83_FR_6305 83 FR 6275 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; Cboe C2 Exchange, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of a Proposed Rule Change Related to Market Data Fees

83 FR 6275 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; Cboe C2 Exchange, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of a Proposed Rule Change Related to Market Data Fees

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Federal Register Volume 83, Issue 30 (February 13, 2018)

Page Range6275-6279
FR Document2018-02858

Federal Register, Volume 83 Issue 30 (Tuesday, February 13, 2018)
[Federal Register Volume 83, Number 30 (Tuesday, February 13, 2018)]
[Notices]
[Pages 6275-6279]
From the Federal Register Online  [www.thefederalregister.org]
[FR Doc No: 2018-02858]


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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

[Release No. 34-82647; File No. SR-C2-2018-002]


Self-Regulatory Organizations; Cboe C2 Exchange, Inc.; Notice of 
Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of a Proposed Rule Change Related to 
Market Data Fees

February 7, 2018.
    Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 
(the ``Act''),\1\ and Rule 19b-4 thereunder,\2\ notice is hereby given 
that on January 30, 2018, Cboe C2 Exchange, Inc. (the ``Exchange'' or 
``C2'') filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the 
``Commission'') the proposed rule change as described in Items I, II, 
and III below, which Items have been prepared by the Exchange. The 
Commission is publishing this notice to solicit comments on the 
proposed rule change from interested persons.
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    \1\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
    \2\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4.
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I. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Terms of Substance 
of the Proposed Rule Change

    The Exchange proposes to amend the Cboe Data Services (``CDS'') fee 
schedule to increase the fees for the BBO, Book Depth, and Complex 
Order Book (``COB'') data feeds.
    The text of the proposed rule change is also available on the 
Exchange's website (http://www.c2exchange.com/Legal/), at the 
Exchange's Office of the Secretary, and at the Commission's Public 
Reference Room.

II. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Purpose of, and 
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule Change

    In its filing with the Commission, the Exchange included statements 
concerning the purpose of and basis for the proposed rule change and 
discussed any comments it received on the proposed rule change. The 
text of these statements may be examined at the places specified in 
Item IV below. The Exchange has prepared summaries, set forth in 
sections A, B, and C below, of

[[Page 6276]]

the most significant aspects of such statements.

A. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Purpose of, and 
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule Change

1. Purpose
    The Exchange proposes to amend the CDS fee schedule to increase the 
fees for the BBO, Book Depth, and COB data feeds.
BBO and Book Depth Data Feed
    The BBO Data Feed is a real-time data feed that includes the 
following information: (i) Outstanding quotes and standing orders at 
the best available price level on each side of the market; (ii) 
executed trades time, size, and price; (iii) totals of customer versus 
non-customer contracts at the best bid and offer (``BBO''); (iv) all-
or-none contingency orders priced better than or equal to the BBO; (v) 
expected opening price and expected opening size; (vi) end-of-day 
summaries by product, including open, high, low, and closing price 
during the trading session; (vi) recap messages any time there is a 
change in the open, high, low or last sale price of a listed option; 
(vii) COB information; and (viii) product IDs and codes for all listed 
options contracts. The quote and last sale data contained in the BBO 
data feed is identical to the data sent to the Options Price Reporting 
Authority (``OPRA'') for redistribution to the public.
    The Book Depth Data Feed is a real-time, low latency data feed that 
includes all data contained in the BBO Data Feed described above plus 
outstanding quotes and standing orders up to the first four price 
levels on each side of the market, with aggregate size (``Book 
Depth'').
    CDS currently charges a Data Fee, payable by a Customer, of $1,500 
per month for internal use and external redistribution of the BBO and/
or Book Depth data feeds.\3\ The Data Fee entitles a Customer to 
provide the BBO and/or the Book Depth data feed to an unlimited number 
of internal users and Devices \4\ within the Customer. A Customer 
receiving the BBO and/or Book Depth data feeds from another Customer is 
assessed the Data Fee by CDS pursuant to its own market data agreement 
with CDS, and is entitled to use the Data internally and/or distribute 
it externally.\5\ All Customers have the same rights to utilize the 
data internally and/or distribute it externally as long as the Customer 
has entered into a written agreement with CDS for the data and pays the 
Data Fee.
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    \3\ A BBO Data Feed ``Customer'' is any person, company or other 
entity that, pursuant to a market data agreement with CDS, is 
entitled to receive data, either directly from CDS or through an 
authorized redistributor (i.e., a Customer or an extranet service 
provider), whether that data is distributed externally or used 
internally. The CDS fee schedule for Exchange data is located at 
https://www.cboe.org/general-info/pdfframed?content=/publish/mdxfees/cboe-cds-fees-schedule-for-cboe-datafeeds.pdf§ion=SEC_MDX_CSM&title=Cboe%20CDS%20Fees%20Schedule.

    \4\ A ``Device'' means any computer, workstation or other item 
of equipment, fixed or portable, that receives, accesses and/or 
displays data in visual, audible or other form.
    \5\ A Customer may choose to receive the data from another 
Customer rather than directly from CDS's system because it does not 
want to or is not equipped to manage the technology necessary to 
establish a direct connection to CDS.
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    The Exchange proposes to increase the Data Fee for both the BBO and 
Book Depth data feeds from $1,500 per month to $2,500 per month.\6\ The 
Exchange is not proposing to amend the User Fee for either the BBO or 
Book Depth data feeds. The Data Fee for the Book Depth data feed will 
continue to be waived for Customers who also purchase the companion BBO 
data feed.\7\
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    \6\ The Exchange also proposes to remove reference in the BBO 
and Depth Book fees to the existing fees becoming effective on 
January 1, 2017.
    \7\ Such COB Data Feed Customers are still subject to User Fees.
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COB Data Feed
    The COB Data Feed is a real-time data feed that includes data 
regarding the Exchange's Complex Order Book and related complex order 
information. The COB Data Feed contains the following information for 
all Exchange-traded complex order strategies (multi-leg strategies such 
as spreads, straddles and buy-writes): (i) Outstanding quotes and 
standing orders on each side of the market with aggregate size, (ii) 
data with respect to executed trades (``last sale data''), and (iii) 
totals of customer versus non-customer contracts.
    CDS currently charges Customers \8\ of the COB Data Feed a Data Fee 
of $100 per month plus applicable User Fees. The Exchange now proposes 
to increase the Data Fee for the COB data feed from $100 to $1,000 per 
month.\9\ The Exchange proposes to increase the fee for the COB data 
feed to bring the cost of the data feed in line with, but still lower 
than, that of similar data feeds offered by other exchanges. The 
Exchange is not proposing to amend the User Fee for either the COB data 
feed. The Data Fee for the COB Data Feed would continue to be waived 
for Customers of the BBO and/or Book Depth data feeds.\10\
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    \8\ A Customer is any person, company or other entity that, 
pursuant to a market data agreement with CDS, is entitled to receive 
data, either directly from CDS or through an authorized 
redistributor (i.e., a Customer or an extranet service provider), 
whether that data is distributed externally or used internally. The 
CDS fee schedule for Exchange data is located at https://www.cboe.org/general-info/pdfframed?content=/publish/mdxfees/cboe-cds-fees-schedule-for-cboe-datafeeds.pdf§ion=SEC_MDX_CSM&title=Cboe%20CDS%20Fees%20Schedule.
    \9\ The Exchange also proposes to remove references to the 
existing fee becoming effective on January 1, 2017.
    \10\ Such COB Data Feed Customers are still subject to User 
Fees.
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Implementation Date
    The Exchange intends to implement the proposed fees on February 1, 
2018.
2. Statutory Basis
    The Exchange believes that the proposed rule change is consistent 
with the objectives of Section 6 of the Act,\11\ in general, and 
furthers the objectives of Section 6(b)(4),\12\ in particular, as it is 
designed to provide for the equitable allocation of reasonable dues, 
fees and other charges among its members and other recipients of 
Exchange data. The Exchange believes that the proposed rates are 
equitable and non-discriminatory in that they apply uniformly to all 
recipients of Exchange data. The Exchange believes the proposed fees 
are competitive with those charged by other venues and, therefore, 
reasonable and equitably allocated to recipients.
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    \11\ 15 U.S.C. 78f.
    \12\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(4).
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    The Exchange believes that the proposed rule change is consistent 
with Section 11(A) of the Act \13\ in that it supports (i) fair 
competition among brokers and dealers, among exchange markets, and 
between exchange markets and markets other than exchange markets and 
(ii) the availability to brokers, dealers, and investors of information 
with respect to quotations for and transactions in securities. 
Furthermore, the proposed rule change is consistent with Rule 603 of 
Regulation NMS,\14\ which provides that any national securities 
exchange that distributes information with respect to quotations for or 
transactions in an NMS stock do so on terms that are not unreasonably 
discriminatory. In adopting Regulation NMS, the Commission granted 
self-regulatory organizations and broker-dealers increased authority 
and flexibility to offer new and unique market data to the public. It 
was believed that this authority would expand the amount of data 
available to consumers, and also spur innovation and competition for 
the provision of market data.
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    \13\ 15 U.S.C. 78k-1.
    \14\ 17 CFR 242.603.
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    In addition, the proposed fees would not permit unfair 
discrimination

[[Page 6277]]

because all of the Exchange's customers and market data vendors who 
subscribe to the above data feeds will be subject to the proposed fees. 
The above data feeds are distributed and purchased on a voluntary 
basis, in that neither the Exchange nor market data distributors are 
required by any rule or regulation purchase this data or to make this 
data available. Accordingly, distributors and users can discontinue use 
at any time and for any reason, including due to an assessment of the 
reasonableness of fees charged. Firms have a wide variety of 
alternative market data products from which to choose, such as similar 
proprietary data products offered by other exchanges and consolidated 
data. Moreover, the Exchange is not required to make any proprietary 
data products available or to offer any specific pricing alternatives 
to any customers.
    In addition, the fees that are the subject of this rule filing are 
constrained by competition. As explained below in the Exchange's 
Statement on Burden on Competition, the existence of alternatives to 
the above data feeds further ensure that the Exchange cannot set 
unreasonable fees, or fees that are unreasonably discriminatory, when 
vendors and subscribers can elect such alternatives. That is, the 
Exchange competes with other exchanges (and their affiliates) that 
provide similar market data products. For example, the above data feeds 
provide investors with alternative market data and competes with 
similar market data product currently offered by other exchanges. If 
another exchange (or its affiliate) were to charge less to distribute 
its similar product than the Exchange charges for the above data feeds, 
prospective users likely would not subscribe to, or would cease 
subscribing to either market data product.
    The Exchange notes that the Commission is not required to undertake 
a cost-of-service or rate-making approach. The Exchange believes that, 
even if it were possible as a matter of economic theory, cost-based 
pricing for non-core market data would be so complicated that it could 
not be done practically.\15\
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    \15\ The Exchange believes that cost-based pricing would be 
impractical because it would create enormous administrative burdens 
for all parties, including the Commission, to cost-regulate a large 
number of participants and standardize and analyze extraordinary 
amounts of information, accounts, and reports. In addition, it is 
impossible to regulate market data prices in isolation from prices 
charged by markets for other services that are joint products. Cost-
based rate regulation would also lead to litigation and may distort 
incentives, including those to minimize costs and to innovate, 
leading to further waste. Under cost-based pricing, the Commission 
would be burdened with determining a fair rate of return, and the 
industry could experience frequent rate increases based on 
escalating expense levels. Even in industries historically subject 
to utility regulation, cost-based ratemaking has been discredited. 
As such, the Exchange believes that cost-based ratemaking would be 
inappropriate for proprietary market data and inconsistent with 
Congress's direction that the Commission use its authority to foster 
the development of the national market system, and that market 
forces will continue to provide appropriate pricing discipline. See 
Appendix C to NYSE's comments to the Commission's 2000 Concept 
Release on the Regulation of Market Information Fees and Revenues, 
which can be found on the Commission's website at http://www.sec.gov/rules/concept/s72899/buck1.htm. See also Securities 
Exchange Act Release No. 73816 (December 11, 2014), 79 FR 75200 
(December 17, 2014) (SR-NYSE-2014-64) (Notice of Filing and 
Immediate Effectiveness of Proposed Rule Change to Establish an 
Access Fee for the NYSE Best Quote and Trades Data Feed, Operative 
December 1, 2014).
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BBO Data Feed
    The Exchange believes the proposed increase in the Data Fee for BBO 
data is equitable and not unfairly discriminatory because it would 
apply equally to all Customers. The Exchange believes the proposed Data 
Fee is reasonable because it is lower than fees that other markets 
charge for similar products. For example, Nasdaq PHLX LLC (``PHLX'') 
charges Internal Distributors a monthly fee of $4,500 per organization 
and External Distributors a monthly fee of $5,000 per organization for 
its ``TOPO Plus Orders'' data feed, which like the BBO Data Feed 
includes top-of-book data (including orders, quotes and trades) and 
other market data.\16\ Nasdaq ISE, LLC (``ISE'') offers a ``Top Quote 
Feed'', which includes top-of-book data, and a separate ``Spread 
Feed'', which like the BBO Data Feed includes order and quote data for 
complex strategies. ISE charges distributors of its Top Quote Feed a 
base monthly fee of $3,000 and distributors of its Spread Feed a base 
monthly fee of $3,000 \17\ (totally $6,000 in the aggregate to receive 
the same data as offered by the BBO feed). The Exchange believes the 
proposed rate is reasonable based on the value of the market data 
included in the BBO feed and the market share that the data represents. 
The Exchange also notes that Customers who receive the BBO feed may 
also receive the Book Depth and COB data feeds at no extra charge.
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    \16\ See Section IX of the PHLX Pricing Schedule (setting forth 
the fees for proprietary market data).
    \17\ See Sections VIII(h) and (I) of the Nasdaq ISE Schedule of 
Fees.
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Book Depth Data Feed
    The Exchange believes the proposed Data Fee for the Book Depth Data 
Feed is equitable and not unfairly discriminatory because it would 
apply equally to all Customers. The Exchange believes the proposed Data 
Fee is reasonable because it is lower than fees that other markets 
charge for similar products. For example, PHLX charges Internal 
Distributors a monthly fee of $4,000 and External Distributors a 
monthly fee of a $4,500 for its Depth data feed that includes full 
depth of quotes and orders and last sale data for options listed on 
PHLX.\18\ In addition, ISE charges a $5,000 per month distributor fee 
for its Real-time Depth of Market data feed.\19\ The Exchange also 
notes that Customers who receive the Book Depth feed may also receive 
the BBO and COB data feeds at no extra charge. The Exchange believes 
the proposed rate is reasonable based on the value of the market data 
included in the BBO feed and the market share that the data represents.
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    \18\ See supra note 16.
    \19\ See Section VIII(f) of the Nasdaq ISE Schedule of Fees.
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COB Data Feed
    The Exchange believes the proposed Data Fee for the COB Data Feed 
is equitable, reasonable, and not unfairly discriminatory because they 
would apply equally to all Customers of the COB Data Feed. The Exchange 
proposes to increase the fee for the COB data feed to bring the cost of 
the data feed in line with, but still lower than, that of similar data 
feeds offered by other exchanges. For example, ISE charges distributors 
of its Spread Feed a base monthly fee of $3,000,\20\ equal to what the 
Exchange proposes to charge for the COB data feed. The Exchange also 
notes that Customers who receive the BBO and Book Depth feeds may also 
receive the COB data feed at no extra charge. The Exchange believes the 
proposed rate is reasonable based on the value of the market data 
included in the COB feed and the market share that the data represents.
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    \20\ See Sections VIII(I) of the Nasdaq ISE Schedule of Fees.
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B. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement on Burden on Competition

    The Exchange does not believe that the proposed rule change will 
result in any burden on competition that is not necessary or 
appropriate in furtherance of the purposes of the Act, as amended. The 
Exchange's ability to price the BBO, Book Depth, ad COB data feeds is 
constrained by: (i) Competition among exchanges that compete with each 
other in a variety of dimensions; (ii) the existence of inexpensive 
real-time consolidated data and market-specific data and free delayed 
data; and (iii) the inherent contestability of the market for 
proprietary data.

[[Page 6278]]

    An exchange's ability to price its proprietary data feed products 
is constrained by (1) the existence of actual competition for the sale 
of such data, (2) the joint product nature of exchange platforms, and 
(3) the existence of alternatives to proprietary data.
    The Existence of Actual Competition. The Exchange believes 
competition provides an effective constraint on the market data fees 
that the Exchange, through CDS, has the ability and the incentive to 
charge. The Exchange has a compelling need to attract order flow from 
market participants in order to maintain its share of trading volume. 
This compelling need to attract order flow imposes significant pressure 
on the Exchange to act reasonably in setting its fees for market data, 
particularly given that the market participants that will pay such fees 
often will be the same market participants from whom the Exchange must 
attract order flow. These market participants include broker-dealers 
that control the handling of a large volume of customer and proprietary 
order flow. Given the portability of order flow from one exchange to 
another, any exchange that sought to charge unreasonably high data fees 
would risk alienating many of the same customers on whose orders it 
depends for competitive survival. The Exchange currently competes with 
fourteen options exchanges (including its affiliate, C2) for order 
flow.\21\
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    \21\ The Commission has previously made a finding that the 
options industry is subject to significant competitive forces. See 
e.g., Securities Exchange Act Release No. 59949 (May 20, 2009), 74 
FR 25593 (May 28, 2009) (SR-ISE-2009-97) (order approving ISE's 
proposal to establish fees for a real-time depth of market data 
offering).
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    In addition, in the case of products that are distributed through 
market data vendors, the market data vendors themselves provide 
additional price discipline for proprietary data products because they 
control the primary means of access to certain end users. These vendors 
impose price discipline based upon their business models. For example, 
vendors that assess a surcharge on data they sell are able to refuse to 
offer proprietary products that their end users do not or will not 
purchase in sufficient numbers. Internet portals, such as Google, 
impose price discipline by providing only data that they believe will 
enable them to attract ``eyeballs'' that contribute to their 
advertising revenue. Similarly, Customers will not offer the BBO, Book 
Depth or COB Data Feeds unless these products will help them maintain 
current users or attract new ones. For example, a broker-dealer will 
not choose to offer the BBO, Book Depth or COB Data Feeds to its retail 
customers unless the broker-dealer believes that the retail customers 
will use and value the data and the provision of such data will help 
the broker-dealer maintain the customer relationship, which allows the 
broker-dealer to generate profits for itself. Professional users will 
not request any of these feeds from Customers unless they can use the 
data for profit-generating purposes in their businesses. All of these 
operate as constraints on pricing proprietary data products.
    Joint Product Nature of Exchange Platform. Transaction execution 
and proprietary data products are complementary in that market data is 
both an input and a byproduct of the execution service. In fact, market 
data and trade executions are a paradigmatic example of joint products 
with joint costs. The decision whether and on which platform to post an 
order will depend on the attributes of the platforms where the order 
can be posted, including the execution fees, data quality, and price 
and distribution of their data products. The more trade executions a 
platform does, the more valuable its market data products become. The 
costs of producing market data include not only the costs of the data 
distribution infrastructure, but also the costs of designing, 
maintaining, and operating the exchange's transaction execution 
platform and the cost of regulating the exchange to ensure its fair 
operation and maintain investor confidence. The total return that a 
trading platform earns reflects the revenues it receives from both 
products and the joint costs it incurs. Moreover, an exchange's broker-
dealer customers view the costs of transaction executions and market 
data as a unified cost of doing business with the exchange.
    Analyzing the cost of market data product production and 
distribution in isolation from the cost of all of the inputs supporting 
the creation of market data and market data products will inevitably 
underestimate the cost of the data and data products. Thus, because it 
is impossible to obtain the data inputs to create market data products 
without a fast, technologically robust, and well-regulated execution 
system, system costs and regulatory costs affect the price of both 
obtaining the market data itself and creating and distributing market 
data products. It would be equally misleading, however, to attribute 
all of an exchange's costs to the market data portion of an exchange's 
joint products. Rather, all of an exchange's costs are incurred for the 
unified purposes of attracting order flow, executing and/or routing 
orders, and generating and selling data about market activity. The 
total return that an exchange earns reflects the revenues it receives 
from the joint products and the total costs of the joint products.
    The level of competition and contestability in the market is 
evident in the numerous alternative venues that compete for order flow, 
including 15 options self-regulatory organization (``SRO'') markets, as 
well as internalizing broker-dealers (``BDs'') and various forms of 
alternative trading systems (``ATSs''), including dark pools and 
electronic communication networks (``ECNs''). Competition among trading 
platforms can be expected to constrain the aggregate return that each 
platform earns from the sale of its joint products, but different 
platforms may choose from a range of possible, and equally reasonable, 
pricing strategies as the means of recovering total costs. For example, 
some platforms may choose to pay rebates to attract orders, charge 
relatively low prices for market data products (or provide market data 
products free of charge), and charge relatively high prices for 
accessing posted liquidity. Other platforms may choose a strategy of 
paying lower rebates (or no rebates) to attract orders, setting 
relatively high prices for market data products, and setting relatively 
low prices for accessing posted liquidity. In this environment, there 
is no economic basis for regulating maximum prices for one of the joint 
products in an industry in which suppliers face competitive constraints 
with regard to the joint offering.
    The Existence of Alternatives. The Exchange is constrained in 
pricing the BBO, Book Depth and COB Data Feeds by the availability to 
market participants of alternatives to purchasing these products. The 
Exchange must consider the extent to which market participants would 
choose one or more alternatives instead of purchasing the exchange's 
data. Other options exchanges can and have produced their own top-of-
book, book depth and complex strategies market data products, and thus 
are sources of potential competition for CDS. For example, as noted 
above, ISE and PHLX offer market data products that compete with the 
BBO, Book Depth and COB Data Feeds. The large number of SROs, BDs, and 
ATSs that currently produce proprietary data or are currently capable 
of producing it provides further pricing discipline for proprietary 
data products. Each SRO, ATS, and BD is currently permitted to produce 
proprietary data products, and many currently do. In addition, the OPRA 
data feed is a significant competitive alternative to the BBO and

[[Page 6279]]

last sale data included in the BBO and Book Depth Data Feeds.
    The existence of numerous alternatives to the Exchange's products, 
including proprietary data from other sources, ensures that the 
Exchange cannot set unreasonable fees, or fees that are unreasonably 
discriminatory, when vendors and subscribers can elect these 
alternatives or choose not to purchase a specific proprietary data 
product if its cost to purchase is not justified by the returns any 
particular vendor or subscriber would achieve through the purchase.

C. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement on Comments on the Proposed 
Rule Change Received From Members, Participants, or Others

    The Exchange has neither solicited nor received written comments on 
the proposed rule change.

III. Date of Effectiveness of the Proposed Rule Change and Timing for 
Commission Action

    The foregoing rule change has become effective pursuant to Section 
19(b)(3)(A) of the Act \22\ and paragraph (f) of Rule 19b-4 \23\ 
thereunder. At any time within 60 days of the filing of the proposed 
rule change, the Commission summarily may temporarily suspend such rule 
change if it appears to the Commission that such action is necessary or 
appropriate in the public interest, for the protection of investors, or 
otherwise in furtherance of the purposes of the Act. If the Commission 
takes such action, the Commission will institute proceedings to 
determine whether the proposed rule change should be approved or 
disapproved.
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    \22\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(3)(A).
    \23\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4(f).
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IV. Solicitation of Comments

    Interested persons are invited to submit written data, views, and 
arguments concerning the foregoing, including whether the proposed rule 
change is consistent with the Act. Comments may be submitted by any of 
the following methods:

Electronic Comments

     Use the Commission's internet comment form (http://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml); or
     Send an email to [email protected]. Please include 
File Number SR-C2-2018-002 on the subject line.

Paper Comments

     Send paper comments in triplicate to Secretary, Securities 
and Exchange Commission, 100 F Street NE, Washington, DC 20549-1090.

All submissions should refer to File Number SR-C2-2018-002. This file 
number should be included on the subject line if email is used. To help 
the Commission process and review your comments more efficiently, 
please use only one method. The Commission will post all comments on 
the Commission's internet website (http://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml). 
Copies of the submission, all subsequent amendments, all written 
statements with respect to the proposed rule change that are filed with 
the Commission, and all written communications relating to the proposed 
rule change between the Commission and any person, other than those 
that may be withheld from the public in accordance with the provisions 
of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be available for website viewing and printing in 
the Commission's Public Reference Room, 100 F Street NE, Washington, DC 
20549, on official business days between the hours of 10:00 a.m. and 
3:00 p.m. Copies of the filing also will be available for inspection 
and copying at the principal office of the Exchange. All comments 
received will be posted without change. Persons submitting comments are 
cautioned that we do not redact or edit personal identifying 
information from comment submissions. You should submit only 
information that you wish to make available publicly. All submissions 
should refer to File Number SR-C2-2018-002 and should be submitted on 
or before March 6, 2018.

    For the Commission, by the Division of Trading and Markets, 
pursuant to delegated authority.\24\
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    \24\ 17 CFR 200.30-3(a)(12).
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Eduardo A. Aleman,
Assistant Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2018-02858 Filed 2-12-18; 8:45 am]
 BILLING CODE 8011-01-P



                                                                            Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 30 / Tuesday, February 13, 2018 / Notices                                                  6275

                                                CATEGORIES OF INDIVIDUALS COVERED BY THE                U.S.C. 3301, (et seq.) or a PBGC records              EXEMPTIONS PROMULGATED FOR THE SYSTEM:
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                                                scientific and financial studies; IP                    with PBGC’s security program to protect               Fees
                                                information; cookies (session and                       the confidentiality, integrity, and
                                                                                                        availability of the information, and to               February 7, 2018.
                                                persistent); and, internet protocol (IP)
                                                addresses.                                              ensure that records are not disclosed to                 Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the
                                                                                                        or accessed by unauthorized                           Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the
                                                RECORD SOURCE CATEGORIES:
                                                                                                        individuals.                                          ‘‘Act’’),1 and Rule 19b–4 thereunder,2
                                                  Individuals commenting on agency                        Electronic records are stored on                    notice is hereby given that on January
                                                rulemaking; individuals contacting                      computer networks, which may include                  30, 2018, Cboe C2 Exchange, Inc. (the
                                                PBGC via the agency website.                            cloud-based systems, and protected by                 ‘‘Exchange’’ or ‘‘C2’’) filed with the
                                                                                                        controlled access with Personal Identity              Securities and Exchange Commission
                                                ROUTINE USES OF RECORDS MAINTAINED IN THE                                                                     (the ‘‘Commission’’) the proposed rule
                                                SYSTEM, INCLUDING CATEGORIES OF USERS AND               Verification (PIV) cards, assigning user
                                                                                                        accounts to individuals needing access                change as described in Items I, II, and
                                                THE PURPOSES OF SUCH USES:
                                                                                                        to the records and by passwords set by                III below, which Items have been
                                                  Information about covered                                                                                   prepared by the Exchange. The
                                                individuals may be disclosed without                    authorized users that must be changed
                                                                                                        periodically.                                         Commission is publishing this notice to
                                                consent as permitted by the Privacy Act                                                                       solicit comments on the proposed rule
                                                of 1974, 5 U.S.C. 522a(b), and:                         RECORD ACCESS PROCEDURES:                             change from interested persons.
                                                  1. General Routine Uses G1 through                      Individuals, or third parties with
                                                G14 apply to this system of records (see                                                                      I. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
                                                                                                        written authorization from the                        Statement of the Terms of Substance of
                                                Prefatory Statement of General Routine                  individual, wishing to request access to
                                                Uses).                                                                                                        the Proposed Rule Change
                                                                                                        their records in accordance with 29 CFR
                                                  2. Information, including personally                                                                           The Exchange proposes to amend the
                                                                                                        4902.4, should submit a written request
                                                identifiable information (PII), contained                                                                     Cboe Data Services (‘‘CDS’’) fee
                                                                                                        to the Disclosure Officer, PBGC, 1200 K
                                                in comments about agency rulemaking,                                                                          schedule to increase the fees for the
                                                                                                        Street NW, Washington, DC 20005,
                                                whether submitted through pbgc.gov or                                                                         BBO, Book Depth, and Complex Order
                                                                                                        providing their name, address, date of
                                                regulations.gov, may be published to the                                                                      Book (‘‘COB’’) data feeds.
                                                                                                        birth, and verification of their identity
                                                PBGC website.                                                                                                    The text of the proposed rule change
                                                                                                        in accordance with 29 CFR 4902.3(c).
                                                POLICIES AND PRACTICES FOR STORAGE OF
                                                                                                                                                              is also available on the Exchange’s
                                                                                                        CONTESTING RECORD PROCEDURES:                         website (http://www.c2exchange.com/
                                                RECORDS:
                                                                                                          Individuals, or third parties with                  Legal/), at the Exchange’s Office of the
                                                  Records are maintained in electronic
                                                                                                        written authorization from the                        Secretary, and at the Commission’s
                                                form (including computer databases or
                                                                                                        individual, wishing to amend their                    Public Reference Room.
                                                discs). Records may also be maintained
                                                on back-up tapes, or on a PBGC or a                     records must submit a written request
                                                                                                                                                              II. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
                                                contractor-hosted network.                              identifying the information they wish to
                                                                                                                                                              Statement of the Purpose of, and
                                                                                                        correct in their file, in addition to
                                                                                                                                                              Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule
                                                POLICIES AND PRACTICES FOR RETRIEVAL OF                 following the requirements of the
                                                                                                                                                              Change
                                                RECORDS:                                                Record Access Procedure above.
                                                  Information from this system may be                                                                           In its filing with the Commission, the
                                                                                                        NOTIFICATION PROCEDURES:                              Exchange included statements
                                                retrieved by numerous data elements
                                                and key word searches, including, but                     Individuals, or third parties with                  concerning the purpose of and basis for
                                                not limited to name, dates, subject, and                written authorization from the                        the proposed rule change and discussed
                                                other information retrievable with full-                individual, wishing to learn whether                  any comments it received on the
                                                                                                        this system of records contains
sradovich on DSK3GMQ082PROD with NOTICES




                                                text searching capability.                                                                                    proposed rule change. The text of these
                                                                                                        information about them should submit a                statements may be examined at the
                                                POLICIES AND PRACTICES FOR RETENTION AND                written request to the Disclosure Officer,            places specified in Item IV below. The
                                                DISPOSAL OF RECORDS:                                    PBGC, 1200 K Street NW, Washington,                   Exchange has prepared summaries, set
                                                  Records are maintained and destroyed                  DC 20005, providing their name,                       forth in sections A, B, and C below, of
                                                in accordance with the National                         address, date of birth, and verification of
                                                Archives and Record Administration’s                    their identity in accordance with 29                    1 15   U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
                                                (NARA) Basic Laws and Authorities (44                   CFR 4902.3(c).                                          2 17   CFR 240.19b–4.



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                                                6276                         Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 30 / Tuesday, February 13, 2018 / Notices

                                                the most significant aspects of such                     Customer receiving the BBO and/or                        lower than, that of similar data feeds
                                                statements.                                              Book Depth data feeds from another                       offered by other exchanges. The
                                                                                                         Customer is assessed the Data Fee by                     Exchange is not proposing to amend the
                                                A. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
                                                                                                         CDS pursuant to its own market data                      User Fee for either the COB data feed.
                                                Statement of the Purpose of, and
                                                                                                         agreement with CDS, and is entitled to                   The Data Fee for the COB Data Feed
                                                Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule
                                                                                                         use the Data internally and/or distribute                would continue to be waived for
                                                Change
                                                                                                         it externally.5 All Customers have the                   Customers of the BBO and/or Book
                                                1. Purpose                                               same rights to utilize the data internally               Depth data feeds.10
                                                   The Exchange proposes to amend the                    and/or distribute it externally as long as               Implementation Date
                                                CDS fee schedule to increase the fees for                the Customer has entered into a written
                                                                                                         agreement with CDS for the data and                        The Exchange intends to implement
                                                the BBO, Book Depth, and COB data
                                                                                                         pays the Data Fee.                                       the proposed fees on February 1, 2018.
                                                feeds.
                                                                                                            The Exchange proposes to increase                     2. Statutory Basis
                                                BBO and Book Depth Data Feed                             the Data Fee for both the BBO and Book
                                                                                                         Depth data feeds from $1,500 per month                      The Exchange believes that the
                                                   The BBO Data Feed is a real-time data
                                                                                                         to $2,500 per month.6 The Exchange is                    proposed rule change is consistent with
                                                feed that includes the following
                                                                                                         not proposing to amend the User Fee for                  the objectives of Section 6 of the Act,11
                                                information: (i) Outstanding quotes and
                                                                                                         either the BBO or Book Depth data                        in general, and furthers the objectives of
                                                standing orders at the best available
                                                                                                         feeds. The Data Fee for the Book Depth                   Section 6(b)(4),12 in particular, as it is
                                                price level on each side of the market;
                                                                                                         data feed will continue to be waived for                 designed to provide for the equitable
                                                (ii) executed trades time, size, and price;
                                                                                                                                                                  allocation of reasonable dues, fees and
                                                (iii) totals of customer versus non-                     Customers who also purchase the
                                                                                                                                                                  other charges among its members and
                                                customer contracts at the best bid and                   companion BBO data feed.7
                                                                                                                                                                  other recipients of Exchange data. The
                                                offer (‘‘BBO’’); (iv) all-or-none
                                                                                                         COB Data Feed                                            Exchange believes that the proposed
                                                contingency orders priced better than or
                                                                                                            The COB Data Feed is a real-time data                 rates are equitable and non-
                                                equal to the BBO; (v) expected opening
                                                                                                         feed that includes data regarding the                    discriminatory in that they apply
                                                price and expected opening size; (vi)
                                                                                                         Exchange’s Complex Order Book and                        uniformly to all recipients of Exchange
                                                end-of-day summaries by product,
                                                                                                         related complex order information. The                   data. The Exchange believes the
                                                including open, high, low, and closing
                                                                                                         COB Data Feed contains the following                     proposed fees are competitive with
                                                price during the trading session; (vi)
                                                                                                         information for all Exchange-traded                      those charged by other venues and,
                                                recap messages any time there is a
                                                                                                         complex order strategies (multi-leg                      therefore, reasonable and equitably
                                                change in the open, high, low or last
                                                                                                         strategies such as spreads, straddles and                allocated to recipients.
                                                sale price of a listed option; (vii) COB                                                                             The Exchange believes that the
                                                information; and (viii) product IDs and                  buy-writes): (i) Outstanding quotes and
                                                                                                                                                                  proposed rule change is consistent with
                                                codes for all listed options contracts.                  standing orders on each side of the
                                                                                                                                                                  Section 11(A) of the Act 13 in that it
                                                The quote and last sale data contained                   market with aggregate size, (ii) data with
                                                                                                                                                                  supports (i) fair competition among
                                                in the BBO data feed is identical to the                 respect to executed trades (‘‘last sale
                                                                                                                                                                  brokers and dealers, among exchange
                                                data sent to the Options Price Reporting                 data’’), and (iii) totals of customer
                                                                                                                                                                  markets, and between exchange markets
                                                Authority (‘‘OPRA’’) for redistribution                  versus non-customer contracts.
                                                                                                            CDS currently charges Customers 8 of                  and markets other than exchange
                                                to the public.                                                                                                    markets and (ii) the availability to
                                                   The Book Depth Data Feed is a real-                   the COB Data Feed a Data Fee of $100
                                                                                                                                                                  brokers, dealers, and investors of
                                                time, low latency data feed that includes                per month plus applicable User Fees.
                                                                                                                                                                  information with respect to quotations
                                                all data contained in the BBO Data Feed                  The Exchange now proposes to increase
                                                                                                                                                                  for and transactions in securities.
                                                described above plus outstanding quotes                  the Data Fee for the COB data feed from
                                                                                                                                                                  Furthermore, the proposed rule change
                                                and standing orders up to the first four                 $100 to $1,000 per month.9 The
                                                                                                                                                                  is consistent with Rule 603 of
                                                price levels on each side of the market,                 Exchange proposes to increase the fee
                                                                                                                                                                  Regulation NMS,14 which provides that
                                                with aggregate size (‘‘Book Depth’’).                    for the COB data feed to bring the cost
                                                   CDS currently charges a Data Fee,                                                                              any national securities exchange that
                                                                                                         of the data feed in line with, but still
                                                payable by a Customer, of $1,500 per                                                                              distributes information with respect to
                                                month for internal use and external                         5 A Customer may choose to receive the data from
                                                                                                                                                                  quotations for or transactions in an NMS
                                                redistribution of the BBO and/or Book                    another Customer rather than directly from CDS’s         stock do so on terms that are not
                                                Depth data feeds.3 The Data Fee entitles                 system because it does not want to or is not             unreasonably discriminatory. In
                                                a Customer to provide the BBO and/or
                                                                                                         equipped to manage the technology necessary to           adopting Regulation NMS, the
                                                                                                         establish a direct connection to CDS.                    Commission granted self-regulatory
                                                the Book Depth data feed to an                              6 The Exchange also proposes to remove reference

                                                unlimited number of internal users and                   in the BBO and Depth Book fees to the existing fees
                                                                                                                                                                  organizations and broker-dealers
                                                Devices 4 within the Customer. A                         becoming effective on January 1, 2017.                   increased authority and flexibility to
                                                                                                            7 Such COB Data Feed Customers are still subject      offer new and unique market data to the
                                                   3 A BBO Data Feed ‘‘Customer’’ is any person,         to User Fees.                                            public. It was believed that this
                                                company or other entity that, pursuant to a market
                                                                                                            8 A Customer is any person, company or other
                                                                                                                                                                  authority would expand the amount of
                                                data agreement with CDS, is entitled to receive data,    entity that, pursuant to a market data agreement         data available to consumers, and also
                                                either directly from CDS or through an authorized        with CDS, is entitled to receive data, either directly
                                                                                                         from CDS or through an authorized redistributor          spur innovation and competition for the
                                                redistributor (i.e., a Customer or an extranet service
                                                provider), whether that data is distributed              (i.e., a Customer or an extranet service provider),      provision of market data.
                                                externally or used internally. The CDS fee schedule      whether that data is distributed externally or used         In addition, the proposed fees would
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                                                for Exchange data is located at https://                 internally. The CDS fee schedule for Exchange data       not permit unfair discrimination
                                                www.cboe.org/general-info/pdfframed?content=/            is located at https://www.cboe.org/general-info/
                                                publish/mdxfees/cboe-cds-fees-schedule-for-cboe-         pdfframed?content=/publish/mdxfees/cboe-cds-
                                                                                                                                                                    10 Such COB Data Feed Customers are still subject
                                                datafeeds.pdf&section=SEC_MDX_CSM&                       fees-schedule-for-cboe-datafeeds.pdf&section=SEC_
                                                title=Cboe%20CDS%20Fees%20Schedule.                      MDX_CSM&title=Cboe%20CDS%20Fees                          to User Fees.
                                                                                                                                                                    11 15 U.S.C. 78f.
                                                   4 A ‘‘Device’’ means any computer, workstation or     %20Schedule.
                                                                                                            9 The Exchange also proposes to remove                  12 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(4).
                                                other item of equipment, fixed or portable, that
                                                                                                                                                                    13 15 U.S.C. 78k–1.
                                                receives, accesses and/or displays data in visual,       references to the existing fee becoming effective on
                                                audible or other form.                                   January 1, 2017.                                           14 17 CFR 242.603.




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                                                                             Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 30 / Tuesday, February 13, 2018 / Notices                                                          6277

                                                because all of the Exchange’s customers                  BBO Data Feed                                            believes the proposed Data Fee is
                                                and market data vendors who subscribe                       The Exchange believes the proposed                    reasonable because it is lower than fees
                                                to the above data feeds will be subject                  increase in the Data Fee for BBO data is                 that other markets charge for similar
                                                to the proposed fees. The above data                     equitable and not unfairly                               products. For example, PHLX charges
                                                feeds are distributed and purchased on                   discriminatory because it would apply                    Internal Distributors a monthly fee of
                                                a voluntary basis, in that neither the                   equally to all Customers. The Exchange                   $4,000 and External Distributors a
                                                Exchange nor market data distributors                    believes the proposed Data Fee is                        monthly fee of a $4,500 for its Depth
                                                are required by any rule or regulation                   reasonable because it is lower than fees                 data feed that includes full depth of
                                                purchase this data or to make this data                  that other markets charge for similar                    quotes and orders and last sale data for
                                                available. Accordingly, distributors and                 products. For example, Nasdaq PHLX                       options listed on PHLX.18 In addition,
                                                users can discontinue use at any time                    LLC (‘‘PHLX’’) charges Internal                          ISE charges a $5,000 per month
                                                and for any reason, including due to an                  Distributors a monthly fee of $4,500 per                 distributor fee for its Real-time Depth of
                                                assessment of the reasonableness of fees                 organization and External Distributors a                 Market data feed.19 The Exchange also
                                                charged. Firms have a wide variety of                    monthly fee of $5,000 per organization                   notes that Customers who receive the
                                                alternative market data products from                    for its ‘‘TOPO Plus Orders’’ data feed,                  Book Depth feed may also receive the
                                                which to choose, such as similar                         which like the BBO Data Feed includes                    BBO and COB data feeds at no extra
                                                proprietary data products offered by                     top-of-book data (including orders,                      charge. The Exchange believes the
                                                other exchanges and consolidated data.                   quotes and trades) and other market                      proposed rate is reasonable based on the
                                                Moreover, the Exchange is not required                   data.16 Nasdaq ISE, LLC (‘‘ISE’’) offers a               value of the market data included in the
                                                to make any proprietary data products                    ‘‘Top Quote Feed’’, which includes top-                  BBO feed and the market share that the
                                                available or to offer any specific pricing               of-book data, and a separate ‘‘Spread                    data represents.
                                                alternatives to any customers.                           Feed’’, which like the BBO Data Feed                     COB Data Feed
                                                   In addition, the fees that are the                    includes order and quote data for
                                                subject of this rule filing are constrained                                                                          The Exchange believes the proposed
                                                                                                         complex strategies. ISE charges
                                                by competition. As explained below in                                                                             Data Fee for the COB Data Feed is
                                                                                                         distributors of its Top Quote Feed a base
                                                the Exchange’s Statement on Burden on                                                                             equitable, reasonable, and not unfairly
                                                                                                         monthly fee of $3,000 and distributors
                                                Competition, the existence of                                                                                     discriminatory because they would
                                                                                                         of its Spread Feed a base monthly fee of
                                                alternatives to the above data feeds                                                                              apply equally to all Customers of the
                                                                                                         $3,000 17 (totally $6,000 in the aggregate
                                                further ensure that the Exchange cannot                                                                           COB Data Feed. The Exchange proposes
                                                                                                         to receive the same data as offered by
                                                set unreasonable fees, or fees that are                                                                           to increase the fee for the COB data feed
                                                                                                         the BBO feed). The Exchange believes
                                                unreasonably discriminatory, when                                                                                 to bring the cost of the data feed in line
                                                                                                         the proposed rate is reasonable based on
                                                vendors and subscribers can elect such                                                                            with, but still lower than, that of similar
                                                                                                         the value of the market data included in
                                                alternatives. That is, the Exchange                                                                               data feeds offered by other exchanges.
                                                                                                         the BBO feed and the market share that
                                                competes with other exchanges (and                                                                                For example, ISE charges distributors of
                                                                                                         the data represents. The Exchange also
                                                                                                                                                                  its Spread Feed a base monthly fee of
                                                their affiliates) that provide similar                   notes that Customers who receive the
                                                                                                                                                                  $3,000,20 equal to what the Exchange
                                                market data products. For example, the                   BBO feed may also receive the Book
                                                                                                                                                                  proposes to charge for the COB data
                                                above data feeds provide investors with                  Depth and COB data feeds at no extra
                                                                                                                                                                  feed. The Exchange also notes that
                                                alternative market data and competes                     charge.
                                                                                                                                                                  Customers who receive the BBO and
                                                with similar market data product
                                                                                                         Book Depth Data Feed                                     Book Depth feeds may also receive the
                                                currently offered by other exchanges. If
                                                                                                            The Exchange believes the proposed                    COB data feed at no extra charge. The
                                                another exchange (or its affiliate) were
                                                                                                         Data Fee for the Book Depth Data Feed                    Exchange believes the proposed rate is
                                                to charge less to distribute its similar
                                                                                                         is equitable and not unfairly                            reasonable based on the value of the
                                                product than the Exchange charges for
                                                                                                         discriminatory because it would apply                    market data included in the COB feed
                                                the above data feeds, prospective users                                                                           and the market share that the data
                                                likely would not subscribe to, or would                  equally to all Customers. The Exchange
                                                                                                                                                                  represents.
                                                cease subscribing to either market data
                                                product.                                                 a fair rate of return, and the industry could            B. Self-Regulatory Organization’s
                                                                                                         experience frequent rate increases based on
                                                   The Exchange notes that the                           escalating expense levels. Even in industries
                                                                                                                                                                  Statement on Burden on Competition
                                                Commission is not required to                            historically subject to utility regulation, cost-based     The Exchange does not believe that
                                                undertake a cost-of-service or rate-                     ratemaking has been discredited. As such, the            the proposed rule change will result in
                                                making approach. The Exchange                            Exchange believes that cost-based ratemaking
                                                                                                         would be inappropriate for proprietary market data       any burden on competition that is not
                                                believes that, even if it were possible as               and inconsistent with Congress’s direction that the      necessary or appropriate in furtherance
                                                a matter of economic theory, cost-based                  Commission use its authority to foster the               of the purposes of the Act, as amended.
                                                pricing for non-core market data would                   development of the national market system, and           The Exchange’s ability to price the BBO,
                                                be so complicated that it could not be                   that market forces will continue to provide
                                                                                                         appropriate pricing discipline. See Appendix C to        Book Depth, ad COB data feeds is
                                                done practically.15                                      NYSE’s comments to the Commission’s 2000                 constrained by: (i) Competition among
                                                                                                         Concept Release on the Regulation of Market              exchanges that compete with each other
                                                   15 The Exchange believes that cost-based pricing      Information Fees and Revenues, which can be
                                                                                                         found on the Commission’s website at http://
                                                                                                                                                                  in a variety of dimensions; (ii) the
                                                would be impractical because it would create
                                                enormous administrative burdens for all parties,         www.sec.gov/rules/concept/s72899/buck1.htm. See          existence of inexpensive real-time
                                                including the Commission, to cost-regulate a large       also Securities Exchange Act Release No. 73816           consolidated data and market-specific
                                                number of participants and standardize and analyze       (December 11, 2014), 79 FR 75200 (December 17,           data and free delayed data; and (iii) the
sradovich on DSK3GMQ082PROD with NOTICES




                                                extraordinary amounts of information, accounts,          2014) (SR–NYSE–2014–64) (Notice of Filing and
                                                                                                         Immediate Effectiveness of Proposed Rule Change
                                                                                                                                                                  inherent contestability of the market for
                                                and reports. In addition, it is impossible to regulate
                                                market data prices in isolation from prices charged      to Establish an Access Fee for the NYSE Best Quote       proprietary data.
                                                by markets for other services that are joint products.   and Trades Data Feed, Operative December 1,
                                                Cost-based rate regulation would also lead to            2014).                                                     18 See   supra note 16.
                                                                                                            16 See Section IX of the PHLX Pricing Schedule          19 See   Section VIII(f) of the Nasdaq ISE Schedule
                                                litigation and may distort incentives, including
                                                those to minimize costs and to innovate, leading to      (setting forth the fees for proprietary market data).    of Fees.
                                                further waste. Under cost-based pricing, the                17 See Sections VIII(h) and (I) of the Nasdaq ISE       20 See Sections VIII(I) of the Nasdaq ISE Schedule

                                                Commission would be burdened with determining            Schedule of Fees.                                        of Fees.



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                                                6278                         Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 30 / Tuesday, February 13, 2018 / Notices

                                                   An exchange’s ability to price its                    to offer the BBO, Book Depth or COB                  and generating and selling data about
                                                proprietary data feed products is                        Data Feeds to its retail customers unless            market activity. The total return that an
                                                constrained by (1) the existence of                      the broker-dealer believes that the retail           exchange earns reflects the revenues it
                                                actual competition for the sale of such                  customers will use and value the data                receives from the joint products and the
                                                data, (2) the joint product nature of                    and the provision of such data will help             total costs of the joint products.
                                                exchange platforms, and (3) the                          the broker-dealer maintain the customer                 The level of competition and
                                                existence of alternatives to proprietary                 relationship, which allows the broker-               contestability in the market is evident in
                                                data.                                                    dealer to generate profits for itself.               the numerous alternative venues that
                                                   The Existence of Actual Competition.                  Professional users will not request any              compete for order flow, including 15
                                                The Exchange believes competition                        of these feeds from Customers unless                 options self-regulatory organization
                                                provides an effective constraint on the                  they can use the data for profit-                    (‘‘SRO’’) markets, as well as
                                                market data fees that the Exchange,                      generating purposes in their businesses.             internalizing broker-dealers (‘‘BDs’’) and
                                                through CDS, has the ability and the                     All of these operate as constraints on               various forms of alternative trading
                                                incentive to charge. The Exchange has a                  pricing proprietary data products.                   systems (‘‘ATSs’’), including dark pools
                                                compelling need to attract order flow                       Joint Product Nature of Exchange                  and electronic communication networks
                                                from market participants in order to                     Platform. Transaction execution and                  (‘‘ECNs’’). Competition among trading
                                                maintain its share of trading volume.                    proprietary data products are                        platforms can be expected to constrain
                                                This compelling need to attract order                    complementary in that market data is                 the aggregate return that each platform
                                                flow imposes significant pressure on the                 both an input and a byproduct of the                 earns from the sale of its joint products,
                                                Exchange to act reasonably in setting its                execution service. In fact, market data              but different platforms may choose from
                                                fees for market data, particularly given                 and trade executions are a paradigmatic              a range of possible, and equally
                                                that the market participants that will                   example of joint products with joint                 reasonable, pricing strategies as the
                                                pay such fees often will be the same                     costs. The decision whether and on                   means of recovering total costs. For
                                                market participants from whom the                        which platform to post an order will                 example, some platforms may choose to
                                                Exchange must attract order flow. These                  depend on the attributes of the                      pay rebates to attract orders, charge
                                                market participants include broker-                      platforms where the order can be                     relatively low prices for market data
                                                dealers that control the handling of a                   posted, including the execution fees,                products (or provide market data
                                                large volume of customer and                             data quality, and price and distribution             products free of charge), and charge
                                                proprietary order flow. Given the                        of their data products. The more trade               relatively high prices for accessing
                                                portability of order flow from one                       executions a platform does, the more                 posted liquidity. Other platforms may
                                                exchange to another, any exchange that                   valuable its market data products                    choose a strategy of paying lower
                                                sought to charge unreasonably high data                  become. The costs of producing market                rebates (or no rebates) to attract orders,
                                                fees would risk alienating many of the                   data include not only the costs of the               setting relatively high prices for market
                                                same customers on whose orders it                        data distribution infrastructure, but also           data products, and setting relatively low
                                                depends for competitive survival. The                    the costs of designing, maintaining, and             prices for accessing posted liquidity. In
                                                Exchange currently competes with                         operating the exchange’s transaction                 this environment, there is no economic
                                                fourteen options exchanges (including                    execution platform and the cost of                   basis for regulating maximum prices for
                                                its affiliate, C2) for order flow.21                     regulating the exchange to ensure its fair           one of the joint products in an industry
                                                   In addition, in the case of products                  operation and maintain investor                      in which suppliers face competitive
                                                that are distributed through market data                 confidence. The total return that a                  constraints with regard to the joint
                                                vendors, the market data vendors                         trading platform earns reflects the                  offering.
                                                themselves provide additional price                      revenues it receives from both products                 The Existence of Alternatives. The
                                                discipline for proprietary data products                 and the joint costs it incurs. Moreover,             Exchange is constrained in pricing the
                                                because they control the primary means                   an exchange’s broker-dealer customers                BBO, Book Depth and COB Data Feeds
                                                of access to certain end users. These                    view the costs of transaction executions             by the availability to market participants
                                                vendors impose price discipline based                    and market data as a unified cost of                 of alternatives to purchasing these
                                                upon their business models. For                          doing business with the exchange.                    products. The Exchange must consider
                                                example, vendors that assess a                              Analyzing the cost of market data                 the extent to which market participants
                                                surcharge on data they sell are able to                  product production and distribution in               would choose one or more alternatives
                                                refuse to offer proprietary products that                isolation from the cost of all of the                instead of purchasing the exchange’s
                                                their end users do not or will not                       inputs supporting the creation of market             data. Other options exchanges can and
                                                purchase in sufficient numbers. Internet                 data and market data products will                   have produced their own top-of-book,
                                                portals, such as Google, impose price                    inevitably underestimate the cost of the             book depth and complex strategies
                                                discipline by providing only data that                   data and data products. Thus, because it             market data products, and thus are
                                                they believe will enable them to attract                 is impossible to obtain the data inputs              sources of potential competition for
                                                ‘‘eyeballs’’ that contribute to their                    to create market data products without               CDS. For example, as noted above, ISE
                                                advertising revenue. Similarly,                          a fast, technologically robust, and well-            and PHLX offer market data products
                                                Customers will not offer the BBO, Book                   regulated execution system, system                   that compete with the BBO, Book Depth
                                                Depth or COB Data Feeds unless these                     costs and regulatory costs affect the                and COB Data Feeds. The large number
                                                products will help them maintain                         price of both obtaining the market data              of SROs, BDs, and ATSs that currently
                                                current users or attract new ones. For                   itself and creating and distributing                 produce proprietary data or are
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                                                example, a broker-dealer will not choose                 market data products. It would be                    currently capable of producing it
                                                                                                         equally misleading, however, to                      provides further pricing discipline for
                                                  21 The Commission has previously made a finding        attribute all of an exchange’s costs to the          proprietary data products. Each SRO,
                                                that the options industry is subject to significant      market data portion of an exchange’s                 ATS, and BD is currently permitted to
                                                competitive forces. See e.g., Securities Exchange        joint products. Rather, all of an                    produce proprietary data products, and
                                                Act Release No. 59949 (May 20, 2009), 74 FR 25593
                                                (May 28, 2009) (SR–ISE–2009–97) (order approving
                                                                                                         exchange’s costs are incurred for the                many currently do. In addition, the
                                                ISE’s proposal to establish fees for a real-time depth   unified purposes of attracting order                 OPRA data feed is a significant
                                                of market data offering).                                flow, executing and/or routing orders,               competitive alternative to the BBO and


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                                                                                 Federal Register / Vol. 83, No. 30 / Tuesday, February 13, 2018 / Notices                                           6279

                                                last sale data included in the BBO and                     All submissions should refer to File                   Street Reform and Consumer Protection
                                                Book Depth Data Feeds.                                     Number SR–C2–2018–002. This file                       Act of 2010, is providing notice that it
                                                   The existence of numerous                               number should be included on the                       will hold a public meeting. The public
                                                alternatives to the Exchange’s products,                   subject line if email is used. To help the             is invited to submit written statements
                                                including proprietary data from other                      Commission process and review your                     to the Committee.
                                                sources, ensures that the Exchange                         comments more efficiently, please use                  DATES: The meeting will be held on
                                                cannot set unreasonable fees, or fees                      only one method. The Commission will                   Thursday, March 8, 2018 from 9:30 a.m.
                                                that are unreasonably discriminatory,                      post all comments on the Commission’s                  until 4:15 p.m. (ET). Written statements
                                                when vendors and subscribers can elect                     internet website (http://www.sec.gov/                  should be received on or before March
                                                these alternatives or choose not to                        rules/sro.shtml). Copies of the                        8, 2018.
                                                purchase a specific proprietary data                       submission, all subsequent                             ADDRESSES: The meeting will be held in
                                                product if its cost to purchase is not                     amendments, all written statements                     Multi-Purpose Room LL–006 at the
                                                justified by the returns any particular                    with respect to the proposed rule                      Commission’s headquarters, 100 F
                                                vendor or subscriber would achieve                         change that are filed with the                         Street NE, Washington, DC 20549. The
                                                through the purchase.                                      Commission, and all written                            meeting will be webcast on the
                                                C. Self-Regulatory Organization’s                          communications relating to the                         Commission’s website at www.sec.gov.
                                                Statement on Comments on the                               proposed rule change between the                       Written statements may be submitted by
                                                Proposed Rule Change Received From                         Commission and any person, other than                  any of the following methods:
                                                Members, Participants, or Others                           those that may be withheld from the
                                                                                                           public in accordance with the                          Electronic Statements
                                                  The Exchange has neither solicited                       provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be                      D Use the Commission’s internet
                                                nor received written comments on the                       available for website viewing and                      submission form (http://www.sec.gov/
                                                proposed rule change.                                      printing in the Commission’s Public                    rules/other.shtml); or
                                                III. Date of Effectiveness of the                          Reference Room, 100 F Street NE,                         D Send an email message to rules-
                                                Proposed Rule Change and Timing for                        Washington, DC 20549, on official                      comments@sec.gov. Please include File
                                                Commission Action                                          business days between the hours of                     No. 265–28 on the subject line; or
                                                                                                           10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. Copies of the
                                                   The foregoing rule change has become                    filing also will be available for                      Paper Statements
                                                effective pursuant to Section 19(b)(3)(A)                  inspection and copying at the principal                  D Send paper statements to Brent J.
                                                of the Act 22 and paragraph (f) of Rule                    office of the Exchange. All comments
                                                19b–4 23 thereunder. At any time within                                                                           Fields, Secretary, Securities and
                                                                                                           received will be posted without change.                Exchange Commission, 100 F Street NE,
                                                60 days of the filing of the proposed rule                 Persons submitting comments are
                                                change, the Commission summarily may                                                                              Washington, DC 20549–1090.
                                                                                                           cautioned that we do not redact or edit                All submissions should refer to File No.
                                                temporarily suspend such rule change if                    personal identifying information from
                                                it appears to the Commission that such                                                                            265–28. This file number should be
                                                                                                           comment submissions. You should                        included on the subject line if email is
                                                action is necessary or appropriate in the                  submit only information that you wish
                                                public interest, for the protection of                                                                            used. To help us process and review
                                                                                                           to make available publicly. All                        your statement more efficiently, please
                                                investors, or otherwise in furtherance of
                                                                                                           submissions should refer to File                       use only one method.
                                                the purposes of the Act. If the
                                                                                                           Number SR–C2–2018–002 and should                         Statements also will be available for
                                                Commission takes such action, the
                                                                                                           be submitted on or before March 6,                     website viewing and printing in the
                                                Commission will institute proceedings
                                                                                                           2018.                                                  Commission’s Public Reference Room,
                                                to determine whether the proposed rule
                                                change should be approved or                                 For the Commission, by the Division of               100 F Street NE, Room 1503,
                                                disapproved.                                               Trading and Markets, pursuant to delegated             Washington, DC 20549, on official
                                                                                                           authority.24                                           business days between the hours of
                                                IV. Solicitation of Comments                               Eduardo A. Aleman,                                     10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. All statements
                                                  Interested persons are invited to                        Assistant Secretary.                                   received will be posted without change.
                                                submit written data, views, and                            [FR Doc. 2018–02858 Filed 2–12–18; 8:45 am]            Persons submitting comments are
                                                arguments concerning the foregoing,                        BILLING CODE 8011–01–P                                 cautioned that we do not redact or edit
                                                including whether the proposed rule                                                                               personal identifying information from
                                                change is consistent with the Act.                                                                                comment submissions. You should
                                                Comments may be submitted by any of                        SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE                                submit only information that you wish
                                                the following methods:                                     COMMISSION                                             to make available publicly.
                                                Electronic Comments                                        [Release Nos. 33–10456; 34–82656; File No.             FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
                                                                                                           265–28]                                                Marc Oorloff Sharma, Chief Counsel,
                                                  • Use the Commission’s internet                                                                                 Office of the Investor Advocate, at (202)
                                                comment form (http://www.sec.gov/                          Investor Advisory Committee Meeting                    551–3302, Securities and Exchange
                                                rules/sro.shtml); or                                                                                              Commission, 100 F Street NE,
                                                  • Send an email to rule-comments@                        AGENCY:  Securities and Exchange
                                                                                                           Commission.                                            Washington, DC 20549.
                                                sec.gov. Please include File Number SR–
                                                                                                                                                                  SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The
                                                C2–2018–002 on the subject line.                           ACTION: Notice of meeting of Securities
                                                                                                           and Exchange Commission Dodd-Frank                     meeting will be open to the public,
                                                Paper Comments                                                                                                    except during that portion of the
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                                                                                                           Investor Advisory Committee.
                                                  • Send paper comments in triplicate                                                                             meeting reserved for an administrative
                                                to Secretary, Securities and Exchange                      SUMMARY:  The Securities and Exchange                  work session during lunch. Persons
                                                Commission, 100 F Street NE,                               Commission Investor Advisory                           needing special accommodations to take
                                                Washington, DC 20549–1090.                                 Committee, established pursuant to                     part because of a disability should
                                                                                                           Section 911 of the Dodd-Frank Wall                     notify the contact person listed in the
                                                  22 15   U.S.C. 78s(b)(3)(A).                                                                                    section above entitled FOR FURTHER
                                                  23 17   CFR 240.19b–4(f).                                  24 17   CFR 200.30–3(a)(12).                         INFORMATION CONTACT.



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Document Created: 2018-02-13 02:32:08
Document Modified: 2018-02-13 02:32:08
CategoryRegulatory Information
CollectionFederal Register
sudoc ClassAE 2.7:
GS 4.107:
AE 2.106:
PublisherOffice of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Administration
SectionNotices
FR Citation83 FR 6275 

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