may also inspect a copy at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. (1) American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990 (Phone: 1-800-843-2763; Web site: https://www.asme.org/). (i) ANSI/ASME PTC 19.10-1981, Flue and Exhaust Gas Analyses [Part 10, Instruments and Apparatus]. (ii) [Reserved] (2) ASTM Int'l, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, Post Office Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959; or ProQuest, 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48106 (Phone: 1-877-909-2786; Web site: http://www.astm.org/ ). (i) ASTM D6784-02 (Reapproved 2008) Standard Test Method for Elemental, Oxidized, Particle-Bound and Total Mercury in Flue Gas Generated from Coal-Fired Stationary Sources (Ontario Hydro Method), approved April 1, 2008. (ii) [Reserved] (3) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue NW., Washington, DC 20460, (202) 272-0167, http://www.epa.gov. (i) OAQPS Fabric Filter Bag Leak Detection Guidance, EPA-454/R-98- 015, September 1997. (ii) [Reserved] Sec. 62.14675 By what date must I conduct the annual performance test? You must conduct annual performance tests between 11 and 13 months of the previous performance test. Sec. 62.14676 By what date must I conduct the annual air pollution control device inspection? On an annual basis (no more than 12 months following the previous annual air pollution control device inspection), you must complete the air pollution control device inspection as described in Sec. 62.14666. Sec. 62.14680 May I conduct performance testing less often? (a) You must conduct annual performance tests according to the schedule specified in Sec. 62.14675, with the following exceptions: (1) You may conduct a repeat performance test at any time to establish new values for the operating limits to apply from that point forward, as specified in Sec. 62.14685. The Administrator may request a repeat performance test at any time; (2) You must repeat the performance test within 60 days of a process change, as defined in Sec. 62.14840; and (3) If the initial or any subsequent performance test for any pollutant in table 1 or tables 5 through 8 of this subpart, as applicable, demonstrates that the emission level for the pollutant is no greater than the emission level specified in paragraph (a)(3)(i) or (a)(3)(ii) of this section, as applicable, and you are not required to conduct a performance test for the pollutant in response to a request by the Administrator in paragraph (a)(1) of this section or a process change in paragraph (a)(2) of this section, you may elect to skip conducting a performance test for the pollutant for the next 2 years. You must conduct a performance test for the pollutant during the third year and no more than 37 months following the previous performance test for the pollutant. For cadmium and lead, both cadmium and lead must be emitted at emission levels no greater than their respective emission levels specified in paragraph (a)(3)(i) of this section for you to qualify for less frequent testing under paragraph (a) of this section: (i) For particulate matter, hydrogen chloride, mercury, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, cadmium, lead, and dioxins/ furans, the emission level equal to 75 percent of the applicable emission limit in table 1 or tables 5 through 8 of this subpart, as applicable, to this subpart; and (ii) For fugitive emissions, visible emissions (of combustion ash from the ash conveying system) for 2 percent of the time during each of the three 1-hour observation periods. (4) If you are conducting less frequent testing for a pollutant as provided in paragraph (a)(3) of this section and a subsequent performance test for the pollutant indicates that your CISWI unit does not meet the emission level specified in paragraph (a)(3)(i) or (a)(3)(ii) of this section, as applicable, you must conduct annual performance tests for the pollutant according to the schedule specified in paragraph (a) of this section until you qualify for less frequent testing for the pollutant as specified in paragraph (a)(3) of this section. (b) [Reserved]. Sec. 62.14685 May I conduct a repeat performance test to establish new operating limits? (a) Yes. You may conduct a repeat performance test at any time to establish new values for the operating limits. The Administrator may request a repeat performance test at any time. (b) You must repeat the performance test if your feed stream is different than the feed streams used during any performance test used to demonstrate compliance. Monitoring Sec. 62.14690 What monitoring equipment must I install and what parameters must I monitor? (a) If you are using a wet scrubber to comply with the emission limitation under Sec. 62.14630, you must install, calibrate (to manufacturers' specifications), maintain, and operate devices (or establish methods) for monitoring the value of the operating parameters used to determine compliance with the operating limits listed in table 2 of this subpart. These devices (or methods) must measure and record the values for these operating parameters at the frequencies indicated in table 2 of this subpart at all times except as specified in Sec. 62.14695(a). (b) If you use a fabric filter to comply with the requirements of this subpart and you do not use a PM CPMS for monitoring PM compliance, you must install, calibrate, maintain, and continuously operate a bag leak detection system as specified in paragraphs (b)(1) through (8) of this section. (1) You must install and operate a bag leak detection system for each exhaust stack of the fabric filter. (2) Each bag leak detection system must be installed, operated, calibrated, and maintained in a manner consistent with the manufacturer's written specifications and recommendations. (3) The bag leak detection system must be certified by the manufacturer to be capable of detecting particulate matter emissions at concentrations of 10 milligrams per actual cubic meter or less. (4) The bag leak detection system sensor must provide output of relative or absolute particulate matter loadings. (5) The bag leak detection system must be equipped with a device to continuously record the output signal from the sensor. (6) The bag leak detection system must be equipped with an alarm system [[Page 3582]] that will alert automatically an operator when an increase in relative particulate matter emissions over a preset level is detected. The alarm must be located where it is observed easily by plant operating personnel. (7) For positive pressure fabric filter systems, a bag leak detection system must be installed in each baghouse compartment or cell. For negative pressure or induced air fabric filters, the bag leak detector must be installed downstream of the fabric filter. (8) Where multiple detectors are required, the system's instrumentation and alarm may be shared among detectors. (c) If you are using something other than a wet scrubber, activated carbon, selective non-catalytic reduction, an electrostatic precipitator, or a dry scrubber to comply with the emission limitations under Sec. 62.14630, you must install, calibrate (to the manufacturers' specifications), maintain, and operate the equipment necessary to monitor compliance with the site-specific operating limits established using the procedures in Sec. 62.14640. (d) If you use activated carbon injection to comply with the emission limitations in this subpart, you must measure the minimum sorbent flow rate once per hour. (e) If you use selective noncatalytic reduction to comply with the emission limitations, you must complete the following: (1) Following the date on which the initial performance test is completed or is required to be completed under Sec. 62.14650, whichever date comes first, ensure that the affected facility does not operate above the maximum charge rate, or below the minimum secondary chamber temperature (if applicable to your CISWI unit) or the minimum reagent flow rate measured as 3-hour block averages at all times; and (2) Operation of the affected facility above the maximum charge rate, below the minimum secondary chamber temperature and below the minimum reagent flow rate simultaneously constitute a violation of the nitrogen oxides emissions limit. (f) If you use an electrostatic precipitator to comply with the emission limits of this subpart and you do not use a PM CPMS for monitoring PM compliance, you must monitor the secondary power to the electrostatic precipitator collection plates and maintain the 3-hour block averages at or above the operating limits established during the mercury or particulate matter performance test. (g) For waste-burning kilns not equipped with a wet scrubber or dry scrubber, in place of hydrogen chloride testing with EPA Method 321 at 40 CFR part 63, appendix A, an owner or operator must install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a CEMS for monitoring hydrogen chloride emissions, as specified in Sec. 62.14670(j) of this subpart, discharged to the atmosphere and record the output of the system. To demonstrate continuous compliance with the hydrogen chloride emissions limit for units other than waste-burning kilns not equipped with a wet scrubber or dry scrubber, a facility may substitute use of a hydrogen chloride CEMS for conducting the hydrogen chloride annual performance test, monitoring the minimum hydrogen chloride sorbent flow rate, monitoring the minimum scrubber liquor pH. (h) To demonstrate continuous compliance with the particulate matter emissions limit, a facility may substitute use of either a particulate matter CEMS or a particulate matter CPMS for conducting the particulate matter annual performance test and other CMS monitoring for PM compliance (e.g., bag leak detectors, electrostatic precipitator secondary power, PM scrubber pressure). (i) To demonstrate continuous compliance with the dioxin/furan emissions limit, a facility may substitute use of a continuous automated sampling system for the dioxin/furan annual performance test. You must record the output of the system and analyze the sample according to EPA Method 23 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7. This option to use a continuous automated sampling system takes effect on the date a final performance specification applicable to dioxin/furan from continuous monitors is published in the Federal Register. The owner or operator who elects to continuously sample dioxin/furan emissions instead of sampling and testing using EPA Method 23 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7 must install, calibrate, maintain and operate a continuous automated sampling system and must comply with the requirements specified in Sec. 60.58b(p) and (q). A facility may substitute continuous dioxin/furan monitoring for the minimum sorbent flow rate, if activated carbon sorbent injection is used solely for compliance with the dioxin/furan emission limit. (j) To demonstrate continuous compliance with the mercury emissions limit, a facility may substitute use of a continuous automated sampling system for the mercury annual performance test. You must record the output of the system and analyze the sample at set intervals using any suitable determinative technique that can meet performance specification 12B criteria. This option to use a continuous automated sampling system takes effect on the date a final performance specification applicable to mercury from monitors is published in the Federal Register. The owner or operator who elects to continuously sample mercury emissions instead of sampling and testing using EPA Method 29 or 30B at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-8, ASTM D6784-02 (Reapproved 2008) (see Sec. 62.14670(z)), or an approved alternative method for measuring mercury emissions, must install, calibrate, maintain and operate a continuous automated sampling system and must comply with the requirements specified in Sec. 60.58b(p) and (q). A facility may substitute continuous mercury monitoring for the minimum sorbent flow rate, if activated carbon sorbent injection is used solely for compliance with the mercury emission limit. Waste-burning kilns must install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a mercury CEMS as specified in Sec. 62.14670(j) of this subpart. (k) To demonstrate continuous compliance with the nitrogen oxides emissions limit, a facility may substitute use of a CEMS for the nitrogen oxides annual performance test to demonstrate compliance with the nitrogen oxides emissions limits and monitoring the charge rate, secondary chamber temperature and reagent flow for selective noncatalytic reduction, if applicable: (1) Install, calibrate, maintain and operate a CEMS for measuring nitrogen oxides emissions discharged to the atmosphere and record the output of the system. The requirements under performance specification 2 of appendix B of 40 CFR part 60, the quality assurance procedure 1 of appendix F of 40 CFR part 60 and the procedures under Sec. 60.13 must be followed for installation, evaluation and operation of the CEMS; and (2) Following the date that the initial performance test for nitrogen oxides is completed or is required to be completed under Sec. 62.14650, compliance with the emission limit for nitrogen oxides required under Sec. 60.52b(d) must be determined based on the 30-day rolling average of the hourly emission concentrations using CEMS outlet data. The 1-hour arithmetic averages must be expressed in parts per million by volume corrected to 7 percent oxygen (dry basis) and used to calculate the 30-day rolling average concentrations. CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this subpart, are not corrected to 7 percent oxygen, and are measured at stack [[Page 3583]] oxygen content. The 1-hour arithmetic averages must be calculated using the data points required under Sec. 60.13(e)(2). (l) To demonstrate continuous compliance with the sulfur dioxide emissions limit, a facility may substitute use of a continuous automated sampling system for the sulfur dioxide annual performance test to demonstrate compliance with the sulfur dioxide emissions limits: (1) Install, calibrate, maintain and operate a CEMS for measuring sulfur dioxide emissions discharged to the atmosphere and record the output of the system. The requirements under performance specification 2 of appendix B of 40 CFR part 60, the quality assurance requirements of procedure 1 of appendix F of 40 CFR part 60 and the procedures under Sec. 60.13 must be followed for installation, evaluation and operation of the CEMS; and (2) Following the date that the initial performance test for sulfur dioxide is completed or is required to be completed under Sec. 62.14650, compliance with the sulfur dioxide emission limit may be determined based on the 30-day rolling average of the hourly arithmetic average emission concentrations using CEMS outlet data. The 1-hour arithmetic averages must be expressed in parts per million corrected to 7 percent oxygen (dry basis) and used to calculate the 30-day rolling average emission concentrations. CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this subpart, are not corrected to 7 percent oxygen, and are measured at stack oxygen content. The 1-hour arithmetic averages must be calculated using the data points required under Sec. 60.13(e)(2). (m) For energy recovery units over 10 MMBtu/hr but less than 250 MMBtu/hr annual average heat input rates that do not use a wet scrubber, fabric filter with bag leak detection system, or particulate matter CEMS, you must install, operate, certify and maintain a continuous opacity monitoring system according to the procedures in paragraphs (m)(1) through (5) of this section by the compliance date specified in Sec. 62.14630. Energy recovery units that use a particulate matter CEMS to demonstrate initial and continuing compliance according to the procedures in Sec. 62.14690(n) are not required to install a continuous opacity monitoring system and must perform the annual performance tests for opacity consistent with Sec. 62.14670(f): (1) Install, operate and maintain each continuous opacity monitoring system according to performance specification 1 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix B; (2) Conduct a performance evaluation of each continuous opacity monitoring system according to the requirements in Sec. 60.13 and according to performance specification 1 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix B; (3) As specified in Sec. 60.13(e)(1), each continuous opacity monitoring system must complete a minimum of one cycle of sampling and analyzing for each successive 10-second period and one cycle of data recording for each successive 6-minute period; (4) Reduce the continuous opacity monitoring system data as specified in Sec. 60.13(h)(1); and (5) Determine and record all the 6-minute averages (and 1-hour block averages as applicable) collected. (n) For coal and liquid/gas energy recovery units, incinerators, and small remote incinerators, an owner or operator may elect to install, calibrate, maintain and operate a CEMS for monitoring particulate matter emissions discharged to the atmosphere and record the output of the system. The owner or operator of an affected facility who continuously monitors particulate matter emissions instead of conducting performance testing using EPA Method 5 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-3 or, as applicable, monitor with a particulate matter CPMS according to paragraph (r) of this section, must install, calibrate, maintain and operate a CEMS and must comply with the requirements specified in paragraphs (n)(1) through (13) of this section: (1) Notify the Administrator 1 month before starting use of the system; (2) Notify the Administrator 1 month before stopping use of the system; (3) The monitor must be installed, evaluated and operated in accordance with the requirements of performance specification 11 of appendix B of 40 CFR part 60 and quality assurance requirements of procedure 2 of appendix F of 40 CFR part 60 and Sec. 60.13; (4) The initial performance evaluation must be completed no later than 180 days after the final compliance date for meeting the amended emission limitations, as specified under Sec. 62.14650 or within 180 days of notification to the Administrator of use of the continuous monitoring system if the owner or operator was previously determining compliance by Method 5 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-3 performance tests, whichever is later; (5) The owner or operator of an affected facility may request that compliance with the particulate matter emission limit be determined using carbon dioxide measurements corrected to an equivalent of 7 percent oxygen. The relationship between oxygen and carbon dioxide levels for the affected facility must be established according to the procedures and methods specified in Sec. 62.14670(t)(4)(i) through (iv); (6) The owner or operator of an affected facility must conduct an initial performance test for particulate matter emissions as required under Sec. 62.14650. Compliance with the particulate matter emission limit, if PM CEMS are elected for demonstrating compliance, must be determined by using the CEMS specified in paragraph (n) of this section to measure particulate matter. You must calculate a 30-day rolling average of 1-hour arithmetic average emission concentrations, including CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this subpart, using equation 19-19 in section 12.4.1 of EPA Reference Method 19 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7; (7) Compliance with the particulate matter emission limit must be determined based on the 30-day rolling average calculated using equation 19-19 in section 12.4.1 of EPA Reference Method 19 at 40 CFR part 60, Appendix A-7 of the part from the 1-hour arithmetic average of the CEMS outlet data; (8) At a minimum, valid continuous monitoring system hourly averages must be obtained as specified Sec. 62.14695; (9) The 1-hour arithmetic averages required under paragraph (n)(7) of this section must be expressed in milligrams per dry standard cubic meter corrected to 7 percent oxygen (or carbon dioxide) (dry basis) and must be used to calculate the 30-day rolling average emission concentrations. CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this subpart, are not corrected to 7 percent oxygen, and are measured at stack oxygen content. The 1-hour arithmetic averages must be calculated using the data points required under Sec. 60.13(e)(2); (10) All valid CEMS data must be used in calculating average emission concentrations even if the minimum CEMS data requirements of paragraph (n)(8) of this section are not met; (11) The CEMS must be operated according to performance specification 11 in appendix B of 40 CFR part 60; (12) During each relative accuracy test run of the CEMS required by performance specification 11 in appendix B of 40 CFR part 60, particulate matter and oxygen (or carbon dioxide) data must be collected concurrently (or within a 30- to 60-minute period) by both the CEMS and the following test methods: (i) For particulate matter, EPA Reference Method 5 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-3 must be used; and [[Page 3584]] (ii) For oxygen (or carbon dioxide), EPA Reference Method 3A or 3B at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-2, as applicable, must be used. (13) Quarterly accuracy determinations and daily calibration drift tests must be performed in accordance with procedure 2 in appendix F of 40 CFR part 60. (o) To demonstrate continuous compliance with the carbon monoxide emissions limit, a facility may substitute use of a continuous automated sampling system for the carbon monoxide annual performance test to demonstrate compliance with the carbon monoxide emissions limits: (1) Install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a CEMS for measuring carbon monoxide emissions discharged to the atmosphere and record the output of the system. The requirements under performance specification 4B of appendix B of 40 CFR part 60, the quality assurance procedure 1 of appendix F of 40 CFR part 60 and the procedures under Sec. 60.13 must be followed for installation, evaluation, and operation of the CEMS; and (2) Following the date that the initial performance test for carbon monoxide is completed or is required to be completed under Sec. 62.14650, compliance with the carbon monoxide emission limit may be determined based on the 30-day rolling average of the hourly arithmetic average emission concentrations, including CEMS data during startup and shutdown as defined in this subpart, using CEMS outlet data. Except for CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this subpart, the 1-hour arithmetic averages must be expressed in parts per million corrected to 7 percent oxygen (dry basis) and used to calculate the 30- day rolling average emission concentrations. CEMS data collected during startup or shutdown, as defined in this subpart, are not corrected to 7 percent oxygen, and are measured at stack oxygen content. The 1-hour arithmetic averages must be calculated using the data points required under Sec. 60.13(e)(2). (p) The owner/operator of an affected source with a bypass stack shall install, calibrate (to manufacturers' specifications), maintain and operate a device or method for measuring the use of the bypass stack including date, time and duration. (q) For energy recovery units with a heat input capacity of 100 MMBtu per hour or greater that do not use a carbon monoxide CEMS, you must install, operate and maintain the continuous oxygen monitoring system as defined in Sec. 62.14840 according to the procedures in paragraphs (q)(1) through (4) of this section: (1) The oxygen analyzer system must be installed by the initial performance test date specified in Sec. 62.14635; (2) You must operate the oxygen trim system within compliance with paragraph (q)(3) of this section at all times; (3) You must maintain the oxygen level such that the 30-day rolling average that is established as the operating limit for oxygen according to paragraph (q)(4) of this section is not below the lowest hourly average oxygen concentration measured during the most recent CO performance test; and (4) You must calculate and record a 30-day rolling average oxygen concentration using equation 19-19 in section 12.4.1 of EPA Reference Method 19 of Appendix A-7. (r) For energy recovery units with annual average heat input rates greater than or equal to 250 MMBtu/hour and waste-burning kilns, you must install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a PM CPMS and record the output of the system as specified in paragraphs (r)(1) through (8) of this section. For other energy recovery units, you may elect to use PM CPMS operated in accordance with this section. PM CPMS are suitable in lieu of using other CMS for monitoring PM compliance (e.g., bag leak detectors, electrostatic precipitator secondary power, PM scrubber pressure): (1) Install, calibrate, operate, and maintain your PM CPMS according to the procedures in your approved site-specific monitoring plan developed in accordance with Sec. 62.14670(l) and (r)(1)(i) through (iii) of this section: (i) The operating principle of the PM CPMS must be based on in- stack or extractive light scatter, light scintillation, beta attenuation, or mass accumulation of the exhaust gas or representative sample. The reportable measurement output from the PM CPMS must be expressed as milliamps or the digital signal equivalent; (ii) The PM CPMS must have a cycle time (i.e., period required to complete sampling, measurement, and reporting for each measurement) no longer than 60 minutes; and (iii) The PM CPMS must be capable of detecting and responding to particulate matter concentrations increments no greater than 0.5 mg/ actual cubic meter. (2) During the initial performance test or any such subsequent performance test that demonstrates compliance with the PM limit, you must adjust the site-specific operating limit in accordance with the results of the performance test according to the procedures specified in Sec. 62.14635. (3) Collect PM CPMS hourly average output data for all energy recovery unit or waste-burning kiln operating hours. Express the PM CPMS output as milliamps or the digital signal equivalent. (4) Calculate the arithmetic 30-day rolling average of all of the hourly average PM CPMS output collected during all energy recovery unit or waste-burning kiln operating hours data (milliamps or digital bits). (5) You must collect data using the PM CPMS at all times the energy recovery unit or waste-burning kiln is operating and at the intervals specified in paragraph (r)(1)(ii) of this section, except for periods of monitoring system malfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring system malfunctions, required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control activities (including, as applicable, calibration checks and required zero and span adjustments), and any scheduled maintenance as defined in your site-specific monitoring plan. (6) You must use all the data collected during all energy recovery unit or waste-burning kiln operating hours in assessing the compliance with your operating limit except: (i) Any data collected during monitoring system malfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring system malfunctions, or required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control activities conducted during monitoring system malfunctions are not used in calculations (report any such periods in your annual deviation report); (ii) Any data collected during periods when the monitoring system is out of control as specified in your site-specific monitoring plan, repairs associated with periods when the monitoring system is out of control, or required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control activities conducted during out-of-control periods are not used in calculations (report emissions or operating levels and report any such periods in your annual deviation report); and (iii) Any PM CPMS data recorded during periods of CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this subpart. (7) You must record and make available upon request results of PM CPMS system performance audits, as well as the dates and duration of periods from when the PM CPMS is out of control until completion of the corrective actions necessary to return [[Page 3585]] the PM CPMS to operation consistent with your site-specific monitoring plan. (8) For any deviation of the 30-day rolling average PM CPMS average value from the established operating parameter limit, you must: (i) Within 48 hours of the deviation, visually inspect the air pollution control device; (ii) If inspection of the air pollution control device identifies the cause of the deviation, take corrective action as soon as possible and return the PM CPMS measurement to within the established value; (iii) Within 30 days of the deviation or at the time of the annual compliance test, whichever comes first, conduct a PM emissions compliance test to determine compliance with the PM emissions limit and to verify the operation of the emissions control device(s). Within 45 days of the deviation, you must re-establish the CPMS operating limit. You are not required to conduct additional testing for any deviations that occur between the time of the original deviation and the PM emissions compliance test required under this paragraph; and (iv) PM CPMS deviations leading to more than four required performance tests in a 12-month process operating period (rolling monthly) constitute a violation of this subpart. (s) If you use a dry scrubber to comply with the emission limits of this subpart, you must monitor the injection rate of each sorbent and maintain the 3-hour block averages at or above the operating limits established during the hydrogen chloride performance test. Sec. 62.14695 Is there a minimum amount of monitoring data I must obtain? For each continuous monitoring system required or optionally allowed under Sec. 62.14690, you must monitor and collect data according to this section: (a) You must operate the monitoring system and collect data at all required intervals at all times compliance is required except for periods of monitoring system malfunctions or out-of-control periods, repairs associated with monitoring system malfunctions or out-of- control periods (as specified in Sec. 62.14730(o)), and required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control activities including, as applicable, calibration checks and required zero and span adjustments. A monitoring system malfunction is any sudden, infrequent, not reasonably preventable failure of the monitoring system to provide valid data. Monitoring system failures that are caused in part by poor maintenance or careless operation are not malfunctions. You are required to effect monitoring system repairs in response to monitoring system malfunctions or out-of-control periods and to return the monitoring system to operation as expeditiously as practicable. (b) You may not use data recorded during monitoring system malfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring system malfunctions or out-of-control periods, or required monitoring system quality assurance or control activities in calculations used to report emissions or operating levels. You must use all the data collected during all other periods, including data normalized for above scale readings, in assessing the operation of the control device and associated control system. (c) Except for periods of monitoring system malfunctions or out-of- control periods, repairs associated with monitoring system malfunctions or out-of-control periods, and required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control activities including, as applicable, calibration checks and required zero and span adjustments, failure to collect required data is a deviation of the monitoring requirements. Recordkeeping and Reporting Sec. 62.14700 What records must I keep? You must maintain the items (as applicable) as specified in paragraphs (a), (b), and (e) through (w) of this section for a period of at least 5 years: (a) Calendar date of each record. (b) Records of the data described in paragraphs (b)(1) through (6) of this section: (1) The CISWI unit charge dates, times, weights, and hourly charge rates; (2) Liquor flow rate to the wet scrubber inlet every 15 minutes of operation, as applicable; (3) Pressure drop across the wet scrubber system every 15 minutes of operation or amperage to the wet scrubber every 15 minutes of operation, as applicable; (4) Liquor pH as introduced to the wet scrubber every 15 minutes of operation, as applicable. (5) For affected CISWI units that establish operating limits for controls other than wet scrubbers under Sec. 62.14640, you must maintain data collected for all operating parameters used to determine compliance with the operating limits. For energy recovery units using activated carbon injection or a dry scrubber, you must also maintain records of the load fraction and corresponding sorbent injection rate records; and (6) If a fabric filter is used to comply with the emission limitations, you must record the date, time, and duration of each alarm and the time corrective action was initiated and completed, and a brief description of the cause of the alarm and the corrective action taken. You must also record the percent of operating time during each 6-month period that the alarm sounds, calculated as specified in Sec. 62.14635(c). (c) [Reserved] (d) [Reserved] (e) Identification of calendar dates and times for which data show a deviation from the operating limits in table 2 of this subpart or a deviation from other operating limits established under Sec. 62.14635(d) through (g) or Sec. 62.14640 with a description of the deviations, reasons for such deviations, and a description of corrective actions taken. (f) The results of the initial, annual, and any subsequent performance tests conducted to determine compliance with the emission limits and/or to establish operating limits, as applicable. Retain a copy of the complete test report including calculations. (g) Records showing the names of CISWI unit operators who have completed review of the information in Sec. 62.14620(a) as required by Sec. 62.14620(b), including the date of the initial review and all subsequent annual reviews. (h) Records showing the names of the CISWI operators who have completed the operator training requirements under Sec. 62.14595, met the criteria for qualification under Sec. 62.14605, and maintained or renewed their qualification under Sec. 62.14610 or Sec. 62.14615. Records must include documentation of training, the dates of the initial and refresher training, and the dates of their qualification and all subsequent renewals of such qualifications. (i) For each qualified operator, the phone and/or pager number at which they can be reached during operating hours. (j) Records of calibration of any monitoring devices as required under Sec. 62.14690. (k) Equipment vendor specifications and related operation and maintenance requirements for the incinerator, emission controls, and monitoring equipment. (l) The information listed in Sec. 62.14620(a). (m) On a daily basis, keep a log of the quantity of waste burned and the types of waste burned (always required). (n) Maintain records of the annual air pollution control device inspections that are required for each CISWI unit subject to the emissions limits in table [[Page 3586]] 1 of this subpart or tables 5 through 8 of this subpart, any required maintenance and any repairs not completed within 10 days of an inspection or the timeframe established by the state regulatory agency. (o) For continuously monitored pollutants or parameters, you must document and keep a record of the following parameters measured using continuous monitoring systems: (1) All 6-minute average levels of opacity; (2) All 1-hour average concentrations of sulfur dioxide emissions. You must indicate which data are CEMS data during startup and shutdown; (3) All 1-hour average concentrations of nitrogen oxides emissions. You must indicate which data are CEMS data during startup and shutdown; (4) All 1-hour average concentrations of carbon monoxide emissions. You must indicate which data are CEMS data during startup and shutdown; (5) All 1-hour average concentrations of particulate matter emissions. You must indicate which data are CEMS data during startup and shutdown; (6) All 1-hour average concentrations of mercury emissions. You must indicate which data are CEMS data during startup and shutdown; (7) All 1-hour average concentrations of hydrogen chloride emissions. You must indicate which data are CEMS data during startup and shutdown; (8) All 1-hour average percent oxygen concentrations; and (9) All 1-hour average PM CPMS readings or particulate matter CEMS outputs. (p) Records indicating use of the bypass stack, including dates, times and durations. (q) If you choose to stack test less frequently than annually, consistent with Sec. 62.14680(a) through (c), you must keep annual records that document that your emissions in the previous stack test(s) were less than 75 percent of the applicable emission limit and document that there was no change in source operations including fuel composition and operation of air pollution control equipment that would cause emissions of the relevant pollutant to increase within the past year. (r) Records of the occurrence and duration of each malfunction of operation (i.e., process equipment) or the air pollution control and monitoring equipment. (s) Records of all required maintenance performed on the air pollution control and monitoring equipment. (t) Records of actions taken during periods of malfunction to minimize emissions in accordance with Sec. 60.11(d), including corrective actions to restore malfunctioning process and air pollution control and monitoring equipment to its normal or usual manner of operation. (u) For operating units that combust non-hazardous secondary materials that have been determined not to be solid waste pursuant to Sec. 241.3(b)(1), you must keep a record which documents how the secondary material meets each of the legitimacy criteria under Sec. 241.3(d)(1). If you combust a fuel that has been processed from a discarded non-hazardous secondary material pursuant to Sec. 241.3(b)(4), you must keep records as to how the operations that produced the fuel satisfies the definition of processing in Sec. 241.2 and each of the legitimacy criteria in Sec. 241.3(d)(1) of this chapter. If the fuel received a non-waste determination pursuant to the petition process submitted under Sec. 241.3(c), you must keep a record that documents how the fuel satisfies the requirements of the petition process. For operating units that combust non-hazardous secondary materials as fuel per Sec. 241.4, you must keep records documenting that the material is a listed non-waste under Sec. 241.4(a). (v) Records of the criteria used to establish that the unit qualifies as a small power production facility under section 3(17)(C) of the Federal Power Act (16 U.S.C. 796(17)(C)) and that the waste material the unit is proposed to burn is homogeneous. (w) Records of the criteria used to establish that the unit qualifies as a cogeneration facility under section 3(18)(B) of the Federal Power Act (16 U.S.C. 796(18)(B)) and that the waste material the unit is proposed to burn is homogeneous. Sec. 62.14705 Where and in what format must I keep my records? All records must be available onsite in either paper copy or computer-readable format that can be printed upon request, unless an alternative format is approved by the Administrator. Sec. 62.14710 What reports must I submit? See table 4 of this subpart for a summary of the reporting requirements. Sec. 62.14715 When must I submit my waste management plan? You must submit a waste management plan no later than November 7, 2017 or six months prior to the date you commence or recommence burning solid waste, whichever is later. Sec. 62.14720 What information must I submit following my initial performance test? You must submit the information specified in paragraphs (a) through (c) of this section no later than 60 days following the initial performance test. All reports must be signed by the facilities manager: (a) The complete test report for the initial performance test results obtained under Sec. 62.14660, as applicable; (b) The values for the site-specific operating limits established in Sec. 62.14635 or Sec. 62.14640; and (c) If you are using a fabric filter to comply with the emission limitations, documentation that a bag leak detection system has been installed and is being operated, calibrated, and maintained as required by Sec. 62.14690(b). Sec. 62.14725 When must I submit my annual report? You must submit an annual report no later than 12 months following the submission of the information in Sec. 62.14720. You must submit subsequent reports no more than 12 months following the previous report. (If the unit is subject to permitting requirements under title V of the Clean Air Act, you may be required by the permit to submit these reports more frequently.) Sec. 62.14730 What information must I include in my annual report? The annual report required under Sec. 62.14725 must include the ten items listed in paragraphs (a) through (j) of this section. If you have a deviation from the operating limits or the emission limitations, you must also submit deviation reports as specified in Sec. Sec. 62.14735, 62.14740, and 62.14745. (a) Company name and address; (b) Statement by a responsible official, with that official's name, title, and signature, certifying the accuracy of the content of the report; (c) Date of report and beginning and ending dates of the reporting period. (d) The values for the operating limits established pursuant to Sec. 62.14635 or Sec. 62.14640. (e) If no deviation from any emission limitation or operating limit that applies to you has been reported, a statement that there was no deviation from the emission limitations or operating limits during the reporting period. (f) The highest recorded 3-hour average and the lowest recorded 3- hour average, as applicable, for each operating parameter recorded for the calendar year being reported; (g) Information recorded under Sec. 62.14700(b)(6) and (c) through (e) for the calendar year being reported. [[Page 3587]] (h) For each performance test conducted during the reporting period, if any performance test is conducted, the process unit(s) tested, the pollutant(s) tested and the date that such performance test was conducted. Submit, following the procedure specified in Sec. 62.14755(b)(1), the performance test report no later than the date that you submit the annual report; (i) If you met the requirements of Sec. 62.14680(a) or (b), and did not conduct a performance test during the reporting period, you must state that you met the requirements of Sec. 62.14680(a) or (b), and, therefore, you were not required to conduct a performance test during the reporting period; (j) Documentation of periods when all qualified CISWI unit operators were unavailable for more than 8 hours, but less than 2 weeks; (k) If you had a malfunction during the reporting period, the compliance report must include the number, duration, and a brief description for each type of malfunction that occurred during the reporting period and that caused or may have caused any applicable emission limitation to be exceeded. The report must also include a description of actions taken by an owner or operator during a malfunction of an affected source to minimize emissions in accordance with Sec. 60.11(d), including actions taken to correct a malfunction; (l) For each deviation from an emission or operating limitation that occurs for a CISWI unit for which you are not using a CMS to comply with the emission or operating limitations in this subpart, the annual report must contain the following information: (1) The total operating time of the CISWI unit at which the deviation occurred during the reporting period; and (2) Information on the number, duration, and cause of deviations (including unknown cause, if applicable), as applicable, and the corrective action taken. (m) If there were periods during which the continuous monitoring system, including the CEMS, was out of control as specified in paragraph (o) of this section, the annual report must contain the following information for each deviation from an emission or operating limitation occurring for a CISWI unit for which you are using a continuous monitoring system to comply with the emission and operating limitations in this subpart: (1) The date and time that each malfunction started and stopped; (2) The date, time, and duration that each CMS was inoperative, except for zero (low-level) and high-level checks; (3) The date, time, and duration that each continuous monitoring system was out-of-control, including start and end dates and hours and descriptions of corrective actions taken; (4) The date and time that each deviation started and stopped, and whether each deviation occurred during a period of malfunction or during another period; (5) A summary of the total duration of the deviation during the reporting period, and the total duration as a percent of the total source operating time during that reporting period; (6) A breakdown of the total duration of the deviations during the reporting period into those that are due to control equipment problems, process problems, other known causes, and other unknown causes; (7) A summary of the total duration of continuous monitoring system downtime during the reporting period, and the total duration of continuous monitoring system downtime as a percent of the total operating time of the CISWI unit at which the continuous monitoring system downtime occurred during that reporting period; (8) An identification of each parameter and pollutant that was monitored at the CISWI unit; (9) A brief description of the CISWI unit; (10) A brief description of the continuous monitoring system; (11) The date of the latest continuous monitoring system certification or audit; and (12) A description of any changes in continuous monitoring system, processes, or controls since the last reporting period. (n) If there were periods during which the continuous monitoring system, including the CEMS, was not out of control as specified in paragraph (o) of this section, a statement that there were not periods during which the continuous monitoring system was out of control during the reporting period. (o) A continuous monitoring system is out of control if any of the following occur: (1) The zero (low-level), mid-level (if applicable), or high-level calibration drift exceeds two times the applicable calibration drift specification in the applicable performance specification or in the relevant standard; (2) The continuous monitoring system fails a performance test audit (e.g., cylinder gas audit), relative accuracy audit, relative accuracy test audit, or linearity test audit; and (3) The continuous opacity monitoring system calibration drift exceeds two times the limit in the applicable performance specification in the relevant standard. (p) For energy recovery units, include the annual heat input and average annual heat input rate of all fuels being burned in the unit to verify which subcategory of energy recovery unit applies. Sec. 62.14735 What else must I report if I have a deviation from the operating limits or the emission limitations? (a) You must submit a deviation report if any recorded 3-hour average parameter level is above the maximum operating limit or below the minimum operating limit established under this subpart, if the bag leak detection system alarm sounds for more than 5 percent of the operating time for any 6-month reporting period, or if a performance test was conducted that deviated from any emission limitation. (b) The deviation report must be submitted by August 1 of that year for data collected during the first half of the calendar year (January 1 to June 30), and by February 1 of the following year for data you collected during the second half of the calendar year (July 1 to December 31). Sec. 62.14740 What must I include in the deviation report? In each report required under Sec. 62.14735, for any pollutant or parameter that deviated from the emission limitations or operating limits specified in this subpart, include the four items described in paragraphs (a) through (d) of this section. (a) The calendar dates and times your unit deviated from the emission limitations or operating limit requirements; (b) The averaged and recorded data for those dates; (c) Duration and causes of the following: (1) Each deviation from the emission limitations or operating limits and your corrective actions; and (2) Bypass events and your corrective actions. (d) A copy of the operating limit monitoring data during each deviation and, for any test report that documents the emission levels, the process unit(s) tested, the pollutant(s) tested and the date that the performance test was conducted. Submit, following the procedure specified in Sec. 62.14755(b)(1), the performance test report no later than the date that you submit the deviation report. [[Page 3588]] Sec. 62.14745 What else must I report if I have a deviation from the requirement to have a qualified operator accessible? (a) If all qualified operators are not accessible for two weeks or more, you must take the two actions in paragraphs (a)(1) and (2) of this section. (1) You must submit a notification of the deviation within 10 days that includes the three items in paragraphs (a)(1)(i) through (iii) of this section. (i) A statement of what caused the deviation; (ii) A description of what you are doing to ensure that a qualified operator is accessible; and (iii) The date when you anticipate that a qualified operator will be available. (2) Submit a status report to the Administrator every 4 weeks that includes the three items in paragraphs (a)(2)(i) through (iii) of this section. (i) A description of what you are doing to ensure that a qualified operator is accessible; (ii) The date when you anticipate that a qualified operator will be accessible; and (iii) Request approval from the Administrator to continue operation of the CISWI unit. (b) If your unit was shut down by the Administrator, under the provisions of Sec. 62.14625(b)(2), due to a failure to provide an accessible qualified operator, you must notify the Administrator that you are resuming operation once a qualified operator is accessible. Sec. 62.14750 Are there any other notifications or reports that I must submit? (a) Yes. You must submit notifications as provided by Sec. 60.7. (b) If you cease combusting solid waste but continue to operate, you must provide 30 days prior notice of the effective date of the waste-to-fuel switch, consistent with Sec. 62.14670(a). The notification must identify: (1) The name of the owner or operator of the CISWI unit, the location of the source, the emissions unit(s) that will cease burning solid waste, and the date of the notice; (2) The currently applicable subcategory under this subpart, and any 40 CFR part 63 subpart and subcategory that will be applicable after you cease combusting solid waste; (3) The fuel(s), non-waste material(s) and solid waste(s) the CISWI unit is currently combusting and has combusted over the past 6 months, and the fuel(s) or non-waste materials the unit will commence combusting; (4) The date on which you became subject to the currently applicable emission limits; and (5) The date upon which you will cease combusting solid waste, and the date (if different) that you intend for any new requirements to become applicable (i.e., the effective date of the waste-to-fuel switch), consistent with paragraphs (b)(2) and (3) of this section. Sec. 62.14755 In what form can I submit my reports? (a) Submit initial, annual, and deviation reports electronically on or before the submittal due dates. Submit the reports to the EPA via the Compliance and Emissions Data Reporting Interface (CEDRI). (CEDRI can be accessed through the EPA's Central Data Exchange (CDX) (https://cdx.epa.gov).) Use the appropriate electronic report in CEDRI for this subpart or an alternate electronic file format consistent with the extensible markup language (XML) schema listed on the CEDRI Web site (https://www.epa.gov/electronic-reporting-air-emissions/compliance-and-emissions-data-reporting-interface-cedri), once the XML schema is available. If the reporting form specific to this subpart is not available in CEDRI at the time that the report is due, submit the report to the Administrator at the appropriate address listed in Sec. 60.4. Once the form has been available in CEDRI for 90 calendar days, you must begin submitting all subsequent reports via CEDRI. The reports must be submitted by the deadlines specified in this subpart, regardless of the method in which the report is submitted. (b) Submit results of each performance test and CEMS performance evaluation required by this subpart as follows: (1) Within 60 days after the date of completing each performance test (see Sec. 60.8) required by this subpart, you must submit the results of the performance test following the procedure specified in either paragraph (b)(1)(i) or (b)(1)(ii) of this section: (i) For data collected using test methods supported by the EPA's Electronic Reporting Tool (ERT) as listed on the EPA's ERT Web site (https://www.epa.gov/electronic-reporting-air-emissions/electronic-reporting-tool-ert) at the time of the test, you must submit the results of the performance test to the EPA via the CEDRI. (CEDRI can be accessed through the EPA's CDX (https://cdx.epa.gov).) Performance test data must be submitted in a file format generated through the use of the EPA's ERT or an alternate electronic file format consistent with the XML schema listed on the EPA's ERT Web site. If you claim that some of the performance test information being submitted is confidential business information (CBI), you must submit a complete file generated through the use of the EPA's ERT or an alternate electronic file consistent with the XML schema listed on the EPA's ERT Web site, including information claimed to be CBI, on a compact disc, flash drive, or other commonly used electronic storage media to the EPA. The electronic media must be clearly marked as CBI and mailed to U.S. EPA/ OAQPS/CORE CBI Office, Attention: Group Leader, Measurement Policy Group, MD C404-02, 4930 Old Page Rd., Durham, NC 27703. The same ERT or alternate file with the CBI omitted must be submitted to the EPA via the EPA's CDX as described earlier in this paragraph; and (ii) For data collected using test methods that are not supported by the EPA's ERT as listed on the EPA's ERT Web site at the time of the test, you must submit the results of the performance test to the Administrator at the appropriate address listed in Sec. 60.4. (2) Within 60 days after the date of completing each continuous emissions monitoring system performance evaluation you must submit the results of the performance evaluation following the procedure specified in either paragraph (c)(1) or (c)(2) of this section: (i) For performance evaluations of continuous monitoring systems measuring relative accuracy test audit (RATA) pollutants that are supported by the EPA's ERT as listed on the EPA's ERT Web site at the time of the evaluation, you must submit the results of the performance evaluation to the EPA via the CEDRI. (CEDRI can be accessed through the EPA's CDX.) Performance evaluation data must be submitted in a file format generated through the use of the EPA's ERT or an alternate file format consistent with the XML schema listed on the EPA's ERT Web site. If you claim that some of the performance evaluation information being submitted is CBI, you must submit a complete file generated through the use of the EPA's ERT or an alternate electronic file consistent with the XML schema listed on the EPA's ERT Web site, including information claimed to be CBI, on a compact disc, flash drive, or other commonly used electronic storage media to the EPA. The electronic storage media must be clearly marked as CBI and mailed to U.S. EPA/OAQPS/CORE CBI Office, Attention: Group Leader, Measurement Policy Group, MD C404-02, 4930 Old Page Rd., Durham, NC 27703. The same ERT or alternate file with the CBI omitted must be submitted to the EPA via the EPA's CDX as described earlier in this paragraph; and (ii) For any performance evaluations of continuous monitoring systems [[Page 3589]] measuring RATA pollutants that are not supported by the EPA's ERT as listed on the EPA's ERT Web site at the time of the evaluation, you must submit the results of the performance evaluation to the Administrator at the appropriate address listed in Sec. 60.4. Sec. 62.14760 Can reporting dates be changed? If the Administrator agrees, you may change the semiannual or annual reporting dates. See Sec. 60.19(c) for procedures to seek approval to change your reporting date. Air Curtain Incinerators Sec. 62.14765 What is an air curtain incinerator? (a) An air curtain incinerator operates by forcefully projecting a curtain of air across an open chamber or open pit in which combustion occurs. Incinerators of this type can be constructed above or below ground and with or without refractory walls and floor. (Air curtain incinerators are not to be confused with conventional combustion devices with enclosed fireboxes and controlled air technology such as mass burn, modular, and fluidized bed combustors.) (b) Air curtain incinerators that burn only the materials listed in paragraphs (b)(1) through (3) of this section are only required to meet the requirements under Sec. 62.14830 and under ``Air Curtain Incinerators'' (Sec. Sec. 62.14765 through 62.14825): (1) 100 percent wood waste; (2) 100 percent clean lumber; and (3) 100 percent mixture of only wood waste, clean lumber, and/or yard waste. Sec. Sec. 62.14770-62.14775 [Reserved] Sec. 62.14795 [Reserved] Sec. 62.14805 What must I do if I close my air curtain incinerator and then restart it? (a) If you close your incinerator but will reopen it prior to the final compliance date in this subpart, you must comply with the final standards on February 7, 2018. (b) If you close your incinerator but will restart it after February 7, 2018, you must complete emission control retrofits and meet the emission limitations on the date your incinerator restarts operation. Sec. 62.14810 What must I do if I plan to permanently close my air curtain incinerator and not restart it? If you plan to permanently close your incinerator rather than comply with this subpart, submit a closure notification, including the date of closure, to the Administrator no later than six months prior to your operation will cease. The closure date cannot be later than February 7, 2018 for sources that will not operate on and after the compliance date. In addition, while still in operation, your air curtain incinerator is subject to the same requirement to apply for and obtain a title V operating permit that applies to an air curtain incinerator that will not be permanently closing. Sec. 62.14815 What are the emission limitations for air curtain incinerators? After the date the initial test for opacity is required or completed (whichever is earlier), you must meet the limitations in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section. (a) Maintain opacity to less than or equal to 10 percent opacity (as determined by the average of three 1-hour blocks consisting of ten 6-minute average opacity values), except as described in paragraph (b) of this section. (b) Maintain opacity to less than or equal to 35 percent opacity (as determined by the average of three 1-hour blocks consisting of ten 6-minute average opacity values) during the startup period that is within the first 30 minutes of operation. Sec. 62.14820 How must I monitor opacity for air curtain incinerators? (a) Use Method 9 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A to determine compliance with the opacity limitation. (b) Conduct an initial test for opacity as specified in Sec. 60.8 no later than 180 days after your final compliance date. (c) After the initial test for opacity, conduct annual tests no more than 12 calendar months following the date of your previous test. Sec. 62.14825 What are the recordkeeping and reporting requirements for air curtain incinerators? (a) Keep records of results of all initial and annual opacity tests onsite in either paper copy or electronic format, unless the Administrator approves another format, for at least 5 years. (b) Make all records available for submittal to the Administrator or for an inspector's onsite review. (c) Submit an initial report no later than 60 days following the initial opacity test that includes the information specified in paragraphs (c)(1) and (2) of this section. (1) The types of materials you plan to combust in your air curtain incinerator; and (2) The results (as determined by the average of three 1-hour blocks consisting of ten 6-minute average opacity values) of the initial opacity tests. (d) Submit annual opacity test results within 12 months following the previous report. (e) Submit initial and annual opacity test reports as electronic or paper copy on or before the applicable submittal date and keep a copy onsite for a period of 5 years. Title V Requirements Sec. 62.14830 Am I required to apply for and obtain a Title V operating permit for my unit? Yes. Each CISWI unit and air curtain incinerator subject to standards under this subpart must operate pursuant to a permit issued under Clean Air Act sections 129(e) and title V. Sec. 62.14835 [Reserved] Delegation of Authority Sec. 62.14838 What authorities are withheld by the EPA Administrator? The following authorities are withheld by the EPA Administrator and not transferred to the State or Tribe: (a) Approval of alternatives to the emission limitations in tables 1 and 5 through 8 of this subpart and operating limits established under Sec. 62.14635 and table 2 of this subpart. (b) Approval of petitions submitted pursuant to the requirements of Sec. 62.14640 establishing operating parameters when using controls other than a wet scrubber, fabric filter, activated carbon injection, selective noncatalytic reduction, or a dry scrubber to comply with the emission limitations in tables 1 and 5 through 8 of this subpart. (c) Approval of major alternatives to test methods established under Sec. 62.14650 and tables 1 and 5 through 8 of this subpart. (d) Approval of major alternatives to monitoring requirements established under Sec. Sec. 62.14690, 62.14605 and table 2 of this subpart. (e) Approval of major alternatives to recordkeeping and reporting requirements of this subpart. (f) [Reserved] (g) Approval of requests submitted pursuant to the requirements in Sec. 62.14625(b)(2). (h) Approval of alternative opacity emission limits in Sec. 62.14630 under Sec. 60.11(e)(6) through (e)(8). (i) Performance test and data reduction waivers under Sec. Sec. 62.14650(j), 60.8(b)(4) and (5). (j) Determination of whether a qualifying small power production facility or cogeneration facility under Sec. 62.14525(e) or (f) is combusting homogeneous waste. [[Page 3590]] Definitions Sec. 62.14840 What definitions must I know? Terms used but not defined in this subpart are defined in the Clean Air Act, subparts A and B of part 60 and subpart A of this part 62. 30-day rolling average means the arithmetic mean of the previous 720 hours of valid operating data. Valid data excludes periods when this unit is not operating. The 720 hours should be consecutive, but not necessarily continuous if operations are intermittent. Administrator means the Administrator of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency or his/her authorized representative or Administrator of a State Air Pollution Control Agency. Agricultural waste means vegetative agricultural materials such as nut and grain hulls and chaff (e.g., almond, walnut, peanut, rice, and wheat), bagasse, orchard prunings, corn stalks, coffee bean hulls and grounds, and other vegetative waste materials generated as a result of agricultural operations. Air curtain incinerator means an incinerator that operates by forcefully projecting a curtain of air across an open chamber or pit in which combustion occurs. Incinerators of this type can be constructed above or below ground and with or without refractory walls and floor. (Air curtain incinerators are different from conventional combustion devices which typically have enclosed fireboxes and controlled air technology such as mass burn, modular, and fluidized bed combustors.) Annual heat input means the heat input for the 12 months preceding the compliance demonstration. Auxiliary fuel means natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, fuel oil, or diesel fuel. Average annual heat input rate means annual heat input divided by the hours of operation for the 12 months preceding the compliance demonstration. Bag leak detection system means an instrument that is capable of monitoring particulate matter loadings in the exhaust of a fabric filter (i.e., baghouse) in order to detect bag failures. A bag leak detection system includes, but is not limited to, an instrument that operates on triboelectric, light scattering, light transmittance, or other principle to monitor relative particulate matter loadings. Burn-off oven means any rack reclamation unit, part reclamation unit, or drum reclamation unit. A burn-off oven is not an incinerator, waste-burning kiln, an energy recovery unit or a small, remote incinerator under this subpart. Bypass stack means a device used for discharging combustion gases to avoid severe damage to the air pollution control device or other equipment. Calendar quarter means 3 consecutive months (non-overlapping) beginning on: January 1, April 1, July 1, or October 1. Calendar year means 365 consecutive days starting on January 1 and ending on December 31. CEMS data during startup and shutdown means the following: (1) For incinerators and small remote incinerators: CEMS data collected during the first hours of operation of a CISWI unit startup from a cold start until waste is fed into the unit and the hours of operation following the cessation of waste material being fed to the CISWI unit during a unit shutdown. For each startup event, the length of time that CEMS data may be claimed as being CEMS data during startup must be 48 operating hours or less. For each shutdown event, the length of time that CEMS data may be claimed as being CEMS data during shutdown must be 24 operating hours or less; (2) For energy recovery units: CEMS data collected during the startup or shutdown periods of operation. Startup begins with either the first-ever firing of fuel in a boiler or process heater for the purpose of supplying useful thermal energy (such as steam or heat) for heating, cooling or process purposes, or producing electricity, or the firing of fuel in a boiler or process heater for any purpose after a shutdown event. Startup ends four hours after when the boiler or process heater makes useful thermal energy (such as heat or steam) for heating, cooling, or process purposes, or generates electricity, whichever is earlier. Shutdown begins when the boiler or process heater no longer makes useful thermal energy (such as heat or steam) for heating, cooling, or process purposes and/or generates electricity or when no fuel is being fed to the boiler or process heater, whichever is earlier. Shutdown ends when the boiler or process heater no longer makes useful thermal energy (such as steam or heat) for heating, cooling, or process purposes and/or generates electricity, and no fuel is being combusted in the boiler or process heater; and (3) For waste-burning kilns: CEMS data collected during the periods of kiln operation that do not include normal operations. Startup means the time from when a shutdown kiln first begins firing fuel until it begins producing clinker. Startup begins when a shutdown kiln turns on the induced draft fan and begins firing fuel in the main burner. Startup ends when feed is being continuously introduced into the kiln for at least 120 minutes or when the feed rate exceeds 60 percent of the kiln design limitation rate, whichever occurs first. Shutdown means the cessation of kiln operation. Shutdown begins when feed to the kiln is halted and ends when continuous kiln rotation ceases. Chemical recovery unit means combustion units burning materials to recover chemical constituents or to produce chemical compounds where there is an existing commercial market for such recovered chemical constituents or compounds. A chemical recovery unit is not an incinerator, a waste-burning kiln, an energy recovery unit or a small, remote incinerator under this subpart. The following seven types of units are considered chemical recovery units: (1) Units burning only pulping liquors (i.e., black liquor) that are reclaimed in a pulping liquor recovery process and reused in the pulping process; (2) Units burning only spent sulfuric acid used to produce virgin sulfuric acid; (3) Units burning only wood or coal feedstock for the production of charcoal; (4) Units burning only manufacturing byproduct streams/residue containing catalyst metals that are reclaimed and reused as catalysts or used to produce commercial grade catalysts; (5) Units burning only coke to produce purified carbon monoxide that is used as an intermediate in the production of other chemical compounds; (6) Units burning only hydrocarbon liquids or solids to produce hydrogen, carbon monoxide, synthesis gas, or other gases for use in other manufacturing processes; and (7) Units burning only photographic film to recover silver. Chemotherapeutic waste means waste material resulting from the production or use of antineoplastic agents used for the purpose of stopping or reversing the growth of malignant cells. Clean lumber means wood or wood products that have been cut or shaped and include wet, air-dried, and kiln-dried wood products. Clean lumber does not include wood products that have been painted, pigment- stained, or pressure-treated by compounds such as chromate copper arsenate, pentachlorophenol, and creosote. Commercial and industrial solid waste incineration (CISWI) unit means any distinct operating unit of any commercial or industrial facility that combusts, or has combusted in the preceding 6 months, any solid waste as [[Page 3591]] that term is defined in 40 CFR part 241. If the operating unit burns materials other than traditional fuels as defined in Sec. 241.2 that have been discarded, and you do not keep and produce records as required by Sec. 62.14700(u), the operating unit is a CISWI unit. While not all CISWI units will include all of the following components, a CISWI unit includes, but is not limited to, the solid waste feed system, grate system, flue gas system, waste heat recovery equipment, if any, and bottom ash system. The CISWI unit does not include air pollution control equipment or the stack. The CISWI unit boundary starts at the solid waste hopper (if applicable) and extends through two areas: The combustion unit flue gas system, which ends immediately after the last combustion chamber or after the waste heat recovery equipment, if any; and the combustion unit bottom ash system, which ends at the truck loading station or similar equipment that transfers the ash to final disposal. The CISWI unit includes all ash handling systems connected to the bottom ash handling system. Contained gaseous material means gases that are in a container when that container is combusted. Continuous emission monitoring system (CEMS) means the total equipment that may be required to meet the data acquisition and availability requirements of this subpart, used to sample, condition (if applicable), analyze, and provide a record of emissions. Continuous monitoring system (CMS) means the total equipment, required under the emission monitoring sections in applicable subparts, used to sample and condition (if applicable), to analyze, and to provide a permanent record of emissions or process parameters. A particulate matter continuous parameter monitoring system (PM CPMS) is a type of CMS. Cyclonic burn barrel means a combustion device for waste materials that is attached to a 55 gallon, open-head drum. The device consists of a lid, which fits onto and encloses the drum, and a blower that forces combustion air into the drum in a cyclonic manner to enhance the mixing of waste material and air. A cyclonic burn barrel is not an incinerator, a waste-burning kiln, an energy recovery unit or a small, remote incinerator under this subpart. Deviation means any instance in which an affected source subject to this subpart, or an owner or operator of such a source: (1) Fails to meet any requirement or obligation established by this subpart, including but not limited to any emission limitation, operating limit, or operator qualification and accessibility requirements; and (2) Fails to meet any term or condition that is adopted to implement an applicable requirement in this subpart and that is included in the operating permit for any affected source required to obtain such a permit. Dioxins/furans means tetra-through octa-chlorinated dibenzo-p- dioxins and dibenzofurans. Discard means, for purposes of this subpart and 40 CFR part 60, subpart DDDD, only, burned in an incineration unit without energy recovery. Drum reclamation unit means a unit that burns residues out of drums (e.g., 55 gallon drums) so that the drums can be reused. Dry scrubber means an add-on air pollution control system that injects dry alkaline sorbent (dry injection) or sprays an alkaline sorbent (spray dryer) to react with and neutralize acid gas in the exhaust stream forming a dry powder material. Sorbent injection systems in fluidized bed boilers and process heaters are included in this definition. A dry scrubber is a dry control system. Energy recovery means the process of recovering thermal energy from combustion for useful purposes such as steam generation or process heating. Energy recovery unit means a combustion unit combusting solid waste (as that term is defined by the Administrator in 40 CFR part 241) for energy recovery. Energy recovery units include units that would be considered boilers and process heaters if they did not combust solid waste. Energy recovery unit designed to burn biomass (Biomass) means an energy recovery unit that burns solid waste, biomass, and non-coal solid materials but less than 10 percent coal, on a heat input basis on an annual average, either alone or in combination with liquid waste, liquid fuel or gaseous fuels. Energy recovery unit designed to burn coal (Coal) means an energy recovery unit that burns solid waste and at least 10 percent coal on a heat input basis on an annual average, either alone or in combination with liquid waste, liquid fuel or gaseous fuels. Energy recovery unit designed to burn liquid waste materials and gas (Liquid/gas) means an energy recovery unit that burns a liquid waste with liquid or gaseous fuels not combined with any solid fuel or waste materials. Energy recovery unit designed to burn solid materials (Solids) includes energy recovery units designed to burn coal and energy recovery units designed to burn biomass. Fabric filter means an add-on air pollution control device used to capture particulate matter by filtering gas streams through filter media, also known as a baghouse. Foundry sand thermal reclamation unit means a type of part reclamation unit that removes coatings that are on foundry sand. A foundry sand thermal reclamation unit is not an incinerator, a waste- burning kiln, an energy recovery unit or a small, remote incinerator under this subpart. Incinerator means any furnace used in the process of combusting solid waste (as that term is defined by the Administrator in 40 CFR part 241) for the purpose of reducing the volume of the waste by removing combustible matter. Incinerator designs include single chamber and two-chamber. In-line coal mill means those coal mills using kiln exhaust gases in their process. Coal mills with a heat source other than the kiln or coal mills using exhaust gases from the clinker cooler alone are not an in-line coal mill. In-line kiln/raw mill means a system in a Portland Cement production process where a dry kiln system is integrated with the raw mill so that all or a portion of the kiln exhaust gases are used to perform the drying operation of the raw mill, with no auxiliary heat source used. In this system the kiln is capable of operating without the raw mill operating, but the raw mill cannot operate without the kiln gases, and consequently, the raw mill does not generate a separate exhaust gas stream. Kiln means an oven or furnace, including any associated preheater or precalciner devices, in-line raw mills, in-line coal mills or alkali bypasses used for processing a substance by burning, firing or drying. Kilns include cement kilns that produce clinker by heating limestone and other materials for subsequent production of Portland Cement. Because the alkali bypass, in-line raw mill and in-line coal mill are considered an integral part of the kiln, the kiln emissions limits also apply to the exhaust of the alkali bypass, in-line raw mill and in-line coal mill. Laboratory analysis unit means units that burn samples of materials for the purpose of chemical or physical analysis. A laboratory analysis unit is not an incinerator, waste-burning kiln, an energy recovery unit or a small, remote incinerator under this subpart. Load fraction means the actual heat input of an energy recovery unit divided by heat input during the performance test that established the minimum sorbent injection rate or minimum activated carbon injection rate, [[Page 3592]] expressed as a fraction (e.g., for 50 percent load the load fraction is 0.5). Low-level radioactive waste means waste material which contains radioactive nuclides emitting primarily beta or gamma radiation, or both, in concentrations or quantities that exceed applicable federal or state standards for unrestricted release. Low-level radioactive waste is not high-level radioactive waste, spent nuclear fuel, or by-product material as defined by the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2014(e)(2)). Malfunction means any sudden, infrequent, and not reasonably preventable failure of air pollution control equipment, process equipment, or a process to operate in a normal or usual manner. Failures that are caused, in part, by poor maintenance or careless operation are not malfunctions. Minimum voltage or amperage means 90 percent of the lowest test-run average voltage or amperage to the electrostatic precipitator measured during the most recent particulate matter or mercury performance test demonstrating compliance with the applicable emission limits. Modification or modified CISWI unit means a CISWI unit you have changed later than August 7, 2013 and that meets one of two criteria: (1) The cumulative cost of the changes over the life of the unit exceeds 50 percent of the original cost of building and installing the CISWI unit (not including the cost of land) updated to current costs (current dollars). To determine what systems are within the boundary of the CISWI unit used to calculate these costs, see the definition of CISWI unit; and (2) Any physical change in the CISWI unit or change in the method of operating it that increases the amount of any air pollutant emitted for which section 129 or section 111 of the Clean Air Act has established standards. Municipal solid waste or municipal-type solid waste means household, commercial/retail, or institutional waste. Household waste includes material discarded by residential dwellings, hotels, motels, and other similar permanent or temporary housing. Commercial/retail waste includes material discarded by stores, offices, restaurants, warehouses, nonmanufacturing activities at industrial facilities, and other similar establishments or facilities. Institutional waste includes materials discarded by schools, by hospitals (nonmedical), by nonmanufacturing activities at prisons and government facilities, and other similar establishments or facilities. Household, commercial/ retail, and institutional waste does include yard waste and refuse- derived fuel. Household, commercial/retail, and institutional waste does not include used oil; sewage sludge; wood pallets; construction, renovation, and demolition wastes (which include railroad ties and telephone poles); clean wood; industrial process or manufacturing wastes; medical waste; or motor vehicles (including motor vehicle parts or vehicle fluff). Opacity means the degree to which emissions reduce the transmission of light and obscure the view of an object in the background. Operating day means a 24-hour period between 12:00 midnight and the following midnight during which any amount of solid waste is combusted at any time in the CISWI unit. Oxygen analyzer system means all equipment required to determine the oxygen content of a gas stream and used to monitor oxygen in the boiler or process heater flue gas, boiler/process heater, firebox, or other appropriate location. This definition includes oxygen trim systems and certified oxygen CEMS. The source owner or operator is responsible to install, calibrate, maintain, and operate the oxygen analyzer system in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations. Oxygen trim system means a system of monitors that is used to maintain excess air at the desired level in a combustion device over its operating range. A typical system consists of a flue gas oxygen and/or carbon monoxide monitor that automatically provides a feedback signal to the combustion air controller or draft controller. Part reclamation unit means a unit that burns coatings off parts (e.g., tools, equipment) so that the parts can be reconditioned and reused. Particulate matter means total particulate matter emitted from CISWI units as measured by Method 5 or Method 29 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A. Pathological waste means waste material consisting of only human or animal remains, anatomical parts, and/or tissue, the bags/containers used to collect and transport the waste material, and animal bedding (if applicable). Performance evaluation means the conduct of relative accuracy testing, calibration error testing, and other measurements used in validating the continuous monitoring system data. Performance test means the collection of data resulting from the execution of a test method (usually three emission test runs) used to demonstrate compliance with a relevant emission standard as specified in the performance test section of the relevant standard. Process change means any of the following physical or operational changes: (1) A physical change (maintenance activities excluded) to the CISWI unit which may increase the emission rate of any air pollutant to which a standard applies; (2) An operational change to the CISWI unit where a new type of non-hazardous secondary material is being combusted; (3) A physical change (maintenance activities excluded) to the air pollution control devices used to comply with the emission limits for the CISWI unit (e.g., replacing an electrostatic precipitator with a fabric filter); and (4) An operational change to the air pollution control devices used to comply with the emission limits for the affected CISWI unit (e.g., change in the sorbent injection rate used for activated carbon injection). Rack reclamation unit means a unit that burns the coatings off racks used to hold small items for application of a coating. The unit burns the coating overspray off the rack so the rack can be reused. Raw mill means a ball or tube mill, vertical roller mill or other size reduction equipment, that is not part of an in-line kiln/raw mill, used to grind feed to the appropriate size. Moisture may be added or removed from the feed during the grinding operation. If the raw mill is used to remove moisture from feed materials, it is also, by definition, a raw material dryer. The raw mill also includes the air separator associated with the raw mill. Reconstruction means rebuilding a CISWI unit and meeting two criteria: (1) The reconstruction begins on or after August 7, 2013; and (2) The cumulative cost of the construction over the life of the incineration unit exceeds 50 percent of the original cost of building and installing the CISWI unit (not including land) updated to current costs (current dollars). To determine what systems are within the boundary of the CISWI unit used to calculate these costs, see the definition of CISWI unit. Refuse-derived fuel means a type of municipal solid waste produced by processing municipal solid waste through shredding and size classification. This includes all classes of refuse-derived fuel including two fuels: (1) Low-density fluff refuse-derived fuel through densified refuse- derived fuel; and (2) Pelletized refuse-derived fuel. [[Page 3593]] Responsible official means one of the following: (1) For a corporation: A president, secretary, treasurer, or vice- president of the corporation in charge of a principal business function, or any other person who performs similar policy or decision- making functions for the corporation, or a duly authorized representative of such person if the representative is responsible for the overall operation of one or more manufacturing, production, or operating facilities applying for or subject to a permit and either: (i) The facilities employ more than 250 persons or have gross annual sales or expenditures exceeding $25 million (in second quarter 1980 dollars); or (ii) The delegation of authority to such representatives is approved in advance by the permitting authority; (2) For a partnership or sole proprietorship: a general partner or the proprietor, respectively; (3) For a municipality, state, federal, or other public agency: Either a principal executive officer or ranking elected official. For the purposes of this part, a principal executive officer of a Federal agency includes the chief executive officer having responsibility for the overall operations of a principal geographic unit of the agency (e.g., a Regional Administrator of EPA); or (4) For affected facilities: (i) The designated representative in so far as actions, standards, requirements, or prohibitions under Title IV of the Clean Air Act or the regulations promulgated thereunder are concerned; or (ii) The designated representative for any other purposes under part 60. Shutdown means, for incinerators and small, remote incinerators, the period of time after all waste has been combusted in the primary chamber. Small, remote incinerator means an incinerator that combusts solid waste (as that term is defined by the Administrator in 40 CFR part 241) and combusts 3 tons per day or less solid waste and is more than 25 miles driving distance to the nearest municipal solid waste landfill. Soil treatment unit means a unit that thermally treats petroleum- contaminated soils for the sole purpose of site remediation. A soil treatment unit may be direct-fired or indirect fired. A soil treatment unit is not an incinerator, a waste-burning kiln, an energy recovery unit or a small, remote incinerator under this subpart. Solid waste means the term solid waste as defined in 40 CFR 241.2. Solid waste incineration unit means a distinct operating unit of any facility which combusts any solid waste (as that term is defined by the Administrator in 40 CFR part 241) material from commercial or industrial establishments or the general public (including single and multiple residences, hotels and motels). Such term does not include incinerators or other units required to have a permit under section 3005 of the Solid Waste Disposal Act. The term ``solid waste incineration unit'' does not include: (1) Materials recovery facilities (including primary or secondary smelters) which combust waste for the primary purpose of recovering metals; (2) Qualifying small power production facilities, as defined in section 3(17)(C) of the Federal Power Act (16 U.S.C. 769(17)(C)), or qualifying cogeneration facilities, as defined in section 3(18)(B) of the Federal Power Act (16 U.S.C. 796(18)(B)), which burn homogeneous waste (such as units which burn tires or used oil, but not including refuse-derived fuel) for the production of electric energy or in the case of qualifying cogeneration facilities which burn homogeneous waste for the production of electric energy and steam or forms of useful energy (such as heat) which are used for industrial, commercial, heating or cooling purposes; or (3) Air curtain incinerators provided that such incinerators only burn wood wastes, yard wastes and clean lumber and that such air curtain incinerators comply with opacity limitations to be established by the Administrator by rule. Space heater means a unit that meets the requirements of 40 CFR 279.23. A space heater is not an incinerator, a waste-burning kiln, an energy recovery unit or a small, remote incinerator under this subpart. Standard conditions, when referring to units of measure, means a temperature of 68[emsp14][deg]F (20 [deg]C) and a pressure of 1 atmosphere (101.3 kilopascals). Startup period means, for incinerators and small, remote incinerators, the period of time between the activation of the system and the first charge to the unit. Useful Thermal Energy means energy (i.e., steam, hot water, or process heat) that meets the minimum operating temperature and/or pressure required by any energy use system that uses energy provided by the affected energy recovery unit. Waste-burning kiln means a kiln that is heated, in whole or in part, by combusting solid waste (as the term is defined by the Administrator in 40 CFR part 241). Secondary materials used in Portland cement kilns shall not be deemed to be combusted unless they are introduced into the flame zone in the hot end of the kiln or mixed with the precalciner fuel. Wet scrubber means an add-on air pollution control device that utilizes an aqueous or alkaline scrubbing liquor to collect particulate matter (including non-vaporous metals and condensed organics) and/or to absorb and neutralize acid gases. Wood waste means untreated wood and untreated wood products, including tree stumps (whole or chipped), trees, tree limbs (whole or chipped), bark, sawdust, chips, scraps, slabs, millings, and shavings. Wood waste does not include: (1) Grass, grass clippings, bushes, shrubs, and clippings from bushes and shrubs from residential, commercial/retail, institutional, or industrial sources as part of maintaining yards or other private or public lands; (2) Construction, renovation, or demolition wastes; or (3) Clean lumber. Table 1 to Subpart III of Part 62--Emission Limitations That Apply to Incinerators Before February 7, 2018 \2\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- And determining For the air pollutant You must meet this Using this averaging compliance using this emission limitation \1\ time method ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cadmium.............................. 0.004 milligrams per 3-run average (1 hour Performance test dry standard cubic minimum sample time (Method 29 of appendix meter. per run). A of part 60). Carbon monoxide...................... 157 parts per million 3-run average (1 hour Performance test by dry volume. minimum sample time (Method 10, 10A, or per run). 10B, of appendix A of this part). Dioxins/furans (toxic equivalency 0.41 nanograms per dry 3-run average (1 hour Performance test basis). standard cubic meter. minimum sample time (Method 23 of appendix per run). A of this part). [[Page 3594]] Hydrogen chloride.................... 62 parts per million by 3-run average (For Performance test dry volume. Method 26, collect a (Method 26 or 26A at minimum volume of 120 40 CFR part 60, liters per run. For appendix A-8). Method 26A, collect a minimum volume of 1 dry standard cubic meter per run). Lead................................. 0.04 milligrams per dry 3-run average (1 hour Performance test standard cubic meter. minimum sample time (Method 29 of appendix per run). A of this part). Mercury.............................. 0.47 milligrams per dry 3-run average (1 hour Performance test standard cubic meter. minimum sample time (Method 29 or 30B at per run). 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-8) or ASTM D6784-02 (Reapproved 2008).\3\ Opacity.............................. 10 percent............. Three 1-hour blocks Performance test consisting of ten 6- (Method 9 at 40 CFR minute average opacity part 60, appendix A- values. 4). Oxides of nitrogen................... 388 parts per million 3-run average (1 hour Performance test by dry volume. minimum sample time (Methods 7 or 7E at 40 per run). CFR part 60, appendix A-4). Particulate matter................... 70 milligrams per dry 3-run average (1 hour Performance test standard cubic meter. minimum sample time (Method 5 or 29 of per run). appendix A of part 60). Sulfur dioxide....................... 20 parts per million by 3-run average (1 hour Performance test dry volume. minimum sample time (Method 6 or 6c of per run). appendix A of part 60). ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ All emission limitations (except for opacity) are measured at 7 percent oxygen, dry basis at standard conditions. \2\ Applies only to incinerators subject to the CISWI standards through a state plan or the Federal plan prior to June 4, 2010. \3\ Incorporated by reference, see Sec. 62.14670(z). Table 2 to Subpart III of Part 62--Operating Limits for Wet Scrubbers ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- You must establish And monitor using these minimum frequencies For these operating parameters these operating ----------------------------------------------------------- limits Data measurement Data recording Averaging time ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Charge rate..................... Maximum charge Continuous........ Every hour........ 1. Daily (batch rate. units). 2. 3-hour rolling (continuous and intermittent units).\1\ Pressure drop across the wet Minimum pressure Continuous........ Every 15 minutes.. 3-hour rolling.\1\ scrubber or amperage to wet drop or amperage. scrubber. Scrubber liquor flow rate....... Minimum flow rate. Continuous........ Every 15 minutes.. 3-hour rolling.\1\ Scrubber liquor pH.............. Minimum pH........ Continuous........ Every 15 minutes.. 3-hour rolling.\1\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ Calculated each hour as the average of the previous 3 operating hours. Table 3 to Subpart III of Part 62--Toxic Equivalency Factors ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Toxic Dioxin/furan congener equivalency factor ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin............... 1 1,2,3,7,8-pentachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin............. 0.5 1,2,3,4,7,8-hexachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin............ 0.1 1,2,3,7,8,9-hexachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin............ 0.1 1,2,3,6,7,8-hexachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin............ 0.1 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-heptachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin......... 0.01 Octachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin........................ 0.001 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorinated dibenzofuran................... 0.1 2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorinated dibenzofuran................. 0.5 1,2,3,7,8-pentachlorinated dibenzofuran................. 0.05 1,2,3,4,7,8-hexachlorinated dibenzofuran................ 0.1 1,2,3,6,7,8-hexachlorinated dibenzofuran................ 0.1 1,2,3,7,8,9-hexachlorinated dibenzofuran................ 0.1 2,3,4,6,7,8-hexachlorinated dibenzofuran................ 0.1 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-heptachlorinated dibenzofuran............. 0.01 1,2,3,4,7,8,9-heptachlorinated dibenzofuran............. 0.01 Octachlorinated dibenzofuran............................ 0.001 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [[Page 3595]] Table 4 to Subpart III of Part 62--Summary of Reporting Requirements \1\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Report Due date Contents Reference ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- A. Waste Management Plan............. No later than November Waste management plan.. Sec. 62.14715. 7, 2017 or six months prior to the date you commence or recommence burning solid waste, whichever is later. B. Initial Test Report............... No later than 60 days 1. Complete test report Sec. 62.14720. following the initial for the initial performance test. performance test. 2. The values for the site-specific operating limits. 3. Installation of bag leak detection systems for fabric filters. C. Annual report..................... No later than 12 months 1. Name and address.... Sec. Sec. 62.14725 following the 2. Statement and and 62.14730. submission of the signature by Subsequent reports are initial test report. responsible official. to be submitted no Subsequent reports are 3. Date of report...... more than 12 months to be submitted no 4. Values for the following the previous more than 12 months operating limits.. report. following the previous 5. If no deviations or report. malfunctions were reported, a statement that no deviations occurred during the reporting period. 6. Highest recorded 3- hour average and the lowest 3-hour average, as applicable, for each operating parameter recorded for the calendar year being reported. 7. Information for deviations or malfunctions recorded under Sec. 62.14700(b)(6) and (c) through (e). 8. If a performance test was conducted during the reporting period, the results of the test. 9. If a performance test was not conducted during the reporting period, a statement that the requirements of Sec. 62.14680(a) were met. 10. Documentation of periods when all qualified CISWI unit operators were unavailable for more than 8 hours but less than 2 weeks. D. Emission Limitation or Operating By August 1 of that 1. Dates and times of Sec. Sec. 62.14735 Limit Deviation Report. year for data deviations. and 62.14740. collected during the 2. Averaged and first half of the recorded data for calendar year. these dates. By February 1 of the 3. Duration and causes following year for for each deviation and data collected during the corrective actions the second half of the taken. calendar year. 4. Copy of operating limit monitoring data and any test reports. 5. Dates, times, and causes for monitor downtime incidents. 6. Whether each deviation occurred during a period of startup, shutdown, or malfunction. E. Qualified Operator Deviation Within 10 days of 1. Statement of cause Sec. 62.14745(a)(1). Notification. deviation. of deviation. 2. Description of efforts to have an accessible qualified operator. 3. The date a qualified operator will be accessible. F. Qualified Operator Deviation Every 4 weeks following 1. Description of Sec. 62.14745(a)(2). Status Report. deviation. efforts to have an accessible qualified operator. 2. The date a qualified operator will be accessible. 3. Request for approval to continue operation. G. Qualified Operator Deviation Prior to resuming Notification that you Sec. 62.14745(b). Notification of Resumed Operation. operation. are resuming operation. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ This table is only a summary, see the referenced sections of the rule for the complete requirements. [[Page 3596]] Table 5 to Subpart III of Part 62--Model Rule--Emission Limitations That Apply to Incinerators on and After February 7, 2018 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- You must meet this And determining For the air pollutant emission limitation Using this averaging compliance using this \1\ time method ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cadmium.............................. 0.0026 milligrams per 3-run average (collect Performance test dry standard cubic a minimum volume of 2 (Method 29 at 40 CFR meter. dry standard cubic part 60, appendix A- meters). 8). Use ICPMS for the analytical finish. Carbon monoxide...................... 17 parts per million 3-run average (1 hour Performance test dry volume. minimum sample time (Method 10 at 40 CFR per run). part 60, appendix A- 4). Dioxins/furans (total mass basis).... 4.6 nanograms per dry 3-run average (collect Performance test standard cubic meter. a minimum volume of 2 (Method 23 at 40 CFR dry standard cubic part 60, appendix A- meters). 7). Dioxins/furans (toxic equivalency 0.13 nanograms per dry 3-run average (collect Performance test basis). standard cubic meter. a minimum volume of 2 (Method 23 at 40 CFR dry standard cubic part 60, appendix A- meters). 7). Hydrogen chloride.................... 29 parts per million 3-run average (For Performance test dry volume. Method 26, collect a (Method 26 or 26A at minimum volume of 60 40 CFR part 60, liters per run. For appendix A-8). Method 26A, collect a minimum volume of 1 dry standard cubic meter per run). Lead................................. 0.015 milligrams per 3-run average (collect Performance test dry standard cubic a minimum volume of 2 (Method 29 at 40 CFR meter.\2\ dry standard cubic part 60, appendix A- meters). 8). Use ICPMS for the analytical finish. Mercury.............................. 0.0048 milligrams per 3-run average (For Performance test dry standard cubic Method 29 an ASTM (Method 29 or 30B at meter. D6784-02 (Reapproved 40 CFR part 60, 2008),\3\ collect a appendix A-8) or ASTM minimum volume of 2 D6784-02 (Reapproved dry standard cubic 2008).\3\ meters per run. For Method 30B, collect a minimum sample as specified in Method 30B at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A). Oxides of nitrogen................... 53 parts per million 3-run average (for Performance test dry volume. Method 7E, 1 hour (Method 7 or 7E at 40 minimum sample time CFR part 60, appendix per run). A-4). Particulate matter filterable........ 34 milligrams per dry 3-run average (collect Performance test standard cubic meter. a minimum volume of 1 (Method 5 or 29 at 40 dry standard cubic CFR part 60, appendix meter). A-3 or appendix A-8). Sulfur dioxide....................... 11 parts per million 3-run average (1 hour Performance test dry volume. minimum sample time (Method 6 or 6c at 40 per run). CFR part 60, appendix A-4). Fugitive ash......................... Visible emissions for Three 1-hour Visible emission test no more than 5% of the observation periods. (Method 22 at 40 CFR hourly observation part 60, appendix A- period. 7). ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ All emission limitations are measured at 7 percent oxygen, dry basis at standard conditions. For dioxins/ furans, you must meet either the total mass basis limit or the toxic equivalency basis limit. \2\ If you are conducting stack tests to demonstrate compliance and your performance tests for this pollutant for at least 2 consecutive years show that your emissions are at or below this limit, you can skip testing according to Sec. 62.14680 if all of the other provisions of Sec. 62.14680 are met. For all other pollutants that do not contain a footnote ``2'', your performance tests for this pollutant for at least 2 consecutive years must show that your emissions are at or below 75 percent of this limit in order to qualify for skip testing. \3\ Incorporated by reference, see Sec. 62.1670(z). Table 6 to Subpart III of Part 62--Model Rule--Emission Limitations That Apply to Energy Recovery Units After February 7, 2018 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- You must meet this emission limitation \1\ Using this And determining For the air pollutant ---------------------------------------- averaging time compliance using Liquid/gas Solids this method ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cadmium......................... 0.023 milligrams Biomass--0.0014 3-run average Performance test per dry standard milligrams per (collect a (Method 29 at 40 cubic meter. dry standard minimum volume of CFR part 60, cubic meter. 2 dry standard appendix A-8). Coal--0.0017 cubic meters). Use ICPMS for the milligrams per analytical dry standard finish. cubic meter. Carbon monoxide................. 35 parts per Biomass--260 parts 3-run average (1 Performance test million dry per million dry hour minimum (Method 10 at 40 volume. volume. sample time per CFR part 60, Coal--95 parts per run). appendix A-4). million dry volume. [[Page 3597]] Dioxins/furans (total mass 2.9 nanograms per Biomass--0.52 3-run average Performance test basis). dry standard nanograms per dry (collect a (Method 23 at 40 cubic meter. standard cubic minimum volume of CFR part 60, meter.\2\ 4 dry standard appendix A-7). Coal--5.1 cubic meter). nanograms per dry standard cubic meter. Dioxins/furans (toxic 0.32 nanograms per Biomass--0.12 3-run average Performance test equivalency basis). dry standard nanograms per dry (collect a (Method 23 at 40 cubic meter. standard cubic minimum volume of CFR part 60, meter. 4 dry standard appendix A-7). Coal--0.075 cubic meters). nanograms per dry standard cubic meter.\2\. Hydrogen chloride............... 14 parts per Biomass--0.20 3-run average (for Performance test million dry parts per million Method 26, (Method 26 or 26A volume. dry volume. collect a minimum at 40 CFR part Coal--58 parts per of 120 liters; 60, appendix A- million dry for Method 26A, 8). volume. collect a minimum volume of 1 dry standard cubic meter). Lead............................ 0.096 milligrams Biomass--0.014 3-run average Performance test per dry standard milligrams per (collect a (Method 29 at 40 cubic meter. dry standard minimum volume of CFR part 60, cubic meter.\2\ 2 dry standard appendix A-8). Coal--0.057 cubic meters). Use ICPMS for the milligrams per analytical dry standard finish. cubic meter. Mercury......................... 0.0024 milligrams Biomass--0.0022 3-run average (For Performance test per dry standard milligrams per Method 29 and (Method 29 or 30B cubic meter. dry standard ASTM D6784-02 at 40 CFR part cubic meter. (Reapproved 60, appendix A-8) Coal--0.013 2008),\3\ collect or ASTM D6784-02 milligrams per a minimum volume (Reapproved 2008) dry standard of 2 dry standard \3\ cubic meter. cubic meters per run. For Method 30B, collect a minimum sample as specified in Method 30B at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A). Oxides of nitrogen.............. 76 parts per Biomass--290 parts 3-run average (for Performance test million dry per million dry Method 7E, 1 hour (Method 7 or 7E volume. volume. minimum sample at 40 CFR part Coal--460 parts time per run). 60, appendix A- per million dry 4). volume. Particulate matter filterable... 110 milligrams per Biomass--11 3-run average Performance test dry standard milligrams per (collect a (Method 5 or 29 cubic meter. dry standard minimum volume of at 40 CFR part cubic meter. 1 dry standard 60, appendix A-3 Coal--130 cubic meter). or appendix A-8) milligrams per if the unit has dry standard an annual average cubic meter. heat input rate less than or equal to 250 MMBtu/hr; or PM CPMS (as specified in Sec. 62.14670(x)) if the unit has an annual average heat input rate greater than 250 MMBtu/hr. Sulfur dioxide.................. 720 parts per Biomass--7.3 parts 3-run average (1 Performance test million dry per million dry hour minimum (Method 6 or 6c volume. volume. sample time per at 40 CFR part Coal--850 parts run). 60, appendix A- per million dry 4). volume. Fugitive ash.................... Visible emissions Visible emissions Three 1-hour Visible emission for no more than for no more than observation test (Method 22 5 percent of the 5 percent of the periods. at 40 CFR part hourly hourly 60, appendix A- observation observation 7). period. period. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ All emission limitations (except for opacity) are measured at 7 percent oxygen, dry basis at standard conditions. For dioxins/furans, you must meet either the total mass basis limit or the toxic equivalency basis limit. \2\ If you are conducting stack tests to demonstrate compliance and your performance tests for this pollutant for at least 2 consecutive years show that your emissions are at or below this limit, you can skip testing according to Sec. 62.14680 if all of the other provisions of Sec. 62.14680 are met. For all other pollutants that do not contain a footnote ``2'', your performance tests for this pollutant for at least 2 consecutive years must show that your emissions are at or below 75 percent of this limit in order to qualify for skip testing, with the exception of annual performance tests to certify a CEMS or PM CPMS. \3\ Incorporated by reference, see Sec. 62.14670(z). [[Page 3598]] Table 7 to Subpart III of Part 62--Model Rule--Emission Limitations That Apply to Waste-Burning Kilns After February 7, 2018 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- And determining For the air pollutant You must meet this Using this averaging compliance using this emission limitation \1\ time method \3\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cadmium.............................. 0.0014 milligrams per 3-run average (collect Performance test dry standard cubic a minimum volume of 2 (Method 29 at 40 CFR meter.\2\ dry standard cubic part 60, appendix A- meters). 8). Carbon monoxide...................... 110 (long kilns)/790 3-run average (1 hour Performance test (preheater/ minimum sample time (Method 10 at 40 CFR precalciner) parts per per run). part 60, appendix A- million dry volume. 4). Dioxins/furans (total mass basis).... 1.3 nanograms per dry 3-run average (collect Performance test standard cubic meter. a minimum volume of 4 (Method 23 at 40 CFR dry standard cubic part 60, appendix A- meters). 7). Dioxins/furans (toxic equivalency 0.075 nanograms per dry 3-run average (collect Performance test basis). standard cubic a minimum volume of 4 (Method 23 at 40 CFR meter.\2\ dry standard cubic part 60, appendix A- meters). 7). Hydrogen chloride.................... 3.0 parts per million 3-run average (collect Performance test dry volume.\2\ a minimum volume of 1 (Method 321 at 40 CFR dry standard cubic part 63, appendix A of meter) or 30-day this part) or HCl CEMS rolling average if HCl if a wet scrubber or CEMS is being used. dry scrubber is not used, as specified in Sec. 62.14670(j). Lead................................. 0.014 milligrams per 3-run average (collect Performance test dry standard cubic a minimum volume of 2 (Method 29 at 40 CFR meter.\2\ dry standard cubic part 60, appendix A- meters). 8). Mercury.............................. 0.011 milligrams per 30-day rolling average. Mercury CEMS or sorbent dry standard cubic trap monitoring system meter. (performance specification 12A or 12B, respectively, of appendix B of this part), as specified in Sec. 62.14670(j). Oxides of nitrogen................... 630 parts per million 3-run average (for Performance test dry volume. Method 7E, 1 hour (Method 7 or 7E at 40 minimum sample time CFR part 60, appendix per run). A-4). Particulate matter filterable........ 13.5 milligrams per dry 30-day rolling average. PM CPMS (as specified standard cubic meter. in Sec. 62.14670(x)). Sulfur dioxide....................... 600 parts per million 3-run average (for Performance test dry volume. Method 6, collect a (Method 6 or 6c at 40 minimum of 20 liters; CFR part 60, appendix for Method 6C, 1 hour A-4). minimum sample time per run). ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ All emission limitations are measured at 7 percent oxygen (except for CEMS data during startup and shutdown), dry basis at standard conditions. For dioxins/furans, you must meet either the total mass basis limit or the toxic equivalency basis limit. \2\ If you are conducting stack tests to demonstrate compliance and your performance tests for this pollutant for at least 2 consecutive years show that your emissions are at or below this limit, you can skip testing according to Sec. 62.14680 if all of the other provisions of Sec. 62.14680 are met. For all other pollutants that do not contain a footnote ``2'', your performance tests for this pollutant for at least 2 consecutive years must show that your emissions are at or below 75 percent of this limit in order to qualify for skip testing, with the exception of annual performance tests to certify a CEMS or PM CPMS. \3\ Alkali bypass and in-line coal mill stacks are subject to performance testing only, as specified in 62.14670(y)(3). They are not be subject to the CEMS, sorbent trap or CPMS requirements that otherwise may apply to the main kiln exhaust. Table 8 to Subpart III of Part 62--Model Rule--Emission Limitations That Apply to Small, Remote Incinerators After February 7, 2018 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- And determining For the air pollutant You must meet this Using this averaging compliance using this emission limitation \1\ time method ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cadmium.............................. 0.95 milligrams per dry 3-run average (collect Performance test standard cubic meter. a minimum volume of 1 (Method 29 at 40 CFR dry standard cubic part 60, appendix A- meters per run). 8). Carbon monoxide...................... 64 parts per million 3-run average (1 hour Performance test dry volume. minimum sample time (Method 10 at 40 CFR per run). part 60, appendix A- 4). Dioxins/furans (total mass basis).... 4,400 nanograms per dry 3-run average (collect Performance test standard cubic meter. a minimum volume of 1 (Method 23 at 40 CFR dry standard cubic part 60, appendix A- meters per run). 7). Dioxins/furans (toxic equivalency 180 nanograms per dry 3-run average (collect Performance test basis). standard cubic meter. a minimum volume of 1 (Method 23 at 40 CFR dry standard cubic part 60, appendix A- meters). 7). Fugitive ash......................... Visible emissions for Three 1-hour Visible emissions test no more than 5 percent observation periods. (Method 22 at 40 CFR of the hourly part 60, appendix A- observation period. 7). [[Page 3599]] Hydrogen chloride.................... 300 parts per million 3-run average (For Performance test dry volume. Method 26, collect a (Method 26 or 26A at minimum volume of 120 40 CFR part 60, liters per run. For appendix A-8). Method 26A, collect a minimum volume of 1 dry standard cubic meter per run). Lead................................. 2.1 milligrams per dry 3-run average (collect Performance test standard cubic meter. a minimum volume of 1 (Method 29 at 40 CFR dry standard cubic part 60, appendix A- meters). 8). Use ICPMS for the analytical finish. Mercury.............................. 0.0053 milligrams per 3-run average (For Performance test dry standard cubic Method 29 and ASTM (Method 29 or 30B at meter. D6784-02 (Reapproved 40 CFR part 60, 2008),\2\ collect a appendix A-8) or ASTM minimum volume of 2 D6784-02 (Reapproved dry standard cubic 2008).\2\ meters per run. For Method 30B, collect a minimum sample as specified in Method 30B at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A). Oxides of nitrogen................... 190 parts per million 3-run average (for Performance test dry volume. Method 7E, 1 hour (Method 7 or 7E at 40 minimum sample time CFR part 60, appendix per run). A-4). Particulate matter (filterable)...... 270 milligrams per dry 3-run average (collect Performance test standard cubic meter. a minimum volume of 1 (Method 5 or 29 at 40 dry standard cubic CFR part 60, appendix meters). A-3 or appendix A-8). Sulfur dioxide....................... 150 parts per million 3-run average (for Performance test dry volume. Method 6, collect a (Method 6 or 6c at 40 minimum of 20 liters CFR part 60, appendix per run; for Method A-4). 6C, 1 hour minimum sample time per run). ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ All emission limitations (except for opacity) are measured at 7 percent oxygen, dry basis at standard conditions. For dioxins/furans, you must meet either the total mass basis limit or the toxic equivalency basis limit. \2\ Incorporated by reference, see Sec. 62.14670(z). [FR Doc. 2016-31203 Filed 1-10-17; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 6560-50-P
| Category | Regulatory Information | |
| Collection | Federal Register | |
| sudoc Class | AE 2.7: GS 4.107: AE 2.106: | |
| Publisher | Office of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Administration | |
| Section | Proposed Rules | |
| Action | Proposed rule. | |
| Dates | Comments. Comments must be received on or before February 27, 2017. | |
| Contact | Dr. Nabanita Modak Fischer, Fuels and Incineration Group, Sector Policies and Programs Division (E143-05), Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711; telephone number: (919) 541-5572; fax number: (919) 541-3470; | |
| FR Citation | 82 FR 3554 | |
| RIN Number | 2060-AT28 | |
| CFR Associated | Environmental Protection; Administrative Practice and Procedure; Air Pollution Control; Incorporation by Reference; Intergovernmental Relations and Reporting and Recordkeeping Requirements |