83_FR_55461 83 FR 55247 - Special Conditions: Bombardier Inc. Model BD-700-2A12 and BD-700-2A13 Airplanes; Enhanced Flight Vision System (EFVS)

83 FR 55247 - Special Conditions: Bombardier Inc. Model BD-700-2A12 and BD-700-2A13 Airplanes; Enhanced Flight Vision System (EFVS)

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Federal Aviation Administration

Federal Register Volume 83, Issue 214 (November 5, 2018)

Page Range55247-55249
FR Document2018-24104

These special conditions are issued for the Bombardier Inc. (Bombardier) Model BD-700-2A12 and BD-700-2A13 airplanes. These airplanes will have a novel or unusual design feature associated with an enhanced flight-vision system. The applicable airworthiness regulations do not contain adequate or appropriate safety standards for this design feature. These special conditions contain the additional safety standards that the Administrator considers necessary to establish a level of safety equivalent to that established by the existing airworthiness standards.

Federal Register, Volume 83 Issue 214 (Monday, November 5, 2018)
[Federal Register Volume 83, Number 214 (Monday, November 5, 2018)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 55247-55249]
From the Federal Register Online  [www.thefederalregister.org]
[FR Doc No: 2018-24104]



========================================================================
Rules and Regulations
                                                Federal Register
________________________________________________________________________

This section of the FEDERAL REGISTER contains regulatory documents 
having general applicability and legal effect, most of which are keyed 
to and codified in the Code of Federal Regulations, which is published 
under 50 titles pursuant to 44 U.S.C. 1510.

The Code of Federal Regulations is sold by the Superintendent of Documents. 

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Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 214 / Monday, November 5, 2018 / 
Rules and Regulations

[[Page 55247]]



DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

Federal Aviation Administration

14 CFR Part 25

[Docket No. FAA-2016-4159; Special Conditions No. 25-735-SC]


Special Conditions: Bombardier Inc. Model BD-700-2A12 and BD-700-
2A13 Airplanes; Enhanced Flight Vision System (EFVS)

AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT.

ACTION: Final special conditions; request for comments.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

SUMMARY: These special conditions are issued for the Bombardier Inc. 
(Bombardier) Model BD-700-2A12 and BD-700-2A13 airplanes. These 
airplanes will have a novel or unusual design feature associated with 
an enhanced flight-vision system. The applicable airworthiness 
regulations do not contain adequate or appropriate safety standards for 
this design feature. These special conditions contain the additional 
safety standards that the Administrator considers necessary to 
establish a level of safety equivalent to that established by the 
existing airworthiness standards.

DATES: This action is effective on Bombardier on November 5, 2018. Send 
your comments by December 20, 2018.

ADDRESSES: Send comments identified by docket number FAA-2016-4159 
using any of the following methods:
     Federal eRegulations Portal: Go to http://www.regulations.gov/ and follow the online instructions for sending 
your comments electronically.
     Mail: Send comments to Docket Operations, M-30, U.S. 
Department of Transportation (DOT), 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE, Room 
W12-140, West Building Ground Floor, Washington, DC, 20590-0001.
     Hand Delivery or Courier: Take comments to Docket 
Operations in Room W12-140 of the West Building Ground Floor at 1200 
New Jersey Avenue SE, Washington, DC, between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday 
through Friday, except federal holidays.
     Fax: Fax comments to Docket Operations at 202-493-2251.
    Privacy: The FAA will post all comments it receives, without 
change, to http://www.regulations.gov/, including any personal 
information the commenter provides. Using the search function of the 
docket website, anyone can find and read the electronic form of all 
comments received into any FAA docket, including the name of the 
individual sending the comment (or signing the comment for an 
association, business, labor union, etc.). DOT's complete Privacy Act 
Statement can be found in the Federal Register published on April 11, 
2000 (65 FR 19477-19478), as well as at http://DocketsInfo.dot.gov/ gov/.
    Docket: Background documents or comments received may be read at 
http://www.regulations.gov/ at any time. Follow the online instructions 
for accessing the docket or go to the Docket Operations in Room W12-140 
of the West Building Ground Floor at 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE, 
Washington, DC, between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through Friday, 
except federal holidays.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: John Stuber, FAA, Airframe and Cabin 
Safety Section, AIR-671, Transport Standards Branch, Policy and 
Innovation Division, Aircraft Certification Service, Federal Aviation 
Administration, 2200 South 216th Street, Des Moines, Washington 98198; 
telephone and fax 206-231-3164; email [email protected].

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The substance of these special conditions 
previously has been published in the Federal Register for public 
comment. These special conditions have been derived without substantive 
change from those previously issued. It is unlikely that prior public 
comment would result in a significant change from the substance 
contained herein. Therefore, the FAA has determined that prior public 
notice and comment are unnecessary, and finds that, for the same 
reason, good cause exists for adopting these special conditions upon 
publication in the Federal Register. Comments Invited
    The FAA is requesting comments to allow interested persons to 
submit views that may not have been submitted in response to prior 
opportunities for comment described above. We invite interested people 
to take part in this rulemaking by sending written comments, data, or 
views. The most helpful comments reference a specific portion of the 
special conditions, explain the reason for any recommended change, and 
include supporting data.
    We will consider all comments we receive by the closing date for 
comments. We may change these special conditions based on the comments 
we receive.

Background

    On May 30, 2012, Bombardier applied for an amendment to type 
certificate no. T00003NY to include the new Model BD-700-2A12 and BD-
700-2A13 airplanes. These airplanes are derivatives of the Model BD-700 
series of airplanes and are marketed as the Bombardier Global 7000 
(Model BD-700-2A12) and Global 8000 (Model BD-700-2A13). These 
airplanes are twin-engine, transport-category, executive-interior 
business jets. The maximum passenger capacity is 19 and the maximum 
takeoff weights are 106,250 lbs. (Model BD-700-2A12) and 104,800 lbs. 
(Model BD-700-2A13).

Type Certification Basis

    Under the provisions of title 14, Code of Federal Regulations (14 
CFR) 21.101, Bombardier must show that the Model BD-700-2A12 and BD-
700-2A13 airplanes meet the applicable provisions of the regulations 
listed in Type Certificate No. T00003NY, or the applicable regulations 
in effect on the date of application for the change, except for earlier 
amendments as agreed upon by the FAA.
    If the Administrator finds that the applicable airworthiness 
regulations (i.e., 14 CFR part 25) do not contain adequate or 
appropriate safety standards for the Model BD-700-2A12 and BD-700-2A13 
airplanes because of a novel or unusual design feature, special 
conditions are prescribed under the provisions of Sec.  21.16.
    Special conditions are applicable to the model for which they are 
issued. Should the type certificate for that model be amended later to 
include any other model that incorporates the same novel or unusual 
design feature, or should any other model already included on the same 
type certificate be

[[Page 55248]]

modified to incorporate the same novel or unusual design feature, these 
special conditions would also apply to the other model under Sec.  
21.101.
    In addition to the applicable airworthiness regulations and special 
conditions, the Model BD-700-2A12 and BD-700-2A13 airplanes must comply 
with the fuel-vent and exhaust-emission requirements of 14 CFR part 34, 
and the noise-certification requirements of 14 CFR part 36.
    The FAA issues special conditions, as defined in 14 CFR 11.19, in 
accordance with Sec.  11.38, and they become part of the type 
certification basis under Sec.  21.101.

Novel or Unusual Design Features

    The Model BD-700-2A12 and BD-700-2A13 airplanes will incorporate 
the following novel or unusual design features:
    Installation of an enhanced flight-vision system (EFVS).

Discussion

    When the FAA began to evaluate the display of enhanced flight-
vision system (EFVS) imagery on the head-up display, significant 
potential to obscure the outside view became apparent, contrary to the 
requirements of Sec.  25.773. Section 25.773 does not permit 
distortions and reflections in the pilot-compartment view that can 
interfere with normal duties, and was not written in anticipation of 
EFVS technology. The EFVS video image potentially interferes with the 
pilot's ability to see the natural scene in the center of the forward 
field of view.
    The FAA issued special conditions for such HUD/EFVS installations 
to ensure that the level of safety required by Sec.  25.773 would be 
met even when the image might partially obscure the outside view. 
Unlike the pilot's natural forward vision, the EFVS image is infrared-
based, monochrome, 2-dimensional (i.e., providing no depth perception), 
and of lower resolution. Although the pilot may be able to see around 
and through small, individual symbols on the HUD, the pilot may not be 
able to see around or through the image that fills the display without 
some interference of the outside view. Nevertheless, the EFVS may be 
capable of meeting the required level of safety when considering the 
combined view of the image and the outside scene visible to the pilot 
through the image. It is essential that the pilot can use this 
combination of image and natural view of the outside scene as safely 
and effectively as is the pilot-compartment view currently available 
without the EFVS image.
    Because Sec.  25.773, at the applicable amendment level, does not 
provide for any alternatives or considerations for a novel or unusual 
design feature, the FAA establishes safety requirements that assure an 
equivalent level of safety and effectiveness of the pilot-compartment 
view as intended by that rule. The purpose of these special conditions 
is to provide the unique pilot-compartment-view requirements for the 
EFVS installation.
    Compliance with these special conditions is required for the EFVS 
to be found acceptable, for the following intended functions, in 
accordance with Sec.  [thinsp]91.176(b):
    1. Presenting an image that would aid the pilot during a straight-
in instrument approach.
    2. Enable the pilot to determine the ``enhanced flight 
visibility,'' as required by Sec.  [thinsp]91.176(b)(3), for descent 
and operation below MDA/DH.
    3. Enable the pilot to use the EFVS imagery to detect and identify 
the ``visual references for the intended runway,'' required by Sec.  
[thinsp]91.176(b)(3), to continue the approach with vertical guidance 
to 100 feet height above touchdown-zone elevation.

    Note: The term ``Enhanced Vision System,'' or EVS, commonly 
refers to a system comprising a HUD, imaging sensor(s), and avionics 
interface(s) that displays the sensor imagery on the HUD and 
overlays it with alpha-numeric and symbolic flight information. 
However, the term has also been used to refer to systems that 
display the sensor imagery, with or without other flight 
information, on a head-down display. Therefore, to avoid confusion, 
the FAA has defined the term ``Enhanced Flight Vision System'' 
(EFVS) to refer to certain EVS that meet the requirements of Sec.  
[thinsp]91.176(b), in particular the requirement for a HUD and 
specified flight information, and the ability to determine 
``enhanced flight visibility.'' Accordingly, an EFVS can be 
considered a subset of systems otherwise labeled EVS.

    These special conditions contain the additional safety standards 
that the Administrator considers necessary to establish a level of 
safety equivalent to that established by the existing airworthiness 
standards.

Applicability

    As discussed above, these special conditions are applicable to 
Bombardier Inc. Model BD-700-2A12 and BD-700-2A13 airplanes. Should 
Bombardier Inc. apply at a later date for a change to the type 
certificate to include another model incorporating the same novel or 
unusual design feature, the special conditions would apply to that 
model as well.

Conclusion

    This action affects only certain novel or unusual design features 
on two models of airplanes. It is not a rule of general applicability.

List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 25

    Aircraft, Aviation safety, Reporting and recordkeeping 
requirements.

Authority Citation

    The authority citation for these special conditions is as follows:

    Authority:  49 U.S.C. 106(f), 106(g), 40113, 44701, 44702, 
44704.

The Special Conditions

0
Accordingly, pursuant to the authority delegated to me by the 
Administrator, the following special conditions are issued as part of 
the type certification basis for Bombardier Inc. Model BD-700-2A12 and 
BD-700-2A13 airplanes.
    1. EFVS imagery on the HUD must not degrade the safety of flight, 
nor interfere with the effective use of outside visual references for 
required pilot tasks, during any phase of flight in which it is to be 
used.
    2. To avoid unacceptable interference with the safe and effective 
use of the pilot-compartment view, the EFVS device must meet the 
following requirements:
    a. EFVS design must minimize unacceptable display characteristics 
or artifacts (e.g. noise, ``burlap'' overlay, running water droplets) 
that obscure the desired image of the scene, impair the pilot's ability 
to detect and identify visual references, mask flight hazards, distract 
the pilot, or otherwise degrade task performance or safety.
    b. Control of EFVS display brightness must be sufficiently 
effective, in dynamically changing background (ambient) lighting 
conditions, to prevent full or partial blooming of the display that 
would distract the pilot, impair the pilot's ability to detect and 
identify visual references, mask flight hazards, or otherwise degrade 
task performance or safety. If automatic control for image brightness 
is not provided, it must be shown that a single manual setting is 
satisfactory for the range of lighting conditions encountered during a 
time-critical, high-workload phase of flight (e.g., low-visibility 
instrument approach).
    c. A readily accessible control must be provided that permits the 
pilot to immediately deactivate and reactivate display of the EFVS 
image on demand, without removing the pilot's hands from the primary 
flight controls (yoke or equivalent) or thrust control.
    d. The EFVS image on the HUD must not impair the pilot's use of 
guidance

[[Page 55249]]

information, or degrade the presentation and pilot awareness of 
essential flight information displayed on the HUD, such as alerts, 
airspeed, attitude, altitude and direction, approach guidance, wind-
shear guidance, TCAS resolution advisories, and unusual-attitude 
recovery cues.
    e. The EFVS image and the HUD symbols, which are spatially 
referenced to the pitch scale, outside view, and image, must be scaled 
and aligned (i.e., conformal) to the external scene and, when 
considered singly or in combination, must not be misleading, cause 
pilot confusion, or increase workload. Airplane attitudes or cross-wind 
conditions may cause certain symbols, such as the zero-pitch line or 
flight-path vector, to reach field-of-view limits such that they cannot 
be positioned conformably with the image and external scene. In such 
cases, these symbols may be displayed, but with an altered appearance 
(e.g., ``ghosting'') which makes the pilot aware that they are no 
longer displayed conformally.
    f. A HUD system that displays EFVS images must, if previously 
certified, continue to meet all of the requirements of the original 
approval.
    3. The safety and performance of the pilot tasks associated with 
the use of the pilot-compartment view must be not be degraded by the 
display of the EFVS image. Pilot tasks, which must not be degraded by 
the EFVS image, include:
    a. Detection, accurate identification, and maneuvering, as 
necessary, to avoid traffic, terrain, obstacles, and other hazards of 
flight.
    b. Accurate identification and utilization of visual references 
required for every task relevant to the phase of flight.
    4. Use of EFVS for instrument approach operations must be in 
accordance with the provisions of the applicable Sec.  91.176 
operational rule. Appropriate limitations must be stated in the 
Operating Limitations section of the Airplane Flight Manual to prohibit 
the use of the EFVS for functions that have not been found to be 
acceptable.

    Issued in Des Moines, Washington, on October 29, 2018.
Victor Wicklund,
Manager, Transport Standards Branch, Policy and Innovation Division, 
Aircraft Certification Service.
[FR Doc. 2018-24104 Filed 11-2-18; 8:45 am]
 BILLING CODE 4910-13-P



                                                                                                                                                    55247

     Rules and Regulations                                                                                         Federal Register
                                                                                                                   Vol. 83, No. 214

                                                                                                                   Monday, November 5, 2018



     This section of the FEDERAL REGISTER                    Ground Floor at 1200 New Jersey                       in response to prior opportunities for
     contains regulatory documents having general            Avenue SE, Washington, DC, between 9                  comment described above. We invite
     applicability and legal effect, most of which           a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through                       interested people to take part in this
     are keyed to and codified in the Code of                Friday, except federal holidays.                      rulemaking by sending written
     Federal Regulations, which is published under              • Fax: Fax comments to Docket                      comments, data, or views. The most
     50 titles pursuant to 44 U.S.C. 1510.
                                                             Operations at 202–493–2251.                           helpful comments reference a specific
     The Code of Federal Regulations is sold by                 Privacy: The FAA will post all                     portion of the special conditions,
     the Superintendent of Documents.                        comments it receives, without change,                 explain the reason for any
                                                             to http://www.regulations.gov/,                       recommended change, and include
                                                             including any personal information the                supporting data.
     DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION                            commenter provides. Using the search                    We will consider all comments we
                                                             function of the docket website, anyone                receive by the closing date for
     Federal Aviation Administration                         can find and read the electronic form of              comments. We may change these special
                                                             all comments received into any FAA                    conditions based on the comments we
     14 CFR Part 25                                          docket, including the name of the                     receive.
     [Docket No. FAA–2016–4159; Special                      individual sending the comment (or                    Background
     Conditions No. 25–735–SC]                               signing the comment for an association,
                                                             business, labor union, etc.). DOT’s                     On May 30, 2012, Bombardier applied
     Special Conditions: Bombardier Inc.                     complete Privacy Act Statement can be                 for an amendment to type certificate no.
     Model BD–700–2A12 and BD–700–                           found in the Federal Register published               T00003NY to include the new Model
     2A13 Airplanes; Enhanced Flight                         on April 11, 2000 (65 FR 19477–19478),                BD–700–2A12 and BD–700–2A13
     Vision System (EFVS)                                    as well as at http://DocketsInfo.dot.                 airplanes. These airplanes are
                                                             gov/.                                                 derivatives of the Model BD–700 series
     AGENCY:  Federal Aviation                                                                                     of airplanes and are marketed as the
     Administration (FAA), DOT.                                 Docket: Background documents or
                                                             comments received may be read at                      Bombardier Global 7000 (Model BD–
     ACTION: Final special conditions; request                                                                     700–2A12) and Global 8000 (Model BD–
                                                             http://www.regulations.gov/ at any time.
     for comments.                                           Follow the online instructions for                    700–2A13). These airplanes are twin-
                                                             accessing the docket or go to the Docket              engine, transport-category, executive-
     SUMMARY:   These special conditions are
                                                             Operations in Room W12–140 of the                     interior business jets. The maximum
     issued for the Bombardier Inc.
                                                             West Building Ground Floor at 1200                    passenger capacity is 19 and the
     (Bombardier) Model BD–700–2A12 and
                                                             New Jersey Avenue SE, Washington,                     maximum takeoff weights are 106,250
     BD–700–2A13 airplanes. These                                                                                  lbs. (Model BD–700–2A12) and 104,800
     airplanes will have a novel or unusual                  DC, between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday
                                                             through Friday, except federal holidays.              lbs. (Model BD–700–2A13).
     design feature associated with an
     enhanced flight-vision system. The                      FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: John                 Type Certification Basis
     applicable airworthiness regulations do                 Stuber, FAA, Airframe and Cabin Safety                   Under the provisions of title 14, Code
     not contain adequate or appropriate                     Section, AIR–671, Transport Standards                 of Federal Regulations (14 CFR) 21.101,
     safety standards for this design feature.               Branch, Policy and Innovation Division,               Bombardier must show that the Model
     These special conditions contain the                    Aircraft Certification Service, Federal               BD–700–2A12 and BD–700–2A13
     additional safety standards that the                    Aviation Administration, 2200 South                   airplanes meet the applicable provisions
     Administrator considers necessary to                    216th Street, Des Moines, Washington                  of the regulations listed in Type
     establish a level of safety equivalent to               98198; telephone and fax 206–231–                     Certificate No. T00003NY, or the
     that established by the existing                        3164; email john.stuber@faa.gov.                      applicable regulations in effect on the
     airworthiness standards.                                SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The                        date of application for the change,
     DATES: This action is effective on                      substance of these special conditions                 except for earlier amendments as agreed
     Bombardier on November 5, 2018. Send                    previously has been published in the                  upon by the FAA.
     your comments by December 20, 2018.                     Federal Register for public comment.                     If the Administrator finds that the
     ADDRESSES: Send comments identified                     These special conditions have been                    applicable airworthiness regulations
     by docket number FAA–2016–4159                          derived without substantive change                    (i.e., 14 CFR part 25) do not contain
     using any of the following methods:                     from those previously issued. It is                   adequate or appropriate safety standards
        • Federal eRegulations Portal: Go to                 unlikely that prior public comment                    for the Model BD–700–2A12 and BD–
     http://www.regulations.gov/ and follow                  would result in a significant change                  700–2A13 airplanes because of a novel
     the online instructions for sending your                from the substance contained herein.                  or unusual design feature, special
     comments electronically.                                Therefore, the FAA has determined that                conditions are prescribed under the
        • Mail: Send comments to Docket                      prior public notice and comment are                   provisions of § 21.16.
     Operations, M–30, U.S. Department of                    unnecessary, and finds that, for the                     Special conditions are applicable to
     Transportation (DOT), 1200 New Jersey                   same reason, good cause exists for                    the model for which they are issued.
     Avenue SE, Room W12–140, West                           adopting these special conditions upon                Should the type certificate for that
     Building Ground Floor, Washington,                      publication in the Federal Register.                  model be amended later to include any
     DC, 20590–0001.                                         Comments Invited                                      other model that incorporates the same
        • Hand Delivery or Courier: Take                        The FAA is requesting comments to                  novel or unusual design feature, or
     comments to Docket Operations in                        allow interested persons to submit                    should any other model already
     Room W12–140 of the West Building                       views that may not have been submitted                included on the same type certificate be


VerDate Sep<11>2014   16:30 Nov 02, 2018   Jkt 247001   PO 00000   Frm 00001   Fmt 4700   Sfmt 4700   E:\FR\FM\05NOR1.SGM   05NOR1


     55248            Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 214 / Monday, November 5, 2018 / Rules and Regulations

     modified to incorporate the same novel                     Because § 25.773, at the applicable                Conclusion
     or unusual design feature, these special                amendment level, does not provide for                   This action affects only certain novel
     conditions would also apply to the other                any alternatives or considerations for a              or unusual design features on two
     model under § 21.101.                                   novel or unusual design feature, the                  models of airplanes. It is not a rule of
       In addition to the applicable                         FAA establishes safety requirements                   general applicability.
     airworthiness regulations and special                   that assure an equivalent level of safety
     conditions, the Model BD–700–2A12                       and effectiveness of the pilot-                       List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 25
     and BD–700–2A13 airplanes must                          compartment view as intended by that                    Aircraft, Aviation safety, Reporting
     comply with the fuel-vent and exhaust-                  rule. The purpose of these special                    and recordkeeping requirements.
     emission requirements of 14 CFR part                    conditions is to provide the unique
     34, and the noise-certification                         pilot-compartment-view requirements                   Authority Citation
     requirements of 14 CFR part 36.                         for the EFVS installation.                              The authority citation for these
       The FAA issues special conditions, as                                                                       special conditions is as follows:
                                                                Compliance with these special
     defined in 14 CFR 11.19, in accordance                                                                          Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(f), 106(g), 40113,
                                                             conditions is required for the EFVS to
     with § 11.38, and they become part of                                                                         44701, 44702, 44704.
                                                             be found acceptable, for the following
     the type certification basis under
                                                             intended functions, in accordance with                The Special Conditions
     § 21.101.
                                                             § 91.176(b):
     Novel or Unusual Design Features                           1. Presenting an image that would aid              ■ Accordingly, pursuant to the authority
                                                                                                                   delegated to me by the Administrator,
       The Model BD–700–2A12 and BD–                         the pilot during a straight-in instrument
                                                                                                                   the following special conditions are
     700–2A13 airplanes will incorporate the                 approach.
                                                                                                                   issued as part of the type certification
     following novel or unusual design                          2. Enable the pilot to determine the               basis for Bombardier Inc. Model BD–
     features:                                               ‘‘enhanced flight visibility,’’ as required           700–2A12 and BD–700–2A13 airplanes.
       Installation of an enhanced flight-                   by § 91.176(b)(3), for descent and                       1. EFVS imagery on the HUD must not
     vision system (EFVS).                                   operation below MDA/DH.                               degrade the safety of flight, nor interfere
     Discussion                                                 3. Enable the pilot to use the EFVS                with the effective use of outside visual
        When the FAA began to evaluate the                   imagery to detect and identify the                    references for required pilot tasks,
     display of enhanced flight-vision system                ‘‘visual references for the intended                  during any phase of flight in which it is
     (EFVS) imagery on the head-up display,                  runway,’’ required by § 91.176(b)(3), to              to be used.
                                                             continue the approach with vertical                      2. To avoid unacceptable interference
     significant potential to obscure the
                                                             guidance to 100 feet height above                     with the safe and effective use of the
     outside view became apparent, contrary
                                                             touchdown-zone elevation.                             pilot-compartment view, the EFVS
     to the requirements of § 25.773. Section
                                                                                                                   device must meet the following
     25.773 does not permit distortions and                    Note: The term ‘‘Enhanced Vision System,’’
                                                             or EVS, commonly refers to a system
                                                                                                                   requirements:
     reflections in the pilot-compartment                                                                             a. EFVS design must minimize
     view that can interfere with normal                     comprising a HUD, imaging sensor(s), and
                                                             avionics interface(s) that displays the sensor        unacceptable display characteristics or
     duties, and was not written in                                                                                artifacts (e.g. noise, ‘‘burlap’’ overlay,
                                                             imagery on the HUD and overlays it with
     anticipation of EFVS technology. The                                                                          running water droplets) that obscure the
                                                             alpha-numeric and symbolic flight
     EFVS video image potentially interferes                 information. However, the term has also been          desired image of the scene, impair the
     with the pilot’s ability to see the natural             used to refer to systems that display the             pilot’s ability to detect and identify
     scene in the center of the forward field                sensor imagery, with or without other flight          visual references, mask flight hazards,
     of view.                                                information, on a head-down display.                  distract the pilot, or otherwise degrade
        The FAA issued special conditions for                Therefore, to avoid confusion, the FAA has            task performance or safety.
     such HUD/EFVS installations to ensure                   defined the term ‘‘Enhanced Flight Vision                b. Control of EFVS display brightness
     that the level of safety required by                    System’’ (EFVS) to refer to certain EVS that
                                                                                                                   must be sufficiently effective, in
     § 25.773 would be met even when the                     meet the requirements of § 91.176(b), in
                                                             particular the requirement for a HUD and              dynamically changing background
     image might partially obscure the                                                                             (ambient) lighting conditions, to prevent
                                                             specified flight information, and the ability to
     outside view. Unlike the pilot’s natural                determine ‘‘enhanced flight visibility.’’             full or partial blooming of the display
     forward vision, the EFVS image is                       Accordingly, an EFVS can be considered a              that would distract the pilot, impair the
     infrared-based, monochrome, 2-                          subset of systems otherwise labeled EVS.              pilot’s ability to detect and identify
     dimensional (i.e., providing no depth                                                                         visual references, mask flight hazards,
     perception), and of lower resolution.                     These special conditions contain the                or otherwise degrade task performance
     Although the pilot may be able to see                   additional safety standards that the                  or safety. If automatic control for image
     around and through small, individual                    Administrator considers necessary to                  brightness is not provided, it must be
     symbols on the HUD, the pilot may not                   establish a level of safety equivalent to             shown that a single manual setting is
     be able to see around or through the                    that established by the existing                      satisfactory for the range of lighting
     image that fills the display without                    airworthiness standards.                              conditions encountered during a time-
     some interference of the outside view.                  Applicability                                         critical, high-workload phase of flight
     Nevertheless, the EFVS may be capable                                                                         (e.g., low-visibility instrument
     of meeting the required level of safety                   As discussed above, these special                   approach).
     when considering the combined view of                   conditions are applicable to Bombardier                  c. A readily accessible control must be
     the image and the outside scene visible                 Inc. Model BD–700–2A12 and BD–700–                    provided that permits the pilot to
     to the pilot through the image. It is                   2A13 airplanes. Should Bombardier Inc.                immediately deactivate and reactivate
     essential that the pilot can use this                   apply at a later date for a change to the             display of the EFVS image on demand,
     combination of image and natural view                   type certificate to include another                   without removing the pilot’s hands from
     of the outside scene as safely and                      model incorporating the same novel or                 the primary flight controls (yoke or
     effectively as is the pilot-compartment                 unusual design feature, the special                   equivalent) or thrust control.
     view currently available without the                    conditions would apply to that model as                  d. The EFVS image on the HUD must
     EFVS image.                                             well.                                                 not impair the pilot’s use of guidance


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                      Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 214 / Monday, November 5, 2018 / Rules and Regulations                                            55249

     information, or degrade the presentation                DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION                          through Friday, except Federal holidays.
     and pilot awareness of essential flight                                                                       The AD docket contains this final rule,
     information displayed on the HUD, such                  Federal Aviation Administration                       the regulatory evaluation, any
     as alerts, airspeed, attitude, altitude and                                                                   comments received, and other
     direction, approach guidance, wind-                     14 CFR Part 39                                        information. The address for Docket
     shear guidance, TCAS resolution                         [Docket No. FAA–2018–0585; Product                    Operations (phone: 800–647–5527) is
     advisories, and unusual-attitude                        Identifier 2018–NM–070–AD; Amendment                  U.S. Department of Transportation,
     recovery cues.                                          39–19481; AD 2018–22–08]                              Docket Operations, M–30, West
                                                                                                                   Building Ground Floor, Room W12–140,
        e. The EFVS image and the HUD                        RIN 2120–AA64
                                                                                                                   1200 New Jersey Avenue SE,
     symbols, which are spatially referenced                                                                       Washington, DC 20590.
     to the pitch scale, outside view, and                   Airworthiness Directives; Bombardier,
                                                             Inc., Airplanes                                       FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: John
     image, must be scaled and aligned (i.e.,
                                                                                                                   DeLuca, Aerospace Engineer, Avionics
     conformal) to the external scene and,                   AGENCY:  Federal Aviation                             and Electrical Systems Services Section,
     when considered singly or in                            Administration (FAA), Department of                   FAA, New York ACO Branch, 1600
     combination, must not be misleading,                    Transportation (DOT).                                 Stewart Avenue, Suite 410, Westbury,
     cause pilot confusion, or increase                      ACTION: Final rule.                                   NY 11590; telephone 516–228–7369; fax
     workload. Airplane attitudes or cross-                                                                        516–794–5531; email 9-avs-nyaco-cos@
     wind conditions may cause certain                       SUMMARY:    We are adopting a new                     faa.gov.
     symbols, such as the zero-pitch line or                 airworthiness directive (AD) for certain
                                                             Bombardier, Inc., Model BD–700–1A10                   SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
     flight-path vector, to reach field-of-view
     limits such that they cannot be                         and BD–700–1A11 airplanes. This AD                    Discussion
     positioned conformably with the image                   was prompted by reports that non-
                                                                                                                      We issued a notice of proposed
     and external scene. In such cases, these                conforming FIREX squib wire harness
                                                                                                                   rulemaking (NPRM) to amend 14 CFR
     symbols may be displayed, but with an                   connectors may have been installed,
                                                                                                                   part 39 by adding an AD that would
     altered appearance (e.g., ‘‘ghosting’’)                 which could result in FIREX squib wire
                                                                                                                   apply to certain Bombardier, Inc., Model
     which makes the pilot aware that they                   harness connectors being connected to
                                                                                                                   BD–700–1A10 and BD–700–1A11
     are no longer displayed conformally.                    the wrong FIREX bottle connectors on
                                                                                                                   airplanes. The NPRM published in the
                                                             affected aircraft. This AD requires a
        f. A HUD system that displays EFVS                                                                         Federal Register on July 6, 2018 (83 FR
                                                             visual inspection of the connections
     images must, if previously certified,                                                                         31491). The NPRM was prompted by
                                                             between the FIREX squib wire harness
     continue to meet all of the requirements                                                                      reports that non-conforming FIREX
                                                             connectors and FIREX bottle connectors,
     of the original approval.                                                                                     squib wire harness connectors may have
                                                             installation of split ring lanyards on the
                                                                                                                   been installed, which could result in
        3. The safety and performance of the                 FIREX squib wire harness connectors,
                                                                                                                   FIREX squib wire harness connectors
     pilot tasks associated with the use of the              and corrective actions if necessary. We
                                                                                                                   being connected to the wrong FIREX
     pilot-compartment view must be not be                   are issuing this AD to address the unsafe
                                                                                                                   bottle connectors on affected aircraft.
     degraded by the display of the EFVS                     condition on these products.
                                                                                                                   The NPRM proposed to require a visual
     image. Pilot tasks, which must not be                   DATES: This AD is effective December                  inspection of the connections between
     degraded by the EFVS image, include:                    10, 2018.                                             the FIREX squib wire harness
                                                                The Director of the Federal Register               connectors and FIREX bottle connectors,
        a. Detection, accurate identification,
                                                             approved the incorporation by reference               installation of split ring lanyards on the
     and maneuvering, as necessary, to avoid
                                                             of certain publications listed in this AD             FIREX squib wire harness connectors,
     traffic, terrain, obstacles, and other                  as of December 10, 2018.
     hazards of flight.                                                                                            and corrective actions if necessary.
                                                             ADDRESSES: For service information                       We are issuing this AD to address this
        b. Accurate identification and                       identified in this final rule, contact                wiring discrepancy, which, in the event
     utilization of visual references required               Bombardier, Inc., 400 Côte-Vertu Road                of an engine fire, could result in
     for every task relevant to the phase of                 West, Dorval, Québec H4S 1Y9, Canada;                misrouting the supply of fire
     flight.                                                 telephone 514–855–5000; fax 514–855–                  extinguishing agent to the wrong engine,
        4. Use of EFVS for instrument                        7401; email thd.crj@                                  or limit the supply from both FIREX
     approach operations must be in                          aero.bombardier.com; internet http://                 bottles to only one engine, which could
     accordance with the provisions of the                   www.bombardier.com. You may view                      result in the inability to extinguish an
     applicable § 91.176 operational rule.                   this service information at the FAA,                  engine fire.
     Appropriate limitations must be stated                  Transport Standards Branch, 2200                         Transport Canada Civil Aviation
     in the Operating Limitations section of                 South 216th St., Des Moines, WA. For                  (TCCA), which is the aviation authority
     the Airplane Flight Manual to prohibit                  information on the availability of this               for Canada, has issued Canadian AD
                                                             material at the FAA, call 206–231–3195.               CF–2018–08R1, dated March 2, 2018
     the use of the EFVS for functions that
                                                             It is also available on the internet at               (referred to after this as the Mandatory
     have not been found to be acceptable.
                                                             http://www.regulations.gov by searching               Continuing Airworthiness Information,
       Issued in Des Moines, Washington, on                  for and locating Docket No. FAA–2018–                 or ‘‘the MCAI’’), to correct an unsafe
     October 29, 2018.                                       0585.                                                 condition for certain Bombardier, Inc.,
     Victor Wicklund,
                                                             Examining the AD Docket                               Model BD–700–1A10 and BD–700–
     Manager, Transport Standards Branch, Policy                                                                   1A11 airplanes. The MCAI states:
     and Innovation Division, Aircraft                         You may examine the AD docket on
                                                                                                                   Bombardier Inc. has been made aware that
     Certification Service.                                  the internet at http://                               non-conforming squib connector wire
     [FR Doc. 2018–24104 Filed 11–2–18; 8:45 am]             www.regulations.gov by searching for                  harnesses may have been installed on one of
                                                             and locating Docket No. FAA–2018–                     the two engine FIREX bottle installations on
     BILLING CODE 4910–13–P
                                                             0585; or in person at Docket Operations               some of the affected aeroplanes. The subject
                                                             between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday                     non conformity of squib connector wire



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Document Created: 2018-11-03 00:29:13
Document Modified: 2018-11-03 00:29:13
CategoryRegulatory Information
CollectionFederal Register
sudoc ClassAE 2.7:
GS 4.107:
AE 2.106:
PublisherOffice of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Administration
SectionRules and Regulations
ActionFinal special conditions; request for comments.
DatesThis action is effective on Bombardier on November 5, 2018. Send your comments by December 20, 2018.
ContactJohn Stuber, FAA, Airframe and Cabin Safety Section, AIR-671, Transport Standards Branch, Policy and Innovation Division, Aircraft Certification Service, Federal Aviation Administration, 2200 South 216th Street, Des Moines, Washington 98198; telephone and fax 206-231-3164; email [email protected]
FR Citation83 FR 55247 
CFR AssociatedAircraft; Aviation Safety and Reporting and Recordkeeping Requirements

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