83_FR_2775 83 FR 2762 - Consent for Release of VA Medical Records

83 FR 2762 - Consent for Release of VA Medical Records

DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS

Federal Register Volume 83, Issue 13 (January 19, 2018)

Page Range2762-2765
FR Document2018-00758

The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) proposes to amend its regulations to clarify that a valid consent authorizing the Department to release the patient's confidential VA medical records to a health information exchange (HIE) community partner may be established not only by VA's physical possession of the written consent form, but also by the HIE community partner's written (electronic) attestation that the patient has, in fact, provided such consent. This proposed rule would be a reinterpretation of an existing, long-standing regulation and is necessary to facilitate modern requirements for the sharing of patient records with community health care providers, health plans, governmental agencies, and other entities participating in electronic HIEs. This revision would ensure that more community health care providers and other HIE community partners can deliver informed medical care to patients by having access to the patient's VA medical records at the point of care.

Federal Register, Volume 83 Issue 13 (Friday, January 19, 2018)
[Federal Register Volume 83, Number 13 (Friday, January 19, 2018)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 2762-2765]
From the Federal Register Online  [www.thefederalregister.org]
[FR Doc No: 2018-00758]


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DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS

38 CFR Part 1

RIN 2900-AP90


Consent for Release of VA Medical Records

AGENCY: Department of Veterans Affairs.

ACTION: Proposed rule.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

SUMMARY: The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) proposes to amend its 
regulations to clarify that a valid consent authorizing the Department 
to release the patient's confidential VA medical records to a health 
information exchange (HIE) community partner may be established not 
only by VA's physical possession of the written consent form, but also 
by the HIE community partner's written (electronic) attestation that 
the patient has, in fact, provided such consent. This proposed rule 
would be a reinterpretation of an existing, long-standing regulation 
and is necessary to facilitate modern requirements for the sharing of 
patient records with community health care providers, health plans, 
governmental agencies, and other entities participating in electronic 
HIEs. This revision would ensure that more community health care 
providers and other HIE community partners can deliver informed medical 
care to patients by having access to the patient's VA medical records 
at the point of care.

DATES: Comment Date: Comments must be received on or before March 20, 
2018.

ADDRESSES: Written comments may be submitted through 
www.Regulations.gov; by mail or hand-delivery to Director, Regulation 
Policy and Management (00REG), Department of Veterans Affairs, 810 
Vermont Avenue NW, Room 1063B, Washington, DC 20420; or by fax to (202) 
273-9026. Comments should indicate that they are submitted in response 
to ``RIN 2900-AP90 Consent for Release of VA Medical Records.'' Copies 
of comments received will be available for public inspection in the 
Office of Regulation Policy and Management, Room 1063B, between the 
hours of 8:00 a.m. and 4:30 p.m., Monday through Friday (except 
holidays). Please call (202) 461-4902 for an appointment. (This is not 
a toll-free number.) In addition, during the comment period, comments 
may be viewed online through the Federal Docket Management System 
(FDMS) at www.Regulations.gov.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Stephania Griffin, Director, Veterans 
Health Administration Information Access and Privacy Office, Department 
of Veterans Affairs, 810 Vermont Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20420; 
[email protected], (704) 245-2492 (This is not a toll-free 
number.)

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Under 38 U.S.C. 7332, VA must keep 
confidential all records of identity, diagnosis, prognosis, or 
treatment of a patient in connection with any program or activity 
carried out by VA related to drug abuse, alcoholism or alcohol abuse, 
infection with human immunodeficiency virus, or sickle cell anemia, and 
must obtain patients' written consent before VA may disclose the 
protected information unless authorized by the statute. This 
requirement applies to communications between VA and community health 
care providers for the purposes of treatment, except in certain 
situations, for instance in medical emergencies and when the records 
are sent to a non-Department entity that provides hospital care to 
patients as authorized by the Secretary. 38 U.S.C. 7332(b)(2)(A) and 
(H); Public Law 115-26 (April 19, 2017). Although section 7332 does not 
explicitly require that the written consent physically be in VA's 
possession at the time of the disclosure, VA had interpreted the 
statute to require such possession, and therefore applied 38 CFR 1.475 
consistent with that interpretation. VA has reexamined that statutory 
interpretation in light of contemporary

[[Page 2763]]

healthcare industry standards and proposes to revise Sec.  1.475 to 
reflect this updated reading of section 7332. This proposed rule would 
revise 38 CFR 1.475 to permit VA to release section 7332-protected 
medical records to eligible community partners, even if VA does not 
physically have the patient's written consent, provided that specified 
criteria are met.
    The ability to quickly release section 7332-protected information 
has become increasingly important as VA strives to support veterans' 
choice to seek care in the community and create innovative ways to 
provide effective and timely care to veterans. In this regard, VA has 
entered into an agreement to participate in an HIE to help facilitate 
the transfer of information between different organizations. An HIE is 
the electronic transfer of health information among organizations 
according to nationally recognized standards. The organizations that 
participate (HIE community partners) range from community health care 
providers and health plans to governmental agencies providing benefits, 
such as the Social Security Administration (SSA).
    The interpretation that valid consent may be established only by 
VA's physical possession of the written consent has left many HIE 
community partners unable to access veterans' VA medical records at the 
point of care. While an estimated three out of four veterans enrolled 
in VA's health care system also seek medical care in the community, HIE 
community partners' requests for their VA health records must 
frequently be denied because VA does not have a consent on file, and 
many HIE community partners therefore either must delay care to 
veterans or provide treatment to veterans without having the benefit of 
reviewing the veteran's full medical history.
    The reason for the low rate of consent is not because veterans 
object to providing consent; veteran participation is almost always 
favorable when asked to provide consent. The primary obstacle is that 
veterans will often seek care in the community prior to having the 
opportunity to provide the consent form to VA and are then left without 
any means of getting the consent into VA's physical possession promptly 
once they are at the community health care facility.
    By allowing HIE community partners to attest that they have, in 
fact, obtained a valid consent, VA would be able to collect consent in 
a broader array of circumstances. Most importantly, this would allow VA 
to release a veteran's medical records to an HIE community partner, 
such as a community health care provider or SSA, once the partner 
attests that they have collected valid consent, without VA having to 
wait for the document to be furnished. This would allow for HIE 
community partners to provide veterans with the most informed care, 
would allow VA to more expediently provide veterans' records for the 
adjudication of their SSA disability claims, and would also allow for 
VA to continue innovating and creating new ways for veterans to receive 
timely and high quality health care.
    VA believes that this new interpretation of section 7332--to permit 
disclosure to an HIE community partner pursuant to the partner's 
attestation regarding written consent, would uphold veterans' right to 
privacy. As explained in greater detail below, such disclosure would 
still require a legally sufficient written consent. We clarify that the 
only change would be that a valid consent authorizing disclosure may be 
established not only by VA's physical possession of the written consent 
form but also by the HIE community partner's attestation that the 
veteran has submitted legally sufficient consent. Moreover, in the 
private sector under the Health Insurance Portability and 
Accountability Act (HIPAA) Privacy Rule, health care providers are able 
to release a patient's confidential medical records to another one of 
the patient's treating providers without written consent. Therefore, 
VA's privacy protections would remain more robust than those of the 
private sector generally and greater than those required by the HIPAA 
Privacy Rule.
    This proposed rule would revise 38 CFR 1.460 to include definitions 
for ``health information exchange'' and ``health information exchange 
community partner'' as described above. Further, the rule would revise 
1.475 as follows. Current paragraph (d) would be redesignated as 
paragraph (e) and would be revised as explained below. New paragraph 
(d) would provide the criteria to establish written consent that would 
authorize the disclosure of confidential VA medical records. 
Specifically, it would establish that, in addition to physical 
possession of a patient's written consent, VA may release the patient's 
protected medical information to an HIE community partner pursuant to 
that partner's attestation that valid consent has been obtained. To 
clarify, this paragraph would not require VA to provide the records to 
HIE community partners just because the partner submitted an 
attestation; instead, VA would have the discretion to send the records.
    Proposed paragraph (d)(1) states that written consent may be 
established by VA's physical possession of the patient's written 
consent that meets the criteria in paragraph (a) of this section. This 
is how VA traditionally collected consent forms.
    Paragraph (d)(2) would provide an alternative for disclosure of 
section 7332-protected information. VA would also be able to disclose 
the protected information to an HIE community partner as long as two 
criteria are met. Initially, we note that this alternative for 
disclosure would be limited to VA's partners in the HIE because the 
partners have all signed an agreement to comply with certain standards 
of practice. Additionally, all partners would be required to have the 
technological capabilities to provide the requisite attestation.
    The first proposed criterion is that the HIE community partner must 
provide written attestation that the patient has submitted legally 
sufficient consent to them. This requirement is necessary because 38 
U.S.C. 7332 and 38 CFR 1.475 still require the veteran provide legally 
sufficient written consent to release section 7332-protected 
information. Therefore, in order for VA to release the records to the 
HIE community partner, VA must have an attestation or some 
documentation that the patient provided legally sufficient written 
consent.
    To clarify, ``written attestation'' would not require a physical 
document and a wet signature; electronic attestations satisfy this 
requirement and are the expected form of attestation from the HIE 
community partner. VA would not specifically require the attestation to 
be electronic in order to provide for flexibility if there are changes 
in technology and best practices. However, VA envisions the vast 
majority, if not all, of the attestations would be electronic through 
approved messaging with the HIE community partners. This proposed rule 
would allow for VA's community partners to electronically attest, 
through the computer software, that the veteran submitted legally 
sufficient written consent. At that time, VA would be able to release 
the veteran's medical records electronically to the HIE community 
partner.
    In addition to the written attestation, paragraph (d)(2) would 
require that VA have the ability to retrieve or obtain the written 
consent. There are two ways in which VA can obtain the records. First, 
proposed paragraph (d)(2)(i) provides that a .HIE community partner can 
make the consent form available to VA within 10 business days of its 
attestation. This can be accomplished either by storing

[[Page 2764]]

the written consent form electronically for access by VA or by sending 
the written consent form to VA.
    Second, paragraph (d)(2)(ii) would provide that the HIE community 
partner can maintain the patient's written consent form in accordance 
with a memorandum of understanding (MOU) that is drafted and signed by 
VA and the HIE community partner. The MOU would ensure that the 
patient's records are retained in accordance with VA record retention 
requirements set forth in VHA Records Control Schedule (RCS) 10-1. Even 
though VA would not require the written consent to be physically in 
VA's possession since it is a VA record, the HIE would have to retain 
the consent form according to VA's record retention requirements. 
Paragraph (d)(2)(ii) would also require that the MOU outline how VA can 
request the consent form from the HIE community partner and how the HIE 
community partner can make the consent form available to VA. In this 
regard, VA and the partner would determine a mutually agreeable 
timeframe to comply with a request by VA for a copy of the consent 
form.
    As explained above current paragraph (d) would be redesignated as 
new paragraph (e). This paragraph would be revised to update the name 
of VA Form 10-5345. Specifically, current paragraph (d) provides that 
it was not necessary to use any particular form to establish a consent 
referred to in paragraph (a) of this section, however, VA Form 10-5345, 
titled Request for and Consent to Release of Medical Records Protected 
by 38 U.S.C. 7332, may be used for such purpose. VA Form 10-5345 has 
been updated and renamed Request for and Authorization to Release 
Medical Records or Health Information. Accordingly, VA would revise the 
paragraph to reflect the new name of VA Form 10-5345.

Effect of Rulemaking

    The Code of Federal Regulations, as proposed to be revised by this 
proposed rulemaking, would represent the exclusive legal authority on 
this subject. No contrary rules or procedures would be authorized. All 
VA guidance would be read to conform with this proposed rulemaking if 
possible or, if not possible, such guidance would be superseded by this 
rulemaking.

Paperwork Reduction Act

    This proposed rule contains no provisions constituting a collection 
of information under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C. 
3501-3521).

Regulatory Flexibility Act

    The Secretary hereby certifies that this proposed rule would not 
have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small 
entities as they are defined in the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 
U.S.C. 601-612). The overall impact of the proposed rule on small 
entities would be minimal as the proposed rule would only require that 
entities attest that they received the veteran's consent and make the 
written consent available to VA. These administrative burdens are 
similar to current burdens related to medical privacy and will not have 
a significant economic impact on these entities. On this basis, the 
Secretary certifies that the adoption of this proposed rule would not 
have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small 
entities as they are defined in the Regulatory Flexibility Act, 5 
U.S.C. 601-612. Therefore, under 5 U.S.C. 605(b), this rulemaking is 
exempt from the initial and final regulatory flexibility analysis 
requirements of sections 603 and 604.

Executive Orders 12866, 13563 and 13771

    Executive Orders (E.O.s) 12866 and 13563 direct agencies to assess 
all costs and benefits of available regulatory alternatives and, if 
regulation is necessary, to select regulatory approaches that maximize 
net benefits (including potential economic, environmental, public 
health and safety effects, distributive impacts, and equity). E.O. 
13563 emphasizes the importance of quantifying both costs and benefits 
of reducing costs, of harmonizing rules, and of promoting flexibility. 
E.O. 12866, Regulatory Planning and Review, defines ``significant 
regulatory action'' to mean any regulatory action that is likely to 
result in a rule that may: ``(1) Have an annual effect on the economy 
of $100 million or more or adversely affect in a material way the 
economy, a sector of the economy, productivity, competition, jobs, the 
environment, public health or safety, or State, local, or tribal 
governments or communities; (2) Create a serious inconsistency or 
otherwise interfere with an action taken or planned by another agency; 
(3) Materially alter the budgetary impact of entitlements, grants, user 
fees, or loan programs or the rights and obligations of recipients 
thereof; or (4) Raise novel legal or policy issues arising out of legal 
mandates, the President's priorities, or the principles set forth in 
this Executive order.''
    VA has examined the economic, interagency, budgetary, legal, and 
policy implications of this regulatory action, and it has been 
determined not to be a significant regulatory action under E.O. 12866. 
This proposed rule is not expected to be an E.O. 13771 regulatory 
action because this proposed rule is not significant under E.O. 12866.

Unfunded Mandates

    The Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 requires, at 2 U.S.C. 
1532, that agencies prepare an assessment of anticipated costs and 
benefits before issuing any rule that may result in the expenditure by 
State, local, and tribal governments, in the aggregate, or by the 
private sector, of $100 million or more (adjusted annually for 
inflation) in any one year. This proposed rule would have no such 
effect on State, local, and tribal governments, or on the private 
sector.

Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance

    The Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance numbers and titles for 
the programs affected by this document are 64.008--Veterans Domiciliary 
Care; 64.011--Veterans Dental Care; 64.012--Veterans Prescription 
Service; 64.013--Veterans Prosthetic Appliances; 64.014--Veterans State 
Domiciliary Care; 64.015--Veterans State Nursing Home Care; 64.024--VA 
Homeless Providers Grant and Per Diem Program; 64.026--Veterans State 
Adult Day Health Care; 64.029--Purchase Care Program; 64.033--VA 
Supportive Services for Veteran Families Program; 64.039--CHAMPVA; 
64.040--VHA Inpatient Medicine; 64.041--VHA Outpatient Specialty Care; 
64.042--VHA Inpatient Surgery; 64.043--VHA Mental Health Residential; 
64.044--VHA Home Care; 64.045--VHA Outpatient Ancillary Services; 
64.046--VHA Inpatient Psychiatry; 64.047--VHA Primary Care; 64.048--VHA 
Mental Health clinics; 64.049--VHA Community Living Center; 64.050--VHA 
Diagnostic Care; 64.054--Research and Development.

Signing Authority

    The Secretary of Veterans Affairs, or designee, approved this 
document and authorized the undersigned to sign and submit the document 
to the Office of the Federal Register for publication electronically as 
an official document of the Department of Veterans Affairs. Gina S. 
Farrisee, Deputy Chief of Staff, Department of Veterans Affairs, 
approved this document on December 8, 2017, for publication.

List of Subjects in 38 CFR Part 1

    Administrative practice and procedure, Archives and records,

[[Page 2765]]

Cemeteries, Claims, Courts, Crime, Flags, Freedom of information, 
Government contracts, Government employees, Government property, 
Infants and children, Inventions and patents, Parking, Penalties, 
Privacy, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, Seals and insignia, 
Security measures, Wages.

    Dated: January 12, 2018.
Janet Coleman,
Chief, Office of Regulation Policy & Management, Office of the 
Secretary, Department of Veterans Affairs.
    For the reasons set out in the preamble, Department of Veterans 
Affairs proposes to amend 38 CFR part 1 as follows:

PART 1--GENERAL PROVISIONS

0
1. The authority citation for part 1 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 38 U.S.C. 501, and as noted in specific sections.

0
2. Amend Sec.  1.460 by adding, in alphabetical order, definitions for 
``health information exchange'' and ``health information exchange 
community partner.''


Sec.  1.460  Definitions.

* * * * *
    Health information exchange. The term ``health information 
exchange'' means the electronic transfer of health information among 
health care professionals, health plans, governmental agencies 
providing benefits, and other persons and entities according to 
nationally recognized standards that allow the participants to 
appropriately access and securely share patients' vital medical 
information to improve the quality, safety, and efficiency of health 
care delivery.
    Health information exchange community partner. The term ``health 
information exchange community partner'' means a health care provider, 
health plan, governmental agency providing benefits, or other person or 
entity with whom VA shares patients' vital medical information 
according to nationally recognized standards.
* * * * *
0
3. Amend Sec.  1.475 by redesignating paragraph (d) as paragraph (e), 
adding a new paragraph (d) and revising newly redesignated paragraph 
(e) to read as follows:


Sec.  1.475  Form of written consent.

* * * * *
    (d) Establishing written consent. A written consent authorizing the 
disclosure may be demonstrated by:
    (1) A written consent meeting the criteria set forth in paragraph 
(a) of this section that is presented to VA in physical form; or
    (2) A written attestation by a health information exchange 
community partner that the patient submitted legally sufficient consent 
meeting the criteria set forth in paragraph (a), provided that:
    (i) Within 10 business days of the health information exchange 
community partner's attestation, the partner either makes the written 
consent form available for electronic retrieval by VA or produces the 
written consent form to VA; or
    (ii) The health information exchange community partner complies 
with a memorandum of understanding signed by the partner and VA that 
outlines:
    (A) How the written consent will be retained in accordance with VHA 
Records Control Schedule (RCS) 10-1;
    (B) How VA can request the consent form from the partner; and
    (C) How the partner can send the consent form to VA.
    (e) Required Form. It is not necessary to use any particular form 
to establish a consent referred to in paragraph (a) of this section, 
however, VA Form 10-5345, titled Request for and Authorization to 
Release Medical Records or Health Information, complies with all 
applicable legal requirements and may be used for such purpose.

[FR Doc. 2018-00758 Filed 1-18-18; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8320-01-P



                                                 2762                     Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 13 / Friday, January 19, 2018 / Proposed Rules

                                                 necessary under the provisions of the                   § 1.351    [Removed and reserved]                      care to patients by having access to the
                                                 Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of                         ■ 4. Section 1.351 is removed and                      patient’s VA medical records at the
                                                 1995. See 2 U.S.C. 1501 et seq.                         reserved.                                              point of care.
                                                    N. National Environmental Policy                                                                            DATES: Comment Date: Comments must
                                                 Act: This rulemaking will not have any                  PART 42—TRIAL PRACTICE BEFORE                          be received on or before March 20, 2018.
                                                 effect on the quality of the environment                THE PATENT TRIAL AND APPEAL                            ADDRESSES: Written comments may be
                                                 and is thus categorically excluded from                 BOARD                                                  submitted through
                                                 review under the National                                                                                      www.Regulations.gov; by mail or hand-
                                                 Environmental Policy Act of 1969. See                   ■ 5. The authority citation for part 42
                                                                                                         continues to read as follows:                          delivery to Director, Regulation Policy
                                                 42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.                                                                                         and Management (00REG), Department
                                                    O. National Technology Transfer and                    Authority: 35 U.S.C. 2(b)(2), 6, 21, 23, 41,         of Veterans Affairs, 810 Vermont
                                                 Advancement Act: The requirements of                    135, 311, 312, 316, 321–326 and Public Law
                                                                                                                                                                Avenue NW, Room 1063B, Washington,
                                                 section 12(d) of the National                           112–29, 125 Stat. 284; and Pub. L. 112–274,
                                                                                                         126 Stat. 2456.                                        DC 20420; or by fax to (202) 273–9026.
                                                 Technology Transfer and Advancement                                                                            Comments should indicate that they are
                                                 Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272 note) are not                § 42.102    [Amended]                                  submitted in response to ‘‘RIN 2900–
                                                 applicable because this rulemaking does                                                                        AP90 Consent for Release of VA
                                                                                                         ■ 6. Amend § 42.102 by removing and
                                                 not contain provisions that involve the                                                                        Medical Records.’’ Copies of comments
                                                                                                         reserving paragraph (b).
                                                 use of technical standards.                                                                                    received will be available for public
                                                    P. Paperwork Reduction Act: The                      § 42.202    [Amended]                                  inspection in the Office of Regulation
                                                 Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (44                     ■ 7. Amend § 42.202 by removing and                    Policy and Management, Room 1063B,
                                                 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.) requires that the                  reserving paragraph (b).                               between the hours of 8:00 a.m. and 4:30
                                                 Office consider the impact of paperwork                                                                        p.m., Monday through Friday (except
                                                 and other information collection                          Dated: January 11, 2018.
                                                                                                                                                                holidays). Please call (202) 461–4902 for
                                                 burdens imposed on the public. This                     Joseph Matal,
                                                                                                                                                                an appointment. (This is not a toll-free
                                                 rulemaking does not involve an                          Associate Solicitor, performing the functions
                                                                                                                                                                number.) In addition, during the
                                                 information collection that is subject to               and duties of the Under Secretary of
                                                                                                         Commerce for Intellectual Property and                 comment period, comments may be
                                                 review by the Office of Management and                                                                         viewed online through the Federal
                                                                                                         Director of the United States Patent and
                                                 Budget (OMB) under the Paperwork                        Trademark Office.                                      Docket Management System (FDMS) at
                                                 Reduction Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C. 3501–                                                                         www.Regulations.gov.
                                                                                                         [FR Doc. 2018–00769 Filed 1–18–18; 8:45 am]
                                                 3549).                                                                                                         FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
                                                    Notwithstanding any other provision                  BILLING CODE 3510–16–P
                                                                                                                                                                Stephania Griffin, Director, Veterans
                                                 of law, no person is required to respond                                                                       Health Administration Information
                                                 to nor shall a person be subject to a                                                                          Access and Privacy Office, Department
                                                 penalty for failure to comply with a                    DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS
                                                                                                                                                                of Veterans Affairs, 810 Vermont
                                                 collection of information subject to the                AFFAIRS
                                                                                                                                                                Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20420;
                                                 requirements of the Paperwork                                                                                  Stephania.griffin@va.gov, (704) 245–
                                                 Reduction Act unless that collection of                 38 CFR Part 1
                                                                                                                                                                2492 (This is not a toll-free number.)
                                                 information displays a currently valid                  RIN 2900–AP90                                          SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Under 38
                                                 OMB control number.
                                                                                                                                                                U.S.C. 7332, VA must keep confidential
                                                                                                         Consent for Release of VA Medical
                                                 List of Subjects                                                                                               all records of identity, diagnosis,
                                                                                                         Records
                                                                                                                                                                prognosis, or treatment of a patient in
                                                 37 CFR Part 1
                                                                                                         AGENCY:     Department of Veterans Affairs.            connection with any program or activity
                                                   Administrative practice and                                                                                  carried out by VA related to drug abuse,
                                                                                                         ACTION:    Proposed rule.
                                                 procedure, Courts, Freedom of                                                                                  alcoholism or alcohol abuse, infection
                                                 Information, Inventions and patents,                    SUMMARY:    The Department of Veterans                 with human immunodeficiency virus, or
                                                 Reporting and recordkeeping                             Affairs (VA) proposes to amend its                     sickle cell anemia, and must obtain
                                                 requirements, Small businesses.                         regulations to clarify that a valid                    patients’ written consent before VA may
                                                 37 CFR Part 42                                          consent authorizing the Department to                  disclose the protected information
                                                                                                         release the patient’s confidential VA                  unless authorized by the statute. This
                                                   Administrative practice and                           medical records to a health information                requirement applies to communications
                                                 procedure, Inventions and patents.                      exchange (HIE) community partner may                   between VA and community health care
                                                   For the reasons stated in the                         be established not only by VA’s physical               providers for the purposes of treatment,
                                                 preamble, the Office proposes to amend                  possession of the written consent form,                except in certain situations, for instance
                                                 parts 1 and 42 of title 37 as follows:                  but also by the HIE community partner’s                in medical emergencies and when the
                                                                                                         written (electronic) attestation that the              records are sent to a non-Department
                                                 PART 1—RULES OF PRACTICE IN
                                                                                                         patient has, in fact, provided such                    entity that provides hospital care to
                                                 PATENT CASES
                                                                                                         consent. This proposed rule would be a                 patients as authorized by the Secretary.
                                                 ■ 1. The authority citation for part 1                  reinterpretation of an existing, long-                 38 U.S.C. 7332(b)(2)(A) and (H); Public
                                                 continues to read as follows:                           standing regulation and is necessary to                Law 115–26 (April 19, 2017). Although
                                                                                                         facilitate modern requirements for the                 section 7332 does not explicitly require
daltland on DSKBBV9HB2PROD with PROPOSALS




                                                     Authority: 35 U.S.C. 2(b)(2).
                                                                                                         sharing of patient records with                        that the written consent physically be in
                                                 § 1.79    [Removed and reserved]                        community health care providers,                       VA’s possession at the time of the
                                                 ■ 2. Section 1.79 is removed and                        health plans, governmental agencies,                   disclosure, VA had interpreted the
                                                 reserved.                                               and other entities participating in                    statute to require such possession, and
                                                                                                         electronic HIEs. This revision would                   therefore applied 38 CFR 1.475
                                                 § 1.127    [Removed and reserved]                       ensure that more community health care                 consistent with that interpretation. VA
                                                 ■ 3. Section 1.127 is removed and                       providers and other HIE community                      has reexamined that statutory
                                                 reserved.                                               partners can deliver informed medical                  interpretation in light of contemporary


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                                                                          Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 13 / Friday, January 19, 2018 / Proposed Rules                                             2763

                                                 healthcare industry standards and                       care provider or SSA, once the partner                    Proposed paragraph (d)(1) states that
                                                 proposes to revise § 1.475 to reflect this              attests that they have collected valid                 written consent may be established by
                                                 updated reading of section 7332. This                   consent, without VA having to wait for                 VA’s physical possession of the
                                                 proposed rule would revise 38 CFR                       the document to be furnished. This                     patient’s written consent that meets the
                                                 1.475 to permit VA to release section                   would allow for HIE community                          criteria in paragraph (a) of this section.
                                                 7332-protected medical records to                       partners to provide veterans with the                  This is how VA traditionally collected
                                                 eligible community partners, even if VA                 most informed care, would allow VA to                  consent forms.
                                                 does not physically have the patient’s                  more expediently provide veterans’                        Paragraph (d)(2) would provide an
                                                 written consent, provided that specified                records for the adjudication of their SSA              alternative for disclosure of section
                                                 criteria are met.                                       disability claims, and would also allow                7332-protected information. VA would
                                                    The ability to quickly release section               for VA to continue innovating and                      also be able to disclose the protected
                                                 7332-protected information has become                   creating new ways for veterans to                      information to an HIE community
                                                 increasingly important as VA strives to                 receive timely and high quality health                 partner as long as two criteria are met.
                                                 support veterans’ choice to seek care in                care.                                                  Initially, we note that this alternative for
                                                 the community and create innovative                        VA believes that this new                           disclosure would be limited to VA’s
                                                 ways to provide effective and timely                    interpretation of section 7332—to                      partners in the HIE because the partners
                                                 care to veterans. In this regard, VA has                permit disclosure to an HIE community                  have all signed an agreement to comply
                                                 entered into an agreement to participate                partner pursuant to the partner’s                      with certain standards of practice.
                                                 in an HIE to help facilitate the transfer               attestation regarding written consent,                 Additionally, all partners would be
                                                 of information between different                        would uphold veterans’ right to privacy.               required to have the technological
                                                 organizations. An HIE is the electronic                 As explained in greater detail below,                  capabilities to provide the requisite
                                                 transfer of health information among                    such disclosure would still require a                  attestation.
                                                 organizations according to nationally                                                                             The first proposed criterion is that the
                                                                                                         legally sufficient written consent. We
                                                 recognized standards. The organizations                                                                        HIE community partner must provide
                                                                                                         clarify that the only change would be
                                                 that participate (HIE community                                                                                written attestation that the patient has
                                                                                                         that a valid consent authorizing
                                                 partners) range from community health                                                                          submitted legally sufficient consent to
                                                                                                         disclosure may be established not only
                                                 care providers and health plans to                                                                             them. This requirement is necessary
                                                                                                         by VA’s physical possession of the
                                                 governmental agencies providing                                                                                because 38 U.S.C. 7332 and 38 CFR
                                                                                                         written consent form but also by the HIE
                                                 benefits, such as the Social Security                                                                          1.475 still require the veteran provide
                                                                                                         community partner’s attestation that the
                                                 Administration (SSA).                                                                                          legally sufficient written consent to
                                                                                                         veteran has submitted legally sufficient
                                                    The interpretation that valid consent                                                                       release section 7332-protected
                                                                                                         consent. Moreover, in the private sector               information. Therefore, in order for VA
                                                 may be established only by VA’s
                                                 physical possession of the written                      under the Health Insurance Portability                 to release the records to the HIE
                                                 consent has left many HIE community                     and Accountability Act (HIPAA) Privacy                 community partner, VA must have an
                                                 partners unable to access veterans’ VA                  Rule, health care providers are able to                attestation or some documentation that
                                                 medical records at the point of care.                   release a patient’s confidential medical               the patient provided legally sufficient
                                                 While an estimated three out of four                    records to another one of the patient’s                written consent.
                                                 veterans enrolled in VA’s health care                   treating providers without written                        To clarify, ‘‘written attestation’’
                                                 system also seek medical care in the                    consent. Therefore, VA’s privacy                       would not require a physical document
                                                 community, HIE community partners’                      protections would remain more robust                   and a wet signature; electronic
                                                 requests for their VA health records                    than those of the private sector generally             attestations satisfy this requirement and
                                                 must frequently be denied because VA                    and greater than those required by the                 are the expected form of attestation from
                                                 does not have a consent on file, and                    HIPAA Privacy Rule.                                    the HIE community partner. VA would
                                                 many HIE community partners therefore                      This proposed rule would revise 38                  not specifically require the attestation to
                                                 either must delay care to veterans or                   CFR 1.460 to include definitions for                   be electronic in order to provide for
                                                 provide treatment to veterans without                   ‘‘health information exchange’’ and                    flexibility if there are changes in
                                                 having the benefit of reviewing the                     ‘‘health information exchange                          technology and best practices. However,
                                                 veteran’s full medical history.                         community partner’’ as described above.                VA envisions the vast majority, if not
                                                    The reason for the low rate of consent               Further, the rule would revise 1.475 as                all, of the attestations would be
                                                 is not because veterans object to                       follows. Current paragraph (d) would be                electronic through approved messaging
                                                 providing consent; veteran participation                redesignated as paragraph (e) and would                with the HIE community partners. This
                                                 is almost always favorable when asked                   be revised as explained below. New                     proposed rule would allow for VA’s
                                                 to provide consent. The primary                         paragraph (d) would provide the criteria               community partners to electronically
                                                 obstacle is that veterans will often seek               to establish written consent that would                attest, through the computer software,
                                                 care in the community prior to having                   authorize the disclosure of confidential               that the veteran submitted legally
                                                 the opportunity to provide the consent                  VA medical records. Specifically, it                   sufficient written consent. At that time,
                                                 form to VA and are then left without                    would establish that, in addition to                   VA would be able to release the
                                                 any means of getting the consent into                   physical possession of a patient’s                     veteran’s medical records electronically
                                                 VA’s physical possession promptly once                  written consent, VA may release the                    to the HIE community partner.
                                                 they are at the community health care                   patient’s protected medical information                   In addition to the written attestation,
                                                 facility.                                               to an HIE community partner pursuant                   paragraph (d)(2) would require that VA
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                                                    By allowing HIE community partners                   to that partner’s attestation that valid               have the ability to retrieve or obtain the
                                                 to attest that they have, in fact, obtained             consent has been obtained. To clarify,                 written consent. There are two ways in
                                                 a valid consent, VA would be able to                    this paragraph would not require VA to                 which VA can obtain the records. First,
                                                 collect consent in a broader array of                   provide the records to HIE community                   proposed paragraph (d)(2)(i) provides
                                                 circumstances. Most importantly, this                   partners just because the partner                      that a .HIE community partner can make
                                                 would allow VA to release a veteran’s                   submitted an attestation; instead, VA                  the consent form available to VA within
                                                 medical records to an HIE community                     would have the discretion to send the                  10 business days of its attestation. This
                                                 partner, such as a community health                     records.                                               can be accomplished either by storing


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                                                 2764                     Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 13 / Friday, January 19, 2018 / Proposed Rules

                                                 the written consent form electronically                 Regulatory Flexibility Act                             implications of this regulatory action,
                                                 for access by VA or by sending the                        The Secretary hereby certifies that                  and it has been determined not to be a
                                                 written consent form to VA.                             this proposed rule would not have a                    significant regulatory action under E.O.
                                                   Second, paragraph (d)(2)(ii) would                    significant economic impact on a                       12866. This proposed rule is not
                                                 provide that the HIE community partner                  substantial number of small entities as                expected to be an E.O. 13771 regulatory
                                                 can maintain the patient’s written                      they are defined in the Regulatory                     action because this proposed rule is not
                                                 consent form in accordance with a                       Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601–612). The                significant under E.O. 12866.
                                                 memorandum of understanding (MOU)                       overall impact of the proposed rule on                 Unfunded Mandates
                                                 that is drafted and signed by VA and the                small entities would be minimal as the
                                                 HIE community partner. The MOU                                                                                    The Unfunded Mandates Reform Act
                                                                                                         proposed rule would only require that                  of 1995 requires, at 2 U.S.C. 1532, that
                                                 would ensure that the patient’s records                 entities attest that they received the
                                                 are retained in accordance with VA                                                                             agencies prepare an assessment of
                                                                                                         veteran’s consent and make the written                 anticipated costs and benefits before
                                                 record retention requirements set forth                 consent available to VA. These
                                                 in VHA Records Control Schedule (RCS)                                                                          issuing any rule that may result in the
                                                                                                         administrative burdens are similar to                  expenditure by State, local, and tribal
                                                 10–1. Even though VA would not                          current burdens related to medical
                                                 require the written consent to be                                                                              governments, in the aggregate, or by the
                                                                                                         privacy and will not have a significant                private sector, of $100 million or more
                                                 physically in VA’s possession since it is               economic impact on these entities. On
                                                 a VA record, the HIE would have to                                                                             (adjusted annually for inflation) in any
                                                                                                         this basis, the Secretary certifies that the           one year. This proposed rule would
                                                 retain the consent form according to                    adoption of this proposed rule would
                                                 VA’s record retention requirements.                                                                            have no such effect on State, local, and
                                                                                                         not have a significant economic impact                 tribal governments, or on the private
                                                 Paragraph (d)(2)(ii) would also require                 on a substantial number of small entities
                                                 that the MOU outline how VA can                                                                                sector.
                                                                                                         as they are defined in the Regulatory
                                                 request the consent form from the HIE                   Flexibility Act, 5 U.S.C. 601–612.                     Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance
                                                 community partner and how the HIE                       Therefore, under 5 U.S.C. 605(b), this                   The Catalog of Federal Domestic
                                                 community partner can make the                          rulemaking is exempt from the initial                  Assistance numbers and titles for the
                                                 consent form available to VA. In this                   and final regulatory flexibility analysis              programs affected by this document are
                                                 regard, VA and the partner would                        requirements of sections 603 and 604.                  64.008—Veterans Domiciliary Care;
                                                 determine a mutually agreeable
                                                                                                         Executive Orders 12866, 13563 and                      64.011—Veterans Dental Care; 64.012—
                                                 timeframe to comply with a request by
                                                                                                         13771                                                  Veterans Prescription Service; 64.013—
                                                 VA for a copy of the consent form.
                                                                                                                                                                Veterans Prosthetic Appliances;
                                                   As explained above current paragraph                     Executive Orders (E.O.s) 12866 and                  64.014—Veterans State Domiciliary
                                                 (d) would be redesignated as new                        13563 direct agencies to assess all costs              Care; 64.015—Veterans State Nursing
                                                 paragraph (e). This paragraph would be                  and benefits of available regulatory                   Home Care; 64.024—VA Homeless
                                                 revised to update the name of VA Form                   alternatives and, if regulation is                     Providers Grant and Per Diem Program;
                                                 10–5345. Specifically, current paragraph                necessary, to select regulatory                        64.026—Veterans State Adult Day
                                                 (d) provides that it was not necessary to               approaches that maximize net benefits                  Health Care; 64.029—Purchase Care
                                                 use any particular form to establish a                  (including potential economic,                         Program; 64.033—VA Supportive
                                                 consent referred to in paragraph (a) of                 environmental, public health and safety                Services for Veteran Families Program;
                                                 this section, however, VA Form 10–                      effects, distributive impacts, and                     64.039—CHAMPVA; 64.040—VHA
                                                 5345, titled Request for and Consent to                 equity). E.O. 13563 emphasizes the                     Inpatient Medicine; 64.041—VHA
                                                 Release of Medical Records Protected by                 importance of quantifying both costs                   Outpatient Specialty Care; 64.042—
                                                 38 U.S.C. 7332, may be used for such                    and benefits of reducing costs, of                     VHA Inpatient Surgery; 64.043—VHA
                                                 purpose. VA Form 10–5345 has been                       harmonizing rules, and of promoting                    Mental Health Residential; 64.044—
                                                 updated and renamed Request for and                     flexibility. E.O. 12866, Regulatory                    VHA Home Care; 64.045—VHA
                                                 Authorization to Release Medical                        Planning and Review, defines                           Outpatient Ancillary Services; 64.046—
                                                 Records or Health Information.                          ‘‘significant regulatory action’’ to mean              VHA Inpatient Psychiatry; 64.047—
                                                 Accordingly, VA would revise the                        any regulatory action that is likely to                VHA Primary Care; 64.048—VHA
                                                 paragraph to reflect the new name of VA                 result in a rule that may: ‘‘(1) Have an               Mental Health clinics; 64.049—VHA
                                                 Form 10–5345.                                           annual effect on the economy of $100                   Community Living Center; 64.050—
                                                                                                         million or more or adversely affect in a               VHA Diagnostic Care; 64.054—Research
                                                 Effect of Rulemaking
                                                                                                         material way the economy, a sector of                  and Development.
                                                   The Code of Federal Regulations, as                   the economy, productivity, competition,
                                                 proposed to be revised by this proposed                 jobs, the environment, public health or                Signing Authority
                                                 rulemaking, would represent the                         safety, or State, local, or tribal                       The Secretary of Veterans Affairs, or
                                                 exclusive legal authority on this subject.              governments or communities; (2) Create                 designee, approved this document and
                                                 No contrary rules or procedures would                   a serious inconsistency or otherwise                   authorized the undersigned to sign and
                                                 be authorized. All VA guidance would                    interfere with an action taken or                      submit the document to the Office of the
                                                 be read to conform with this proposed                   planned by another agency; (3)                         Federal Register for publication
                                                 rulemaking if possible or, if not                       Materially alter the budgetary impact of               electronically as an official document of
                                                 possible, such guidance would be                        entitlements, grants, user fees, or loan               the Department of Veterans Affairs. Gina
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                                                 superseded by this rulemaking.                          programs or the rights and obligations of              S. Farrisee, Deputy Chief of Staff,
                                                                                                         recipients thereof; or (4) Raise novel                 Department of Veterans Affairs,
                                                 Paperwork Reduction Act
                                                                                                         legal or policy issues arising out of legal            approved this document on December 8,
                                                   This proposed rule contains no                        mandates, the President’s priorities, or               2017, for publication.
                                                 provisions constituting a collection of                 the principles set forth in this Executive
                                                 information under the Paperwork                         order.’’                                               List of Subjects in 38 CFR Part 1
                                                 Reduction Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C. 3501–                     VA has examined the economic,                         Administrative practice and
                                                 3521).                                                  interagency, budgetary, legal, and policy              procedure, Archives and records,


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                                                                          Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 13 / Friday, January 19, 2018 / Proposed Rules                                          2765

                                                 Cemeteries, Claims, Courts, Crime,                      section that is presented to VA in                     Additional requests for extension of the
                                                 Flags, Freedom of information,                          physical form; or                                      comment period have been received.
                                                 Government contracts, Government                          (2) A written attestation by a health                The Agency extends the January 19,
                                                 employees, Government property,                         information exchange community                         2018, deadline for the submission of
                                                 Infants and children, Inventions and                    partner that the patient submitted                     public comments to February 20, 2018.
                                                 patents, Parking, Penalties, Privacy,                   legally sufficient consent meeting the                 DATES: FMCSA extends the comment
                                                 Reporting and recordkeeping                             criteria set forth in paragraph (a),                   period for the notice of proposed
                                                 requirements, Seals and insignia,                       provided that:                                         regulatory guidance published on
                                                 Security measures, Wages.                                 (i) Within 10 business days of the                   December 20, 2017 at 82 FR 60360. You
                                                   Dated: January 12, 2018.                              health information exchange                            must submit comments on or before
                                                 Janet Coleman,                                          community partner’s attestation, the                   February 20, 2018.
                                                 Chief, Office of Regulation Policy &                    partner either makes the written consent               ADDRESSES: You may insert comments
                                                 Management, Office of the Secretary,                    form available for electronic retrieval by             identified by Federal Docket
                                                 Department of Veterans Affairs.                         VA or produces the written consent                     Management System Number FMCSA–
                                                   For the reasons set out in the                        form to VA; or                                         2017–0360 by any of the following
                                                 preamble, Department of Veterans                          (ii) The health information exchange                 methods:
                                                 Affairs proposes to amend 38 CFR part                   community partner complies with a                         • Federal eRulemaking Portal: http://
                                                 1 as follows:                                           memorandum of understanding signed                     www.regulations.gov. Follow the online
                                                                                                         by the partner and VA that outlines:                   instructions for submitting comments.
                                                 PART 1—GENERAL PROVISIONS                                 (A) How the written consent will be                     • Mail: Docket Management Facility,
                                                                                                         retained in accordance with VHA                        U.S. Department of Transportation, 1200
                                                 ■ 1. The authority citation for part 1                  Records Control Schedule (RCS) 10–1;
                                                 continues to read as follows:                                                                                  New Jersey Avenue SE, West Building,
                                                                                                           (B) How VA can request the consent                   Ground Floor, Room W12–140,
                                                   Authority: 38 U.S.C. 501, and as noted in             form from the partner; and
                                                 specific sections.                                                                                             Washington, DC 20590–0001.
                                                                                                           (C) How the partner can send the                        • Hand Delivery or Courier: West
                                                 ■  2. Amend § 1.460 by adding, in                       consent form to VA.                                    Building, Ground Floor, Room W12–
                                                 alphabetical order, definitions for                       (e) Required Form. It is not necessary               140, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE,
                                                 ‘‘health information exchange’’ and                     to use any particular form to establish                Washington, DC, between 9 a.m. and 5
                                                 ‘‘health information exchange                           a consent referred to in paragraph (a) of              p.m., Monday through Friday, except
                                                 community partner.’’                                    this section, however, VA Form 10–                     Federal holidays.
                                                                                                         5345, titled Request for and                              • Fax: (202) 493–2251.
                                                 § 1.460   Definitions.                                  Authorization to Release Medical
                                                 *     *     *    *     *                                                                                          To avoid duplication, please use only
                                                                                                         Records or Health Information, complies                one of these four methods. See the
                                                    Health information exchange. The                     with all applicable legal requirements
                                                 term ‘‘health information exchange’’                                                                           ‘‘Public Participation and Request for
                                                                                                         and may be used for such purpose.                      Comments’’ portion of the
                                                 means the electronic transfer of health
                                                                                                         [FR Doc. 2018–00758 Filed 1–18–18; 8:45 am]            SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION section for
                                                 information among health care
                                                 professionals, health plans,                            BILLING CODE 8320–01–P                                 instructions on submitting comments.
                                                 governmental agencies providing                                                                                FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Mr.
                                                 benefits, and other persons and entities                                                                       Thomas Yager, Chief, Driver and Carrier
                                                 according to nationally recognized                      DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION                           Operations Division, Federal Motor
                                                 standards that allow the participants to                                                                       Carrier Safety Administration, U.S.
                                                 appropriately access and securely share                 Federal Motor Carrier Safety                           Department of Transportation, 1200
                                                 patients’ vital medical information to                  Administration                                         New Jersey Avenue SE, Washington, DC
                                                 improve the quality, safety, and                                                                               20590, phone (614) 942–6477, email
                                                 efficiency of health care delivery.                     49 CFR Part 395                                        MCPSD@dot.gov.
                                                    Health information exchange                          [Docket No. FMCSA–2017–0360]                           SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
                                                 community partner. The term ‘‘health
                                                 information exchange community                          Hours of Service of Drivers of                         I. Public Participation and Request for
                                                 partner’’ means a health care provider,                 Commercial Motor Vehicles; Proposed                    Comments
                                                 health plan, governmental agency                        Regulatory Guidance Concerning the                     A. Submitting Comments
                                                 providing benefits, or other person or                  Transportation of Agricultural
                                                 entity with whom VA shares patients’                                                                             If you submit a comment, please
                                                                                                         Commodities; Extension of Comment
                                                 vital medical information according to                                                                         include the docket number listed above,
                                                                                                         Period
                                                 nationally recognized standards.                                                                               indicate the specific section of this
                                                                                                         AGENCY:  Federal Motor Carrier Safety                  document to which your comment
                                                 *     *     *    *     *
                                                 ■ 3. Amend § 1.475 by redesignating                     Administration (FMCSA), DOT                            applies, and provide a reason for each
                                                 paragraph (d) as paragraph (e), adding a                ACTION: Proposed regulatory guidance;                  suggestion or recommendation. You
                                                 new paragraph (d) and revising newly                    extension of comment period.                           may submit your comments and
                                                 redesignated paragraph (e) to read as                                                                          material online or by fax, mail, or hand
                                                 follows:                                                SUMMARY:   FMCSA extends the public                    delivery. FMCSA recommends that you
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                                                                                                         comment period for the Agency’s                        include your name and a mailing
                                                 § 1.475   Form of written consent.                      December 20, 2017, notice announcing                   address, an email address, or a phone
                                                 *     *      *     *     *                              the proposed regulatory guidance                       number in the body of your document
                                                   (d) Establishing written consent. A                   concerning the transportation of                       so that FMCSA can contact you if there
                                                 written consent authorizing the                         agricultural commodities. On December                  are questions regarding your
                                                 disclosure may be demonstrated by:                      22, 2017, the American Trucking                        submission.
                                                   (1) A written consent meeting the                     Associations, Inc. (ATA) requested a 30-                 To submit your comment online, go to
                                                 criteria set forth in paragraph (a) of this             day extension of the comment period.                   http://www.regulations.gov, put the


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Document Created: 2018-01-19 02:42:44
Document Modified: 2018-01-19 02:42:44
CategoryRegulatory Information
CollectionFederal Register
sudoc ClassAE 2.7:
GS 4.107:
AE 2.106:
PublisherOffice of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Administration
SectionProposed Rules
ActionProposed rule.
DatesComment Date: Comments must be received on or before March 20, 2018.
ContactStephania Griffin, Director, Veterans Health Administration Information Access and Privacy Office, Department of Veterans Affairs, 810 Vermont Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20420; [email protected], (704) 245-2492 (This is not a toll-free number.)
FR Citation83 FR 2762 
RIN Number2900-AP90
CFR AssociatedAdministrative Practice and Procedure; Archives and Records; Cemeteries; Claims; Courts; Crime; Flags; Freedom of Information; Government Contracts; Government Employees; Government Property; Infants and Children; Inventions and Patents; Parking; Penalties; Privacy; Reporting and Recordkeeping Requirements; Seals and Insignia; Security Measures and Wages

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