82 FR 60246 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; LCH SA; Notice of Proposed Rule Change, Security-Based Swap Submission, or Advance Notice Relating to LCH SA's Recovery Plan
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Federal Register Volume 82, Issue 242 (December 19, 2017)
Federal Register Volume 82, Issue 242 (December 19, 2017)
| Page Range | 60246-60252 | |
| FR Document | 2017-27235 |
[Federal Register Volume 82, Number 242 (Tuesday, December 19, 2017)] [Notices] [Pages 60246-60252] From the Federal Register Online [www.thefederalregister.org] [FR Doc No: 2017-27235] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION [Release No. 34-82316; File No. SR-LCH SA-2017-012] Self-Regulatory Organizations; LCH SA; Notice of Proposed Rule Change, Security-Based Swap Submission, or Advance Notice Relating to LCH SA's Recovery Plan December 13, 2017. Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (``Act'') \1\ and Rule 19b-4 thereunder \2\ notice is hereby given that on November 30, 2017, Banque Centrale de Compensation, which conducts business under the name LCH SA (``LCH SA''), filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (``Commission'') the proposed rule change described in Items I, II, and III below, which Items have been prepared primarily by LCH SA. The Commission is publishing this notice to solicit comments on the proposed rule change from interested persons. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1). \2\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- [[Page 60247]] I. Clearing Agency's Statement of the Terms of Substance of the Proposed Rule Change LCH SA is proposing to adopt an updated recovery plan (the ``RP'') in accordance with Rule 17Ad-22(e)(3)(ii). The text of the proposed rule change has been annexed as Exhibit 5. LCH SA has requested confidential treatment of the material submitted as Exhibit 5. II. Clearing Agency's Statement of the Purpose of, and Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule Change In its filing with the Commission, LCH SA included statements concerning the purpose of and basis for the proposed rule change and discussed any comments it received on the proposed rule change. The text of these statements may be examined at the places specified in Item IV below. LCH SA has prepared summaries, set forth in sections A, B, and C below, of the most significant aspects of these statements. A. Clearing Agency's Statement of the Purpose of, and Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule Change 1. Purpose On September 28, 2016, the Securities and Exchange Commission (the ``Commission'') adopted amendments to Rule 17Ad-22 \3\ pursuant to Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the ``Act'') \4\ and the Payment, Clearing and Settlement Supervision Act of 2010 (``Clearing Supervision Act'') \5\ to establish enhanced standards for the operation and governance of those clearing agencies registered with the Commission that meet the definition of a ``covered clearing agency,'' as defined by Rule 17Ad-22(a)(5) \6\ (collectively, the new and amended rules are herein referred to as ``CCA rules''). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \3\ 17 CFR 240.17Ad-22. \4\ 15 U.S.C. 78q. \5\ 12 U.S.C. 5461 et seq. \6\ 17 CFR 240.17Ad-22(a)(5). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- LCH SA is a covered clearing agency under the CCA rules and therefore is subject to the requirements of the CCA rules, including Rule 17Ad-22(e)(3). The CCA rules require that covered clearing agencies, among other things, ``establish, implement, maintain and enforce written policies and procedures reasonably designed to . . . maintain a sound risk management framework for comprehensively managing legal, credit, liquidity, operational, general business, investment, custody, and other risks that arise in or are borne by the covered clearing agency, which . . . includes plans for the recovery and orderly wind-down of the covered clearing agency necessitated by credit losses, liquidity shortfalls, losses from general business risk, or any other losses''.\7\ As a central counterparty recognized under the European Market Infrastructure Regulation (``EMIR'') \8\, LCH SA is also subject to prudential requirements, as well as requirements regarding its operations and oversight. As a credit institution based in the European Union, LCH SA is also subject to Directive 2014/59/EU, as supplemented, requiring institutions to draw up and maintain recovery plans setting forth options for measures to be taken by the institution to restore its financial position following a significant deterioration of its financial position. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \7\ 17 CFR 240.17Ad-22(e)(3)(ii). \8\ Regulation (EU) No 648/2012 of 4 July 2012 on OTC derivatives, central counterparties and trade repositories --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Specific guidance has been given on Recovery for CCP by CPMI IOSCO. Within the CPMI IOSCO principles for financial market infrastructures (PFMI) it is outlined that all systemically important FMIs should have a comprehensive and effective recovery plan. For this purpose it has issued the report ``recovery of financial market infrastructures'' containing guidance on recovery plans, content of a recovery plan in October 2014 and a guidance relating resilience and recovery in 2017. Furthermore, regulations are under preparation on a European level outlining the Recovery and Resolution measures for CCPs. As described in more detail below, the purpose of the RP is to maintain the continuity of critical services in times of extreme stress and to facilitate the recovery of LCH SA agency. Among other things, the RP seeks to: (i) Identify if and to what level LCH SA's service are critical for the market and what internal or external services/systems are critical for the continuity of LCH SA's activity; (ii) outline the scenario under which recovery of the LCH SA might be necessary; (iii) define the early warning indicators and triggers for initiating the recovery measures under the RP, including the market conditions or events that could trigger it; (iv) define the governance framework to trigger these recovery measures; (v) identify the available recovery tools to manage crisis situations and to restore business as usual; and (vi) Perform a quantitative and qualitative assessment if the recover tools meet the CPMI IOSCO criteria for recovery instruments. The RP also includes a detailed summary of the overall business and regulatory framework that LCH SA operates in, including identification of applicable regulations, company structure, detail regarding the LCH SA business lines and geographical spread, and information regarding the interaction between LCH SA and its parent entity (the ``Parent''). The RP also contains an FMI analysis which analyses LCH SA relationship with other financial market infrastructure (e.g. settlement platforms, trade repositories, etc) and institutions used by LCH SA or its clearing members such a payment and settlement agents. The RP covers all scenarios which may potentially prevent LCH SA from providing its critical services: --The default of one or multiple Clearing Member(s) on one or several of its markets, where LCH SA has to re-establish the matched book and may have allocate any uncovered credit losses to its own capital or to surviving clearing members. --Potential and actual liquidity shortfalls as result of a clearing member or allied clearing house default. --The default of an investment counterparty of LCH SA or any other investment losses resulting from changes in the market value on the investments. --A loss resulting from an operational risk event or any other event which impacts the critical services provided by LCH SA (e.g., failure in the provision of service by a third party). --Poor business performance or loss of critical contracts with Exchanges. --Operational or financial failure of an FMI (e.g., allied clearing house/(I)CSD/Trades Repository). 1. Identification of Critical Services and Operations With respect to the critical services that might impact the continuity of LCH SA's operations, the proposed RP provides that an assessment has been done in accordance with guidance by the Financial Stability Board (``FSB'') on identification of critical functions and shared services. LCH SA has assessed that the clearing services LCH SA provides to participants with respect to the markets identified in the RP are deemed critical for purposes of the RP. Overall the services provided in respect of all markets are critical because: (1) The volume of the activity on certain markets may be very significant, (2) most of the business on the relevant market is cleared through LCH SA or (3) the suspension of the clearing service could impact materially the functioning of the market; the level of global market share with respect to certain products is high; and LCH SA's service are used by significant clearing firms. Moreover, a [[Page 60248]] transfer of the clearing activity to another CCP is technically and organizationally complex to perform on short notice. The RP also identifies those shared operations which LCH SA depends on to perform critical services to members, including those critical departments and services and systems within its corporate group and those provided by others. The RP identifies the main operating units within LCH SA that play a critical role in providing services as well as those enterprise systems that are critical for LCH SA's ongoing operations. Such systems are categorized as (i) Tier 1 Enterprise Critical (which is the most important category and where a failure may have direct impact on the continued functioning of LCH SA); (ii) Tier 2 Business Critical (which is a category of systems where business may not be able to proceed as usual in the event of a failure); and (iii) Tier 3 Business Support (which are non-critical systems). In addition, the RP identifies those services provided by its affiliates (including its Parent) and third-party service providers that are essential to LCH SA's operations as well as the agreements governing such relationships. The RP describes that LCH SA maintains comprehensive exit management plans should its Parent initiate its own recovery and wind- down plan, cease to operate, or notify LCH SA of its termination of services. The RP also describes the business continuity procedures and exit management plans that LCH SA would initiate upon the failure of a critical third-party service provider. 2. Identification of Possible Stress and Recovery Scenarios The RP categorizes potential stress scenarios in two ways as a result of either: (i) Clearing member defaults and (ii) non-clearing member events. Clearing member defaults are identified as those losses that threaten LCH SA's ability to operate as a going concern through either uncovered credit losses or liquidity shortfalls created as a result of a default by one or more members. Non-clearing member defaults are defined as losses impacting capital adequacy arising from risks, including, without limitation, general business risks, operational events, custody and investment risks, or risks on the interoperability link. The RP then identifies, prior to implementing any of the recovery strategies described therein, the day-to-day risk measures in place to assure provision of the critical services performed where these are insufficient the recovery plan will be triggered. With respect to clearing member defaults, the LCH SA risk framework provides mitigations for uncovered credit losses due to a member default. LCH SA follows high standards to assess financial resources against member portfolios, including initial margin model covering the potential loss from any member default to a 99.7% confidence level over the applicable holding period, margin add-ons to deal with specific member portfolios risks such as concentration, liquidity risk and sovereign risk, and default fund sizing to cover simultaneous default of the 2 members having the largest stress testing losses beyond the 99.7% confidence level. Stress tests are applied by LCH SA in order to assess whether financial resources are calibrated to handle systemic risks. In addition, a reverse stress resting procedure is used to ascertain adequacy of financial resources held against member positions. The stress testing framework is reviewed on an annual basis. Further, reverse stress testing exercise is conducted at least quarterly for each default fund and is subject to review by LCH Executive Risk Committee. Risk monitoring mechanisms have been established in order to anticipate and identify any credit or market risks with respect to a clearing member, including daily monitoring of credit watch lists by LCH SA's credit risk department. The RP covers the default of one or multiple Clearing Member(s) on one or several of its markets, where LCH SA has to re-establish the matched book and may have allocate any uncovered credit losses to its own capital or to surviving clearing members. With respect to liquidity shortfalls as a result of the clearing member default, the existing liquidity risk management framework seeks to manage liquidity risk by requiring certain minimum liquidity coverage ratio and using reserve stress testing to identify plausible scenarios where the liquidity coverage ratio falls below 100%, as well as considering the liquidity impact as a result of the default of its liquidity line provider. LCH SA would leverage on the reserve stress testing scenarios and the liquidity line provider's default to define the liquidity recovery scenarios. In addition, the RP provides that LCH SA uses a set of early warning indicators and management actions to mitigate liquidity risk prior to implementing RP. To the extent a clearing member default has occurred, LCH SA would perform increased risk monitoring, including preparation of liquidity risk reports that would be produced several times a day. The RP covers the potential and actual liquidity shortfalls as result of a clearing member or allied clearing house default. For operational risks, the RP provides that on a quarterly basis, control assessments, incident and audit recommendations are reviewed and adjusted as appropriate. On a yearly basis, a risk and control self-assessment is performed whereby all risks are reassessed. The operational risk department performs second line challenge on all these activities. In addition, all ``major'' or ``high'' incidents are processed through a detailed incident review to identify actions to further improve the control environment. LCH SA also performs a business impact analysis where it identifies all critical systems and departments and has in place a global business continuity strategy which outlines the strategy to maintain critical services in case of a disaster. The RP further identifies events, including cyber-attacks, failure of a critical service provider, failure of data providers and exchanges, failure of LCH SA's Parent, and reputational events as potential operational risks that could threaten its continued functioning. The RP covers both a loss resulting from an operational risk event or any other event which impacts the critical services provided by LCH SA (e.g., failure in the provision of service by a third party). Business risk is managed by the relevant individual business lines and requires frequent monitoring of results against budget and financial plans, with a second line challenge performed by the risk and finance departments to verify if sufficient capital buffers are available for applicable business risks. In addition, LCH SA conducts a yearly review of business risk scenarios to define potential loss scenarios under foreseeable conditions and the LCH SA finance department monitors key metrics, including revenues and quarterly financial information. Investment risk and second line monitoring is also conducted with respect to interest rate risk, aggregate credit risk exposure, daily mark-to-market limits, and internal credit scores for investment counterparties. The RP also considers that LCH SA is connected to a broad range of financial market infrastructures, including central securities depositories, settlement platforms and interoperating central counterparties and identifies the types of operational or financial failures that [[Page 60249]] could restrict LCH SA's ability to operate. Finally, the RP identifies a series of scenarios which, taken together, could also impact the continued functioning of critical services. 3. Triggers for RP The RP includes a detailed list of events which if they were to occur would trigger the implementation of a specific action identified in the RP. The RP provides that a clearing member default will be identified through credit risk monitoring and review of external information indicating a default. Each LCH SA business line then applies its own default management process under which a default management group identifies and manages the phases of the default management process and the application of the default waterfall. The possible triggers for the RP include: (i) A clearing member default, in which case the default procedures will be initiated to reestablish the matched book; (ii) several default events may lead to more than one replenishment of Skin in the Game (iii) mutualized default fund contributions per specific default have been consumed, in which case unfunded resources will be used to keep LCH SA appropriately funded. Each LCH SA business lines maintain its own default management process and waterfall, but, in general, the RP describes the tools used in the event of a clearing member default. The default management process is used to re-establish the matched book of LCH SA and return back to business as usual and therefore considered as a recovery tool. The relevant governance for the management of a default is followed as described in the paragraph 5. When covering the relevant credit losses related to a default event. First, LCH SA looks to the defaulting clearing member's margin. These amounts are already held by LCH SA and are available to manage the default of a clearing member and, as such, are not considered to be a trigger of the RP. Second, LCH SA looks to the defaulting clearing member's default fund contribution, which may be allocated to the defaulting clearing member's shortfalls. Again, this action is within the control of LCH SA and does not impact the capital adequacy of LCH SA, so is also not considered a trigger for the RP. Third, in line with requirements under EMIR, LCH SA is required to hold capital equivalent to 25 percent of LCH SA's minimum net capital requirement against which default losses can be applied against liquid available capital. In addition, excess capital is held to replenish such amount within the relevant EMIR deadline. Where multiple defaults occur over a longer time period and lead to multiple replenishments of Skin in the Game, this may lead to start up of the recovery plan and application of capital conservation measures. Fourth, should losses arising from a clearing member default be consumed by the defaulter's margin and default fund contribution and subsequently LCH SA's contribution from capital, LCH SA may look to non-defaulting member default fund contributions. Those amounts are pre-funded by members and held and controlled by LCH SA for the purposes of managing a default and, thus, the utilization of those amounts is not considered an application of the RP. However, LCH SA has the right to trigger an assessment of the defaults as to reestablish the fund to its original size, and such an assessment is considered to be a recovery measure under the RP. Finally, when it is no longer possible for LCH SA to make assessments and all pre-funded default fund contributions have been used, recovery measures under the RP, as described below, will be implemented. With respect to liquidity shortfall triggers, LCH SA runs a daily liquidity assessment and monitors key liquidity drivers. In the event that these fall below a specific level, the RP will be triggered. In addition, the occurrence of a clearing member default or the failure of a third-party providing settlement and payment services to clearing member may also result in increased monitoring, and in the event that LCH SA does not have sufficient liquid resources to meet liquidity needs, the RP would be triggered. With respect to non-clearing member default events, the RP identifies those events with more particularity and identifies the specific triggers for the RP with respect to such events. For investment losses, which are defined as losses related to the default of an investment counterparty or losses incurred as a result of extreme market conditions, the RP is triggered if losses are greater than the maximum regulatory capital allocated to this activity. For operational risk events, the RP is triggered upon any operational losses that consume the regulatory capital LCH SA holds against the relevant risks; failure of a third party which impacts the provision of LCH SA's services; and reputational events impacting LCH SA's reputation with clearing members and partners. With respect to business risks, the RP is triggered upon a loss that consumes the regulatory capital LCH SA holds against the relevant risks. The RP may also be triggered upon the failure of other financial market infrastructures. 4. Identification and Assessment of Recovery Tools The RP identifies the various recovery tools that may be applied by LCH SA upon the triggering of the RP, using again the same distinction between clearing member default events and non-clearing member events. For clearing member default scenarios, the existing stages of the LCH SA default management process have been used as the framework for identifying and confirming the appropriate tools to use in the event of a clearing member default. The RP describes that the default management process in detail and summarizes the actions to be taken at each phase, including, as mentioned above, (i) reestablishing the matched book, (ii) default fund assessments, (iii) service continuity charges, and (iv) voluntary payments. To the extent that the default fund and assessments cannot manage the losses accumulated from the clearing member default and any service continuity or voluntary service continuity contributions received are not sufficient to cover the relevant losses, the service closure phase of the default management process is triggered and all outstanding contracts will be closed out as of the clearing day following such determination and all relevant losses are allocated to the clearing members. If the RP is triggered as a result of a liquidity shortfall, the RP provides that LCH SA may use its central bank credit line to deposited securities received on behalf of defaulting clearing member(s). Other potential tools to manage liquidity stress situation are limits with respect to illiquid collateral or, if necessary apply increased haircuts on certain types of collateral to incentivize the use of more liquid collateral as well or apply specific liquidity margins. The measures should assure that LCH SA has sufficient liquid resources at all times. As a last resort, under its rulebook, LCH SA could defer funding for the settlement platform for a limited period of time. As to non-clearing member events, the tool that is used under the RP will depend on the nature of the event, but for most investment, business, and operational risks, LCH SA has its capital surplus that it can allocate losses against. Further, LCH SA can put in place several measures for capital conservation and LCH SA also maintains insurance coverage for specific operational risk events. As a last resort, LCH SA may also initiate a [[Page 60250]] capital raising strategy in order to obtain an injection of capital to replenish any consumed capital. If an event resulted in a major disruption of its activities, LCH SA would initiate its business continuity strategy, which establishes an enterprise wide RP and response proportionate to the event which aims to minimize the impact of a major disruption on LCH SA's critical business and resources. For any disruption or loss of key third-party service provider, LCH SA would be able to exercise several contractual rights and maintains exit plans which are intended to safeguard the continuity of services. LCH SA also maintains c back up procedures and protocols that would be initiated if there is an impact on critical services of FMIs, for example its ability to collect margin within T2 under an emergency platform. Finally, LCH SA maintains a crisis communication plan which outlines the procedure for communicating with clearing members and partners in the event of a disruption. With respect to each recovery tool identified, the RP also seeks to assess that each tool possesses the following characteristics: Comprehensive; effective, including as to reliability, timeliness; transparent, provides appropriate incentives, and results in a minimum negative impact. To confirm that each recovery tool does, in fact, have these characteristics, the RP considers as to each: The barriers or constraints within the tool itself; the steps and time to implement (if not already available as a tool); the likely effectiveness of the tool; any risk of execution; the potential impacts on participants and markets generally; the sequencing of the use of the tools where multiple tools may be required; and the legal basis of the tool. The RP also includes a qualitative and quantitative assessment to provide an indication of the likelihood and severity of a potential recovery situation and whether the tools included in the RP are adequate. 5. Governance Requirements The creation of the RP and its approval is subject to a number of layers of governance approval. At a high level, the LCH SA Management Committee is responsible for the preparation of the RP and implementation of the monitoring and the recovery tools set forth in the RP. Before submission to the LCH SA Risk Committee, the RP is reviewed and validated by the Executive Risk Committee of LCH Group. The LCH SA Risk committee, which includes independent directors, then reviews, challenges (if needed), and recommends the RP for approval by the LCH SA board. Final approval of the RP rests with the LCH SA Board. At a more granular level, the RP identifies the groups and individuals within LCH SA that are responsible for the various aspects of the RP. A clearing member default will be managed in accordance with the relevant procedures. The Default Management Group (``DMG'') is responsible for the management of the default while all critical decisions are escalated and submitted to the LCH SA Default Crisis Management Team (``DCMT''). All decision which may lead to the triggering of recovery measures are subject to discussion in the DCMT and approval of the LCH SA CEO. With respect to non-clearing member events, the management of those events will depend on the nature of the event. For example, investment losses and liquidity shortfalls are managed from a first line of defense, which attempts to control risks within the risk appetite parameters set by the Board, and then are escalated as appropriate. Operational risks are managed in accordance with the operational risk policy approved by the Board and reporting and second line challenges are performed by the operational risk department. Business risk is managed by individual business lines and requires frequent monitoring of results against budget and financial plans, with a second line challenge performed by the risk and finance departments to verify if sufficient capital buffers are available for the applicable business risks. Upon the occurrence of a clearing member default, the recovery measures that will apply are clearly set forth in LCH SA's rulebook and LCH SA's CEO has the authority to trigger the different stages in the waterfall process, but will consult with DCMT and regulators prior to taking any action. In addition, the RP provides that the LCH SA will also activate an emergency board meeting for approval (if reasonably possible). Upon receipt of information relevant to a scenario causing non-default losses, the LCH SA management committee will consider whether a recommendation to formally invoke the RP should be made to the LCH SA Board. Upon receipt of a recommendation for action, the LCH SA Board will consider the information presented to determine if the RP should be formally invoked. 6. Plan Testing and Maintenance The RP requires that LCH SA conduct testing and review of member default rules and associated procedures through the running of periodic ``fire drills'' which simulate member default scenarios. According to the RP, the fire drills are intended to simulate all aspects of a member default, including the auctioning of the defaulting members portfolio to non-defaulting members (where appropriate) and involves the participation of members and relevant functions within the LCH SA organization. Further, because one of the main scenarios contemplated under the RP is a clearing member default, the testing of this element (i.e. the tools to recover from uncovered credit losses or liquidity shortfalls arising from a member default) will be incorporated into each relevant fire drill cycle. As noted in the RP, LCH SA performs an annual multi-service fire drill and service specific fire drills are performed at least annually and testing for non-default events are incorporated into the fire drill regime as well. Should either the periodic testing or other change within LCH SA result in the need to amend the RP, the RP will be revised in accordance with the governance requirements identified above. 2. Statutory Basis LCH SA believes that the proposed rule change is consistent with the requirements of Section 17A of the Act and the regulations thereunder, including the standards under Rule 17Ad-22.\9\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \9\ 17 CFR 240.17Ad-22. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Section 17A(b)(3)(F) of the Act \10\ requires, among other things, that the rules of a clearing agency be designed to promote the prompt and accurate clearance and settlement of securities transactions to assure safeguarding of securities and funds which are in the custody or control of the clearing agency or for which it is responsible, and in general to protect investors and the public interest. LCH SA believes that the RP will permit it to initiate recovery upon the occurrence of certain trigger events to maintain continuity of critical services or orderly wind down in accordance with the applicable requirements of Rule 17Ad-22 \11\ and LCH SA's rules. The RP is designed to formalize and set out the risk framework and measures that LCH SA will use to ensure its stability and recovery in the event of a crisis in order to be able to maintain its critical business processes and operations. Specifically, the RP would describe the LCH SA risk framework and process applicable to identify, measure, monitor and manage the risks faced by LCH SA in the provision of clearing, settlement and risk management services when a crisis [[Page 60251]] event occurs. The RP would serve as a means of addressing, credit risk, market risk, general business risk, operational risk, and other risks that may otherwise threaten the viability of LCH SA. The RP would also support the stability of LCH SA as a clearing house that is part of the broader financial markets and seeks to promote the protection of market participants from the risk of default by a clearing member of LCH SA or an unforeseen operational or business event that impacts LCH SA's continued functioning. In that regard, LCH SA believes that the RP supports the public interest, in line with Section 17A(b)(3)(F) \12\ of the Act. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \10\ 15 U.S.C. 78q-1(b)(3)(F). \11\ 17 CFR 240.17Ad-22. \12\ 15 U.S.C. 78q-1(b)(3)(F). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- The RP would also be consistent with the specific relevant requirements of Rule 17Ad-22, including under 17Ad-22(e)(2) and (3).\13\ Rule 17Ad-22(e)(2) \14\ provides that a covered clearing agency shall have governance arrangements that are clear and transparent and clearly prioritize the safety and efficiency of the covered clearing agency, to support the public interest requirements in Section 17A of the Act applicable to clearing agencies, and the objectives of owners and participants. LCH SA believes that the RP is consistent with these requirements. The RP includes extensive governance requirements that clearly identify the lines of responsibility with respect to the RP. As described above, at a high level, the LCH SA Management Committee is responsible for the preparation of the RP and implementation of the monitoring and the recovery tools set forth in the RP. The LCH SA Risk committee, which includes clearing member representatives, then reviews, challenges (if needed), and recommends the RP for approval by the LCH SA board. Final approval of the RP rests with the LCH SA Board, which includes, among other categories, non-executive Chair, independent directors and user directors. At a more granular level, the RP identifies the groups and individuals within LCH SA that are responsible for the various aspects of the RP. Therefore, LCH SA believes that the RP contains governance arrangements that are clear and transparent and clearly prioritize the safety and efficiency of the covered clearing agency, to support the public interest requirements and the objectives of owners and participants, and is, therefore, consistent with the requirements of Rule 17Ad-22(e)(2). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \13\ 17 CFR 240.17Ad-22(e)(2) and (3). \14\ 17 CFR 240.17Ad-22(e)(2). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Rule 17Ad-22(e)(3)\15\ requires that a covered clearing agency maintain a sound risk management framework for comprehensively managing legal, credit, liquidity, operational, general business, investment, custody, and other risks that arise in or are borne by the covered clearing agency, which must include plans for the recovery and orderly wind-down of the covered clearing agency necessitated by credit losses, liquidity shortfalls, losses from general business risk, or any other losses. The RP is designed to maintain the continuity of critical services in times of extreme stress and to facilitate the recovery of LCH SA in the event of extreme (loss) scenarios, as part of LCH SA's comprehensive risk management framework. As described above, the RP seeks to identify those services which could impact the continuity of LCH SA's operations, implement early warning indicators to identify potential recovery scenarios and define the triggers for initiating the RP, and clearly identify the recovery tools available under the RP. Accordingly, LCH SA believes the RP is consistent with Rule 17Ad- 22(e)(3).\16\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \15\ 17 CFR 240.17Ad-22(e)(3). \16\ 17 CFR 240.17Ad-22(e)(3). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- B. Clearing Agency's Statement on Burden on Competition Section 17A(b)(3)(I) of the Act requires that the rules of a clearing agency not impose any burden on competition not necessary or appropriate in furtherance of the purposes of the Act.\17\ LCH SA does not believe the proposed rule change would impact or impose any burden on competition. The proposed rule change would establish and maintain LCH SA's RP in accordance with the CCA rules. The RP would not affect clearing member's access to services offered by LCH SA or impose any direct burden on clearing members. To the contrary, the RP seeks to identify the key risks and to establish appropriate recovery measures to ensure LCH SA's ability to operate in the event of an extreme loss. Accordingly, the proposed rule change would not unfairly inhibit market participants' access to LCH SA's services or disadvantage or favor any particular user in relationship to another user. Therefore, LCH SA does not believe that the proposed rule change imposes any burden on competition that is not necessary or appropriate in furtherance of the purposes of the Act. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \17\ 15 U.S.C. 78q-1(b)(3)(I). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- C. Clearing Agency's Statement on Comments on the Proposed Rule Change Received From Members, Participants or Others Written comments relating to the proposed rule change have not been solicited or received. LCH SA will notify the Commission of any written comments received by LCH SA. III. Date of Effectiveness of the Proposed Rule Change and Timing for Commission Action Within 45 days of the date of publication of this notice in the Federal Register or within such longer period up to 90 days (i) as the Commission may designate if it finds such longer period to be appropriate and publishes its reasons for so finding or (ii) as to which the self-regulatory organization consents, the Commission will: (A) By order approve or disapprove such proposed rule change, or (B) institute proceedings to determine whether the proposed rule change should be disapproved. IV. Solicitation of Comments Interested persons are invited to submit written data, views, and arguments concerning the foregoing, including whether the proposed rule change is consistent with the Act. Comments may be submitted by any of the following methods: Electronic CommentsUse the Commission's internet comment form (http://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml); or Send an email to [email protected]. Please include File Number SR-LCH SA-2017-012 on the subject line. Paper Comments Send paper comments in triplicate to Secretary, Securities and Exchange Commission, 100 F Street NE, Washington, DC 20549-1090. All submissions should refer to File Number SR-LCH SA-2017-012. This file number should be included on the subject line if email is used. To help the Commission process and review your comments more efficiently, please use only one method. The Commission will post all comments on the Commission's internet website (http://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml). Copies of the submission, all subsequent amendments, all written statements with respect to the proposed rule change that are filed with the Commission, and all written communications relating to the proposed rule change between the Commission and any person, other than [[Page 60252]] those that may be withheld from the public in accordance with the provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be available for website viewing and printing in the Commission's Public Reference Room, 100 F Street NE, Washington, DC 20549 on official business days between the hours of 10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. Copies of the filing also will be available for inspection and copying at the principal office of LCH SA and on LCH SA's website at http://www.lch.com/asset-classes/cdsclear. All comments received will be posted without change. Persons submitting comments are cautioned that we do not redact or edit personal identifying information from comment submissions. You should submit only information that you wish to make available publicly. All submissions should refer to File Number SR-LCH SA-2017-012 and should be submitted on or before January 9, 2018. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \18\ 17 CFR 200.30-3(a)(12). For the Commission, by the Division of Trading and Markets, pursuant to delegated authority.\18\ Eduardo A. Aleman, Assistant Secretary. [FR Doc. 2017-27235 Filed 12-18-17; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 8011-01-P
![60246 Federal Register / Vol. 82, No. 242 / Tuesday, December 19, 2017 / Notices
settlement processes. As noted above, Members to have sufficient financial Accordingly, the Commission finds that
by formalizing the CCRM Policy, OCC is resources to meet their obligations to these policies and procedures are
organizing and describing in a central OCC. Moreover, the CCRM Policy consistent with the requirements in
location the policies and procedures outlines the Watch Level Reporting Rule 17Ad–22(e)(20).23
that compose its framework for the process used by OCC to monitor
comprehensive management of credit compliance with such participation III. Conclusion
risk. The CCRM Policy specifically requirements on an ongoing basis.
On the basis of the foregoing, the
describes the various processes by Accordingly, the Commission finds that
Commission finds that the proposed
which OCC identifies, measures, these policies and procedures are
monitors, and manages its credit consistent with the requirements in change is consistent with the
exposures arising from its payment, Rule 17Ad–22(e)(18).19 requirements of the Act, and in
clearing, and settlement processes. particular, with the requirements of
E. Consistency With Rule 17Ad– Section 17A of the Act 24 and the rules
Accordingly, the Commission finds that
22(e)(19) and regulations thereunder.
the proposed changes are consistent
with Rules 17Ad–22(e)(3) and (e)(4).15 Rule 17Ad–22(e)(19) 20 requires each It is therefore ordered, pursuant to
covered clearing agency to establish, Section 19(b)(2) of the Exchange Act,25
C. Consistency With Rule 17Ad– implement, maintain and enforce
22(e)(16) that the proposed rule change (SR–
written policies and procedures OCC–2017–009) be, and it hereby is,
Rule 17Ad–22(e)(16) 16 requires each reasonably designed to identify, approved.
covered clearing agency to establish, monitor, and manage the material risks
implement, maintain and enforce to the covered clearing agency arising For the Commission, by the Division of
written policies and procedures from arrangements in which firms that Trading and Markets, pursuant to delegated
reasonably designed to among other are indirect participants in the covered authority.26
things, safeguard the covered clearing clearing agency rely on the services Eduardo A. Aleman,
agency’s own and its participants’ assets provided by direct participants to access Assistant Secretary.
and minimize the risk of loss and delay the covered clearing agency’s payment, [FR Doc. 2017–27231 Filed 12–18–17; 8:45 am]
in access to these assets. According to clearing, or settlement facilities. OCC BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
OCC, the access and participation represented that the CCRM Policy
requirements for Commercial and outlines the process by which OCC
Central Banks outlined in the CCRM identifies and monitors the material SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
Policy enable it to appropriately risks arising from indirect participants COMMISSION
evaluate each bank against relevant through tiered participation
minimum standards of creditworthiness arrangements, including through the use
[Release No. 34–82316; File No. SR–LCH
and for its overall financial condition of risk examinations of its Clearing
SA–2017–012]
and operational capabilities, and are Members. Accordingly, the Commission
therefore designed to minimize the risk finds that these policies and procedures Self-Regulatory Organizations; LCH
of loss and delay in access to OCC’s are consistent with the requirements in
SA; Notice of Proposed Rule Change,
assets and its participants’ assets. Rule 17Ad–22(e)(19).21
Security-Based Swap Submission, or
Accordingly, the Commission finds that
F. Consistency With Rule 17Ad– Advance Notice Relating to LCH SA’s
these policies and procedures are
22(e)(20) Recovery Plan
consistent with the requirements in
Rule 17Ad–22(e)(16).17 Rule 17Ad–22(e)(20) 22 requires each
December 13, 2017.
covered clearing agency to establish,
D. Consistency With Rule 17Ad– implement, maintain and enforce Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the
22(e)(18) written policies and procedures Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Rule 17Ad–22(e)(18) 18 requires each reasonably designed to among other (‘‘Act’’) 1 and Rule 19b–4 thereunder 2
covered clearing agency to establish, things, identify, monitor, and manage notice is hereby given that on November
implement, maintain and enforce risks related to any link the covered 30, 2017, Banque Centrale de
written policies and procedures clearing agency establishes with one or Compensation, which conducts
reasonably designed to among other more other clearing agencies or FMUs. business under the name LCH SA (‘‘LCH
things, establish objective, risk-based, OCC represented that the CCRM Policy SA’’), filed with the Securities and
and publicly disclosed criteria for outlines the standards OCC uses to Exchange Commission (‘‘Commission’’)
participation, which permit fair and evaluate FMU Counterparties prior to the proposed rule change described in
open access and require participants to entering into any link arrangement Items I, II, and III below, which Items
have sufficient financial resources and (including the evaluations OCC would have been prepared primarily by LCH
robust operational capacity to meet perform relating to rights and interests, SA. The Commission is publishing this
obligations arising from participation in collateral arrangements, settlement notice to solicit comments on the
the clearing agency, and monitor finality and netting arrangements, and proposed rule change from interested
compliance with such participation financial and custody risks that may
persons.
requirements on an ongoing basis. OCC arise due to such link arrangement) and
stated that the CCRM Policy ensures the processes by which OCC measures
sradovich on DSK3GMQ082PROD with NOTICES
23 Id.
that OCC has objective, risk-based, and and monitors the risks arising from such 24 In approving this proposed rule change, the
publicly disclosed criteria for FMU Counterparties (including its FMU Commission has considered the proposed rule’s
participation and requiring Clearing Watch Level Reporting process). impact on efficiency, competition, and capital
formation. See 15 U.S.C. 78c(f).
15 Id. 19 Id. 25 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(2).
16 17 CFR 240.17Ad–22(e)(16). 20 17 CFR 240.17Ad–22(e)(19). 26 17 CFR 200.30–3(a)(12).
17 Id. 21 Id. 1 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
18 17 CFR 240.17Ad–22(e)(18). 22 17 CFR 240.17Ad–22(e)(20). 2 17 CFR 240.19b–4.
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![60252 Federal Register / Vol. 82, No. 242 / Tuesday, December 19, 2017 / Notices
those that may be withheld from the Institution and settlement of Risk Management Policy (‘‘CRM
public in accordance with the injunctive actions; Policy’’). The CRM Policy describes the
provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be Institution and settlement of categories of risk that are considered by
available for website viewing and administrative proceedings; OCC in determining which asset classes
printing in the Commission’s Public Resolution of litigation claims; and should be acceptable forms of collateral
Reference Room, 100 F Street NE, Other matters relating to enforcement as margin assets and Clearing Fund
Washington, DC 20549 on official proceedings. contributions. OCC’s assessment of an
business days between the hours of At times, changes in Commission asset class generally includes an
10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. Copies of the priorities require alterations in the evaluation of credit risk, liquidity risk,
filing also will be available for scheduling of meeting items. and market risk.5 With respect to credit
inspection and copying at the principal CONTACT PERSON FOR MORE INFORMATION: risk, the CRM Policy requires OCC staff
office of LCH SA and on LCH SA’s For further information and to ascertain to evaluate the creditworthiness of
website at http://www.lch.com/asset- what, if any, matters have been added, counterparties, including custodial
classes/cdsclear. deleted or postponed; please contact agents and settlement banks and to
All comments received will be posted Brent J. Fields from the Office of the monitor the health of such
without change. Persons submitting Secretary at (202) 551–5400. counterparties on an ongoing basis.6
comments are cautioned that we do not Dated: December 14, 2017. Regarding liquidity risk, OCC gives no
redact or edit personal identifying Brent J. Fields, value to a participant for its own (or its
information from comment submissions. Secretary. affiliate’s) debt or equity securities, and
You should submit only information [FR Doc. 2017–27359 Filed 12–15–17; 11:15 am] limits the amount of a particular asset
that you wish to make available type that a participant may pledge
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
publicly. All submissions should refer under the CRM Policy.7 With respect to
to File Number SR–LCH SA–2017–012 market risks, the CRM Policy provides
and should be submitted on or before SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE that eligible asset classes are accepted
January 9, 2018. COMMISSION after consideration of their liquidity,
For the Commission, by the Division of price transparency, price volatility,
[Release No. 34–82311; File No. SR–OCC– offset potential with contracts cleared
Trading and Markets, pursuant to delegated 2017–008]
authority.18 by OCC, modeling implications and
Eduardo A. Aleman, Self-Regulatory Organizations; The projected inventories.8
Assistant Secretary. Options Clearing Corporation; Order The CRM Policy describes OCC’s
[FR Doc. 2017–27235 Filed 12–18–17; 8:45 am] Approving Proposed Rule Change approach to valuing collateral and
Related to The Options Clearing setting and applying haircuts. OCC’s
BILLING CODE 8011–01–P
Corporation’s Collateral Risk pricing information, as described in the
Management Policy CRM Policy, feeds into OCC’s processes
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE for establishing haircuts, daily mark-to-
COMMISSION December 13, 2017. market valuation of collateral, and
intraday valuation of collateral. Given
I. Introduction
Sunshine Act Meetings the importance of pricing data to inform
On October 27, 2017, the Options these processes, OCC maintains
TIME AND DATE: 2:00 p.m. on Thursday, Clearing Corporation (‘‘OCC’’) filed with redundant information feeds from
December 21, 2017. the Securities and Exchange multiple sources to help ensure
PLACE: Closed Commission Hearing Commission (‘‘Commission’’), pursuant accuracy and quality.9
Room 10800. to Section 19(b)(1) of the Securities The CRM Policy also summarizes
STATUS: This meeting will be closed to
Exchange Act of 1934 (‘‘Act’’) 1 and Rule OCC’s two approaches for valuing
the public. 19b–4 thereunder,2 a proposed rule collateral: Collateral in Margins (‘‘CiM’’)
change (SR–OCC–2017–008) to and haircuts.10 Under the CiM
MATTERS TO BE CONSIDERED:
formalize and update OCC’s Collateral approach, the current market value of
Commissioners, Counsel to the Risk Management Policy. The proposed margin assets is included as a positive
Commissioners, the Secretary to the rule change was published for comment asset value in the calculation of a
Commission, and recording secretaries in the Federal Register on November 9, portfolio’s net asset value within OCC’s
will attend the closed meeting. Certain 2017.3 The Commission received one System for Theoretical Analysis and
staff members who have an interest in comment letter regarding the proposed Numerical Simulations (‘‘STANS’’).
the matters also may be present. change.4 For the reasons discussed OCC then offsets this positive asset
The General Counsel of the below, the Commission is approving the value based on, among other things, the
Commission, or his designee, has proposed rule change. expected shortfall and stress test charges
certified that, in his opinion, one or
II. Description of the Proposed Rule associated with an account, resulting in
more of the exemptions set forth in 5
Change a net excess or net deficit.11 For
U.S.C. 552b(c)(3), (5), (6), (7), (8), 9(B)
collateral that is not managed using the
and (10) and 17 CFR 200.402(a)(3), This proposed rule change would CiM process, the CRM Policy provides
(a)(5), (a)(6), (a)(7), (a)(8), (a)(9)(ii) and formalize and update OCC’s Collateral that OCC subjects such collateral to
(a)(10), permit consideration of the
percentage haircuts established at the
sradovich on DSK3GMQ082PROD with NOTICES
scheduled matters at the closed meeting. 1 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
Commissioner Stein, as duty officer, 2 17 CFR 240.19b–4. 5 Notice, 82 FR at 52080.
voted to consider the items listed for the 3 Securities Exchange Act Release No. 82009
6 Id.
closed meeting in closed session. (Nov. 3, 2017), 82 FR 52079 (Nov. 9, 2017) (SR– 7 Id.
OCC–2017–008) (‘‘Notice’’).
The subject matters of the closed 4 Letter from Michael Kitlas, dated November 3,
8 Id.
meeting will be: 2017. See comments on the proposed rule change
9 Notice,82 FR at 52080–81.
10 Notice, 82 FR at 52081.
(SR–OCC–2017–008), https://www.sec.gov/
18 17 CFR 200.30–3(a)(12). comments/sr-occ-2017-008/occ2017008.htm. 11 Notice, 82 FR at 52081, note 23.
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Document Created: 2017-12-19 01:31:20
Document Modified: 2017-12-19 01:31:20
| Category | Regulatory Information | |
| Collection | Federal Register | |
| sudoc Class | AE 2.7: GS 4.107: AE 2.106: | |
| Publisher | Office of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Administration | |
| Section | Notices | |
| FR Citation | 82 FR 60246 |
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