Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“Act”) ^[1] and Rule 19b-4 thereunder,^[2] notice is hereby given that on November 2, 2023, the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“Commission”) the proposed rule change as described in Items I, II, and III below, which Items have been prepared by FINRA. The Commission is publishing this notice to solicit comments on the proposed rule change from interested persons.

I. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Terms of Substance of the Proposed Rule Change

FINRA is proposing to (1) amend FINRA Rules 6710 and 6750 to provide that FINRA will disseminate information on individual transactions in U.S. Treasury Securities that are On-the-Run Nominal Coupons reported to FINRA's Trade Reporting and Compliance Engine (“TRACE”) on an end-of-day basis with specified dissemination caps for large trades, and (2) amend FINRA Rule 7730 to include U.S. Treasury Securities within the existing fee structure for end-of-day and historic TRACE data.

The text of the proposed rule change is available on FINRA's website at www.finra.org, at the principal office of FINRA and at the Commission's Public Reference Room.

II. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Purpose of, and Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule Change

In its filing with the Commission, FINRA included statements concerning the purpose of and basis for the proposed rule change and discussed any comments it received on the proposed rule change. The text of these statements may be examined at the places specified in Item IV below. FINRA has prepared summaries, set forth in sections A, B, and C below, of the most significant aspects of such statements.

A. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Purpose of, and Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule Change

1. Purpose

On July 10, 2017,^[3] FINRA members began reporting information on transactions in U.S. Treasury ( printed page 77389) Securities ^[4] to TRACE.^[5] In addition, pursuant to requirements adopted by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Federal Reserve Board”), on September 1, 2022, certain banks that are not FINRA members (“covered depository institutions”) began reporting information on transactions in specified fixed income securities, including U.S. Treasury Securities, to TRACE.^[6] Information reported to TRACE regarding individual transactions in U.S. Treasury Securities is currently used for regulatory and other official sector purposes only and is not disseminated publicly. FINRA makes the data regarding individual transactions in U.S. Treasury Securities available to the official sector to assist them in the monitoring and analysis of the U.S. Treasury Security markets.^[7]

Since the commencement of TRACE reporting for U.S. Treasury Securities, FINRA has actively studied the reported data and, in consultation with the Treasury Department, considered ways that it can enhance transparency in the U.S. Treasury Security market. On March 10, 2020, FINRA began posting on its website weekly, aggregate data on the trading volume of U.S. Treasury Securities reported to TRACE.^[8] In February 2023, FINRA increased the cadence of the aggregated volume data it publishes for U.S. Treasury Securities to daily, and enhanced the content of the aggregate data by adding trade counts and, for On-the-Run Nominal Coupons,^[9] volume-weighted average price information.^[10]

In remarks at the 2022 U.S. Treasury Market Conference,^[11] Under Secretary for Domestic Finance Liang proposed a policy of publicly releasing secondary market transaction data for On-the-Run Nominal Coupons, with end-of-day dissemination and with appropriate cap sizes. The Treasury Department's views on their policy proposal were informed by a range of inputs, including responses to a survey of the primary dealers, analysis and recommendations from the Treasury Borrowing Advisory Committee (“TBAC”),^[12] and public comments submitted in response to its Request for Information (“RFI”) on Additional Transparency for Secondary Market Transactions of Treasury Securities.^[13] The Treasury Department concluded that transaction-level transparency can provide important benefits for the U.S. Treasury Securities market, but should proceed in a gradual and calibrated manner to mitigate risks for large trades or for trades in less liquid segments of the U.S. Treasury Securities market. Accordingly, the Treasury Department recommended that the next step should be to release transaction data for On-the-Run Nominal Coupons, with end-of-day dissemination and appropriate cap sizes.^[14]

Consistent with the Treasury Department's proposed policy, and in furtherance of FINRA's mission as a national securities association to protect investors and promote market integrity, FINRA believes that providing transaction-level information for trades in On-the-Run Nominal Coupons, with end-of-day dissemination and appropriate cap sizes, is an appropriate next step to increase transparency in transactions in U.S. Treasury Securities. Accordingly, as described in more detail below and in consultation with the Treasury Department, FINRA is proposing to commence dissemination of individual transaction information at this time for On-the-Run Nominal Coupons,^[15] on an end-of-day basis with appropriate dissemination caps for large trades. The proposed rule change would not require any reporting changes by members or covered depository institutions.

Scope and Timing of Dissemination

Under Rule 6750(a), FINRA disseminates information on all transactions in TRACE-Eligible Securities,^[16] including transactions effected pursuant to Securities Act Rule 144A, immediately upon receipt of the transaction report, except as provided in paragraphs (b) and (c) of Rule 6750 (Dissemination of Transaction Information). In relevant part, current Rule 6750(c)(5) provides that FINRA will not disseminate information on a transaction in a TRACE-Eligible Security that is a U.S. Treasury Security.

Under the proposed rule change, FINRA would begin disseminating individual transaction information for On-the-Run Nominal Coupon U.S. Treasury Securities on an end-of-day basis. As for all individual TRACE transaction information that FINRA ( printed page 77390) disseminates, the disseminated transaction information for U.S. Treasury Securities would be anonymized, i.e., it would not include the market participant identifier (MPID) or other identifying information regarding the parties to the trade. However, consistent with other TRACE products, the disseminated transaction information would include counterparty type ( i.e., dealer, customer, affiliate, or alternative trading system (“ATS”)), a flag to indicate whether the trade was executed on an ATS, and other trade modifiers and indicators. To implement such dissemination, FINRA is proposing to amend Rule 6750(c)(5) (to be redesignated as Rule 6750(d)(5)) to provide that FINRA will not disseminate information on a transaction in a TRACE-Eligible Security that is a U.S. Treasury Security “other than an On-the-Run Nominal Coupon,” and to add a new paragraph (c) to Rule 6750 providing that FINRA will disseminate information on individual transactions in On-the-Run Nominal Coupons on an end-of-day basis.^[17] Consistent with the Treasury Department's proposed policy, these proposed amendments to Rule 6750 would provide for FINRA to disseminate information on individual transactions in U.S. Treasury Securities on an end-of-day basis only, rather than immediately upon receipt of the transaction report, and would specifically limit such dissemination to On-the-Run Nominal Coupons.^[18] FINRA believes that disseminating information on individual transactions in On-the-Run Nominal Coupons on an end-of-day basis at this time would strike an appropriate balance between enhancing transparency by providing timely information to the public about U.S. Treasury Security market activity and mitigating potential information leakage concerns that could arise with a more accelerated dissemination timeframe, such as a real-time data feed.^[19] FINRA may in the future consider whether it would be appropriate to disseminate information for transactions in U.S. Treasury Securities on a more accelerated basis.

To provide clarity regarding the scope of transactions in U.S. Treasury Securities that would be subject to individual dissemination under amended Rule 6750, FINRA is proposing to add a definition of “On-the-Run Nominal Coupon” as new paragraph (ll) of Rule 6710 (Definitions).^[20] Specifically, “On-the-Run Nominal Coupon” would be defined to mean the most recently auctioned U.S. Treasury Security that is a Treasury note or bond paying fixed rate nominal coupons starting after the close of the TRACE system on the day of its Auction through the close of the TRACE system on the day of the Auction of a new issue for the next U.S. Treasury Security of the same maturity.^[21] For further clarity, the proposed definition would specify that On-the-Run Nominal Coupons do not include Treasury bills, STRIPS, Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities (TIPS), floating rate notes (FRNs), or any U.S. Treasury Security that is a Treasury note or bond paying a fixed rate nominal coupon that is not the most recently issued U.S. Treasury Security of a given maturity ( i.e., off-the-run nominal coupons).^[22] FINRA believes this proposed definition is consistent with Treasury Department usage and industry practice in categorizing different types of U.S. Treasury Securities, and is also consistent with how FINRA currently categorizes different U.S. Treasury Securities for purposes of groupings in its existing U.S. Treasury Security aggregate data.^[23] Consistent with the Treasury Department's proposed policy, FINRA believes it is appropriate at this time to limit dissemination of individual transaction information to On-the-Run Nominal Coupons. FINRA may in the future consider whether it would be appropriate to disseminate information for transactions in other types of U.S. Treasury Securities, such as off-the-run nominal coupons.

Dissemination Protocols

As described above, under the proposed rule change all individual transactions in On-the-Run Nominal Coupons reported to TRACE on a given trading day would generally be included in the end-of-day dissemination file for such date. However, to further mitigate concerns around information leakage for large trades and in consideration of the different risk and liquidity characteristics among different U.S. Treasury Security tenors, FINRA would implement transaction size dissemination caps to indicate that the size of a trade was above a designated threshold. This approach is consistent with the Treasury Department's proposed policy as well as FINRA's existing dissemination protocols for other types of TRACE-Eligible Securities.

Accordingly, in consultation with the Treasury Department, FINRA proposes to apply the following transaction size dissemination caps based on the maturity of the On-the-Run Nominal Coupon at issuance: ^[24]

• Two Years: $250 million;
• Three Years: $250 million;
• Five Years: $250 million;
• Seven Years: $150 million;
• 10 Years: $150 million;
• 20 Years: $50 million; and
• 30 Years: $50 million.

Thus, for example, a $200 million transaction in a 10-year On-the-Run ( printed page 77391) Nominal Coupon would be disseminated with a trade size of “150MM+” rather than the actual dollar amount of the trade.^[25] As discussed further below, FINRA believes these transaction size caps are appropriately tailored to mitigate potential information leakage concerns related to large transactions given the different liquidity and concentration characteristics of the market for each maturity. In consultation with the Treasury Department and based on ongoing analysis of the data, FINRA may in the future make adjustments to these dissemination caps to maintain the appropriate balance between enhanced transparency and protecting against potential information leakage that could negatively impact trading behaviors. Any proposed future changes to the dissemination caps would be filed with the Commission pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

Dissemination Fees

FINRA is also proposing amendments to Rule 7730 (Trade Reporting and Compliance Engine) to expand the existing fee framework for the TRACE End-of-Day Transaction File and the Historic TRACE Data product to include data products providing for the dissemination of information on individual transactions in On-the-Run Nominal Coupons. Rule 7730, among other things, sets forth the TRACE data products offered by FINRA in connection with information on TRACE-Eligible Securities and associated data fees.

Among other products, Rule 7730 provides for the dissemination of an End-of-Day TRACE Transaction File and Historic TRACE Data. Rule 7730(g)(6) defines the End-of-Day TRACE Transaction File to mean a daily file that includes all transaction data disseminated as part of Real-Time TRACE transaction data on that day, which is separately available for each data set for which Real-Time TRACE transaction data is available ( i.e., the Corporate Bond Data Set, Agency Data Set, SP Data Set, and Rule 144A Data Set) ^[26] and made available daily after the TRACE system closes. Rule 7730(g)(4) defines Historic TRACE Data to mean historic transaction-level data with elements to be determined from time to time by FINRA in its discretion as stated in a Regulatory Notice or other equivalent publication, which will not include market participant identifiers (MPIDs). Historic TRACE Data is separately available for each of the Historic Corporate Bond Data Set, the Historic Agency Data Set, the Historic SP Data Set, and the Historic Rule 144A Data Set, as defined in Rule 7730(g)(4)(A) through (D). Historic Corporate Bond and Historic Agency Data is delayed a minimum of six months, while Historic SP Data is delayed a minimum of 18 months and Historic Rule 144A Data carries a delay consistent with the delay period applicable to the component security type ( e.g., the delay for a Rule 144A transaction in a Securitized Product (SP) is 18 months, while the delay for a Rule 144A transaction in a corporate bond is six months). Generally, Historic TRACE Data includes the same transaction information as provided in the End-of-Day TRACE Transaction File for a given period of time, except that the End-of-Day TRACE Transaction File includes dissemination caps for large transactions while the Historic TRACE Data includes the actual, uncapped transaction sizes.

Rule 7730 sets forth, among other things, the fees applicable to receive the End-of-Day TRACE Transaction File and Historic TRACE Data from FINRA, which apply individually for each data set ( i.e., a separate fee applies for each of the Corporate Bond Data Set, Agency Data Set, SP Data Set, and Rule 144A Data Set). The fee for the End-of-Day TRACE Transaction File is $750/month per data set,^[27] with a lower $250/month per data set fee available to qualifying Tax-Exempt Organizations.^[28] The fee for Historic TRACE Data is $2,000/calendar year per data set, with a lower $500/calendar year per data set fee available to qualifying Tax-Exempt Organizations.^[29] A single fee of $2,000 for development and set-up to receive Historic TRACE Data also applies, with a lower $1,000 development and set-up fee available to qualifying Tax-Exempt Organizations.^[30]

FINRA is proposing that the End-of-Day TRACE Transaction File and Historic Data include a new set of data for U.S. Treasury Securities, as outlined above, with the same fees for the Treasury data set that exist for other sets of TRACE-Eligible Securities. To effectuate these changes, under the proposed rule change, FINRA would amend the existing definition of “End-of-Day TRACE Transaction File” in Rule 7730(g)(6) to include the End-of-Day Transaction File for U.S. Treasury Securities as a separately available daily file that includes transaction data for On-the-Run Nominal Coupons reported to TRACE on that day.^[31] FINRA would similarly amend the definition of “Historic TRACE Data” in Rule 7730(g)(4) to add a new definition of “Historic Treasury Data Set” to include all historic transactions in On-the-Run Nominal Coupons reported to TRACE. Historic Treasury Data would also be subject to a minimum six-month delay, as is the case currently for the existing Historic Corporate Bond and Historic Agency Data sets.^[32] The addition of U.S. Treasury Securities to the current framework in Rule 7730 for the TRACE End-of-Day Transaction File and Historic TRACE Data products would apply the existing data fees for each current TRACE data set to the new U.S. ( printed page 77392) Treasury data sets.^[33] FINRA believes these fees are reasonable, and notes that, as for any of the TRACE data sets, subscribing to each product is optional for members and others.

FINRA has an expansive and robust regulatory program regarding U.S. Treasury Securities, involving TRACE reporting requirements; dissemination of aggregate data and, if this filing is approved, dissemination of individual transaction data; surveillance and examination for complete and accurate reporting; and surveillance, examinations, and enforcement for manipulation and other unfair and prohibited trading practices, both in the U.S. Treasury Security market and across markets and products. FINRA to date has not implemented any additional fees to recover its implementation or ongoing operation costs with respect to its regulatory programs concerning activity in U.S. Treasury Securities.^[34] FINRA continues to review its revenue and cost structure and consider ways to fund its operations in this area. FINRA believes the fees proposed in the instant filing are reasonable given the incremental costs to be incurred by FINRA in developing, producing, and distributing the new U.S. Treasury Security data sets and providing ongoing administrative, functional, and technical support to subscribers. However, FINRA notes that such fees will not, and are not designed to, recover FINRA's full costs with respect to FINRA's regulatory programs regarding TRACE for U.S. Treasury Securities; FINRA intends to further consider the most appropriate fee structure(s) to recover these costs.

If the Commission approves the proposed rule change, FINRA will announce the effective date of the proposed rule change in a Regulatory Notice.

2. Statutory Basis

FINRA believes that the proposed rule change is consistent with the provisions of Section 15A(b)(6) of the Act,^[35] which requires, among other things, that FINRA rules must be designed to prevent fraudulent and manipulative acts and practices, to promote just and equitable principles of trade, and, in general, to protect investors and the public interest, and Section 15A(b)(9) of the Act,^[36] which requires that FINRA rules not impose any burden on competition that is not necessary or appropriate. FINRA believes that the proposal represents an important step in enhancing transparency in the U.S. Treasury Securities market, consistent with the Treasury Department's proposed policy, by beginning dissemination of individual transaction information in a calibrated and careful manner, on an end-of-day basis, limited to On-the-Run Nominal Coupons, and with appropriate dissemination caps for large trades. FINRA believes that providing this data to the public would improve price transparency for U.S. Treasury Securities, benefiting liquidity and resilience in this critical market, while also mitigating potential information leakage concerns that could negatively impact market behavior.

FINRA also believes that the proposed rule change is consistent with the provisions of Section 15A(b)(5) of the Act,^[37] which requires, among other things, that FINRA rules provide for the equitable allocation of reasonable dues, fees and other charges among members and issuers and other persons using any facility or system that FINRA operates or controls. Pursuant to the proposed rule change, FINRA will establish fees for (i) the new End-of-Day TRACE Transaction file for U.S. Treasury Securities and (ii) the new Historic TRACE Data product for U.S. Treasury Securities. In each case, the fees will be the same as those FINRA already charges to receive each of the other data sets for other types of TRACE-Eligible Securities. FINRA believes these fees are reasonable and are identical to existing fees already in place for end-of-day and historic data products for other types of TRACE-Eligible Securities. FINRA further notes that the fees will be applied equally to all similarly situated interested parties that choose to subscribe to either data product, and that subscribing to these data products is optional for members and others.

Thus, FINRA believes that the proposed rule change is in the public interest and consistent with the Act.

B. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement on Burden on Competition

FINRA does not believe that the proposed rule change will result in any burden on competition that is not necessary or appropriate in furtherance of the purposes of the Act.

Economic Impact Assessment

FINRA has undertaken an economic impact assessment, as set forth below, to further analyze the regulatory need for the proposed amendments to the TRACE rules, their potential economic impacts, and the alternatives considered in assessing how to best meet FINRA's regulatory objectives.

Regulatory Need

Under existing rules, transaction-level data in U.S. Treasury Securities reported to TRACE is used for regulatory and other official sector purposes and is not publicly disseminated.^[38] Currently, market participants may access some post-trade information for U.S. Treasury Securities directly through multiple private platforms. However, the data provided by such private platforms is not comprehensive, its content and format might vary across venues, and the data is available only to those trading on a specific platform or subscribing to its data services.

FINRA believes that the proposed amendments relating to dissemination of individual transaction information for U.S. Treasury Securities are consistent with FINRA's ongoing TRACE transparency initiatives. The proposal may create a more level playing field, increase understanding of market activity, enhance market liquidity, reduce transaction costs, and assist in price efficiency and valuation.

Economic Baseline

FINRA analyzed secondary market activity in U.S. Treasury Securities from September 1, 2022, to February 28, 2023 using transactions reported to TRACE.^[39] During the six-month sample period, there were 941 unique trade reporters (904 broker-dealers, 17 ATSs, 15 depository institutions, and five depository institution customers).^[40] Table 1 shows that, during the sample ( printed page 77393) period, there were on average 302,120 trades per day in all U.S. Treasury Securities with an average daily volume of approximately $732.01 billion. Daily trades in Treasury notes and bonds ^[41] on average accounted for 77.6 percent of all daily trades and 74.6 percent of the total daily dollar volume in all U.S. Treasury Securities, which also includes bills, TIPS and STRIPS in addition to notes and bonds.

Further analysis of the data shows that the average daily number of trades and average daily dollar volume of On-the-Run Nominal Coupons were approximately 166,240 and $392.80 billion respectively which were substantially higher than the number and volume of trades in off-the-run nominal coupons (approximately 68,079 and $150.18 billion respectively).

Table 2 provides more detail regarding the trades in the On-the-Run Nominal Coupons that are subject to the proposed amendments. On-the-Run Nominal Coupons on average accounted for approximately 55 percent of the total daily number of trades and 53.7 percent of the total daily volume of trades in U.S. Treasury Securities during the sample period.^[42] Separating out the activity by maturity shows that 5-year notes are the most actively traded both in terms of the number and volume of trades. The analysis also shows active interdealer trading and electronic trading, as proxied by ATS volume, in this market segment and a substantial volume of trades by non-FINRA members, such as PTFs, on the ATS platforms that are subject to Rule 6730.07.^[43]

Economic Impacts

Given the unique and fundamental role of the U.S. Treasury Securities market in the global economy, promoting the market's liquidity, efficient functioning, and resilience in times of stress is crucial both to Treasury market participants and the broader financial system.

The following sections outline the potential benefits and costs of the proposed dissemination of end-of-day and historical transaction-level information for On-the-Run Nominal Coupons, with appropriate dissemination caps for large trades. The discussion is informed by the public comments submitted in response to the Treasury Department's RFI,^[44] the Sia Partners/SIFMA survey results,^[45] TBAC Findings,^[46] and the academic literature.

Anticipated Benefits

While the RFI and survey respondents expressed mixed opinions on the impact of increased transparency on market liquidity and resilience, they broadly supported a gradual and calibrated approach to providing additional transparency in the Treasury Security market.^[47] The anticipated benefits included reducing trading costs, increasing liquidity, incentivizing intermediation and promoting additional participation, increasing market confidence, enhancing risk management, and higher market resilience during times of stress.^[48] Some respondents indicated that having access to transaction-level information could lead to improved price discovery and trade execution for both investors and dealers. Others indicated that additional transparency would assist quantitative trading firms as electronic trading becomes more prevalent.^[49]

The academic literature also provides insights on the effects of post-trade transparency in other fixed income markets and investigates the effect of transparency on price discovery, market liquidity, and the welfare of different classes of market participants. Several studies found that the transparency following the initiation of TRACE resulted in substantially lower trading costs and bid-ask spreads in the corporate bond market, not only for bonds whose trades were disseminated, but for other bonds as well.^[50] Studies on the impacts of post-trade transparency in the municipal bond market and securitized products market also reported reduced transaction costs as a result of additional transparency.^[51] These results are consistent with investors' ability to negotiate better prices in the presence of post-trade transparency.

FINRA believes that end-of-day public dissemination of transaction information on On-the-Run Nominal Coupons, as described above, would similarly benefit market participants by providing access to a single-source, comprehensive data set, subject to the proposed fees. The availability of this information, together with the historic TRACE data product for U.S. Treasury Securities, may also prompt further research and facilitate a better understanding of the U.S. Treasury Securities market, ultimately benefiting investors and other market participants and providing insight into how to better support the resiliency of the U.S. Treasury Securities market in times of stress.

Anticipated Costs

Market participants (and dealers in particular) expressed a concern in response to the Treasury Department's RFI and Sia Partners/SIFMA survey that releasing transaction details could potentially expose trading strategies or ( printed page 77395) positions to competitors and impede dealers' ability to appropriately manage risk and confidentially hedge their positions. If true, this could decrease intermediaries' risk-taking capacity and their willingness to participate, leading to a decline in liquidity supply and market resilience during stressed conditions. These concerns were mostly directed to the less-liquid market segments, larger trade sizes, and real-time dissemination.^[52] Most commenters and respondents believed that there was limited risk to the delayed dissemination of the transaction-level information for On-the-Run Nominal Coupons with appropriate transaction size dissemination caps. Some RFI commentors indicated that additional transparency could impact market participants' trading behavior by incentivizing market participants to engage in smaller size trades or other behaviors to avoid dissemination, such as attempting to move flows outside the U.S. market.^[53] Generally, the RFI and survey respondents shared the view that introducing additional post-trade transparency in the U.S. Treasury Securities market requires careful and prudent implementation to avoid disrupting market functioning.

The academic papers and industry reports that studied the impacts of post-trade transparency in other markets have found evidence of dealers' reluctance to carry inventory in the disseminated securities and moving flow to alternative markets.^[54] Others found evidence of difficulty in executing larger trades, reduced trading volume and transaction size—particularly in riskier and less liquid assets.^[55]

Accordingly, the proposed rule change incorporates multiple mitigants, developed in consultation with the Treasury Department, to address these concerns. First, the scope of the proposed rule change is limited to only transactions in On-the-Run Nominal Coupons, which are highly liquid. Second, delayed, end-of-day dissemination would further protect market participants against information leakage. Third, FINRA has conducted careful analysis and consulted with Treasury to specify appropriate transaction size dissemination caps calibrated to the maturity, liquidity and trading concentration in the underlying security to preserve the anonymity of market participants trading large transactions. In setting the proposed transaction size dissemination caps, FINRA considered both the percentage of traded market volume that would be disseminated (versus reported) across each maturity along with the daily number of unique intermediaries trading each security at or above the cap size for each maturity. This approach balances providing similar levels of transparency across maturities with sensitivity to information leakage concerns regarding reverse engineering of other market participants' identities, positions, or trading strategies. In this regard, FINRA analyzed the concentration of dealer activity and market liquidity in trades above various cap sizes in each specific Treasury maturity.

The proposed dissemination caps would—across all maturities—result in 0.09 percent of transactions being capped. Specifically, for the two-year, three-year, and five-year notes (which would be subject to a $250 million dollar cap), 0.08 percent, 0.08 percent, and 0.03 percent of transactions, respectively, would be capped upon dissemination ( i.e., because the size of the trade was greater than $250 million); for the seven-year and 10-year notes (which would be subject to a $150 million dollar cap), 0.13 percent and 0.05 percent of transactions, respectively, would be capped upon dissemination ( i.e., because the size of the trade was greater than $150 million); and for the 20-year and 30-year bonds (which would be subject to a $50 million dollar cap), 0.39 percent and 0.29 percent of transactions, respectively, would be capped upon dissemination ( i.e., because the size of the trade was greater than $50 million).

There is no anticipated operational impact on member firms as a result of FINRA's proposed end-of-day and historical dissemination of On-the-Run Nominal Coupon data, as reporting requirements will remain unchanged. As noted above, the disseminated data would be available to market participants for a fee. The proposed fees for the Treasury data set are the same as those that exist for other types of TRACE-Eligible Securities. FINRA does not anticipate any negative competitive effects as a result of the proposed fees. The proposed end-of-day and historical dissemination of transactions in On-the-Run Nominal Coupon U.S. Treasury Securities, subject to their related fees, will provide an option for all market participants, including smaller firms, to access post-trade transparency in the U.S. Treasury Securities market at a reasonable cost. Some market participants may choose to access the data indirectly through their data vendors as the vendors may externally display the data.^[56] Those market participants who choose to access the data directly through FINRA may incur an additional cost to set up the technological infrastructure necessary to access the data if they are not already subscribed to other TRACE data products. On balance, market participants would only incur costs if they determine that the benefits of receiving the data outweigh the costs.

Alternatives Considered

FINRA, in consultation with the Treasury Department, considered several alternatives with respect to the scope of the Treasury Securities that would be subject to dissemination under the proposed rule change, dissemination timeframes, and transaction size dissemination caps.

Scope of the Treasury Securities Subject to Dissemination

Regarding the scope of the U.S. Treasury Securities proposed to be subject to dissemination, FINRA considered including off-the-run and other types of U.S. Treasury Securities. However, since On-the-Run Nominal Coupons are both highly liquid and represent a significant portion of the Treasury Securities volume, FINRA believes that disseminating transaction-level data for On-the-Run Nominal Coupons would improve Treasury Securities market transparency with limited risk for market participants. The RFI and survey respondents' concerns regarding the potential impact of disseminating transaction data on their ability to manage their inventory risk were more pronounced for the less-liquid segments of the market, such as off-the-run U.S. Treasury Securities. ( printed page 77396)

Dissemination Timeframe

FINRA also considered real-time and less delayed dissemination of transaction level data as potential dissemination timeframe alternatives. However, weighing the potential benefits of providing the market with more timely data against concerns about protecting the confidentiality of market participants' positions and trading strategies, FINRA believes that, on balance, end-of-day dissemination will prudently balance the timeliness of transparency and concerns regarding potential negative impacts. End-of-day dissemination will provide FINRA and others the ability to research the proposed rule change's impact.^[57]

Transaction Size Caps

FINRA considered setting a single transaction size dissemination cap applicable to all transactions in On-the-Run Nominal Coupons. However, since liquidity and trading volume varies across U.S. Treasury Securities with different maturities, FINRA, in consultation with the Treasury Department, determined that it is appropriate to propose dissemination caps that are calibrated to the maturity, liquidity, interest rate sensitivity, and trading concentration of the underlying U.S. Treasury Security.

C. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement on Comments on the Proposed Rule Change Received From Members, Participants, or Others

Written comments were neither solicited nor received.

III. Date of Effectiveness of the Proposed Rule Change and Timing for Commission Action

Within 45 days of the date of publication of this notice in the Federal Register or within such longer period (i) as the Commission may designate up to 90 days of such date if it finds such longer period to be appropriate and publishes its reasons for so finding or (ii) as to which the self-regulatory organization consents, the Commission will:

(A) by order approve or disapprove such proposed rule change, or

(B) institute proceedings to determine whether the proposed rule change should be disapproved.

IV. Solicitation of Comments

Interested persons are invited to submit written data, views and arguments concerning the foregoing, including whether the proposed rule change is consistent with the Act. Comments may be submitted by any of the following methods:

Electronic Comments

• Use the Commission's internet comment form (www.sec.gov/​rules/​sro.shtml); or
• Send an email torule-comments@sec.gov. Please include file number SR-FINRA-2023-015 on the subject line.

Paper Comments

• Send paper comments in triplicate to Secretary, Securities and Exchange Commission, 100 F Street NE, Washington, DC 20549-1090.

All submissions should refer to file number SR-FINRA-2023-015. This file number should be included on the subject line if email is used. To help the Commission process and review your comments more efficiently, please use only one method. The Commission will post all comments on the Commission's internet website ( www.sec.gov/​rules/​sro.shtml). Copies of the submission, all subsequent amendments, all written statements with respect to the proposed rule change that are filed with the Commission, and all written communications relating to the proposed rule change between the Commission and any person, other than those that may be withheld from the public in accordance with the provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be available for website viewing and printing in the Commission's Public Reference Room, 100 F Street NE, Washington, DC 20549, on official business days between the hours of 10 a.m. and 3 p.m. Copies of the filing also will be available for inspection and copying at the principal office of the Exchange. Do not include personal identifiable information in submissions; you should submit only information that you wish to make available publicly. We may redact in part or withhold entirely from publication submitted material that is obscene or subject to copyright protection. All submissions should refer to file number SR-FINRA-2023-015 and should be submitted on or before November 30, 2023.