83_FR_44133 83 FR 43965 - Rules of Practice and Procedure; Civil Money Penalty Inflation Adjustment

83 FR 43965 - Rules of Practice and Procedure; Civil Money Penalty Inflation Adjustment

FEDERAL HOUSING FINANCE AGENCY

Federal Register Volume 83, Issue 168 (August 29, 2018)

Page Range43965-43968
FR Document2018-18517

The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) is issuing this final rule amending its Rules of Practice and Procedure and other agency regulations to adjust each civil money penalty within its jurisdiction to account for inflation, pursuant to the Federal Civil Penalties Inflation Adjustment Act of 1990, as amended by the Federal Civil Penalties Inflation Adjustment Act Improvements Act of 2015.

Federal Register, Volume 83 Issue 168 (Wednesday, August 29, 2018)
[Federal Register Volume 83, Number 168 (Wednesday, August 29, 2018)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 43965-43968]
From the Federal Register Online  [www.thefederalregister.org]
[FR Doc No: 2018-18517]


=======================================================================
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FEDERAL HOUSING FINANCE AGENCY

12 CFR Parts 1209, 1217, and 1250

RIN 2590-AA93


Rules of Practice and Procedure; Civil Money Penalty Inflation 
Adjustment

AGENCY: Federal Housing Finance Agency.

ACTION: Final rule.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

SUMMARY: The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) is issuing this 
final rule amending its Rules of Practice and Procedure and other 
agency regulations to adjust each civil money penalty within its 
jurisdiction to account for inflation, pursuant to the Federal Civil 
Penalties Inflation Adjustment Act of 1990, as amended by the Federal 
Civil Penalties Inflation Adjustment Act Improvements Act of 2015.

DATES: Effective date: September 28, 2018.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Stephen E. Hart, Deputy General 
Counsel, at (202) 649-3053, [email protected], or Frank R. Wright, 
Assistant General Counsel, at (202) 649-3087, [email protected] 
(not toll-free numbers); Federal Housing Finance Agency, 400 7th Street 
SW, Washington, DC 20219. The telephone number for the 
Telecommunications Device for the Hearing Impaired is: (800) 877-8339 
(TDD only).

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

I. Background

    FHFA is an independent agency of the Federal government, and the 
financial safety and soundness regulator of the Federal National 
Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae) and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage 
Corporation (Freddie

[[Page 43966]]

Mac) (collectively, the Enterprises), as well as the Federal Home Loan 
Banks (collectively, the Banks) and the Office of Finance under 
authority granted by the Federal Housing Enterprises Financial Safety 
and Soundness Act of 1992 (Safety and Soundness Act).\1\ FHFA oversees 
the Enterprises and Banks (collectively, the regulated entities) and 
the Office of Finance to ensure that they operate in a safe and sound 
manner and maintain liquidity in the housing finance market in 
accordance with applicable laws, rules and regulations. To that end, 
FHFA is vested with broad supervisory discretion and specific civil 
administrative enforcement powers, similar to such authority granted by 
Congress to the Federal bank regulatory agencies.\2\ Section 1376 of 
the Safety and Soundness Act (12 U.S.C. 4636) empowers FHFA to impose 
civil money penalties under specific conditions. FHFA's Rules of 
Practice and Procedure regulation (12 CFR part 1209) govern cease and 
desist proceedings, civil money penalty assessment proceedings, and 
other administrative adjudications.\3\ FHFA's Flood Insurance 
regulation (12 CFR part 1250) governs flood insurance responsibilities 
as they pertain to the Enterprises.\4\ FHFA's Implementation of the 
Program Fraud Civil Remedies Act of 1986 regulation (12 CFR part 1217) 
sets forth procedures for imposing civil penalties and assessments 
under the Program Fraud Civil Remedies Act (31 U.S.C. 3801 et seq.) on 
any person that makes a false claim for property, services or money 
from FHFA, or makes a false material statement to FHFA in connection 
with a claim, where the amount involved does not exceed $150,000.\5\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \1\ See Safety and Soundness Act, 12 U.S.C. 4513 and 4631-4641.
    \2\ Id.
    \3\ See 12 CFR part 1209.
    \4\ See 12 CFR part 1250.
    \5\ See generally, 31 U.S.C. 3801 et seq.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

II. The Adjustment Improvements Act

    The Federal Civil Penalties Inflation Adjustment Act of 1990 
(``Inflation Adjustment Act''), as amended by the Federal Civil 
Penalties Inflation Adjustment Act Improvements Act of 2015 
(``Adjustment Improvements Act''), requires FHFA, as well as other 
Federal agencies with the authority to issue civil money penalties 
(CMPs), to adjust by regulation the maximum amount of each CMP 
authorized by law that the agency has jurisdiction to administer.\6\ 
The Adjustment Improvements Act required agencies to make an initial 
``catch-up'' adjustment of their CMPs upon the statute's enactment, and 
further requires agencies to make additional adjustments on an annual 
basis following the initial adjustment.\7\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \6\ See 28 U.S.C. 2461 note.
    \7\ FHFA promulgated its catch-up adjustment of its CMPs with an 
interim final rule published July 1, 2016. 81 FR 43028.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Annual inflation adjustments under the Adjustment Improvements Act 
are based on the percent change between the October Consumer Price 
Index for All Urban Consumers (the CPI-U) preceding the date of the 
adjustment and the October CPI-U for the year before that.

III. Description of the Rule

    This final rule adjusts the maximum penalty amount within each of 
the three tiers specified in 12 U.S.C. 4636 by amending the table 
contained in 12 CFR 1209.80 to reflect the new adjusted maximum penalty 
amount that FHFA may impose upon a regulated entity or any entity-
affiliated party within each tier. The increases in maximum penalty 
amounts contained in this final rule may not necessarily affect the 
amount of any CMP that FHFA may seek for a particular violation, which 
may not be the maximum that the law allows; FHFA would calculate each 
CMP on a case-by-case basis in light of a variety of factors.\8\ This 
rule also adjusts the maximum penalty amounts for violations under the 
FHFA Flood Insurance regulation by amending the text of 12 CFR 1250.3 
to reflect the new adjusted maximum penalty amount that FHFA may impose 
for violations under that regulation. This rule also adjusts the 
maximum amounts for civil money penalties under the Program Fraud Civil 
Remedies Act by amending the text of 12 CFR 1217.3 to reflect the new 
adjusted maximum penalty amount that FHFA may impose for violations 
under that regulation.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \8\ See, e.g., 12 CFR 1209.7(c); FHFA Enforcement Policy, AB 
2013-03 (May 31, 2013).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The Adjustment Improvements Act directs federal agencies to 
calculate each annual CMP adjustment as the percent change between the 
CPI-U for the previous October and the CPI-U for October of the 
calendar year before.\9\ The maximum CMP amounts for FHFA penalties 
under 12 U.S.C. 4636 were last adjusted in 2016.\10\ Since FHFA is 
making this round of adjustments in calendar year 2018, and the maximum 
CMP amounts were last set in calendar year 2016, the inflation 
adjustment amount for each maximum CMP amount was calculated by 
comparing the CPI-U for October 2015 with the CPI-U for October 2016, 
resulting in an inflation factor of 1.01636, and then comparing the 
CPI-U for October 2016 with the CPI-U for October 2017, resulting in an 
inflation factor of 1.02041. For each maximum CMP calculation, the 
product of this inflation adjustment and the previous maximum penalty 
amount was then rounded to the nearest whole dollar as required by the 
Adjustment Improvements Act, to determine the new adjusted maximum 
penalty amount.\11\ The table below sets out these items accordingly.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \9\ This final rule will incorporate the annual inflation 
adjustments for 2017 and 2018 by performing the calculation for 
2017, and applying the 2018 adjustment to that amount.
    \10\ See 81 FR 43028, 43030 (July 1, 2016).
    \11\ 28 U.S.C. 2461 note.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                     Previous         Rounded      New adjusted
          U.S. Code citation                   Description            maximum        inflation        maximum
                                                                  penalty amount     increase     penalty amount
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
12 U.S.C. 4636(b)(1)..................  First Tier..............         $10,982            $408         $11,390
12 U.S.C. 4636(b)(2)..................  Second Tier.............          54,910           2,037          56,947
12 U.S.C. 4636(b)(4)..................  Third Tier (Entity-            2,196,380          81,495       2,277,875
                                         affiliated party and
                                         Regulated entity).
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Similarly, the CMP for FHFA penalties under the Program Fraud Civil 
Remedies Act were last adjusted in 2016.\12\ Since FHFA is making this 
round of adjustments in calendar year 2018, and the maximum CMP amounts 
were last set in calendar year 2016, the inflation adjustment amount 
for each maximum CMP amount was calculated as above by comparing the 
CPI-U for October 2015 with the CPI-U for October 2016, resulting in an 
inflation

[[Page 43967]]

factor of 1.01636, and then comparing the CPI-U for October 2016 with 
the CPI-U for October 2017, resulting in an inflation factor of 
1.02041. The table below sets out these items accordingly.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \12\ See 81 FR 43031, 43035 (July 1, 2016).

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                     Previous         Rounded      New adjusted
          U.S. Code citation                   Description            maximum        inflation        maximum
                                                                  penalty amount     increase     penalty amount
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
31 U.S.C. 3802(a)(1)..................  Maximum penalty per              $10,781            $400         $11,181
                                         false claim.
31 U.S.C 3802(a)(2)...................  Maximum penalty per               10,781             400          11,181
                                         false statement.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Similarly, the CMP for FHFA penalties under the Flood Insurance 
regulation were last adjusted in 2016.\13\ Since FHFA is making this 
round of adjustments in calendar year 2018, and the maximum CMP amounts 
were last set in calendar year 2016, the inflation adjustment amount 
for each maximum CMP amount was calculated as above by comparing the 
CPI-U for October 2015 with the CPI-U for October 2016, resulting in an 
inflation factor of 1.01636, and then comparing the CPI-U for October 
2016 with the CPI-U for October 2017, resulting in an inflation factor 
of 1.02041. The table below sets out these items accordingly.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \13\ See 81 FR 43028, 43031 (July 1, 2016).

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                     Previous         Rounded      New adjusted
          U.S. Code citation                   Description            maximum        inflation        maximum
                                                                  penalty amount     increase     penalty amount
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
42 U.S.C. 4012a(f)(5).................  Maximum penalty per                 $534             $20            $554
                                         violation.
42 U.S.C. 4012a(f)(5).................  Maximum total penalties          154,028           5,715         159,743
                                         assessed against an
                                         Enterprise in a
                                         calendar year.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

IV. Differences Between the Federal Home Loan Banks and the Enterprises

    When promulgating any regulation that may have future effect 
relating to the Banks, the Director is required by section 1313(f) of 
the Safety and Soundness Act to consider the differences between the 
Banks and the Enterprises with respect to the Banks' cooperative 
ownership structure; mission of providing liquidity to members; 
affordable housing and community development mission; capital 
structure; and joint and several liability (12 U.S.C. 4513(f)).\14\ The 
Director considered the differences between the Banks and the 
Enterprises, as they relate to the above factors, and determined that 
this final rule is appropriate, as the maximum civil money penalty 
amounts are set by statute, as is the manner in which FHFA is required 
to adjust those amounts, so there is no possibility to vary those 
provisions in this rule based on consideration of the factors recited 
in section 1313(f). The inflation adjustments effected by the final 
rule are mandated by law, Any imposition of civil money penalties would 
only take place after an enforcement action in which FHFA would have an 
opportunity to consider all relevant factors. The special features of 
the Banks identified in section 1313(f) of the Safety and Soundness Act 
can be accommodated, if appropriate, along with any other relevant 
factors, when determining any actual penalties.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \14\ So in original; no paragraphs (d) and (e) were enacted. See 
12 U.S.C.A. 4513 n 1.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

V. Regulatory Impact

Administrative Procedure Act

    FHFA finds good cause that notice and an opportunity to comment on 
this final rule are unnecessary under section 553(b)(B) of the 
Administrative Procedure Act (APA), 5 U.S.C. 553(b)(B). The Adjustment 
Improvements Act states that the annual civil money penalty adjustments 
shall be made notwithstanding the rulemaking provisions of 5 U.S.C. 
553. Furthermore, this rulemaking conforms with and is consistent with 
the statutory directive set forth in the Adjustment Improvements Act. 
As a result, there are no issues of policy discretion about which to 
seek public comment. Accordingly, FHFA is issuing these amendments as a 
final rule.

Regulatory Flexibility Act

    Pursuant to the Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA),\15\ an agency 
must prepare a regulatory flexibility analysis for all proposed and 
final rules that describes the impact of the rule on small entities, 
unless the head of an agency certifies that the rule will not have ``a 
significant economic impact on a substantial number of small 
entities.'' However, the RFA applies only to rules for which an agency 
publishes a general notice of proposed rulemaking pursuant to the 
APA.\16\ As discussed above, FHFA has determined for good cause that 
the APA does not require a general notice of proposed rulemaking for 
this rule. Thus, the RFA does not apply to this final rule.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \15\ 5 U.S.C. 603.
    \16\ 5 U.S.C. 603(a), 604(a).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Paperwork Reduction Act

    The Paperwork Reduction Act (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.) requires that 
regulations involving the collection of information receive clearance 
from the Office of Management and Budget (OMB). This rule contains no 
such collection of information requiring OMB approval under the 
Paperwork Reduction Act. Consequently, no information has been 
submitted to OMB for review.

Congressional Review Act

    FHFA has determined that this regulatory action does not qualify as 
either a ``rule'' or a ``major rule'' under the Congressional Review 
Act. See 5 U.S.C. 804(2), (3).

List of Subjects

12 CFR Part 1209

    Administrative practice and procedure, Penalties.

12 CFR Part 1217

    Civil remedies, Program fraud.

[[Page 43968]]

12 CFR Part 1250

    Flood insurance, Government-sponsored enterprises, Penalties, 
Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.

    Accordingly, for the reasons stated in the SUPPLEMENTARY 
INFORMATION and under the authority of 12 U.S.C. 4513b and 12 U.S.C. 
4526, the Federal Housing Finance Agency hereby amends subchapters A 
and C of chapter XII of Title 12 of the Code of Federal Regulations as 
follows:

SUBCHAPTER A--ORGANIZATION AND OPERATIONS

PART 1209--RULES OF PRACTICE AND PROCEDURE

0
1. The authority citation for part 1209 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 5 U.S.C. 554, 556, 557, and 701 et seq.; 12 U.S.C. 
1430c(d); 12 U.S.C. 4501, 4502, 4503, 4511, 4513, 4513b, 4517, 4526, 
4566(c)(1) and (c)(7), 4581-4588, 4631-4641; and 28 U.S.C. 2461 
note.


0
2. Revise Sec.  1209.80 to read as follows:


Sec.  1209.80   Inflation adjustments.

    The maximum amount of each civil money penalty within FHFA's 
jurisdiction, as set by the Safety and Soundness Act and thereafter 
adjusted in accordance with the Inflation Adjustment Act, is as 
follows:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                           New adjusted
       U.S. Code citation              Description            maximum
                                                          penalty amount
------------------------------------------------------------------------
12 U.S.C. 4636(b)(1)...........  First Tier.............         $11,390
12 U.S.C. 4636(b)(2)...........  Second Tier............          56,947
12 U.S.C. 4636(b)(4)...........  Third Tier (Regulated         2,277,875
                                  Entity or Entity-
                                  Affiliated party).
------------------------------------------------------------------------


0
3. Revise Sec.  1209.81 to read as follows:


Sec.  1209.81   Applicability.

    The inflation adjustments set out in Sec.  1209.80 shall apply to 
civil money penalties assessed in accordance with the provisions of the 
Safety and Soundness Act, 12 U.S.C. 4636, and subparts B and C of this 
part, for violations occurring after September 28, 2018.

PART 1217--PROGRAM FRAUD CIVIL REMEDIES ACT

0
4. The authority citation for part 1217 continues to read as follows:

    Authority:  12 U.S.C. 4501; 12 U.S.C. 4526; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note; 
31 U.S.C. 3801-3812.


0
5. Amend Sec.  1217.3 by revising paragraphs (a)(1) introductory text 
and (b)(1) introductory text to read as follows:


Sec.  1217.3   Basis for civil penalties and assessments.

    (a) * * * (1) A civil penalty of not more than $11,181 may be 
imposed upon a person who makes a claim to FHFA for property, services, 
or money where the person knows or has reason to know that the claim:
* * * * *
    (b) * * * (1) A civil penalty of up to $11,181 may be imposed upon 
a person who makes a written statement to FHFA with respect to a claim, 
contract, bid or proposal for a contract, or benefit from FHFA that:
* * * * *

SUBCHAPTER C--ENTERPRISES

PART 1250--FLOOD INSURANCE

0
6. The authority citation for part 1250 continues to read as follows:

    Authority:  12 U.S.C. 4521(a)(4) and 4526; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note; 
42 U.S.C. 4001 note; 42 U.S.C. 4012a(f)(3), (4), (5), (8), (9), and 
(10).


0
7. Amend Sec.  1250.3 by revising paragraph (c) to read as follows:


Sec.  1250.3   Civil money penalties.

* * * * *
    (c) Amount. The maximum civil money penalty amount is $534 for each 
violation that occurs before September 28, 2018, with total penalties 
not to exceed $154,028. For violations that occur on or after September 
28, 2018, the civil money penalty under this section may not exceed 
$554 for each violation, with total penalties assessed under this 
section against an Enterprise during any calendar year not to exceed 
$159,743.
* * * * *

    Dated: August 15, 2018.
Melvin L. Watt,
Director, Federal Housing Finance Agency.
[FR Doc. 2018-18517 Filed 8-28-18; 8:45 am]
 BILLING CODE 8070-01-P



                                                               Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 168 / Wednesday, August 29, 2018 / Rules and Regulations                                             43965

                                              1464 1817(a), 1818, 1820, 1821, 1831m,                  PART 211—INTERNATIONAL                                  (i) Has total assets of less than $3
                                              1831p–1, 1831o, 1833e, 1867, 1951 et seq.,              BANKING OPERATIONS                                    billion;
                                              2601 et seq., 2801 et seq., 2901 et seq., 3101          (REGULATION K)
                                              et seq., 3401 et seq., 5321, 5412, 5414; 15
                                                                                                                                                            *     *     *     *     *
                                              U.S.C. 77uu(b), 78q(c)(3); 18 U.S.C. 641,                                                                       Dated: August 20, 2018.
                                              1905, 1906; 29 U.S.C. 1204; 31 U.S.C.
                                                                                                      ■ 6. The authority citation for part 211
                                                                                                      continues to read as follows:                         Joseph M. Otting,
                                              5318(g)(2), 9701; 42 U.S.C. 3601; 44 U.S.C.                                                                   Comptroller of the Currency.
                                              3506, 3510; E.O. 12600 (3 CFR, 1987 Comp.,                Authority: 12 U.S.C. 221 et seq., 1818,
                                              p. 235).                                                1835a, 1841 et seq., 3101 et seq., 3901 et seq.,        Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve
                                                                                                      and 5101 et seq.; 15 U.S.C. 1681s, 1681w,             System, August 22, 2018.
                                              ■ 2. Section 4.6 is amended by revising                 6801 and 6805.                                        Ann E. Misback,
                                              paragraph (b)(1) to read as follows:                                                                          Secretary to the Board.
                                                                                                      ■ 7. Amend § 211.26 by revising
                                              § 4.6 Frequency of examination of national              paragraph (c)(2)(i)(A) to read as follows:              Dated at Washington, DC, on August 22,
                                              banks and Federal savings associations.                                                                       2018.
                                                                                                      § 211.26 Examinations of offices and                  Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation.
                                              *     *     *    *     *                                affiliates of foreign banks.
                                                                                                                                                            Robert E. Feldman,
                                                (b) * * *                                             *     *     *    *     *
                                                                                                                                                            Executive Secretary.
                                                (1) The bank or Federal savings                         (c) * * *
                                                                                                                                                            [FR Doc. 2018–18685 Filed 8–28–18; 8:45 am]
                                              association has total assets of less than                 (2) * * *
                                                                                                                                                            BILLING CODE 4810–33–P
                                              $3 billion;                                               (i) * * *
                                              *     *     *    *     *                                  (A) Has total assets of less than $3
                                                                                                      billion;
                                              ■ 3. Section 4.7 is amended by revising                                                                       FEDERAL HOUSING FINANCE
                                                                                                      *     *     *    *     *                              AGENCY
                                              paragraph (b)(1)(i) to read as follows:
                                                                                                      Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
                                              § 4.7 Frequency of examination of Federal                                                                     12 CFR Parts 1209, 1217, and 1250
                                              agencies and branches.                                  12 CFR Chapter III
                                                                                                                                                            RIN 2590–AA93
                                              *     *     *     *     *                                 For the reasons set forth in the joint
                                                (b) * * *                                             preamble, the Board of Directors of the               Rules of Practice and Procedure; Civil
                                                                                                      FDIC amends parts 337 and 347 of                      Money Penalty Inflation Adjustment
                                                (1) * * *                                             chapter III of title 12 of the Code of
                                                (i) Has total assets of less than $3                  Federal Regulations as follows:                       AGENCY:  Federal Housing Finance
                                              billion;                                                                                                      Agency.
                                              *     *     *     *     *                               PART 337—UNSAFE AND UNSOUND                           ACTION: Final rule.
                                                                                                      BANK PRACTICES
                                              Federal Reserve System                                                                                        SUMMARY:   The Federal Housing Finance
                                                                                                      ■ 8. The authority citation for part 337              Agency (FHFA) is issuing this final rule
                                              12 CFR Chapter II
                                                                                                      continues to read as follows:                         amending its Rules of Practice and
                                                For the reasons set forth in the joint                                                                      Procedure and other agency regulations
                                                                                                        Authority: 12 U.S.C. 375a(4), 375b,
                                              preamble, the Board amends parts 208                    1463(a)(1), 1816, 1818(a), 1818(b), 1819,             to adjust each civil money penalty
                                              and 211 of chapter II of title 12 of the                1820(d), 1828(j)(2), 1831, 1831f, 5412.               within its jurisdiction to account for
                                              Code of Federal Regulations as follows:                                                                       inflation, pursuant to the Federal Civil
                                                                                                      ■ 9. Amend § 337.12 by revising                       Penalties Inflation Adjustment Act of
                                              PART 208—MEMBERSHIP OF STATE                            paragraph (b)(1) to read as follows:                  1990, as amended by the Federal Civil
                                              BANKING INSTITUTIONS IN THE                             § 337.12    Frequency of examination.                 Penalties Inflation Adjustment Act
                                              FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM                                                                                        Improvements Act of 2015.
                                              (REGULATION H)                                          *     *    *      *    *
                                                                                                                                                            DATES: Effective date: September 28,
                                                                                                        (b) * * *
                                                                                                                                                            2018.
                                              ■ 4. The authority citation for part 208                  (1) The institution has total assets of
                                                                                                      less than $3 billion;                                 FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
                                              continues to read as follows:
                                                                                                      *     *    *      *    *                              Stephen E. Hart, Deputy General
                                                Authority: 12 U.S.C. 24, 36, 92a, 93a,                                                                      Counsel, at (202) 649–3053,
                                              248(a), 248(c), 321–338a, 371d, 461, 481–486,           PART 347—INTERNATIONAL                                Stephen.Hart@fhfa.gov, or Frank R.
                                              601, 611, 1814, 1816, 1818, 1820(d)(9),
                                                                                                      BANKING                                               Wright, Assistant General Counsel, at
                                              1833(j), 1828(o), 1831, 1831o, 1831p–1,
                                              1831r–1, 1831w, 1831x, 1835a, 1882, 2901–                                                                     (202) 649–3087, Frank.Wright@fhfa.gov
                                              2907, 3105, 3310, 3331–3351, 3353, and                  ■ 10. The authority citation for part 347             (not toll-free numbers); Federal Housing
                                              3906–3909; 15 U.S.C. 78b, 781(b), 78l(i), 780–          continues to read as follows:                         Finance Agency, 400 7th Street SW,
                                              4(c)(5), 78q, 78q–1, 78w, 1681s, 1681w, 6801              Authority: 12 U.S.C. 1813, 1815, 1817,              Washington, DC 20219. The telephone
                                              and 6805, 31 U.S.C. 5318; 42 U.S.C. 4012a,              1819, 1820, 1828, 3103, 3104, 3105, 3108,             number for the Telecommunications
                                              4104b, 4106, and 4128.                                  3109; Pub. L. 111–203, section 939A, 124              Device for the Hearing Impaired is: (800)
                                                                                                      Stat. 1376, 1887 (July 21, 2010) (codified 15         877–8339 (TDD only).
                                              ■ 5. Amend § 208.64 by revising                         U.S.C. 78o–7 note).
                                              paragraph (b)(1) to read as follows:                                                                          SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
                                                                                                      ■ 11. Amend § 347.211 by revising
sradovich on DSK3GMQ082PROD with RULES




                                              § 208.64   Frequency of examination.
                                                                                                                                                            I. Background
                                                                                                      paragraph (b)(1)(i) to read as follows:
                                              *     *    *     *    *                                                                                         FHFA is an independent agency of the
                                                                                                      § 347.211 Examination of branches of                  Federal government, and the financial
                                                (b) * * *                                             foreign banks.                                        safety and soundness regulator of the
                                                (1) The bank has total assets of less                 *       *    *       *       *                        Federal National Mortgage Association
                                              than $3 billion;                                            (b) * * *                                         (Fannie Mae) and the Federal Home
                                              *     *    *     *    *                                     (1) * * *                                         Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie


                                         VerDate Sep<11>2014   16:05 Aug 28, 2018   Jkt 244001   PO 00000   Frm 00005   Fmt 4700   Sfmt 4700   E:\FR\FM\29AUR1.SGM   29AUR1


                                              43966             Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 168 / Wednesday, August 29, 2018 / Rules and Regulations

                                              Mac) (collectively, the Enterprises), as                       II. The Adjustment Improvements Act                                   case-by-case basis in light of a variety of
                                              well as the Federal Home Loan Banks                               The Federal Civil Penalties Inflation                              factors.8 This rule also adjusts the
                                              (collectively, the Banks) and the Office                       Adjustment Act of 1990 (‘‘Inflation                                   maximum penalty amounts for
                                              of Finance under authority granted by                          Adjustment Act’’), as amended by the                                  violations under the FHFA Flood
                                              the Federal Housing Enterprises                                Federal Civil Penalties Inflation                                     Insurance regulation by amending the
                                              Financial Safety and Soundness Act of                          Adjustment Act Improvements Act of                                    text of 12 CFR 1250.3 to reflect the new
                                              1992 (Safety and Soundness Act).1                              2015 (‘‘Adjustment Improvements                                       adjusted maximum penalty amount that
                                              FHFA oversees the Enterprises and                              Act’’), requires FHFA, as well as other                               FHFA may impose for violations under
                                              Banks (collectively, the regulated                             Federal agencies with the authority to                                that regulation. This rule also adjusts
                                              entities) and the Office of Finance to                         issue civil money penalties (CMPs), to                                the maximum amounts for civil money
                                              ensure that they operate in a safe and                         adjust by regulation the maximum                                      penalties under the Program Fraud Civil
                                              sound manner and maintain liquidity in                         amount of each CMP authorized by law                                  Remedies Act by amending the text of
                                              the housing finance market in                                  that the agency has jurisdiction to                                   12 CFR 1217.3 to reflect the new
                                              accordance with applicable laws, rules                         administer.6 The Adjustment                                           adjusted maximum penalty amount that
                                              and regulations. To that end, FHFA is                          Improvements Act required agencies to                                 FHFA may impose for violations under
                                              vested with broad supervisory                                  make an initial ‘‘catch-up’’ adjustment                               that regulation.
                                              discretion and specific civil                                  of their CMPs upon the statute’s                                         The Adjustment Improvements Act
                                                                                                             enactment, and further requires agencies                              directs federal agencies to calculate each
                                              administrative enforcement powers,
                                                                                                             to make additional adjustments on an                                  annual CMP adjustment as the percent
                                              similar to such authority granted by
                                                                                                             annual basis following the initial                                    change between the CPI–U for the
                                              Congress to the Federal bank regulatory
                                                                                                             adjustment.7                                                          previous October and the CPI–U for
                                              agencies.2 Section 1376 of the Safety
                                                                                                                Annual inflation adjustments under                                 October of the calendar year before.9
                                              and Soundness Act (12 U.S.C. 4636)
                                                                                                             the Adjustment Improvements Act are                                   The maximum CMP amounts for FHFA
                                              empowers FHFA to impose civil money                                                                                                  penalties under 12 U.S.C. 4636 were last
                                              penalties under specific conditions.                           based on the percent change between
                                                                                                             the October Consumer Price Index for                                  adjusted in 2016.10 Since FHFA is
                                              FHFA’s Rules of Practice and Procedure                                                                                               making this round of adjustments in
                                              regulation (12 CFR part 1209) govern                           All Urban Consumers (the CPI–U)
                                                                                                             preceding the date of the adjustment                                  calendar year 2018, and the maximum
                                              cease and desist proceedings, civil                                                                                                  CMP amounts were last set in calendar
                                                                                                             and the October CPI–U for the year
                                              money penalty assessment proceedings,                                                                                                year 2016, the inflation adjustment
                                                                                                             before that.
                                              and other administrative adjudications.3                                                                                             amount for each maximum CMP amount
                                              FHFA’s Flood Insurance regulation (12                          III. Description of the Rule                                          was calculated by comparing the CPI–U
                                              CFR part 1250) governs flood insurance                            This final rule adjusts the maximum                                for October 2015 with the CPI–U for
                                              responsibilities as they pertain to the                        penalty amount within each of the three                               October 2016, resulting in an inflation
                                              Enterprises.4 FHFA’s Implementation of                         tiers specified in 12 U.S.C. 4636 by                                  factor of 1.01636, and then comparing
                                              the Program Fraud Civil Remedies Act                           amending the table contained in 12 CFR                                the CPI–U for October 2016 with the
                                              of 1986 regulation (12 CFR part 1217)                          1209.80 to reflect the new adjusted                                   CPI–U for October 2017, resulting in an
                                              sets forth procedures for imposing civil                       maximum penalty amount that FHFA                                      inflation factor of 1.02041. For each
                                              penalties and assessments under the                            may impose upon a regulated entity or                                 maximum CMP calculation, the product
                                              Program Fraud Civil Remedies Act (31                           any entity-affiliated party within each                               of this inflation adjustment and the
                                              U.S.C. 3801 et seq.) on any person that                        tier. The increases in maximum penalty                                previous maximum penalty amount was
                                              makes a false claim for property,                              amounts contained in this final rule                                  then rounded to the nearest whole
                                              services or money from FHFA, or makes                          may not necessarily affect the amount of                              dollar as required by the Adjustment
                                              a false material statement to FHFA in                          any CMP that FHFA may seek for a                                      Improvements Act, to determine the
                                              connection with a claim, where the                             particular violation, which may not be                                new adjusted maximum penalty
                                              amount involved does not exceed                                the maximum that the law allows;                                      amount.11 The table below sets out these
                                              $150,000.5                                                     FHFA would calculate each CMP on a                                    items accordingly.

                                                                                                                                                                                   Previous                           New adjusted
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Rounded
                                                                                                                                                                                   maximum                             maximum
                                                               U.S. Code citation                                                    Description                                                       inflation
                                                                                                                                                                                    penalty                             penalty
                                                                                                                                                                                                      increase
                                                                                                                                                                                    amount                              amount

                                              12 U.S.C. 4636(b)(1) ......................................   First Tier .........................................................       $10,982              $408             $11,390
                                              12 U.S.C. 4636(b)(2) ......................................   Second Tier ....................................................            54,910              2,037             56,947
                                              12 U.S.C. 4636(b)(4) ......................................   Third Tier (Entity-affiliated party and Regu-                            2,196,380             81,495          2,277,875
                                                                                                               lated entity).



                                                Similarly, the CMP for FHFA                                  round of adjustments in calendar year                                 maximum CMP amount was calculated
                                              penalties under the Program Fraud Civil                        2018, and the maximum CMP amounts                                     as above by comparing the CPI–U for
                                              Remedies Act were last adjusted in                             were last set in calendar year 2016, the                              October 2015 with the CPI–U for
                                              2016.12 Since FHFA is making this                              inflation adjustment amount for each                                  October 2016, resulting in an inflation
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                                                1 See Safety and Soundness Act, 12 U.S.C. 4513                  6 See 28 U.S.C. 2461 note.                                           9 This final rule will incorporate the annual

                                              and 4631–4641.                                                    7 FHFA   promulgated its catch-up adjustment of                    inflation adjustments for 2017 and 2018 by
                                                2 Id.                                                        its CMPs with an interim final rule published July                    performing the calculation for 2017, and applying
                                                3 See 12 CFR part 1209.                                      1, 2016. 81 FR 43028.                                                 the 2018 adjustment to that amount.
                                                                                                                                                                                     10 See 81 FR 43028, 43030 (July 1, 2016).
                                                4 See 12 CFR part 1250.                                         8 See, e.g., 12 CFR 1209.7(c); FHFA Enforcement
                                                                                                                                                                                     11 28 U.S.C. 2461 note.
                                                5 See generally, 31 U.S.C. 3801 et seq.                      Policy, AB 2013–03 (May 31, 2013).
                                                                                                                                                                                     12 See 81 FR 43031, 43035 (July 1, 2016).




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                                                                Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 168 / Wednesday, August 29, 2018 / Rules and Regulations                                                         43967

                                              factor of 1.01636, and then comparing                          inflation factor of 1.02041. The table
                                              the CPI–U for October 2016 with the                            below sets out these items accordingly.
                                              CPI–U for October 2017, resulting in an

                                                                                                                                                                   Previous                                 New adjusted
                                                                                                                                                                                         Rounded
                                                                                                                                                                   maximum                                   maximum
                                                               U.S. Code citation                                              Description                                                inflation
                                                                                                                                                                    penalty                                   penalty
                                                                                                                                                                                         increase
                                                                                                                                                                    amount                                    amount

                                              31 U.S.C. 3802(a)(1) ......................................   Maximum penalty per false claim ..................         $10,781                       $400        $11,181
                                              31 U.S.C 3802(a)(2) .......................................   Maximum penalty per false statement ...........             10,781                        400         11,181



                                                Similarly, the CMP for FHFA                                  set in calendar year 2016, the inflation              1.01636, and then comparing the CPI–U
                                              penalties under the Flood Insurance                            adjustment amount for each maximum                    for October 2016 with the CPI–U for
                                              regulation were last adjusted in 2016.13                       CMP amount was calculated as above by                 October 2017, resulting in an inflation
                                              Since FHFA is making this round of                             comparing the CPI–U for October 2015                  factor of 1.02041. The table below sets
                                              adjustments in calendar year 2018, and                         with the CPI–U for October 2016,                      out these items accordingly.
                                              the maximum CMP amounts were last                              resulting in an inflation factor of

                                                                                                                                                                   Previous                                 New adjusted
                                                                                                                                                                                         Rounded
                                                                                                                                                                   maximum                                   maximum
                                                               U.S. Code citation                                              Description                                                inflation
                                                                                                                                                                    penalty                                   penalty
                                                                                                                                                                                         increase
                                                                                                                                                                    amount                                    amount

                                              42 U.S.C. 4012a(f)(5) .....................................   Maximum penalty per violation ......................          $534                     $20              $554
                                              42 U.S.C. 4012a(f)(5) .....................................   Maximum total penalties assessed against                   154,028                   5,715           159,743
                                                                                                             an Enterprise in a calendar year.



                                              IV. Differences Between the Federal                            with any other relevant factors, when                 APA.16 As discussed above, FHFA has
                                              Home Loan Banks and the Enterprises                            determining any actual penalties.                     determined for good cause that the APA
                                                 When promulgating any regulation                            V. Regulatory Impact                                  does not require a general notice of
                                              that may have future effect relating to                                                                              proposed rulemaking for this rule. Thus,
                                              the Banks, the Director is required by                         Administrative Procedure Act                          the RFA does not apply to this final
                                              section 1313(f) of the Safety and                                 FHFA finds good cause that notice                  rule.
                                              Soundness Act to consider the                                  and an opportunity to comment on this
                                                                                                                                                                   Paperwork Reduction Act
                                              differences between the Banks and the                          final rule are unnecessary under section
                                              Enterprises with respect to the Banks’                         553(b)(B) of the Administrative                         The Paperwork Reduction Act (44
                                              cooperative ownership structure;                               Procedure Act (APA), 5 U.S.C.                         U.S.C. 3501 et seq.) requires that
                                              mission of providing liquidity to                              553(b)(B). The Adjustment                             regulations involving the collection of
                                              members; affordable housing and                                Improvements Act states that the annual               information receive clearance from the
                                              community development mission;                                 civil money penalty adjustments shall
                                                                                                                                                                   Office of Management and Budget
                                              capital structure; and joint and several                       be made notwithstanding the
                                                                                                                                                                   (OMB). This rule contains no such
                                              liability (12 U.S.C. 4513(f)).14 The                           rulemaking provisions of 5 U.S.C. 553.
                                              Director considered the differences                                                                                  collection of information requiring OMB
                                                                                                             Furthermore, this rulemaking conforms
                                              between the Banks and the Enterprises,                         with and is consistent with the statutory             approval under the Paperwork
                                              as they relate to the above factors, and                       directive set forth in the Adjustment                 Reduction Act. Consequently, no
                                              determined that this final rule is                             Improvements Act. As a result, there are              information has been submitted to OMB
                                              appropriate, as the maximum civil                              no issues of policy discretion about                  for review.
                                              money penalty amounts are set by                               which to seek public comment.                         Congressional Review Act
                                              statute, as is the manner in which FHFA                        Accordingly, FHFA is issuing these
                                              is required to adjust those amounts, so                        amendments as a final rule.                              FHFA has determined that this
                                              there is no possibility to vary those                                                                                regulatory action does not qualify as
                                              provisions in this rule based on                               Regulatory Flexibility Act
                                                                                                                                                                   either a ‘‘rule’’ or a ‘‘major rule’’ under
                                              consideration of the factors recited in                          Pursuant to the Regulatory Flexibility              the Congressional Review Act. See 5
                                              section 1313(f). The inflation                                 Act (RFA),15 an agency must prepare a                 U.S.C. 804(2), (3).
                                              adjustments effected by the final rule                         regulatory flexibility analysis for all
                                              are mandated by law, Any imposition of                         proposed and final rules that describes               List of Subjects
                                              civil money penalties would only take                          the impact of the rule on small entities,
                                                                                                                                                                   12 CFR Part 1209
                                              place after an enforcement action in                           unless the head of an agency certifies
                                              which FHFA would have an                                       that the rule will not have ‘‘a significant             Administrative practice and
                                              opportunity to consider all relevant                           economic impact on a substantial                      procedure, Penalties.
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                                              factors. The special features of the                           number of small entities.’’ However, the
                                              Banks identified in section 1313(f) of                         RFA applies only to rules for which an                12 CFR Part 1217
                                              the Safety and Soundness Act can be                            agency publishes a general notice of
                                              accommodated, if appropriate, along                            proposed rulemaking pursuant to the                     Civil remedies, Program fraud.

                                                13 See   81 FR 43028, 43031 (July 1, 2016).                    14 So in original; no paragraphs (d) and (e) were     15 5   U.S.C. 603.
                                                                                                             enacted. See 12 U.S.C.A. 4513 n 1.                      16 5   U.S.C. 603(a), 604(a).



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                                              43968              Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 168 / Wednesday, August 29, 2018 / Rules and Regulations

                                              12 CFR Part 1250                                                   Title 12 of the Code of Federal                                          4502, 4503, 4511, 4513, 4513b, 4517, 4526,
                                                                                                                 Regulations as follows:                                                  4566(c)(1) and (c)(7), 4581–4588, 4631–4641;
                                                Flood insurance, Government-                                                                                                              and 28 U.S.C. 2461 note.
                                              sponsored enterprises, Penalties,                                  SUBCHAPTER A—ORGANIZATION AND
                                              Reporting and recordkeeping                                        OPERATIONS                                                               ■   2. Revise § 1209.80 to read as follows:
                                              requirements.                                                                                                                               § 1209.80         Inflation adjustments.
                                                                                                                 PART 1209—RULES OF PRACTICE
                                                Accordingly, for the reasons stated in                           AND PROCEDURE                                                              The maximum amount of each civil
                                              the SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION and                                                                                                           money penalty within FHFA’s
                                              under the authority of 12 U.S.C. 4513b                             ■ 1. The authority citation for part 1209                                jurisdiction, as set by the Safety and
                                              and 12 U.S.C. 4526, the Federal Housing                            continues to read as follows:                                            Soundness Act and thereafter adjusted
                                              Finance Agency hereby amends                                          Authority: 5 U.S.C. 554, 556, 557, and 701                            in accordance with the Inflation
                                              subchapters A and C of chapter XII of                              et seq.; 12 U.S.C. 1430c(d); 12 U.S.C. 4501,                             Adjustment Act, is as follows:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           New adjusted
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            maximum
                                                                            U.S. Code citation                                                                                 Description                                                   penalty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             amount

                                              12 U.S.C. 4636(b)(1) ..................................................................   First Tier .....................................................................................        $11,390
                                              12 U.S.C. 4636(b)(2) ..................................................................   Second Tier ................................................................................             56,947
                                              12 U.S.C. 4636(b)(4) ..................................................................   Third Tier (Regulated Entity or Entity-Affiliated party) ...............                              2,277,875



                                              ■   3. Revise § 1209.81 to read as follows:                          Authority: 12 U.S.C. 4521(a)(4) and 4526;                              SUMMARY:    This action amends Class D
                                                                                                                 28 U.S.C. 2461 note; 42 U.S.C. 4001 note; 42                             airspace and Class E airspace extending
                                              § 1209.81       Applicability.                                     U.S.C. 4012a(f)(3), (4), (5), (8), (9), and (10).                        upward from 700 feet above the surface
                                                The inflation adjustments set out in                             ■ 7. Amend § 1250.3 by revising                                          at Choctaw Naval Outlying Field
                                              § 1209.80 shall apply to civil money                               paragraph (c) to read as follows:                                        (NOLF), Milton, FL, by changing the
                                              penalties assessed in accordance with                                                                                                       city associated with the airport name in
                                              the provisions of the Safety and                                   § 1250.3       Civil money penalties.                                    the above airspace classes and adjusting
                                              Soundness Act, 12 U.S.C. 4636, and                                 *     *     *    *     *                                                 the geographic coordinates of the airport
                                              subparts B and C of this part, for                                   (c) Amount. The maximum civil                                          and the Santa Rosa TACAN navigation
                                              violations occurring after September 28,                           money penalty amount is $534 for each                                    aid to match the FAA’s aeronautical
                                              2018.                                                              violation that occurs before September                                   database. Additionally, Class E surface
                                                                                                                 28, 2018, with total penalties not to                                    airspace is established at Choctaw
                                              PART 1217—PROGRAM FRAUD CIVIL                                      exceed $154,028. For violations that                                     NOLF for the safety of aircraft landing
                                              REMEDIES ACT                                                       occur on or after September 28, 2018,                                    and departing the airport when the air
                                                                                                                 the civil money penalty under this                                       traffic control tower is closed. Also, an
                                              ■ 4. The authority citation for part 1217                          section may not exceed $554 for each                                     editorial change is made to the Class D
                                              continues to read as follows:                                      violation, with total penalties assessed                                 airspace legal description replacing
                                                Authority: 12 U.S.C. 4501; 12 U.S.C. 4526;                       under this section against an Enterprise                                 ‘‘Airport/Facility Directory’’ with the
                                              28 U.S.C. 2461 note; 31 U.S.C. 3801–3812.                          during any calendar year not to exceed                                   term ‘‘Chart Supplement’’. This action
                                              ■ 5. Amend § 1217.3 by revising                                    $159,743.                                                                enhances the safety and management of
                                              paragraphs (a)(1) introductory text and                            *     *     *    *     *                                                 instrument flight rules (IFR) operations
                                              (b)(1) introductory text to read as                                  Dated: August 15, 2018.                                                at this airport.
                                              follows:                                                           Melvin L. Watt,                                                          DATES: Effective 0901 UTC, November 8,
                                                                                                                 Director, Federal Housing Finance Agency.                                2018. The Director of the Federal
                                              § 1217.3 Basis for civil penalties and                                                                                                      Register approves this incorporation by
                                              assessments.                                                       [FR Doc. 2018–18517 Filed 8–28–18; 8:45 am]
                                                                                                                                                                                          reference action under title 1, Code of
                                                (a) * * * (1) A civil penalty of not                             BILLING CODE 8070–01–P
                                                                                                                                                                                          Federal Regulations, part 51, subject to
                                              more than $11,181 may be imposed                                                                                                            the annual revision of FAA Order
                                              upon a person who makes a claim to                                                                                                          7400.11 and publication of conforming
                                              FHFA for property, services, or money                              DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION                                             amendments.
                                              where the person knows or has reason                                                                                                        ADDRESSES: FAA Order 7400.11B,
                                              to know that the claim:                                            Federal Aviation Administration
                                                                                                                                                                                          Airspace Designations and Reporting
                                              *     *    *     *     *                                                                                                                    Points, and subsequent amendments can
                                                                                                                 14 CFR Part 71
                                                (b) * * * (1) A civil penalty of up to                                                                                                    be viewed online at http://www.faa.gov/
                                              $11,181 may be imposed upon a person                               [Docket No. FAA–2018–0062; Airspace                                      air_traffic/publications/. For further
                                              who makes a written statement to FHFA                              Docket No. 18–ASO–3]
                                                                                                                                                                                          information, you can contact the
                                              with respect to a claim, contract, bid or                          RIN 2120–AA66                                                            Airspace Policy Group, Federal Aviation
                                              proposal for a contract, or benefit from                                                                                                    Administration, 800 Independence
                                              FHFA that:                                                         Amendment of Class D and Class E                                         Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20591;
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                                              *     *    *     *     *                                           Airspace; Pensacola, FL, and                                             telephone: (202) 267–8783. The Order is
                                                                                                                 Establishment of Class E Airspace;                                       also available for inspection at the
                                              SUBCHAPTER C—ENTERPRISES
                                                                                                                 Milton, FL                                                               National Archives and Records
                                              PART 1250—FLOOD INSURANCE                                          AGENCY:  Federal Aviation                                                Administration (NARA). For
                                                                                                                 Administration (FAA), DOT.                                               information on the availability of FAA
                                              ■ 6. The authority citation for part 1250                                                                                                   Order 7400.11B at NARA, call (202)
                                                                                                                 ACTION: Final rule.
                                              continues to read as follows:                                                                                                               741–6030, or go to https://


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Document Created: 2018-08-29 00:12:44
Document Modified: 2018-08-29 00:12:44
CategoryRegulatory Information
CollectionFederal Register
sudoc ClassAE 2.7:
GS 4.107:
AE 2.106:
PublisherOffice of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Administration
SectionRules and Regulations
ActionFinal rule.
DatesEffective date: September 28, 2018.
ContactStephen E. Hart, Deputy General Counsel, at (202) 649-3053, [email protected], or Frank R. Wright, Assistant General Counsel, at (202) 649-3087, [email protected] (not toll-free numbers); Federal Housing Finance Agency, 400 7th Street SW, Washington, DC 20219. The telephone number for the Telecommunications Device for the Hearing Impaired is: (800) 877-8339 (TDD only).
FR Citation83 FR 43965 
RIN Number2590-AA93
CFR Citation12 CFR 1209
12 CFR 1217
12 CFR 1250
CFR AssociatedAdministrative Practice and Procedure; Penalties; Civil Remedies; Program Fraud; Flood Insurance; Government-Sponsored Enterprises and Reporting and Recordkeeping Requirements

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